2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题七Book3Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”





1．Much of Canada's current built environment and influence has come primarily from immigrants from two European nations, Britain and France.
加拿大目前的建筑环境和影响力主要得益于英国和法国这两个欧洲国家的移民。
2．Attracted by its natural beauty, we couldn't help taking lots of pictures, cherishing the wonderful memories close to nature.
被自然美景所吸引，我们忍不住拍了很多照片，留住亲近自然的美好回忆。
3．What makes it distinguishing from other resorts is that it is rich in a variety of natural resources and a range of primitive forests.
与其他景区不同的是：这里富含各种自然资源，还有原始森林。
4．In a word, whether you choose one way or another is just based on your convenience or preference.
总之，无论用哪一种方式，都取决于你自己的便利和喜好。
自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　　核心单词
(1)chat (vi.& n．) 聊天；闲聊→chatted (过去式/过去分词)
(2)surround (vt.) 包围；围绕→surroundings (n.) (复)周围的事物；环境→surrounding (adj.) 周围的
(3)measure (vi.& vt.) 测量；衡量；判定 (n.) 计量制；计量单位；措施
(4)within (prep.) 在……之内
(5)border (n.) 边界；国界；边沿 (vt.& vi.) 与……接壤；接近
(6)mix (vt.& vi.) 混合；调配→mixture (n.) 混合(物)；混合状态
(7)confirm (vt.) 证实；证明；批准→confirmation (n.) 证实；证明；认可
(8)distance (n.) 距离；远方→distant (adj.) 在远处的；远方的
(9)nearby (adv.) 在附近 (adj.) 附近的；邻近的→near (prep.) 在……附近
(10)tradition (n.) 传统；风俗→traditional (adj.) 传统的→traditionally (adv.) 传统地
(11)impress (vt.) 使印象深刻；使铭记→impressive (adj.) 给人深刻印象的；感人的→impression (n.) 印象
Ⅱ　　阅读单词
(1)continent (n.) 洲；大陆
(2)baggage (n.) 行李
(3)scenery (n.) 景色；风景
(4)harbour (n.) 海港
(5)slight (adj.) 轻微的；微小的
(6)urban (adj.) 城市的；城镇的
(7)wealthy (adj.) 富有的
(8)misty (adj.) 有薄雾的；模糊的
(9)downtown (adj.) 市区的 (adv.) 在市区；往市区
(10)approximately (adv.) 接近；大约
(11)terrify (vt.) 使恐怖；恐吓
(12)pleased (adj.) 欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的
　[单句语法填空]
1．We were ________ (terrify) by his sudden appearance.
答案：terrified
2．As is known to all, there are seven ________ (continent) in the world.
答案：continents
3．The professor entered the lecture hall, ________ (surround) by many students.
答案：surrounded
4．I have such good eyesight that I can see the small things in the ________ (distant)．
答案：distance
5．The ________ (tradition) breakfast in this area includes bacon and eggs.
答案：traditional
6．________ (confirm) when the flight would take off, I made three calls to the airport but in vain.
答案：To confirm
7．The couple live in a ________ (wealth) suburb of Chicago.
答案：wealthy
8．Helen ________ (chat) with most of the guests at the party last night.
答案：chatted
9．My first ________ (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
答案：impression
10．The city is a ________ (mix) of old and new buildings.
答案：mixture
联想积累
1．“说”法荟萃
①chat vi.& n. 聊天；闲聊
②whisper vi. 小声说；耳语
③inform vt. 通知；告知
④announce vt. 宣告
⑤declare vt. 宣布；声明
2．后缀­ward方位词一览
①eastward adv. (＝eastwards)向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的
②westward adv. (＝westwards)向西 adj. 向西的；朝西的
③southward adv. (＝southwards)向南 adj. 向南的；朝南的
④northward adv. (＝northwards)向北 adj. 向北的；朝北的
⑤upward adv. (＝upwards)向上；上升地 adj. 向上的
⑥downward adv. (＝downwards)向下地；下行地 adj. 向下的；往下的
⑦forward adv. (＝forwards)向前 adj. 向前的
⑧backward adv. (＝backwards)向后 adj. 向后的
3．各种天气状况
①mist→misty 有薄雾的　②fog→foggy 有雾的
③rain→rainy 多雨的 ④wind→windy 多风的
⑤snow→snowy 多雪的 ⑥sun→sunny 阳光充足的
⑦cloud→cloudy 阴天的 ⑧frost→frosty 结霜的
⑨mud→muddy 泥泞的

1．rather_than 与其；不愿
2．settle_down 定居；平静下来；专心于
3．manage_to_do 设法做
4．catch_sight_of 看见；瞥见
5．have_a_gift_for 有……天赋
6．leave for 去；到
7．in the distance 在远处
8．as far as 远到；至于
9．at dawn 在黎明
　[选词填空]

