Unit4_单元知识点梳理_教师版＋学生版 26秋译林版初中英语九上

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Unit 4 Life is beautiful单元知识点梳理2026秋季 · 译林版九年级上册学生版编制说明：本版本留有空白，请同学们在学习过程中填写完成。一、核心词汇表植物与自然类花生与品格类（Reading）语法相关词汇（Grammar）人生意义类（Integration）二、核心短语归纳三、语法精讲 — 动词-ing与动词-ed形式本单元语法重点为动词-ing形式（现在分词/动名词）和动词-ed形式（过去分词）的用法辨析。这两种形式均可作形容词，但含义不同：-ing 表示“令人……的”（主动），-ed 表示“感到……的”（被动）。A. 动词-ing形式1. 作名词（动名词，可作主语和宾语）【语法规则】动词-ing形式作名词时称为“动名词”（gerund），具有名词的功能，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。句型结构：• 作主语：Doing sth. + 谓语（单数）+ 其他• 作宾语：主语 + 谓语 + doing sth.教材例句分析：? 【拓展】动名词的时态：一般式 doing（与谓语同时发生）；完成式 having done（先于谓语发生）。初中阶段主要掌握一般式。动名词的否定形式：not doing sth.【易错提醒】❌ See them enjoying the food brings Amy great happiness.✅ Seeing them enjoying the food brings Amy great happiness.动名词作主语必须用-ing形式，不能用动词原形。⚠️ 配套练习1. _______ (read) books is my hobby.2. She enjoys _______ (listen) to music after school.3. _______ (learn) English well takes time and effort.4. My mother doesn't mind _______ (help) me with my homework.5. It is no use _______ (cry) over spilt milk.2. 作宾语补足语【语法规则】某些感官动词和使役动词后可接“宾语 + doing”结构，表示“看到/听到/发现某人正在做某事”。常见动词：see, hear, watch, catch, feel, notice, find, keep句型结构：see/hear/watch/catch/feel + sb. + doing sth.教材例句分析：? 【拓展】辨析：see sb. doing（看见某人正在做）强调动作正在进行；see sb. do（看见某人做了）强调动作全过程。类似：hear sb. doing vs. hear sb. do【易错提醒】❌ She caught the boy steal her apple.✅ She caught the boy stealing her apple.catch sb. doing sth. 抓住某人正在做某事，不能用动词原形。⚠️ 配套练习1. I heard someone _______ (knock) at the door when I was sleeping.2. The teacher caught the students _______ (cheat) in the exam.3. We watched the children _______ (play) football on the playground.4. She felt something _______ (touch) her foot under the table.3. 作形容词【语法规则】动词-ing形式可直接修饰名词（前置定语），也可放在系动词后作表语，表示事物本身的特征或性质，含主动意义，意为“令人……的”。教材例句分析：? 【拓展】-ing形容词通常用来描述事物或事件的特征，表示“令人……的”。常见的-ing形容词还有：surprising, moving, boring, shocking, disappointing 等。【易错提醒】❌ The book is interested.✅ The book is interesting.-ing描述事物的特征，-ed描述人的感受，不可混淆。⚠️ 配套练习1. The movie was really _______. (interest)2. She told us an _______ story. (excite)3. The _______ news made everyone happy. (surprise)4. He has a _______ personality. (charm)B. 动词-ed形式1. 作形容词【语法规则】动词-ed形式（过去分词）作形容词时，表示人的心理感受或状态，含被动意义，意为“感到……的”。通常主语是人，或用来修饰表示人的名词。教材例句分析：? 【拓展】-ed形容词通常与be/get/feel/look/seem等系动词搭配使用。常见搭配介词：be satisfied with / be interested in / be excited about / be worried about / be tired of / be annoyed at【易错提醒】❌ I am interesting in English.✅ I am interested in English.主语是人时，用-ed形式表示人的感受。❌ She is satisfied her job.✅ She is satisfied with her job.注意-ed形容词后需搭配正确的介词。⚠️ 配套练习1. I am _______ in the _______ film. (interest) (interest)2. The students were _______ when they heard the _______ news. (excite) (excite)3. She felt _______ after the _______ day. (tire) (tire)4. He was _______ at the _______ result. (surprise) (surprise)C. -ing与-ed形容词辨析【核心规则】? 【记忆口诀】-ing 事物自身显特征，“令人……”记心中；-ed 人的感受在其中，“感到……”要记清。物用-ing人用-ed，这个规律要记牢！? 【特殊用法】-ed形容词偶尔也可以修饰事物，但表示“被……的”含义，如 a used car（一辆二手车）, boiled water（开水）。注意区分语境。教材例句对比：⚠️ 配套练习1. The lecture was very _______ and all the students were _______. (interest)2. The children felt _______ when they saw the _______ cartoon. (excite)3. She was _______ because the exam results were not _______. (satisfy)4. He looked _______ after hearing the _______ news. (disappoint)5. The _______ movie made the audience feel _______. (bore)6. Don't be _______ — the story is really _______! (shock)四、重点句型翻译练习Section A — 花生与品格（Reading相关）1. Compared with the apple tree, the peanut plant is very short and ordinary.