江苏省镇江市2020届高三上学期期中考试英语试题


江苏省镇江市2020届高三年级期中考试
英语试题
第I卷（选择题 共85分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is the woman sad?
A. She feels homesick. B. She missed a call. C. She got hurt when hiking.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. Lucy was late for school. B. Lucy got to school early. C. Lucy was absent from school.
3. When does Tom have to leave?
A At 7:00. B. At 7:15. C. At 7:30.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Blaming the man. B. Dealing with an accident. C. Complaining about her work.
5. Where does the conversation probably take pace?
A. At a shoe shop. B. At a hotel. C. In a hospital.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题
6. How often does the man go to the evening classes?
A. Twice a week. B. Three times a week. C. Four times a week.
7. Why does the man take the evening classes?
A. To go abroad. B. To make friends. C, To change his job.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. When will Julie pick up her father?
A. At six. B. At four. C. At two.
9 What will the two speakers do next?
A. Go to the airport. B. Play the video games. C. Choose their different dresses.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When is the man going to New Zealand?
A. In two days. B. In a couple of months. C. In a fortnight.
11. Why did the man call the woman?
A. To ask her to join him.
B. To ask for some information.
C. To help her set up a branch company.
12. Where are they going to meet?
A. At Susan’s. B. At Tom's. C. At a restaurant.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is the art exhibition taking place?
A. At an art gallery. B. At a shopping mall. C. At an exhibition center.
14. What does the man think of the place of the exhibition now?
A. It is strange. B. It is ordinary. C. It is cool.
15. What is being shown in the painting section of the exhibition?
A. Mainly classical paintings.
B. Largely contemporary paintings.
C. An equal number of classical paintings and contemporary paintings.
16. Which section is the most popular?
A. The video section. B. The sculpture section. C. The photography section.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How old was Dave when his father passed away?
A. 15. B. 10. C.5.
18. What did Dave do in the evenings?
A. He earned some money.
B. He did housework for the family.
C. He drove his brother to some places.
19. Who introduced Andrew at the graduation ceremony?
A. His soccer coach. B. The school headmaster. C. The head of the school district.
20. What happened during Andrew’s speech?
A. His mother started crying.
B. Andrew thanked his father.
C. Dave realized his hard work had paid off-
第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1.The e-commerce_____ production and consumption, and is promoting the development of the service sector.
A. has influenced B. influenced C. is influencing D. is influenced
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：电子商务已经影响了生产和消费，并且正在促进服务业的发展。结合句意可知，电子商务“影响生产和消费”的动作已经发生，故用现在完成时，主语The e-commerce是不可数名词，故用has influenced。故选A项。
2.Past winners of the Nobel Prize in physics, _____ has now been awarded 210 times, have been honored for their important discoveries.
A. who B. what C. that D. which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：诺贝尔物理奖过去的获奖者，因为他们的重大发现被给予荣誉称号，该奖项已经颁发了210次。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词the Nobel Prize in physics在从句_____ has now been awarded 210 times中充当主语，故用关系代词，又非限中不能使用that，故用which。故选D项。
【点睛】本题考查定语从句
完成定语从句一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分；考虑特殊情况。
以本题为例：
1） 找出先行词：the Nobel Prize in physics（指物）
2） 分析先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分：the Nobel Prize in physics 在_____ has now been awarded 210 times充当主语，故用关系代词that/which。
3） 考虑特殊情况:非限制性定语从句中不能使用that
故用which，选D项。
3.We can choose to be happy if we want, ______ we can look at everything in a positive way.
A. for fear that B. as long as C. in case D. even if
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：只要我们用乐观的态度看待一切，如果我们想，我们就可以选择让自己快乐。A. for fear that生怕，唯恐；B. as long as只要；C. in case以防；D. even if即使。分析句子可知，此处应填连词，再结合句意可知，用“只要”符合语境。故选B项。
4.This exhibition is to _____ the traditional images and show that there are no limits to what you are capable of.
A. hand down B. break down C. calm down D. lay down
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个展览的目的是要打破传统形象，表明你的能力无可限量。A. hand down传给后代；B. break down打破，使崩溃；C. calm down使冷静；D. lay down躺下。由“there are no limits to what you are capable of.”可知，此处用“打破”符合语境。故选B项。
5.The question came up at the meeting ____ we have enough money for our research
A. whether B. that C. which D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们是否有足够的钱进行研究的问题在会议上被提出来了。分析句子结构可知，此处是同位语从句，用来补充说明the question，再结合句意“我们是否有足够的钱进行研究”符合语境，“是否”是whether。故选A项。
【点睛】本题考查同位语从句
同位语从句的定义：用一个句子对名词或代词进行补充或说明。它通常位于一些抽象名词之后，例如：fact, news, idea, truth, problem, words, belief, evidence, phenomenon, thought, doubt, promise
引导同位语从句的连接词：连接词 that，whether，连接副词 how, when, where等，以及连接代词what
例如：
l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
I have no idea what I should do.我不知道我该做什么。
6.It is obvious that an equal _____ of the educational resources is what the public need badly nowadays.
A. contribution B. distribution C. prescription D. separation
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，目前民众急需教育资源的公平分配。A. contribution贡献；B. distribution分配；C. prescription处方；D. separation隔离。结合句意可知，此处用“教育资源合理分配”符合语境。故选B项。
7.If we surround ourselves with people _____our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement.
