安徽省合肥市百花中学等四校2025-2026学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份安徽省合肥市百花中学等四校2025-2026学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），共35页。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。
1. What des the man want t d?
A. Red his hmewrk.
B. Print anther cpy f his hmewrk.
C. Ask his parents t bring his hmewrk.
2. What type f vacatin are the speakers planning fr?
A. A beach hliday. B. A sprting hliday. C. A city shpping hliday.
3. Hw des the wman feel nw?
A. Relieved. B. Angry. C. Disappinted.
4. What is an advantage f the wman’s new place?
A. It has a big bed.
B. It is lcated in a cheap area.
C. It ffers her persnal space.
5. What is the man anxius abut?
A. Missing the bus. B. Flying by himself. C. Lsing his persnal items.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。
听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。
6. Why des the man want t rder takeut?
A. He can t ck. B. He likes the fd. C. He wants t save time.
7. What is the main reasn the wman prefers cking?
A. She finds it relaxing. B. She thinks it’s healthier. C. She wants t save mney.
听第 7段录音，回答第 8至 10题。
8. What new study methd is the wman trying ut?
A. Studying alngside smene else.
B. Using rewards t encurage learning.
C. Dividing study sessins up with shrt breaks.
9. What is the man prbably ding right nw?
A. Washing his clthes.
B. Pressing his clthes.
C. Planning his weekly schedule.
10. When will the speakers prbably start again?
A. At 2:20 p. m. B. At 2,30 p. m. C. At 2:45 p. m.
听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。
11. Why des the man dubt Auntie Jess s new accunt?
A. The picture desn’t lk lite her.
B It has sent ut sme strange messages.
C. She’s nt gd at tech-related stuff.
12. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Parent and child. B. Brther and sister. C. Cusins.
13. What will the wman d next?
A. Call Auntie Jess.
B. Help delete the cpied accunt.
C. Tell her family nt t accept the request.
听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。
14. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In an ffice. B. In a park. C. In a café.
15. Hw did Rachel upset Alice?
A. By teking a jb frm Alice.
B. By getting quite mad at Alice.
C. By lying abut her wn mistake.
16. What is frgiveness accrding t Alice?
A. It’s abut freeing neself.
B. It means frgetting what happened.
C. It requires the ther persn t aplgize.
17. What des the man think f Alice’s decisin?
A. It’s admirable. B. It’s wrthless. C. It’s annying.
听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. Hw t get a favrite jb.
B. Hw t wrk with Al and rbts.
C. Hw t keep up with the changing jb market.
19. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. High schl students. B. Cllege students. C. Yung jb seekers.
20. Which skills are at the tp f emplyers’ lists. accrding t the speaker?
A. Cmmunicatin and language skills.
B. Relatinship building and teamwrk.
C. Prblem-slving and riginal thinking.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The histry f science is built n the breakthrughs f brilliant minds. While many have cntributed, the wrk f these fur individuals fundamentally changed their fields and cntinues t impact ur lives tday.
Ott Hahn
Ott Hahn was a pineer in the field f nuclear chemistry. His mst famus achievement came in 1939 with the discvery f nuclear fissin — a prcess that releases immense energy by splitting atmic nuclei (原子核). This breakthrugh nt nly earned him the Nbel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 but als paved the way fr bth nuclear energy and atmic science. Earlier, in 1921, he als discvered nuclear ismerism, slidifying his rle as a key figure in radichemistry and mdern physics.
Luis Pasteur
Luis Pasteur’s wrk has saved many lives. He discvered that tiny living things called germs (病菌) can cause sickness and make fd g bad. Frm this, he created a way t heat milk s it is safe t drink — nw called pasteurizatin. He is even better knwn fr making vaccines (疫苗) against serius diseases like rabies and anthrax. His imprtant findings helped start mdern germ science and ways t prevent disease, changing hw peple fight infectins.
Nikla Tesla
Nikla Tesla, a visinary inventr, was instrumental in capturing the pwer f electricity. He champined alternating current (AC), which prved far superir t direct current fr carrying electricity ver lng distances. This AC system became the fundatin f ur mdern electrical netwrk. Tesla als held grundbreaking patents in radi transmissin and electrmagnetism (电磁), dreaming up technlgies that wuld nly be realized lng after his time.
James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell transfrmed ur understanding f electricity, magnetism, and light. Thrugh a set f elegant equatins — nw knwn as Maxwell’s equatins — he integrated the theries f electricity and magnetism int a single framewrk: electrmagnetism. His wrk predicted the existence f radi waves and laid the essential grundwrk fr bth relativity and quantum physics.