翻译：________________________________________2. It's a pity that the peanuts go to waste if nobody digs them out.翻译：________________________________________3. The most attractive thing about the peanut is not its appearance but its usefulness.翻译：________________________________________4. My father wrote an essay to tell us that we should be useful people, not just look attractive.翻译：________________________________________Section B — 人生意义（Integration相关）1. Fan Jinshi has devoted a large part of her life to researching and protecting the ancient Dunhuang caves.翻译：________________________________________2. We can judge how meaningful our lives are by how many people we help.翻译：________________________________________3. An ordinary person can make a difference if he or she finds purpose in life.翻译：________________________________________4. She came up with the idea of digitalizing the caves to protect them for future generations.翻译：________________________________________Section C — 语法句型（-ing/-ed形式）1. Seeing them enjoying the food brings Amy great happiness.翻译：________________________________________2. Showing kindness to others is an important part of living a good life.翻译：________________________________________3. The boss is satisfied with John's work because it is always well done.翻译：________________________________________4. We were all excited when we heard the exciting news about the school trip.翻译：________________________________________五、易错点归纳与练习易错点1：-ing与-ed形容词混用❌ I am very interesting in learning English.✅ I am very interested in learning English.【讲解】主语是人时，表达“感到……的”用-ed形式。interesting是“令人有趣的”，interested是“感到有兴趣的”。⚠️ 配套练习1. 改错：The students are very boring in the class.2. 填空：The movie was so _______ that many people felt _______. (sleep)3. 选择：She found the lecture quite _______. (interested/interesting)易错点2：动词-ing作主语与it作形式主语的转换❌ That seeing them enjoying the food brings Amy great happiness.✅ Seeing them enjoying the food brings Amy great happiness. 或 It brings Amy great happiness to see them enjoying the food.【讲解】动名词可直接作主语，不需要加that；也可以用It作形式主语，将真正的主语（不定式）后置。⚠️ 配套练习1. 改写为it作形式主语：Learning a new language takes time.2. 用动名词作主语改写：It is important to keep a balance between work and play.3. 判断对错：That showing kindness is important. (T/F)易错点3：devote...to...中to是介词，后接doing❌ She devoted herself to teach children in the poor areas.✅ She devoted herself to teaching children in the poor areas.【讲解】devote...to... 中的 to 是介词（不是不定式符号），因此后面必须接名词或动名词（doing），不能接动词原形。⚠️ 配套练习1. 改错：He has devoted his life to help the poor.2. 填空：She devoted herself to _______ (protect) the environment.3. 翻译：他把大部分时间都致力于研究历史。易错点4：compared with 的位置与用法❌ Comparing with the apple tree, the peanut plant is short.✅ Compared with the apple tree, the peanut plant is short.【讲解】compared with/to 是过去分词短语作状语，表示“与……相比”，通常置于句首，后面加逗号。注意用过去分词compared，不能用现在分词comparing。⚠️ 配套练习1. 改错：Comparing with other students, he works harder.2. 完成句子：_______ _______ other cities, Beijing has a longer history. (与……相比)3. 翻译：与去年相比，今年的收成好多了。易错点5：come up with / come out / come true 等come短语辨析❌ Her dream came up with at last.✅ Her dream came true at last.【讲解】come系列短语辨析：• come up with：想出、提出（后接名词）• come out：出来、出版、（花）开放• come true：实现（主语是梦想/愿望，不及物，无被动）• come up：出现、发生、被提出⚠️ 配套练习1. 选词填空：She _______ a great idea for the project. (came up with/came out)2. 