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2021版新高考地区高考英语（外研通用版）一轮复习学案：选修61Module1 SmallTalk
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一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
obligation n． application n.
immigration n. reception n.
outspoken adj. motto n.
shortcoming n. systematic adj.
coincidence n. mature adj.
awkward adj. tease v.
cautious adj. messy adj.
divorce n. anniversary n.
genuine adj. hospitable adj.
violate v. define v.
circumstance n.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．informal adj. 非正式的
2．serious adj. 严肃的；严重的
3．lack v．& n. 缺乏，缺少
4．opportunity n. 机会
5．prize n. 奖品，奖金
6．tidy v. 使……整洁，整理
7．favour n. 恩惠，照顾
8．certain pron. 某些
9．reply n. 回答，答复，回信
10．anyhow adv. 不管怎么说，无论如何
11．modest adj. 谦虚的，谦逊的
12．interrupt v. 打断
13．function n. 功能
14．purpose n. 目的
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．confident adj.自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信心；信任
2．advance adj.预先的，在前的v.前进n.预先→advanced adj.先进的；高级的
3．impolite adj.不礼貌的→impolitely adv.不礼貌地→polite adj.礼貌的
4．absent adj.缺席的；缺少的，缺乏的 →absence n．缺乏，不存在
5．apology n．道歉，致歉→apologise v．道歉
6．success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→succeed vi.成功 vt.继承，接替
7．imagine v．想象→imaginary adj.想象中的，幻想的，虚构的→imaginative adj.富有想象力的→imagination n．想象力，创造力
1.“out＋分词”式合成形容词
①outspoken 直言不讳的，坦率的
②outspread 伸开的，展开的
③outworn 过时的，无用的
④outgoing 外向的，友好的
⑤outstanding 杰出的，突出的
2.后缀ious形容词荟萃
①cautious 谨慎的
②curious 好奇的
③obvious 明显的
④ambitious 有抱负的
⑤various 多种多样的
3.前缀im形容词大团圆
①impolite 不礼貌的
②impossible 不可能的
③impatient 不耐烦的
④immoral 不道德的
⑤imperfect 不完美的
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．(be)__nervous__about 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安
2．think__of 想起，回忆起
3．look__away__from 把目光从……移开
4．in__addition 除此之外，另外
5．find__out 了解(到)；找出(信息)
6．as__a__consequence 因此，结果
7．cheer__sb.up 使某人高兴/振作起来
8．leave__out 省去，删去
9．(be)__aware__of 知道
10．take__the__lead 带头，领先
11．show__off 炫耀
12．make__friends 交朋友，建立友谊
1.“v.＋off”短语集释
①show off 炫耀
②break off 中止，中断
③call off 取消；停止进行
④cool off 冷却，(使)冷静下来
⑤clear off 消除；溜掉
2.“原因、结果”短语串记
①as a consequence (of) 因此，结果
②as a result (of) 作为……的结果
③result in/from 导致/起因于
④on account of 由于
⑤because of 因为
3.“be＋形容词＋of”短语荟萃
①be aware of 意识到，知道
②be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧
③be capable of 能够
④be free of 没有，摆脱
⑤be proud of 为……自豪
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：祈使句＋and＋简单句
Talk__to__a__man__about__himself,__and he will speak to you for hours！
和一个人谈论他自己，他会和你谈几个小时。
句型2：every time引导时间状语从句
Her motto was “Every__time__I__open__my__mouth,__I put my foot in it.”
她的座右铭是，“每当我张口，就会讲错话。”
句型3：It is ＋过去分词＋that从句
It__is__estimated__that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.
据估计80%的英语会话是闲聊。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes(奖品) to these gifted students at the meeting.
2．Compare the prices and functions(功能) of different types of computers before you make up your mind.
3．One of his major shortcomings(缺点) is that he always bases his judgement on subjective opinions.
4．The more learned a man is, the more modest(谦虚的) he usually is.
5．(陕西卷)I have an apology(道歉) to make to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．My mother is being unreasonable; she doesn’t allow me to go out until I have the room tidied(tidy) up.
7．I have an interesting, wellpaid job, with opportunities(opportunity) to travel.
8．When the examination was coming, she felt nervous, increasingly lacking(lack) in confidence about herself.
9．The match took nearly three hours and was interrupted(interrupt) at times by rain.
10．The young girl expressed confidently(confident) that she was fit for that task.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·江苏卷)I think it’s a good idea. It’s an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known to international students.机会
2．(2019·天津卷)A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison.起作用；正常工作
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)“It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demeritt...进步
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)After a long and careful search, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving cautiously away.小心翼翼地
5．(2019·江苏卷)Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.明确的
Ⅲ.选词成篇
find out; in addition; show off; as a consequence; look away from; leave out
Many people like to 1.show__off their good sides in life through WeChat, especially some famous people. However, we can sometimes 2.find__out the fact that some are not happy or rich at all. 3.In__addition,__they sometimes just tell lies for some illegal purposes. 4.As__a__consequence,__I always 5.leave__out such information immediately or just 6.look__away__from such pictures.
(be) nervous about; cheer sb. up; (be) aware of; think of; on purpose; take the lead
The first time I gave a speech, I 7.was very nervous__about it. My teacher 8.was__aware__of my nervousness and he gave me an encouraging smile. I then became confident and finished the speech successfully. My teacher 9.took__the__lead to stand up and applaud for me.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．永远不要失去信心，那么你就会在学习上取得很大进步。
Never__lose__confidence__and you’ll make a great advance in your study.
2．(浙江卷)每次他下班后回到家，我们都在门口迎接他。
Every__time__he__arrived__home at the end of the day, we’d greet him at the door.
3．据估计，到2022年中国的5G用户会超过2亿。
It__is__estimated__that China will have more than 200 million 5G users by 2022.
lack v．缺乏，缺少 n．缺乏；缺少；不足
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(福建卷)More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.
②a.Though lacking(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.
b．Lacking(lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他们缺乏与他人交流的能力，因此在比赛中失败了。
③They lacked__the__skill__to__communicate__with__others,__so they failed in the competition.(lack vt.)
