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江苏省泰州中学2020届高三上学期期中考试英语试题
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2019～2020学年度第一学期期中考试
高三英语
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共三部分，满分85分）
第一部分 听力（共两节 ，满分20分）
第一节 （共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man refuse the woman’s offer?
A. To continue reading. B. To make some coffee. C To go out with some friends.
2. How does the man feel about the news?
A. Excited. B. Indifferent. C. Disappointed.
3. What is George?
A. A secretary. B. A driver. C. A policeman.
4. Where is the woman?
A. In her office. B. At home. C. At school.
5. What will the speakers do on the weekend?
A. Play computer games. B. Work out. C. Have a trip.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What may be the woman?
A. A waitress. B. A broadcaster. C. A singer
7. What do people call David?
A. Jack. B. Elvis. C. Tennessee.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. Why is the man so anxious?
A. He forgot to buy a gift. B. He might lose his job. C. He will be late.
9. Who are on the way here?
A. The musicians. B. The cooks. C. The dancers.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. Have a drink. B. Make a call. C. Take a rest.
听下面一段对话，回答第至第13三个小题。
11. When did the woman have the idea of opening the café?
A. About a year ago. B About five years ago. C. About nine years ago.
12. Why does the woman want to open the café?
A. To have a different lifestyle. B. To make more friends. C. To own her study room.
13. What kind of place does the woman want the cafe to be?
A. A quiet library. B. A business center. C. A relaxing place.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。
14. How long did that trip in high school take?
A. About a week. B. About two days. C. About five hours.
15. How did Tim take road trips?
A On foot. B. By bike. C. By car.
16. Where does Tim live now?
A. In Japan. B. In America. C. In Mexico.
17. What is a road trip like in America?
A. Normal. B. Difficult. C. Expensive.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。
18. Where is the speaker making the announcement?
A. In a gym. B. In a hotel. C. On a ship.
19. What is the best part of the restaurants?
A. They offer all kinds of food.
B. They are open 24 hours a day.
C. They provide live music shows.
20. Where can one do sports?
A. On the top floor. B. On the bottom floor. C. On the second floor.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节 ，满分35分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1.Some Americans’ ________ remarks arising from their ignorance of facts have caused live NBA matches to disappear from China’s media.
A. authentic B. sufficient C. arbitrary D. desperate
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些美国人由于不了解事实而发表的武断言论，导致NBA直播赛在中国媒体上消失。A. authentic真实的； B. sufficient足够的；C. arbitrary任意的，武断的；D. desperate绝望的，渴望的。结合句意可知此处arbitrary修饰remarks作定语，表示“武断的言论”符合语境，故选C。
2.There are few occasions for kids ________ they have the freedom to do what they want to do.
A. when B. where C. which D. whom
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：孩子们很少有机会自由地去做他们想做的事。occasion作先行词，关系词有三中情况：（1）如果occasion表示机会，时机，并在定语从句中作时间状语，就用when引导。例如：Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.（2）如果occasion指“场合、场所”，并在定语从句中作地点状语，就用where引导。例如：This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously.（3）如果occasion在定语从句中不是作为时间或地点状语，而是作为主语或宾语，关系词用that或which。例如：This is an occasion that/which is not suitable for laughter.本句中考查的是第一种情况，故选A。
3.The permanent solution to the trade war between China and America must ________ America withdrawing extra taxes.
A. interfere B. involve C. deliver D. distribute
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：中美贸易战的永久解决方案必须包括美国停止加征额外的关税。A. interfere干扰； B. involve 包含，需要，牵涉，(使) 参加，加入； C. deliver发布，递送； D. distribute分配，分发。解决方案包含停止加征额外的关税，应使用involve，故选B。
4.The violence in Hong Kong has threatened its stability. We would rather it ________ its former order soon.
A. would restore B. restored C. will restore D. had restored
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：香港的暴力行为已经威胁到它的稳定。我们希望香港尽快恢复以前的秩序。would rather的意思是“希望”“宁愿”。后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，用法如下:1.若从句内容涉及的是对现在或将来情况的希望，则从句谓语用一般过去时。如：I'd rather you went now. 我宁愿你现在去。I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。2.若从句内容涉及的是对过去已发生情况表示遗憾或后悔，则从句谓语用过去完成时。如：I'd rather you hadn't said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。根据soon一词，从句的谓语动词应使用restored，故选B。
5.________ I can’t help admiring her courage, I think it’s barely acceptable for an inexperienced driver to drive alone on the freeway.
A Unless B. As C. Since D. While
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然我情不自禁地钦佩她的勇气，但是我认为没有经验的驾驶员独自在高速公路上开车几乎是不能接受的。选项A中的 unless引导条件状语从句，意思是“如果不，除非”。例如：You will fail unless you work hard.如果你不积极工作,就会失败。Let's have dinner out — unless you are too tired.咱们出去吃饭吧—除非你太累了。选项B中的as引导时间状语从句，表示“当…的时候”的意思。例如：As I waited at the stop，I heard a big noise. 当我在车站等车的时候，我听到一个很大的声响。as引导原因状语从句，表示“因为，由于”的意思。例如：As she was not well, I went there alone. 因为她身体不好，所以我独自到那里去了。as可以表示“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，从句通常用倒装语序。例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道的东西很多。选项C 中的since可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从…以来”。例如： Since the new term began，Two weeks has passed.开学以来两个星期已经过去了。此外也可引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”的意思。Since we have only one room, it has to be shared.由于我们只有一个房间，所以我们得住在一个房间里。选项D中的 while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。例如：While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. 虽然祖父母们爱小孩子,但却对他们要求严格。本题符合这个例子的用法，故选D。
6.Although the current leadership has demonstrated their commitment, what is the possibility of corruption ________ from China in the near future?
A. to be removed B. removing C. removed D. being removed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然现任领导层已经表明了他们的承诺，但在不久的将来，腐败在中国被清除的可能性有多大？分析句子结构可知此处是动名词的复合结构作宾语，corruption和remove之间是被动关系，corruption前面有介词of，故用动名词的被动形式，即being removed，故选D。
7.The argument has gained currency throughout the world ________ listening to classical music regularly improves the brain dramatically.
A. whether B. that C. what D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这一观点在全世界流行开来，即常听古典音乐能显著改善大脑。空格后的从句 是对currency的解释，从句中不缺成分，语意完整，因此使用that引导同位语从句，故选B。
8.It is universally recognized that how one performs when faced with fierce competition can ________ the best in them.
A. bring out B. pull out C. turn out D. put out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，在面对激烈的竞争时一个人该如何回应会使自己发挥出最好的一面。A. bring out使显现，激发; B. pull out 拿出，拔出，车等驶出； C. turn out结果是, 证明是； D. put out熄灭，扑灭。bring out the best in sb是固定搭配, 意为“发挥某人的长处， 把某人的…显现出来”。如：This kind of work brings out the best in her.这种工作使她充分发挥了她的所长。根据语意，故选A。
9.Typically, with high-status and well-paid jobs ________ far more pressure than assumed.
A. are coming B. is coming C. come D. comes
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：通常情况下，社会地位高和薪水高的工作带来的压力远远超过人们的想象。为了强调而将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末从而形成倒装，这种倒装句中的谓语多为以下不及物动词： come, lie, stand, walk, 且为全部倒装的形式。例如： Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大树下坐着一个老农夫。Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. 一群游客沿着尘土飞扬的路走来。根据句意，此句应使用一般现在时，pressure是主语，谓语动词用comes，故选D。
10.—Have you found the building where the lecture will take place?
—Yes. But the campus ________ large and I nearly got lost just now.
A. was B. had been C. will be D. is
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：---你找到讲课的地方了吗？---是的。但是校园很大，刚才我差点迷路了。校园很大，这是客观事实，谓语动词应使用一般现在时is，故选D。
11.As is known to all, the law requires equal treatment for all, ________ race, religion, or gender.
A. in spite of B. in terms of C. regardless of D. in virtue of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：众所周知，法律要求人人平等，不论种族、宗教或性别。A. in spite of尽管，不管；B. in terms of在…方面，从…角度看; C. regardless of不管，不顾; D. in virtue of由于。in spite of与regardless of的使用语境是不同的。in spite of 意为“即使也不”是否定语气。例句：He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.他虽竭尽全力，但仍然未能将那石头搬起来。regardless of 表示“无论…都要…”的意思，是肯定语气。例句： I shall go regardless of the weather.我不管天气如何都要去。 因此两个词在语气和意思上都有明显差别，故选C。
12.The company one keeps influences how successful they are, indicating one should have great ________ in the choice of friends.
A. separation B. discrimination C. occupation D. comprehension
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：朋友的好坏直接影响到一个人的成功与否，这表明一个人在选择朋友时应该有较强的辨别力。A. separation分离，分开，分割； B. discrimination歧视，辨别力，鉴赏力； C. occupation工作，职业，占领； D. comprehension理解，领悟。结合句意，可知此处用discrimination符合语义，故选B。
13.—It’s so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed?
—Oh, I’m not to blame. They ________ open.
A. shan’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. wouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：---这里又热又不舒服！你的窗户怎么还关着？ ---哦，不该责备我啊。窗户打不开了。shan’t= shall not意为“不可, 不应”；mustn’t=must not意为“不要”；wouldn't=would not 意为“不会，不愿意”。won’t=will not意为“不会, 不能”， will在这里表示能力、功能。例如：This auditorium will seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人。这句话意思是“这扇窗不能打开”，故选C项。
14.Mother Teresa, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, was an influential person globally, ________ devoted to helping those suffering from poverty.
