2021版新高考地区高考英语（外研通用版）一轮复习学案：选修66Module6　WarandPeace

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一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
beach n．　　　　　　　　 memorial n.
overlook v. condemn v.
campaign n. chain n.
chaos n. senseless adj.
sacrifice n. memorable adj.
baggage n. confidential adj.
mess n. yell v.
unload v. liberation n.
surrender v. strategy n.
quote v. personnel n.
civilian n.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．drown v．　　　　　　淹死，使溺死
2．survivor n. 幸存者
3．last v. 持续
4．eventually adv. 最后，最终
5．wound v. 使受伤
6．rescue v. 营救，拯救
7．view n. 观点
8．worthwhile adj. 值得做的，有价值的，有用的
9．arm__v. 装备，武装
10.__despite prep. 不管，不顾
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．abandon v．放弃，抛弃→abandoned adj.被放弃的，被遗弃的
2．operate v．操作；动手术→operation n．行动；手术
3．occupy v．占领；占用；占据→occupied adj.被占领的，忙于→occupation n．占领；占用；职业
4．shock v．使震惊n.震惊，吃惊→shocked adj.(感到)震惊的，惊骇的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
5．nation n．国家→nationality n．国籍→national adj.国家的
6．courage n．勇气，胆量→encourage v．鼓舞，鼓励→encouraged adj.受鼓励的→encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的；振奋人心的→encouragement n．鼓舞，鼓励
7．agree v．同意→disagree v．不同意→disagreement n．争论，矛盾，意见不合→agreement n．同意，协议

1.后缀able形容词一览
①memorable　　　难忘的，特别的
②admirable 值得赞扬的
③adjustable 可调节的
④reasonable 合理的
⑤respectable 可敬的
⑥usable 可用的，适用的
2.“看”之种种
①overlook　　　俯视，往下看
②watch 观看，注视
③observe 监视，观测
④stare 盯，凝视
⑤glare 怒目而视
⑥look up 向上看
3.en前缀动词荟萃
①encourage　　　鼓励
②enlarge 放大
③enrich 使丰富
④ensure 确保
⑤endanger 使遭到危险
⑥enable 使能够
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．declare__war__on　　　　　　向……宣战
2．make__a__breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)
3．pick__up 停下来让某人搭车
(船等)；救起；学会
4．to__one’s__astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
5．drink__to 为……干杯
6．draw__attention__to 引起对……的注意
7．be__involved__in 被卷入；陷入
8．in__view/sight 在视野中
9．be__situated__on/in/at 位于，坐落于
10．refer__to 提及；参考；指的是
1.“to one’s＋n.”大集合
①to one’s astonishment　　令某人惊讶的是
②to one’s delight/joy 令某人高兴的是
③to one’s shock 令某人震惊的是
④to one’s sorrow 令某人伤心的是
⑤to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
2.declare相关短语荟萃
①declare war on　　　　　　　向……宣战
②declare for/against 表示赞成/反对
③declare ...(to be/as)．.. 宣布……为……
④declare ...open 宣布……开始
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及……就……”
The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before__they__even__got__off__the__boats．
这次登陆行动异常危险，很多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就牺牲了。
句型2：形容词(短语)作状语
The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted__and__shocked．
死里逃生的战士躺在海滩上，疲惫不堪、心有余悸。
句型3：from＋where引导的定语从句
The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel, from__where__the__boats__attempted__their__landings．
公墓和纪念碑坐落在一处悬崖之上，从那里可以俯瞰海滩和英吉利海峡，当时一艘艘船只就试图从那里登陆。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．Only the achievement of these goals will bring lasting(持久的) peace.
2．a.It took rescuers(营救人员) 90 minutes to reach the trapped men.
b．He rescued(营救) the girl regardless of his own life, which set a good example for us.
3．Don’t play by the river in case you fall in and get drowned(溺水)．
4．The wounded(受伤的) soldier should be sent to the hospital in no time.
5．He has taught men and women of all ages and of various nationalities(国籍).
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．a.The surviving(survive) sailors managed to keep up for several hours and were eventually picked up by a lifeboat.
b．It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors(survive) of the plane crash.
7．Overlooked(overlook) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful at night.
8．I returned to the village many times, and eventually(eventual) I gained their trust.
9．We have been having a few disagreements(disagree) in the committee lately.
10．Occupying(occupy) himself in looking after the children, he had little time to finish his report.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·天津卷)We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.最终地
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill.忽视
3．(2019·江苏卷)Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.尽管
4．(2019·江苏卷)Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly memorable.难忘的
Ⅲ.选词成篇
declare war on; be involved in; be situated on/in/at; drink to; think about
Germany 1.is__situated__in north Central Europe. On 1 September in 1939, Germany 2.declared__war__on Poland and the Second World War broke out. Britain, France and many other countries 3.were__involved__in the war afterwards. World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.
pick up; to one’s astonishment; in sight/view; draw attention to; refer to; make a breakthrough
Zhang Wei, a Peking University of Technology computer major, is considered to be a genius by his classmates. He usually goes to the library to 4.refer__to some articles about what he has learned. Devoting himself to his research on the IT technology, he soon 5.made__a__breakthrough. People has 6.drawn__attention__to his works. His teachers are all proud of him.
Ⅳ.完成语段
The guide asked the tourists to get on the bus 1.before__they__could__take__photos(他们还没来得及拍照). 2.Tired__and__unhappy(又累又不高兴)，the tourists wanted to have a rest in the hotel. As a matter of fact, they 3.were__too__hungry__to__get__around(太饿而不能四处走动) any longer.