④Lacking__the__skill__to__communicate__with__others,__they failed in the competition.(分词作状语)
(1)lack sth. 缺少某物
(a) lack of... ……的缺少
for lack of... 因缺少……
(2)lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……；……不足
[佳句背诵] One major disadvantage of this area is the lack of public transport.
这个地区的一个主要的不利条件是缺少公共交通。
[名师点津] lack既可以作动词也可以作名词。作及物动词时不能用于被动语态，后面直接接宾语；作名词时，后面常用介词of。
absence n．缺席，不在；缺乏，不存在
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.
②During his absence from Guangzhou his coworkers did a lot of work.
[能力提升]——一句多译
很长时间没有上学后，我的老师和同学们都帮助我补习功课。
③My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my__long__absence__from__school．(absence)
④My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after I__had__been__absent__from__school__for__a__long__time．(absent)
(1)absence from school/work 缺课/缺勤
absence of mind 心不在焉的
in the absence of (人)不在，缺席，
(物)不存在，缺少
in one’s absence 在某人不在时，
在某人缺席时
(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在的
be absent from 缺席；不在
[佳句背诵] It was his absence of mind during driving that nearly caused a serious accident. 就是他开车时的心不在焉才差点导致一起严重事故。
apology n．道歉，致歉
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(天津卷)I apologise for not being able to join you for dinner.
b．(浙江卷)—You should apologize to her, Barry.
—I suppose so, but it’s not going to be easy.
②(2017·天津卷)In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, lighthearted apology(apologise) to explain your awkwardness.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(全国卷Ⅲ) 我为不能遵守诺言向你道歉。
③I apologise__to__you__for failing to keep the appointment.(apologise)
④I make/express/convey__an__apology__to__you__for failing to keep the appointment.(apology)
⑤I owe__you__an__apology__for failing to keep the appointment.(apology)
(1)make an apology to sb.for sth.
因某事向某人道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
(2)apologise v. 道歉
apologise (to sb.) for (doing) sth.
因……(向某人)道歉
[佳句背诵] The pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.
飞行员抱歉地通知，飞机会晚一点着陆。(四川卷)
[词块助记] accept Tom’s apology 接受汤姆的道歉
owe my friend an apology 应向我的朋友道歉
a letter of apology 道歉信
imagine v．想象；幻想；误以为
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Imagine a child standing(stand) on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？”
②(天津卷)I’m not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a vivid imagination(imagine)．
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(江苏卷)……很难想象，没有科技的日益进步生活会是什么样子的。
...it’s hard to__imagine__what__life__would__be__like without daily advancements in technology.
(1)imagine (sb./sb.’s) doing sth.
想象(某人)做……
imagine sb./sth.as/to be...
把某人/物想象成……
imagine＋that/wh从句 想象……
(2)imagination n. 想象力；创造力
beyond imagination 超乎想象
[名师点津] imagine的宾语可以是名词、代词、从句、动名词以及动名词的复合结构，但不能为动词不定式。
in addition 另外，此外，除此之外
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)In addition to reading(read) for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Working out in the morning provides additional(addition) benefits beyond being physically fit.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)This garden has the best collection of native plants, and，it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.
(高级表达)This garden has the best collection of native plants, in__addition,__it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.(addition)
(1)in addition＝besides/furthermore/what’s more
另外，而且
in addition to＝besides/apart from/as well as
除……之外还……
(2)additional adj. 额外的，附加的
[佳句背诵] The company provides cheap Internet access. In addition，it makes shareware freely available.
该公司提供廉价的互联网接入服务。此外，它还免费提供共享软件。
leave out 省去；遗漏；忽视；删去
[一词多义]——写出下列句中leave out的含义
①(湖北卷)The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.遗漏
②He asked the reporter to leave out the last part of the passage.省去
③(朗文辞典)All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽视
[能力提升]——完成句子
④(全国卷Ⅰ)如果你能帮我看一下英语作文并检查一下我是否遗漏了一些信息，我将不胜感激。
I’d appreciate it if you could help me look through the English composition to check whether I have left__out__some__information．
leave for 动身去……
leave off 停止(做某事)；中断
leave behind 遗留，遗忘
leave sb. alone 不打扰某人，不管某人
leave sth. alone 对某事置之不理
[佳句背诵] ①Can you tell me the time? I’ve left my watch behind.
你能告诉我时间吗？我没带表。
②She wants to think things out quietly, so we had better leave her alone.
她想安静地考虑一下，所以我们最好别打扰她。
every time引导时间状语从句
(教材原句)Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.” 她的座右铭是，“每当我张口，就会讲错话。”
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)“Every/Each time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me.
②On arriving(arrive) home, he set out to do his housework.
③(湖北卷)Be careful！The machine starts the moment you press the button.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我第一次在课堂上见到简时，就知道她是一个安静但意志坚定的女孩。
I knew that Jane was a quiet but determined girl the__first__time__I__saw__her__in__class．
⑤你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。
You are welcome to come back any__time__you__want__to．
(1)every time是名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，意为“每当……”，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有： any time“任何时候”， next time“下次……时”， the last time“最后一次”， the＋序数词＋time“第……次”。
(3)the＋moment/minute/instant/second“一……就……”
(4)on/upon doing sth.“一……就……”
[名师点津] every/each time, the first time, the last/next time, the moment/minute/instant等引导状语从句时，这些短语后面不需要加when/while。
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．I’m writing to explain the reason why I was absent(absence) from your lecture last time.
2．I appreciate being given the opportunity to__work(work) in your company to realize my dream.
3．I can’t imagine you working(work) with such a boring man for as long as five years.
4．Hearing the news, I was excited and filled in the application(apply) form immediately.
5．It’s impolite(polite) to ask others’ income, marriage and age in most western countries.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．I recommend making seat reservations in advance, because this is a popular film and there will be a lot of audience.
2．The problem of global warming is serious. As a consequence, the sea levels have risen a little.
3．Small children like to perform in front of guests to show off some talents, which makes them proud.
4．She always aims high but her problem is lack of confidence.
5．He left out very important information in his report, which was why he was criticized by his boss yesterday.