A. one B. one who C. that D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和同位语。句意：特雷莎修女是诺贝尔和平奖的获得者，她是一个在全球范围内有影响力的人，她致力于帮助贫困人口。作为替代词的“one”融入非限定性定语从句成为一种结构 ： “ 先行词 ， +one+定语 从句” 。原句最初的形式是Mother Teresa, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, was an influential person globally, one who was devoted to helping those suffering from poverty. person是先行词，one作person的同位语，然后将who was省略。再如：.Mary is a good girl ,one every boy would like to make friends with. girl是先行词，one是girl的同位语，定语从句的关系代词作宾语已经省略掉，故选A。
15.Our neighbor is always doing what he can to help those in need. He is really ________.
A. a Scrooge B. a good Samaritan C. a sacred cow D. a Judas
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查英语习语。句意：我们的邻居一直在尽其所能来帮助有困难的人。A项 a Scrooge意为“吝啬鬼”；B项a good Samaritan意为“善良的人,助人为乐的好人 ”；C项意为“神圣不可侵犯的思想、机构、制度等” 。例如：I really wonder why they still regard it as a sacred cow now.我真的很好奇他们为什么现在还把它奉为神明。D.犹大，叛徒。邻居尽其所能来帮助有困难的人，因此他是助人为乐的好人 ，故选B。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I learned about life from an ant farm. When I was seven years old, my family ___16___ an ant farm at home. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box, and then we brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into the ___17___ home.
Shortly after the new ___18___ were dropped into the glass structure, they got to work making tunnels. I was amazed that each one knew ___19___what to do. After hours of staring, I realized that the ants had assigned jobs. With my mom ' s help, I kept a diary of what happened each day and ___20___ the ants. My favorite was the biggest , Cinderella. I drew a picture of her in my diary, which I still have .
One day a tragedy ___21___ the ant farm.While I was observing the ants , I had put my face so close to the structure that I accidentally ___22___ it over. Unfortunately, my carelessness caused all the tunnels to ___23___. Although the ants ___24___ their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was ___25___ as I watched them give up their tunnel-building to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm. My mother reported that the ants were actually dying of "frustration"--- the feeling annoyed and disappointed as they couldn’t control the situation . They simply could not ___26___ the reality that their tunnels had been destroyed. Cinderella was the last to die ---she did so while carrying a dead ant on her back .
Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, ___27___ it taught me much more.___28___ the years, I came to realize the ants were a study in the benefits of ___29___. Working together, they were able to create a(an) ___30___ world for themselves. I also learned that they should be___31___ for their hard work. Day in and day out, each labored at their task. The ant farm showed that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key ___32___ for success. But there was an even larger lesson that I did not ___33___until recently: Disaster is a natural part of life, and must be ___34___. Unlike the ants, humans cannot give up when they face ___35___. Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel caves in , we just have to build another.
16. A. created B. bought C. ran D. laid
17. A. empty B. new C. strange D. distant
18. A. guests B. settlers C. friends D. members
19. A. probably B. roughly C. exactly D. normally
20. A. named B. trained C. compared D. measured
21. A. affected B. struck C. kicked D. beat
22. A. split B. took C. tipped D. handed
23. A. rush out B. break in C. drop out D. cave in
24. A. experienced B. predicted C. faced D. survived
25. A. annoyed B. astonished C. moved D. thrilled
26. A. reflect B. ignore C. confirm D. stand
27. A. and B. but C. so D. or
28. A. In B. For C. From D. Over
29. A. teamwork B. devotion C. responsibility D. organization
30. A. relaxing B. amusing C. moving D. amazing
31. A. supported B. inspired C. admired D. admitted
32. A. conclusions B. solutions C. recipes D. circumstances
33. A. give B. realize C. take D. adopt
34. A. accepted B. suffered C. escaped D. managed
35. A. challenges B. barriers C. pressure D. disappointment
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过蚂蚁农场，感悟到了生活的哲理：生活中要注重团队合作和坚持不懈，当然面对灾难，面对失望时，我们也要意识到：一条通道坍塌了，我们可以建造另外一条。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我七岁时，我们家在家里建立个蚂蚁农场。A. created创造；B. bought购买；C. ran奔跑；D. laid放置。根据下文，我们是在自家DIY了一个蚂蚁农场，create创建，创造，符合题意。故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们先在一个玻璃盒子里铺了些干净的沙子，然后从后院弄来一些蚂蚁，把它们安置在新家里。A. empty空的； B. new新的；C. strange奇怪的；D. distant疏远的。蚂蚁们原本在后院，我们把它们移到我们给他们造的盒子里，这是他们的新家。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些的定居者被放到玻璃房子里之后不久，它们就开始建隧道。A. guests 客人；B. settlers移民，定居者；C. friends朋友；D. members成员。蚂蚁是从后院搬到这个玻璃房子的，它们是这个玻璃房子的新的定居者。settler意为定居者，符合题意。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶：每只蚂蚁都准确地知道自己该做什么。A. probably大概，也许；B. roughly粗略地； C. exactly精确地，准确地；D. normally正常地。蚂蚁搭建隧道有条不紊，每只蚂蚁都精确而准确地知道各自的任务。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在妈妈的帮助下，我将每天发生的事写在日记上，并且给这些蚂蚁取名字。A. named命名；B. trained培训；C. compared比较；D. measured测量。根据下文，我最喜欢的蚂蚁叫Cinderella,可知作者是在给蚂蚁们取名字。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，悲剧发生了。A. affected影响；B. struck（疾病，灾难等的）侵袭，爆发；C. kicked踢；D. beat击败。一天，一场悲剧发生了，strike意为（疾病，灾难等的）侵袭，爆发，符合题意。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在观察蚂蚁的时候，我的脸靠得太近，无意中把这个玻璃房子弄歪掉了。A. split分裂；B. took拿走；C. tipped倾覆，倾倒；D. handed上交。因为靠得近，不小心将这个房子（其实是个装蚂蚁的玻璃盒子）弄倾斜了。tip意为：（使）倾倒，倾覆，符合题意。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，我的粗心使得所有的隧道都塌了。A. rush out冲出去；B. break in打断，闯入；C. drop out 退学；D. cave in塌落。玻璃房子倾斜了，里面沙子制成的隧道也就相应地塌了。cave in意为：塌落，符合题意。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然蚂蚁们从地震中幸存下来了，但是他们一个接一个地开始死去。A. experienced体验；B. predicted预测；C. faced 褪色；D. survived幸存。房子倾斜，隧道塌落，对住在里面的蚂蚁而言，相当于一次地震，他们在地震中活下来了。survive意为：幸存，幸免于难，符合题意。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看着他们停住建造隧道，而将死去的蚂蚁的尸体移到农场的一个角落时，我感到很震惊。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. astonished震惊的；C. moved 感动的；D. thrilled非常兴奋的。看到他们将死去的蚂蚁搬到蚂蚁农场的一角，我感到很惊讶，惊讶于他们停住隧道的建造，惊讶于他们的相继死亡。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是不能接受这样的事实：他们的隧道被摧毁了。 A. reflect反映；B. ignore忽视；C. confirm证实；D. stand忍受。蚂蚁相继死亡，因为无法忍受隧道被摧毁的事实。stand意为：容忍，忍受（强调不喜欢），符合题意。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：妈妈希望这个蚂蚁农场能教会一些关于自然界的事，但它教会我更多的东西。 A. and表并列、递进；B. but表转折；C. so表结果；D. or表选择。妈妈的希望跟事实上蚂蚁农场教会我的有出入，之间是转折关系。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：这些年，我逐渐意识到蚂蚁是研究团队合作好处的一个课题。A. In在……里；B. For 为了；C. From从……中；D. Over在……期间。过了这么多年，是指跨越这么多年这样一个时间区间，即在……期间。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些年，我逐渐意识到蚂蚁是研究团队合作好处的一个课题。A. teamwork团队合作；B. devotion专心；C. responsibility责任；D. organization组织。根据上下文，蚂蚁搭建隧道是团队合作，后一句话也提到，一起努力工作，他们能创造一个奇妙的世界，所以说蚂蚁是研究团队合作好处的一个课题。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一起努力工作，他们能给自己创造一个奇妙的世界。A. relaxing放松的；B. amusing好笑的；C. moving移动的；D. amazing奇妙的。小小的蚂蚁，其实团结起来，有大大的能量。他们一起搭造的隧道就是一个例子，这是一个奇妙的属于蚂蚁的世界。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也学到，我们应该佩服他们的勤劳。 A. supported支持；B. inspired激励；C. admired佩服；D. admitted承认。我从蚂蚁身上学到了许多，勤劳也是其中之一，这也是他们应该被我们所佩服的地方。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。 句意：蚂蚁农场表明：团队合作和坚持不懈的确是成功的两个关键的秘诀。A. conclusions 结论；B. solutions 解决办法；C. recipes食谱，秘诀；D. circumstances情况。团队合作加上坚持不懈可以给我们带来成功，所以这两者是成功的秘诀。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。 句意：但是我最近才领会到一个更大的教义：灾难是生活的必然部分，应该要接受。A. give给；B. realize意识到；C. take拿走；D. adopt采纳。我直到最近才意识到一个更大的人生哲理，realize意为：意识到，符合题意。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我最近才领会到一个更大的教义：灾难是生活的必然部分，应该要接受。A. accepted接受； B. suffered受苦；C. escaped逃离；D. managed设法做到。灾难是人生的必然部分，不可避免，不能逃离，只能接受。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：跟蚂蚁不一样，当面临沮丧时，我们人类不能放弃。 A. challenges挑战；B. barriers障碍物；C. pressure压力；D. disappointment沮丧。根据上文，蚂蚁们的隧道坍塌，蚂蚁接受不了，死于沮丧。我们跟蚂蚁不一样，当面临沮丧时，我们不能放弃。这里disappointment与上文的frustration是近义词。故选D项。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第五题，根据下文，我最喜欢的蚂蚁叫Cinderella,可知作者是在给蚂蚁们取名字。故选A项named。还有第8题，根据本文最后一句话“Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel caves in , we just have to build another.”可知，跟蚂蚁不一样，我们要意识到如果一条隧道塌了，我们只要再建一条。故该题选D项cave in。
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Driven by high salaries and strong job prospects, a lot of students enter college thinking they will major in engineering. If you think engineering might be a good choice for you, a summer engineering program is a great way to learn more about the field and expand your experiences. Below are some excellent summer engineering programs.
Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation
This introductory engineering course for rising juniors and seniors is offered by Johns Hopkins University at several locations across the country. If the student achieves an A or B in the program, they will also receive three transferable credits from Johns Hopkins University. The program runs for four or five days a week over four to five weeks, depending on the location.
Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology offers this enrichment program for high school juniors interested in engineering, science and entrepreneurship. Students select five of 14 strict academic courses to study over the six weeks of the program, during which time they have several opportunities to network with a diverse group of individuals within the fields of science and engineering. Students also share and celebrate their own cultures.
Summer Engineering Exploration Camp
Hosted by the University of Michigan, this program is a one-week residential camp for rising high school sophomores, juniors and seniors interested in engineering. Participants have the opportunity to explore several different areas of engineering during engineering workplace tours, group projects, and presentations by students, faculty and professional engineers. Campers also enjoy recreational events and experience a university residential atmosphere in the University of Michigan dorms.
Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois
This residential summer engineering camp for rising high school juniors and seniors is offered by the Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering program, headquartered at the University of Illinois. Campers have the chance to interact with engineering students and faculty, visit engineering facilities and research labs at the university, and work together on hands-on engineering projects. Students also participate in traditional camp recreational and social activities. The camp runs for two one-week sessions during June and July.
36. Which of the following programs lasts longest?
A. Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation
B. Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science
C. Summer Engineering Exploration Camp
D. Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois
37. This passage may be intended for ________.
A. engineering majors B. professional engineers
C. high school students D. scientifically gifted children
【答案】36. B 37. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文向进入大学想主修工程学的高中学生介绍了一些大学在暑期开设的关于工程学的课程和活动。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation中的“four to five weeks”和Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)中的 “the six weeks of the program”和Summer Engineering Exploration Camp中的“one-week”以及 Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois中的“two one-week ”可知，通过对比，可以看出Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science持续的时间最长。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。由Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation中的“rising juniors and seniors”由Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)中的“high school juniors ”和Summer Engineering Exploration Camp中的“for rising high school juniors and seniors”以及 Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois中的“ rising high school juniors and seniors”可知，这些课程和活动主要针对的对象是高中学生。故判断出这段短文是专门写给高中学生的。故选C。
B
The latest discovery in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect
According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey (猎物) using both their ears and an inborn understanding of how the physical world works.
In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled; others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.
It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.
“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.
Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking”—looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive (认知) as normal.
When babies’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to obey the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.
Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe, Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America’s most important research universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.
38. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?
A. They can be trained to understand the physical world.
B. They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.
C. They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.
D. They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.
39. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containers?
A. Their command of cause and effect. B. Their unusual sense of direction.
C. Their special ability to perceive. D. Their inborn sensitivity to noise.
40. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?
A. They have higher intelligence than the majority of animals.
B. They display outstanding abilities in hunting and hearing.
C. They can aid physics professors in their research work.
D. They interact with the physical world much like humans.
【答案】38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，介绍了对猫的最新研究成果，它们似乎对物理定律和因果关系的来龙去脉有基本的把握。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey (猎物) using both their ears and an inborn understanding of how the physical world works.可知，根据一项新发表的研究，猫似乎能够通过自己的耳朵以及一种天生的对于外界如何运转的理解力来预测出隐藏的猎物的位置。inborn和选项B中的natural意思相同，location是选项B中的locate的名词，故选B。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,可知，猫利用对于噪音或声音的一种因果逻辑理解来预测看不见的物体的出现。casual-logical和选项A中的cause and effect意思相同，故选A。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.可知，猫通过展示它们的常识，证明了它们和人类之间的区别也许并没有那么大。文章主要内容是在讨论猫和人类在对物理学的规律以及起因和结果的来龙去迈的理解上区别也许没有那么大。结合文章内容，故选D。
C
The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to be in the red. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for 2016 alone, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has the debts of more than $120 billion, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.
Interest groups ranging from postal unions to postcard makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s final supervisor—Congress (参议院), insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the present legal situation they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation (立法) have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by postponing vital modernization.
Now comes word that everyone involved—Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the systems heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the White House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely reduce the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.
If it clears the White House, this measure will still have to get through the Senate—where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to make the Postal Service stay afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major mistake considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of getting rid of Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the White House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 2lst century.
41. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by ________.
A. its rigid management. B. its unbalanced budget.
C. the cost for technical innovation D. the suspension of bank support.
42. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. protecting every interest group benefits the USPS
B. the USPS will invest more money in retiree health care
C. the White House has already approved the reform
D. the author seems to be discontent with legislators
43. What does the underlined words “stay afloat” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Boom. B. Survive.
C. Decline. D. Expand.
44. Which of the following is probably the best title for the text?
A. The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days
B. The USPS Starts to cooperate with Legislators
C. The USPS Needs Comprehensive Aid and Reform
D. The USPS Is Bound to Get out of the Dilemma
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文讲述美国邮政总局连年赤字，却由于受到利益集团的抵制而无力改革的现象。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality,可知，管理结构方面没能够灵活地将自己的生产模式试用到现实生活中，表明财政问题的部分原因在于“僵化的管理”。故A选项正确。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the White House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 2lst century.可知，围绕该法案出现的共识表明，立法议员们对USPS可能在进期出现破产担惊受怕。然而，这无法表明他们正在认真对待二十一世纪邮政系统的变革。由此可知，作者对于立法议员持否定态度，故D选项正确。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中If it clears the White House, this measure will still have to get through the Senate和后面的not comprehensive reform可知，改革措施如果获得众议院通过，它还需要经过参议院的审查，有的参议员会提出不必进行全面的改革。结合邮政总局目前的处境，可推断出有的参议员认为只需要做出最低限度的变革“the bare minimum necessary”，就可以使其维持运营，survive意为“生存”。故选B。
【44题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.可知，美国邮政总局连年赤字，它已经站在了历史的十字路口，它必须做一个彻底的变革，以适应新的现实。从文章的写作结构可以看出，文章是谈一个问题以及它的解决办法的。故选C。
D
In 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I took what I could get—a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen—teaching English.
School started, but I felt more and more as if I were in a foreign country. Was this rural area really New Jersey? My students took a week off when hunting season began. I was told they were also frequently absent in late October to help their fathers make hay on the farms. I was a young woman from New York City, who thought that “Make hay while the sun shines” just meant to have a good time.
But, still, I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class—seventeen boys and five girls who were only six years younger than me. I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love of the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text obviously ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seems reasonable. By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster, known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.
My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes.
I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying but at my next free period I had to face him. I wondered if he would let me finish out the day. I walked to his office, took a deep breath, and opened the door.
He was sitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was that I was not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.
When he spoke, he said simply, without accusation, “You had nothing to say to them.”
“You had nothing to say to them.” he repeated, “No wonder they are bored. Why not get to the meat of literature and stop talking about symbolism. Talk with them, not at them. And more important, why do you ignore their bad behavior?” We talked. He named my problems and offered solutions. We role-played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet, warm, teacher.
As the year progressed, we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human beings and their motivations. He helped me identify my weaknesses and strengths. In short, he made a teacher of me by teaching me the reality of Emerson’s words: “The secret to education lies in respecting the pupil!”
Fifteen years later I still drive that same winding road to the same school. Thanks to the help I received that difficult first year, the school is my home now.
45. It can be inferred from the story that in 1974 ________.
A. the writer became an optimistic person
B. it was rather difficult to get a job in the USA
C. the writer was very happy about her new job
D. it was easy to get a teaching job in New Jersey
46. According to the passage, which of the following is most probably the writer’s problem as a new teacher?
A. She didn’t ask experienced teachers for advice.
B. She took too much time off to eat and sleep.
C. She had blind trust in what she learnt at college.
D. She didn’t like teaching English literature.
47. What is the writer’s biggest worry after her taskmaster’s observation of her class?
A. She might lose her teaching job
B. She might lose her students’ respect.
C. She couldn’t teach the same class any more.
D. She couldn’t ignore her students’ bad behavior any more.
48. Which of the following gives the writer a sense of mild victory?
A. Her talk about symbolism sounded convincing.
B. She managed to finish the class without crying.
C Her students behaved a little better than usual.