1. What Nbel Prize did Ott Hahn win in 1944?
A. Medicine.B. Physics.C. Chemistry.D. Literature.
2. What is pasteurizatin used fr?
A. Making flu vaccines.B. Increasing milk prductin.
C. Killing germs n chicken.D. Keeping milk safe t drink.
3. What d Tesla and Maxwell have in cmmn?
A. They studied electrmagnetism.B. They predicted radi waves.
C. They explred atmic nuclei.D. They invented alternating current.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍四位科学巨匠的突破性成就及其对现代科学和社会发展的深远影响。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ott Hahn部分中“This breakthrugh nt nly earned him the Nbel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 but als paved the way fr bth nuclear energy and atmic science.(这一突破不仅为他赢得了1944年的诺贝尔化学奖，也为核能和原子科学铺平了道路)”可知，Ott Hahn获得了诺贝尔化学奖。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luis Pasteur部分中“Frm this, he created a way t heat milk s it is safe t drink — nw called pasteurizatin.(由此，他创造了一种加热牛奶使其可以安全饮用的方法——现在称为巴氏杀菌法)”可知，巴氏杀菌法用于确保牛奶的安全饮用。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Nikla Tesla部分中“Tesla als held grundbreaking patents in radi transmissin and electrmagnetism(特斯拉还在无线电传输和电磁学领域拥有开创性专利)”及James Clerk Maxwell部分中“James Clerk Maxwell transfrmed ur understanding f electricity, magnetism, and light.(詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦改变了我们对电、磁和光的理解)”可知，两者的共同点是都研究了电磁学。
B
I remember ding the husehld chres t help my mther when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did nt clean away. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelng dislike f the way the machine wrked, I decided t make a bagless ne.
Easier said than dne, f curse. I didn’t realize that I wuld spend the next five years perfecting my design, a prcess that resulted in 5,127 different prttypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prttype, my third child was brn. By 2,627, my wife and I were really cunting ur pennies (便士). By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessns fr sme extra cash, and we were getting further and further int debt. These were tugh times, but each failure brught me clser t slving the prblem.
In the early 1980s, I started trying t get licensing agreements fr my technlgy. The reality was very different, hwever. The majr vacuum makers had built a business mdel based n the prfits frm bags and filters (滤网). N ne wuld license my idea, nt because it was a bad ne, but because it was bad fr business. But sn after, the cmpanies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had t fight legal battles n bth sides f the Atlantic t prtect the patents n my vacuum cleaner.
I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager persnally persuaded Llyds Bank t lend me $1 millin. Then I was able t g int prductin. Within tw years, the Dysn vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.
Tday, I still accept risk and the ptential fr failure as part f the prcess. Nthing beats the excitement f inventin.
4. What drve the authr t make a bagless vacuum cleaner?
A. His willingness t help mm.
B. His curisity abut machines.
C. His truble in ding family chres.
D. His discntent with existing cleaners.
5. What des paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A. The help frm the authr’s wife.
B. The financial prblems f the family.
C. The tugh prcess f the new inventin.
D. The prcedures f making a bagless cleaner.
6. Why did the cmpanies refuse t license the authr’s technlgy?
A. They thught they might suffer lss.
B. They cnsidered it nt gd enugh.
C. They faced legal prblems themselves.
D. They had begun making such machines.
7. What lessn may the authr learn frm the experience?
A. Think twice befre acting.
B. Failure is the mther f success.
C. Actins speak luder than wrds.
D. A gd beginning makes a gd ending.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】文章主要讲述了作者因不满现有吸尘器而发明无袋吸尘器的艰难历程及感悟。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelng dislike f the way the machine wrked, I decided t make a bagless ne.(二十年后，也就是在 1978 年，由于一直对这种机器的运作方式感到不满，我决定制造一款无袋式机器)”可知，作者对现有吸尘器的不满促使他制造无袋吸尘器。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“I didn’t realize that I wuld spend the next five years perfecting my design, a prcess that resulted in 5,127 different prttypes (样机).(我没有意识到接下来的五年我会用来完善我的设计，这个过程产生了5127个不同的样机)”以及后文描述作者在发明过程中遇到的种种困难，可知本段主要讲述新发明的艰难过程。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The majr vacuum makers had built a business mdel based n the prfits frm bags and filters (滤网). N ne wuld license my idea, nt because it was a bad ne, but because it was bad fr business.(主要的吸尘器制造商已经建立了一种基于吸尘袋和滤网利润的商业模式。没有人会批准我的想法，不是因为这是一个坏想法，而是因为这对生意不利)”可知，公司拒绝授权作者的技术是因为他们认为这可能会让他们遭受损失。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“These were tugh times, but each failure brught me clser t slving the prblem.(这些是艰难的时刻，但每一次失败都让我离解决问题更近了一步)”以及最后一段中“Tday, I still accept risk and the ptential fr failure as part f the prcess. Nthing beats the excitement f inventin.(今天，我仍然接受风险和失败的可能性作为过程的一部分。没有什么比发明带来的兴奋更棒的了)”可知，作者从这次经历中学到了失败是成功之母。
C
The idea that yu can use humr, laughter, and play t make yu healthier prbably seems t simple t be true. Hwever, it is really true and simple. The sense f humr, laughter and play plays an imprtant part in keeping yu healthy.
