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2019届（全国卷）高三考前仿真适应性训练（二）英语试题（解析版）
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考前仿真适应性训练(二)
(时间100分钟，满分120分)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Life Coaching Courses
Life coaching courses are perfect for individuals with excellent interpersonal skills and are willing to help people achieve their goals. The role of a Life Coach is to provide support and guidance for people looking forward to changing or improving a certain aspect of their life. This can be emotional or healthrelated and, in the overall sense, it can mean total life support and life coaching.
Life coaching courses available through NCC are below：
Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) Diploma
This qualityassured diploma in Emotional Freedom Technique is a form of emotional and psychological acupressure (指压), which makes use of a simple tapping routine coupled with statements made by the client (客户) to express how they feel about the problem in hand.
Price: WAS ￡ 550.00 NOW ￡ 440.00
Awarding Body: ABC Awards
Average Duration (持续时间): 200 hours
Course Support: 12 months access to the course
Health Coaching Diploma
The Health Coaching Level 3 Diploma course is appealing for those who wish to improve soft skills or the job that they already have. In addition, it is for those with a keen interest in health promotion.
Price: WAS ￡ 550.00 NOW ￡ 440.00
Awarding Body: ABC Awards
Average Duration: 200 hours
Course Support: 12 months access to the course
Life Coaching Diploma
The Life Coaching Diploma course aims to provide the learner with knowledge of how life coaching works and what a Life Coach does. It could be the beginning of a whole new life, not only for you, but for all your potential clients!
Price: WAS ￡ 408.00 NOW ￡ 326.40
Awarding Body: NCFE Certificate
Average Duration: 200 hours
Course Support: 12 months expert tutor support
1. Who are life coaching courses intended for?
A. Those who have emotional needs.
B. Those who need a major life change.
C. Those who want to keep physical fitness.
D. Those who are good at socializing.
2. What can people learn from the Life Coaching Diploma course?
A. The job of Life Coaches.
B. The history of life coaching.
C. The way to develop soft skills.
D. The meaning of job promotion.
3. What do these life coaching courses have in common?
A. The courses all last for 12 hours on average.
B. A 20% discount is offered for each course now.
C. All the courses are given by experts in that field.
D. All participants can get a diploma from ABC Awards.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了人生导师的工作内容以及三种生活辅导课程的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中第一句“Life coaching courses are perfect help people achieve their goals.”可知，生活辅导课是为那些有极好的人际交往技巧的人设计的，并愿意帮助他们实现目标。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Life Coaching Diploma部分中的“The Life Coaching Diploma course aims to what a Life Coach does.”可知，参加Life Coaching Diploma课程的人可以了解人生教练是做什么的，即了解其职业特征。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中给出的三种人生教练课程的价格信息“Price: WAS ￡ 550.00 NOW ￡ 440.00”“Price：WAS ￡ 550.00 NOW ￡ 440.00”“Price: WAS ￡ 408.00 NOW ￡ 326.40”可知，这三种课程的共同之处是每种课程目前的费用都有20%的打折。故选B项。
B
When I was a boy there were no smartphones, and our television only got one channel clearly.Still, I was never bored.The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.I can remember once hiking to a nearby lake.At the backside of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before.It was full of muddy tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.
I walked on and on for hours.I was sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ear “Turn around and head back home”， but I was stubborn, so I walked on.There was still neither a car nor a house in sight.I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew scared.I didn’t want to end up trapped on this road, and I was worried that it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake again.
I continued to walk on with something growing inside of me.My heart was pounding and my legs were aching.I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance.It was a house that I recognized.I jumped up and down and laughed out loud.It was still over a mile away but my legs felt like feathers and I hurried back to my house in no time.I walked in with a big smile on my face just in time for dinner.
I remembered this recently when I saw a sign that said “All roads lead home”．It is true.In life, all roads, no matter how they twist and turn, can lead us home again.What is important, though, is how we travel them.Are we going to go forth in fear or are we going to go forth in faith? Are we going to make this life a terrible trip or are we going to make this life a joyful journey? The choice is ours.
4. Why did the author hardly feel bored when he was young?
A. Because he could have fun in nature.
B. Because he could watch TV all day.
C. Because he had many friends.
D. Because he used to explore the old dirt road.
5. How did the author feel when he was exploring the dirt road?
A. He thought he would be scolded by his parents.
B. He felt contradictory in mind.
C. He thought he would be trapped in the woods.
D. He was unconscious.
6. What does “something” probably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Doubt. B. Hope.
C. Courage. D. Fear.
7. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?
A. Always make choices on our own.
B. All roads lead home.
C. It’s our attitude that matters in our life.
D. Every effort is worthwhile.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己童年时期的快乐时光，并通过童年时经历的一件事告诉我们：人生中最重要的内容是对待生活的态度。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.”可知，在童年时期，作者可以到大自然中尽情地玩耍，所以不会觉得无聊。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，在探险之初，作者虽想放弃，但还是选择了继续走下去；根据下文可知，作者虽然担心害怕，但仍然继续前行。由此可推知，在探险过程中他的内心是矛盾的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
代词指代题。根据第二段中的“I grew scared”及第三段中的“My heart was pounding and my legs were aching.”可推知，由于天越来越黑，作者一直未能找到回家的路，他的内心越来越恐惧。由此可推知，something在此指“恐惧”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
写作目的题。根据最后一段中的“What is important, though, is how we travel a terrible trip or are we going to make this life a joyful journey？”可知，作者想要告诉我们的是生活中态度才是重要的。故选C项。
C
David Rees runs a truly distinctive business.He charges customers $15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection, using a variety of tools.
I know what you’re thinking — is this a joke? The 39yearold gets asked that question a lot.To clarify everything, he even created a special section on his website telling everyone he’s actually providing a real service.
You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils.After that, he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.
To achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools, including general sandpaper, pocket knives and even a special $450 sharpening machine.“It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for，” he says.That determines the most appropriate pencilsharpening technique.Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.
$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right? You’re not the only one who feels that way, and David’s unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in America, saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay $15 to sharpen a pencil.But others will say, “This is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business.”
David admits his trade is sort of unusual.But there are those who actually value his service, as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.