A. in sympathy with B. in terms of
C. in honour of D. in contrast with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果我们周围都是认同我们主要前进目标的人，我们就能得到他们的支持和鼓励。A. in sympathy with赞成；B. in terms of 依据；C. in honour of为纪念；D. in contrast with与…形成对比，故选A。
8.The introduction of advanced robots has made a _____ difference to the production of agricultural Machinery.
A. troublesome B. transparent C. tremendous D. traditional
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：先进机器人的引入对农业机械的生产有巨大影响。A. troublesome令人讨厌的
B. transparent透明的；C. tremendous巨大的；D. traditional传统的。结合句意可知，此处用“巨大影响”符合语境。故选C项
9.He is sure to pass the test, for he_____ his lessons for the test every day over the past month.
A. will review B. was reviewing C. has been reviewing D. had been reviewing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：他一定可以通过测试，因为在过去的一个月里他每天都在为测试而复习功课。over the past month.（在过去的一个月里）是现在完成时的标志词，再结合句意，他复习的动作从过去持续到现在，故用现在完成进行时，主语he是第三人称单数，故用has been reviewing。故选C项。
10.China has made great achievements in agriculture over the past seven decades, successfully _____ nearly 20 percent of the world’s population.
A. fed B. to feed C. being fed D. feeding
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的70年里，中国在农业方面做出了巨大成就，成功养活了近20%的世界人口。分析句子结构，空格处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语China和feed（养）之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选D项。
11.Just my luck! _____ my umbrella this morning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now.
A. Should I take B. Had I taken C. Were I to take D. Would I take
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：我太倒霉了！如果我今天早上带了雨伞，我现在就不会被困在这儿了。根据句意可知，该句是虚拟语气，根据this morning判断从句是对过去情况的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时had done表达，又从句中省略了if，故将助动词had提前，构成部分倒装句；完整结构是if I had taken ,省略之后是had I taken。故选B项。
【点睛】本题考查虚拟语气的倒装
在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，如果从句有were, had(助动词)，should可以省略if然后将它们置于句首。
例如：
If I were you, I would choose to stay at home.= were I you, I would choose to stay at home.如果我是你，我就选择待在家。
If you had taken my advice yesterday, you would be better now.=had you taken my advice yesterday, you would be better now.如果你昨天听了我的话，你现在就好多了。
If it should snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.=should it snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.万一明天下雪，我们就堆个大大的雪人。
12.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection,_____ green lifestyles and consumer culture.
A. to advocate B. advocated C. advocating D. having been advocated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国将通过资源保护来保障能源安全，倡导环保的生活方式和消费文化。分析句子可知，空格处是非谓语动词，逻辑主语China和advocate（倡导）之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选C项。
13.I _____ the washing machine. It’s working OK now.
A. was repairing B. repaired C. would repair D. had repaired
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：我修了洗衣机，它现在可以正常工作了。结合句意可知，“修洗衣机”的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故选B项。
14.Time and patience are needed in popularizing guoxue, but modem technology helps the process.
A. accomplish B. accelerate C. accumulate D. associate
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：普及国学需要时间和耐心，但是现代技术帮助加快了这一进程。A. accomplish完成；B. accelerate加速；C. accumulate积累；D. associate联合。根据
Time and patience和but可知前后句为转折意义，故此处用“加速进程”符合语境。故选D项。
15.---Was he nervous when facing the interview?
---Not really. He is _____, for he was well prepared.
A. down in the dumps B. flying off the handle C. over the moon D. as cool as a cucumber
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查习语辨析。句意：——面对采访他紧张吗 ？——一点都不。他非常冷静，因为他做好了充分准备，A. down in the dumps闷闷不乐；B. flying off the handle大发脾气；C. over the moon乐翻了天；D. as cool as a cucumber非常冷静。根据下文的for he was well prepared.可推出“他”非常冷静。故选D项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Electronic games are often seen as a distraction from schoolwork, but now, there's a school course to study them- since this semester, Peking University has ____16____ an optional course called General Theory of Electronic Games, which has gained ____17____among students. It was ____18____ designed to accept 120 students, but around 200 attended the first two lessons.
However, the new course has caused a heated public debate. Some people think that as the celebrated Peking University has opened a course on electronic games, students may believe it's ____19____ to play games rather than ____20____ the research.
In response to these ____21____, the course teacher explained that the course isn’t designed to ___22___
conventional view. “I like playing games, but fully ____23____of the problems that the games have brought about,” he said. “I have a sense of ____24____. I want more students to know what electronic games are ---their benefits and harms.”
Instead of teaching students how to play electronic games, the course will ____25____ issues related to electronic games, such as research and development, technology and ____26____psychology.
This new course at Peking University arrives at a time when China’s game industry is ____27____. China’s video game market is the world’s largest and is expected to continue to ____28____.
And the flourishing industry has ____29____ influenced many Chinese people, especially the young. More than 38 percent of Chinese people younger than 26 said their ideal job would be to work as a(n) ____30____ electronic gamer.
Despite this, a professor from Shenzhen University said it is ____31____ for universities and individuals to keep a ____32____ head in face of the market. “I hope the public can view electronic games as ____33____ activity and leave enough room for ____34____ development,” he said. “Parents and teachers should also help students choose majors that can give full play to their ____35____.