维度三 派生词练习
1．We did wrong to him. I have apologised to him and you should make an apology too.(apology)
2．He succeeded his father as manager of the company. Soon their business became very successful. Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success．(success)
3．Tom used to be confident about his future. He once said confidently that he would go to a key college. But his confidence was almost shaken by the failure in the final examination.(confident)
4．I have never seen my grandmother but I always imagine her as a kind, old lady. My mother told me that she was a writer with great imagination and wrote several imaginary novels.(imagine)
维度四 易错混用
1．That he didn’t reply my WeChat yesterday made me very angry.在reply后加to
2．Our teacher often tells us we should take the study serious.serious→seriously
3．In addition to give a general introduction to computers, the course also provides practical experience.give→giving
4．Usually it takes a disaster to make people aware the danger of air pollution.在aware后加of
5．Every time when you begin to doubt something and search for an answer, you will learn something.删除when
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
Small talk is a great way to break the ice when you’re talking to someone you don’t know well. 1.Being(be) able to make small talk 2.successfully(successful) will help you make friends, and 3.in addition it will benefit you professionally. With practice, you can become 4.more__confident(confident) than ever!
When you seek 5.an opportunity to start making small talk with someone, try to find out common ground with them. Build on the conversation by either asking the person some 6.informal(formal) questions or telling them something about 7.yourself(you) politely to cheer them up.
If you want to make a person feel comfortable, the best thing 8.to__do(do) is to use body language with 9.caution(cautious). Just make eye contact, and don’t cross your arms. Maintain the right distance from the person to show your modesty.
To make great small talk, you should think of certain topics 10.which/that are light, fun, and positive, like weather, music and so on. If so, your conversation will function well.
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你的朋友Tom 苦恼如何与他人交友，发微信向你求助。请按以下写作要点回复，内容如下：①表示安慰；②提出合理化建议。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①得知你交友有困难非常遗憾。
What a pity it is to hear that you are having__trouble__making__friends!
②每个人都渴望友谊，因此知道如何交友很重要。
Everyone has a thirst for friendship and as__a__consequence,__it is of great significance to know how to make friends.
③为了交朋友，你应该加入俱乐部，这是一个最好的遇见有共同兴趣的人的方法。
With__the__purpose__of__making__friends,__you should join a club, for it is the best way to meet people with common interests.
④为给人留下很好的印象，衣着整洁，谈吐礼貌和自信是个好办法。
It would be a great idea to dress neatly and talk__politely__and__confidently to create a favourable impression.
⑤记住：当你和他人谈话时，你就在创造机会结交一位真正的朋友。
Bear in mind that when you talk to someone，you are creating the__opportunity__to__make__a__lasting__friend．
2．升级平淡句
⑥用非限制性定语从句升级句③
With__the__purpose__of__making__friends,__you__should__join__a__club,__which__is__the__best__way__to__meet__people__with__common__interests.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：firstly，in addition，last but not least)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
What a pity it is to hear that you are having trouble making friends! Everyone has a thirst for friendship and as a consequence, it is of great significance to know how to make friends.
Firstly, with the purpose of making friends, you should join a club, which is the best way to meet people with common interests. In addition, it would be a great idea to dress neatly and talk politely and confidently to create a favourable impression. Last but not least, bear in mind that when you talk to someone, you are creating the opportunity to make a lasting friend.
(建议用时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·锦州高三模拟)It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flowerfilled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in nonprofit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. Laëtitia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。
1．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A．The waste of flowers.
B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends.
D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。
2．What was the first woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?
A．She was moved. B．She was excited.
C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。
3．What can we infer about Floranthropie from Laëtitia Thélème’s words?
A．It should focus on primary care.
B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance.
D．It should cooperate with more nonprofit institutions.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”可推知，Laëtitia Thélème认为 Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C项符合文意。
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Volunteer Your Time
B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers
D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，故选D。
B
(2020·惠州第二次调研)I realized something this morning. I have been writing now for 34 years. It all started when I was just 18 years old. As a boy I had read literally hundreds of books. I had a thirst for knowledge that seemingly could never fade. Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it, but as any writer tells you once the ideas awaken inside of you they won’t leave you alone until you write them down. I didn’t have a computer, word processor, or even a typewriter. Still, I grabbed a pen and lined notebook paper and wrote everything that was burning inside of me.
When I was done I didn’t know how to share it. There was no Internet back then, no smart phones, and no social media. I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written. He was a good man full of both wisdom and kindness. He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write. I continued to write new articles each week and shared them first with other local papers and later online as well. Years later at the urging of my readers I even selfpublished two collections of my stories in book form.
Through my writing I slowly became more than I was. In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well. I also found that we all are writers whether we put pen to paper or not. With every choice we make, with every thought we hold, and with everything we do, we are writing our own life story.
Lance Wubbels once wrote：“I hope you realize your life is truly your life. It belongs to you. It is your story to write with love. Day by day, line by line, write it well.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历。从这个过程中，作者认识到了写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。
5．As a boy, when the author found he had something to share, ________．
A．he wrote it down
B．he ignored it
C．he shared it on social media
D．he told it to a writer
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it...wrote everything that was burning inside of me.”可知，作者一开始想忽略内心的想法，但是后来还是写了下来。故选A。
6．How did the author begin his writing career?
A．He was hired as a newspaper editor.
B．He put his stories online by himself.
C．He selfpublished two books.
D．He was helped by a local newspaper editor.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written.” 及“He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write.”可知，作者是在当地报纸的一位编辑的帮助下开始了自己的写作事业。故选D。
7．What does the author think of writing?
A．Writing takes practice and efforts.
B．Writing can benefit oneself and others.
C．Writing helps people tell right from wrong.
D．Only with a pen can one write his life story.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well.”可知，作者在自己的作品中，遇到了最好的自己，发现了所有的人身上都有的善良和光明，还找到了伟大的爱和欢乐，并鼓励别人也选择爱和欢乐。由此可推知，作者认为写作利己利人。故选B。
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Way to Be a Writer
B．A Way to Share Ideas
C．Living Is Writing
D．Writing Is the Source of Love
C 解析：标题归纳题。从全文的内容可知，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历；再结合最后一段，作者引用了Lance Wubbels的名言表达自己对写作的感悟可知，从这个过程中，作者认识到写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·贵阳普通高中监测)Sleeping well is important to your physical and mental health. However, you might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep. Here are some habits you can adopt to encourage better sleep.