1．They are so diligent that they start work ________.
答案：at dawn
2．You won so many awards and how did you ________ so?
答案：manage to do
3．I'd like to go there by train ________ by air.
答案：rather than
4．Walking out of the forest, I ________ a lake full of blooming lotus (荷花)．
答案：caught sight of
5．Lily ________ music, so her parents sent her to a music college.
答案：had a gift for
6．After walking for about two hours, we saw the twinkling lights of a village ________.
答案：in the distance
联想积累
1．“be＋过去分词＋with”结构一览
①be surrounded with 被……包围
②be equipped with 配备有……
③be crowded with 挤满……
④be filled with 充满
⑤be covered with 被……覆盖
⑥be impressed with 给……留下印象
2．down短语一览
①settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于
②break down 出故障；身体垮掉
③bring down 降低
④cut down 砍倒；削减
⑤die down 渐渐减弱；逐渐平息
⑥fall down 倒下；跌倒
⑦go down 倒下；下沉；下跌
⑧knock down 降价；撞倒；推倒
⑨let down 放下；降低；使失望
⑩put down 记下；放下；镇压；平定
⑪run down 撞倒；撞沉；追捕；追查
⑫take down 取下；拿下；写下
⑬turn down (把音量)调低；拒绝
⑭write down 写下；记下
3．“介词at＋名词”表示时间
①at dawn 在黎明　　　②at noon 在中午
③at sunset 日落时 ④at present 现在；目前
⑤at night 在夜里 ⑥at midnight 在半夜
⑦at dusk 在黄昏 ⑧at sunrise 在日出时

课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。
过去分词可以用作定语，其修饰的名词与之构成被动关系。过去分词也可以用作状语。
China's first aircraft carrier, ________ as long as 304 metres, was handed over to People's Liberation Army navy in 2012.
中国第一艘航空母舰，长达304米，于2012年被移交给了中国人民海军。
答案：measured
直击重点 突破考点

①　surround　vt. 包围；围绕(P34)

(1)单句语法填空
①I live in a very old town which is surrounded ________ beautiful woods.
②He likes to live in the ________ (surround) which are quiet and beautiful.
答案：①with/by　②surroundings
(2)单句改错
The trees surrounded the town were planted by the soldiers ten years ago.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：surrounded→surrounding

(1)surround ... with ... 用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
(3)surroundings n. 环境(常用复数)

②　measure　vi.& vt. 测量；衡量；判定　n. 计量制；计量单位；措施(P34)

单句语法填空
①It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't ________ (measure) only by examination results.
②Measures are being taken ________ (prevent) the river from being polluted.
③You'll need to get a suit made ________ measure.
答案：①be measured　②to prevent　③to

(1)measure ... by ... 用……来衡量……
be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算
(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth. 采取措施做某事
made to measure 量身订制的；按尺寸制作的

(1)measure作“措施”解时，常用其复数形式。
(2)measure表示“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”，可看成系动词，后跟量的结果，不用被动语态及进行时。

③　mix　vt.& vi. 混合；调配(P37)

单句写作
①As is known to us, oil can't ________ water.
众所周知，油不能与水融合。
②I listened to his excuse with a ________ of amusement and disbelief.
我听了他的辩解，既感到可笑，又觉得不可信。
答案：①mix with　②mixture

(1)mix ... with ... 把……与……混在一起
mix with sth. (使)混合，融合
mix up 弄错；弄乱；混淆；使糊涂
mix ... up with ... 把……和……搞混了
(2)mixture n. 混合(物)；混合状态
mixed adj. 混合的；混杂的

④　distance　n. 距离；远方(P38)

单句写作
①From the window of the hotel, a temple could be seen ______________.
从宾馆的窗户，可以看到远处的一座庙。
②It was difficult to get to know her because she always _________________.
很难了解她，因为她总是与大家保持距离。
答案：①in the distance　②kept everyone at a distance

in the distance 在远处
from/at a distance 隔一段距离；从远处
at a distance of ... 相隔……的距离
keep sb. at a distance 和某人保持距离

⑤　impress　vt. 使印象深刻；使铭记(P39)

单句语法填空
①The teacher impressed the importance of English ________ us.
②I'm sure the film made an ________ (impress) on everybody who saw it.
③We ________ (impress) with the children's paintings on the show.
④This in my opinion is a very ________ (impress) landscape photograph.
答案：①on/upon　②impression　③were impressed　④impressive

(1)使某人牢记某事
(2)be impressed by 被……所感动；对……印象深刻
(3)make/leave an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象
(4)impressive adj. 令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的

