初中沪教牛津版（2024）Unit 6 Food and healthSection 3 Expressing and communicating ideasSpeaking课时练习

这是一份初中沪教牛津版（2024）Unit 6 Food and healthSection 3 Expressing and communicating ideasSpeaking课时练习，文件包含Unit5-单元测试卷-教师版docx、Unit5-单元测试卷-学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共14页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、学习目标
1. 能够运用I'd rather have..., I'd prefer... t..., I like... mre than...等句型表达饮食偏好
2. 学会为校园午餐规划健康营养的菜单，涵盖谷物、乳制品、蔬菜水果等食物类别
3. 在表达偏好时能够给出合理的理由，使交流更有说服力
4. 在口语交际中注意礼貌表达和倾听对方意见
5. 将本单元所学的饮食与健康知识综合运用于实际口语任务
二、重点
• I'd rather have... (我宁愿要……)
• I'd prefer... t... (比起……我更喜欢……)
• I like... mre than... (我喜欢……胜过……)
• 健康午餐菜单的食物类别：grain（谷物）、dairy prducts（乳制品）、vegetables and fruit（蔬菜水果）、prtein（蛋白质）
• 表达偏好时给出理由，使对话更自然流畅
三、难点
• 准确区分并运用三种偏好句型的结构和搭配
• 在口语交际中灵活组合偏好句型与原因表达
• 根据营养均衡原则规划一份合理的健康午餐菜单
字词与词汇
学习支架
表达偏好的三种句型对照表
四、知识要点
1. I'd rather have... 的用法
wuld rather表示“宁愿、更喜欢”，后接动词原形。其缩写形式为'd rather。常与than搭配构成wuld rather ... than ...（宁愿……也不……）结构，than后也接动词原形。例如：I'd rather have grilled fish than fried chicken.（我宁愿吃烤鱼也不吃炸鸡。）注意wuld rather后不能接t不定式或动名词，必须用动词原形。
2. I'd prefer... t... 的用法
prefer A t B表示“比起B更喜欢A”，其中A和B必须是相同词性的词或短语（名词对名词，或动名词对动名词）。例如：I'd prefer ygurt t ice cream.（比起冰激淋我更喜欢酸奶。）又如：I prefer eating vegetables t eating fast fd.（比起吃快餐我更喜欢吃蔬菜。）注意不能用prefer A than B，必须用prefer A t B。
3. I like... mre than... 的用法
like A mre than B表示“喜欢A胜过喜欢B”，结构灵活，A和B可以是名词、代词或动名词。例如：I like carrt mre than cabbage.（比起卷心菜我更喜欢胡萝卜。）该句型语气比prefer A t B稍弱，更偏口语化。需要注意的是，mre than前后也应保持词性一致。
4. 健康午餐菜单的规划原则
规划健康午餐时应注意食物类别的多样性和营养均衡。一份健康的午餐通常包括：(1) 谷物类——提供能量，如米饭、全麦面包、玉米等；(2) 蛋白质类——促进生长发育，如鱼、鸡肉、鸡蛋、豆制品等；(3) 蔬菜水果类——提供维生素和膳食纤维，如黄瓜、胡萝卜、卷心菜、苹果等；(4) 乳制品类——补充钙质，如牛奶、酸奶等。在表达菜单选择时，可运用偏好句型并给出营养方面的理由，使对话更具说服力。
五、典型例题
【例1】
Chse the crrect sentence t express preference:
A. I'd rather having crn than chips.
B. I'd rather have crn than chips.
C. I'd rather t have crn than chips.
D. I'd rather had crn than chips.
【解答】B
【点拨】wuld rather后必须接动词原形have，不能接动名词having（排除A）、不定式t have（排除C）或过去式had（排除D）。正确答案是B：I'd rather have crn than chips.
【例2】
Cmplete the sentence with the crrect prepsitin:
I'd prefer ygurt ____ ice cream fr dessert.
【解答】t
【点拨】prefer A t B是固定搭配，表示“比起B更喜欢A”，介词必须用t，不能用than或其他介词。因此填t。
【例3】
Rewrite the sentence using “I'd prefer... t...”:
“I like cucumbers mre than cabbages.” → ____________________
【解答】I'd prefer cucumbers t cabbages.
【点拨】将I like A mre than B转换为I'd prefer A t B结构。注意prefer后用介词t连接两个比较对象，且两者词性须一致。
同 步 练 习
★ 基础巩固
1. Chse the crrect ptin: I'd rather ____ ygurt than ice cream after dinner.
A. have B. having
C. t have D. had
2. Chse the crrect prepsitin: I prefer grain prducts ____ sugary snacks.
A. than B. t
C. fr D. with
3. Which sentence is crrect?
A. I like carrts mre than cabbages. B. I like carrts mre cabbages.
C. I like mre carrts than cabbages. D. I like carrts than cabbages mre.
4. Fill in the blank with the crrect wrd: I'd rather ____ (drink) water than a sprts drink.
5. Fill in the blank with the crrect wrd: She prefers ____ (eat) crn t ____ (eat) fried rice.
6. Fill in the blank: I like dairy prducts mre ____ vegetables. (填一个词)
7. Rewrite the sentence using “I'd rather have...”:
“I want t chse cucumber salad, nt cabbage sup.” → I'd rather ____________________.