8. How could David make money by sharpening pencils?
A. He invented new tools for the job.
B. He promoted his skill on his website.
C. He saved lots of time for other people.
D. He provided quality service for his customers.
9. From his words, we can infer that David Rees .
A. knows all kinds of pencil users
B. provides personalized services
C. values ideas behind the pencils
D. always writes in pencil
10. What does the underlined word “insane” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Deliberate. B. Rewarding.
C. Unreasonable. D. Irresponsible.
11. What seems to be the author’s attitude to David Rees’ trade?
A. It’s a fancy service.
B. It has a good reputation.
C. It’s awfully expensive.
D. It wastes time and money.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了David Roes 通过帮别人削铅笔赚钱的独特生意。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段He charges customers$15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection，using a variety of tools.可知David是通过把铅笔削完美赚钱的，所以D正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第4段It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for，以及Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.可知他是根据顾客的不同需求而提供不同的服务的，所以B正确。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段David's unique business has really angered lots of people，who talk of inequality in America，saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay$15 to sharpen a pencil.可知这些人不赞成这种想法，认为花15美元学铅笔太贵了，这是不合理的，所以C正确。
【11题详解】
观点态度题。根据文章第一段David Rees runs a truly distinctive business以及最后一段But there are those who actually value his service，as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.可知作者认为他的运营模式很独特，所以A正确。
D
Some people are so rude!
Who sends an email or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?
Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little politeness. But many social agreed standards just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. Email, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.
My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated, he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked. “Just text him.”
In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask onceacceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when you answer, they respond with a thankyou email.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy. Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thankyou message. Others, like me, want no reply.
The anthropologist (人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that timewasting forms of communication do.
12. What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A. Worried. B. Surprised.
C. Annoyed. D. Tired.
13. Why didn’t the writer reply to his father?
A. He liked text messages better.
B. He enjoyed checking his voice mail.
C. He didn’t receive any voice mail messages.
D. He didn’t want to talk with his father.
14. Which of the following does the writer agree to?
A. People needn’t learn from one another in traditional societies.
B. Dealing with voice mail should vary with each individual.
C. People needn’t turn to Google for help when in trouble.
D. Declaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary.
15. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Nowadays: what should we do with text messages?
B. Nowadays: do you like leaving others a voice message?
C. Nowadays: what means should we use in communication?
D. Nowadays: do you need a thankyou message?
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。随着数字通讯设备的普及，人们对通讯礼节标准的理解也发生了很大的变化。作者在文中讨论了现代生活中人与人之间不同的交流方法：邮件，语音邮件和文本短信等，并发表了自己对这些方式的看法。
【12题详解】
猜测词义题。由上一句“My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to”（我父亲在留给我十几条语音信箱，我一个也没听过后得到了这个教训）及下句“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”（他打电话给我妹妹表达了他的不满）可知，可以推测他一定是恼怒的，分析选项可知C符合题意。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. Email, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.(发信息，你不需要说你是谁或者说你好，而电子邮件比信息更慢，语音邮件是一种不礼貌连接方式。)由此可知，作者更喜欢文本信息。分析选项可知A项符合题意。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段How to handle these differing standards？Easy：Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thankyou message. Others, like me, want no reply.(如何处理这些不同的标准？很简单。考虑一下你的听众。有些人，尤其是年长的，喜欢你的留言。其他人，像我，不需要回复。)由此可知，作者认为应当考虑不同的对方来解决不同的语音邮件。分析选项可知B项正确。
【15题详解】
主旨归纳题。由全文内容可知作者讨论了现代生活中人与人之间不同的交流方法，并发表了对使用哪一种的看法。分析选项可知C项符合题意。
【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义
运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。如第1小题，由上一句“My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages，none of which I listened to”及下句“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”，我的父亲离开我后学会了发语音消息，可是我一条都没有听，他打电话给我妹妹表示不满（his dissatisfaction）。可以推测他一定是恼怒的，分析选项可知C符合题意。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re a firsttime language learner, you know that emotional (情感的) ups and downs is a normal situation.When you understand a concept or begin to comprehend the language, you may experience feelings of excitement.However, those are often followed by moments of disappointment and discouragement, during which you might feel as if you will never master the concepts and attain the ability to understand and communicate effectively.___16___
•Learn vocabulary effectively.
Vocabulary is the most important part of communication.The more words you know, the more you can say and understand.The absolute best way to learn vocabulary is through the use of flash cards that you make yourself.Purchase a set of 3×5 index cards (索引卡片) and cut them in half.___17___ As you learn more information about each word, e．g.plural forms of nouns and principle parts of verbs, you can add these to the cards.
•___18___
Research shows that language students learn more effectively and acquire more when they study frequently and for shorter periods of time than if they study infrequently for extended periods of time.___19___ This means, doing a few homework exercises each day rather than doing all homework the night before they are due.
•Practice language actively.
___20___ Say vocabulary words out loud, read passages in the text aloud, do pronunciation activities orally and not just mentally.Write out the answers to activities rather than gliding through them in your mind.Read aloud entire sentences in an activity rather than just reading a fillin response.Transferring language from your mind to your mouth is a skill that requires a great deal of practice.
A．Break study time into smaller periods.
B．Then use flash cards as a learning tool.
C．Try to study each day, and several times a day.
D．The timetested approaches are effective in your learning.
E．Write a word on the front and its English definition on the back.
F．Whenever possible, speak the language aloud rather than reciting silently to yourself.
G．Below are some approaches that will relieve your potential frustration and help you succeed in language learning.
【答案】16. G 17. E
18. A 19. C
20. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为语言初学者提供了学习语言的三条建议。
【16题详解】
上文提到初学语言者会在学习语言的过程中遇到挫折，认为自己不可能掌握那些概念，也不能有效地进行交流的内容及下文给出的三条学习语言的建议可知，此处应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故G项“下面是一些将缓解你潜在的挫折感，帮助你成功进行语言学习的方法”符合语境。所以选择G项。
【17题详解】
根据空后一句可知，当你学到更多有关每个单词的信息时，你可以把它们添加到卡片上，因此空处内容应涉及在卡片上记上某些东西，故E项“把单词写在卡片的正面，并把它的英语释义写在背面”符合语境。所以选择E项。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容可知，语言学习者把学习时间分成各个小段来频繁地学习比一次学习很长时间取得的效果要好，因此本段提供的学习方法应是把学习时间分成小段来进行学习，故A项符合语境。所以选择A项。
【19题详解】
根据空后一句可知，此处是在说每天应该做一些家庭作业而不是拖到最后一刻完成，故C项“试着每天都学习，并且一天学习多次”符合语境。所以选择C项。
【20题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Practice language actively.”可知，本段主要讲的是要积极地练习语言，故F项“只要有可能，大声地说出这门语言，而不是静静地背给自己听”符合语境。所以选择F项。
【点睛】本文小题1出现在段尾，应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，把以下三条学习语言的建议与第一段连接在一起。如果问题在段尾，我们可以从以下7个方面思考：
(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
(c)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
(d)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。
(e)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
(f)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May. I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine ___21___ off the leaves. It was such a ___22___ and heavenly time.
