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2020高考英语新增分方案大一轮人教新课改省份专用讲义：选修7Unit3Underthesea
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Unit 3 Under the sea
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．anecdote n． 轶事；奇闻
2．shore n. 岸；海滨
3．dimension n. 维(数)；方面；侧面
4．telescope n. 望远镜
5．tide n. 潮(汐)；潮水；潮流
6．flashlight n. 闪光信号灯；手电筒；闪光灯
7．grey adj.& n. 灰色(的)
8．meantime adv. 其间；同时
9．Antarctic adj. 南极的
10．suck vt.& vi. 吮吸
11．seal n. 海豹；封条；印章
12．boundary n. 界限；分界线
13．awesome adj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的
14．pension n. 养老金；退休金
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．seaside n. & adj. 海边(的)；海滨(的)
2．yell vi. 大叫；呼喊
n. 叫声；喊声
3.flee vi. 逃避；逃跑
vt. 逃离
4．jog vi. 慢跑
vt. 轻推；轻撞
5．pause vi.& n. 暂停；中止
6．drag vt. 拖；拉；扯
7．target n. 目标；靶；受批评的对象
8．opposite prep. 在……对面
adj. 相对的；相反的
9．annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的
n. 年刊；年鉴
10．witness vt. 当场见到；目击
n. 目击者；证人；证据
11．vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的
12．dive vi.& n. 跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲
13．teamwork n. 协作；配合
14．steep adj. 陡峭的
15．pure adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的
16．narrow adj. 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的
17．shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的；浅显的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．accommodation n．住所；住宿→accommodate vt.提供住宿
2．depth n．深(度)；深处→deep adj.& adv.深的(地)→deeply adv.深深地→deepen v．使加深；使强烈；变深
3．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；迫切的
4．abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
5．relationship n．关系；血缘关系；交往→relate v．使有联系；叙述→related adj.有关系的；有关联的→relation n．关系
6．conservation n．保存；保护→conserve v．保存
7．reflect vi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考→reflection n．反射；反映；映像
8．aware adj.意识到的；知道的→awareness n．意识；觉悟；认识
9．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharpen v．削尖；磨快；尖锐；变锋利→sharpener n．磨削的工具
10．tasty adj.好吃的；可口的→taste n．味道 v．品尝→tasteless adj.无味的
11．scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓→scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的
[语境活用]
1．Some flowers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful.(reflect)
2．If you can't find any accommodations elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodation)
3．It is urged that we should finish the job in such urgent time.(urge)
4．Though the soup is tasty,_I've lost my sense of taste and it tastes just like tasteless water.(taste)
5．The lake is over 20 meters in depth.So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(deep)
6．Whether a student likes a subject or not is normally related to the relationship/relation between he and his teacher. (relate)
7．We turned the bicycle lights off to conserve the batteries and the conservation is necessary.(conservation)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.aim_at 瞄准；力求达到；旨在
2．ahead_of 优于；在……前面
3．get_close_to 靠近；接近
4．be_about_to_do 即将做；将要做
5．(be)_scared_to_death 吓死了
6．upside_down 上下翻转
7．in_the_meantime 在此期间；与此同时
8．help_(...)_out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
9．hold_up 举起；阻挡；使延误
10．be/become_aware_of 对……知道、明白；意识到……
1.The reason is that more and more people are eager to get_close_to nature.
2．I know he is a little selfish, in_the_meantime,_I must admit he is a good worker.
3．From now on, don't take me to watch horrible movies. I was_scared_to_death last night.
4．He was obviously in some kind of trouble, but I didn't know how I could help him out.
5．The building work has been held_up by the bad weather.
6．Looking for his lost magazine, the man turned the whole room upside_down.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
关系副词when 引导定语从句，修饰time。
事实上，每个人都会经历这样一段似乎事情总是不对劲的时候。
The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when_things_seem_to_be_always_going_wrong.
2.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。
be about to do sth.“正要做某事”。
当他们正打算看他们最喜爱的电影时，他们听到来自外面的奇怪的噪声。
When they were_about_to_watch_their_favourite_movie,_they heard a strange noise coming from outside.
3.As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
随着我们的逼近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他六条虎鲸袭击。
see ... doing sth.“看见……正在做某事”，v.ing形式的被动式作宾语补足语。
我们看到越来越多的古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。
We see more_and_more_ancient_buildings_being_destroyed or pulled down.
4.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
where ..., there be ...“在……地方，有……”，where引导地点状语从句。
(2014·山东高考写作)正如一句谚语所说，有志者，事竟成。
As a proverb goes, where_there_is_a_will,_there_is_a_way.
二、课堂重点深化
1．witness vt.当场见到；目击；见证vi.为……作证(to) n．目击者；证人；证据
[自主体验]
写出下列句中witness的词性和词义
①Police have appealed for anyone who witnessed the incident to contact them. v．目击
②(2017·江苏高考)As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.v.见证
③This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development.n.证人
[系统归纳]
(1)witness sth./that ... 目击……；见证……
witness to (doing) sth. 证实/证明(做)某事
(2)a witness of/to sth. ……的目击者/见证人/证明/证据
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④(2018·北京高考书面表达)We had a really enjoyable time in the tea house.(用witness升级句子)
→The_tea_house_witnessed_a_really_enjoyable_time_for_all_of_us.