16. A. dismissed B. cancelled C. offered D. changed
17. A. confusion B. hatred C. doubt D. popularity
18. A. originally B. specially C. Mostly D. hopefully
19. A. conservative B. acceptable C. sustainable D. offensive
20. A. dive into B. withdraw from C. put off D. interfere with
21. A. instructions B. concerns C. assessments D. suggestions
22. A. obey B. spread C. respect D. challenge
23. A. conscious B. suspicious C. ignorant D. ashamed
24. A. humor B. mission C. belonging D. security
25. A. avoid B. address C. confuse D. reject
26. A. researchers B. designers C. lecturers D. players
27. A. fading B. booming C. declining D. shrinking
28. A. grow B. fall C. squeeze D. collapse
29 A. by coincidence B. in turn C. at random D. on time
30 A. casual B. professional C. desperate D. intelligent
31. A. compulsory B. controversial C. essential D. evident
32. A. clear B. tentative C. sensitive D. anxious
33. A. economic B. leisure C. physical D. cultural
34. A. fierce B. recent C. healthy D. chaotic
35. A. possession B. position C. privilege D. potential
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。北京大学设立的电子游戏课程吸引了大量学生，但也引起了人们的担忧。电子游戏行业在中国的蓬勃发展，导致大量年轻人想成为职业电竞手。专家建议人们在面临繁荣的市场时要保持清醒的头脑，正确看待电子游戏，不盲从也不偏见，帮助孩子选择能发挥他们潜能的专业。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：电子游戏常常被认为会分散学习注意力，但是现在，有一个学校课程要学它们，自本学期起，北京大学已经提供了一个名叫“电子游戏概论”的选修课程，该课程受到了学生们的欢迎。A. dismissed解散，辞退；B. cancelled取消；C. offered提供；D. changed改变。根据前文的there's a school course to study them可知有学校课程会教电子游戏课程，故此处用“北京大学提供了课程”符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. confusion困惑；B. hatred憎恶；C. doubt怀疑；D. popularity欢迎，普及。根据下文的designed to accept 120 students, but around 200 attended the first two lessons. 可知实际上课的学生比预想的学生多，故此处用“受到学生欢迎”符合语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：该课程最初设计接收120个学生，但在头两节课学生人数就达到了200左右。A. originally最初地；B. specially特别地；C. Mostly主要地，通常；D. hopefully希望地。根据下文的but around 200 attended the first two lessons.可知，该课程“最初”计划接收的学生人数是120人。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人认为，因为著名的北京大学已经开设了电子游戏课程，所以学生可能会认为玩游戏而不专心于研究是可以接受的。A. conservative保守的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. sustainable可持续的；D. offensive冒犯的。结合前文的as the celebrated Peking University has opened a course on electronic games, 可知因为著名的北大都开设了电子游戏课程，所以学生可能认为玩游戏是可接受的，符合逻辑。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. dive into扎进，跳入； B. withdraw from推出；C. put off推迟；D. interfere with干扰。联系上下文可知，此处是指学生玩游戏而不专心于研究，故此处用“不专心于研究”符合文意。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：课程老师对这些担心做出了回应，他说该课程的设计并不是为了挑战传统观念。A. instructions指示；B. concerns担心；C. assessments评价；D. suggestions建议。上文所提到的“有人认为学生会玩游戏而疏于研究”是他们的担心，故此处用“对这些担忧做出回应”符合语境。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. obey遵守；B. spread传播；C. respect遵守；D. challenge挑战。结合下文该老师所说的话，可知此处用“课程的设立不是挑战传统观念”符合语境。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我喜欢玩游戏，但是我意识到了它带来的问题。” A. conscious清楚的，清醒的；B. suspicious怀疑的；C. ignorant无知的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文的I want more students to know what electronic games are ---their benefits and harms. 可知该老师想让学生明白游戏对他们有利也有害，故此处用“我意识到了它带来的问题”符合语境。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种使命感。A. humor幽默；B. mission使命；C. belonging归属；D. security安全。根据下文的I want more students to know what electronic games are ---their benefits and harms可知该老师把让学生认清游戏的利弊当成他的 “使命” 。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：课程会向学生讲述和电子游戏有关的问题，例如研发，技术和玩家心理学，而不是教学生如何玩电子游戏。A. avoid避开；B. address向……讲述，提出；C. confuse使……困惑；D. reject拒绝。结合上下文，此处是指课程将会教授的内容，故用“提出/讲述”符合文意。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. researchers研究者；B. designers设计者；C. lecturers演讲者；D. players玩家。联系实际，只有了解了玩家的心理，才能更好的制作游戏或者避免过度玩游戏，故此处用 “玩家心理学” 符合文意。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：北京大学的这门新课程始于中国游戏行业的繁荣时期。A. fading褪色；B. booming激增，繁荣；C. declining降低；D. shrinking缩减。根据下文的China’s video game market is the world’s largest and is expected to continue to ____13____. 可知中国的视频游戏市场是世界最大的，故此处用“繁荣时期”符合语境。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国的视频游戏市场是世界最大的，而且有望继续增长。A. grow增长；B. fall降低；C. squeeze压挤，压榨；D. collapse崩塌。根据前文的largest 和continue to可知此处用 “增长” 符合逻辑和语境。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：这个繁荣的行业转而影响了很多中国人，尤其是年轻人。A. by coincidence碰巧；B. in turn相反，转而；C. at random随机； D. on time准时。结合上下文，前面讲述游戏行业的繁荣，该句提到它对人们的影响，故此处用 “转而” 表达转折意义符合语境。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不到26岁的中国年轻人中有38%的人都说他们的理想工作是成为职业电竞手。A. casual随意的；B. professional职业的；C. desperate绝望的；D. intelligent智慧的。根据前文的ideal job（理想工作）可知此处用“职业电竞手”符合语境。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，来自深圳大学的教授说，对于大学和个人来说在面对市场时保持清醒的头脑是必要的。A. compulsory强制的；B. controversial有争议的；C. essential基础的，必要的，重要的；D. evident明显的。联系上下文，此处是指保持清醒头脑的必要性和重要性。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. clear清楚的；B. tentative不确定的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. anxious焦虑的。结合下文该教授所说的话，他想让大家正确地认识电子游戏，可知此处用“保持清醒的头脑”符合语境。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授说：“我希望公众把电子游戏看作一个闲暇活动，给予足够的空间令其健康发展。A. economic经济的；B. leisure闲暇的；C. physical 身体的；D. cultural文化的。结合上下文，此处指看待电子游戏的态度，即不把它当作危害也不把它当作职业，它就是一个闲暇时用来放松的方式之一。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fierce 凶猛的，狂暴的；B. recent最近的；C. healthy健康的；D. chaotic杂乱的。结合前面的 “把它当作闲暇活动” 和and可知，前后在感情色彩和语境上保持一致，故此处用 “健康发展” 符合语境。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母和老师也应该帮助学生选择能够充分发挥他们潜能的专业。A. possession拥有，财产；B. position职位，位置；C. privilege特殊待遇；D. potential潜能。“选择能充分发挥潜能的专业”符合实际。故选D项。
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Gemini Man
Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手）is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身).