Stick to a sleep schedule. 1.________. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal.
Pay attention to what you eat. Don’t go to bed hungry or full. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. 2.________．
3．________. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. 4.________. Avoid long use of screens just before bedtime. Consider using roomdarkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.
Include physical activity in your daily routine. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. 5.________. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
A．Work out a good plan
B．Stick to a balanced diet
C．Create a restful environment
D．Your discomfort might keep you up
E．Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep
F．Avoid being active too close to bedtime, however
G．Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保证良好睡眠的几个好习惯。
1．E 解析：根据下文“The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours.”可推知，此处表示所需要的睡眠时间，与选项E呼应，故选E项。
2．D 解析：根据上文可知，要避免睡前饿着肚子或吃得过饱，或是睡前几个小时吃油腻的食物或大餐，这会让人不舒服，自然就睡不好了，与选项D呼应，故选D项。
3．C 解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处为主题句。根据该段内容可知，该段介绍了营造舒适的睡眠环境的重要性，故选C项。
4．G 解析：根据空前一句“Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.”可推知，在灯亮着的情况下是不利于睡眠的，故选G项。
5．F 解析：与上文“Regular physical activity can promote better sleep.”形成呼应可推知，此处表示睡前太活跃反而不利于睡眠，故选F项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020·江西重点中学协作体联考)I got on the bus to go to school as normally do. Today, however, was quite __1__．As we approached the next stop, a little girl got on.She __2__ her wallet to find the $2 to pay the driver, but I could __3__ by her expression that she didn’t have the correct __4__. Therefore, I stood up, took out $2 from my wallet, and paid __5__ the girl.Then I walked back and sat down.The girl __6__ me, sitting down next to me.She said “thank you” in a sweet little voice and we began to chat.I found out that she was trying to get to State Street.
I felt __7__ to think about a girl in such a young age __8__ around in the city with no money or guardian.When my __9__ approached, I instructed her to get off with me and she agreed.As we got to the __10__， the little girl took my hand, and I __11__ her across the street to safety. __12__， I had some spare time, so I __13__ the girl to State Street, gave her $5, told her how to get home, and said goodbye.
As I __14__ out my hand to shake, she ran to me and gave me the biggest and __15__ hug.We waved each other goodbye and she looked at me with the sweetest blue eyes, and then she skipped away __16__ the street.
Although my new friend, Emily, was just a 9yearold girl, she gave me __17__ that will take her many years to understand.As we hugged, none of us said a word; __18__ , I knew that our hearts had met and a __19__ was made.No age can limit the __20__ of one’s heart or the love that they can give.
【解题导语】 作者热心帮助了一个在公交车上遇到的小女孩，小女孩给了他大大的拥抱。作者感悟到任何年龄都不能限制一个人内心的力量或他们所能给予的爱。
1．A.frightening B．disappointing
C．different D．crazy
C 解析：根据句中however表示转折可知今天与以往不同，下文叙述了事情经过。故选C项。frightening令人恐惧的；disappointing令人失望的；different不同的；crazy疯狂的。
2．A.observed B．touched
C．presented D．searched
D 解析：根据空后“her wallet to find the $2”可知女孩上车后从钱包里找钱付车费，根据当时情境可知选D项。 observe观察；touch触摸；present提出；search寻找。
3．A.tell B．hear
C．imagine D．base
A 解析：女孩的表情告诉“我”她没有正好的钱付车费，指从她的表情看出。故选A项。
4．A.ticket B．access
C．permit D．fare
D 解析：此处指女孩没有正好的钱付车费，指车费。故选 D项。
5．A.for B．off
C．back D．to
A 解析：pay for sb.指为某人付款，此处指“我”为女孩付了车费。故选A项。
6．A.followed B．pushed
C．noticed D．excused
A 解析：“我”为女孩付车费后，女孩跟随“我”，然后坐在了“我”旁边表示感谢。故选A项。
7．A.tired B．bored
C．troubled D．inspired
C 解析：根据句中“around in the city with no money or guardian”可知作者对这个小女孩没有钱和监护人自己在城市坐车感到不安，根据常识选C项。tired疲倦的；bored无聊的；troubled不安的；inspired能力卓越的。
8．A.chatting B．looking
C．playing D．wandering
D 解析：此处指女孩自己在城市里坐车闲逛，wander around徘徊，闲逛。故选D项。
9．A.company B．store
C．center D．stop
D 解析：根据下句“get off with me”可知是作者到站了。故选D项。
10．A.corner B．crossroads
C．destination D．shop
B 解析：根据“across the street to safety”可知他们走到十字路口过马路。故选B项。
11．A.made B．hurried
C．led D．freed
C 解析：此处指作者带领小女孩安全过马路，故选C项。
12．A.Usually B．Luckily
C．Generally D．Personally
B 解析：幸好“我”有些空闲时间，所以“我”陪伴小女孩去她的目的地，表示“幸运的是”。故选B项。
13．A.accompanied B．treated
C．invited D．instructed
A 解析：此处表示“我”有时间，所以陪伴女孩去她的目的地，指陪伴女孩。故选A项。
14．A.pulled B．carried
C．made D．held
D 解析：此处指“我”伸出手和女孩握手，hold out伸出。故选D项。
15．A.toughest B．tightest
C．softest D．strongest
B 解析：女孩跑过来给了“我”一个最大最紧的拥抱，指紧紧的拥抱。故选B项。
16．A.across B．over
C．off D．down
D 解析：此处指女孩沿着街连蹦带跳地走了，down the street沿着大街。故选D项。
17．A.something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
A 解析：这个9岁的女孩给了“我”她多年之后才会明白的东西，用于肯定句。故选A项。
18．A.otherwise B．however
C．besides D．therefore
B 解析：“我们”拥抱时谁都没说话，然而“我”知道“我们”的心相遇而且还建立了一种联系，表示转折。故选B项。
19．A.connection B．contribution
C．conclusion D．decision
A 解析：此处指“我”和小女孩之间建立了一种联系。connection联系，关系；contribution贡献；conclusion结论；decision决定。故选A项。
20．A.strength B．power
C．force D．energy
A 解析：任何年龄都不能限制一个人内心的力量或他们所能给予的爱，指内心的力量。故选A项。 strength力量；power权力；force武力；energy能量。
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
obligation n． application n.