D. She was invited for a talk by her boss after class.
49. The students behaved badly in the writer’s classes because ________.
A. she didn’t really understand them
B. they were keen to embarrass her
C. they didn’t regard her as a good teacher
D. she didn’t have the fluency of English
50. Which of the following is probably the best title for this passage?
A. My successful and smooth teaching career
B. The fierce competition in the job market
C. Useful suggestions on how to be an excellent English teacher
D. The challenging but unforgettable start of my teaching career
【答案】45. B 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我去一所学校教学的经历，没想到会遇到学生课堂秩序不好的问题，在老板的帮助下，我逐渐成长进步，并爱上教师这一职业。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“after filling out fifty applications going through four interviews and winning one offer，I took what I could get—a teaching job”在填写了50份申请表，通过了4次面试，并赢得了一份工作机会，可以推断出当时找工作很难，故选B。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior.”可知，我盲目轻信了大学里所学的教育教学理论，没有将理论和实际结合起来，导致了课堂秩序的混乱，故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段After twenty minutes he left silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes可知她担心会失去工作，unemployment对应选项A中的lose her teaching job，故选A。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying”，可知，剩下的时间，我在孩子们不哭的情况下上完了这节课，因而感到了一些成功，故选B。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第九段中“You had nothing to say to them…why do you ignore their bad behavior? We role-played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet, warm, teacher.”，可知我并没有真正的了解学生，只是盲目地使用学过的教育教学方法，老板发现情况后帮我解决问题，故选A。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。文章讲述了我在刚开始从事教师工作时，在教学中遇到的困难，因为不了解学生，盲目的使用学过的教育教学方法，没能将理论和实践相结合，但在老板的帮助下，我不断地成长进步，并非常喜欢教师这个职业。选项D中challenging一词和unforgettable恰当地描述了初次走上教学岗位的我对教学的感受，故选D。
【点睛】主旨大意题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，不少文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。另外在许多文段中，没有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
本文需要考生通读全文后进行归纳概括，把握文章的中心思想。即我在刚开始从事教师工作时，在教学中遇到的困难，后来我不断地成长进步，并非常喜欢教师这个职业。抓住选项D中的关键词challenging和unforgettable，它们恰当地描述了初次走上教学岗位的我对教学的感受，可以作为标题，故选D。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共两部分，满分35分）
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Generally speaking, perfectionism is a good thing, if it makes you do better work and try harder to complete tasks well. However, perfectionism can become a bad thing when it stops you feeling satisfied with yourself or what you’ve accomplished. Every artist knows how important it is to stop adding touches to their paintings and how constantly adding elements can end up ruining the work. If you constantly demand only the very best from yourself, this can damage your self-respect as you find nothing you do will live up to your expectations. And if you extend this harsh (无情的) judgment to your friends and family and only focus on the negatives around them, you will find that they begin to dislike and avoid you.
So how do you get rid of these kinds of negative perfectionism? The following suggestions might help you a lot.
First of all, you’d better think twice about your standards. Look at what other people do. How long does it take them to carry out a project? Are their lower standards getting them fired? Do they still accomplish good work? Are your exacting (苛求的) standards worth the cost in terms of time and energy? I am sure that you can learn a lot from your answers.
Secondly, don’t always compare yourself with others. Perfectionists tend to have high standards. For example, an artist who thinks his work is never done might be comparing his paintings to those of Vincent van Gogh, Leonardo da Vinci or other great artists. Remember that only a few people can become great masters and that most of us are just common people.
Last but not least, try to look at the situation objectively. If you are constantly adjusting things and never feel satisfied, then the chances are that you are too close to the situation and that you can’t judge it rightly any more. You’d better ask those around you what they think and whether they think your work is good enough. Besides, give your project some breathing space by leaving it alone for some time, so you can come back to it with “fresh eyes”.
Nobody, nor any idea, is perfect. If you have a perfectionist streak in you, try and let it go, and embrace the process of getting your idea out into the world, rather than focusing on the end result.
Perfectionism is holding you back
____51____ perfectionism can cause
It can make one ____52____ with himself or his achievements.
It can get one’s self-respect damaged.
It can make one lose____53____ among his friends and family members.
Ways of ___54___ perfectionism
___55___ your standards
You need to find out what other people’s standards are.
Avoid making unwise ____56____
It is not sensible for you to ____57____ yourself to become a great master.
Get a(n) ____58____ view
Ask others for their ____59____ about your work.
Step back for a while and then return to your work with “fresh eyes”
Conclusion
Perfection doesn’t actually ______60______. Striving to do your best is good enough and will eventually lead you down a brilliant path.
【答案】51. Harm
52. unsatisfied/dissatisfied
53. popularity
54. removing/handling
55. Reconsider/Rethink
56. comparison
57. expect 58. objective
59. opinions/ideas/views/viewpoints
60. exist
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。完美主义有着积极的一面，也有消极的一面。正常的完美主义能带给人们追求目标的动力，同时给他们带来乐趣。而病态的完美主义会使人对自己感到不满意。那么，如何摆脱负面的完美主义呢？就此问题，文中提出了三个建议。 首先，您最好对标准进行三思；其次，不要总是将自己与他人进行比较；最后，尝试客观地看待情况。
【51题详解】
考查句意转换。根据文章第一段的However, perfectionism can become.可知，完美主义也会带来危害，故此处可用harm替换文中的a bad thing，故填Harm。
【52题详解】
考查句意转换。根据文章第一段的it stops you feeling satisfied with yourself or what you’ve accomplished可知，当完美主义停止让您对自己或完成的工作感到满意时，它就会变成一件坏事，故此处用satisfied的反义词作宾语补足语符合语义，故填unsatisfied/dissatisfied。
【53题详解】
考查句意转换。根据文章第一段的And if you extend this harsh (无情的) judgment to your friends and family and only focus on the negatives around them, you will find that they begin to dislike and avoid you.可知，如果您将这种无情的判断带给您的朋友和家人，而只关注周围的负面因素，你会发现他们开始讨厌并回避您。故此处可在lose后使用popularity，意为“大家不再欢迎你”，符合语义，故填popularity。
【54题详解】
考查同义替换。根据文章第二段的So how do you get rid of these kinds of negative perfectionism?可知，此处需填入get rid of 的同义词，表示“消除”，可以使用remove或handle，故填removing或handling。
【55题详解】
考查同义替换。根据文章第三段的First of all, you’d better think twice about your standards.可知，首先您最好对标准进行三思，因此可使用reconsider或rethink代替think twice，符合语义，在句首单词应大写首字母，故填Reconsider或Rethink。
【56题详解】
考查词性转换。根据文章第四段的Secondly, don’t always compare yourself with others.可知，其次不要总是将自己与他人进行比较，因此可使用compare的名词作make的宾语，符合语义，故填comparison。
【57题详解】
考查原文细节。根据文章第四段的Perfectionists tend to have high standards. 和Remember that only a few people can become great masters and that most of us are just common people.可知，完美主义者倾向于高标准，但是只有少数人可以成为大师，而我们大多数人都是普通人。由此可推断，期望自己成为一个伟大的大师是不明智的。expect“期望”，故填expect。
【58题详解】
考查词性转换。根据文章第五段的Last but not least, try to look at the situation objectively.可知，最后但很重要的一点是，尝试客观地看待这种情况。objective是形容词修饰view作定语，故填objective。
【59题详解】
考查同义替换。根据文章第五段的You’d better ask those around you what they think.可知，你最好问问周围人的想法，表示“想法”，故填opinions/ideas/views/viewpoints。
【60题详解】
考查原文细节。根据文章最后一段的Nobody, nor any idea, is perfect.可知，没有人也没有任何想法是完美的。此处需要填入动词，表示“存在”，故填exist。
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
61.请认真阅读下面文字，并按要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Online English-language courses for children saw an explosive growth in 2018, according to a report released by data-monitoring firm Trustdata on Tuesday.
The report on China’s online English education market for children shows that the market had more than 15 million users in 2018, up 168.3 percent year-on-year. And the market size was 21.3 billion yuan, an increase of 104 percent year-on-year, with one-on-one teaching taking up more than half of the market size. It’s expected that the market size will exceed 50 billion yuan ($7.3billion) in 2019.
The market pattern of one-on-one teaching has been gradually formed and the top brands have secured the lion’s share of the market, according to the report.
Insiders say as Chinese parents increase their spending on education, online education gets more recognition and China’s internationalization progresses, the number of online course users will keep growing.
写作内容
1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2. 你如何看待儿童在线英语教育？用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
写作要求
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With Chinese parents spending more on their children’s education, online English-language courses for children have been enjoying increasing popularity these years. And one-on-one teaching makes up over half of the market size.
From my point of view, online English education is a wise option, and children will benefit a lot from it. First of all, it’s very easy and convenient for children to have course online. They can have classes without leaving home so their parents needn’t worry about their safety. Meanwhile, much time will be saved for children and their parents which otherwise would have been spent on the journey. Secondly, the price of the courses is affordable for many parents. Compared with an offline one-on-one private English lesson from a training institution, these online courses are cheap and cost-effective. Last but not least, such courses provide children with opportunities to practice speaking English. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. Only by speaking English on a daily basis can children really improve their English.
All in all, online English education goes a long way towards developing children’s English skill.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇读写任务。本文主要讲述了随着中国父母在子女的教育上花费更多，这些年来，面向儿童的在线英语课程越来越受欢迎，一对一教学占了市场规模的一半以上。
【详解】该读写任务要求考生先写一篇对于文章的总结，然后表达对儿童在线英语教育的看法。首先，我们可以从两个方面对文章进行概括：在线英语教育课程受人欢迎的原因；一对一教学占有的市场份额情况。其次，从三个方面发表自己的观点：在线上课非常容易和方便；许多家长负担得起课程费用；课程为孩子提供了练习英语口语的机会。写作时注意词数，30词左右概括文章，120词左右表达观点。
【点睛】范文要点齐全，字数适当，表达清楚，符合逻辑。文章中使用了主从复合句： Meanwhile, much time will be saved for children and their parents which otherwise would have been spent on the journey.句中which引导定语从句。使用过去分词短语作状语： Compared with an offline one-on-one private English lesson from a training institution, these online courses are cheap and cost-effective.使用倒装句： Only by speaking English on a daily basis can children really improve their English.