2．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策n.强烈的欲望；冲动
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Parents should actively urge their children to_take (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.
③I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
④It is strongly urged by students that the library be_kept (keep) open during the weekend.
[系统归纳]
(1)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge sth. on sb. 极力主张某人某事
urge/it is urged that ... (should) do sth. 极力主张……
(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的；急迫的
urgency n. 紧急；迫切
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑤(2016·江苏高考书面表达)人们不仅在网上投票，还敦促他人投票支持诸如“最美丽的老师”和“最萌宝贝”这样的竞赛。
People not only cast online votes themselves, but also urge_others_to_vote for competitions like the“Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”．
3．abandon vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃；中止；使放纵；使听任n.放任；放纵
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Soon they reached an abandoned (abandon) temple, where there once lived an old monk.
②They abandoned carrying (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
[系统归纳]
(1)abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的
be abandoned to 沉湎于……
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(用abandon的适当形式填空)
③Abandoned to playing computer games, he didn't pass the exam.
④Abandoning himself to playing computer games, he didn't pass the exam.
佳句时时写
⑤我正要放弃希望，就在这时候，我的爸爸走过来鼓励我继续下去。
I_was_about_to_abandon_hope_when_my_father_came_and_encouraged_me_to_keep_going_on.
4．reflect vt.映射；反射；反映；思考vi.思考
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It seems beautiful that the tall buildings are_reflected (reflect) in the lake around which there are many trees.
②Usually a child's behaviour is a reflection (reflect) of his family relationship and growth environment.
③Reflecting (reflect) on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.
④I always reflect on life when listening to Beethoven's symphony.
[系统归纳]
(1)reflect ... in ... 在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
reflect on/upon sth. 反思/认真思考某事
(2)reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思
on reflection 再三考虑
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·福建高考书面表达)不是故事本身，而是故事中反映的道理才真的有价值。(reflect，强调句)
It_is_not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_that_really_counts.
1．help (...) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难；协助；使(某人)脱离困境
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework.
②We think this is the opportunity for us youth to contribute to helping the victims out.
③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling (smile)．
[系统归纳]
(1)help sb. with/(to) do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事
can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
can't help but do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做某事
help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(吃/用……等)
(2)with the help of sb.＝with one's help 在某人的帮助下
be of help to ...＝be helpful to/for 对……有帮助
[重点强化]
佳句时时写(一句多译)
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)希望这些建议对你有帮助。
④Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_help_you_out.(help v．)
⑤Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_be_helpful_for_you.(helpful)
⑥Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_be_of_help_to_you.(help n．)
2．be/become aware of对……知道、明白；意识到……
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Learning English not only increases my awareness (aware) of foreign cultures but also helps me to communicate with Englishspeaking people and to make more new friends.
②In my opinion, it's very important to develop an awareness of health now.
③As a member of society, I'm aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.
[系统归纳]
(1)be aware that ... 意识到/体会到……
(2)awareness n. 意识；认识；觉悟
develop an awareness of 逐渐懂得；培养……的意识
raise an awareness of 提高……意识
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④我想为大熊猫代言，这样我就能更多地了解如何保护它们，并提高人们对动物保护的意识。
I would like to speak for pandas so that I can learn more about how to protect them and raise_people's_awareness_of_animal_protection.
3．现在分词作宾语补足语
[教材原句] As we drew closer, I could see_a whale being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
[自主体验]
①Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.
②Listen! Do you hear someone calling (call) for help?
③I was sleeping when I heard my name shouted(shout)．
[归纳点拨]
用法规则
(1)being done表示“正在被……”，是现在分词的被动式，在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动与进行。
(2)除了being done可以作宾补之外，分词中doing(现在分词)和done(过去分词)也可以作宾补；doing作宾补，表示动作为主动进行，done作宾补表示被动完成。
注意事项
being done表示“正在被……”，除了可以作宾补之外，还可以作主语、宾语和状语。如：
Being caught in a heavy traffic is quite an unpleasant experience.
遭遇严重交通堵塞是一种非常令人不愉快的经历。
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)You'll find the movie not only meaningful but also interesting.
②(增分要点句)(2017·北京高考书面表达)Several days later, when we had the video being played on the graduation ceremony, the audience burst into applause, which surely gave us a great sense of achievement.
4．where引导地点状语从句
[教材原句] The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there_was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
[自主体验]
①I can't hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.
因为我坐的地方噪音太大，所以我听不清教授在说什么。
②As far as I'm concerned，you are free to go wherever you like.
就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
[归纳点拨]
用法规则
where ...，there be ...，意为“在……地方， 有……”， where引导地点状语从句。另外 wherever“无论什么地方；无论在何处”也可引导地点状语从句。
注意事项
where在句中引导地点状语从句时，很容易和引导定语从句相混淆，区别的关键在于where前面是否有需要修饰的先行词。如：
High buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago.(状语从句)
High buildings have arisen in the place where there was nothing a year ago.(定语从句，先行词为the place)
[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2016·江苏高考书面表达)Where we see competitions, there are online votes.