immigration n. reception n.
outspoken adj. motto n.
shortcoming n. systematic adj.
coincidence n. mature adj.
awkward adj. tease v.
cautious adj. messy adj.
divorce n. anniversary n.
genuine adj. hospitable adj.
violate v. define v.
circumstance n.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．informal adj. 非正式的
2．serious adj. 严肃的；严重的
3．lack v．& n. 缺乏，缺少
4．opportunity n. 机会
5．prize n. 奖品，奖金
6．tidy v. 使……整洁，整理
7．favour n. 恩惠，照顾
8．certain pron. 某些
9．reply n. 回答，答复，回信
10．anyhow adv. 不管怎么说，无论如何
11．modest adj. 谦虚的，谦逊的
12．interrupt v. 打断
13．function n. 功能
14．purpose n. 目的
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．confident adj.自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信心；信任
2．advance adj.预先的，在前的v.前进n.预先→advanced adj.先进的；高级的
3．impolite adj.不礼貌的→impolitely adv.不礼貌地→polite adj.礼貌的
4．absent adj.缺席的；缺少的，缺乏的 →absence n．缺乏，不存在
5．apology n．道歉，致歉→apologise v．道歉
6．success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→succeed vi.成功 vt.继承，接替
7．imagine v．想象→imaginary adj.想象中的，幻想的，虚构的→imaginative adj.富有想象力的→imagination n．想象力，创造力
1.“out＋分词”式合成形容词
①outspoken 直言不讳的，坦率的
②outspread 伸开的，展开的
③outworn 过时的，无用的
④outgoing 外向的，友好的
⑤outstanding 杰出的，突出的
2.后缀ious形容词荟萃
①cautious 谨慎的
②curious 好奇的
③obvious 明显的
④ambitious 有抱负的
⑤various 多种多样的
3.前缀im形容词大团圆
①impolite 不礼貌的
②impossible 不可能的
③impatient 不耐烦的
④immoral 不道德的
⑤imperfect 不完美的
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．(be)__nervous__about 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安
2．think__of 想起，回忆起
3．look__away__from 把目光从……移开
4．in__addition 除此之外，另外
5．find__out 了解(到)；找出(信息)
6．as__a__consequence 因此，结果
7．cheer__sb.up 使某人高兴/振作起来
8．leave__out 省去，删去
9．(be)__aware__of 知道
10．take__the__lead 带头，领先
11．show__off 炫耀
12．make__friends 交朋友，建立友谊
1.“v.＋off”短语集释
①show off 炫耀
②break off 中止，中断
③call off 取消；停止进行
④cool off 冷却，(使)冷静下来
⑤clear off 消除；溜掉
2.“原因、结果”短语串记
①as a consequence (of) 因此，结果
②as a result (of) 作为……的结果
③result in/from 导致/起因于
④on account of 由于
⑤because of 因为
3.“be＋形容词＋of”短语荟萃
①be aware of 意识到，知道
②be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧
③be capable of 能够
④be free of 没有，摆脱
⑤be proud of 为……自豪
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：祈使句＋and＋简单句
Talk__to__a__man__about__himself,__and he will speak to you for hours！
和一个人谈论他自己，他会和你谈几个小时。
句型2：every time引导时间状语从句
Her motto was “Every__time__I__open__my__mouth,__I put my foot in it.”
她的座右铭是，“每当我张口，就会讲错话。”
句型3：It is ＋过去分词＋that从句
It__is__estimated__that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.
据估计80%的英语会话是闲聊。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes(奖品) to these gifted students at the meeting.
2．Compare the prices and functions(功能) of different types of computers before you make up your mind.
3．One of his major shortcomings(缺点) is that he always bases his judgement on subjective opinions.
4．The more learned a man is, the more modest(谦虚的) he usually is.
5．(陕西卷)I have an apology(道歉) to make to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．My mother is being unreasonable; she doesn’t allow me to go out until I have the room tidied(tidy) up.
7．I have an interesting, wellpaid job, with opportunities(opportunity) to travel.
8．When the examination was coming, she felt nervous, increasingly lacking(lack) in confidence about herself.
9．The match took nearly three hours and was interrupted(interrupt) at times by rain.
10．The young girl expressed confidently(confident) that she was fit for that task.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·江苏卷)I think it’s a good idea. It’s an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known to international students.机会
2．(2019·天津卷)A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison.起作用；正常工作
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)“It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demeritt...进步
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)After a long and careful search, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving cautiously away.小心翼翼地
5．(2019·江苏卷)Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.明确的
Ⅲ.选词成篇
find out; in addition; show off; as a consequence; look away from; leave out
Many people like to 1.show__off their good sides in life through WeChat, especially some famous people. However, we can sometimes 2.find__out the fact that some are not happy or rich at all. 3.In__addition,__they sometimes just tell lies for some illegal purposes. 4.As__a__consequence,__I always 5.leave__out such information immediately or just 6.look__away__from such pictures.
(be) nervous about; cheer sb. up; (be) aware of; think of; on purpose; take the lead
The first time I gave a speech, I 7.was very nervous__about it. My teacher 8.was__aware__of my nervousness and he gave me an encouraging smile. I then became confident and finished the speech successfully. My teacher 9.took__the__lead to stand up and applaud for me.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．永远不要失去信心，那么你就会在学习上取得很大进步。
Never__lose__confidence__and you’ll make a great advance in your study.
2．(浙江卷)每次他下班后回到家，我们都在门口迎接他。
Every__time__he__arrived__home at the end of the day, we’d greet him at the door.
3．据估计，到2022年中国的5G用户会超过2亿。
It__is__estimated__that China will have more than 200 million 5G users by 2022.
lack v．缺乏，缺少 n．缺乏；缺少；不足
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(福建卷)More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.
②a.Though lacking(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.
b．Lacking(lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他们缺乏与他人交流的能力，因此在比赛中失败了。
③They lacked__the__skill__to__communicate__with__others,__so they failed in the competition.(lack vt.)
④Lacking__the__skill__to__communicate__with__others,__they failed in the competition.(分词作状语)
(1)lack sth. 缺少某物
(a) lack of... ……的缺少
for lack of... 因缺少……
(2)lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……；……不足
[佳句背诵] One major disadvantage of this area is the lack of public transport.
