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一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
chase v． identical adj.
imaginary adj. incredible adj.
nonsense n. transparent adj.
fundamental adj. component n.
procedure n. insert v.
controversial adj. valid adj.
optional adj. exceptional adj.
contradictory adj. vice n.
virtue n. flexible adj.
compulsory adj. handy adj.
sow v. suspect n.
sample n. intact adj.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．emotion n． 感情；情绪
2．murder v. 谋杀
3．refuse v. 拒绝
4．contrast v. 对照
5．rush v. 冲，猛冲
6．fear n. 害怕，恐惧
7．cure v. 治愈
8．regulation n. 法规，条例
9．absorb v. 吸收
10．arise v. (问题、困难等)发生，出现
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．terrify v．使惊恐，使受惊吓→terrified adj.恐惧的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的
2．disgust v．使觉得恶心；使厌烦→disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的→disgusted adj.厌恶的；反感的
3．breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸
4．benefit n．好处，利益v.有益于→beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
5．resist vt.抵抗，忍耐；抵制→resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的→resistance n．抵抗
6．analyse v．分析→analysis n．分析
7．accompany v．陪伴，陪同→company n．陪伴，做伴→companion n．同伴，伴侣
8．violent adj.猛烈的，激烈的→violence n．暴力
1.多样的“选择”
①optional adj. 可选择的
②choose v. 选择
③choice n. 选择
④select v. 选择；精选
⑤selection n. 选择；精选
⑥alternative n. 可能的选择
2.人人充满“正能量”
①virtue n． 道德上的优点，善行
②faith n. 信任
③honesty n. 诚实
④bravery n. 勇敢
⑤justice n. 正义
⑥generosity n. 慷慨
3.suspect形近词全扫描
①aspect n． 方面
②expect v. 期望
③inspect v. 检查，视察
④respect n．& vt. 尊敬
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．burn__out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭
2．contrast__with 与……形成对照
3．throw__oneself__on... 扑倒在……上
4．again__and__again 一再，屡次
5．by__mistake 错误地
6．treat...as 把……当成……对待
7．a__sequence__of 一系列的
8．(be)__identical__to 和……一样，与……一致
9．rely__on/upon 依靠，依赖
10．as__follows 如下
11．knock__out 摧毁
12．get__out__of__control 摆脱控制
13．as__far__as__we__know 据我们所知
14．break__down 分解，垮掉
1.“v.＋out”短语面面观
①burn out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭
②hand out 分发；发放
③turn out 生产；结果是
④break out 突发；爆发
⑤look out 当心
2.by相关短语聚会
①by mistake 错误地
②by accident 偶然，碰巧
③by design 故意地
④by chance 偶然，碰巧
3.knock相关短语荟萃
①knock out 摧毁
②knock into 撞上
③knock on/at 敲门
④knock down 撞倒
⑤knock over 撞倒
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：“while＋分词”作状语，表示时间
While__studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to create life.
还在上大学时，他就发现了创造生命的秘密。
句型2：强调句型：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that/who...
It__was__on__a__cold__November__night__that I saw my creation for the first time.
我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。
句型3：wish后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气
I wish I had__not__created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world, I wish I could__disappear！ 但愿我没有制造出这个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失得无影无踪！
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．He is an old farmer. His white hair contrasts(对照) sharply with his dark skin.
2．His age was evident in his gray hair and wrinkled(布满皱纹的) face.
3．He was suspected(怀疑) of stealing the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.
4．She planted the seeds of virtue(善行) in her children when they were young.
5．Laughter is one of the most infectious expressions of emotion(感情；情绪).
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．Misunderstandings arising(arise) from a lack of social communication may lead to serious problems.
7．Nobody knows how he was murdered(murder), but a good many people behind the scenes can guess why.
8．He is only too ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing(refuse) them when they turn to him.
9．He was too absorbed(absorb) in the newspaper to hear the bell of the phone.
10．In the morning, it’s really relaxing for us to have a jogging, breathing(breathe) fresh air in the woods.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.分析__灵活的
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.精神集中的
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.呼吸
4．(2019·江苏卷)Unlike traditional gyms, appbacked gyms offer people flexible options to exercise.选择
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.出现
Ⅲ.选词成篇
burn out; contrast...with; knock out; by mistake; (be) identical to; bring...back to life
The house owner threw his cigarette end into a bag 1.by__mistake. As a result, the fire broke out, which completely 2.knocked__out the house. In fact, many fires are caused by carelessness. However, when we 3.contrast the case with others, we can see such an accident can be avoided.
throw oneself on; treat...as; rely on; as follows; get out of control; as far as we know; break down
One day, the car was running on the road when it suddenly 4.got__out__of__control. It knocked into a tree and 5.broke__down. The driver had to 6.rely__on many local people to help him call the police. The local people were so nice that they 7.treated him as their friend and offered to help. After returning home, he was so tired that he 8.threw__himself__on the bed and fell fast asleep.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．在街上散步的时候，他碰到了自己以前的英语老师。
While__taking__a__walk__in__the__street,__he came across his former English teacher.
2．让我恼怒的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。
It__was__the__way__he__spoke__rather__than__what__he__said__that annoyed me.
3．我多么希望自己知道这道数学题的答案啊！多么希望当初我努力学习、但愿以后我会全身心投入学习。
How I wish I__knew__the__answer__to__the__math__problem! And how I wish I__had__worked__hard at my lessons! I wish I__would__devote__myself__to my study in the future.
beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·北京卷)Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial(benefit) character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
②a.(江苏卷)Today we benefit from/by countless inventions and innovations.
b．(福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)了解唐朝历史将对你很有益。
③Knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be__very__beneficial__to__you．(beneficial)
④Knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be__of__great__benefit__to__you．(benefit n．)
⑤You__will__benefit__a__lot__from/by knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty.(benefit vi.)
(1)be beneficial to...＝be of benefit to ...
对……有益
(2)benefit v. 有利于，对……有益
n. 益处，好处
benefit from/by 从……中获益；得益于
for the benefit of sb.＝ for one’s benefit
为了某人的利益
[名师点津] be＋adj.＋介词to
be accustomed to 习惯于
be addicted to 沉溺于
be opposed to 反对
be devoted to 致力于
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
cure v．治愈；治疗 n．治愈；治疗
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(湖北卷)Many bad habits can be especially difficult to__cure(cure) because they are likely to have been formed at a very young age.
②a.—Has the doctor cured the old woman of her illness?