②(增分要点句)(2017·浙江高考写作)We are going to meet at the school gate at 7 a．m. and cycle to the nearby mountain, where we can go hiking and enjoy a picnic.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“海底世界”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——海底世界
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①ocean ②beach ③wave ④shark
⑤action ⑥measure ⑦decrease ⑧importance
⑨habitat ⑩wildlife ⑪pollution ⑫target
⑬balance ⑭destroy ⑮survive ⑯protect
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①creature n． 生物 ②decline n． 减少；下降
③extinction n. 灭绝 ④awareness n. 意识
⑤condition n. 状况 ⑥surround v. 包围
⑦existence n. 存在 ⑧severely adv. 严重地
⑨expand v. 扩大 ⑩shortage n. 短缺
⑪disaster n. 灾害 ⑫consequence n. 后果
⑬species n. 物种 ⑭survival n. 存活
⑮disappear v. 消失 ⑯conservation n. 保护
⑰resource n. 资源 ⑱threaten v. 威胁
⑲ecological adj. 生态的 ⑳environmentallyfriendly adj.环保的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①dry up (河流、井等)干涸
②the illegal hunt 非法捕猎
③in harmony 和谐
④be faced with 面临
⑤the number of ……的数量
⑥save endangered animals 拯救濒危动物
⑦protect wildlife 保护野生动物
⑧reflect on 反思
⑨make a difference 有影响；起作用
⑩die out 灭绝
⑪belong to 属于
⑫take effective measures to do sth. 采取有效的措施做某事
(四)写作佳句背一背
①It's time we took measures to protect the river from being polluted.
②The population of wild animals on the earth is becoming smaller with the development of economy.
③I wonder if laws will be made to punish those who hunt for or even kill animals more severely.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
概要写作要点归纳精准化
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
I talk a lot to myself. It helps me to keep my concentration on the activity in hand, makes me focus more on my studies, and gives me some pretty brilliant ideas while talking to myself; more importantly, I produce better works. Do you talk to yourself? Don't get embarrassed at admitting it because science has discovered that those who talk to themselves are actually geniuses but not crazies!
Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment in a supermarket where 20 volunteers were shown objects, and were asked to remember them. Half of them were told to repeat the objects, for example, bananas, and the other half remained silent. In the end, the result showed that selfdirected speech aided people to find the objects faster, compared with the silent ones.
“I often talk to myself when searching for something in the refrigerator or on the supermarket shelves，” said Gary Lupyan. This personal experience actually made him conduct this experiment. Lupyan, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, came up with the outcome that those who talk to themselves are geniuses. Here are the reasons：
When you are talking to yourself, your sensory mechanism gets activated. It gets easier on your memory since you can visualise (使……具体化) the word, and you can act accordingly.
Every one of us tends to have various types of thoughts. Most make sense, while the others don't. Suppose you are furious at someone and you feel like killing that person. Now for this issue you won't run to a doctor, will you? No, what you do is lock yourself in a room and mutter to yourself. You are letting go off the anger by talking to yourself about the pros and cons of killing that person, and eventually you calm down. This is a silly thought that you have and are unable to share it with any other person. Psychologist Linda Sapadin said, “It helps you clarify your thoughts, tend to what's important and firm up any decision you are thinking about.”
[写作步骤]
第一步：归纳主旨大意
主旨大意：本篇为说明文。文章的主题是“自言自语的人是天才”。
短文结构分析：全文分为三个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：为导入段，引出自言自语不是问题，事实上自言自语的人是天才；
第二部分(第二、三段)：实验研究的情况；
第三部分(第四、五段)：说明了自言自语的优点——有助于刺激记忆力，使头脑清晰。
第二步：提炼关键词
Part 1：
1.I talk_a_lot_to_myself. It helps me to keep_my_concentration_on_the_activity in hand.
2．Those who talk_to_themselves are actually geniuses but not crazies！
Part 2：
3.Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted_an_experiment in a supermarket where 20 volunteers were shown objects, and were asked to remember them.
4．Lupyan, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, came up with the outcome that those who_talk_to_themselves_are_geniuses.
Part 3：
5.When you are talking to yourself, your sensory mechanism gets_activated. It gets easier on your memory since you can visualise the word.
6．It helps you clarify_your_thoughts.
第三步：合并和改写
1．要点1和2
合并：Talking a lot to oneself helps one focus on the activity in hand and people who like to talk to themselves are supposed to be geniuses.
改写：Talking a lot to oneself helps one focus on what_he_is_doing and people who have_this_habit are actually geniuses.
2．要点3和4
合并：Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment about it and he, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, concluded that those who talk to themselves are geniuses.
改写：Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment about it and he and psychologist Daniel Swigley concluded it's_true.
3．要点5和6
合并：When you are talking to yourself, your memory can be stimulated and it helps you clarify your thoughts.
改写：Talking_to_yourself does good as follows: on the one hand, it stimulates your memory; on_the_other_hand,_it helps you clarify your thoughts.
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：
Talking_a_lot_to_oneself_helps_one_focus_on_what_he_is_doing_and_people_who_have_this_habit_are_actually_geniuses._(要点1)Psychologist_Gary_Lupyan_conducted_an_experiment about_it_and_he_and_psychologist_Daniel_Swigley_concluded_it's_true._(要点2)The experiment_showed_that_talking_to_yourself_does_good_as_follows:_on_the_one_hand,_it_stimulates_your_memory;_on_the_other_hand,_it_helps_you_clarify_your_thoughts.(要点3)
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty (taste) recipes.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned (abandon) bricks of different ages.