2019～2020学年度第一学期期中考试
高三英语
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共三部分，满分85分）
第一部分 听力（共两节 ，满分20分）
第一节 （共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man refuse the woman’s offer?
A. To continue reading. B. To make some coffee. C To go out with some friends.
2. How does the man feel about the news?
A. Excited. B. Indifferent. C. Disappointed.
3. What is George?
A. A secretary. B. A driver. C. A policeman.
4. Where is the woman?
A. In her office. B. At home. C. At school.
5. What will the speakers do on the weekend?
A. Play computer games. B. Work out. C. Have a trip.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What may be the woman?
A. A waitress. B. A broadcaster. C. A singer
7. What do people call David?
A. Jack. B. Elvis. C. Tennessee.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. Why is the man so anxious?
A. He forgot to buy a gift. B. He might lose his job. C. He will be late.
9. Who are on the way here?
A. The musicians. B. The cooks. C. The dancers.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. Have a drink. B. Make a call. C. Take a rest.
听下面一段对话，回答第至第13三个小题。
11. When did the woman have the idea of opening the café?
A. About a year ago. B About five years ago. C. About nine years ago.
12. Why does the woman want to open the café?
A. To have a different lifestyle. B. To make more friends. C. To own her study room.
13. What kind of place does the woman want the cafe to be?
A. A quiet library. B. A business center. C. A relaxing place.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。
14. How long did that trip in high school take?
A. About a week. B. About two days. C. About five hours.
15. How did Tim take road trips?
A On foot. B. By bike. C. By car.
16. Where does Tim live now?
A. In Japan. B. In America. C. In Mexico.
17. What is a road trip like in America?
A. Normal. B. Difficult. C. Expensive.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。
18. Where is the speaker making the announcement?
A. In a gym. B. In a hotel. C. On a ship.
19. What is the best part of the restaurants?
A. They offer all kinds of food.
B. They are open 24 hours a day.
C. They provide live music shows.
20. Where can one do sports?
A. On the top floor. B. On the bottom floor. C. On the second floor.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节 ，满分35分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1.Some Americans’ ________ remarks arising from their ignorance of facts have caused live NBA matches to disappear from China’s media.
A. authentic B. sufficient C. arbitrary D. desperate
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些美国人由于不了解事实而发表的武断言论，导致NBA直播赛在中国媒体上消失。A. authentic真实的； B. sufficient足够的；C. arbitrary任意的，武断的；D. desperate绝望的，渴望的。结合句意可知此处arbitrary修饰remarks作定语，表示“武断的言论”符合语境，故选C。
2.There are few occasions for kids ________ they have the freedom to do what they want to do.
A. when B. where C. which D. whom
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：孩子们很少有机会自由地去做他们想做的事。occasion作先行词，关系词有三中情况：（1）如果occasion表示机会，时机，并在定语从句中作时间状语，就用when引导。例如：Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.（2）如果occasion指“场合、场所”，并在定语从句中作地点状语，就用where引导。例如：This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously.（3）如果occasion在定语从句中不是作为时间或地点状语，而是作为主语或宾语，关系词用that或which。例如：This is an occasion that/which is not suitable for laughter.本句中考查的是第一种情况，故选A。
3.The permanent solution to the trade war between China and America must ________ America withdrawing extra taxes.
A. interfere B. involve C. deliver D. distribute
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：中美贸易战的永久解决方案必须包括美国停止加征额外的关税。A. interfere干扰； B. involve 包含，需要，牵涉，(使) 参加，加入； C. deliver发布，递送； D. distribute分配，分发。解决方案包含停止加征额外的关税，应使用involve，故选B。
4.The violence in Hong Kong has threatened its stability. We would rather it ________ its former order soon.
A. would restore B. restored C. will restore D. had restored
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：香港的暴力行为已经威胁到它的稳定。我们希望香港尽快恢复以前的秩序。would rather的意思是“希望”“宁愿”。后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，用法如下:1.若从句内容涉及的是对现在或将来情况的希望，则从句谓语用一般过去时。如：I'd rather you went now. 我宁愿你现在去。I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。2.若从句内容涉及的是对过去已发生情况表示遗憾或后悔，则从句谓语用过去完成时。如：I'd rather you hadn't said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。根据soon一词，从句的谓语动词应使用restored，故选B。
5.________ I can’t help admiring her courage, I think it’s barely acceptable for an inexperienced driver to drive alone on the freeway.
A Unless B. As C. Since D. While
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然我情不自禁地钦佩她的勇气，但是我认为没有经验的驾驶员独自在高速公路上开车几乎是不能接受的。选项A中的 unless引导条件状语从句，意思是“如果不，除非”。例如：You will fail unless you work hard.如果你不积极工作,就会失败。Let's have dinner out — unless you are too tired.咱们出去吃饭吧—除非你太累了。选项B中的as引导时间状语从句，表示“当…的时候”的意思。例如：As I waited at the stop，I heard a big noise. 当我在车站等车的时候，我听到一个很大的声响。as引导原因状语从句，表示“因为，由于”的意思。例如：As she was not well, I went there alone. 因为她身体不好，所以我独自到那里去了。as可以表示“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，从句通常用倒装语序。例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道的东西很多。选项C 中的since可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从…以来”。例如： Since the new term began，Two weeks has passed.开学以来两个星期已经过去了。此外也可引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”的意思。Since we have only one room, it has to be shared.由于我们只有一个房间，所以我们得住在一个房间里。选项D中的 while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。例如：While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. 虽然祖父母们爱小孩子,但却对他们要求严格。本题符合这个例子的用法，故选D。
6.Although the current leadership has demonstrated their commitment, what is the possibility of corruption ________ from China in the near future?
A. to be removed B. removing C. removed D. being removed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然现任领导层已经表明了他们的承诺，但在不久的将来，腐败在中国被清除的可能性有多大？分析句子结构可知此处是动名词的复合结构作宾语，corruption和remove之间是被动关系，corruption前面有介词of，故用动名词的被动形式，即being removed，故选D。
7.The argument has gained currency throughout the world ________ listening to classical music regularly improves the brain dramatically.
A. whether B. that C. what D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这一观点在全世界流行开来，即常听古典音乐能显著改善大脑。空格后的从句 是对currency的解释，从句中不缺成分，语意完整，因此使用that引导同位语从句，故选B。
8.It is universally recognized that how one performs when faced with fierce competition can ________ the best in them.
A. bring out B. pull out C. turn out D. put out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，在面对激烈的竞争时一个人该如何回应会使自己发挥出最好的一面。A. bring out使显现，激发; B. pull out 拿出，拔出，车等驶出； C. turn out结果是, 证明是； D. put out熄灭，扑灭。bring out the best in sb是固定搭配, 意为“发挥某人的长处， 把某人的…显现出来”。如：This kind of work brings out the best in her.这种工作使她充分发挥了她的所长。根据语意，故选A。
9.Typically, with high-status and well-paid jobs ________ far more pressure than assumed.
A. are coming B. is coming C. come D. comes
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：通常情况下，社会地位高和薪水高的工作带来的压力远远超过人们的想象。为了强调而将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末从而形成倒装，这种倒装句中的谓语多为以下不及物动词： come, lie, stand, walk, 且为全部倒装的形式。例如： Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大树下坐着一个老农夫。Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. 一群游客沿着尘土飞扬的路走来。根据句意，此句应使用一般现在时，pressure是主语，谓语动词用comes，故选D。
10.—Have you found the building where the lecture will take place?
—Yes. But the campus ________ large and I nearly got lost just now.
A. was B. had been C. will be D. is
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：---你找到讲课的地方了吗？---是的。但是校园很大，刚才我差点迷路了。校园很大，这是客观事实，谓语动词应使用一般现在时is，故选D。
11.As is known to all, the law requires equal treatment for all, ________ race, religion, or gender.
A. in spite of B. in terms of C. regardless of D. in virtue of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：众所周知，法律要求人人平等，不论种族、宗教或性别。A. in spite of尽管，不管；B. in terms of在…方面，从…角度看; C. regardless of不管，不顾; D. in virtue of由于。in spite of与regardless of的使用语境是不同的。in spite of 意为“即使也不”是否定语气。例句：He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.他虽竭尽全力，但仍然未能将那石头搬起来。regardless of 表示“无论…都要…”的意思，是肯定语气。例句： I shall go regardless of the weather.我不管天气如何都要去。 因此两个词在语气和意思上都有明显差别，故选C。
12.The company one keeps influences how successful they are, indicating one should have great ________ in the choice of friends.
A. separation B. discrimination C. occupation D. comprehension
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：朋友的好坏直接影响到一个人的成功与否，这表明一个人在选择朋友时应该有较强的辨别力。A. separation分离，分开，分割； B. discrimination歧视，辨别力，鉴赏力； C. occupation工作，职业，占领； D. comprehension理解，领悟。结合句意，可知此处用discrimination符合语义，故选B。
13.—It’s so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed?
—Oh, I’m not to blame. They ________ open.
A. shan’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. wouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：---这里又热又不舒服！你的窗户怎么还关着？ ---哦，不该责备我啊。窗户打不开了。shan’t= shall not意为“不可, 不应”；mustn’t=must not意为“不要”；wouldn't=would not 意为“不会，不愿意”。won’t=will not意为“不会, 不能”， will在这里表示能力、功能。例如：This auditorium will seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人。这句话意思是“这扇窗不能打开”，故选C项。
14.Mother Teresa, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, was an influential person globally, ________ devoted to helping those suffering from poverty.