这个地区的一个主要的不利条件是缺少公共交通。
[名师点津] lack既可以作动词也可以作名词。作及物动词时不能用于被动语态，后面直接接宾语；作名词时，后面常用介词of。
absence n．缺席，不在；缺乏，不存在
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.
②During his absence from Guangzhou his coworkers did a lot of work.
[能力提升]——一句多译
很长时间没有上学后，我的老师和同学们都帮助我补习功课。
③My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my__long__absence__from__school．(absence)
④My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after I__had__been__absent__from__school__for__a__long__time．(absent)
(1)absence from school/work 缺课/缺勤
absence of mind 心不在焉的
in the absence of (人)不在，缺席，
(物)不存在，缺少
in one’s absence 在某人不在时，
在某人缺席时
(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在的
be absent from 缺席；不在
[佳句背诵] It was his absence of mind during driving that nearly caused a serious accident. 就是他开车时的心不在焉才差点导致一起严重事故。
apology n．道歉，致歉
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(天津卷)I apologise for not being able to join you for dinner.
b．(浙江卷)—You should apologize to her, Barry.
—I suppose so, but it’s not going to be easy.
②(2017·天津卷)In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, lighthearted apology(apologise) to explain your awkwardness.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(全国卷Ⅲ) 我为不能遵守诺言向你道歉。
③I apologise__to__you__for failing to keep the appointment.(apologise)
④I make/express/convey__an__apology__to__you__for failing to keep the appointment.(apology)
⑤I owe__you__an__apology__for failing to keep the appointment.(apology)
(1)make an apology to sb.for sth.
因某事向某人道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
(2)apologise v. 道歉
apologise (to sb.) for (doing) sth.
因……(向某人)道歉
[佳句背诵] The pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.
飞行员抱歉地通知，飞机会晚一点着陆。(四川卷)
[词块助记] accept Tom’s apology 接受汤姆的道歉
owe my friend an apology 应向我的朋友道歉
a letter of apology 道歉信
imagine v．想象；幻想；误以为
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Imagine a child standing(stand) on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？”
②(天津卷)I’m not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a vivid imagination(imagine)．
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(江苏卷)……很难想象，没有科技的日益进步生活会是什么样子的。
...it’s hard to__imagine__what__life__would__be__like without daily advancements in technology.
(1)imagine (sb./sb.’s) doing sth.
想象(某人)做……
imagine sb./sth.as/to be...
把某人/物想象成……
imagine＋that/wh从句 想象……
(2)imagination n. 想象力；创造力
beyond imagination 超乎想象
[名师点津] imagine的宾语可以是名词、代词、从句、动名词以及动名词的复合结构，但不能为动词不定式。
in addition 另外，此外，除此之外
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)In addition to reading(read) for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Working out in the morning provides additional(addition) benefits beyond being physically fit.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)This garden has the best collection of native plants, and，it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.
(高级表达)This garden has the best collection of native plants, in__addition,__it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.(addition)
(1)in addition＝besides/furthermore/what’s more
另外，而且
in addition to＝besides/apart from/as well as
除……之外还……
(2)additional adj. 额外的，附加的
[佳句背诵] The company provides cheap Internet access. In addition，it makes shareware freely available.
该公司提供廉价的互联网接入服务。此外，它还免费提供共享软件。
leave out 省去；遗漏；忽视；删去
[一词多义]——写出下列句中leave out的含义
①(湖北卷)The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.遗漏
②He asked the reporter to leave out the last part of the passage.省去
③(朗文辞典)All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽视
[能力提升]——完成句子
④(全国卷Ⅰ)如果你能帮我看一下英语作文并检查一下我是否遗漏了一些信息，我将不胜感激。
I’d appreciate it if you could help me look through the English composition to check whether I have left__out__some__information．
leave for 动身去……
leave off 停止(做某事)；中断
leave behind 遗留，遗忘
leave sb. alone 不打扰某人，不管某人
leave sth. alone 对某事置之不理
[佳句背诵] ①Can you tell me the time? I’ve left my watch behind.
你能告诉我时间吗？我没带表。
②She wants to think things out quietly, so we had better leave her alone.
她想安静地考虑一下，所以我们最好别打扰她。
every time引导时间状语从句
(教材原句)Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.” 她的座右铭是，“每当我张口，就会讲错话。”
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)“Every/Each time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me.
②On arriving(arrive) home, he set out to do his housework.
③(湖北卷)Be careful！The machine starts the moment you press the button.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我第一次在课堂上见到简时，就知道她是一个安静但意志坚定的女孩。
I knew that Jane was a quiet but determined girl the__first__time__I__saw__her__in__class．
⑤你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。
You are welcome to come back any__time__you__want__to．
(1)every time是名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，意为“每当……”，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有： any time“任何时候”， next time“下次……时”， the last time“最后一次”， the＋序数词＋time“第……次”。
(3)the＋moment/minute/instant/second“一……就……”
(4)on/upon doing sth.“一……就……”
[名师点津] every/each time, the first time, the last/next time, the moment/minute/instant等引导状语从句时，这些短语后面不需要加when/while。
维度一 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．I’m writing to explain the reason why I was absent(absence) from your lecture last time.
2．I appreciate being given the opportunity to__work(work) in your company to realize my dream.
3．I can’t imagine you working(work) with such a boring man for as long as five years.
4．Hearing the news, I was excited and filled in the application(apply) form immediately.
5．It’s impolite(polite) to ask others’ income, marriage and age in most western countries.
维度二 在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．I recommend making seat reservations in advance, because this is a popular film and there will be a lot of audience.
2．The problem of global warming is serious. As a consequence, the sea levels have risen a little.
3．Small children like to perform in front of guests to show off some talents, which makes them proud.
4．She always aims high but her problem is lack of confidence.
5．He left out very important information in his report, which was why he was criticized by his boss yesterday.