3．(2017·浙江高考)Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has_witnessed (witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.
5．(2015·北京高考)These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth (deep) of about 3,300 feet — as far as most light can reach.
6．(2010·湖南高考)The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection (reflect) of cultural difference in facial expressions.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用urge, witness, abandoned, aware of填空)
1．(2018·北京高考完形填空)For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash would be a source (来源) of temptation (诱惑)．But the __16__ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more remarkable.urge
2．(2015·福建高考完形填空)It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became __46__ her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge everything so harshly (刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her life as well.aware_of
3．(2013·江苏高考完形填空)I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia.It was __41__， full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner, rented it, and cleared a corner to camp in.abandoned
4．(2009·浙江高考完形填空)That evening, our group spent hours talking about what we had__30__.Gently, I encouraged everyone to talk about the difficult feelings that day's discoveries had inspired.witnessed
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：海底世界资源丰富，但过度开发会导致污染和破坏，聚焦“坚持生态优先，珍惜海洋资源”的环保理念，提高人们保护海洋资源、和平利用开发海洋的意识。高考围绕此话题进行命题，旨在提高人们的环保意识。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1] She looked up at me sadly, her pain being unbearably obvious.I __1__her as she swam silently around the small pool.The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers (鳍状肢)were filled with cuts and scars.Then she swam slowly to others.
[2] I couldn't help but think these __3__ creatures looked as though they were war heroes wounded in battle, but they weren't.They were just a group of innocent sea turtles that had been injured by __4__ humans.
[3] Earlier that day, students had learned those endangered sea turtles were being __5__ all the time __6__ water pollution, litter, and careless boaters and fishermen.
[4] I had always been conscious of the damage our environment was suffering __7__ I had never truly been given the opportunity to __8__ the devastating (毁灭性的) effects of environmental destruction until I observed that __9__.Seeing a picture or movie of these animals cannot truly sense the __10__ on their faces.Now that I have witnessed the __11__ caused by the pollution and people's carelessness.I try to encourage my friends to __12__ their eating habit, which can __13__ our environment.I am devoted to __14__ time and money to help save endangered animals.We need to start saving our environment now before it's too late.We must fight for those creatures that cannot __15__ for themselves.
语篇解读：作者从一只受伤的小海龟说起，鼓励同伴们改变饮食习惯，捐赠时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物，从而使环境受益。
1．A.recognized B．introduced
C．watched D．satisfied
解析：选C 根据语境，我看着她，她静静地在小池塘里游着。watch“观察，观看”，符合题意。
2．A.strange B．missing
C．shining D．complex
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，这是一只受伤的海龟。此处应该是指左上边的黄色外壳不见了(missing)。
3．A.troublesome B．rare
C．ugly D．unfortunate
解析：选D 根据第一段语境，她左上边的黄色外壳不见了，她的鳍状肢布满了刀伤和伤疤，可知她们是不幸的(unfortunate)。
4．A.skilful B．stubborn
C．intelligent D．careless
解析：选D 根据第三段中“careless boaters and fishermen”可知，这是一群无辜的海龟，被粗心的(careless)人类伤害。
5．A.studied B．discovered
C．killed D．displayed
解析：选C 这些濒临灭绝的海龟因为水污染、乱丢垃圾、粗心大意的渔船和渔民而被杀(killed)。
6．A.because of B．in case of
C．in spite of D．apart from
解析：选A 根据上一题的解析可知，是因为这些原因，故选because of。
7．A.so B．but
C．or D．and
解析：选B 我总能意识到我们的环境所遭受的破坏，但(but)我从来没有真正有机会看到(see)环境破坏后的毁灭性的影响，直到亲眼看到那只受伤的海龟(turtle)。
8．A.see B．predict
C．prevent D．experience
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
9．A.boater B．fisherman
C．visitor D．turtle
解析：选D 参见第7题解析。
10．A.pain B．dirt
C．mask D．sign
解析：选A 看到这些动物的照片或电影不能真正地感觉它们脸上的痛苦(pain)。
11．A.worry B．harm
C．anger D．shame
解析：选B 既然我已经目睹了污染和人们的疏忽造成的伤害(harm)。
12．A.mention B．form
C．change D．check
解析：选C 我试图鼓励我的朋友们改变(change)他们的饮食习惯。
13．A.describe B．witness
C．investigate D．benefit
解析：选D 这样做可以使环境受益，benefit“对……有好处”，符合题意。
14．A.donating B．sharing
C．ignoring D．recording
解析：选A 根据语境是我捐赠(donating)时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物。
15．A.wait B．search
C．care D．fight
解析：选D 我们必须为那些不能为自己而战的生物而战(fight)。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
完形填空技法(6)——克服词汇多义和生义理解不透，力避“望文生义”
在英语中，不少单词有两个甚至多个意思，我们把这种现象称之为一词多义。一词多义是很普遍的语言现象。在完形填空的选项中，有时也出现一些多义词。对这类词的常见意义掌握得不够全面，会给考生在解答完形填空时带来很大的干扰，导致错选。如对第2题选项missing的词义掌握不到位，就容易造成错选。
在复习词汇的过程中，我们要特别关注和积累熟词生义，特别是常用动词及其短语，在解题过程中，注意认真思考，不要“望文生义”。
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．anecdote n． 轶事；奇闻
2．shore n. 岸；海滨
3．dimension n. 维(数)；方面；侧面
4．telescope n. 望远镜
5．tide n. 潮(汐)；潮水；潮流