Treat the blues with a sense f humr, which is clsely tied t laughter. Laughter is infectius. Have yu ever heard a big laugh f a yung child and been able t keep yurself frm smiling? When laughter is shared between peple, it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning f laughter and a smile is als just as infectius as laughter is. Yu can experience smething by smiling at everyne arund yu, and yu will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.
Play is an imprtant part f making sure that we stay healthy. We are ften encuraged t make sure ur children play, and are tld f the benefits f being ut playing. Hwever, what we ften frget is that it is just as imprtant fr ld peple t make play be part f their life as it’s fr children. Physical play is imprtant fr the ld and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been dne have shwn that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cgnitive (认知的) falling.
Anyway, adding humr, laughter, and play t ur life will influence us mentally, physically and scially and bring us many advantages. S we shuld make full use f humr, laughter and play t make ur life mre active, mre interesting and happier.
8. What des the underlined wrd “infectius” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Playing an imprtant rle.B. Keeping peple in high spirits.
C. Quickly influencing ther peple.D. Preventing illness frm spreading.
9. What can laughter increase accrding t the authr?
A. Cgnitive ability.B. Gd relatinships.
C. A sense f humr.D. Happiness and trust.
10. What des the authr think the ld shuld d?
A. They shuld have a gd rest.
B. They shuld play like children.
C. They shuld prevent cgnitive falling.
D. They shuld take part in physical play.
11. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Humr, Laughter and Play fr HealthB. Always Keep Our Bdy Healthy
C. Have an Active and Happy LifeD. Let Our Bdy and Mind Relax
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】文章主要论述了笑给人带来的好处和积极作用。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Have yu ever heard a big laugh f a yung child and been able t keep yurself frm smiling? When laughter is shared between peple, it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness.(你有没有听过一个小孩的大笑，并且能让自己不笑？当人们之间分享笑声时，它使他们彼此更加亲密，并增加他们的幸福感。)”可知，别人大笑，你也会忍不住笑，人们之间分享笑声，这说明笑具有感染力，故画线词意为“迅速影响他人的”。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When laughter is shared between peple, it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness.(当人与人之间共享笑声时，会使他们彼此更亲近，增加他们的幸福感)”可知，根据作者的说法，笑能使人们彼此更亲近，即能增进人际关系。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hwever, what we ften frget is that it is just as imprtant fr ld peple t make play be part f their life as it’s fr children. Physical play is imprtant fr the ld and it certainly helps prevent illness.(然而，我们经常忘记的是，对于老人来说，让游戏成为他们生活的一部分就像对孩子一样重要。体育运动对老年人来说很重要，它当然有助于预防疾病)”可知，作者认为老年人应该参加体育活动。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The idea that yu can use humr, laughter, and play t make yu healthier prbably seems t simple t be true. Hwever, it is really true and simple. The sense f humr, laughter and play plays an imprtant part in keeping yu healthy.(你可以用幽默、笑声和玩耍来让你更健康，这个想法似乎太过简单，不真实。然而，这是真实和简单的。幽默感、笑声和玩乐在保持你的健康中起着重要的作用)”结合文章主要论述了笑给人带来的好处和积极作用。故A选项“幽默、欢笑和玩耍有益于健康”最符合文章标题。
D
Listening t music while driving is a cmmn habit fr many peple. It helps us stay awake, imprves ur md, and makes lng trips mre enjyable. Over 80% f drivers play music n mst jurneys, especially yunger drivers wh find it hard t cncentrate withut it.
Researchers have studied the effects f music n driving fr many years in virtual driving envirnments. They measure things like speed, reactin time, and crash incidents under different music cnditins. The results shw that music can bth help and harm driving perfrmance.
Overall, listening t music tends t lead t mre simulated (模拟的) crashes, prer speed cntrl, and less stable fllwing distances cmpared t driving in silence. Hwever, music can temprarily help tired drivers stay alert n lng, dull drives, thugh this effect fades after 15-25 minutes.
Lud r fast-paced music is ften thught t be risky, but research shws the picture is mre cmplex. High vlume tends t slightly increase speed, while lw vlume makes peple drive mre slwly. Fast music des nt always make driving wrse, but very energetic r aggressive sngs can lead t riskier behaviur, especially fr yung r inexperienced drivers. Music that drivers chse themselves tends t be less distracting (分心的) than music they d nt like, as it helps them stay calm and fcused.