维度三 派生词练习
1．We did wrong to him. I have apologised to him and you should make an apology too.(apology)
2．He succeeded his father as manager of the company. Soon their business became very successful. Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success．(success)
3．Tom used to be confident about his future. He once said confidently that he would go to a key college. But his confidence was almost shaken by the failure in the final examination.(confident)
4．I have never seen my grandmother but I always imagine her as a kind, old lady. My mother told me that she was a writer with great imagination and wrote several imaginary novels.(imagine)
维度四 易错混用
1．That he didn’t reply my WeChat yesterday made me very angry.在reply后加to
2．Our teacher often tells us we should take the study serious.serious→seriously
3．In addition to give a general introduction to computers, the course also provides practical experience.give→giving
4．Usually it takes a disaster to make people aware the danger of air pollution.在aware后加of
5．Every time when you begin to doubt something and search for an answer, you will learn something.删除when
提能一 语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
Small talk is a great way to break the ice when you’re talking to someone you don’t know well. 1.Being(be) able to make small talk 2.successfully(successful) will help you make friends, and 3.in addition it will benefit you professionally. With practice, you can become 4.more__confident(confident) than ever!
When you seek 5.an opportunity to start making small talk with someone, try to find out common ground with them. Build on the conversation by either asking the person some 6.informal(formal) questions or telling them something about 7.yourself(you) politely to cheer them up.
If you want to make a person feel comfortable, the best thing 8.to__do(do) is to use body language with 9.caution(cautious). Just make eye contact, and don’t cross your arms. Maintain the right distance from the person to show your modesty.
To make great small talk, you should think of certain topics 10.which/that are light, fun, and positive, like weather, music and so on. If so, your conversation will function well.
提能二 话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你的朋友Tom 苦恼如何与他人交友，发微信向你求助。请按以下写作要点回复，内容如下：①表示安慰；②提出合理化建议。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①得知你交友有困难非常遗憾。
What a pity it is to hear that you are having__trouble__making__friends!
②每个人都渴望友谊，因此知道如何交友很重要。
Everyone has a thirst for friendship and as__a__consequence,__it is of great significance to know how to make friends.
③为了交朋友，你应该加入俱乐部，这是一个最好的遇见有共同兴趣的人的方法。
With__the__purpose__of__making__friends,__you should join a club, for it is the best way to meet people with common interests.
④为给人留下很好的印象，衣着整洁，谈吐礼貌和自信是个好办法。
It would be a great idea to dress neatly and talk__politely__and__confidently to create a favourable impression.
⑤记住：当你和他人谈话时，你就在创造机会结交一位真正的朋友。
Bear in mind that when you talk to someone，you are creating the__opportunity__to__make__a__lasting__friend．
2．升级平淡句
⑥用非限制性定语从句升级句③
With__the__purpose__of__making__friends,__you__should__join__a__club,__which__is__the__best__way__to__meet__people__with__common__interests.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：firstly，in addition，last but not least)
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
What a pity it is to hear that you are having trouble making friends! Everyone has a thirst for friendship and as a consequence, it is of great significance to know how to make friends.
Firstly, with the purpose of making friends, you should join a club, which is the best way to meet people with common interests. In addition, it would be a great idea to dress neatly and talk politely and confidently to create a favourable impression. Last but not least, bear in mind that when you talk to someone, you are creating the opportunity to make a lasting friend.
(建议用时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·锦州高三模拟)It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flowerfilled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in nonprofit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. Laëtitia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。
1．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A．The waste of flowers.
B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends.
D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。
2．What was the first woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?
A．She was moved. B．She was excited.
C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。
3．What can we infer about Floranthropie from Laëtitia Thélème’s words?
A．It should focus on primary care.
B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance.
D．It should cooperate with more nonprofit institutions.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”可推知，Laëtitia Thélème认为 Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C项符合文意。
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Volunteer Your Time
B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers
D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，故选D。
B
(2020·惠州第二次调研)I realized something this morning. I have been writing now for 34 years. It all started when I was just 18 years old. As a boy I had read literally hundreds of books. I had a thirst for knowledge that seemingly could never fade. Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it, but as any writer tells you once the ideas awaken inside of you they won’t leave you alone until you write them down. I didn’t have a computer, word processor, or even a typewriter. Still, I grabbed a pen and lined notebook paper and wrote everything that was burning inside of me.
When I was done I didn’t know how to share it. There was no Internet back then, no smart phones, and no social media. I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written. He was a good man full of both wisdom and kindness. He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write. I continued to write new articles each week and shared them first with other local papers and later online as well. Years later at the urging of my readers I even selfpublished two collections of my stories in book form.
Through my writing I slowly became more than I was. In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well. I also found that we all are writers whether we put pen to paper or not. With every choice we make, with every thought we hold, and with everything we do, we are writing our own life story.
Lance Wubbels once wrote：“I hope you realize your life is truly your life. It belongs to you. It is your story to write with love. Day by day, line by line, write it well.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历。从这个过程中，作者认识到了写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。
5．As a boy, when the author found he had something to share, ________．
A．he wrote it down
B．he ignored it
C．he shared it on social media
D．he told it to a writer
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it...wrote everything that was burning inside of me.”可知，作者一开始想忽略内心的想法，但是后来还是写了下来。故选A。
6．How did the author begin his writing career?
A．He was hired as a newspaper editor.
B．He put his stories online by himself.
C．He selfpublished two books.
D．He was helped by a local newspaper editor.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written.” 及“He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write.”可知，作者是在当地报纸的一位编辑的帮助下开始了自己的写作事业。故选D。
7．What does the author think of writing?
A．Writing takes practice and efforts.
B．Writing can benefit oneself and others.
C．Writing helps people tell right from wrong.
D．Only with a pen can one write his life story.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well.”可知，作者在自己的作品中，遇到了最好的自己，发现了所有的人身上都有的善良和光明，还找到了伟大的爱和欢乐，并鼓励别人也选择爱和欢乐。由此可推知，作者认为写作利己利人。故选B。
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Way to Be a Writer
B．A Way to Share Ideas
C．Living Is Writing
D．Writing Is the Source of Love
C 解析：标题归纳题。从全文的内容可知，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历；再结合最后一段，作者引用了Lance Wubbels的名言表达自己对写作的感悟可知，从这个过程中，作者认识到写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·贵阳普通高中监测)Sleeping well is important to your physical and mental health. However, you might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep. Here are some habits you can adopt to encourage better sleep.
Stick to a sleep schedule. 1.________. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal.