abandon　vt.抛弃；离弃；放弃；停止做(某事)　n．放纵，放任；尽情
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)However, these plans were__abandoned(abandon) because of financial problems.
b．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned(abandon) bricks of different ages.
②(2018·天津卷) I will never abandon reaching(reach) the top of the “mountain” because I want to be successful in life.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
③(普通表达)He abandoned__himself__to__playing__computer__games(沉迷于玩电脑游戏) and didn’t pass the exam.
④(高级表达)Abandoning__himself__to__playing__computer__games,__he didn’t pass the exam.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑤(高级表达)Abandoned__to__playing__computer__games，he didn’t pass the exam.(过去分词短语作状语)

(1)abandon doing sth.　放弃做某事
abandon oneself to doing sth.
沉湎于做某事；放纵(感情)
于做某事
(2)with abandon 纵情；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的
[佳句背诵] At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.
聚会上，人们尽情地唱歌、跳舞，把生活中的烦恼抛到了九霄云外。
[词块助记] an abandoned farm　废弃的农场
abandon an animal 遗弃动物
abandon the match because of rain 因为下雨中止了比赛
occupy　v．占领；占据；使从事，使忙碌；任职
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I’ve invented a game that will keep the kids occupied(occupy) for hours.
②He would have attended your birthday party but he was__occupied(occupy) with a very important experiment.
③Choosing an occupation(occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
④(普通表达)Jane__has__been__occupied__in(一直忙于) getting used to everything and she hasn’t had time for social activities.
⑤(高级表达)Occupied__in__getting__used__to__everything,__Jane hasn’t had time for social activities.(过去分词短语作状语)
⑥(高级表达)Occupying__herself__in__getting__used__to__everything,__Jane hasn’t had time for social activities.(现在分词短语作状语)

(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.
　　　　　　　　　　忙于(做)某事；
专心于(做)某事
(2)be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事
(3)occupation n. 占领；职业，工作
[佳句背诵] Problems at work continued to occupy his mind for some time.
工作上的问题继续在他的脑海中萦绕了一段时间。
[名师点津] 表示“忙于做某事”的短语：be busy with sth./(in) doing sth.；be employed with sth./(in) doing sth.；be engaged in sth.。
[词块助记] occupy a position　　占据位置；担任职位
despite　prep.不管，不顾；尽管
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)In spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
②(2018·江苏卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
③(福建卷)Our club is open to everyone regardless of age, sex or educational background.
[能力提升]——一句多译
尽管天气不好，飞机还是起飞了。
④Although/Though__the__weather__was__bad,__the plane took off.(状语从句)
⑤The plane took off despite/in__spite__of__the__bad__weather．(介词短语)