Jojo Rabbit
During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy’s imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler.
Doctor Sleep
Mike Flanag’s new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor.
Maleficent: Mistress of Evil
Here’s another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn’t so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora’s engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).
36. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep.
B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit.
C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series.
D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora.
37. If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend?
A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit
C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil
【答案】36. A 37. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章给读者介绍了四部电影。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三部分的Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers in 1980 film.可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep.（Ewan McGregor在Doctor Sleep中扮演一个角色）符合以上说法，故选A项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三部分的You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns.可知电影里有血腥场景，可怕的双胞胎姐妹和让人头痛的地毯图案，故推测喜欢看恐怖电影的人，会选择Doctor Sleep
这部电影。故选C项。
B
By analyzing the fossilized teeth of some of our most ancient ancestors, a team of scientists led by the universities of Bristol (UK) and Lyon (France) have discovered that the first humans significantly breastfed their infants (婴儿) for longer periods than their contemporary relatives.
The results, published in the journal Science Advances, provide a first insight into the practice of weaning （断奶）that remain otherwise unseen in the fossil record.
The team sampled minute amounts from nearly 40 fossilized teeth of our South African fossil relatives, early Homo, Paranthropus robustus and Australopithecus africanus. They measured the proportions of their stable calcium isotopes （同位素）in the tooth enamel（牙釉质）, which are a function of the mother milk intake by infants. They show that early Homo offspring（后代） was breastfed in significant proportions until the age of around three to four years, which likely played a role in the apparition of traits that are specific to human lineage（血统）, such as the brain development.
In contrast, infants of Paranthropus robustus, that became extinct around one million years ago and were a more robust species in terms of dental anatomy, as well as infants of Australopithecus africanus, stopped drinking sizeable proportions of mother milk in the course of the first months of life.
These differences in nursing behaviors likely come with major changes in the social structures of groups as well as the time between the birth of one child and the birth of the next.
One of the study's lead authors, Dr Theo Tacail said: "The practice of weaning -- the duration of breastfeeding, age at non-milk food introduction and the age at cessation of suckling -- differs among the modern members of the hominid family which includes humans and modern great apes: orangutan, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos.
The development of such behavioral differences likely played major roles in the evolution of the members of human lineage, being associated for instance with size and structure of social groups, brain development.
However, getting insights into these behavioral changes from fossils that are millions of years old is a challenge and, so far, little evidence allow discussing nursing practices in these fossil species.
The findings stress the need for further exploration of calcium stables isotopes compositions in the fossil record in order to understand the co-evolution of weaning practices with other traits such as brain size or social behaviors."
http://www.dentaldailynews.com/first-human-ancestors-breastfed-for-longer-than-contemporary-relatives/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/08/190829115427.htm
38. What do we know the findings of the team?
A. It takes the lead in focusing on Practice weaning.
B. It has disclosed the link between the weaning practice and other traits.
C. It is evident that nursing practice is associated with behavioral changes.
D. It’s contemporary humans that spend more time breastfeeding their infants.
39. What does the underlined phrase “such behavioral differences” in Paragraph 7 most probably refer to?
A. Differences in the calcium isotope in the teeth.
B. Differences in the social structure of groups.
C. Differences in the practice of weaning.
D. Differences in the change of behaviors.
40. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The evolution of human lineage