6．flashlight n. 闪光信号灯；手电筒；闪光灯
7．grey adj.& n. 灰色(的)
8．meantime adv. 其间；同时
9．Antarctic adj. 南极的
10．suck vt.& vi. 吮吸
11．seal n. 海豹；封条；印章
12．boundary n. 界限；分界线
13．awesome adj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的
14．pension n. 养老金；退休金
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．seaside n. & adj. 海边(的)；海滨(的)
2．yell vi. 大叫；呼喊
n. 叫声；喊声
3.flee vi. 逃避；逃跑
vt. 逃离
4．jog vi. 慢跑
vt. 轻推；轻撞
5．pause vi.& n. 暂停；中止
6．drag vt. 拖；拉；扯
7．target n. 目标；靶；受批评的对象
8．opposite prep. 在……对面
adj. 相对的；相反的
9．annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的
n. 年刊；年鉴
10．witness vt. 当场见到；目击
n. 目击者；证人；证据
11．vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的
12．dive vi.& n. 跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲
13．teamwork n. 协作；配合
14．steep adj. 陡峭的
15．pure adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的
16．narrow adj. 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的
17．shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的；浅显的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．accommodation n．住所；住宿→accommodate vt.提供住宿
2．depth n．深(度)；深处→deep adj.& adv.深的(地)→deeply adv.深深地→deepen v．使加深；使强烈；变深
3．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；迫切的
4．abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
5．relationship n．关系；血缘关系；交往→relate v．使有联系；叙述→related adj.有关系的；有关联的→relation n．关系
6．conservation n．保存；保护→conserve v．保存
7．reflect vi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考→reflection n．反射；反映；映像
8．aware adj.意识到的；知道的→awareness n．意识；觉悟；认识
9．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharpen v．削尖；磨快；尖锐；变锋利→sharpener n．磨削的工具
10．tasty adj.好吃的；可口的→taste n．味道 v．品尝→tasteless adj.无味的
11．scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓→scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的
[语境活用]
1．Some flowers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful.(reflect)
2．If you can't find any accommodations elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodation)
3．It is urged that we should finish the job in such urgent time.(urge)
4．Though the soup is tasty,_I've lost my sense of taste and it tastes just like tasteless water.(taste)
5．The lake is over 20 meters in depth.So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(deep)
6．Whether a student likes a subject or not is normally related to the relationship/relation between he and his teacher. (relate)
7．We turned the bicycle lights off to conserve the batteries and the conservation is necessary.(conservation)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.aim_at 瞄准；力求达到；旨在
2．ahead_of 优于；在……前面
3．get_close_to 靠近；接近
4．be_about_to_do 即将做；将要做
5．(be)_scared_to_death 吓死了
6．upside_down 上下翻转
7．in_the_meantime 在此期间；与此同时
8．help_(...)_out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
9．hold_up 举起；阻挡；使延误
10．be/become_aware_of 对……知道、明白；意识到……
1.The reason is that more and more people are eager to get_close_to nature.
2．I know he is a little selfish, in_the_meantime,_I must admit he is a good worker.
3．From now on, don't take me to watch horrible movies. I was_scared_to_death last night.
4．He was obviously in some kind of trouble, but I didn't know how I could help him out.
5．The building work has been held_up by the bad weather.
6．Looking for his lost magazine, the man turned the whole room upside_down.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
关系副词when 引导定语从句，修饰time。
事实上，每个人都会经历这样一段似乎事情总是不对劲的时候。
The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when_things_seem_to_be_always_going_wrong.
2.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。
be about to do sth.“正要做某事”。
当他们正打算看他们最喜爱的电影时，他们听到来自外面的奇怪的噪声。
When they were_about_to_watch_their_favourite_movie,_they heard a strange noise coming from outside.
3.As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
随着我们的逼近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他六条虎鲸袭击。
see ... doing sth.“看见……正在做某事”，v.ing形式的被动式作宾语补足语。
我们看到越来越多的古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。
We see more_and_more_ancient_buildings_being_destroyed or pulled down.
4.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
where ..., there be ...“在……地方，有……”，where引导地点状语从句。
(2014·山东高考写作)正如一句谚语所说，有志者，事竟成。
As a proverb goes, where_there_is_a_will,_there_is_a_way.
二、课堂重点深化
1．witness vt.当场见到；目击；见证vi.为……作证(to) n．目击者；证人；证据
[自主体验]
写出下列句中witness的词性和词义
①Police have appealed for anyone who witnessed the incident to contact them. v．目击
②(2017·江苏高考)As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.v.见证
③This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development.n.证人
[系统归纳]
(1)witness sth./that ... 目击……；见证……
witness to (doing) sth. 证实/证明(做)某事
(2)a witness of/to sth. ……的目击者/见证人/证明/证据
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④(2018·北京高考书面表达)We had a really enjoyable time in the tea house.(用witness升级句子)
→The_tea_house_witnessed_a_really_enjoyable_time_for_all_of_us.