My calm was broken, ___23___， as I rounded a curve (拐弯处). A huge UHaul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to ___24___ it. It was followed by not one but two other UHaul trucks just as ___25___. I wondered if all the stuff inside of them ___26___ the same person. I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to ___27___. It was then that I ___28___ a selfstorage business along the side of the highway, building new units for all the people who couldn’t fit their ___29___ into their houses. I saw a(n) ___30___ couple carrying boxes into one of the units. It seemed ___31___ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.
I lost my own ___32___ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned. The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing. Yet, our whole family had awakened ___33___ to escape. In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet, but none of it seemed as ___34___ any more. What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze (打盹) in his chair ___35___ a hard day’s work. What was important was the stuff of ___36___， not the stuff of this world. Since then I have tried to limit the things I would ___37___.I didn’t want too much stuff to ___38___ my life. I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and ___39___ my family and others.
I assumed that only by doing so could I make my ___40___.
21. A. appreciating B. reflecting C. admiring D. releasing
22. A. refreshing B. delightful C. peaceful D. dynamic
23. A. though B. too C. anyway D. instead
24. A. miss B. reject C. ignore D. desert
25. A. useful B. large C. new D. good
26. A. turned to B. referred to C. reacted to D. belonged to
27. A. beat B. pulse C. accelerate D. follow
28. A. noticed B. thought C. did D. established
29. A. furniture B. boxes C. possessions D. materials
30. A. old B. young C. middleaged D. small
31. A. curious B. apparent C. certain D. obvious
32. A. hope B. talent C. faith D. taste
33. A. in return B. in turn C. in time D. in vain
34. A. affordable B. significant C. beneficial D. practical
35. A. before B. in C. after D. during
36. A. mind B. hand C. head D. soul
37. A. purchase B. donate C. waste D. need
38. A. put up B. crowd up C. bring up D. set up
39. A. helping B. abusing C. loving D. affecting
40. A. name B. day C. world D. way
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了家里无需添置、堆砌太多的东西, 这些都是身外之物，花费时间学习、发展和爱家人，这才是快乐的真谛。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我看到金色的阳光映射到叶子上。A. appreciating欣赏；B. reflecting反射；C. admiring羡慕；D. releasing释放， 故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据My calm was broken可知这是如此平静和美好的时光。A. refreshing清爽；B. delightful令人愉快的；C. peaceful和平的；D. dynamic动态的，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：然而，在拐弯处时，我的平静被打破了。A. though尽管；B. too也； C. anyway无论如何；D. instead反而，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：为了避开它，我往路边急转弯。A. miss错过；B. reject拒绝；C. ignore忽视；D. desert遗弃，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据A huge U-Haul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. 可知这里意思是另外两个大卡车。A. useful有用的； B. large巨大的；C. new新的；D. good好的，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想知道是否里面的所有东西都属于同一个人。A. turned to转向；B. referred to被提及；C. reacted to对…作出反应；D. belonged to属于，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我的车减速，等待心率跟上, 即表示慢慢平复受惊的心。A. beat打； B. pulse跳动；C. accelerate加速；D. follow跟随，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：就在那个时候，我注意到高速路边的自存生意。A. noticed注意；B. thought想；C. did做；D. established建立，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据It seemed ___11___ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.可知这里意思是为不能把财产放进他们房子里的人们建造了一些新的装置。A. furniture家具；B. boxes盒子；C. possessions财产；D. materials材料，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据下文a couple just out of their teens 可判断出这是一对年轻的夫妇。A. old年老的；B. young年轻的；C. middle-aged中年的；D. small小的，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：刚从青少年时代走出来的夫妇，就有这么多东西，真让人好奇。A. curious好奇的；B. apparent显然的；C. certain必然的；D. obvious明显的，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当我的房子在午夜发生火灾，烧毁了我家所有的东西时，我失去了拥有东西的兴趣。A. hope希望；B. talent才能；C. faith信念；D. taste兴趣，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：然而，我们全家及时醒过来，逃跑了。A. in return作为报答；B. in turn轮流；C. in time及时；D. in vain徒然，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据What was important was the stuff of ___16___,可知这里意思是但是，没有一件东西再那么重要了。A. valuable有价值的；B. significant重要的； C. beneficial有益的；D. practical实际的，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：看到父亲辛苦工作一天后，在椅子上打盹。A. before在…之前；B. in在…之内；C. after在…之后；D. during在…期间，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据not the stuff of this world.可知这里意思是重要的是心灵的东西。A. mind理智；B. hand手；C. head头；D. soul心灵，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and ___19___ my family and others.可知这里意思是从那个时候开始，我尽量限制我购买的东西。A. purchase购买；B. donate捐赠；C. waste浪费；D. need需要，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不想让太多的东西挤满我的生活。A. put up张贴；B. crowd up挤满；C. bring up养育；D. set up建立，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze(打盹)in his chair ___15___ a hard day’s work.可知花费我的时间学习、发展和爱家人。 A. helping帮助；B. abusing滥用；C. loving爱；D. affecting影响，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我确定只有那样做，才能让我高兴。make one’s day让某人高兴，该短语是固定短语，故选B。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第19小题，根据What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze(打盹)in his chair ___15___ a hard day’s work.可知这些行为都是爱家人的表现，由此推知这里意思是花费我的时间学习、发展和爱家人。 A. helping帮助；B. abusing滥用；C. loving爱；D. affecting影响，故选C。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In September, in Britain, you may see a lot of swallows. They are gathering together because, very soon, they will be flying south to much ___41___ (warm) lands, where they will find plenty of small flying insects on ___42___ they feed. There are no such insects about in Britain during the winter, as it is too cold ___43___ them.
The swallows settle, fly off, dash, and settle again. This they do many times, for they are making short practicing ___44___ (flight) in order to be fit for the long journey ahead of them.
Flocks of these ___45___ (migrate) birds leave Britain in the autumn. They fly ___46___ (steady) for hundreds of miles before they reach the warm lands of Africa. But not all the birds get there, for many of them die in the ___47___ (storm) weather they meet with on the way.