B. The possible influence of nursing behaviors.
C. The exploration of compositions in the fossil.
D. The function of mother milk at the age of infants.
【答案】38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。通过对祖先牙齿化石的研究，科学家们发现第一批用母乳喂养婴儿的人类比同时代的其他的近亲在时间上要长很多，而这种育幼差异可能在人类进化中扮演了重要角色 ，比如大脑发育和社会群体方面。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的The results, published in the journal Science Advances, provide a first insight into the practice of weaning 可知这项研究结果发表在《科学进展》杂志上，为断奶行为提供了第一手资料，而这在化石记录中是看不到的。A. It takes the lead in focusing on Practice weaning.（它率先专注于断奶行为）符合以上说法，故选A项。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第六段的The practice of weaning -- the duration of breastfeeding, age at non-milk food introduction and the age at cessation of suckling -- differs among the modern members of the hominid family which includes humans and modern great apes: orangutan, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos.可知现代人和古代人的断奶行为不同，而且人类和猩猩以及猿猴在断奶的时间上是不同的，即不同时代/不同物种的断奶行为是有差异的，而画线部分的such 就是指上文提到的内容。C. Differences in the practice of weaning.（断奶实践的差异）符合以上说法，故选C项。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第七段的The development of such behavioral differences … in the evolution of the members of human lineage, being associated for instance with size and structure of social groups, brain development.可知，这种行为差异的发展可能在人类血统成员的进化中扮演了重要角色，例如与社会群体的大小和结构，大脑的发展有关。所以短文主要是关于育幼行为可能带来的影响。故B. The possible influence of nursing behaviors.（育幼行为可能带来的影响）符合以上说法，故选B项。
C
FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people---some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month.
Although the Russian app has become known for its privacy issues, the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐）is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized. I’m surprised by this. Most younger people are in denial (否认）about old age, doing almost nothing to prepare for it. We rarely have a chance to plan for the future, with increasing time and financial pressures. Those pressures bring sacrifices that we may not always want to make: we can no longer afford to spend the time or the money needed to look after our elderly parents.
As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. After a few minutes of the consultation, I understand why: they're not sick, and often they don’t feel sick. They just need someone—anyone-to talk to.
Although loneliness has no medical classification, the health effects are real: the result of loneliness and isolation can be as harmful to our health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, and is more damaging than obesity. But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings.
So what next? Since 1980, we are living on average 10 years longer. At the same time, people are having fewer and fewer children, and they are having them much later in life. The snake of a world class health service is eating its own tail; its care is prolonging (延长) people's lives, but as the ratio of pensioners（退休人员）to working -age people increases, there are fewer taxpayers to fund that very health service.
Into this void have stepped NGOs, charities and volunteers. But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest meters of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational（两代间的） cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare, where employers recognize the duty of someone with an elderly parent the same way they recognize those of someone with a newborn child.
41. The example of FaceApp is used to _____.
A prove the popularity of it B. explain the function of it
C. show the progress of technology D. introduce the topic of aging and loneliness
42. What makes elderly people without illness go to see their family doctors?
A. Desire to have the consultation. B. Strong feeling of loneliness.
C. Unclear medical issues. D. Questions to ask doctors.
43. How can the oldest members be truly helped?
A. By being treated as children.
B. By going back to the traditional society.
C. By providing family care.
D. By living with other elderly people under the same roof.
44. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The loneliness of elderly people needs more attention.
B. FaceApp’s popularity proves it has no security problems.
C. Health service lacks fund because of prolonged peopled lives.
D. FaceApp is helpful in dealing with elderly peopled loneliness.
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。作者由FaceApp话题谈到当今的社会现象——老人感到孤独，他们需要关注。作者认为孤独虽不是病，但它能影响人的健康，所以他呼吁人们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段，第二段,第三段“FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people---some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month. the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐）is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized.可知，FaceApp已经风靡全球，用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的年龄。据报道，在上个月的七天时间里，有1270万人下载了这本书，比纽约市的人口多了300万。它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。事实证明，我们对衰老的兴趣比我们意识到的更大。作为一名家庭医生，我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。所以FaceApp主要的功能是通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄，接着讲述老人所面临的问题---孤独和衰老。故判断出FaceApp的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。故选D项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. 可知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独，他们没有生病，只想找人聊聊。B. Strong feeling of loneliness.（强烈的孤独感）符合以上说法，故选B项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest members of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational（两代间的） cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare,可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法是和他们一起居住，并且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。C. By providing family care.（通过提供家庭关爱）符合以上说法，故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段的But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings.可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示，故推断人们孤独的老人应该得到更多的关注。A. The loneliness of elderly people needs more attention.（老人的孤独需要更多的关注）符合以上推断，故选A项。
D
Microsoft announced this week that its facial-recognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹嘘）its progress at tackling one of the technology’s biggest biases (偏见).
But critics, citing Microsoft’s work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, quickly seized on how that improved technology might be used. The agency contracts with Microsoft for cloud-computing tools that the tech giant says is largely limited to office work but can also include face recognition.
Columbia University professor Alondra Nelson tweeted, “We must stop confusing ‘inclusion’ in more ‘diverse’ surveillance (监管）systems with justice and equality.”
Facial-recognition systems more often misidentify people of color because of a long-running data problem： The massive sets of facial images they train on skew heavily toward white men. A Massachusetts Institute of Technology study this year of the face-recognition systems designed by Microsoft, IBM and the China-based Face++ found that facial-recognition systems consistently giving the wrong gender for famous women of color including Oprah Winfrey, Serena Williams, Michelle Obama and Shirley Chisholm, the first black female member of Congress.
The companies have responded in recent months by pouring many more photos into the mix, hoping to train the systems to better tell the differences among more than just white faces. IBM said Wednesday it used 1 million facial images, taken from the photo-sharing site Flickr, to build the “world’s largest facial data-set” which it will release publicly for other companies to use.
IBM and Microsoft say that allowed its systems to recognize gender and skin tone with much more precision. Microsoft said its improved system reduced the error rates for darker-skinned men and women by “up to 20 times,” and reduced error rates for all women by nine times.
Those improvements were heralded（宣布）by some for taking aim at the prejudices in a rapidly spreading technology, including potentially reducing the kinds of false positives that could lead police officers misidentify a criminal suspect.