—No, he had__treated(treat) her but didn’t cure her.
b．(北京卷)Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③在父母和老师的帮助下，我纠正了一些坏的学习习惯，在学习上取得了进步。
With the help of my parents and teachers, I cured__myself__of__some__bad__learning__habits and made progress in my study.
(1)cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病；消除某人的忧虑
a cure for... ……的治疗方法；……的解决方法
(2)treat v. 治疗(强调过程)
treat sb. for... 给某人治……病
[名师点津] 与cure结构相似的词汇：
rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物
inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事
remind sb.of sth. 使某人想起某事
rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物
convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事
resist v．抗拒；对抗；反抗；抵抗；忍住(一般用于否定式)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist taking(take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
②a.(2017·北京卷)The resistance(resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
b．Many young girls aren’t resistant(resist) to some delicious food, so they become fat.
[能力提升]——一句多译
购物时，人们常常忍不住买一些根本不需要的东西。
③When shopping, people often can’t__resist__buying something they don’t really need.(resist)
④When shopping, people often can’t__help__buying something they don’t really need.(help)
(1)resist doing sth. 反对做某事
can’t resist doing sth.＝can’t help doing sth.
无法抗拒做某事；
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；反抗的，抗拒的
resistance n. 抵抗；反对
[佳句背诵] We should resist the temptation of junk food.
我们应该抵制垃圾食品的诱惑。
[名师点津] resist表示“忍住”时，常与表示否定意义的can’t/can hardly/be not able to 连用；resist 后接v.ing形式作宾语，不接不定式。
absorb v．吸收；理解；掌握；吸引(兴趣)；使专心
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.The Smiths were so absorbed(absorb) in watching TV that they didn’t hear the knock on the door.
b．The novel was so absorbing(absorb) that she read on without a break even forgetting food and sleep.
②(北京卷)When deeply absorbed(absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
③(普通表达)Tom was__absorbed__in(专心致志) watching the basketball match and he didn’t notice his classmate coming up to him.
④(高级表达)Absorbed__in__watching__the__basketball__match,__Tom didn’t notice his classmate coming up to him.(分词短语作状语)
(1)absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
(2)absorbed adj. 精神集中的
be absorbed in 专心致志于；全神贯注于
(3)absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
[名师点津] be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。类似的结构还有：be lost in...陷入……，专心致志于……；be caught in...被困在……；be buried in...埋头于……；be devoted to...致力于……，专心于……；be occupied in/with...忙于……；be involved in...专注于……。
break down 分解；(机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；打破，消除
[一词多义]——写出下列句中break down的含义
①(陕西卷)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down.(机器)出故障
②(朗文辞典)If Tim carries on working like this, he’ll break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉
③(湖北卷)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts.分解
④(天津卷)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.消除
⑤(湖北卷)He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.失控
break in 强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴
break into 闯入，破门而入
break out 爆发，突然发生
break through 突破；克服，战胜
break up 解散；结束；拆散
[佳句背诵] Mother broke into my room and told me not to stay up or I would break down.
妈妈闯进我的房间，告诉我不要熬夜了，否则身体会垮掉的。
wish后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气
(教材原句)I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world, I wish I could disappear!
但愿我没有制造出这个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失得无影无踪！
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had(have) a second chance to become more involved.
②(天津卷)I wish I had__been(have) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)I wish to__have(have) a chain of cafes in many different cities.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我真希望在将来我能有更好的学习机会。
I wish that I would__have__a__better__chance to learn in the future.
wish后跟宾语从句时，从句一般使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式如下：
(1)did/were(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)
(2)had done/been(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)
(3)would/could/might＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)
[名师点津]
wish还可用于以下结构：wish to do sth.希望做某事；wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事；wish for sth.希望得到某物；wish sb.＋n./adj. 祝愿某人……
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．(安徽卷)While waiting(wait) for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty.
2．She refused to__accept(accept) the fact that there was a financial problem.
3．I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I had__taken(take) my teacher’s advice.
4．Absorbed(absorb) in her work, she didn’t realize it was time for her to pick up her daughter.
5．Sometimes we can’t resist being__persuaded(persuade) to buy things that we don’t need at all.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．Scientists are still wondering how it is that the Egyptians built the pyramids so long ago.
2．The method of learning English which my teacher introduced to me is very useful and I believe I can benefit from/by it.
3．The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
4．She was so nervous that she put some salt in my cup of coffee by mistake.
5．As far as I know, you can rely on it that the children will share feelings and ideas with their friends.
维度三 派生词练习
1．He took a deep breath to breathe the fresh air.(breath)
2．When they saw the terrifying scene, everyone on the spot felt terrified and couldn’t say a word.(terrify)
3．This new railway benefits this area in many ways. It is beneficial to the people living in this area. For the benefit of more people, we should build more railways.(benefit)
4．The dog is a good companion and it keeps the little girl company all the time, and even accompanies her to school.(accompany)
5．We were all surprised at his acts of violence. Maybe he was exposed to too many violent scenes in the films.(violent)
维度四 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．他长大了，不再凡事都依赖父母了。(rely)
He is old enough and doesn’t__rely__on his parents for everything.
2．我希望我有双翅膀而且能够飞到你家去。(wish)
I__wish__that__I__had__wings and could fly to your home.
3．Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.
→So__absorbed__was__Tom__in__his__work that he forgot to inform her of it.(倒装句)
→Absorbed__in__his__work,__Tom forgot to inform her of it.(分词短语作状语)
4．If you don’t change your mind, the situation will be beyond control.
→If you don’t change your mind, the situation will be out__of__control．
→If you don’t change your mind, you will lose__control__of the situation.
5．在日常生活中，信用卡给我们带来了极大的益处。
①The credit cards are__of__great__benefit__to__us in the daily life.(benefit n．)
②The credit cards are__very__beneficial__to__us in the daily life.(beneficial)
③The credit cards benefit__us__a__lot in the daily life.(benefit vt.)
