2021届高考英语大一轮复习Unit22EnvironmentalProtection课时作业22b北师大版选修8 练习
展开课时作业22 Environmental Protection
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2019·浙江省镇海中学质检)
A British friend told me he couldn't understand why Chinese people love eating sunflower seeds as a snack so much. “I've met a lot of older Chinese and many have a crack in their front teeth; I believe that's from cracking the seeds，” he said.
I had never noticed the habit, but once he mentioned it, I suddenly became more aware. I realized that whenever I'm watching TV or typing a report, I always start mindlessly cracking sunflower seeds. My friend doesn't like sunflower seeds, and, to him, it seems unnecessary to work so much just to get one small seed.
When we were young, the whole family would usually get together for Chinese New Year. Then, we all lived close to one another, usually in a small city, and sometimes even neighbors would go doortodoor on Chinese New Year's Eve to check out what every household was making.
I remember my parents would be in the kitchen cooking. Out in the living room, a large table would already be laid out, complete with fancy tablecloth, readymade dumpling fillings, and dishes full of candy, fruits and sunflower seeds. Some of the dishes were to be offered to our ancestors later, while others were for neighbors and children to eat before the evening feast. I must have learned how to crack sunflower seeds back then.
I don't think it's right to criticize one's choice in food or eating habits, no matter how strange they may seem.
It's not only in China. When I went abroad, I found people had all sorts of strange habits when it came to food. In Denmark, they put salted red fish on bread and eat it for dinner, no matter how much it ruins your breath. They think it's a delicacy, and it's connected to their culture. I think it's a wonderful tradition.
本文讲述了直到作者的英国朋友提到中国人都爱嗑瓜子，作者才意识到自己也有这个习惯。作者把这个习惯归结于中国春节文化，就像丹麦人吃面包喜欢加咸红鱼，每一个饮食习惯的背后都有特定的国家文化。
1．What did the writer become aware of?
A．She had ever typed a report about seeds.
B．She had various snacks while watching TV.
C．She had a habit of cracking sunflower seeds.
D．She damaged her teeth by eating sunflower seeds.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知作者意识到自己有嗑瓜子的习惯。
2．What does the writer prove by mentioning Chinese New Year?
A．The traditions of celebrating it disappear.
B．Children can eat delicious food on that day.
C．The families get together for it.
D．Eating sunflower seeds is related to it.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Out in the living room, a large table would already be laid out, complete with fancy tablecloth...sunflower seeds. Some of the dishes were to be offered to our ancestors later, while others were for neighbors and children to eat before the evening feast. I must have learned how to crack sunflower seeds back then.可知新年的时候会有很多美食，一些是供给祖先的，还有一些，其中含有瓜子，是给邻居和小孩在晚宴前吃的，作者因此学会了嗑瓜子，可见春节和嗑瓜子有关联。
3．The writer's attitude to Denmark's way of eating bread is ________.
A．acceptable B．critical
C．neutral D．doubtful
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据本文最后一句I think it's a wonderful tradition.可知作者认为丹麦人吃面包的方式是一个很美妙的传统，可见作者接受这种吃法。
4．What lesson can we learn from the story?
A．One kind of food doesn't necessarily suit everyone.
B．Eating habits come from a certain culture.
C．It is good to form healthy eating habits.
D．Changing your eating habits will change your life.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的They think it's a delicacy, and it's connected to their culture.可知丹麦人认为这样吃面包是美味的，这和他们的文化有关，正如作者喜欢嗑瓜子和中国的春节文化有关。因此饮食习惯来自特定的文化。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
(2019·河南新乡调研)
In our hypertechnological age, the way we interact with others face to face tells others how well we work with others, as well as our ability to maintain good interpersonal relations.
__1__. Here are five job interview mistakes that millennials (千禧一代) often make, so you can be sure not to make them too.
·Overusing the word “Like”
Even though we all have problems with inserting the word into our everyday speech, giving our every other word with “like” has implications millennials may not even be aware of. __2__.
·Forgetting to put your phone on silent
If your phone constantly pings and makes other noises during your interview, the person you're talking to will not be impressed. You are a generation that always has a phone in hand. __3__.
·Dressing inappropriately
Although work attire now tends more toward casual than a threepiece business suit, it's still incredibly unprofessional to show up in clothing that's clearly not suitable for the office.
·Talking too proudly
In a generation that values the individual above anything else, it can feel almost like second nature to talk too much about oneself. __4__.
·__5__
A preliminary Google search regarding the company you want to work for takes no more than 5 minutes, but the knowledge goes a long way. Even though we live in an age of extreme connectivity and Internet knowledge overload, don't forget to brush up on your facts before meeting up with your interviewer.