In the spring of the following year they make the long and tiring journey back to Britain. They get ___48___ (settle) on the same barn or tree in the same district which they ___49___ (leave) the previous autumn.
Nobody knows exactly how these birds find their way there and back over such vast distance, but it has something ___50___ (do) with winds and air currents.
【答案】41. warmer
42. which 43. for
44. flights
45. migrating
46. steadily
47. stormy 48. settled
49. left 50. to do
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国燕子的迁徙。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。它们聚集到一起是因为不久之后它们将飞往南方比较温暖的地方。根据语境可知此处应用形容词的比较级。所以要填比较级形式warmer。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。在那里，它们会发现大量的小飞虫，它们以此为食物。根据语境及句型结构可知，此处应用on which引导定语从句，which代替上文提到的insects。所以要填关系代词which。
【43题详解】
考查介词。因为对它们来说，英国的冬天太冷了。此处用介词for表示“对……来说”。所以要填for。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。它们正在做短程的飞行训练。根据语境可知，此处飞行不止一次，所以应填名词的复数形式。所以要填复数名词flights。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。在秋天的时候，这些成群迁徙的鸟儿离开英国。根据句意可知，birds与动词migrate之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作定语。所以要填现在分词migrating。
【46题详解】
考查副词。在它们到达非洲温暖的地方之前，它们要平稳地飞行数百英里。此处应用副词修饰动词。所以要填副词steadily。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。但是并不是所有的鸟儿都会到达那儿，因为途中有许多鸟儿在遇到的暴风雨天气中死去。根据空前的the以及空后的weather可知，此处修饰名词应用形容词。所以要填形容词stormy。
【48题详解】
考查被动语态。空处位于系动词get后，应用过去分词形式，get settled意为“定居下来”。所以要填过去分词settled。
【49题详解】
考查动词的时态。它们在同一地区相同的谷仓或树上定居下来，那是它们前一年秋天离开的地方。根据句意可知，此处“离开”是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。所以要填过去式left。
【50题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：但是，这和风以及气流有关。句中动词短语have something to do with 意为“与……有关”，为固定短语。所以要填不定式to do。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As teenagers, we should attach great important to reading.Reading can benefit from us teenagers a great deal.Firstly, reading improves our school grades.Secondly, reading helps us expanding our horizons.Thirdly, reading may contribute to finding solutions to their own problems.Finally, reading is a enjoyable experience.
It is strongly suggested that our spare time is made full use of read as much as possible.We teenagers should stay devoted to read what we are interested in.Besides, we should active participate in some activities that are related to reading, what we can not only get our knowledge enriched but also gain a lot of pleasure.
【答案】第一句：important→importance
第二句：去掉from
第四句：expanding→expand
第五句：their→our
第六句：a→an
第七句：第二个is→be; of后加to
第八句：read→reading
第九句：active→actively; what→where
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，阅读对年轻人非常重要，文章详细说明了阅读的重要性，还告知年轻人要多读自己感兴趣的内容。
【详解】第一处：考查名词。句意：作为年轻人，我们应该非常重视阅读。动词短语attach importance to意为“重视……”，其中名词importance做动词attach的宾语，而形容词是不能做动词的宾语的。所以要把important改为importance。
第二处：考查动词。句意：阅读可以让我们年轻人受益巨大。动词benefit意为“使……受益”，后面可以直接加宾语表示“使……受益”，句中from是多余的。所以要删除us前面的from。
第三处：考查动词搭配。句意：其次，阅读可以帮助我们拓宽眼界。动词短语help sb do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”，使用动词原形做宾语补足语。所以要把expanding改为expand。
第四处：考查代词。句意：第三，阅读可以帮助找到解决我们的问题的方法。句中应该使用our与前句中us保持一致，表示阅读对我们年轻人的好处。所以要把their改为our。
第五处：考查不定冠词。句意：最终，阅读是一个愉快的经历。以元音音素开始的单词前面要用不定冠词an修饰，表示泛指。句中enjoyable是以元音音素开始的，所以要把不定冠词a改为an。
第六处：考查虚拟语气。动词suggest（建议）相关的宾语从句要要虚拟语气“（should）+动词原形”，句中应该使用“（should）be made full …”，所以要把is改为be。
第七处：考查不定式。句意：人们建议为了尽可能多地阅读，我们的空闲时间应该被充分利用。句中不定式充当目的状语，说明空闲时间被利用的目的。所以要在of后加to。
第八处：考查动名词。句意：我们年轻人应该专注于阅读我们感兴趣的内容。形容词短语be devoted to意为“致力于……”，其中to是介词，后面要接名词动名词做宾语，所以要把read改为reading。
第九处：考查副词。在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子；而形容词通常做定语表语修饰名词代词，本句中使用副词修饰动词短语participate in…，所以要把active改为actively。
第十处：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是some activities，定语从句的结构很完整，要用关系副词引导where引导，而what不能引导定语从句，所以要把what改为where。
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是李华，你将负责接待来自美国友好学校的师生。请你用英语写一篇欢迎词，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍活动安排；
3．表达相互交流的愿望。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear American guests,
It's my great honor to express our warm welcome to you on behalf of our school. We are excited to have you here during this time.
As scheduled, we'll show you around our campus, which will allow you to get a general impression of our school. Then you're supposed to visit our teaching buildings, the school stadium and the dormitories as well. After that, we will have lunch together in the school canteen: In the afternoon, a free talk will be arranged so that we can talk about the school life and different cultures of the two countries. In the evening, there will be a welcome party for you. The party will begin at eight o'clock in the school hall. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in it. I hope we will benefit a lot from your presence.
We hope you'll have a pleasant time during your stay' here. Thanks for your attention!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇欢迎词。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇欢迎词；假如你是李华，你将负责接待来自美国友好学校的师生，请你用英语写一篇欢迎词，内容包括：表示欢迎、介绍活动安排、表达相互交流的愿望。人称应为第一人称，时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：warm welcome（热烈欢迎），on behalf of our school（代表我们学校），show sb. around（带某人转一转），schedule（安排）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。结构上：采用三段成文，第一段欢迎美国朋友的到来；第二段介绍英语周的活动；第三段表达愿望，希望获准。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者使用了非常好的短语和句子为文章增色不少，比如on behalf of，As scheduled，consist of benefit from等等；还运用了不定式to have作状语，to develop作表语等，动名词listening等作宾语，hope后宾语从句等等。
It's my great honor to express our warm welcome to you on behalf of our school（高分句型一）我很荣幸代表我们学校向您表示热烈的欢迎。句中on behalf of为固定搭配，意为“代表……”
I hope we will benefit a lot from your presence. (高分句型二)意为“从……中获益”我希望我们能从您的光临中获益良多。句中benefit from为固定搭配。
全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
(时间100分钟，满分120分)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Life Coaching Courses
Life coaching courses are perfect for individuals with excellent interpersonal skills and are willing to help people achieve their goals. The role of a Life Coach is to provide support and guidance for people looking forward to changing or improving a certain aspect of their life. This can be emotional or healthrelated and, in the overall sense, it can mean total life support and life coaching.