选词填空：His dream of becoming a doctor finally _______. (came true/came up with)3. 翻译：花儿在春天开放。4. 选词填空：A good idea _______ in my mind. (came up/came up with)六、写作素材积累开头好句（关于人生意义/影响我的人）1. Everyone can live a _______ life if they find _______ in it.2. In our lives, there are always people who _______ us and help us find our _______.3. What makes life beautiful is not what we _______, but what we _______ to others.4. The person who has _______ me most is someone who taught me the _______ of _______.描述品质好句1. He has a heart _______ of love and always tries his _______ to help others.2. She is an _______ person, but she has made _______ contributions.3. What makes him special is his determination to _______ himself to _______ others.4. Like the _______, she is not _______ on the outside but truly _______ inside.描述贡献/成就好句1. She has _______ a large part of her life to _______ the ancient caves.2. He _______ with creative ideas that made a real _______ to the community.3. Through years of hard work, she has turned an _______ job into a great _______.4. Her _______ on others will last forever, like _______ that keep growing.结尾好句1. From his story, I have _______ up my _______ to live a _______ life and make a _______.2. Let's learn from the _______ — be _______ rather than just _______.3. If everyone _______ a _______, the world will become a better place.4. Finding _______ in life is the first step to living a life that truly _______.写作练习题目：请以 "The Person Who Has Influenced Me Most" 为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。写作提示：1. 这个人是谁？他/她做了什么？2. 他/她有哪些优秀的品质？（如devotion, kindness, determination等）3. 他/她是如何影响你的？（用本单元核心短语：make a difference, live a meaningful life, devote oneself to 等）4. 你从中学到了什么？你的决心是什么？（make up one's mind to...）单词词性音标(___ )中文释义(___ )教材出处例句/用法提示cactusn.____________A cactus can survive in very dry conditions.lotusn.____________The lotus grows in water and looks beautiful.pinen.____________The pine tree stays green all year round.survivev.____________These plants can survive in harsh conditions.conditionn.____________Living conditions in the desert are very harsh.单词词性音标(___ )中文释义(___ )教材出处例句/用法提示peanutn.____________The peanut plant has small, yellow flowers.essayn.____________My father wrote an essay about peanuts.pityn.____________It's a pity that the peanuts are hidden underground.unusedadj.____________The land went unused for years.seedn.____________Every seed has the potential to grow.harvestn./v.____________Autumn is the time of harvest.celebrationn.____________The harvest celebration was held in the village.attractiveadj.____________The flowers are attractive to insects.bear(bore/borne)v.____________The tree bears fruit every year.dig(dug)v.____________You have to dig deep to find the peanuts.stemn.____________The stem of the peanut plant is not very tall.expectv.____________We expect the peanuts to grow well.compared withprep.____________Compared with the apple tree, the peanut plant is low.单词词性音标(___ )中文释义(___ )教材出处例句/用法提示interestingadj.____________-ing形容词：描述事物特征，“令人……的”excitingadj.____________-ing形容词；修饰事物；an exciting experiencesatisfiedadj.____________-ed形容词：描述人的感受；搭配：be satisfied withexcitedadj.____________-ed形容词；搭配：be excited about/atworriedadj.____________-ed形容词；搭配：be worried abouttiredadj.____________-ed形容词；搭配：be tired of 厌烦annoyedadj.____________-ed形容词；搭配：be annoyed at/withchallengedadj.____________-ed形容词；搭配：be challenged by单词/短语词性音标(___ )中文释义(___ )教材出处例句/用法提示meaningn.