广东省惠州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题含答案

这是一份广东省惠州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题含答案，共6页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，应用文写作，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
Cme Jin Our Watch: Becme a Citizen Scientist
Cral reefs(珊瑚礁) prvide fd and shelter fr a rich variety f marine life. They als prtect millins f peple frm castal flding and strms. Hwever, there are nt enugh scientists t mnitr their health, and this is where yu can help. CralWatch, a citizen science prgram, uses the Cral Health Chart t measure changes in cral clur assciated with cral bleaching(白化). The chart is easy t use and allws anyne t get invlved withut special training.
Steps t Use the Cral Health Chart
Chse a randm cral and select the lightest area. Find the clsest clur match and recrd the clur cde(代码). Then select the darkest area f the same cral and recrd that clur cde.Try t mnitr at least.20 crals per survey.
Tips fr Mnitring
Avid measuring the grwing tips f branching and plate crals since they are naturally white.
D nt mnitr blue r purple crals because they have a different bleaching respnse.
Crals are fragile animals. D nt tuch r step n them.
Use a flashlight when diving belw 5m/15 feet due t clr lss at depth.
Dn't just recrd bleached crals. Aim fr a representative sample f all cral clrs.
Reef Clur Scre Distributin
All data is publicly available in the glbal database at bar graph abve shws the distributin f clur scres fr 20 surveyed crals n a particular reef. Ahealthy reef has a majrity f scres f 3 and mre.
Dn't wait fr cral bleaching t ccur— mnitring healthy reefs is just as imprtant. T get started, request yur free Cral Health Chart nline.
1. What is the purpse f the CralWatch prgram?
A．T cllect data fr gvernment use.
B．T train prfessinal marine scientists.
C．T spread knwledge f Cral reefs.
D．T engage citizens in cral mnitring.
2. What is advised when mnitring cral reef health?
A．Including purple crals in surveys.
B．Recrding crals f varius clrs.
C．Measuring tips f branching crals.
D．Aviding using an underwater light.
3. Why can the particular reef be cnsidered healthy, accrding t the bar graph?
A．Because 30% f the surveyed crals n it scred 3.
B．Because 45% f the surveyed crals n it scred 4.
C．Because 75% f the surveyed crals n it scred 3 and mre.
D．Because 85% f the surveyed crals n it scred 3 and mre.
B
All my life I've been bad at sprts. At schl I was always pretending t be sick n the annual sprts day, and I had a standing nte frm my mther t excuse me frm physical educatin classes due t. my“bad ft”.
Even after I. started exercising regularly in my mid-20s, I never jined my friends' ftballteams. Then, last year, a friend invited me t her birthday“kickabut”—a casual game f ftball. Had we been less clse, I might have made my excuses. Instead, I turned up,determined t eep as far away frm the ball as pssible. T my great surprise,I enjyed myself.
Instead f running. dwn the clck n the sidelines,I gt swept up in the game, rting fr my team t scre. A year later, the kickabut is nt nly still ging, but it's grwn frm five r six friends t a team f abut 40. Every ther Sunday, we meet and play at ur lcal sprts center.
What keeps me turning up every Sunday? Unexpectedly, it is nt the scializing r the exercise. I lve the sense f challenging myself. with zer expectatin— r even hpe— f ever being actually skillful.
Why des it feel s gd t be bad at smething?“Amateurish(业余的) cmes frm theLatin, meaning‘ne wh lves’,” explains authr Karen Walrnd. Her new bk In Defense fDabbling makes the case fr“intentinal amateurism”: finding an activity we' re drawn t but nt necessarily naturally gd at, and sticking with it anyway.
There are tw reasns t pursue intentinal amateurism. First, it challenges the idea that we must always be prductive r cnstantly imprve urselves. Teaching yurself t ck, fr instance, is smething yu might d simply fr persnal enjyment. Secnd, even thugh yu might never imprve, yu' ll definitely experience benefits, which can flw int yur daily life,says Walrnd.
4. What can be inferred abut the authr's view f sprts during schl days?
A．He enjyed team games.
B．He fund them challenging.