①　settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于(P34)

(1)单句改错
Before we settle down in other things, I've a question to ask you.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：in→to
(2)单句写作
①In the past, he often dreamed of retiring in England and ______________ in the country.
以前，他一直梦想在英国退休并且在乡下定居。
②It took her a while to ____________ her new job.
她过了一段时间才适应了新工作。
③They decided to ________________ with a race.
他们决定以赛跑解决这一争论。
答案：①settling down　②settle into/in　③settle the argument

(1)settle (down) to sth. 开始专注于某事物
settle in/into 适应；习惯(新的工作环境等)
settle a problem/an argument 解决问题/争议
(2)settlement n. 解决；处理

②　manage to do 设法做……(P34)

单句写作
①I don't know how actors ________ learn all these lines.
我不知道演员是如何记住这些台词的。
②The man took great pains ________________ well.
为了管理好工厂，这个人可真是煞费苦心。
③Thank you all the same. I can __________ myself.
我还是要谢谢你。我自己能行。
答案：①manage to　②to manage the factory　③manage it

manage v. 管理；控制；对付
manage it 能做到
manager n. 经理；管理者
management n. 经营；管理(行为)

manage to do sth. 相当于succeed in doing sth.，表示“成功地做了某事”，重在结果；try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，重在动作，不一定成功。

③　catch sight of 看见；瞥见(P34)

单句写作
①Wandering along the path in the countryside, I ________________ a baby bird in the tree, singing.
漫步在乡间小路上，我突然看到树上有只雏鸟，在吟唱。
②At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter till the train was ______________.
在火车站，妈妈对女儿挥手告别直到火车再也看不见了。
③____________________ the bird, I paused, afraid of bothering it.
看到那只小鸟，我停下了脚步，生怕惊扰了它。
答案：①caught sight of　②out of sight　③At the sight of

lose sight of 看不见；忽略；忘记
lose one's sight 失明
at the sight of 一看见……
in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内
out of sight 看不见；在视线外
come into sight 进入视野
at first sight 乍一看

①　[教材原句]It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.(P34)
那儿湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。

(1)单句语法填空
①The meeting ________ (be) over, people went back home.
②Much time __________ (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
③She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child ________ (play) beside her.
答案：①being　②spent　③playing
(2)单句改错
①There was no bus, we had to walk home.
_______________________________________________________________
②He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixing on the blackboard.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：①was→being或we前加so　②fixing→fixed

句中“some measuring over 90 metres”为独立主格结构，相当于which引导的非限制性定语从句，即some of which measure over 90 metres。
独立主格结构小结：
(1)分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；但有时分词(短语)有自己的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，独立主格结构在句中作状语。
(2)独立主格结构形式归纳：
①名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)
②名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动和已经完成)
③名词/代词＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作)
④名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
⑤with＋名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/介词短语/副词

②　[教材原句]The possibility that there will be an earthquake terrifies many people.(P37)
可能会有地震，这可吓坏了很多人。

(1)单句语法填空
①The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
②He asked a question ________ we should have the party, today or tomorrow.
答案：①that　②when
(2)单句改错
①There's no doubt whether exams are important, so it is important to have a right attitude to them.
_______________________________________________________________
②We'll discuss the problem if the sports meeting will be held on time.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：①whether→that　②if→whether