2．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策n.强烈的欲望；冲动
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Parents should actively urge their children to_take (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.
③I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
④It is strongly urged by students that the library be_kept (keep) open during the weekend.
[系统归纳]
(1)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge sth. on sb. 极力主张某人某事
urge/it is urged that ... (should) do sth. 极力主张……
(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的；急迫的
urgency n. 紧急；迫切
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑤(2016·江苏高考书面表达)人们不仅在网上投票，还敦促他人投票支持诸如“最美丽的老师”和“最萌宝贝”这样的竞赛。
People not only cast online votes themselves, but also urge_others_to_vote for competitions like the“Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”．
3．abandon vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃；中止；使放纵；使听任n.放任；放纵
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Soon they reached an abandoned (abandon) temple, where there once lived an old monk.
②They abandoned carrying (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
[系统归纳]
(1)abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的
be abandoned to 沉湎于……
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(用abandon的适当形式填空)
③Abandoned to playing computer games, he didn't pass the exam.
④Abandoning himself to playing computer games, he didn't pass the exam.
佳句时时写
⑤我正要放弃希望，就在这时候，我的爸爸走过来鼓励我继续下去。
I_was_about_to_abandon_hope_when_my_father_came_and_encouraged_me_to_keep_going_on.
4．reflect vt.映射；反射；反映；思考vi.思考
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It seems beautiful that the tall buildings are_reflected (reflect) in the lake around which there are many trees.
②Usually a child's behaviour is a reflection (reflect) of his family relationship and growth environment.
③Reflecting (reflect) on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.
④I always reflect on life when listening to Beethoven's symphony.
[系统归纳]
(1)reflect ... in ... 在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
reflect on/upon sth. 反思/认真思考某事
(2)reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思
on reflection 再三考虑
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·福建高考书面表达)不是故事本身，而是故事中反映的道理才真的有价值。(reflect，强调句)
It_is_not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_that_really_counts.
1．help (...) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难；协助；使(某人)脱离困境
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework.
②We think this is the opportunity for us youth to contribute to helping the victims out.
③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling (smile)．
[系统归纳]
(1)help sb. with/(to) do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事
can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
can't help but do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做某事
help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(吃/用……等)
(2)with the help of sb.＝with one's help 在某人的帮助下
be of help to ...＝be helpful to/for 对……有帮助
[重点强化]
佳句时时写(一句多译)
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)希望这些建议对你有帮助。
④Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_help_you_out.(help v．)
⑤Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_be_helpful_for_you.(helpful)
⑥Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_be_of_help_to_you.(help n．)
2．be/become aware of对……知道、明白；意识到……
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Learning English not only increases my awareness (aware) of foreign cultures but also helps me to communicate with Englishspeaking people and to make more new friends.
②In my opinion, it's very important to develop an awareness of health now.
③As a member of society, I'm aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.
[系统归纳]
(1)be aware that ... 意识到/体会到……
(2)awareness n. 意识；认识；觉悟
develop an awareness of 逐渐懂得；培养……的意识
raise an awareness of 提高……意识
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④我想为大熊猫代言，这样我就能更多地了解如何保护它们，并提高人们对动物保护的意识。
I would like to speak for pandas so that I can learn more about how to protect them and raise_people's_awareness_of_animal_protection.
3．现在分词作宾语补足语
[教材原句] As we drew closer, I could see_a whale being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
[自主体验]
①Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.
②Listen! Do you hear someone calling (call) for help?
③I was sleeping when I heard my name shouted(shout)．
[归纳点拨]
用法规则
(1)being done表示“正在被……”，是现在分词的被动式，在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动与进行。
(2)除了being done可以作宾补之外，分词中doing(现在分词)和done(过去分词)也可以作宾补；doing作宾补，表示动作为主动进行，done作宾补表示被动完成。
注意事项
being done表示“正在被……”，除了可以作宾补之外，还可以作主语、宾语和状语。如：
Being caught in a heavy traffic is quite an unpleasant experience.
遭遇严重交通堵塞是一种非常令人不愉快的经历。
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)You'll find the movie not only meaningful but also interesting.
②(增分要点句)(2017·北京高考书面表达)Several days later, when we had the video being played on the graduation ceremony, the audience burst into applause, which surely gave us a great sense of achievement.
4．where引导地点状语从句
[教材原句] The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there_was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
[自主体验]
①I can't hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.
因为我坐的地方噪音太大，所以我听不清教授在说什么。
②As far as I'm concerned，you are free to go wherever you like.
就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
[归纳点拨]
用法规则
where ...，there be ...，意为“在……地方， 有……”， where引导地点状语从句。另外 wherever“无论什么地方；无论在何处”也可引导地点状语从句。
注意事项
where在句中引导地点状语从句时，很容易和引导定语从句相混淆，区别的关键在于where前面是否有需要修饰的先行词。如：
High buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago.(状语从句)
High buildings have arisen in the place where there was nothing a year ago.(定语从句，先行词为the place)
[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2016·江苏高考书面表达)Where we see competitions, there are online votes.