But others suggested that the technology's increasing accuracy could also make it more marketable. The system should be accurate, “but that’s just the beginning, not the end, of their ethical obligation,” said David Robinson, managing director of the think tank Upturn.
At the center of that debate is Microsoft, whose multimillion-dollar contracts with ICE came under fire amid the agency’s separation of migrant parents and children at the Mexican border.
In an open letter to Microsoft chief executive Satya Nadella urging the company to cancel that contract, Microsoft workers pointed to a company blog post in January that said Azure Government would help ICE “accelerate recognition and identification.” “We believe that Microsoft must take an ethical stand, and put children and families above profits,” the letter said.
A Microsoft spokesman, pointing to a statement last week from Nadella, said the company’s “current cloud engagement” with ICE supports relatively anodyne（温和的）office work such as “mail, calendar, massaging and document management workloads.” The company said in a statement that its facial-recognition improvements are “part of our going work to address the industry-wide and societal issues on bias.”
Criticism of face recognition will probably expand as the technology finds its way into more arenas, including airports, stores and schools. The Orlando police department said this week that it would not renew its use of Amazon. com’s Rekognition system.
Companies ”have to acknowledge their moral involvement in the downstream use of their technology,”
Robinson said. “The impulse is that they’re going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That’s unacceptable.”
45. What is “one of the technology’s biggest biases” in Paragraph 1?
A. Class bias. B. Regional difference.
C. Professional prejudice. D. Racial discrimination.
46. What can we know about the improvement of facial-recognition technology?
A. Justice and equality have been truly achieved.
B. It is due to the expansion of the photo database.
C. It has already solved all the social issues on biases.
D. The separation of immigrant parents from their children can be avoided.
47. What is the focus of the face-recognition debate?
A. Data problems. B. The market value.
C. The application field. D. A moral issue
48. What is David Robinson's attitude towards facial-recognition technology?
A. Skeptical. B. Approval.
C. Optimistic. D. Neutral.
49. We can infer from the last paragraph that Robinson thinks _____.
A. companies had better hide from responsibilities
B. companies deny problems with its technical process
C. companies should not launch new products on impulse
D. companies should be responsible for the new product and the consequences
50. Which can be the suitable title for the passage?
A. The wide use of Microsoft system B. Fears of facial-recognition technology
C. The improvement of Microsoft system D. Failure of recognizing black women
【答案】45. D 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. D 50. B
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。微软面部识别技术改进了肤色识别，宣布其人脸识别技术将会更加精确，但是人们却认为它会带来更大的问题，希望微软把道德置于其利润之上，并且能够为产品以及其带来的后果负责。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的Microsoft announced this week that its facial-recognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹嘘）its progress at tackling one of the technology’s biggest biases (偏见).可知微软面部识别技术改进了肤色识别，吹嘘它可以解决该技术最大的偏见，由此可以推断该项技术在人种肤色上有偏见，也就是种族歧视。D. Racial discrimination.（种族歧视）符合以上推断，故选D项。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段的The companies have responded in recent months by pouring many more photos into the mix, hoping to train the systems to better tell the differences among more than just white faces.可知那些公司通过在原有照片中加入更多的照片，通过训练系统，从而提升系统的识别能力，即通过扩充照片数据库来提升系统的识别能力。B. It is due to the expansion of the photo database.（由于照片数据库的扩充）符合以上说法，故选B项。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第九段的At the center of that debate is Microsoft, whose multimillion-dollar contracts with ICE came under fire amid the agency’s separation of migrant parents and children at the Mexican border.和第十段的We believe that Microsoft must take an ethical stand, and put children and families above profits可知对微软人脸识别技术的争论中心是，它会把墨西哥边缘的移民父母和孩子分开，且人们认为微软必须坚守道德底线，将儿童和家庭置于其利润之上，故推断目前对于脸部识别技术争论的焦点是道德问题。D. A moral issue（一个道德问题）符合以上推断，故选D项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的Robinson said. “The impulse is that they’re going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That’s unacceptable.”可知Robinson认为他们推出了一种产品然后对其后果撒手不管，这是让人难以接受的。故推断Robinson对人脸识别技术是不支持的。故选A项。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的Robinson said. “The impulse is that they’re going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That’s unacceptable.”可知Robinson认为他们推出了一种产品然后对其后果撒手不管，这是让人难以接受的。故推断Robinson
认为公司应该对自己的产品和产品带来的后果负责到底。D. companies should be responsible for the new product and the consequences（公司应该对它的新产品和后果负责）符合以上推测，故选D项。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。结合文章所叙述内容可知，本文主要讲述了人们怀疑改进之后的人脸识别技术会带来更多的问题，比如种族歧视和置墨西哥孩子的利益于不顾。B. Fears of facial-recognition technology（对人脸识别技术的恐惧）可以作为本文标题，故选B项。
第II卷（非选择题，共三大题，35分）
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
If there is one word to describe the progress made in the last 100 years, it’s connectedness. From the telephone to the radio to the TV to the Internet, we have found ways to bring us all closer together, enabling，constant worldly access..
I don’t think I need to highlight the benefits of all this. But the downsides are also beginning to show. Beyond the current talk about privacy and data collection, there is perhaps an even more detrimental side-effect here: We now live in a world where we’re connected to everything except ourselves. According to Pascal, we fear
the silence of existence, and we dread boredom and instead choose aimless distraction and use the noise of the world to block out the discomfort of dealing with ourselves.