A. one B. one who C. that D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和同位语。句意：特雷莎修女是诺贝尔和平奖的获得者，她是一个在全球范围内有影响力的人，她致力于帮助贫困人口。作为替代词的“one”融入非限定性定语从句成为一种结构 ： “ 先行词 ， +one+定语 从句” 。原句最初的形式是Mother Teresa, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, was an influential person globally, one who was devoted to helping those suffering from poverty. person是先行词，one作person的同位语，然后将who was省略。再如：.Mary is a good girl ,one every boy would like to make friends with. girl是先行词，one是girl的同位语，定语从句的关系代词作宾语已经省略掉，故选A。
15.Our neighbor is always doing what he can to help those in need. He is really ________.
A. a Scrooge B. a good Samaritan C. a sacred cow D. a Judas
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查英语习语。句意：我们的邻居一直在尽其所能来帮助有困难的人。A项 a Scrooge意为“吝啬鬼”；B项a good Samaritan意为“善良的人,助人为乐的好人 ”；C项意为“神圣不可侵犯的思想、机构、制度等” 。例如：I really wonder why they still regard it as a sacred cow now.我真的很好奇他们为什么现在还把它奉为神明。D.犹大，叛徒。邻居尽其所能来帮助有困难的人，因此他是助人为乐的好人 ，故选B。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I learned about life from an ant farm. When I was seven years old, my family ___16___ an ant farm at home. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box, and then we brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into the ___17___ home.
Shortly after the new ___18___ were dropped into the glass structure, they got to work making tunnels. I was amazed that each one knew ___19___what to do. After hours of staring, I realized that the ants had assigned jobs. With my mom ' s help, I kept a diary of what happened each day and ___20___ the ants. My favorite was the biggest , Cinderella. I drew a picture of her in my diary, which I still have .
One day a tragedy ___21___ the ant farm.While I was observing the ants , I had put my face so close to the structure that I accidentally ___22___ it over. Unfortunately, my carelessness caused all the tunnels to ___23___. Although the ants ___24___ their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was ___25___ as I watched them give up their tunnel-building to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm. My mother reported that the ants were actually dying of "frustration"--- the feeling annoyed and disappointed as they couldn’t control the situation . They simply could not ___26___ the reality that their tunnels had been destroyed. Cinderella was the last to die ---she did so while carrying a dead ant on her back .
Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, ___27___ it taught me much more.___28___ the years, I came to realize the ants were a study in the benefits of ___29___. Working together, they were able to create a(an) ___30___ world for themselves. I also learned that they should be___31___ for their hard work. Day in and day out, each labored at their task. The ant farm showed that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key ___32___ for success. But there was an even larger lesson that I did not ___33___until recently: Disaster is a natural part of life, and must be ___34___. Unlike the ants, humans cannot give up when they face ___35___. Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel caves in , we just have to build another.
16. A. created B. bought C. ran D. laid
17. A. empty B. new C. strange D. distant
18. A. guests B. settlers C. friends D. members
19. A. probably B. roughly C. exactly D. normally
20. A. named B. trained C. compared D. measured
21. A. affected B. struck C. kicked D. beat
22. A. split B. took C. tipped D. handed
23. A. rush out B. break in C. drop out D. cave in
24. A. experienced B. predicted C. faced D. survived
25. A. annoyed B. astonished C. moved D. thrilled
26. A. reflect B. ignore C. confirm D. stand
27. A. and B. but C. so D. or
28. A. In B. For C. From D. Over
29. A. teamwork B. devotion C. responsibility D. organization
30. A. relaxing B. amusing C. moving D. amazing
31. A. supported B. inspired C. admired D. admitted
32. A. conclusions B. solutions C. recipes D. circumstances
33. A. give B. realize C. take D. adopt
34. A. accepted B. suffered C. escaped D. managed
35. A. challenges B. barriers C. pressure D. disappointment
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过蚂蚁农场，感悟到了生活的哲理：生活中要注重团队合作和坚持不懈，当然面对灾难，面对失望时，我们也要意识到：一条通道坍塌了，我们可以建造另外一条。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我七岁时，我们家在家里建立个蚂蚁农场。A. created创造；B. bought购买；C. ran奔跑；D. laid放置。根据下文，我们是在自家DIY了一个蚂蚁农场，create创建，创造，符合题意。故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们先在一个玻璃盒子里铺了些干净的沙子，然后从后院弄来一些蚂蚁，把它们安置在新家里。A. empty空的； B. new新的；C. strange奇怪的；D. distant疏远的。蚂蚁们原本在后院，我们把它们移到我们给他们造的盒子里，这是他们的新家。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些的定居者被放到玻璃房子里之后不久，它们就开始建隧道。A. guests 客人；B. settlers移民，定居者；C. friends朋友；D. members成员。蚂蚁是从后院搬到这个玻璃房子的，它们是这个玻璃房子的新的定居者。settler意为定居者，符合题意。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶：每只蚂蚁都准确地知道自己该做什么。A. probably大概，也许；B. roughly粗略地； C. exactly精确地，准确地；D. normally正常地。蚂蚁搭建隧道有条不紊，每只蚂蚁都精确而准确地知道各自的任务。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在妈妈的帮助下，我将每天发生的事写在日记上，并且给这些蚂蚁取名字。A. named命名；B. trained培训；C. compared比较；D. measured测量。根据下文，我最喜欢的蚂蚁叫Cinderella,可知作者是在给蚂蚁们取名字。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，悲剧发生了。A. affected影响；B. struck（疾病，灾难等的）侵袭，爆发；C. kicked踢；D. beat击败。一天，一场悲剧发生了，strike意为（疾病，灾难等的）侵袭，爆发，符合题意。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在观察蚂蚁的时候，我的脸靠得太近，无意中把这个玻璃房子弄歪掉了。A. split分裂；B. took拿走；C. tipped倾覆，倾倒；D. handed上交。因为靠得近，不小心将这个房子（其实是个装蚂蚁的玻璃盒子）弄倾斜了。tip意为：（使）倾倒，倾覆，符合题意。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，我的粗心使得所有的隧道都塌了。A. rush out冲出去；B. break in打断，闯入；C. drop out 退学；D. cave in塌落。玻璃房子倾斜了，里面沙子制成的隧道也就相应地塌了。cave in意为：塌落，符合题意。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然蚂蚁们从地震中幸存下来了，但是他们一个接一个地开始死去。A. experienced体验；B. predicted预测；C. faced 褪色；D. survived幸存。房子倾斜，隧道塌落，对住在里面的蚂蚁而言，相当于一次地震，他们在地震中活下来了。survive意为：幸存，幸免于难，符合题意。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看着他们停住建造隧道，而将死去的蚂蚁的尸体移到农场的一个角落时，我感到很震惊。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. astonished震惊的；C. moved 感动的；D. thrilled非常兴奋的。看到他们将死去的蚂蚁搬到蚂蚁农场的一角，我感到很惊讶，惊讶于他们停住隧道的建造，惊讶于他们的相继死亡。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是不能接受这样的事实：他们的隧道被摧毁了。 A. reflect反映；B. ignore忽视；C. confirm证实；D. stand忍受。蚂蚁相继死亡，因为无法忍受隧道被摧毁的事实。stand意为：容忍，忍受（强调不喜欢），符合题意。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：妈妈希望这个蚂蚁农场能教会一些关于自然界的事，但它教会我更多的东西。 A. and表并列、递进；B. but表转折；C. so表结果；D. or表选择。妈妈的希望跟事实上蚂蚁农场教会我的有出入，之间是转折关系。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：这些年，我逐渐意识到蚂蚁是研究团队合作好处的一个课题。A. In在……里；B. For 为了；C. From从……中；D. Over在……期间。过了这么多年，是指跨越这么多年这样一个时间区间，即在……期间。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些年，我逐渐意识到蚂蚁是研究团队合作好处的一个课题。A. teamwork团队合作；B. devotion专心；C. responsibility责任；D. organization组织。根据上下文，蚂蚁搭建隧道是团队合作，后一句话也提到，一起努力工作，他们能创造一个奇妙的世界，所以说蚂蚁是研究团队合作好处的一个课题。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一起努力工作，他们能给自己创造一个奇妙的世界。A. relaxing放松的；B. amusing好笑的；C. moving移动的；D. amazing奇妙的。小小的蚂蚁，其实团结起来，有大大的能量。他们一起搭造的隧道就是一个例子，这是一个奇妙的属于蚂蚁的世界。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也学到，我们应该佩服他们的勤劳。 A. supported支持；B. inspired激励；C. admired佩服；D. admitted承认。我从蚂蚁身上学到了许多，勤劳也是其中之一，这也是他们应该被我们所佩服的地方。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。 句意：蚂蚁农场表明：团队合作和坚持不懈的确是成功的两个关键的秘诀。A. conclusions 结论；B. solutions 解决办法；C. recipes食谱，秘诀；D. circumstances情况。团队合作加上坚持不懈可以给我们带来成功，所以这两者是成功的秘诀。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。 句意：但是我最近才领会到一个更大的教义：灾难是生活的必然部分，应该要接受。A. give给；B. realize意识到；C. take拿走；D. adopt采纳。我直到最近才意识到一个更大的人生哲理，realize意为：意识到，符合题意。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我最近才领会到一个更大的教义：灾难是生活的必然部分，应该要接受。A. accepted接受； B. suffered受苦；C. escaped逃离；D. managed设法做到。灾难是人生的必然部分，不可避免，不能逃离，只能接受。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：跟蚂蚁不一样，当面临沮丧时，我们人类不能放弃。 A. challenges挑战；B. barriers障碍物；C. pressure压力；D. disappointment沮丧。根据上文，蚂蚁们的隧道坍塌，蚂蚁接受不了，死于沮丧。我们跟蚂蚁不一样，当面临沮丧时，我们不能放弃。这里disappointment与上文的frustration是近义词。故选D项。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第五题，根据下文，我最喜欢的蚂蚁叫Cinderella,可知作者是在给蚂蚁们取名字。故选A项named。还有第8题，根据本文最后一句话“Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel caves in , we just have to build another.”可知，跟蚂蚁不一样，我们要意识到如果一条隧道塌了，我们只要再建一条。故该题选D项cave in。
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Driven by high salaries and strong job prospects, a lot of students enter college thinking they will major in engineering. If you think engineering might be a good choice for you, a summer engineering program is a great way to learn more about the field and expand your experiences. Below are some excellent summer engineering programs.
Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation
This introductory engineering course for rising juniors and seniors is offered by Johns Hopkins University at several locations across the country. If the student achieves an A or B in the program, they will also receive three transferable credits from Johns Hopkins University. The program runs for four or five days a week over four to five weeks, depending on the location.
Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology offers this enrichment program for high school juniors interested in engineering, science and entrepreneurship. Students select five of 14 strict academic courses to study over the six weeks of the program, during which time they have several opportunities to network with a diverse group of individuals within the fields of science and engineering. Students also share and celebrate their own cultures.
Summer Engineering Exploration Camp
Hosted by the University of Michigan, this program is a one-week residential camp for rising high school sophomores, juniors and seniors interested in engineering. Participants have the opportunity to explore several different areas of engineering during engineering workplace tours, group projects, and presentations by students, faculty and professional engineers. Campers also enjoy recreational events and experience a university residential atmosphere in the University of Michigan dorms.
Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois
This residential summer engineering camp for rising high school juniors and seniors is offered by the Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering program, headquartered at the University of Illinois. Campers have the chance to interact with engineering students and faculty, visit engineering facilities and research labs at the university, and work together on hands-on engineering projects. Students also participate in traditional camp recreational and social activities. The camp runs for two one-week sessions during June and July.
36. Which of the following programs lasts longest?
A. Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation
B. Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science
C. Summer Engineering Exploration Camp
D. Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois
37. This passage may be intended for ________.
A. engineering majors B. professional engineers
C. high school students D. scientifically gifted children
【答案】36. B 37. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文向进入大学想主修工程学的高中学生介绍了一些大学在暑期开设的关于工程学的课程和活动。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation中的“four to five weeks”和Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)中的 “the six weeks of the program”和Summer Engineering Exploration Camp中的“one-week”以及 Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois中的“two one-week ”可知，通过对比，可以看出Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science持续的时间最长。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。由Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation中的“rising juniors and seniors”由Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)中的“high school juniors ”和Summer Engineering Exploration Camp中的“for rising high school juniors and seniors”以及 Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois中的“ rising high school juniors and seniors”可知，这些课程和活动主要针对的对象是高中学生。故判断出这段短文是专门写给高中学生的。故选C。
B
The latest discovery in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect
According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey (猎物) using both their ears and an inborn understanding of how the physical world works.
In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled; others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.
It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.
“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.
Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking”—looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive (认知) as normal.
When babies’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to obey the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.
Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe, Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America’s most important research universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.
38. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?
A. They can be trained to understand the physical world.
B. They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.
C. They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.
D. They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.
39. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containers?
A. Their command of cause and effect. B. Their unusual sense of direction.
C. Their special ability to perceive. D. Their inborn sensitivity to noise.
40. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?
A. They have higher intelligence than the majority of animals.
B. They display outstanding abilities in hunting and hearing.
C. They can aid physics professors in their research work.
D. They interact with the physical world much like humans.
【答案】38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，介绍了对猫的最新研究成果，它们似乎对物理定律和因果关系的来龙去脉有基本的把握。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey (猎物) using both their ears and an inborn understanding of how the physical world works.可知，根据一项新发表的研究，猫似乎能够通过自己的耳朵以及一种天生的对于外界如何运转的理解力来预测出隐藏的猎物的位置。inborn和选项B中的natural意思相同，location是选项B中的locate的名词，故选B。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,可知，猫利用对于噪音或声音的一种因果逻辑理解来预测看不见的物体的出现。casual-logical和选项A中的cause and effect意思相同，故选A。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.可知，猫通过展示它们的常识，证明了它们和人类之间的区别也许并没有那么大。文章主要内容是在讨论猫和人类在对物理学的规律以及起因和结果的来龙去迈的理解上区别也许没有那么大。结合文章内容，故选D。
C
The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to be in the red. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for 2016 alone, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has the debts of more than $120 billion, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.
Interest groups ranging from postal unions to postcard makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s final supervisor—Congress (参议院), insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the present legal situation they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation (立法) have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by postponing vital modernization.
Now comes word that everyone involved—Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the systems heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the White House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely reduce the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.
If it clears the White House, this measure will still have to get through the Senate—where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to make the Postal Service stay afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major mistake considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of getting rid of Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the White House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 2lst century.
41. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by ________.
A. its rigid management. B. its unbalanced budget.
C. the cost for technical innovation D. the suspension of bank support.
42. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. protecting every interest group benefits the USPS
B. the USPS will invest more money in retiree health care
C. the White House has already approved the reform
D. the author seems to be discontent with legislators
43. What does the underlined words “stay afloat” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Boom. B. Survive.
C. Decline. D. Expand.
44. Which of the following is probably the best title for the text?
A. The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days
B. The USPS Starts to cooperate with Legislators
C. The USPS Needs Comprehensive Aid and Reform
D. The USPS Is Bound to Get out of the Dilemma
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文讲述美国邮政总局连年赤字，却由于受到利益集团的抵制而无力改革的现象。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality,可知，管理结构方面没能够灵活地将自己的生产模式试用到现实生活中，表明财政问题的部分原因在于“僵化的管理”。故A选项正确。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the White House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 2lst century.可知，围绕该法案出现的共识表明，立法议员们对USPS可能在进期出现破产担惊受怕。然而，这无法表明他们正在认真对待二十一世纪邮政系统的变革。由此可知，作者对于立法议员持否定态度，故D选项正确。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中If it clears the White House, this measure will still have to get through the Senate和后面的not comprehensive reform可知，改革措施如果获得众议院通过，它还需要经过参议院的审查，有的参议员会提出不必进行全面的改革。结合邮政总局目前的处境，可推断出有的参议员认为只需要做出最低限度的变革“the bare minimum necessary”，就可以使其维持运营，survive意为“生存”。故选B。
【44题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.可知，美国邮政总局连年赤字，它已经站在了历史的十字路口，它必须做一个彻底的变革，以适应新的现实。从文章的写作结构可以看出，文章是谈一个问题以及它的解决办法的。故选C。
D
In 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I took what I could get—a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen—teaching English.
School started, but I felt more and more as if I were in a foreign country. Was this rural area really New Jersey? My students took a week off when hunting season began. I was told they were also frequently absent in late October to help their fathers make hay on the farms. I was a young woman from New York City, who thought that “Make hay while the sun shines” just meant to have a good time.
But, still, I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class—seventeen boys and five girls who were only six years younger than me. I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love of the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text obviously ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seems reasonable. By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster, known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.
My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes.
I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying but at my next free period I had to face him. I wondered if he would let me finish out the day. I walked to his office, took a deep breath, and opened the door.
He was sitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was that I was not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.
When he spoke, he said simply, without accusation, “You had nothing to say to them.”
“You had nothing to say to them.” he repeated, “No wonder they are bored. Why not get to the meat of literature and stop talking about symbolism. Talk with them, not at them. And more important, why do you ignore their bad behavior?” We talked. He named my problems and offered solutions. We role-played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet, warm, teacher.
As the year progressed, we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human beings and their motivations. He helped me identify my weaknesses and strengths. In short, he made a teacher of me by teaching me the reality of Emerson’s words: “The secret to education lies in respecting the pupil!”
Fifteen years later I still drive that same winding road to the same school. Thanks to the help I received that difficult first year, the school is my home now.
45. It can be inferred from the story that in 1974 ________.
A. the writer became an optimistic person
B. it was rather difficult to get a job in the USA
C. the writer was very happy about her new job
D. it was easy to get a teaching job in New Jersey
46. According to the passage, which of the following is most probably the writer’s problem as a new teacher?
A. She didn’t ask experienced teachers for advice.
B. She took too much time off to eat and sleep.
C. She had blind trust in what she learnt at college.
D. She didn’t like teaching English literature.
47. What is the writer’s biggest worry after her taskmaster’s observation of her class?
A. She might lose her teaching job
B. She might lose her students’ respect.
C. She couldn’t teach the same class any more.
D. She couldn’t ignore her students’ bad behavior any more.
48. Which of the following gives the writer a sense of mild victory?
A. Her talk about symbolism sounded convincing.
B. She managed to finish the class without crying.
C Her students behaved a little better than usual.