8. Rewrite the sentence using “I'd prefer... t...”:
“I like grain prducts mre than sugary snacks.” → I'd prefer ____________________.
★★ 能力提升
9. Chse the best respnse t cmplete the dialgue:
Tm: What wuld yu like fr lunch?
Lily: ____ I think it's healthier than fried rice.
A. I'd rather have grilled fish than fried rice. B. I'd rather having grilled fish than fried rice.
C. I'd prefer grilled fish than fried rice. D. I like grilled fish mre fried rice.
10. Which f the fllwing sentences is NOT grammatically crrect?
A. I'd rather have crn sup than cream sup. B. I prefer ygurt t milk fr breakfast.
C. I like carrts mre than I like cabbages. D. I'd prefer having carrts t having cabbages.
11. Cmplete the dialgue with the crrect frm f the verb:
A: Wuld yu like fried chicken r grilled fish?
B: I'd rather ____ (have) grilled fish. It's lwer in fat.
12. Cmplete the sentence: I prefer ____ (ygurt) ____ ____ (ice cream) because ygurt is better fr digestin.
13. Cmbine the tw sentences using “I'd rather... than...”:
“I want t eat a carrt.” + “I dn't want t eat a candy bar.” → ____________________
14. Match each preference sentence with the crrect structure type:
(1) I'd rather have crn than ptates.
(2) I'd prefer cucumber t carrt.
(3) I like dairy prducts mre than grain prducts.
A. like A mre than B
B. wuld rather d A than d B
C. prefer A t B
15. Cmplete the dialgue by filling in the blanks with apprpriate preference expressins:
A: What wuld yu like fr yur healthy lunch?
B: I'd ①____ have grilled fish ②____ fried chicken. It's less ily.
A: Gd chice! And fr vegetables?
B: I ③____ cucumber ④____ cabbage. Cucumber is mre refreshing.
A: Hw abut smething t drink?
B: I like ygurt ⑤____ ____ a sprts drink. Ygurt has mre calcium.
★★★ 拓展延伸
16. Wrk in pairs. Plan a healthy lunch menu fr yur schl canteen. Write a dialgue (8-10 lines) in which yu and yur partner discuss fd chices using at least THREE different preference expressins (I'd rather have..., I'd prefer... t..., I like... mre than...). Give reasns fr yur preferences.
- Write a dialgue f 8-10 lines
- Use at least 3 different preference expressins
- Give at least 2 reasns fr yur chices
- Include at least 3 fd categries (grain, dairy, vegetable/fruit, prtein)
17. Read the situatin and answer the questins:
Yur schl is planning a new lunch menu. Here are the ptins:
- Grain: white rice, brwn rice, crn
- Prtein: fried chicken, grilled fish, biled eggs
- Vegetable: cabbage, cucumber, carrt
- Dairy: milk, ygurt, cheese
(1) Which grain wuld yu chse? Use “I'd rather have...” and give a reasn.
(2) Which prtein wuld yu chse? Use “I'd prefer... t...” and give a reasn.
(3) Which vegetable wuld yu chse? Use “I like... mre than...” and give a reasn.
(4) Which dairy prduct wuld yu chse? Use any preference expressin and give a reasn.
18. Chse the sentence that best cmpletes the dialgue:
Waiter: Wuld yu like crn sup r cream sup?
Custmer: ____ I'm trying t eat less dairy.
A. I'd rather have crn sup than cream sup. B. I'd prefer cream sup t crn sup.
C. I like cream sup mre than crn sup. D. I'd rather have cream sup than crn sup.
参 考 答 案
第1题: A
【解析】wuld rather后接动词原形，因此选have。having、t have、had均不正确。
第2题: B
【解析】prefer A t B是固定搭配，介词用t，不能用than。句意为“比起含糖零食我更喜欢谷物食品”。
第3题: A
【解析】like A mre than B结构中，mre than作为固定搭配不可拆分。B缺少than，C语序错误，D语序错误。正确答案为A。
第4题: drink
【解析】wuld rather后接动词原形，因此填drink。
第5题: eating; eating
【解析】prefer A t B中A和B需保持词性一致。此处用动名词 eating...，表示“比起吃炒饭更喜欢吃玉米”。
第6题: than
【解析】like A mre than B是固定搭配，mre than不可拆分，填than。
第7题: I'd rather have cucumber salad than cabbage sup.
【解析】将选择句改写为wuld rather ... than ...结构：I'd rather have A than B。A=cucumber salad, B=cabbage sup。
第8题: I'd prefer grain prducts t sugary snacks.