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
There are always discussions about whether cloning should be developed. Opinions vary. Some people argue that cloning should 1.be__encouraged(encourage) because it is part of the progress of science, 2.which has brought us a sequence of 3.benefits(benefit). We have good reasons to think we can rely on cloning 4.to__cure(cure) many diseases and bring the patients back 5.to life. What’s more, it is handy to help the police find suspects with cloning, 6.decreasing(decrease) crimes and murders. However, 7.contrasted(contrast) with the above, others resist cloning because it still has too many unsolved 8.terrifying(terrify) problems and causes disgusting results associated with it, such as violence and ethical issues(伦理问题). In my opinion, since cloning is such a new gene technology, we must treat it 9.as a serious topic. It could benefit us a lot as long as we avoid using it 10.illegally(illegal)．
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，请根据以下要点，写一篇短文陈述克隆的利弊。
优点：
①帮助治愈某些疾病；
②帮助灭绝的物种复活。
缺点：制造出怪物。
你的观点：……
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①对于是否发展克隆技术的讨论很激烈，不同的观点如下。
There has been a heated discussion about whether cloning technique should be developed. Opinions are as__follows．
②有些人认为克隆有益于人类。他们认为人们可以依靠这项技术治愈一些疾病。
Some think cloning is__beneficial__to human beings. They think people can rely__on__this__technology__to__cure__some__diseases．
③克隆能帮助已经灭绝的物种复活。
Cloning can help bring__extinct__species__back__to__life．
④其他人不这么认为。他们害怕如果克隆失去控制，会出现许多可怕的问题。(虚拟语气)
Others think otherwise. They fear__that__if__cloning__got__out__of__control,__many__terrifying__problems__would__arise．
⑤科学家错误地创造出怪物，这也许会毁灭我们的世界。
Scientists may create monsters by__mistake,__and that may knock__out our world.
⑥就我所知，克隆并非完美。我希望能采取措施抵制广泛使用克隆。(虚拟语气)
As__far__as__I__know,__cloning is not perfect. I__wish that measures could__be__taken__to__resist__using__it__widely．
2．升级平淡句
⑦用非限制性定语从句升级句⑤
Scientists__may__create__monsters__by__mistake,__which__may__knock__out__our__world.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：for one thing，for another, however, for example, therefore)
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One possible version：
There has been a heated discussion about whether cloning technique should be developed. Opinions are as follows.
Some think cloning is beneficial to human beings. They think, for one thing, people can rely on this technology to cure some diseases. For another, cloning can help bring extinct species back to life. However, others think otherwise. They fear that if cloning got out of control, many terrifying problems would arise. For example, scientists may create monsters by mistake, which may knock out our world.
As far as I know, cloning is not perfect. Therefore, I wish that measures could be taken to resist using it widely.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·郑州第一次质量预测)If you’ve ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man’s best friend”. But a dog’s life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.
Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.
To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb(子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.
The whole process takes a very short time, but it comes at a shockingly high price—around ￡ 63，000. But if you can’t afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.
However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian(斑点狗) clone will be different, for example，” Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.
Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.
Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all. Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了克隆狗技术。
1．What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?
A．Making copies of pet dogs.
B．Giving pet dogs identical twins.
C．Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.
D．Helping dog owners love their dogs more.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.”可知，这家公司所提供的服务就是克隆已逝的宠物狗，故选A。
2．Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?
a．An egg is taken from another dog.
b．A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.
c．The egg grows into a puppy in two months.
d．The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.
e．The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.
A．a→d→b→e→c. B．a→e→b→d→c.
C．b→a→d→e→c. D．b→a→e→d→c.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，实验的第一步是从狗身上提取皮肤细胞，另一只被选择的狗提供一个卵子，将卵子中的DNA替换成皮肤细胞中的DNA之后，将卵子植入一只母狗的子宫，最后卵子在接下来的两个月中生长为一只小狗，故选D。
3．What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?
A．It has not been put into practice until recently.
B．It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.
C．It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.
D．It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one.”可知，克隆狗和原来的狗可能并非完全一样，故选 C。
4．What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?
A．He disagrees with it.
B．He supports it.
C．He is curious about it.
D．He thinks it unbelievable.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段Kirkwood说的话“An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”可知，他认为人类和宠物狗之间的关系的一个重要方面是要接受失去它们的痛苦。由此可推知，Kirkwood并不赞成克隆狗，故选A。
B
(2020·石家庄重点高中摸底)Many Canadians are aware that problems with the nation’s health care system have resulted in a lack of hospital beds and medical equipment, overcrowded emergency rooms, long waiting lists, and not enough family doctors.
Over the last 10 years, the number of medical students choosing the family practice as their lifelong career has been dropping at a surprising rate. When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite(援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice. As in other kinds of work, young doctors today want a balance between their professional and personal lives.
In British Columbia(BC) this problem is made worse because the province produces fewer medical graduates for each person than any other province in Canada. The provincial government has committed itself to doubling the number of medical student graduates. This strategy doesn’t come close to giving us the new doctors needed each year in BC to replace those who are retiring, moving out of the province, reducing their hours of practice, or dying.
The primary care system is showing its cracks. Ten years ago, 2，030 of BC’s family doctors were providing obstetrical(产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service. Although delivering babies is a “good news” area of medicine, the hours are long, but the reward for bringing new life into the world is modest. It’s no surprise, then, that many of BC’s family doctors are no longer taking on new patients. In 1999, there were 1，420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of 58%.
The foundation of primary care needs to be strengthened. The Working Agreement between the doctors and the government includes a series of primary care renewal projects designed to make the family practice more attractive to medical graduates, improve upon working conditions, and entice family doctors from outside BC to start their business here. Yet still more needs to be done.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题。
5．What makes medical students unwilling to be family physicians?
A．The student debt and long working hours.
B．Long term of study at a medical school.
C．A limited number of places in the medical school.
D．An increasing number of patients and long waiting lists for specialists.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite(援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice.”可知，学生债务负担和工作时间长成为阻碍医科学生选择成为家庭医生的两大障碍，故选A。
6．What does the text say about family doctors in BC?
A．They are no longer needed.
B．They are too few in number.
C．They will soon become abundant.
D．They are rapidly leaving the province.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“Ten years ago, 2，030 of BC’s family doctors were providing obstetrical(产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service.”，并结合本段最后一句“In 1999, there were 1，420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of 58%.”可知，在BC，家庭医生的数量在急剧下降，缺口很大，故选B。
7．Which can replace the underlined word “entice” in the last paragraph?
A．Forbid. B．Hire.
C．Remind. D．Attract.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的关键词“attractive”和“improve”可推知，画线词在此处的含义与D项“吸引”相近，故选D。
8．What is the primary purpose of the text?
A．To show sympathy for family doctors.
B．To inspire young people to be family doctors.
C．To stress the urgent need of more family doctors.
D．To tell the disadvantages of being family doctors.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段的点题，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题，故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟)I first discovered Café Gratitude several months ago. My friend Dr. Heather invited me to __1__ her for lunch. Heather had __2__ moved to Los Angeles, and we would discuss the project we were doing. As we sat down and were __3__ the delicious vegetarian menu, the server who came to take our __4__ asked us the question of the day, “What are you grateful for？”
I felt a familiar stir(震动) in my chest, and my eyes began to water. __5__ a pause, Heather __6__ her hand out to me and said that it was with me. I expressed my gratitude to be with her __7__， enjoying this moment of our shared __8__ and her new start in Los Angeles. After a delicious lunch, I decided to stay a while longer __9__ the question had inspired me to meet the coowner, Ryland. Pauses or __10__ in life are a very good time to listen to what’s __11__ on inside of our hearts.