Life coaching courses available through NCC are below：
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Awarding Body: ABC Awards
Average Duration (持续时间): 200 hours
Course Support: 12 months access to the course
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Awarding Body: ABC Awards
Average Duration: 200 hours
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Life Coaching Diploma
The Life Coaching Diploma course aims to provide the learner with knowledge of how life coaching works and what a Life Coach does. It could be the beginning of a whole new life, not only for you, but for all your potential clients!
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Awarding Body: NCFE Certificate
Average Duration: 200 hours
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1. Who are life coaching courses intended for?
A. Those who have emotional needs.
B. Those who need a major life change.
C. Those who want to keep physical fitness.
D. Those who are good at socializing.
2. What can people learn from the Life Coaching Diploma course?
A. The job of Life Coaches.
B. The history of life coaching.
C. The way to develop soft skills.
D. The meaning of job promotion.
3. What do these life coaching courses have in common?
A. The courses all last for 12 hours on average.
B. A 20% discount is offered for each course now.
C. All the courses are given by experts in that field.
D. All participants can get a diploma from ABC Awards.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了人生导师的工作内容以及三种生活辅导课程的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中第一句“Life coaching courses are perfect help people achieve their goals.”可知，生活辅导课是为那些有极好的人际交往技巧的人设计的，并愿意帮助他们实现目标。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Life Coaching Diploma部分中的“The Life Coaching Diploma course aims to what a Life Coach does.”可知，参加Life Coaching Diploma课程的人可以了解人生教练是做什么的，即了解其职业特征。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中给出的三种人生教练课程的价格信息“Price: WAS ￡ 550.00 NOW ￡ 440.00”“Price：WAS ￡ 550.00 NOW ￡ 440.00”“Price: WAS ￡ 408.00 NOW ￡ 326.40”可知，这三种课程的共同之处是每种课程目前的费用都有20%的打折。故选B项。
B
When I was a boy there were no smartphones, and our television only got one channel clearly.Still, I was never bored.The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.I can remember once hiking to a nearby lake.At the backside of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before.It was full of muddy tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.
I walked on and on for hours.I was sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ear “Turn around and head back home”， but I was stubborn, so I walked on.There was still neither a car nor a house in sight.I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew scared.I didn’t want to end up trapped on this road, and I was worried that it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake again.
I continued to walk on with something growing inside of me.My heart was pounding and my legs were aching.I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance.It was a house that I recognized.I jumped up and down and laughed out loud.It was still over a mile away but my legs felt like feathers and I hurried back to my house in no time.I walked in with a big smile on my face just in time for dinner.
I remembered this recently when I saw a sign that said “All roads lead home”．It is true.In life, all roads, no matter how they twist and turn, can lead us home again.What is important, though, is how we travel them.Are we going to go forth in fear or are we going to go forth in faith? Are we going to make this life a terrible trip or are we going to make this life a joyful journey? The choice is ours.
4. Why did the author hardly feel bored when he was young?
A. Because he could have fun in nature.
B. Because he could watch TV all day.
C. Because he had many friends.
D. Because he used to explore the old dirt road.
5. How did the author feel when he was exploring the dirt road?
A. He thought he would be scolded by his parents.
B. He felt contradictory in mind.
C. He thought he would be trapped in the woods.
D. He was unconscious.
6. What does “something” probably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Doubt. B. Hope.
C. Courage. D. Fear.
7. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?
A. Always make choices on our own.
B. All roads lead home.
C. It’s our attitude that matters in our life.
D. Every effort is worthwhile.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己童年时期的快乐时光，并通过童年时经历的一件事告诉我们：人生中最重要的内容是对待生活的态度。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.”可知，在童年时期，作者可以到大自然中尽情地玩耍，所以不会觉得无聊。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，在探险之初，作者虽想放弃，但还是选择了继续走下去；根据下文可知，作者虽然担心害怕，但仍然继续前行。由此可推知，在探险过程中他的内心是矛盾的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
代词指代题。根据第二段中的“I grew scared”及第三段中的“My heart was pounding and my legs were aching.”可推知，由于天越来越黑，作者一直未能找到回家的路，他的内心越来越恐惧。由此可推知，something在此指“恐惧”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
写作目的题。根据最后一段中的“What is important, though, is how we travel a terrible trip or are we going to make this life a joyful journey？”可知，作者想要告诉我们的是生活中态度才是重要的。故选C项。
C
David Rees runs a truly distinctive business.He charges customers $15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection, using a variety of tools.
I know what you’re thinking — is this a joke? The 39yearold gets asked that question a lot.To clarify everything, he even created a special section on his website telling everyone he’s actually providing a real service.
You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils.After that, he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.
To achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools, including general sandpaper, pocket knives and even a special $450 sharpening machine.“It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for，” he says.That determines the most appropriate pencilsharpening technique.Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.
$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right? You’re not the only one who feels that way, and David’s unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in America, saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay $15 to sharpen a pencil.But others will say, “This is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business.”
David admits his trade is sort of unusual.But there are those who actually value his service, as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.