②(增分要点句)(2017·浙江高考写作)We are going to meet at the school gate at 7 a．m. and cycle to the nearby mountain, where we can go hiking and enjoy a picnic.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“海底世界”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——海底世界
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①ocean ②beach ③wave ④shark
⑤action ⑥measure ⑦decrease ⑧importance
⑨habitat ⑩wildlife ⑪pollution ⑫target
⑬balance ⑭destroy ⑮survive ⑯protect
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①creature n． 生物 ②decline n． 减少；下降
③extinction n. 灭绝 ④awareness n. 意识
⑤condition n. 状况 ⑥surround v. 包围
⑦existence n. 存在 ⑧severely adv. 严重地
⑨expand v. 扩大 ⑩shortage n. 短缺
⑪disaster n. 灾害 ⑫consequence n. 后果
⑬species n. 物种 ⑭survival n. 存活
⑮disappear v. 消失 ⑯conservation n. 保护
⑰resource n. 资源 ⑱threaten v. 威胁
⑲ecological adj. 生态的 ⑳environmentallyfriendly adj.环保的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①dry up (河流、井等)干涸
②the illegal hunt 非法捕猎
③in harmony 和谐
④be faced with 面临
⑤the number of ……的数量
⑥save endangered animals 拯救濒危动物
⑦protect wildlife 保护野生动物
⑧reflect on 反思
⑨make a difference 有影响；起作用
⑩die out 灭绝
⑪belong to 属于
⑫take effective measures to do sth. 采取有效的措施做某事
(四)写作佳句背一背
①It's time we took measures to protect the river from being polluted.
②The population of wild animals on the earth is becoming smaller with the development of economy.
③I wonder if laws will be made to punish those who hunt for or even kill animals more severely.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
概要写作要点归纳精准化
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
I talk a lot to myself. It helps me to keep my concentration on the activity in hand, makes me focus more on my studies, and gives me some pretty brilliant ideas while talking to myself; more importantly, I produce better works. Do you talk to yourself? Don't get embarrassed at admitting it because science has discovered that those who talk to themselves are actually geniuses but not crazies!
Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment in a supermarket where 20 volunteers were shown objects, and were asked to remember them. Half of them were told to repeat the objects, for example, bananas, and the other half remained silent. In the end, the result showed that selfdirected speech aided people to find the objects faster, compared with the silent ones.
“I often talk to myself when searching for something in the refrigerator or on the supermarket shelves，” said Gary Lupyan. This personal experience actually made him conduct this experiment. Lupyan, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, came up with the outcome that those who talk to themselves are geniuses. Here are the reasons：
When you are talking to yourself, your sensory mechanism gets activated. It gets easier on your memory since you can visualise (使……具体化) the word, and you can act accordingly.
Every one of us tends to have various types of thoughts. Most make sense, while the others don't. Suppose you are furious at someone and you feel like killing that person. Now for this issue you won't run to a doctor, will you? No, what you do is lock yourself in a room and mutter to yourself. You are letting go off the anger by talking to yourself about the pros and cons of killing that person, and eventually you calm down. This is a silly thought that you have and are unable to share it with any other person. Psychologist Linda Sapadin said, “It helps you clarify your thoughts, tend to what's important and firm up any decision you are thinking about.”
[写作步骤]
第一步：归纳主旨大意
主旨大意：本篇为说明文。文章的主题是“自言自语的人是天才”。
短文结构分析：全文分为三个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：为导入段，引出自言自语不是问题，事实上自言自语的人是天才；
第二部分(第二、三段)：实验研究的情况；
第三部分(第四、五段)：说明了自言自语的优点——有助于刺激记忆力，使头脑清晰。
第二步：提炼关键词
Part 1：
1.I talk_a_lot_to_myself. It helps me to keep_my_concentration_on_the_activity in hand.
2．Those who talk_to_themselves are actually geniuses but not crazies！
Part 2：
3.Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted_an_experiment in a supermarket where 20 volunteers were shown objects, and were asked to remember them.
4．Lupyan, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, came up with the outcome that those who_talk_to_themselves_are_geniuses.
Part 3：
5.When you are talking to yourself, your sensory mechanism gets_activated. It gets easier on your memory since you can visualise the word.
6．It helps you clarify_your_thoughts.
第三步：合并和改写
1．要点1和2
合并：Talking a lot to oneself helps one focus on the activity in hand and people who like to talk to themselves are supposed to be geniuses.
改写：Talking a lot to oneself helps one focus on what_he_is_doing and people who have_this_habit are actually geniuses.
2．要点3和4
合并：Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment about it and he, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, concluded that those who talk to themselves are geniuses.
改写：Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment about it and he and psychologist Daniel Swigley concluded it's_true.
3．要点5和6
合并：When you are talking to yourself, your memory can be stimulated and it helps you clarify your thoughts.
改写：Talking_to_yourself does good as follows: on the one hand, it stimulates your memory; on_the_other_hand,_it helps you clarify your thoughts.
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：
Talking_a_lot_to_oneself_helps_one_focus_on_what_he_is_doing_and_people_who_have_this_habit_are_actually_geniuses._(要点1)Psychologist_Gary_Lupyan_conducted_an_experiment about_it_and_he_and_psychologist_Daniel_Swigley_concluded_it's_true._(要点2)The experiment_showed_that_talking_to_yourself_does_good_as_follows:_on_the_one_hand,_it_stimulates_your_memory;_on_the_other_hand,_it_helps_you_clarify_your_thoughts.(要点3)
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty (taste) recipes.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned (abandon) bricks of different ages.