(1)despite＝in spite of　　　　　　　尽管……
despite/in spite of the fact that... 尽管……
(2)regardless of 不管，不顾
[佳句背诵] Despite the bad weather, he occupied himself with the preparatory work, hoping to rescue his crops from rainstorm.　尽管天气不好，他仍忙于准备工作，希望把庄稼从暴风雨中解救出来。
[名师点津] despite与in spite of分别为介词和介词短语，其后接名词、代词或动名词作让步状语，不接从句(what 从句除外)；though与although或 as 是从属连词，引导让步状语从句。
to one’s astonishment　令某人惊讶的是
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2017·江苏卷)Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing(astonish) ways.
b．The astonished look on his face told us that he felt astonished to be asked such a question.(astonish)
②After hearing the bad news that she didn’t pass the exam, she stared at me in astonishment.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The boy lifted the big rock without effort and this astonished me.
③(高级表达)It__was__astonishing__that the boy lifted the big rock without effort.(形式主语)
④(高级表达)What__astonished__me__was__that the boy lifted the big rock without effort.(what引导主语从句)

(1)in astonishment　　　　吃惊地
(2)astonish v. 使吃惊
astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的是
astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
[佳句背诵] ①To our great astonishment/Much to our astonishment, he escaped being hurt in the accident.
令我们大为惊讶的是，在事故中他逃过一劫而没有受伤。
②I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you.
他竟然对你这样无理，真叫我吃惊。
③We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.
我们惊奇地发现这座庙宇仍然保存完好。(辽宁卷)

before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及……就……”
(教材原句)The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats.
这次登陆行动异常危险，很多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就牺牲了。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2019·天津卷)She left before I could even make it to the door to offer my thanks.
b．(北京卷)I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time before Brian gets back.
②(2017·天津卷)It has been two weeks since you returned your home and I’ve been missing you very much.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(陕西卷)那对年轻的夫妇归还了我丢失的钱包，我还没有来得及问他们的名字他们就走了。
The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left__before__I__could__ask__for__their__names．
④将近一天之后，他才意识到他的错误并向他的朋友Peter道歉。
It__was__nearly__a__day__before he realized his mistakes and said sorry to his friend Peter.

(1)before作连词引导时间状语从句时，在句中的译法很灵活。通常可翻译为：在……之前；……之后才……；不多久就……；还没来得及……就……
(2)It was/will be＋时间段＋before...
　　　　　　　　多长时间后就/才……
It will not be/was not＋时间段＋before...
不久就……　
[佳句背诵]
A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.
狗的饮食习惯在正确地建立之前需要规则的训练。(2019·天津卷)
[名师点津]
“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since 引导的状语从句”表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。

维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．He had to call a taxi because the box was too heavy to__carry(carry) all the way home.
2．Involved(involve) in the bank robbery, Tom got arrested by the local police early in the morning.
3．We are supposed to__undertake(undertake) the responsibility to lead a lowcarbon life, which is of great significance.
4．To their great relief, the missing child returned home, tired(tire) but sound, after an absence of two weeks.
5．Abandoned to playing(play) computer games, Tom has fallen behind the other students in his studies.
维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．(天津卷)Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.
2．To my astonishment, she still remembered my name although we hadn’t seen each other for many years.
3．We went up to the top of the hill, from where we had a good view of the whole city.
4．If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one.
5. Now, let’s drink to the further development of your business.
维度三　派生词练习
1．The UN rescue operation started shortly after dawn. My job was to operate the artillery. (operate)
2．One winter morning we came across an abandoned puppy(小狗) on the street. I wondered who it was that abandoned such a cute puppy. (abandon)
3．In the match, all my classmates encouraged me to try hard, and their encouragement gave me more confidence and courage. At last, I got an encouraging result. (courage)
4．His occupation is teaching, and he is fully occupied in teaching his students. He always thinks about the work, and how to teach the students well occupies his mind.(occupy)
5．Britain is a developed nation and its national flower is rose. Many people dream of having British nationality．(nation)
维度四　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．他又冷又饿地在风雪中度过了七天。(形容词作状语)
He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold__and__hungry．
2．到目前为止科学家在治疗这种疾病方面已经取得了突破。(breakthrough)
Scientists have__made__a__breakthrough in their treatment of this disease so far.
3．To everyone’s astonishment, she played the part of a woman teacher in a film at the age of 19.
→To__the__astonishment__of__everyone,__she played the part of a woman teacher in a film at the age of 19.
4．他抽烟成瘾，从而得了肺癌。(abandon)
①As he abandoned__himself__to__smoking,__he suffered from lung cancer.
②Abandoning__himself__to__smoking,__he suffered from lung cancer.(现在分词短语作状语)
③Abandoned__to__smoking,__he suffered from lung cancer.(过去分词短语作状语)