However, we ignore the fact that never facing ourselves is why we feel lonely an anxious in spite of being
so intimately connected to everything else around us.
Fortunately, there is a solution. The only way to avoid being ruined by this is to face it. It’s to let the boredom take you where it wants so you can deal with whatever it is that is really going on with your sense of self. That’s when you’ll hear yourself think, and learn to engage the parts of you that are masked by distraction.
The beauty of this is that, once you cross that initial barrier, you realize that being alone isn’t so bad. Boredom can provide its own stimulation.
When you surround yourself with moments of solitude and stillness, you become intimately familiar with your environment in a way that forced stimulation doesn’t allow. The world becomes richer, the layers start to peel back, and you see things for what they really are, in all their wholeness, in all their contradictions, and in all their unfamiliarity.
You learn that there are things you are capable of paying attention to than just what makes the most noise on the surface. Just because a quiet room doesn’t scream with excitement like the idea of immersing yourself in a movie or a TV show doesn’t mean there isn’t depth to explore there.
Sometimes, the direction that this solitude leads you in can be unpleasant, especially when it comes to introspection (内省）---your thoughts and your feelings, your doubts and your hopes—but in the long term, it’s far more pleasant than running away from it all without even realizing what you are.
Being alone and connecting inwardly is a skill nobody ever teaches us. That’s ironic because it’s more important than most of the ones they do.
Solitude may not be the solution to everything, but it certainly is a start.
The Cost of Connectedness
Introduction
●____51____ the development of IT has brought us all closer together than ever before, we _____52_____to connect ourselves while connected to everything.
The disadvantages of connectedness
● We are afraid of a_____53_____ state of existence and the boredom it brings.
●We feel so uncomfortable when dealing with ourselves that we _____54_____ from it all and choose to be aimlessly distracted by the noise of the world.
●We often ignore the fact that never facing ourselves is to ____55____ for our feeling lonely and anxious.
The ___56___ to the problem
●You can deal with whatever is going on with your sense of self.
●You’ll hear yourself, think, and learn to engage what is masked by distraction.
●Being alone isn’t so bad. _____57_____ , you'll be stimulated by boredom.
●The world becoming richer and ,the layers starting to peel back, you'll have ____58____ views about what you see.
●You'll find yourself capable of being attentive to some things and ____59____ in depth beyond noise and scream.
Conclusion
●Solitude is the first step you should take to save yourself from being ruined by _____60_____ and anxiety.



【答案】51. Although/Though/While
52. fail 53. silent/quiet
54. escape/ hide/ shrink/ withdraw
55. blame 56. solution(s)
57. Instead/Rather/Actually
58. comprehensive/thorough/ overall
59. exploring
60. loneliness
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。信息技术的发展让我们可以和除了自己以外的一切事物保持联系，也让我们害怕孤独和无聊。事实上，独处不仅能让我们克服这种恐惧，也能让我们认清自己和更全面的看清问题。孤独也许不是解决一切问题的办法，但它确实是一个开始。
【51题详解】
考查连接词。根据文章第二段的But the downsides are also beginning to show. Beyond the current talk about privacy and data collection, there is perhaps an even more detrimental side-effect here: We now live in a world where we’re connected to everything except ourselves.可知，让人们变得更近的科技最近展示出了缺点，那就是我们生活在一个除了和自己，我们和一切都有联系的世界。故可推出“科技的发展”和“我们和一切都有联系，除了自己”之间是转折意义。故填Although/Though/While。
【52题详解】
考查动词。根据文章第二段的We now live in a world where we’re connected to everything except ourselves可知我们生活在这样的一个世界，除了自己我们和一切都有联系，即我们没能与自己联系，“没能做某事”fail to do sth，空格处是主句谓语动词，一般现在时，主语是we，故用动词原形。故填fail。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。根据文章第二段的we fear the silence of existence可知我们害怕独处。此处考查用a_____3_____ state of existence替换silence of existence，通过分析可知空格处应填形容词，a silent/quiet state of existence=silence of existence(独处)。故填silent/quiet。
【54题详解】
考查动词。根据文章第二段的we dread boredom and instead choose aimless distraction and use the noise of the world to block out the discomfort of dealing with ourselves.可知我们害怕无聊，取而代之，我们选择漫无目的的分散注意力，用世界的噪音来阻止我们面对自己时的不舒适感觉。故第4空处可译为We feel so uncomfortable when dealing with ourselves that we _____4_____ from it all我们在面对自己时感到如此不舒适以至于我们想要躲避/逃离/退缩，此处是句子谓语动词，根据feel判断为一般现在时，主语是we，故用动词原形。故填escape/ hide/ shrink/ withdraw。
【55题详解】
考查动词。根据文章第三段的However, we ignore the fact that never facing ourselves is why we feel lonely an anxious可知，我们却忽略了事实，那就是从未面对过自己是我们感到孤独和焦虑的原因。never facing ourselves is to ____5____ for our feeling lonely and anxious.从未面对过自己应为我们的孤独感和焦虑感负责。此处用be to blame for（对……负责）符合文意，由to判断此处用动词原形。故填blame。
【56题详解】
考查名词。根据此空后面列举的内容可知，它们都是解决孤独的方法，且原文中Fortunately, there is a solution.也有提示，根据the判断此处填名词。故填solution(s)
【57题详解】