A．Not doing the research
B．Forgetting the knowledge
C．This makes the job interview especially critical
D．Talking too much is a disadvantage, sometimes
E．It can make us appear like we're guessing ourselves, not confident
F．Remember to find the balance between saying too little and saying too much
G．Not taking seconds to make sure it won't disturb others is a sure sign of carelessness
文章介绍了千禧一代在工作面试时经常犯的五种错误。
1．C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，在我们这个高科技的时代，我们面对面交流的方式能够展示我们工作中与别人相处以及发展人际关系的能力。故这也使面试这样面对面的活动显得尤为重要。
2．E 解析：细节理解题。根据第一个标题Overusing the word “Like”可知我们不要过度使用“like”一词。“...giving our every other word with ‘like’ has implications millennials may not even be aware of”句意：我们总是说“like”能暗示很多千禧一代未意识到的问题。因此下一句应该是这样老是说“like”所产生的问题。
3．G 解析：细节理解题。根据第二个标题Forgetting to put your phone on silent以及下文可知，千禧一代经常忘了把手机调到静音模式，这样会给人留下不好的印象，也会打断别人，给人一种太粗心大意的印象。
4．F 解析：细节理解题。根据第四个标题Talking too proudly以及下文可知，千禧一代更看重自我，乐意过多地谈论自我。因此在面试中要把握好谈得过多和谈得不充分之间的平衡。
5．A 解析：标题归纳题。通过末段的内容可知，面试前，在网上搜索目标公司的情况占用你不到5分钟的时间，但是得到的内容却能对你在之后的阶段大有用处。因此可知很多千禧一代并没有提前做好调查研究。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·浙江宁波余姚中学检测)
According to a recent survey, violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also __1__ (express) their great concern about it. Experts hope __2__ whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents.
Nowadays, school violence is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon, which __3__ (call) for our great concern. We should make every effort __4__ (prevent) school violence happening at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal __5__ (safe) could not be guaranteed. In fact, violence can be learned. __6__ (actual), children learn violent behavior from adults or from __7__ they see on TV or on the Internet.
If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will result in __8__ (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.
All in all, every student should behave __9__ (him) and keep away __10__ violence.
校园暴力这一现象引起了家长和老师的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园暴力的方法。
1．expressed 解析：考查时态。根据该句中的showed可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填expressed。
2．the 解析：考查冠词。the whole society意为“全社会”，为固定用法，故填the。
3．calls 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。由“I think this is”可知，应用一般现在时；分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，which指代“a phenomenon”，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填calls。
4．to_prevent 解析：考查非谓语动词。“我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生”。make every effort to do sth.为固定搭配。
5．safety 解析：考查名词。根据空处前的their personal可知，空处应填名词safety。
6．Actually 解析：考查副词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰全句，作状语，故用副词actually。
7．what 解析：考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作see的宾语，故用what。
8．more 解析：考查比较级。句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句意可知，空处应使用比较级。
9．himself 解析：考查反身代词。behave oneself为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩，有礼貌”；根据主语every student可知，空处应用反身代词himself。
10．from 解析：考查介词。keep away from为固定搭配，意为“远离”。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·山西怀仁八中检测)
As we all know, most of our feel somehow nervous whenever we're taking an exam. It is no doubt that exams are important to us, but it's also important to have right attitude towards them. As a matter of fact, exams are no more than a mean of evaluation; however, there is no need to worry too much about the results. Only by studying hard every day and make good preparations could we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams.
We had better going out for a walk before exams. In addition to, having enough sleep can make us full of energy and make it possible for us to perform good in the exam.
答案与解析
1．our→us 考查代词。our表达所属关系，而of后用宾格，因此our改为us。
2．It→There 考查句型。There is no doubt...为固定句式。
3．right前加a 考查冠词。attitude是可数名词，这里表达“一种正确态度”，因此right前加冠词a。
4．mean→means 考查名词。means意思是“方式；方法”，是单复数形式相同的名词。
5．however→therefore 考查逻辑关系。分析前后句我们知道，这里表达因果关系，而不是转折关系。
6．make→making 考查非谓语动词。and连接了by后的两个v.ing短语。
7．could→can 考查时态。说话人在陈述事实，而不是过去的事情，因此不用过去时。
8．going→go 考查非谓语动词。had better后面跟动词原形。
9．去掉In addition后面的to 考查介词短语。in addition to为介词短语，后面跟宾语，而in addition相当于副词，作状语。
10．good→well 考查形容词与副词。这里需要副词作状语。
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2019·江西九江一中月考)
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter邀请你下周去他的学校参加文化交流活动，并向外国朋友介绍中国的传统绘画。但你忙于准备国庆节演出，不得不谢绝。请根据下面要点用英语写一封信，内容包括：
1．谢绝邀请及理由；
2．推荐朋友李明参加，并说明原因。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
I'm_Li_Hua._Thanks_a_lot_for_your_invitation_to_your_cultural_exchange_program._I_really_want_to_accept_it_and_seize_this_opportunity_to_introduce_the_traditional_Chinese_painting_to_foreign_friends,_but_I'm_sorry_to_tell_you_that_I_can't._The_reason_is_that_I_am_occupied_preparing_performance_for_the_coming_National_Day.
I_strongly_recommended_my_friend_Li_Ming,_who_is_the_most_suitable_person_to_take_my_place_next_week._He_began_to_learn_painting_at_an_early_age_and_has_a_good_knowledge_of_the_traditional_Chinese_painting,_which,_along_with_his_active_personality_and_perfect_spoken_English,_will_help_make_your_activity_a_success.
Sorry_again_for_any_inconvenience_caused_by_my_absence.
Best_wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