Inexperienced drivers are mre easily affected by music. Studies shw that when they listen t upbeat r fast music, they are mre likely t speed, miss rad signs, and react slwly t dangers. In cntrast, calm r slw music can help them stay mre aware and respnd better t dangers n the rad.
Fr safer driving, it is best t listen t recgnizable sngs, at a mderate vlume, and avid very lud r aggressive tracks. New drivers, in particular, may want t lwer the vlume r even turn ff the music in difficult driving cnditins.
12. Hw d mst researchers study the effects f music n driving?
A. By cnducting experiments in driving simulatrs.
B. By analyzing real car crash data invlving music.
C. By surveying drivers’ persnal preferences fr music.
D. By measuring drivers’ physical health after lng trips.
13. Which type f driver shuld be mst cautius abut listening t music while driving?
A. Drivers wh are feeling excited.B. Drivers with little driving experience.
C. Drivers wh prefer ppular music.D. Drivers travelling lng distances.
14. What is the safest practice fr drivers regarding music?
A. Listening t lud music n bring rad trips.
B. Enjying fast music t keep the brain active.
C. Chsing familiar sngs at a medium vlume.
D. Letting the passengers chse the music t enjy.
15. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T discurage drivers frm listening t music.
B. T explre the driving habits between different drivers.
C. T criticize yung drivers fr their bad listening habits.
D. T explain hw music affects driving and ffer advice.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了音乐对驾驶行为的影响，分析不同音乐类型及音量对驾驶安全的作用，并提出安全驾驶的音乐建议。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。​根据第二段中“Researchers have studied the effects f music n driving fr many years in virtual driving envirnments. They measure things like speed, reactin time, and crash incidents under different music cnditins.(研究人员多年来一直在虚拟驾驶环境中研究音乐对驾驶的影响。他们在不同的音乐条件下测量速度、反应时间和碰撞事故等指标)”可知，研究者在虚拟驾驶环境中进行实验来测量驾驶表现。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。​根据第五段中“Inexperienced drivers are mre easily affected by music. Studies shw that when they listen t upbeat r fast music, they are mre likely t speed, miss rad signs, and react slwly t dangers.(新手司机更容易受音乐影响。研究表明，当他们听欢快或快节奏音乐时，更可能超速、错过路标、对危险反应迟缓)”可知，缺乏驾驶经验的司机更容易受音乐影响。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。​根据最后一段中“Fr safer driving, it is best t listen t recgnizable sngs, at a mderate vlume, and avid very lud r aggressive tracks.(为了更安全的驾驶，最好听熟悉的歌曲，保持适中音量，避免过大或激进的曲目)”可知，最安全的做法是选择熟悉的歌曲并以中等音量播放。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。​文章开篇介绍音乐对驾驶的普遍影响，接着通过研究数据说明音乐如何影响驾驶表现，最后针对不同人群提出安全驾驶的音乐建议，所以本文的目的是解释音乐如何影响驾驶并提供建议。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项有多余选项。
Ways t keep a lng-distance friendship
A lng-distance friendship is between tw peple wh live quite far apart — far enugh that they dn’t see each ther n a regular basis. S a lt f effrt is required t maintain it. ____16____.
Stay in tuch
A friendship wn’t last withut cnnectin. ____17____. Fr example, starting a grup chat is a great way t share yur updates. Sharing phts with yur friends als makes therm feel that yu are still part f each ther’s daily life.
____18____
Shwing thughtfulness desn’t cst t much. It desn’t need expensive gds, lts f mney r hurs f planning. Smething plain, like a card r a small gift, can mean a lt mre t them than yu may think. ____19____.
Remain reliable
____20____. Even thugh yu can’t bring them ice cream r a cpy f their favrite mvie after they’ve had a bad day, letting them knw they can talk t yu at any time will cmfrt them.
Remember even if yu’re nt living next t yur friends any mre, it desn’t mean yur friendship has t end. It just takes time and effrt t maintain a lng-distance friendship.