提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
1．As we all know, wars can do harm to human beings. They get people 2.wounded(wound) and even killed. When some cities 3.are__occupied(occupy), they will be bombed. Many people will have to abandon their homes 4.to__flee(flee). To our sadness, many people will lose their lives 5.before they flee to the safe 6.shelters(shelter). Without wars, the whole world 7.would__live(live) in peace and develop 8.steadily(steady)．
However, to our 9.astonishment(astonish), some governments want to declare war 10.on other countries. It is everyone’s duty to try to avoid wars.
提能二　话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，是校报小记者，目睹一个被困井中的小男孩被救的过程，请写一篇短文报道此事。①救援人员和人们热心救援；②男孩被救出并被送回家；③你的感想。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①令我们吃惊的是，一个小男孩被困在荒废的井中。
To__our__astonishment,__we found a little boy trapped in an__abandoned__well．
②救援人员被要求尽快赶往现场。(虚拟语气)
It was required that rescue__workers__should__rush__to__the__spot as soon as possible.
③尽管天气很糟糕，营救人员还是立刻前来援救男孩。
Despite__the__terrible__weather,__rescue workers immediately came to rescue__the__boy．
④许多热心的人们积极参与这次救援。
Many warmhearted people were__actively__involved__in__the__rescue．
⑤过了四个小时小男孩才从井底得救。
It__was__four__hours__before__the__little__boy__was__picked__up from the bottom of the well.
⑥他虽然很害怕，但是安然无恙，最后被送回家。
He was__terrified__but__safe__and__sound,__and he was sent to his home eventually．
⑦这个事故不仅令人们震惊，而且使人们注意到儿童的安全。
The accident not only made__people__shocked but also drew__people’s__attention__to the safety of children.
2．升级平淡句
⑧用形容词作状语升级句⑥
Terrified__but__safe__and__sound,__he__was__sent__to__his__home__eventually.
⑨用倒装句升级句⑦
Not__only__did__the__accident__make__people__shocked__but__it__also__drew__people’s__attention__to__the__safety__of__children.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：therefore, in addition)
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One possible version：
To our astonishment, we found a little boy trapped in an abandoned well.Therefore, it was required that rescue workers should rush to the spot as soon as possible.
Despite the terrible weather, rescue workers immediately came to rescue the boy.In addition, many warmhearted people were actively involved in the rescue. It was four hours before the little boy was picked up from the bottom of the well.
Terrified but safe and sound, he was sent to his home eventually. Not only did the accident make people shocked but it also drew people’s attention to the safety of children.

(建议用时：40分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·成都高三第一次诊断)