8. How could David make money by sharpening pencils?
A. He invented new tools for the job.
B. He promoted his skill on his website.
C. He saved lots of time for other people.
D. He provided quality service for his customers.
9. From his words, we can infer that David Rees .
A. knows all kinds of pencil users
B. provides personalized services
C. values ideas behind the pencils
D. always writes in pencil
10. What does the underlined word “insane” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Deliberate. B. Rewarding.
C. Unreasonable. D. Irresponsible.
11. What seems to be the author’s attitude to David Rees’ trade?
A. It’s a fancy service.
B. It has a good reputation.
C. It’s awfully expensive.
D. It wastes time and money.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了David Roes 通过帮别人削铅笔赚钱的独特生意。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段He charges customers$15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection，using a variety of tools.可知David是通过把铅笔削完美赚钱的，所以D正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第4段It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for，以及Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.可知他是根据顾客的不同需求而提供不同的服务的，所以B正确。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段David's unique business has really angered lots of people，who talk of inequality in America，saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay$15 to sharpen a pencil.可知这些人不赞成这种想法，认为花15美元学铅笔太贵了，这是不合理的，所以C正确。
【11题详解】
观点态度题。根据文章第一段David Rees runs a truly distinctive business以及最后一段But there are those who actually value his service，as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.可知作者认为他的运营模式很独特，所以A正确。
D
Some people are so rude!
Who sends an email or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?
Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little politeness. But many social agreed standards just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. Email, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.
My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated, he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked. “Just text him.”
In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask onceacceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when you answer, they respond with a thankyou email.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy. Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thankyou message. Others, like me, want no reply.
The anthropologist (人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that timewasting forms of communication do.
12. What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A. Worried. B. Surprised.
C. Annoyed. D. Tired.
13. Why didn’t the writer reply to his father?
A. He liked text messages better.
B. He enjoyed checking his voice mail.
C. He didn’t receive any voice mail messages.
D. He didn’t want to talk with his father.
14. Which of the following does the writer agree to?
A. People needn’t learn from one another in traditional societies.
B. Dealing with voice mail should vary with each individual.
C. People needn’t turn to Google for help when in trouble.
D. Declaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary.
15. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Nowadays: what should we do with text messages?
B. Nowadays: do you like leaving others a voice message?
C. Nowadays: what means should we use in communication?
D. Nowadays: do you need a thankyou message?
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。随着数字通讯设备的普及，人们对通讯礼节标准的理解也发生了很大的变化。作者在文中讨论了现代生活中人与人之间不同的交流方法：邮件，语音邮件和文本短信等，并发表了自己对这些方式的看法。
【12题详解】
猜测词义题。由上一句“My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to”（我父亲在留给我十几条语音信箱，我一个也没听过后得到了这个教训）及下句“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”（他打电话给我妹妹表达了他的不满）可知，可以推测他一定是恼怒的，分析选项可知C符合题意。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. Email, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.(发信息，你不需要说你是谁或者说你好，而电子邮件比信息更慢，语音邮件是一种不礼貌连接方式。)由此可知，作者更喜欢文本信息。分析选项可知A项符合题意。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段How to handle these differing standards？Easy：Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thankyou message. Others, like me, want no reply.(如何处理这些不同的标准？很简单。考虑一下你的听众。有些人，尤其是年长的，喜欢你的留言。其他人，像我，不需要回复。)由此可知，作者认为应当考虑不同的对方来解决不同的语音邮件。分析选项可知B项正确。
【15题详解】
主旨归纳题。由全文内容可知作者讨论了现代生活中人与人之间不同的交流方法，并发表了对使用哪一种的看法。分析选项可知C项符合题意。
【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义
运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。如第1小题，由上一句“My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages，none of which I listened to”及下句“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”，我的父亲离开我后学会了发语音消息，可是我一条都没有听，他打电话给我妹妹表示不满（his dissatisfaction）。可以推测他一定是恼怒的，分析选项可知C符合题意。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re a firsttime language learner, you know that emotional (情感的) ups and downs is a normal situation.When you understand a concept or begin to comprehend the language, you may experience feelings of excitement.However, those are often followed by moments of disappointment and discouragement, during which you might feel as if you will never master the concepts and attain the ability to understand and communicate effectively.___16___
•Learn vocabulary effectively.
Vocabulary is the most important part of communication.The more words you know, the more you can say and understand.The absolute best way to learn vocabulary is through the use of flash cards that you make yourself.Purchase a set of 3×5 index cards (索引卡片) and cut them in half.___17___ As you learn more information about each word, e．g.plural forms of nouns and principle parts of verbs, you can add these to the cards.
•___18___
Research shows that language students learn more effectively and acquire more when they study frequently and for shorter periods of time than if they study infrequently for extended periods of time.___19___ This means, doing a few homework exercises each day rather than doing all homework the night before they are due.
•Practice language actively.
___20___ Say vocabulary words out loud, read passages in the text aloud, do pronunciation activities orally and not just mentally.Write out the answers to activities rather than gliding through them in your mind.Read aloud entire sentences in an activity rather than just reading a fillin response.Transferring language from your mind to your mouth is a skill that requires a great deal of practice.
A．Break study time into smaller periods.
B．Then use flash cards as a learning tool.
C．Try to study each day, and several times a day.
D．The timetested approaches are effective in your learning.
E．Write a word on the front and its English definition on the back.
F．Whenever possible, speak the language aloud rather than reciting silently to yourself.
G．Below are some approaches that will relieve your potential frustration and help you succeed in language learning.
【答案】16. G 17. E
18. A 19. C
20. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为语言初学者提供了学习语言的三条建议。
【16题详解】
上文提到初学语言者会在学习语言的过程中遇到挫折，认为自己不可能掌握那些概念，也不能有效地进行交流的内容及下文给出的三条学习语言的建议可知，此处应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故G项“下面是一些将缓解你潜在的挫折感，帮助你成功进行语言学习的方法”符合语境。所以选择G项。
【17题详解】
根据空后一句可知，当你学到更多有关每个单词的信息时，你可以把它们添加到卡片上，因此空处内容应涉及在卡片上记上某些东西，故E项“把单词写在卡片的正面，并把它的英语释义写在背面”符合语境。所以选择E项。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容可知，语言学习者把学习时间分成各个小段来频繁地学习比一次学习很长时间取得的效果要好，因此本段提供的学习方法应是把学习时间分成小段来进行学习，故A项符合语境。所以选择A项。
【19题详解】
根据空后一句可知，此处是在说每天应该做一些家庭作业而不是拖到最后一刻完成，故C项“试着每天都学习，并且一天学习多次”符合语境。所以选择C项。
【20题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Practice language actively.”可知，本段主要讲的是要积极地练习语言，故F项“只要有可能，大声地说出这门语言，而不是静静地背给自己听”符合语境。所以选择F项。
【点睛】本文小题1出现在段尾，应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，把以下三条学习语言的建议与第一段连接在一起。如果问题在段尾，我们可以从以下7个方面思考：
(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
(c)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
(d)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。
(e)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
(f)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May. I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine ___21___ off the leaves. It was such a ___22___ and heavenly time.