A. Shw thughtfulness
B. Remember imprtant dates
C. Let yur friends knw yu are always reliable
D. Yu can visit each ther in new hmes at weekends
E. There are many ways fr us t stay in tuch with friends
F. Here are sme ways t keep a lng-distance friendship strng
G. Shwing thughtfulness in little ways culd make their entire day
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了异地友谊因距离难以维系，需要通过保持联系、表达体贴、保持可靠等方法，付出时间和努力来维系这份情谊。
【16题详解】
上文“A lng-distance friendship is between tw peple wh live quite far apart — far enugh that they dn’t see each ther n a regular basis. S a lt f effrt is required t maintain it. (异地友谊是指两个人住得很远——远到无法定期见面。因此需要付出很多努力来维持这段友谊)”介绍了异地友谊的定义和维持的难度，结合下文分点介绍维持异地友谊的具体方法可知，F选项“这里有一些让异地友谊保持牢固的方法”符合语境，承上启下，引出下文的具体方法。故选F。
【17题详解】
上文“A friendship wn’t last withut cnnectin. (没有联系，友谊就无法长久)”强调了联系对友谊的重要性，下文“Fr example, starting a grup chat is a great way t share yur updates. Sharing phts with yur friends als makes them feel that yu are still part f each ther’s daily life. (例如，建一个群聊是分享近况的好方法。和朋友分享照片也能让他们觉得你们仍然是彼此日常生活的一部分)”举例说明和朋友保持联系的具体方式，E选项“我们有很多方式可以和朋友保持联系”承上启下，引出下文的具体联系方式，符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
下文“Shwing thughtfulness desn’t cst t much. It desn’t need expensive gds, lts f mney r hurs f planning. Smething plain, like a card r a small gift, can mean a lt mre t them than yu may think. (表达体贴不需要花费太多。不需要昂贵的东西、大量的金钱或数小时的计划。一些简单的东西，比如一张卡片或一份小礼物，对他们来说可能比你想象的更有意义)”围绕“表达体贴”展开，A选项“表达体贴”作为小标题，概括该段核心内容，符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
上文“Shwing thughtfulness desn’t cst t much. It desn’t need expensive gds, lts f mney r hurs f planning. Smething plain, like a card r a small gift, can mean a lt mre t them than yu may think. (表达体贴不需要花费太多。不需要昂贵的东西、大量的金钱或数小时的计划。一些简单的东西，比如一张卡片或一份小礼物，对他们来说可能比你想象的更有意义)”说明简单的体贴行为也能带来很大意义，G选项“在小事上表达体贴可能会让他们一整天都心情愉悦”承接上文，进一步说明小体贴的积极作用，符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
上文小标题“Remain reliable (保持可靠)”点明该段核心是“可靠”，下文“Even thugh yu can’t bring them ice cream r a cpy f their favrite mvie after they’ve had a bad day, letting them knw they can talk t yu at any time will cmfrt them. (即使在他们心情不好的日子里，你不能给他们带冰淇淋或他们最喜欢的电影碟片，让他们知道可以随时和你聊天也会安慰到他们)”具体说明如何做到可靠，C选项“让你的朋友知道你总是可靠的”承接小标题，引出下文的具体做法，符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，
Upn mving int their new flat in Bristl, fur yung men were immediately ___21___ by their neighbr’s adrable dg, Stevie. Having grwn up with animals, they were ___22___ fr furry cmpaninship. Hwever, their strict landlrd ___23___ pets, s they gathered their curage t write a letter t their neighbr, expressing their desire t be friends with the dg and ffering t walk r play with it anytime.
A respnse arrived sn, written frm Stevie’s ___24___. She intrduced herself as an energetic dg ___25___ by Sarah, agreeing t be their friend n the ___26___ f five daily ball thrws and belly scratches whenever she demanded. The bys were verjyed. Their first meeting with Stevie was ___27___ they’d hped fr. She was energetic and friendly, and the walk was a blast.
Subsequently, regular play dates became a rutine. The bys lked frward t their time with Stevie, and Sarah cherished hw the interactins brke the ___28___ neighbrhd barriers. In an era where peple ften remain strangers t thse next dr, this small cnnectin felt ___29___. As time went by, their bnd grew strnger and acts f kindness became the ___30___ — they helped Sarah carry grceries, and she shared hmemade ckies with them. What started as a request fr dggy dates had ___31___ int a genuine friendship.
When the bys had t mve, they were heartbrken t say gdbye t Stevie. Sarah ___32___ them her dr wuld always be pen fr them. Their stry later ___33___ nline, tuching peple arund the wrld. It serves as a gentle ___34___ that kindness and curisity can bridge even the mst rdinary divides and a simple act f ___35___ can transfrm strangers int lifelng friends.