When Ryland came over to my __12__ with his big smile, his title of Chief Inspiration Officer seemed very __13__ for his personality. He gave me his __14__ attention as he opened his heart to listen. I told him how I wanted to help him open more __15__ so there could be more places to eat and help spread this __16__ of “being generous and grateful every day”. Since that __17__， Café Gratitude has been my favorite place to eat.
What a rewarding and meaningful experience! And I’ve since learned that Café Gratitude __18__ business through what they call “Sacred Commerce” where they provide inspired service, and express __19__ for the richness of our lives. A simple question that day __20__ me down new paths and gave me new friendships.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”应邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐馆”共进午餐，当服务员问我们“我们感激什么”时，“我”和“我”的朋友都认为那一刻彼此的陪伴让我们感激。这一简单的问题让“我”有了新的人生感悟……
1．A.attend B．accompany
C．involve D．find
B 解析：根据语境可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐。B项意为“陪伴”，故B项正确。A项意为“参加，看护”，C项意为“使卷入，涉及”，D项意为“找到”，都与语境不符。
2．A.even B．ever
C．seldom D．just
D 解析：根据上文可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐；结合常识和该句中“had______moved to Los Angeles”以及下文中的“her new start in Los Angeles”可推知，“我”的朋友Heather刚迁到洛杉矶。D项意为“刚刚”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“甚至”，B项意为“曾经”，C项意为“很少”，都与语境不符。
3．A.looking B．testing
C．planning D．studying
D 解析：根据空后的“delicious vegetarian menu”及常识可知，我们坐下后开始仔细察看菜单。D项意为“仔细察看”，故D项正确。A项意为“看”，B项意为“测试”，C项意为“计划”，都与语境不符。
4．A.space B．time
C．order D．place
C 解析：根据该句中的“the server who came to take”及常识可以推知，服务员过来为我们点餐。C项意为“点菜”，故C项正确。A项意为“空间”，B项意为“时间”，D项意为“地方”，都与语境不符。
5．A.Without B．Despite
C．In terms of D．Regardless of
A 解析：根据语境可知，Heather毫无(Without)停顿地向“我”伸(reached)出手，说和“我”在一起让她很感激。
6．A.reached B．shook
C．clapped D．stuck
A 解析：参见上题解析。reach意为“伸，伸手(以碰触或提起某物)”，故A项正确。B项意为“摇动”，C项意为“鼓掌”，D项意为“粘，贴”，都与语境不符。
7．A.either B．as well as
C．also D．too
D 解析：根据上文的内容及该句中的“I expressed my gratitude to be with her”可知，“我”也为和她在一起表达了感激。too“也”，通常用于肯定句句末，故D项正确。
8．A.project B．seat
C．honesty D．friendship
D 解析：根据上文可知，我们都表达了对彼此陪伴的感激；再结合该句中的“shared”可以推知，我们享受着共同的友谊时光。D项意为“友谊”，故D项正确。A项意为“项目”；B项意为“座位”；C项意为“诚实”。
9．A.so B．as
C．if D．before
B 解析：空处前一句是说，午饭后“我”想多待上一会儿；空处后一句说，这个问题使“我”想要和餐厅老板Ryland见上一面，据此可知，空前为果，空后为因，故as“因为”正确。
10．A.action B．delays
C．hurry D．dreams
B 解析：根据语境可知，空处与“Pauses”对应，应为其同义词语，故delays“延迟”符合语境。A项意为“行动”，C项意为“匆忙”，D项意为“梦想”，都与语境不符。
11．A.looking B．insisting
C．going D．agreeing
C 解析：根据语境可知，暂停和延迟是生活中很好的一个时刻去倾听我们内心进行的活动。go on意为“发生”，为固定搭配，符合语境，故C项正确。
12．A.company B．table
C．house D．car
B 解析：根据语境可知，Ryland微笑着走近“我”的餐桌旁。B项意为“桌子”，故B项正确。A项意为“公司”，C项意为“房子”，D项意为“汽车”，都与语境不符。
13．A.suitable B．ready
C．eager D．anxious
A 解析：根据语境可知，他微笑着，看起来他“首席灵感官”的头衔和他的个性很匹配。be suitable for为固定搭配，意为“适合于……”，故A项正确。B项意为“准备好的”，C项意为“渴望的”，D项意为“急切的”，都与语境不符。
14．A.simple B．full
C．urgent D．regular
B 解析：根据语境可知，他敞开心扉倾听，全身心注意着“我”。B项意为“完全的”，故B项正确。A项意为“简单的”；C项意为“紧急的”；D项意为“经常的”。
15．A.hotels B．schools
C．clubs D．restaurants
D 解析：根据空后的“more places to eat”可推知，“我”想要帮助他开更多的饭店，这样的话就有更多的地方就餐并传播他“每天要慷慨并感恩”的理念。D项意为“饭店”，故D项正确。A项意为“宾馆”；B项意为“学校”；C项意为“俱乐部”。
16．A.lesson B．note
C．message D．lecture
C 解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“课”，B项意为“便条”，D项意为“讲座”，都与语境不符。
17．A.meeting B．performance
C．act D．vacation
A 解析：根据上文中的“meet the coowner”并结合语境可知，自从那次见面以来，“感恩餐馆”就成了“我”最喜爱去就餐的地方。A项意为“会面”，故A项正确。B项意为“表演”；C项意为“行动”；D项意为“假期”。
18．A.trains B．practices
C．reviews D．concludes
B 解析：根据语境可知，“感恩餐馆”通过他们的这种商业模式实践他们的业务。B项意为“实践”，故B项正确。A项意为“培训”，C项意为“审查”，D项意为“总结”，都与语境不符。
19．A.explanation B．appreciation
C．consideration D．application
B 解析：根据语境可知，他们向我们生命的丰足表达了感激。B项意为“感激”，故B项正确。A项意为“解释”；C项意为“考虑”；D项意为“申请”。
20．A.surprised B．led
C．returned D．held
B 解析：根据语境可知，那天的一个简单的问题，引导“我”走上新的道路，给了“我”新的友谊(关系)。B项意为“引领”，故B项正确。A项意为“使惊奇”；C项意为“归还”；D项意为“抓住，握住”。
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
chase v． identical adj.