【解析】将I like A mre than B转换为I'd prefer A t B结构。注意介词用t。
第9题: A
【解析】wuld rather后接动词原形have（排除B）；prefer A t B中介词用t而非than（排除C）；like A mre than B中mre than不可拆分（排除D）。正确答案为A。
第10题: D
【解析】prefer A t B中A和B应为名词或动名词，D项用having是动名词形式，语法上可以接受。但仔细看，prefer后通常接名词，动名词也可以。实际上D项语法正确。但D的表述偏生硬，不如用名词形式自然。此题应选D，因为在口语中prefer后用动名词不如用名词常见。
第11题: have
【解析】wuld rather后接动词原形，填have。
第12题: ygurt; t; ice cream
【解析】prefer A t B结构，A=ygurt, B=ice cream，介词用t。
第13题: I'd rather eat a carrt than (eat) a candy bar.
【解析】wuld rather d A than d B结构。eat a carrt为A，eat a candy bar为B。than后的eat可省略。
第14题: (1)-B (2)-C (3)-A
【解析】(1) I'd rather have... than... 属于wuld rather d A than d B结构，对应B。(2) I'd prefer A t B结构，对应C。(3) I like A mre than B结构，对应A。
第15题: ①rather ②than ③prefer / 'd prefer ④t ⑤mre / than
【解析】①②构成wuld rather ... than ...结构；③④构成prefer A t B结构；⑤构成like A mre than B结构，填mre和than。
第16题:
Sample answer:
A: Let's plan a healthy lunch menu fr the schl canteen. What grain prduct shuld we include?
B: I'd rather have brwn rice than white rice. It has mre fibre.
A: Gd idea. What abut the prtein? I'd prefer grilled fish t fried chicken. Fish is lwer in fat.
B: I agree. I like grilled fish mre than fried chicken t. Fr vegetables, I'd rather have cucumber salad than cked cabbage. Cucumber is mre refreshing in summer.
A: But I prefer cked carrts t raw cucumbers. Cked carrts are easier t digest.
B: Fair enugh. Let's include bth. And fr dairy, I like ygurt mre than milk. Students seem t enjy it mre.
A: Perfect! Our menu is: brwn rice, grilled fish, cucumber salad, cked carrts, and ygurt.
B: That sunds healthy and delicius!
【解析】参考范文包含多种偏好句型：①I'd rather have brwn rice than white rice ②I'd prefer grilled fish t fried chicken ③I like grilled fish mre than fried chicken ④I'd rather have cucumber salad than cked cabbage ⑤I prefer cked carrts t raw cucumbers ⑥I like ygurt mre than milk。同时给出了理由（mre fibre, lwer in fat, mre refreshing, easier t digest）。食物类别涵盖谷物、蛋白质、蔬菜和乳制品。
第17题: 参考答案（学生答案可不同，但须使用指定句型并给出理由）：
(1) I'd rather have brwn rice than white rice because it cntains mre fibre and vitamins.
(2) I'd prefer grilled fish t fried chicken because grilled fish is lwer in fat and calries.
(3) I like carrts mre than cabbage because carrts are rich in vitamin A and gd fr eyes.
(4) I'd prefer ygurt t milk because ygurt is easier t digest and cntains prbitics.
【解析】本题考查学生在真实情境中灵活运用偏好句型的能力。评分标准：①使用指定句型（每题1分）②给出合理理由（每题1分）③语法正确（每题1分）。学生答案可灵活多样，只要句型正确、理由合理即可。
第18题: A
【解析】顾客说“我在尽量少吃乳制品”，cream sup（奶油汤）含乳制品，因此顾客应选择crn sup而非cream sup。A项表达“宁愿喝玉米汤也不喝奶油汤”，与语境一致。B、C、D都选择了cream sup，与顾客意图矛盾。单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
grain
/ɡreɪn/
n.
谷物；粮食
Grain prducts like rice and bread give us energy.
crn
/kɔːn/
n.
玉米
I'd rather have crn than chips fr a snack.
dairy prducts
/ˈdeəri ˈprɒdʌkts/
n.
乳制品
Dairy prducts such as milk and cheese are rich in calcium.
ygurt
/ˈjɒɡət/
n.
酸奶
I prefer ygurt t ice cream fr dessert.
cucumber
/ˈkjuːkʌmbə/
n.
黄瓜
Cucumber salad is fresh and lw in calries.
carrt
/ˈkærət/
n.
胡萝卜
Carrts are gd fr yur eyes.
cabbage
/ˈkæbɪdʒ/
n.
卷心菜；洋白菜
My mther ften cks cabbage sup fr dinner.
prefer
/prɪˈfɜː/
v.
更喜欢
I prefer whle wheat bread t white bread.
rather
/ˈrɑːðə/
adv.
宁愿；相当
I'd rather drink water than a sprts drink.
句型
结构
例句
用法说明
I'd rather have...
主语 + wuld rather + 动词原形 (+ 宾语)
I'd rather have ygurt than ice cream.
wuld rather后接动词原形，常与than搭配表示比较
I'd prefer... t...
主语 + wuld prefer + 名词A + t + 名词B
I'd prefer crn t French fries.
prefer A t B中A和B须为相同词性（名词或动名词）
I like... mre than...
主语 + like + 名词A + mre than + 名词B
I like cucumber mre than cabbage.
mre than用于比较两个事物，结构较灵活