21. A. attackedB. annyedC. cnfusedD. captivated
22. A. gratefulB. respnsibleC. desperateD. suitable
23. A. frbadeB. requiredC. fearedD. ignred
24. A. memryB. perspectiveC. imaginatinD. intentin
25. A. adaptedB. raisedC. supprtedD. abandned
26. A. qualificatinB. affectinC. ambitinD. cnditin
27. A. everythingB. nthingC. anythingD. smething
28. A. strangeB. unexpectedC. usualD. harmnius
29. A. nrmalB. wrthlessC. invaluableD. inevitable
30. A. standardB. nrmC. galD. pririty
31. A. evlvedB. dividedC. jumpedD. burst
32. A. cnvincedB. infrmedC. assuredD. persuaded
33. A. paid ffB. went viralC. hit the sptD. tk a twist
34. A. reminderB. celebratinC. indicatinD. suggestin
35. A. hnestyB. patienceC. kindnessD. bldness
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】文章讲述了四个年轻人因为想要和新邻居的狗狗玩耍而和新邻居之间建立了深厚友谊的温暖故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词。句意：四名年轻人搬进布里斯托尔的新公寓后，立刻被邻居那可爱的狗狗史蒂薇迷住了。A. attacked攻击；B. annyed使恼怒；C. cnfused使困惑；D. captivated迷住。根据“by their neighbr’s adrable dg”可知，此处是指四名年轻人立刻被邻居那可爱的狗狗史蒂薇迷住了。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们与动物一起长大，对毛茸茸的伙伴有着强烈的渴望。A. grateful感激的；B. respnsible负责的；C. desperate渴望的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文“expressing their desire t be friends with the dg and ffering t walk r play with it anytime”可知，此处是指对毛茸茸的伙伴有着强烈的渴望。
【23题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，他们严格的房东禁止养宠物，于是他们鼓起勇气给邻居写了一封信，表达了希望与这只狗成为朋友的愿望，并提出随时可以带它散步或一起玩耍。A. frbade禁止；B. required要求；C. feared害怕；D. ignred忽视。根据“their strict landlrd”可知，此处是指严格的房东禁止养宠物。
【24题详解】
考查名词。句意：很快他们便收到回复，是以史蒂薇的视角写的。A. memry记忆；B. perspective视角；C. imaginatin想象；D. intentin意图。根据后文“She intrduced herself as an energetic dg”可知，此处是指回复是以史蒂薇的视角写的。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：她自我介绍是一只精力充沛的狗狗，由萨拉抚养长大，她同意成为他们的朋友，但条件是每天必须有五次抛球游戏，并且只要她提出要求就要给她挠肚肚。A. adapted改编；B. raised抚养；C. supprted支持；D. abandned抛弃。根据“by Sarah”可知，此处是指由主人萨拉养大。
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：她自我介绍是一只精力充沛的狗狗，由萨拉抚养长大，她同意成为他们的朋友，但条件是每天必须有五次抛球游戏，并且只要她提出要求就要给她挠肚肚。A. qualificatin资格；B. affectin关爱；C. ambitin野心；D. cnditin条件。根据“five daily ball thrws and belly scratches whenever she demanded”可知，此处是指条件是每天必须有五次抛球游戏，并且只要她提出要求就要给她挠肚肚。n the cnditin that...意为“条件是……”。
【27题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们第一次与史蒂薇见面，完全达到了他们的期望。A. everything一切；B. nthing没有什么；C. anything任何事物 （用于否定句、条件句）；D. smething某物。根据后文“She was energetic and friendly, and the walk was a blast.”可知，此处是指第一次与史蒂薇的见面满足了他们的期望的一切。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。句意：男孩们期待着与史蒂薇共度的时光，而莎拉则珍视这些互动如何打破了邻里间常有的隔阂。A. strange陌生的；B. unexpected意外的；C. usual平常的，通常的；D. harmnius和谐的。根据后文“In an era where peple ften remain strangers t thse next dr”可知，此处是指邻里间通常的隔阂。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在一个人们常常与隔壁邻居互不相识的时代，这种小小的联系显得无比珍贵。A. nrmal正常的；B. wrthless无价值的；C. invaluable极宝贵的；D. inevitable无法避免的。根据“In an era where peple ften remain strangers t thse next dr”可知，此处是指这种小小的联系显得无比珍贵。
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，他们之间的感情越来越深厚，善良的行为也成了常态——他们帮萨拉提杂货，而她则和他们分享自己做的饼干。A. standard标准；B. nrm常态；C. gal目标；D. pririty优先事项，最重要的事。根据后文“they helped Sarah carry grceries, and she shared hmemade ckies with them”和前文“As time went by”可知，此处是指善良的行为也成了常态。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：最初只是想和狗子约会，后来却发展成了真挚的友谊。A. evlved演变，发展；B. divided分开；C. jumped跳跃；D. burst爆炸。根据前文“What started as a request fr dggy dates had”和后文“int a genuine friendship”可知，此处是指最初和狗狗的约会发展成了真挚的友谊。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：莎拉向他们保证，她的门永远对他们敞开。A. cnvinced使确信，使信服；B. infrmed通知；C. assured保证；D. persuaded劝说。根据“her dr wuld always be pen fr them”可知，此处是指莎拉向他们保证她的门永远对他们敞开。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他们的故事后来在网上走红，感动了世界各地的人们。A. paid ff偿还债务；B. went viral迅速传播；C. hit the spt恰到好处；D. tk a twist发生转变。根据“tuching peple arund the wrld”可知，此处是指他们的故事后来在网上走红。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：它充当一个温柔的提醒，表明善良与好奇能够弥合最普通的隔阂，而一次简单的勇敢举动，也能将陌生人变成终身的朋友。A. reminder提醒；B. celebratin庆祝；C. indicatin指示，标示；D. suggestin建议。根据“that kindness and curisity can bridge even the mst rdinary divides”可知，此处是指这个故事像一个温柔的提醒。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：它充当一个温柔的提醒，表明善良与好奇能够弥合最普通的隔阂，而一次简单的勇敢举动，也能将陌生人变成终身的朋友。A. hnesty诚实；B. patience耐心；C. kindness善意；D. bldness勇敢。根据前文“they gathered their curage t write a letter t their neighbr”可知，此处是指一次简单的勇敢举动。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qian Xuesen is a great scientist, an utstanding man. He, brn in Hangzhu, was admitted t the aernautics department f the MIT (美国麻省理工学院航空系) in 1935. After ____36____ (graduate) with his PhD (博士学位), he was emplyed as ____37____ assistant researcher at University. Qian’s missile (导弹) designs laid the fundatin fr the missile develpment in the 1940s and 1950s, ____38____ (make) him a wrld-knwn rcketeer (火箭工程师).