imaginary adj. incredible adj.
nonsense n. transparent adj.
fundamental adj. component n.
procedure n. insert v.
controversial adj. valid adj.
optional adj. exceptional adj.
contradictory adj. vice n.
virtue n. flexible adj.
compulsory adj. handy adj.
sow v. suspect n.
sample n. intact adj.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．emotion n． 感情；情绪
2．murder v. 谋杀
3．refuse v. 拒绝
4．contrast v. 对照
5．rush v. 冲，猛冲
6．fear n. 害怕，恐惧
7．cure v. 治愈
8．regulation n. 法规，条例
9．absorb v. 吸收
10．arise v. (问题、困难等)发生，出现
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．terrify v．使惊恐，使受惊吓→terrified adj.恐惧的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的
2．disgust v．使觉得恶心；使厌烦→disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的→disgusted adj.厌恶的；反感的
3．breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸
4．benefit n．好处，利益v.有益于→beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
5．resist vt.抵抗，忍耐；抵制→resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的→resistance n．抵抗
6．analyse v．分析→analysis n．分析
7．accompany v．陪伴，陪同→company n．陪伴，做伴→companion n．同伴，伴侣
8．violent adj.猛烈的，激烈的→violence n．暴力
1.多样的“选择”
①optional adj. 可选择的
②choose v. 选择
③choice n. 选择
④select v. 选择；精选
⑤selection n. 选择；精选
⑥alternative n. 可能的选择
2.人人充满“正能量”
①virtue n． 道德上的优点，善行
②faith n. 信任
③honesty n. 诚实
④bravery n. 勇敢
⑤justice n. 正义
⑥generosity n. 慷慨
3.suspect形近词全扫描
①aspect n． 方面
②expect v. 期望
③inspect v. 检查，视察
④respect n．& vt. 尊敬
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．burn__out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭
2．contrast__with 与……形成对照
3．throw__oneself__on... 扑倒在……上
4．again__and__again 一再，屡次
5．by__mistake 错误地
6．treat...as 把……当成……对待
7．a__sequence__of 一系列的
8．(be)__identical__to 和……一样，与……一致
9．rely__on/upon 依靠，依赖
10．as__follows 如下
11．knock__out 摧毁
12．get__out__of__control 摆脱控制
13．as__far__as__we__know 据我们所知
14．break__down 分解，垮掉
1.“v.＋out”短语面面观
①burn out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭
②hand out 分发；发放
③turn out 生产；结果是
④break out 突发；爆发
⑤look out 当心
2.by相关短语聚会
①by mistake 错误地
②by accident 偶然，碰巧
③by design 故意地
④by chance 偶然，碰巧
3.knock相关短语荟萃
①knock out 摧毁
②knock into 撞上
③knock on/at 敲门
④knock down 撞倒
⑤knock over 撞倒
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：“while＋分词”作状语，表示时间
While__studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to create life.
还在上大学时，他就发现了创造生命的秘密。
句型2：强调句型：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that/who...
It__was__on__a__cold__November__night__that I saw my creation for the first time.
我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。
句型3：wish后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气
I wish I had__not__created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world, I wish I could__disappear！ 但愿我没有制造出这个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失得无影无踪！
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．He is an old farmer. His white hair contrasts(对照) sharply with his dark skin.
2．His age was evident in his gray hair and wrinkled(布满皱纹的) face.
3．He was suspected(怀疑) of stealing the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.
4．She planted the seeds of virtue(善行) in her children when they were young.
5．Laughter is one of the most infectious expressions of emotion(感情；情绪).
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．Misunderstandings arising(arise) from a lack of social communication may lead to serious problems.
7．Nobody knows how he was murdered(murder), but a good many people behind the scenes can guess why.
8．He is only too ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing(refuse) them when they turn to him.
9．He was too absorbed(absorb) in the newspaper to hear the bell of the phone.
10．In the morning, it’s really relaxing for us to have a jogging, breathing(breathe) fresh air in the woods.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.分析__灵活的
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.精神集中的
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.呼吸
4．(2019·江苏卷)Unlike traditional gyms, appbacked gyms offer people flexible options to exercise.选择
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.出现
Ⅲ.选词成篇
burn out; contrast...with; knock out; by mistake; (be) identical to; bring...back to life
The house owner threw his cigarette end into a bag 1.by__mistake. As a result, the fire broke out, which completely 2.knocked__out the house. In fact, many fires are caused by carelessness. However, when we 3.contrast the case with others, we can see such an accident can be avoided.
throw oneself on; treat...as; rely on; as follows; get out of control; as far as we know; break down
One day, the car was running on the road when it suddenly 4.got__out__of__control. It knocked into a tree and 5.broke__down. The driver had to 6.rely__on many local people to help him call the police. The local people were so nice that they 7.treated him as their friend and offered to help. After returning home, he was so tired that he 8.threw__himself__on the bed and fell fast asleep.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．在街上散步的时候，他碰到了自己以前的英语老师。
While__taking__a__walk__in__the__street,__he came across his former English teacher.
2．让我恼怒的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。
It__was__the__way__he__spoke__rather__than__what__he__said__that annoyed me.
3．我多么希望自己知道这道数学题的答案啊！多么希望当初我努力学习、但愿以后我会全身心投入学习。
How I wish I__knew__the__answer__to__the__math__problem! And how I wish I__had__worked__hard at my lessons! I wish I__would__devote__myself__to my study in the future.
beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·北京卷)Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial(benefit) character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
②a.(江苏卷)Today we benefit from/by countless inventions and innovations.
b．(福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)了解唐朝历史将对你很有益。
③Knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be__very__beneficial__to__you．(beneficial)
④Knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be__of__great__benefit__to__you．(benefit n．)
⑤You__will__benefit__a__lot__from/by knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty.(benefit vi.)
(1)be beneficial to...＝be of benefit to ...
对……有益
(2)benefit v. 有利于，对……有益
n. 益处，好处
benefit from/by 从……中获益；得益于
for the benefit of sb.＝ for one’s benefit
为了某人的利益
[名师点津] be＋adj.＋介词to
be accustomed to 习惯于
be addicted to 沉溺于
be opposed to 反对
be devoted to 致力于
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
cure v．治愈；治疗 n．治愈；治疗
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(湖北卷)Many bad habits can be especially difficult to__cure(cure) because they are likely to have been formed at a very young age.
②a.—Has the doctor cured the old woman of her illness?