My calm was broken, ___23___， as I rounded a curve (拐弯处). A huge UHaul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to ___24___ it. It was followed by not one but two other UHaul trucks just as ___25___. I wondered if all the stuff inside of them ___26___ the same person. I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to ___27___. It was then that I ___28___ a selfstorage business along the side of the highway, building new units for all the people who couldn’t fit their ___29___ into their houses. I saw a(n) ___30___ couple carrying boxes into one of the units. It seemed ___31___ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.
I lost my own ___32___ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned. The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing. Yet, our whole family had awakened ___33___ to escape. In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet, but none of it seemed as ___34___ any more. What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze (打盹) in his chair ___35___ a hard day’s work. What was important was the stuff of ___36___， not the stuff of this world. Since then I have tried to limit the things I would ___37___.I didn’t want too much stuff to ___38___ my life. I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and ___39___ my family and others.
I assumed that only by doing so could I make my ___40___.
21. A. appreciating B. reflecting C. admiring D. releasing
22. A. refreshing B. delightful C. peaceful D. dynamic
23. A. though B. too C. anyway D. instead
24. A. miss B. reject C. ignore D. desert
25. A. useful B. large C. new D. good
26. A. turned to B. referred to C. reacted to D. belonged to
27. A. beat B. pulse C. accelerate D. follow
28. A. noticed B. thought C. did D. established
29. A. furniture B. boxes C. possessions D. materials
30. A. old B. young C. middleaged D. small
31. A. curious B. apparent C. certain D. obvious
32. A. hope B. talent C. faith D. taste
33. A. in return B. in turn C. in time D. in vain
34. A. affordable B. significant C. beneficial D. practical
35. A. before B. in C. after D. during
36. A. mind B. hand C. head D. soul
37. A. purchase B. donate C. waste D. need
38. A. put up B. crowd up C. bring up D. set up
39. A. helping B. abusing C. loving D. affecting
40. A. name B. day C. world D. way
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了家里无需添置、堆砌太多的东西, 这些都是身外之物，花费时间学习、发展和爱家人，这才是快乐的真谛。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我看到金色的阳光映射到叶子上。A. appreciating欣赏；B. reflecting反射；C. admiring羡慕；D. releasing释放， 故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据My calm was broken可知这是如此平静和美好的时光。A. refreshing清爽；B. delightful令人愉快的；C. peaceful和平的；D. dynamic动态的，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：然而，在拐弯处时，我的平静被打破了。A. though尽管；B. too也； C. anyway无论如何；D. instead反而，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：为了避开它，我往路边急转弯。A. miss错过；B. reject拒绝；C. ignore忽视；D. desert遗弃，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据A huge U-Haul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. 可知这里意思是另外两个大卡车。A. useful有用的； B. large巨大的；C. new新的；D. good好的，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想知道是否里面的所有东西都属于同一个人。A. turned to转向；B. referred to被提及；C. reacted to对…作出反应；D. belonged to属于，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我的车减速，等待心率跟上, 即表示慢慢平复受惊的心。A. beat打； B. pulse跳动；C. accelerate加速；D. follow跟随，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：就在那个时候，我注意到高速路边的自存生意。A. noticed注意；B. thought想；C. did做；D. established建立，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据It seemed ___11___ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.可知这里意思是为不能把财产放进他们房子里的人们建造了一些新的装置。A. furniture家具；B. boxes盒子；C. possessions财产；D. materials材料，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据下文a couple just out of their teens 可判断出这是一对年轻的夫妇。A. old年老的；B. young年轻的；C. middle-aged中年的；D. small小的，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：刚从青少年时代走出来的夫妇，就有这么多东西，真让人好奇。A. curious好奇的；B. apparent显然的；C. certain必然的；D. obvious明显的，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当我的房子在午夜发生火灾，烧毁了我家所有的东西时，我失去了拥有东西的兴趣。A. hope希望；B. talent才能；C. faith信念；D. taste兴趣，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：然而，我们全家及时醒过来，逃跑了。A. in return作为报答；B. in turn轮流；C. in time及时；D. in vain徒然，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据What was important was the stuff of ___16___,可知这里意思是但是，没有一件东西再那么重要了。A. valuable有价值的；B. significant重要的； C. beneficial有益的；D. practical实际的，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：看到父亲辛苦工作一天后，在椅子上打盹。A. before在…之前；B. in在…之内；C. after在…之后；D. during在…期间，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据not the stuff of this world.可知这里意思是重要的是心灵的东西。A. mind理智；B. hand手；C. head头；D. soul心灵，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and ___19___ my family and others.可知这里意思是从那个时候开始，我尽量限制我购买的东西。A. purchase购买；B. donate捐赠；C. waste浪费；D. need需要，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不想让太多的东西挤满我的生活。A. put up张贴；B. crowd up挤满；C. bring up养育；D. set up建立，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze(打盹)in his chair ___15___ a hard day’s work.可知花费我的时间学习、发展和爱家人。 A. helping帮助；B. abusing滥用；C. loving爱；D. affecting影响，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我确定只有那样做，才能让我高兴。make one’s day让某人高兴，该短语是固定短语，故选B。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第19小题，根据What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze(打盹)in his chair ___15___ a hard day’s work.可知这些行为都是爱家人的表现，由此推知这里意思是花费我的时间学习、发展和爱家人。 A. helping帮助；B. abusing滥用；C. loving爱；D. affecting影响，故选C。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In September, in Britain, you may see a lot of swallows. They are gathering together because, very soon, they will be flying south to much ___41___ (warm) lands, where they will find plenty of small flying insects on ___42___ they feed. There are no such insects about in Britain during the winter, as it is too cold ___43___ them.
The swallows settle, fly off, dash, and settle again. This they do many times, for they are making short practicing ___44___ (flight) in order to be fit for the long journey ahead of them.
Flocks of these ___45___ (migrate) birds leave Britain in the autumn. They fly ___46___ (steady) for hundreds of miles before they reach the warm lands of Africa. But not all the birds get there, for many of them die in the ___47___ (storm) weather they meet with on the way.
In the spring of the following year they make the long and tiring journey back to Britain. They get ___48___ (settle) on the same barn or tree in the same district which they ___49___ (leave) the previous autumn.
Nobody knows exactly how these birds find their way there and back over such vast distance, but it has something ___50___ (do) with winds and air currents.