考查副词。根据文章第五段的you realize that being alone isn’t so bad. Boredom can provide its own stimulation.可知你会意识到孤独并没有那么糟糕，无聊会提供它自己的刺激。Being alone isn’t so bad. _____7_____ , you'll be stimulated by boredom.独处并没有那么糟糕，相反/事实上，无聊会刺激你，符合文意，又此处是修饰句子，应填副词。故 Instead/Rather/Actually。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。根据文章第六段的The world becomes richer, the layers start to peel back, and you see things for what they really are, in all their wholeness, in all their contradictions, and in all their unfamiliarity.可知独处时世界变得丰富，层次开始剥落，你看到事物的本质，它们的全部，它们的矛盾处，和它们的陌生处，即你对看到的事物有更全透彻的理解。再结合名词views判断此处应填形容词，故填comprehensive/thorough/ overall。
【59题详解】
考查动名词。根据文章第七段的Just because a quiet room doesn’t scream with excitement like the idea of immersing yourself in a movie or a TV show doesn’t mean there isn’t depth to explore there.可知，仅仅因为一个安静的房间不会让你兴奋的尖叫，就像你沉浸在一场精彩的电影或电视节目一样，这并不意味着没有深度去探索，即安静的环境可以让人集中精力去深度探索。故此处用“探索”符合文意，在结合前面的of判断此处应用动名词形式。故填exploring。
【60题详解】
考查名词。本文主要讲害怕孤独对我们的危害，以及独处和无聊的好处，再结合Solitude is the first step you should take to save yourself from being ruined by ____10____ and anxiety.可知独处是你避免被孤独和焦虑毁掉所采取的第一步，可以总结本文，又根据and anxiety可知空格处应填名词。故填loneliness。
第五部分: 书面表达（满分25分）
61.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Did you go somewhere for your Spring Festival holiday? Did you get lost in the crowds and become one of hundreds or thousands of people crammed together in front of a building, a landscape, a bridge or even a painting? This is what we call “overtourism”---the phenomenon of a popular destination or sight becoming overrun with tourists in an unsustainable way.
Overtourism occurs when there are too many visitors to a particular destination. “Too many” is a subjective term, of course, but it is defined in each destination by local residents, hosts, business owners and tourists. When rent prices push out local tenants to make way for holiday rentals, that is overtourism. When narrow roads become jammed with tourist vehicles, that is overtourism. When wildlife is scared away, when tourists cannot view landmarks because of the crowds, when fragile environments become degraded---these are all signs of overtourism.
These years, the travel industry focuses almost exclusively on growth, with little or no concern for the impacts. In many destinations, tourism now demonstrably creates more problems than benefits. This can take many forms; perhaps a million additional tourists are arriving in a capital city, or 20 additional tourists in a small, rural community.
And whenever you travel, try and ensure as much of your cash stays as local as possible. Pay national park entrance fees to ensure your visit supports conservation; stay in locally owned guesthouses; eat at local restaurants and take tours with local guides. Tourism can still be very much a force for good, and ensuring that local residents, habitats and wildlife benefit from your presence is an important part of that.
【写作内容】
1.以约30个词概括文章大意；
2.以约120个词就“过度旅游”这个主题发表你的看法，内容要包括如下要点：
（1）你觉得“过度旅游”现象出现的原因是什么？
（2）你觉得要釆取哪些措施来缓解“过度旅游”这个问题？
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整、语言规范、语篇连贯、词数适当。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Overtourism has brought about negative effects while the travel industry almost only focuses on growth. In order to reduce such effects, tourists had better ensure the money stays local when traveling.
I believe there are many factors contributing to overtourism, such as the widespread of high-speed trains and the governments’ encouragement of large tourist population. What’s worse, the travel industry is not concerned about the impacts of overtoursim.
Regarding current situation, I suggest the government, the travel industry and tourists take joint efforts to solve the problem. Firstly, the government should shift their attention to sustainable tourism rather than merely attracting more tourists. Secondly, the travel industry needs to balance the profits with visitor’s positive traveling experience as well as environmental protection. Last but not least, I think it is better for tourists to travel during off-season and choose public transportation as much as possible.
If we are all aware of the problem of overtourism, surely it will soon be resolved.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文，文章主要就过度旅游的现象，产生的原因，造成的后果以及游客该怎么做来保证旅游费用惠及当地进行了论述。本篇要求考生先对文章进行概括，再发表自己对该问题的看法。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1.以约30个词概括文章大意；2.以约120个词就“过度旅游”这个主题发表你的看法，内容要包括如下要点：（1）你觉得“过度旅游”现象出现的原因是什么？（2）你觉得要釆取哪些措施来缓解“过度旅游”这个问题？
第二，人称为第一人称和第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为四段。第一段，以约30个词概括文章大意。第二段，你觉得“过度旅游”现象出现的原因是什么？第三段，你觉得要釆取哪些措施来缓解“过度旅游”这个问题？。第四段，表达希望。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: reduce such effects，contributing to，be concerned about ，take joint efforts to do sth, shift their attention to sustainable tourism ,balance the profits, environmental protection, be aware of。
第四步：确定较为高级的句子: 省略that的宾语从句和虚拟语气I suggest the government, the travel industry and tourists take joint efforts to solve the problem. if 引导的条件状语从句If we are all aware of the problem of overtourism, surely it will soon be resolved。
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接: Firstly，Secondly, Last but not least。
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: 省略that的宾语从句和虚拟语气I suggest the government, the travel industry and tourists take joint efforts to solve the problem. if 引导的条件状语从句If we are all aware of the problem of overtourism, surely it will soon be resolved。
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。