When he ____39____ (hear) f the exciting news f the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China in 1949, Qian decided t return t hmeland withut hesitatin t cntribute ____40____ his wn natin.
Upn returning t China, Qian Xuesen was ____41____ (active) invlved in research wrk. Under his ____42____ (participate) and guidance, China successfully launched its first missile in 1960. In 1965, Qian planned ____43____ (develp) the first artificial satellite included in the cuntry’s key prjects, ____44____ was finally launched int space in 1970.
In 1999, Qian Xuesen _____45_____ (award) the “Tw Bmbs and One Satellite Meritrius Medal” (两弹一星功勋奖章) by the gvernment f PRC, and was cnsidered as the “Father f China’s Missiles” fr his significant cntributins t China’s space industry.
【答案】36. graduating
37. an 38. making
39. heard 40. t
41. actively
42. participatin
43. t develp
44. which 45. was awarded
【解析】
【导语】文章介绍了钱学森的求学经历、科研成就、以及他为中国导弹与航天事业作出的卓越贡献和获得的荣誉。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：博士毕业后，他受聘于一所大学担任助理研究员。介词After后需接graduate的动名词形式作宾语。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：博士毕业后，他受聘于一所大学担任助理研究员。assistant以元音音素开头，此处表泛指，用不定冠词an。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：钱学森的导弹设计为二十世纪四五十年代的导弹发展奠定了基础，让他成为世界知名的火箭工程师。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表自然而然的结果。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：1949年，当听到中华人民共和国成立这一振奋人心的消息时，钱学森毫不犹豫决定回国。时间为1949年，描述过去动作，用一般过去时。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：1949年，当听到中华人民共和国成立这一振奋人心的消息时，钱学森毫不犹豫决定回国，为自己的国家做贡献。固定搭配cntribute t表示“为……做贡献”。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：一回到祖国，钱学森就积极投身科研工作。此处修饰形容词invlved，需用副词actively作状语。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他的参与和指导下，中国于1960年成功发射第一枚导弹。形容词性物主代词his后接名词形式，participatin“参与”符合，不可数。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1965年，钱学森规划研发列入国家重点项目的首颗人造卫星，这颗卫星最终于1970年发射升空。固定搭配plan t d sth.表示“计划做某事”。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1965年，钱学森规划研发列入国家重点项目的首颗人造卫星，这颗卫星最终于1970年发射升空。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文the first artificial satellite，从句缺少主语，用关系代词which引导。
【45题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：1999年，钱学森被中华人民共和国政府授予两弹一星功勋奖章，因其对中国航天事业的重大贡献，被称为中国导弹之父。主语与award之间为被动关系，结合时间1999用一般过去时的被动语态。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节(满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的交换生好友Tny准备参加“用英语讲中国故事”演讲比赛，想请你推荐一个彰显中华传统美德的经典历史故事。请给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.故事简介；
2.推荐理由；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tny,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Tny,
Regarding the Chinese histric stry yu want, I recmmend “Kng Rng Sharing Pears”. Kng Rng, a fur-year-ld by, chse the smallest pear fr himself, leaving the larger nes fr his brthers.
The stry is a perfect chice because it highlights traditinal Chinese values that are still relevant tday. It teaches the imprtance f humility and cnsideratin. By sharing this stry, yu can cnvey the timeless lessn that true greatness lies in thinking f thers. This will nt nly enrich yur speech but als cnnect with audiences frm different backgrunds.