(1)句中that引导的从句是同位语从句。
(2)同位语从句(Appositive Clause)在句子中作某一抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，解释和说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt, promise, suggestion, order, possibility等。
通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，在从句中不作句子成分，不能省略，从句用陈述句语序。
同位语从句还可以用whether, when, where, why, how等引导。
课文回练 升华运用
Li Daiyu and Liu Qian __1__ (be) on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins on the Atlantic coast. Rather than __2__ (take) the aeroplane all the way, they took the train from west to east across Canada. The thought __3__ they could cross the whole continent was exciting. Canada is the second __4__ (large) country in the world. People say Vancouver is Canada's most beautiful city __5__ (surround) by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Along the coast north of Vancouver, it is __6__ wet there that the trees are extremely tall. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in __7__ (they) seats. They know cowboys from all over the world compete in the Stampede. Many cowboys have a gift __8__ riding wild horses. They also learned __9__ most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border and Canada's population is only __10__ (slight)over thirty million.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.were　2.take　3.that　4.largest　5.surrounded
6．so　7.their　8.for　9.that　10.slightly
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge.
答案：what　分析句子结构可知，本句的“half of ________ it used to charge”在句中作$20的同位语，由此可知这里要用what引导名词性从句，作介词of的宾语，同时what在定语从句中又作charge的宾语，因此填what。
2．My grandfather's collection of paintings can leave a deep ________ (impress) on all of you.
答案：impression　leave a deep impression on sb. “给某人留下深刻印象”。
3．They built themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded ________ (surround) of the town.
答案：surroundings　此处surroundings为名词，意为“环境”。
4．Little babies are ________ (tradition) expected to imitate their fathers.
答案：traditionally　此处副词traditionally修饰expected to imitate。
5．The young woman grew up in a ____________ (wealth) family.
答案：wealthy　形容词wealthy “富裕的”修饰名词family。
6．Children are usually ________ (terrify) when alone in the dark.
答案：terrified　形容词terrified “感到害怕的”，在句中作表语。
7．Nancy's first reaction to the news was a strange ________ (mix) of joy and anger.
答案：mixture　a mixture of ... “……的混合体”。
8．The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen at a ________ (distant) of 60 miles.
答案：distance　at a distance of 60 miles “在60英里外”。
9．After a long wait, some of them finally get to stay and settle ________， while others have to pack up and leave.
答案：down　settle down 为固定短语，在本句中意为“定居”。
10．Tom managed ________ (set) aside a few dollars of his wages each week to buy a computer.
答案：to set　manage to do sth. “设法做成某事”。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．Judging from his singing, he ________________ (有天赋) music.
答案：has a gift/talent for
2．______________________________ (据我所知), The Journey to the West (《西游记》) was written by Wu Cheng'en.
答案：As far as I'm concerned
3．Finally, we ________________________ the primary school, teaching students to learn the Three Character Classic.
最后我们终于到达那所小学，教学生学《三字经》。
答案：managed to arrive at
4．_______________________________________________________________
我正在公园散步，突然看到有人在下棋。(catch sight of)
答案：I was walking in the park when I caught sight of someone playing Chinese chess.
5．_______________________________________________________________
他宁愿拉二胡，不愿弹钢琴。
答案：He would play erhu rather than play the piano.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Once upon a time, there was a king in a big, rich country. The king was quite fond of __1__ (travel). However, he didn't like to travel in his own country. Instead, he went to other __2__ (country). One day, he gathered his army to go to a __3__ (distance) country. After walking for the whole morning in the forest, the king and his soldiers made camp __4__ (have) a rest.
The horses were also tired, so they __5__ (feed) on peas. A monkey saw the peas, so he jumped down from the tree to get some of them. While he __6__ (eat), one pea fell from his hand to the ground. The greedy monkey dropped all the peas he had and ran down to look for the pea, __7__ he failed.
The king was watching the monkey from the camp and said to __8__ (he), “I should not be like this stupid monkey __9__ lost so much to gain so little. I will go back to my own country and enjoy what I have.” Thus, the king and his army marched __10__ to their own country.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。全文通过记叙古代的一位喜欢远赴他国旅游的国王在一次境外野营时发生的故事，告诉读者应珍惜自己所拥有的一切，不应好高骛远。
1．travelling　考查非谓语动词。介词of后边要跟动词­ing形式作宾语。
2．countries　考查名词。other countries “其他国家”。
3．distant　考查词性转换。此处用形容词distant修饰名词country。
4．to have　考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式表目的。
5．were fed　考查动词的时态和语态。马应是被喂豆子，因此用被动语态，且本句描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
6．was eating　考查动词的时态。由句意可知，此处表示“它正吃的时候”。
7．but　考查连词。由句意可知此处应表转折。
8．himself　考查代词。say to oneself “自言自语”。
9．who/that　考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是monkey，用关系代词who/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
10．back　考查副词。由上一句中的“go back”知此处用back。march back “行军返回到……”。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Living without an aim is like sailing without compass. If there is no aim in our lives, we will get lose. Last term, I couldn't accept the truth which I failed in my math examination. I decided to give it up, so I skipped from classes frequently. Considered my case, my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a short­term goal to improve my math. Finally, I work harder than ever and made great progress in her math. In my opinion, success lies in a series of goals. However, we should remember to make our targets clearly and spare no effort to realize our dreams.
答案：
Living without an aim is like sailing without compass. If there is no aim in our lives, we will get . Last term, I couldn't accept the truth I failed in my math examination. I decided to give it up, so I skipped classes frequently. my case, my teacher offered me several detailed and advised me to set a short­term goal to improve my math. Finally, I harder than ever and made great progress in math. In my opinion, success lies in a series of goals. ， we should remember to make our targets and spare no effort to realize our dreams.
难项分析：
第一处：compass前加a　考查冠词。compass为可数名词，表示泛指要用不定冠词。
第三处：which→that　考查同位语从句的连接词。名词truth后的句子为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且从句意义完整，故用that。
第九处：However→Therefore　考查副词。根据语境可知，此处为因果关系；后面有逗号隔开，故应改为副词Therefore。