—No, he had__treated(treat) her but didn’t cure her.
b．(北京卷)Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③在父母和老师的帮助下，我纠正了一些坏的学习习惯，在学习上取得了进步。
With the help of my parents and teachers, I cured__myself__of__some__bad__learning__habits and made progress in my study.
(1)cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病；消除某人的忧虑
a cure for... ……的治疗方法；……的解决方法
(2)treat v. 治疗(强调过程)
treat sb. for... 给某人治……病
[名师点津] 与cure结构相似的词汇：
rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物
inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事
remind sb.of sth. 使某人想起某事
rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物
convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事
resist v．抗拒；对抗；反抗；抵抗；忍住(一般用于否定式)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist taking(take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
②a.(2017·北京卷)The resistance(resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
b．Many young girls aren’t resistant(resist) to some delicious food, so they become fat.
[能力提升]——一句多译
购物时，人们常常忍不住买一些根本不需要的东西。
③When shopping, people often can’t__resist__buying something they don’t really need.(resist)
④When shopping, people often can’t__help__buying something they don’t really need.(help)
(1)resist doing sth. 反对做某事
can’t resist doing sth.＝can’t help doing sth.
无法抗拒做某事；
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；反抗的，抗拒的
resistance n. 抵抗；反对
[佳句背诵] We should resist the temptation of junk food.
我们应该抵制垃圾食品的诱惑。
[名师点津] resist表示“忍住”时，常与表示否定意义的can’t/can hardly/be not able to 连用；resist 后接v.ing形式作宾语，不接不定式。
absorb v．吸收；理解；掌握；吸引(兴趣)；使专心
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.The Smiths were so absorbed(absorb) in watching TV that they didn’t hear the knock on the door.
b．The novel was so absorbing(absorb) that she read on without a break even forgetting food and sleep.
②(北京卷)When deeply absorbed(absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
③(普通表达)Tom was__absorbed__in(专心致志) watching the basketball match and he didn’t notice his classmate coming up to him.
④(高级表达)Absorbed__in__watching__the__basketball__match,__Tom didn’t notice his classmate coming up to him.(分词短语作状语)
(1)absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
(2)absorbed adj. 精神集中的
be absorbed in 专心致志于；全神贯注于
(3)absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
[名师点津] be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。类似的结构还有：be lost in...陷入……，专心致志于……；be caught in...被困在……；be buried in...埋头于……；be devoted to...致力于……，专心于……；be occupied in/with...忙于……；be involved in...专注于……。
break down 分解；(机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；打破，消除
[一词多义]——写出下列句中break down的含义
①(陕西卷)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down.(机器)出故障
②(朗文辞典)If Tim carries on working like this, he’ll break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉
③(湖北卷)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts.分解
④(天津卷)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.消除
⑤(湖北卷)He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.失控
break in 强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴
break into 闯入，破门而入
break out 爆发，突然发生
break through 突破；克服，战胜
break up 解散；结束；拆散
[佳句背诵] Mother broke into my room and told me not to stay up or I would break down.
妈妈闯进我的房间，告诉我不要熬夜了，否则身体会垮掉的。
wish后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气
(教材原句)I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world, I wish I could disappear!
但愿我没有制造出这个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失得无影无踪！
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had(have) a second chance to become more involved.
②(天津卷)I wish I had__been(have) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)I wish to__have(have) a chain of cafes in many different cities.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我真希望在将来我能有更好的学习机会。
I wish that I would__have__a__better__chance to learn in the future.
wish后跟宾语从句时，从句一般使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式如下：
(1)did/were(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)
(2)had done/been(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)
(3)would/could/might＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)
[名师点津]
wish还可用于以下结构：wish to do sth.希望做某事；wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事；wish for sth.希望得到某物；wish sb.＋n./adj. 祝愿某人……
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．(安徽卷)While waiting(wait) for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty.
2．She refused to__accept(accept) the fact that there was a financial problem.
3．I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I had__taken(take) my teacher’s advice.
4．Absorbed(absorb) in her work, she didn’t realize it was time for her to pick up her daughter.
5．Sometimes we can’t resist being__persuaded(persuade) to buy things that we don’t need at all.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．Scientists are still wondering how it is that the Egyptians built the pyramids so long ago.
2．The method of learning English which my teacher introduced to me is very useful and I believe I can benefit from/by it.
3．The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
4．She was so nervous that she put some salt in my cup of coffee by mistake.
5．As far as I know, you can rely on it that the children will share feelings and ideas with their friends.
维度三 派生词练习
1．He took a deep breath to breathe the fresh air.(breath)
2．When they saw the terrifying scene, everyone on the spot felt terrified and couldn’t say a word.(terrify)
3．This new railway benefits this area in many ways. It is beneficial to the people living in this area. For the benefit of more people, we should build more railways.(benefit)
4．The dog is a good companion and it keeps the little girl company all the time, and even accompanies her to school.(accompany)
5．We were all surprised at his acts of violence. Maybe he was exposed to too many violent scenes in the films.(violent)
维度四 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．他长大了，不再凡事都依赖父母了。(rely)
He is old enough and doesn’t__rely__on his parents for everything.
2．我希望我有双翅膀而且能够飞到你家去。(wish)
I__wish__that__I__had__wings and could fly to your home.
3．Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.
→So__absorbed__was__Tom__in__his__work that he forgot to inform her of it.(倒装句)
→Absorbed__in__his__work,__Tom forgot to inform her of it.(分词短语作状语)
4．If you don’t change your mind, the situation will be beyond control.
→If you don’t change your mind, the situation will be out__of__control．
→If you don’t change your mind, you will lose__control__of the situation.
5．在日常生活中，信用卡给我们带来了极大的益处。
①The credit cards are__of__great__benefit__to__us in the daily life.(benefit n．)
②The credit cards are__very__beneficial__to__us in the daily life.(beneficial)
③The credit cards benefit__us__a__lot in the daily life.(benefit vt.)