3．(2017·浙江高考)Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has_witnessed (witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.
5．(2015·北京高考)These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth (deep) of about 3,300 feet — as far as most light can reach.
6．(2010·湖南高考)The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection (reflect) of cultural difference in facial expressions.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用urge, witness, abandoned, aware of填空)
1．(2018·北京高考完形填空)For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash would be a source (来源) of temptation (诱惑)．But the __16__ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more remarkable.urge
2．(2015·福建高考完形填空)It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became __46__ her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge everything so harshly (刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her life as well.aware_of
3．(2013·江苏高考完形填空)I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia.It was __41__， full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner, rented it, and cleared a corner to camp in.abandoned
4．(2009·浙江高考完形填空)That evening, our group spent hours talking about what we had__30__.Gently, I encouraged everyone to talk about the difficult feelings that day's discoveries had inspired.witnessed
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：海底世界资源丰富，但过度开发会导致污染和破坏，聚焦“坚持生态优先，珍惜海洋资源”的环保理念，提高人们保护海洋资源、和平利用开发海洋的意识。高考围绕此话题进行命题，旨在提高人们的环保意识。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1] She looked up at me sadly, her pain being unbearably obvious.I __1__her as she swam silently around the small pool.The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers (鳍状肢)were filled with cuts and scars.Then she swam slowly to others.
[2] I couldn't help but think these __3__ creatures looked as though they were war heroes wounded in battle, but they weren't.They were just a group of innocent sea turtles that had been injured by __4__ humans.
[3] Earlier that day, students had learned those endangered sea turtles were being __5__ all the time __6__ water pollution, litter, and careless boaters and fishermen.
[4] I had always been conscious of the damage our environment was suffering __7__ I had never truly been given the opportunity to __8__ the devastating (毁灭性的) effects of environmental destruction until I observed that __9__.Seeing a picture or movie of these animals cannot truly sense the __10__ on their faces.Now that I have witnessed the __11__ caused by the pollution and people's carelessness.I try to encourage my friends to __12__ their eating habit, which can __13__ our environment.I am devoted to __14__ time and money to help save endangered animals.We need to start saving our environment now before it's too late.We must fight for those creatures that cannot __15__ for themselves.
语篇解读：作者从一只受伤的小海龟说起，鼓励同伴们改变饮食习惯，捐赠时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物，从而使环境受益。
1．A.recognized B．introduced
C．watched D．satisfied
解析：选C 根据语境，我看着她，她静静地在小池塘里游着。watch“观察，观看”，符合题意。
2．A.strange B．missing
C．shining D．complex
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，这是一只受伤的海龟。此处应该是指左上边的黄色外壳不见了(missing)。
3．A.troublesome B．rare
C．ugly D．unfortunate
解析：选D 根据第一段语境，她左上边的黄色外壳不见了，她的鳍状肢布满了刀伤和伤疤，可知她们是不幸的(unfortunate)。
4．A.skilful B．stubborn
C．intelligent D．careless
解析：选D 根据第三段中“careless boaters and fishermen”可知，这是一群无辜的海龟，被粗心的(careless)人类伤害。
5．A.studied B．discovered
C．killed D．displayed
解析：选C 这些濒临灭绝的海龟因为水污染、乱丢垃圾、粗心大意的渔船和渔民而被杀(killed)。
6．A.because of B．in case of
C．in spite of D．apart from
解析：选A 根据上一题的解析可知，是因为这些原因，故选because of。
7．A.so B．but
C．or D．and
解析：选B 我总能意识到我们的环境所遭受的破坏，但(but)我从来没有真正有机会看到(see)环境破坏后的毁灭性的影响，直到亲眼看到那只受伤的海龟(turtle)。
8．A.see B．predict
C．prevent D．experience
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
9．A.boater B．fisherman
C．visitor D．turtle
解析：选D 参见第7题解析。
10．A.pain B．dirt
C．mask D．sign
解析：选A 看到这些动物的照片或电影不能真正地感觉它们脸上的痛苦(pain)。
11．A.worry B．harm
C．anger D．shame
解析：选B 既然我已经目睹了污染和人们的疏忽造成的伤害(harm)。
12．A.mention B．form
C．change D．check
解析：选C 我试图鼓励我的朋友们改变(change)他们的饮食习惯。
13．A.describe B．witness
C．investigate D．benefit
解析：选D 这样做可以使环境受益，benefit“对……有好处”，符合题意。
14．A.donating B．sharing
C．ignoring D．recording
解析：选A 根据语境是我捐赠(donating)时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物。
15．A.wait B．search
C．care D．fight
解析：选D 我们必须为那些不能为自己而战的生物而战(fight)。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
完形填空技法(6)——克服词汇多义和生义理解不透，力避“望文生义”
在英语中，不少单词有两个甚至多个意思，我们把这种现象称之为一词多义。一词多义是很普遍的语言现象。在完形填空的选项中，有时也出现一些多义词。对这类词的常见意义掌握得不够全面，会给考生在解答完形填空时带来很大的干扰，导致错选。如对第2题选项missing的词义掌握不到位，就容易造成错选。
在复习词汇的过程中，我们要特别关注和积累熟词生义，特别是常用动词及其短语，在解题过程中，注意认真思考，不要“望文生义”。
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