【答案】41. warmer
42. which 43. for
44. flights
45. migrating
46. steadily
47. stormy 48. settled
49. left 50. to do
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国燕子的迁徙。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。它们聚集到一起是因为不久之后它们将飞往南方比较温暖的地方。根据语境可知此处应用形容词的比较级。所以要填比较级形式warmer。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。在那里，它们会发现大量的小飞虫，它们以此为食物。根据语境及句型结构可知，此处应用on which引导定语从句，which代替上文提到的insects。所以要填关系代词which。
【43题详解】
考查介词。因为对它们来说，英国的冬天太冷了。此处用介词for表示“对……来说”。所以要填for。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。它们正在做短程的飞行训练。根据语境可知，此处飞行不止一次，所以应填名词的复数形式。所以要填复数名词flights。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。在秋天的时候，这些成群迁徙的鸟儿离开英国。根据句意可知，birds与动词migrate之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作定语。所以要填现在分词migrating。
【46题详解】
考查副词。在它们到达非洲温暖的地方之前，它们要平稳地飞行数百英里。此处应用副词修饰动词。所以要填副词steadily。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。但是并不是所有的鸟儿都会到达那儿，因为途中有许多鸟儿在遇到的暴风雨天气中死去。根据空前的the以及空后的weather可知，此处修饰名词应用形容词。所以要填形容词stormy。
【48题详解】
考查被动语态。空处位于系动词get后，应用过去分词形式，get settled意为“定居下来”。所以要填过去分词settled。
【49题详解】
考查动词的时态。它们在同一地区相同的谷仓或树上定居下来，那是它们前一年秋天离开的地方。根据句意可知，此处“离开”是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。所以要填过去式left。
【50题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：但是，这和风以及气流有关。句中动词短语have something to do with 意为“与……有关”，为固定短语。所以要填不定式to do。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As teenagers, we should attach great important to reading.Reading can benefit from us teenagers a great deal.Firstly, reading improves our school grades.Secondly, reading helps us expanding our horizons.Thirdly, reading may contribute to finding solutions to their own problems.Finally, reading is a enjoyable experience.
It is strongly suggested that our spare time is made full use of read as much as possible.We teenagers should stay devoted to read what we are interested in.Besides, we should active participate in some activities that are related to reading, what we can not only get our knowledge enriched but also gain a lot of pleasure.
【答案】第一句：important→importance
第二句：去掉from
第四句：expanding→expand
第五句：their→our
第六句：a→an
第七句：第二个is→be; of后加to
第八句：read→reading
第九句：active→actively; what→where
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，阅读对年轻人非常重要，文章详细说明了阅读的重要性，还告知年轻人要多读自己感兴趣的内容。
【详解】第一处：考查名词。句意：作为年轻人，我们应该非常重视阅读。动词短语attach importance to意为“重视……”，其中名词importance做动词attach的宾语，而形容词是不能做动词的宾语的。所以要把important改为importance。
第二处：考查动词。句意：阅读可以让我们年轻人受益巨大。动词benefit意为“使……受益”，后面可以直接加宾语表示“使……受益”，句中from是多余的。所以要删除us前面的from。
第三处：考查动词搭配。句意：其次，阅读可以帮助我们拓宽眼界。动词短语help sb do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”，使用动词原形做宾语补足语。所以要把expanding改为expand。
第四处：考查代词。句意：第三，阅读可以帮助找到解决我们的问题的方法。句中应该使用our与前句中us保持一致，表示阅读对我们年轻人的好处。所以要把their改为our。
第五处：考查不定冠词。句意：最终，阅读是一个愉快的经历。以元音音素开始的单词前面要用不定冠词an修饰，表示泛指。句中enjoyable是以元音音素开始的，所以要把不定冠词a改为an。
第六处：考查虚拟语气。动词suggest（建议）相关的宾语从句要要虚拟语气“（should）+动词原形”，句中应该使用“（should）be made full …”，所以要把is改为be。
第七处：考查不定式。句意：人们建议为了尽可能多地阅读，我们的空闲时间应该被充分利用。句中不定式充当目的状语，说明空闲时间被利用的目的。所以要在of后加to。
第八处：考查动名词。句意：我们年轻人应该专注于阅读我们感兴趣的内容。形容词短语be devoted to意为“致力于……”，其中to是介词，后面要接名词动名词做宾语，所以要把read改为reading。
第九处：考查副词。在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子；而形容词通常做定语表语修饰名词代词，本句中使用副词修饰动词短语participate in…，所以要把active改为actively。
第十处：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是some activities，定语从句的结构很完整，要用关系副词引导where引导，而what不能引导定语从句，所以要把what改为where。
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是李华，你将负责接待来自美国友好学校的师生。请你用英语写一篇欢迎词，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍活动安排；
3．表达相互交流的愿望。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear American guests,
It's my great honor to express our warm welcome to you on behalf of our school. We are excited to have you here during this time.
As scheduled, we'll show you around our campus, which will allow you to get a general impression of our school. Then you're supposed to visit our teaching buildings, the school stadium and the dormitories as well. After that, we will have lunch together in the school canteen: In the afternoon, a free talk will be arranged so that we can talk about the school life and different cultures of the two countries. In the evening, there will be a welcome party for you. The party will begin at eight o'clock in the school hall. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in it. I hope we will benefit a lot from your presence.
We hope you'll have a pleasant time during your stay' here. Thanks for your attention!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇欢迎词。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇欢迎词；假如你是李华，你将负责接待来自美国友好学校的师生，请你用英语写一篇欢迎词，内容包括：表示欢迎、介绍活动安排、表达相互交流的愿望。人称应为第一人称，时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：warm welcome（热烈欢迎），on behalf of our school（代表我们学校），show sb. around（带某人转一转），schedule（安排）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。结构上：采用三段成文，第一段欢迎美国朋友的到来；第二段介绍英语周的活动；第三段表达愿望，希望获准。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者使用了非常好的短语和句子为文章增色不少，比如on behalf of，As scheduled，consist of benefit from等等；还运用了不定式to have作状语，to develop作表语等，动名词listening等作宾语，hope后宾语从句等等。
It's my great honor to express our warm welcome to you on behalf of our school（高分句型一）我很荣幸代表我们学校向您表示热烈的欢迎。句中on behalf of为固定搭配，意为“代表……”
I hope we will benefit a lot from your presence. (高分句型二)意为“从……中获益”我希望我们能从您的光临中获益良多。句中benefit from为固定搭配。
全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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