Young trees don’t just grow；they develop a personality and learn more about their environment and how they should best behave in it. They also help each other out whenever there’s trouble.
Personality, just as among people, varies among trees. Some are anxious, some bold. On the author’s land，there are three oak trees growing close together. One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others. Since they all experience the same temperature，the same soil and the same length of day, such variables can’t be the explanation. So what’s happening？Well，this tree is simply more careful than the others. Whoever holds on to their leaves longer can do more photosynthesis(光合作用) and store more nutrients. However, the longer a tree keeps its leaves, the higher the risk of injury.
Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes. A tree, for example, keeping its leaves too long during one year will never make this mistake again. This leads to several other conclusions: trees must notice the temperature and the length of the day and be able to save their experiences somewhere. Obviously, trees don’t have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.
But trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there’s trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients. For example, one time the author found a very old tree stump. Its insides had rotted a long time ago to topsoil. But the wood on the outside of the stump was still living. How was this possible？Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years!
Why do trees do__such__a__thing？It’s simple: it’s better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。
1．Why does the author mention the three oak trees?
A．To illustrate trees can learn from experiences.
B．To show trees can make independent decisions.
C．To explain trees are quite supportive to each other.
D．To prove trees have the same personalities as humans.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others.”可知，三棵橡树中，有一棵总比其他两棵先落叶；结合第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”可知，树木能自己做决定。据此可推知，作者提及三棵橡树旨在说明树木可以自己做决定，故B项正确。
2．According to the text, which of the following best describes general features of trees?
A．Anxious and bold.
B．Smart and adventurous.
C．Helpful and wellbehaved.
D．Adaptable and supportive.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”，并结合第三段内容可知，树木不仅能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，树木适应能力强。根据第四段第一、二句“But trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there’s trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients.”可知，树木不仅善于照顾自己，当遇到困难时，它们会发出警告，相互支持，甚至照顾生病、虚弱的同类；据此可推知，树木之间互帮互助，故D项正确。
3．What does the underlined phrase “do such a thing” mean?
A．Give warnings. B．Offer assistance.
C．Depend on others. D．Provide nutrients.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years！”可知，树桩是由它的邻居从根处给予营养来滋养的；结合第五段第一句“Why do trees do__such__a__thing？”和其后的内容可知，该处表示“为什么树木要互相帮助？”，故画线短语是指提供帮助，故B项正确。
4．Where does this text most probably come from?
A．A public lecture. B．A science book.
C．An experiment report. D．A travel journal.
B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，本文最可能选自科学书籍，故B项正确。
B
(2020·贵阳摸底)Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn’t change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.”
However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机). They found that there were lots of faults(断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.
According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moon’s surface continues to push up. “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale(里氏震级)，”said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in the US.
But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn’t try to explore and live on in the future? Maybe not, reported The Telegraph. “This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere，” Watters comforted us.
The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science, but there is still a lot we don’t know. The moon is shrinking—we didn’t really realize that until recently. It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that, ” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.
【解题导语】　月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。
5．Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to?
A．It stays the same as before.
B．It is becoming slightly smaller.
C．It is getting older and older.
D．It has passed away.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However，a new study...shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time.”可知，一项新的发表在《自然·地球科学》上的研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，故选B项。
6．What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph?
A．It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.
B．It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.
C．It quakes even at seven on the Richter scale.
D．It has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy”可知，月球由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故选D项。
7．Who thinks that we needn’t worry about the moon?
A．Zhang Ruoxu.
B．Thomas Watters.
C．Nathan Williams.
D．The journalist.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中Thomas Watters说的话“This isn’t anything to worry about...It’s not going anywhere”可知，Thomas Watters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故选B项。
8．What does Nathan Williams think of the moon?
A．It is a dead and boring place.
B．It has lots of faults on the surface.
C．It is valuable to do more science.
D．It isn’t a place where we can live.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nathan Williams说的话“We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science...we should explore that”可知，Nathan Williams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索，据此可推知，他认为研究月球是有价值的，故选C项。
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Alice had just been appointed in the multinational bank. After one month of severe training, today was her first day to go to work.
She got up a bit earlier than usual, and decided to skip her gym workout as she did not want to risk being tired or getting late to her office on her first day. She went through her morning routine and spent a lot of time in selecting what to wear. None of her dresses seemed to appeal to her—they were either a little too casual or too dull and she definitely wanted to make an impression right from the start. Finally she settled on the white embroidered(刺绣的) dress.
She waved bye to her mom and set off cheerfully towards the bus stop. But she saw a bus leaving the stop just as she crossed the street. Now she would have to wait for a good 15 minutes. 15 minutes passed and then 30 minutes and there was no sign of the bus. “It must be stuck in heavy traffic，” a kind lady who was also waiting for the bus told her. Hearing that, Alice got anxious. She had to reach her office on time. Then she saw a taxi approaching but when she tried to stop it, the taxi driver sped by without even taking a glance at her. Alice was wondering what she could do.
It was then that a car stopped near her and a man waved to her. The driver asked her where she was going and after Alice told him that she was going to the bank at Nariman Point, the man said, “Oh, my office is in the nearby building. Can I give you a lift？” Alice hesitated for a moment and got into the car. They exchanged names and began to talk for a while. Then the driver switched on the radio and was absorbed in the song. Alice looked out of the window and imagined her first day at work, worrying whether she was capable of the new job, and if she could get along well with her colleagues. After about ten minutes, Alice realized they were not on the familiar route to her office.
Paragraph 1：
She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man.________________________________________________________________________
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Paragraph 2：
Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly.________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man. So she asked cautiously whether they were going to her bank. The driver said that they took a new shortcut, as there was usually heavy traffic on the other one at this hour, and continued his song. That made some sense and Alice didn’t say anything more. Another fifteen minutes passed, and the road was even stranger for her. That man was driving speedily and Alice became more and more anxious. She decided that when the car next stopped at the traffic lights she would jump out.
Paragraph 2：
Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly. She breathed a sigh of relief. Within minutes, they reached the gate of the building. “Here we are！” the driver pulled up and said. Alice got out of the car, her face turning red. She felt quite sorry for having doubted the driver. She believed there were indeed more kind people in the world. She said, “Thank you very much！”， with a big smile, and hurried to her office with great expectation. She knew she would have a good day.