____________What is the meaning of life?devotev.____________⚠️重点：devote...to... 中to为介词，后接名词/doingfeaturen.____________The feature story is about a special person.digitalizev.____________Fan came up with the idea of digitalizing the caves.treasuren.____________The Dunhuang caves are a treasure of Chinese culture.contributionn.____________She made great contributions to protecting Dunhuang.ordinaryadj.____________An ordinary person can do extraordinary things.purposen.____________Find your purpose in life.influencen./v.____________Her mother had a great influence on her.lend a handphrase____________We should lend a hand to people in need.短语中文释义(___ )例句（补充划线部分）devote oneself to______She has _______ a large part of her life to _______ and _______ the ancient Dunhuang caves.come up with______Fan _______ the _______ of digitalizing the caves.make a difference______Make a _______ in others' lives.live a meaningful life______Amy and Daniel are talking about how to _______ a _______ life.compare with_____________ with being useful, looking for attention is not that important.take the lead______My sister _______ the _______ in the discussion.go to waste______It's a pity to let it go to _______.stay up late______We _______ up _______ that night celebrating.dig out______Until you _______ it _______, you can't tell.keep a balance between______It's important to keep a _______ between work and play.try one's best to do______He _______ his _______ to help others.make up one's mind to______I have _______ up my _______ to live my life just like him.have a heart full of love______He has a heart _______ of love.find purpose in life______Find your _______ in life and follow it.judge...by...______We can _______ how meaningful our lives are _______ how many people we help.例句分析Seeing them enjoying the food brings Amy great happiness.Seeing them enjoying the food 整个动名词短语作主语，谓语brings用单数Showing kindness to others is an important part of living a good life.Showing kindness to others 动名词短语作主语；of后living也是动名词作介词宾语She likes cooking dinner for them.cooking dinner for them 动名词短语作动词likes的宾语An important part of living a good life is helping others.living 作介词o f的宾语；helping 作动名词在表语位置例句分析Seeing them enjoying the food brings Amy great happiness.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事；enjoying作them的宾补I saw the children playing in the park yesterday.saw the children playing 看见孩子们正在玩耍；playing作宾补表正在进行的动作例句分析The peanut has an amazing quality.amazing（令人惊叹的）作前置定语修饰quality，表事物的特征The question is interesting.interesting（有趣的）作表语，描述question的特征It was an exciting experience for all of us.exciting（令人兴奋的）作前置定语修饰experience例句分析The boss is satisfied with John's job.satisfied（感到满意的）作表语，主语是人（the boss）She was interested in the story.interested（感到有兴趣的）作表语，搭配：be interested inThe children looked excited about the trip.excited（感到兴奋的）作表语，搭配：be excited aboutHe was worried about the result.worried（担忧的）作表语，搭配：be worried about对比项-ing 形容词-ed 形容词含义令人……的（主动意义）感到……的（被动意义）描述对象通常描述事物/事件的特征通常描述人的感受/状态主语物/事（也可修饰人的行为、言语等）人（或拟人化的动物）例句The book is interesting.I am interested in the book.例句The news is exciting.We are excited about the news.例句an amazing qualitya satisfied boss-ing 例句-ed 例句The story is interesting. (故事本身有趣)I am interested in the story. (我对故事感兴趣)The game was exciting. (比赛令人兴奋)The children were excited. (孩子们感到兴奋)The question is challenging. (问题具有挑战性)She felt challenged by the question. (她感到被挑战)