Pay attention to what you eat. Don’t go to bed hungry or full. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. 2.________．
3．________. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. 4.________. Avoid long use of screens just before bedtime. Consider using roomdarkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.
Include physical activity in your daily routine. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. 5.________. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
A．Work out a good plan
B．Stick to a balanced diet
C．Create a restful environment
D．Your discomfort might keep you up
E．Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep
F．Avoid being active too close to bedtime, however
G．Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保证良好睡眠的几个好习惯。
1．E 解析：根据下文“The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours.”可推知，此处表示所需要的睡眠时间，与选项E呼应，故选E项。
2．D 解析：根据上文可知，要避免睡前饿着肚子或吃得过饱，或是睡前几个小时吃油腻的食物或大餐，这会让人不舒服，自然就睡不好了，与选项D呼应，故选D项。
3．C 解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处为主题句。根据该段内容可知，该段介绍了营造舒适的睡眠环境的重要性，故选C项。
4．G 解析：根据空前一句“Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.”可推知，在灯亮着的情况下是不利于睡眠的，故选G项。
5．F 解析：与上文“Regular physical activity can promote better sleep.”形成呼应可推知，此处表示睡前太活跃反而不利于睡眠，故选F项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020·江西重点中学协作体联考)I got on the bus to go to school as normally do. Today, however, was quite __1__．As we approached the next stop, a little girl got on.She __2__ her wallet to find the $2 to pay the driver, but I could __3__ by her expression that she didn’t have the correct __4__. Therefore, I stood up, took out $2 from my wallet, and paid __5__ the girl.Then I walked back and sat down.The girl __6__ me, sitting down next to me.She said “thank you” in a sweet little voice and we began to chat.I found out that she was trying to get to State Street.
I felt __7__ to think about a girl in such a young age __8__ around in the city with no money or guardian.When my __9__ approached, I instructed her to get off with me and she agreed.As we got to the __10__， the little girl took my hand, and I __11__ her across the street to safety. __12__， I had some spare time, so I __13__ the girl to State Street, gave her $5, told her how to get home, and said goodbye.
As I __14__ out my hand to shake, she ran to me and gave me the biggest and __15__ hug.We waved each other goodbye and she looked at me with the sweetest blue eyes, and then she skipped away __16__ the street.
Although my new friend, Emily, was just a 9yearold girl, she gave me __17__ that will take her many years to understand.As we hugged, none of us said a word; __18__ , I knew that our hearts had met and a __19__ was made.No age can limit the __20__ of one’s heart or the love that they can give.
【解题导语】 作者热心帮助了一个在公交车上遇到的小女孩，小女孩给了他大大的拥抱。作者感悟到任何年龄都不能限制一个人内心的力量或他们所能给予的爱。
1．A.frightening B．disappointing
C．different D．crazy
C 解析：根据句中however表示转折可知今天与以往不同，下文叙述了事情经过。故选C项。frightening令人恐惧的；disappointing令人失望的；different不同的；crazy疯狂的。
2．A.observed B．touched
C．presented D．searched
D 解析：根据空后“her wallet to find the $2”可知女孩上车后从钱包里找钱付车费，根据当时情境可知选D项。 observe观察；touch触摸；present提出；search寻找。
3．A.tell B．hear
C．imagine D．base
A 解析：女孩的表情告诉“我”她没有正好的钱付车费，指从她的表情看出。故选A项。
4．A.ticket B．access
C．permit D．fare
D 解析：此处指女孩没有正好的钱付车费，指车费。故选 D项。
5．A.for B．off
C．back D．to
A 解析：pay for sb.指为某人付款，此处指“我”为女孩付了车费。故选A项。
6．A.followed B．pushed
C．noticed D．excused
A 解析：“我”为女孩付车费后，女孩跟随“我”，然后坐在了“我”旁边表示感谢。故选A项。
7．A.tired B．bored
C．troubled D．inspired
C 解析：根据句中“around in the city with no money or guardian”可知作者对这个小女孩没有钱和监护人自己在城市坐车感到不安，根据常识选C项。tired疲倦的；bored无聊的；troubled不安的；inspired能力卓越的。
8．A.chatting B．looking
C．playing D．wandering
D 解析：此处指女孩自己在城市里坐车闲逛，wander around徘徊，闲逛。故选D项。
9．A.company B．store
C．center D．stop
D 解析：根据下句“get off with me”可知是作者到站了。故选D项。
10．A.corner B．crossroads
C．destination D．shop
B 解析：根据“across the street to safety”可知他们走到十字路口过马路。故选B项。
11．A.made B．hurried
C．led D．freed
C 解析：此处指作者带领小女孩安全过马路，故选C项。
12．A.Usually B．Luckily
C．Generally D．Personally
B 解析：幸好“我”有些空闲时间，所以“我”陪伴小女孩去她的目的地，表示“幸运的是”。故选B项。
13．A.accompanied B．treated
C．invited D．instructed
A 解析：此处表示“我”有时间，所以陪伴女孩去她的目的地，指陪伴女孩。故选A项。
14．A.pulled B．carried
C．made D．held
D 解析：此处指“我”伸出手和女孩握手，hold out伸出。故选D项。
15．A.toughest B．tightest
C．softest D．strongest
B 解析：女孩跑过来给了“我”一个最大最紧的拥抱，指紧紧的拥抱。故选B项。
16．A.across B．over
C．off D．down
D 解析：此处指女孩沿着街连蹦带跳地走了，down the street沿着大街。故选D项。
17．A.something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
A 解析：这个9岁的女孩给了“我”她多年之后才会明白的东西，用于肯定句。故选A项。
18．A.otherwise B．however
C．besides D．therefore
B 解析：“我们”拥抱时谁都没说话，然而“我”知道“我们”的心相遇而且还建立了一种联系，表示转折。故选B项。
19．A.connection B．contribution
C．conclusion D．decision
A 解析：此处指“我”和小女孩之间建立了一种联系。connection联系，关系；contribution贡献；conclusion结论；decision决定。故选A项。
20．A.strength B．power
C．force D．energy
A 解析：任何年龄都不能限制一个人内心的力量或他们所能给予的爱，指内心的力量。故选A项。 strength力量；power权力；force武力；energy能量。
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