D. She was invited for a talk by her boss after class.
49. The students behaved badly in the writer’s classes because ________.
A. she didn’t really understand them
B. they were keen to embarrass her
C. they didn’t regard her as a good teacher
D. she didn’t have the fluency of English
50. Which of the following is probably the best title for this passage?
A. My successful and smooth teaching career
B. The fierce competition in the job market
C. Useful suggestions on how to be an excellent English teacher
D. The challenging but unforgettable start of my teaching career
【答案】45. B 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我去一所学校教学的经历，没想到会遇到学生课堂秩序不好的问题，在老板的帮助下，我逐渐成长进步，并爱上教师这一职业。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“after filling out fifty applications going through four interviews and winning one offer，I took what I could get—a teaching job”在填写了50份申请表，通过了4次面试，并赢得了一份工作机会，可以推断出当时找工作很难，故选B。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior.”可知，我盲目轻信了大学里所学的教育教学理论，没有将理论和实际结合起来，导致了课堂秩序的混乱，故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段After twenty minutes he left silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes可知她担心会失去工作，unemployment对应选项A中的lose her teaching job，故选A。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying”，可知，剩下的时间，我在孩子们不哭的情况下上完了这节课，因而感到了一些成功，故选B。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第九段中“You had nothing to say to them…why do you ignore their bad behavior? We role-played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet, warm, teacher.”，可知我并没有真正的了解学生，只是盲目地使用学过的教育教学方法，老板发现情况后帮我解决问题，故选A。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。文章讲述了我在刚开始从事教师工作时，在教学中遇到的困难，因为不了解学生，盲目的使用学过的教育教学方法，没能将理论和实践相结合，但在老板的帮助下，我不断地成长进步，并非常喜欢教师这个职业。选项D中challenging一词和unforgettable恰当地描述了初次走上教学岗位的我对教学的感受，故选D。
【点睛】主旨大意题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，不少文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。另外在许多文段中，没有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
本文需要考生通读全文后进行归纳概括，把握文章的中心思想。即我在刚开始从事教师工作时，在教学中遇到的困难，后来我不断地成长进步，并非常喜欢教师这个职业。抓住选项D中的关键词challenging和unforgettable，它们恰当地描述了初次走上教学岗位的我对教学的感受，可以作为标题，故选D。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共两部分，满分35分）
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Generally speaking, perfectionism is a good thing, if it makes you do better work and try harder to complete tasks well. However, perfectionism can become a bad thing when it stops you feeling satisfied with yourself or what you’ve accomplished. Every artist knows how important it is to stop adding touches to their paintings and how constantly adding elements can end up ruining the work. If you constantly demand only the very best from yourself, this can damage your self-respect as you find nothing you do will live up to your expectations. And if you extend this harsh (无情的) judgment to your friends and family and only focus on the negatives around them, you will find that they begin to dislike and avoid you.
So how do you get rid of these kinds of negative perfectionism? The following suggestions might help you a lot.
First of all, you’d better think twice about your standards. Look at what other people do. How long does it take them to carry out a project? Are their lower standards getting them fired? Do they still accomplish good work? Are your exacting (苛求的) standards worth the cost in terms of time and energy? I am sure that you can learn a lot from your answers.
Secondly, don’t always compare yourself with others. Perfectionists tend to have high standards. For example, an artist who thinks his work is never done might be comparing his paintings to those of Vincent van Gogh, Leonardo da Vinci or other great artists. Remember that only a few people can become great masters and that most of us are just common people.
Last but not least, try to look at the situation objectively. If you are constantly adjusting things and never feel satisfied, then the chances are that you are too close to the situation and that you can’t judge it rightly any more. You’d better ask those around you what they think and whether they think your work is good enough. Besides, give your project some breathing space by leaving it alone for some time, so you can come back to it with “fresh eyes”.
Nobody, nor any idea, is perfect. If you have a perfectionist streak in you, try and let it go, and embrace the process of getting your idea out into the world, rather than focusing on the end result.
Perfectionism is holding you back
____51____ perfectionism can cause
It can make one ____52____ with himself or his achievements.
It can get one’s self-respect damaged.
It can make one lose____53____ among his friends and family members.
Ways of ___54___ perfectionism
___55___ your standards
You need to find out what other people’s standards are.
Avoid making unwise ____56____
It is not sensible for you to ____57____ yourself to become a great master.
Get a(n) ____58____ view
Ask others for their ____59____ about your work.
Step back for a while and then return to your work with “fresh eyes”
Conclusion
Perfection doesn’t actually ______60______. Striving to do your best is good enough and will eventually lead you down a brilliant path.
【答案】51. Harm
52. unsatisfied/dissatisfied
53. popularity
54. removing/handling
55. Reconsider/Rethink
56. comparison
57. expect 58. objective
59. opinions/ideas/views/viewpoints
60. exist
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。完美主义有着积极的一面，也有消极的一面。正常的完美主义能带给人们追求目标的动力，同时给他们带来乐趣。而病态的完美主义会使人对自己感到不满意。那么，如何摆脱负面的完美主义呢？就此问题，文中提出了三个建议。 首先，您最好对标准进行三思；其次，不要总是将自己与他人进行比较；最后，尝试客观地看待情况。
【51题详解】
考查句意转换。根据文章第一段的However, perfectionism can become.可知，完美主义也会带来危害，故此处可用harm替换文中的a bad thing，故填Harm。
【52题详解】
考查句意转换。根据文章第一段的it stops you feeling satisfied with yourself or what you’ve accomplished可知，当完美主义停止让您对自己或完成的工作感到满意时，它就会变成一件坏事，故此处用satisfied的反义词作宾语补足语符合语义，故填unsatisfied/dissatisfied。
【53题详解】
考查句意转换。根据文章第一段的And if you extend this harsh (无情的) judgment to your friends and family and only focus on the negatives around them, you will find that they begin to dislike and avoid you.可知，如果您将这种无情的判断带给您的朋友和家人，而只关注周围的负面因素，你会发现他们开始讨厌并回避您。故此处可在lose后使用popularity，意为“大家不再欢迎你”，符合语义，故填popularity。
【54题详解】
考查同义替换。根据文章第二段的So how do you get rid of these kinds of negative perfectionism?可知，此处需填入get rid of 的同义词，表示“消除”，可以使用remove或handle，故填removing或handling。
【55题详解】
考查同义替换。根据文章第三段的First of all, you’d better think twice about your standards.可知，首先您最好对标准进行三思，因此可使用reconsider或rethink代替think twice，符合语义，在句首单词应大写首字母，故填Reconsider或Rethink。
【56题详解】
考查词性转换。根据文章第四段的Secondly, don’t always compare yourself with others.可知，其次不要总是将自己与他人进行比较，因此可使用compare的名词作make的宾语，符合语义，故填comparison。
【57题详解】
考查原文细节。根据文章第四段的Perfectionists tend to have high standards. 和Remember that only a few people can become great masters and that most of us are just common people.可知，完美主义者倾向于高标准，但是只有少数人可以成为大师，而我们大多数人都是普通人。由此可推断，期望自己成为一个伟大的大师是不明智的。expect“期望”，故填expect。
【58题详解】
考查词性转换。根据文章第五段的Last but not least, try to look at the situation objectively.可知，最后但很重要的一点是，尝试客观地看待这种情况。objective是形容词修饰view作定语，故填objective。
【59题详解】
考查同义替换。根据文章第五段的You’d better ask those around you what they think.可知，你最好问问周围人的想法，表示“想法”，故填opinions/ideas/views/viewpoints。
【60题详解】
考查原文细节。根据文章最后一段的Nobody, nor any idea, is perfect.可知，没有人也没有任何想法是完美的。此处需要填入动词，表示“存在”，故填exist。
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
61.请认真阅读下面文字，并按要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Online English-language courses for children saw an explosive growth in 2018, according to a report released by data-monitoring firm Trustdata on Tuesday.
The report on China’s online English education market for children shows that the market had more than 15 million users in 2018, up 168.3 percent year-on-year. And the market size was 21.3 billion yuan, an increase of 104 percent year-on-year, with one-on-one teaching taking up more than half of the market size. It’s expected that the market size will exceed 50 billion yuan ($7.3billion) in 2019.
The market pattern of one-on-one teaching has been gradually formed and the top brands have secured the lion’s share of the market, according to the report.
Insiders say as Chinese parents increase their spending on education, online education gets more recognition and China’s internationalization progresses, the number of online course users will keep growing.
写作内容
1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2. 你如何看待儿童在线英语教育？用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
写作要求
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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【答案】With Chinese parents spending more on their children’s education, online English-language courses for children have been enjoying increasing popularity these years. And one-on-one teaching makes up over half of the market size.
From my point of view, online English education is a wise option, and children will benefit a lot from it. First of all, it’s very easy and convenient for children to have course online. They can have classes without leaving home so their parents needn’t worry about their safety. Meanwhile, much time will be saved for children and their parents which otherwise would have been spent on the journey. Secondly, the price of the courses is affordable for many parents. Compared with an offline one-on-one private English lesson from a training institution, these online courses are cheap and cost-effective. Last but not least, such courses provide children with opportunities to practice speaking English. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. Only by speaking English on a daily basis can children really improve their English.
All in all, online English education goes a long way towards developing children’s English skill.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇读写任务。本文主要讲述了随着中国父母在子女的教育上花费更多，这些年来，面向儿童的在线英语课程越来越受欢迎，一对一教学占了市场规模的一半以上。
【详解】该读写任务要求考生先写一篇对于文章的总结，然后表达对儿童在线英语教育的看法。首先，我们可以从两个方面对文章进行概括：在线英语教育课程受人欢迎的原因；一对一教学占有的市场份额情况。其次，从三个方面发表自己的观点：在线上课非常容易和方便；许多家长负担得起课程费用；课程为孩子提供了练习英语口语的机会。写作时注意词数，30词左右概括文章，120词左右表达观点。
【点睛】范文要点齐全，字数适当，表达清楚，符合逻辑。文章中使用了主从复合句： Meanwhile, much time will be saved for children and their parents which otherwise would have been spent on the journey.句中which引导定语从句。使用过去分词短语作状语： Compared with an offline one-on-one private English lesson from a training institution, these online courses are cheap and cost-effective.使用倒装句： Only by speaking English on a daily basis can children really improve their English.
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