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
There are always discussions about whether cloning should be developed. Opinions vary. Some people argue that cloning should 1.be__encouraged(encourage) because it is part of the progress of science, 2.which has brought us a sequence of 3.benefits(benefit). We have good reasons to think we can rely on cloning 4.to__cure(cure) many diseases and bring the patients back 5.to life. What’s more, it is handy to help the police find suspects with cloning, 6.decreasing(decrease) crimes and murders. However, 7.contrasted(contrast) with the above, others resist cloning because it still has too many unsolved 8.terrifying(terrify) problems and causes disgusting results associated with it, such as violence and ethical issues(伦理问题). In my opinion, since cloning is such a new gene technology, we must treat it 9.as a serious topic. It could benefit us a lot as long as we avoid using it 10.illegally(illegal)．
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，请根据以下要点，写一篇短文陈述克隆的利弊。
优点：
①帮助治愈某些疾病；
②帮助灭绝的物种复活。
缺点：制造出怪物。
你的观点：……
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①对于是否发展克隆技术的讨论很激烈，不同的观点如下。
There has been a heated discussion about whether cloning technique should be developed. Opinions are as__follows．
②有些人认为克隆有益于人类。他们认为人们可以依靠这项技术治愈一些疾病。
Some think cloning is__beneficial__to human beings. They think people can rely__on__this__technology__to__cure__some__diseases．
③克隆能帮助已经灭绝的物种复活。
Cloning can help bring__extinct__species__back__to__life．
④其他人不这么认为。他们害怕如果克隆失去控制，会出现许多可怕的问题。(虚拟语气)
Others think otherwise. They fear__that__if__cloning__got__out__of__control,__many__terrifying__problems__would__arise．
⑤科学家错误地创造出怪物，这也许会毁灭我们的世界。
Scientists may create monsters by__mistake,__and that may knock__out our world.
⑥就我所知，克隆并非完美。我希望能采取措施抵制广泛使用克隆。(虚拟语气)
As__far__as__I__know,__cloning is not perfect. I__wish that measures could__be__taken__to__resist__using__it__widely．
2．升级平淡句
⑦用非限制性定语从句升级句⑤
Scientists__may__create__monsters__by__mistake,__which__may__knock__out__our__world.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：for one thing，for another, however, for example, therefore)
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One possible version：
There has been a heated discussion about whether cloning technique should be developed. Opinions are as follows.
Some think cloning is beneficial to human beings. They think, for one thing, people can rely on this technology to cure some diseases. For another, cloning can help bring extinct species back to life. However, others think otherwise. They fear that if cloning got out of control, many terrifying problems would arise. For example, scientists may create monsters by mistake, which may knock out our world.
As far as I know, cloning is not perfect. Therefore, I wish that measures could be taken to resist using it widely.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·郑州第一次质量预测)If you’ve ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man’s best friend”. But a dog’s life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.
Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.
To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb(子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.
The whole process takes a very short time, but it comes at a shockingly high price—around ￡ 63，000. But if you can’t afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.
However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian(斑点狗) clone will be different, for example，” Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.
Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.
Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all. Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了克隆狗技术。
1．What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?
A．Making copies of pet dogs.
B．Giving pet dogs identical twins.
C．Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.
D．Helping dog owners love their dogs more.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.”可知，这家公司所提供的服务就是克隆已逝的宠物狗，故选A。
2．Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?
a．An egg is taken from another dog.
b．A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.
c．The egg grows into a puppy in two months.
d．The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.
e．The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.
A．a→d→b→e→c. B．a→e→b→d→c.
C．b→a→d→e→c. D．b→a→e→d→c.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，实验的第一步是从狗身上提取皮肤细胞，另一只被选择的狗提供一个卵子，将卵子中的DNA替换成皮肤细胞中的DNA之后，将卵子植入一只母狗的子宫，最后卵子在接下来的两个月中生长为一只小狗，故选D。
3．What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?
A．It has not been put into practice until recently.
B．It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.
C．It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.
D．It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one.”可知，克隆狗和原来的狗可能并非完全一样，故选 C。
4．What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?
A．He disagrees with it.
B．He supports it.
C．He is curious about it.
D．He thinks it unbelievable.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段Kirkwood说的话“An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”可知，他认为人类和宠物狗之间的关系的一个重要方面是要接受失去它们的痛苦。由此可推知，Kirkwood并不赞成克隆狗，故选A。
B
(2020·石家庄重点高中摸底)Many Canadians are aware that problems with the nation’s health care system have resulted in a lack of hospital beds and medical equipment, overcrowded emergency rooms, long waiting lists, and not enough family doctors.
Over the last 10 years, the number of medical students choosing the family practice as their lifelong career has been dropping at a surprising rate. When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite(援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice. As in other kinds of work, young doctors today want a balance between their professional and personal lives.
In British Columbia(BC) this problem is made worse because the province produces fewer medical graduates for each person than any other province in Canada. The provincial government has committed itself to doubling the number of medical student graduates. This strategy doesn’t come close to giving us the new doctors needed each year in BC to replace those who are retiring, moving out of the province, reducing their hours of practice, or dying.
The primary care system is showing its cracks. Ten years ago, 2，030 of BC’s family doctors were providing obstetrical(产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service. Although delivering babies is a “good news” area of medicine, the hours are long, but the reward for bringing new life into the world is modest. It’s no surprise, then, that many of BC’s family doctors are no longer taking on new patients. In 1999, there were 1，420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of 58%.
The foundation of primary care needs to be strengthened. The Working Agreement between the doctors and the government includes a series of primary care renewal projects designed to make the family practice more attractive to medical graduates, improve upon working conditions, and entice family doctors from outside BC to start their business here. Yet still more needs to be done.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题。
5．What makes medical students unwilling to be family physicians?
A．The student debt and long working hours.
B．Long term of study at a medical school.
C．A limited number of places in the medical school.
D．An increasing number of patients and long waiting lists for specialists.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite(援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice.”可知，学生债务负担和工作时间长成为阻碍医科学生选择成为家庭医生的两大障碍，故选A。
6．What does the text say about family doctors in BC?
A．They are no longer needed.
B．They are too few in number.
C．They will soon become abundant.
D．They are rapidly leaving the province.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“Ten years ago, 2，030 of BC’s family doctors were providing obstetrical(产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service.”，并结合本段最后一句“In 1999, there were 1，420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of 58%.”可知，在BC，家庭医生的数量在急剧下降，缺口很大，故选B。
7．Which can replace the underlined word “entice” in the last paragraph?
A．Forbid. B．Hire.
C．Remind. D．Attract.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的关键词“attractive”和“improve”可推知，画线词在此处的含义与D项“吸引”相近，故选D。
8．What is the primary purpose of the text?
A．To show sympathy for family doctors.
B．To inspire young people to be family doctors.
C．To stress the urgent need of more family doctors.
D．To tell the disadvantages of being family doctors.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段的点题，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题，故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟)I first discovered Café Gratitude several months ago. My friend Dr. Heather invited me to __1__ her for lunch. Heather had __2__ moved to Los Angeles, and we would discuss the project we were doing. As we sat down and were __3__ the delicious vegetarian menu, the server who came to take our __4__ asked us the question of the day, “What are you grateful for？”
I felt a familiar stir(震动) in my chest, and my eyes began to water. __5__ a pause, Heather __6__ her hand out to me and said that it was with me. I expressed my gratitude to be with her __7__， enjoying this moment of our shared __8__ and her new start in Los Angeles. After a delicious lunch, I decided to stay a while longer __9__ the question had inspired me to meet the coowner, Ryland. Pauses or __10__ in life are a very good time to listen to what’s __11__ on inside of our hearts.