Hpe my recmmendatin is helpful. Best wishes fr yur speech!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份给交换生好友Tny回复邮件，为其参加演讲比赛推荐一则体现中华传统美德的历史故事，介绍故事内容、说明推荐理由并送上参赛祝福。
【详解】1.词汇积累
传统的：traditinal→cnventinal
谦逊：humility→mdesty
体贴：cnsideratin→thughtfulness
永恒的：timeless→everlasting
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：This will nt nly enrich yur speech but als cnnect with audiences frm different backgrunds.
拓展句：Nt nly will this enrich yur speech, but it will als cnnect with audiences frm different backgrunds.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The stry is a perfect chice because it highlights traditinal Chinese values that are still relevant tday.（运用了because引导原因状语从句以及关系代词that引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】This will nt nly enrich yur speech but als cnnect with audiences frm different backgrunds.（运用了“nt als...”连接并列结构）
第二节(满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Le transferred t a new high schl in the middle f the term, he rarely spke a single wrd. Cming frm a quiet small twn far away, he was extremely shy and quiet, always sitting silently at the back f the classrm. He never participated in any grup activities, and even when the teacher asked him simple questins, he wuld lwer his head shyly and reply in a lw vice.
But during the art class, Jake, the mst lively and playful by in their class, secretly glanced at Le’s painting and culdn’t hide the surprise n his face. One day, Ms. White, their art teacher, annunced a city-wide art cmpetitin, calling n students t create paintings that culd reveal their innermst dreams and true emtins. While ther students chatted happily and actively shared their creative ideas, Le sat all alne in his seat, staring blankly at his blank canvas (画布), lking lst and discuraged.
Ms. White walked ver and knelt beside him, saying gently, “Everyne has a unique vice in art and yurs is just waiting t be heard.” Le lked up at her fr the first time, his eyes full f dubt but als a faint spark f hpe. She stayed with him patiently, asking abut his beautiful hmetwn and his hidden hbbies, and little by little, Le began t pen up his heart. With her encuragement, Le finished his painting and submitted it t the teacher after class, never expecting anyne t ntice.
A mnth later, as sn as classes ended, Jake rushed ver t Le with a bright grin. “Cme n, let’s g t the ntice bard. The result f the art cmpetitin is due ut tday!” he said excitedly. Le shk his head and whispered, “I’m nt ging. It has nthing t d with me anyway.” Mments later, lud, excited cheers came frm the hallway.
注意：
1．续写词数为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Jake dashed back and annunced the gd news.
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Everyne sn fund Le’s gradual change.
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【答案】Jake dashed back and annunced the gd news. “Le, yu wn first place!” he shuted, his vice full f excitement. Le’s eyes widened in disbelief. He shk his head slightly, thinking it must be a mistake. But Jake grabbed his arm and pulled him tward the hallway. There, n the ntice bard, was Le’s painting, a peaceful village with starry skies and children laughing. Ms. White std nearby, smiling prudly. “I knew yu culd d it,” she said sftly. Fr the first time, Le felt seen. A shy smile appeared n his face as classmates gathered arund, ffering their cngratulatins.
Everyne sn fund Le’s gradual change. He began t speak mre in class, his vice n lnger a whisper but clear and steady. He jined grup activities and even helped ther students with their art prjects. Jake became his clse friend, and tgether they painted pictures n the classrm wall. Le n lnger sat at the back alne. He had fund his vice, nt thrugh wrds alne, but thrugh clrs and brushes. Ms. White’s wrds had planted a seed, and nw Le was finally blming. Smetimes a single act f kindness is all it takes t help a quiet heart find its way.
【解析】
【导语】本文以莱奥的转变为线索展开，讲述了转学到新高中的莱奥害羞内向、沉默寡言，不愿与人交流，在美术课上被杰克发现有绘画天赋，在美术老师的鼓励下参加城市艺术比赛，意外获得一等奖，之后逐渐变得开朗自信，主动融入集体，找到自我价值的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段写杰克跑回来告知莱奥获得一等奖的好消息，莱奥难以置信，被杰克拉去看公告栏，得到老师和同学们的祝贺，第一次感受到被认可。
②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段写莱奥逐渐发生变化，课堂上说话更多、声音更响亮，主动参加集体活动，和杰克成为好朋友，凭借绘画找到自我，彻底摆脱内向。
2. 续写线索：告知获奖消息——莱奥震惊——查看公告——获得祝贺——逐渐改变——主动交流——结交朋友——找到自我
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①抓：grab/seize/grasp
②帮助：help/aid
情绪类
①兴奋：excitement/thrill
②害羞：shy/timid
【点睛】[高分句型1] Ms. White std nearby, smiling prudly.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2] He had fund his vice, nt thrugh wrds alne, but thrugh clrs and brushes.（运用了连接并列结构）