When Ryland came over to my __12__ with his big smile, his title of Chief Inspiration Officer seemed very __13__ for his personality. He gave me his __14__ attention as he opened his heart to listen. I told him how I wanted to help him open more __15__ so there could be more places to eat and help spread this __16__ of “being generous and grateful every day”. Since that __17__， Café Gratitude has been my favorite place to eat.
What a rewarding and meaningful experience! And I’ve since learned that Café Gratitude __18__ business through what they call “Sacred Commerce” where they provide inspired service, and express __19__ for the richness of our lives. A simple question that day __20__ me down new paths and gave me new friendships.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”应邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐馆”共进午餐，当服务员问我们“我们感激什么”时，“我”和“我”的朋友都认为那一刻彼此的陪伴让我们感激。这一简单的问题让“我”有了新的人生感悟……
1．A.attend B．accompany
C．involve D．find
B 解析：根据语境可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐。B项意为“陪伴”，故B项正确。A项意为“参加，看护”，C项意为“使卷入，涉及”，D项意为“找到”，都与语境不符。
2．A.even B．ever
C．seldom D．just
D 解析：根据上文可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐；结合常识和该句中“had______moved to Los Angeles”以及下文中的“her new start in Los Angeles”可推知，“我”的朋友Heather刚迁到洛杉矶。D项意为“刚刚”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“甚至”，B项意为“曾经”，C项意为“很少”，都与语境不符。
3．A.looking B．testing
C．planning D．studying
D 解析：根据空后的“delicious vegetarian menu”及常识可知，我们坐下后开始仔细察看菜单。D项意为“仔细察看”，故D项正确。A项意为“看”，B项意为“测试”，C项意为“计划”，都与语境不符。
4．A.space B．time
C．order D．place
C 解析：根据该句中的“the server who came to take”及常识可以推知，服务员过来为我们点餐。C项意为“点菜”，故C项正确。A项意为“空间”，B项意为“时间”，D项意为“地方”，都与语境不符。
5．A.Without B．Despite
C．In terms of D．Regardless of
A 解析：根据语境可知，Heather毫无(Without)停顿地向“我”伸(reached)出手，说和“我”在一起让她很感激。
6．A.reached B．shook
C．clapped D．stuck
A 解析：参见上题解析。reach意为“伸，伸手(以碰触或提起某物)”，故A项正确。B项意为“摇动”，C项意为“鼓掌”，D项意为“粘，贴”，都与语境不符。
7．A.either B．as well as
C．also D．too
D 解析：根据上文的内容及该句中的“I expressed my gratitude to be with her”可知，“我”也为和她在一起表达了感激。too“也”，通常用于肯定句句末，故D项正确。
8．A.project B．seat
C．honesty D．friendship
D 解析：根据上文可知，我们都表达了对彼此陪伴的感激；再结合该句中的“shared”可以推知，我们享受着共同的友谊时光。D项意为“友谊”，故D项正确。A项意为“项目”；B项意为“座位”；C项意为“诚实”。
9．A.so B．as
C．if D．before
B 解析：空处前一句是说，午饭后“我”想多待上一会儿；空处后一句说，这个问题使“我”想要和餐厅老板Ryland见上一面，据此可知，空前为果，空后为因，故as“因为”正确。
10．A.action B．delays
C．hurry D．dreams
B 解析：根据语境可知，空处与“Pauses”对应，应为其同义词语，故delays“延迟”符合语境。A项意为“行动”，C项意为“匆忙”，D项意为“梦想”，都与语境不符。
11．A.looking B．insisting
C．going D．agreeing
C 解析：根据语境可知，暂停和延迟是生活中很好的一个时刻去倾听我们内心进行的活动。go on意为“发生”，为固定搭配，符合语境，故C项正确。
12．A.company B．table
C．house D．car
B 解析：根据语境可知，Ryland微笑着走近“我”的餐桌旁。B项意为“桌子”，故B项正确。A项意为“公司”，C项意为“房子”，D项意为“汽车”，都与语境不符。
13．A.suitable B．ready
C．eager D．anxious
A 解析：根据语境可知，他微笑着，看起来他“首席灵感官”的头衔和他的个性很匹配。be suitable for为固定搭配，意为“适合于……”，故A项正确。B项意为“准备好的”，C项意为“渴望的”，D项意为“急切的”，都与语境不符。
14．A.simple B．full
C．urgent D．regular
B 解析：根据语境可知，他敞开心扉倾听，全身心注意着“我”。B项意为“完全的”，故B项正确。A项意为“简单的”；C项意为“紧急的”；D项意为“经常的”。
15．A.hotels B．schools
C．clubs D．restaurants
D 解析：根据空后的“more places to eat”可推知，“我”想要帮助他开更多的饭店，这样的话就有更多的地方就餐并传播他“每天要慷慨并感恩”的理念。D项意为“饭店”，故D项正确。A项意为“宾馆”；B项意为“学校”；C项意为“俱乐部”。
16．A.lesson B．note
C．message D．lecture
C 解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“课”，B项意为“便条”，D项意为“讲座”，都与语境不符。
17．A.meeting B．performance
C．act D．vacation
A 解析：根据上文中的“meet the coowner”并结合语境可知，自从那次见面以来，“感恩餐馆”就成了“我”最喜爱去就餐的地方。A项意为“会面”，故A项正确。B项意为“表演”；C项意为“行动”；D项意为“假期”。
18．A.trains B．practices
C．reviews D．concludes
B 解析：根据语境可知，“感恩餐馆”通过他们的这种商业模式实践他们的业务。B项意为“实践”，故B项正确。A项意为“培训”，C项意为“审查”，D项意为“总结”，都与语境不符。
19．A.explanation B．appreciation
C．consideration D．application
B 解析：根据语境可知，他们向我们生命的丰足表达了感激。B项意为“感激”，故B项正确。A项意为“解释”；C项意为“考虑”；D项意为“申请”。
20．A.surprised B．led
C．returned D．held
B 解析：根据语境可知，那天的一个简单的问题，引导“我”走上新的道路，给了“我”新的友谊(关系)。B项意为“引领”，故B项正确。A项意为“使惊奇”；C项意为“归还”；D项意为“抓住，握住”。
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