C．He tried t avid participatin.
D．He valued physical exercise.
5. What makes the authr keep jining the weekly ftball game?
A．Pleasure f pure challenge.
B．Need fr regular physical exercise.
C．Active interactin with friends.
D．Desire t becme skillful at ftball.
6. What des“intentinal amateurism” advcate?
A．Engaging in prductive hbbies.
B．Develping talents in varius fields.
C．Enhancing prfessinal prductivity.
D．Enjying activities withut skill pressure.
7. What des the authr's experience shw?
A．Hard wrk pays ff.
B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Friendship fuels grwth.
D．Prcess utweighs the utcme.
C
Even small changes in hw peple mve thrugh envirnments can significantly affect animal behavir and culd have implicatins fr wildlife cnservatin effrts, a new study finds.
Animals are influenced by bth direct human presence and human-caused envirnmental changes, such as agriculture and urbanizatin. Researchers frm Yale and mre than 50 rganizatins cllabrated(合作) glbally. Fr the first time ever, they used mbile phne data, paired with satellite-derived measurements f human habitat disturbance, t investigate hw these tw factrs, separately and in cmbinatin, impact animal habitat use.
Fr six years, they tracked 37 species acrss the U. S. using GPS devices, cllecting 11.8 millin lcatin pints frm mre than 4,500 animals. “It has been challenging t capture the impact f human presence n wildlife,” says Oliver, a leading researcher, “mbile device data are typically nt available, but ur study was made pssible between 2019 and 2020 when human activity decreased.” This enabled researchers t separate the effects f human presence n animal behavir frm lnger-term landscape changes such as urban develpment and agriculture.
The findings were striking: ver 65% f species changed behavir due t human presence, especially in natural settings. But different species respnded differently. Many reduced the amunt f space they used, prbably t avid peple, but thers respnded in the ppsite way.Fr example, ravens cvered mre grund, likely taking advantage f fd surces linked t peple, while cytes tended t restrict their mvements. The study als fund that individual animals culd adjust their behavir frm year t year, demnstrating sme flexibility in respnse t changing human activity.
This research highlights that prtecting wildlife needs mre than just preserving habitats. It als requires careful management f human activity timing and intensity, like limiting traffic during key perids r reducing disturbance in certain areas. “The cutting-edge technlgy used in this study allws us t see, with unprecedented(前所未有的) detail, hw variable wildlife respnses t human activities really are,” says Sctt Yanc, a research eclgist. “This means that cnservatin strategies need t be very targeted, nt ne-size-fits-all.”
8. What is unique abut the new study?
A．It emphasizes peple's cnservatin effrts.
B．It fcuses n the small changes in envirnment.
C．It invlves experts frm mre than 50 glbal rganizatins.
D．It studies tw human-related factrs individually and jintly.
9. Hw did the researchers carry ut the study?
A．By using self-made tls.
B．By adpting high-tech means.
C．By tracking animals in labs.
D．By changing animal habitats.
10. What can we learn frm the findings f the study?
A．Animals tend t keep their distance.
B．Animals are becming mre aggressive.
C．Animals shw varied and flexible adaptatins.
D．Animals prefer t live in urban envirnments.
11. What des the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
A．Mre technlgy is needed t track animal behavir.
B．Prtecting wildlife shuld priritize habitat prtectin.
C．Wildlife prtectin plans shuld suit different cnditins.
D．Human presence shuld be reduced in wildlife prtectin areas.
D
Buildings cntribute significantly t glbal carbn emissins(排放), particularly during the prductin f materials like cement. Traditinal cncrete prductin is ne f the wrld's largest surces f carbn dixide(CO₂). If we can switch t materials that nt nly reduce emissins but actually absrb CO₂, we can make a substantial difference in fighting climate change.
Nw, a team f scientists at ETH Zurich has develped a remarkable new building material that cntains living bacteria. These bacteria are specially selected t turn CO₂ frm the air int slid minerals. While regular cncrete releases CO₂ during prductin, this material absrbs it,helping t reduce greenhuse gas emissins.
Inside the material, the bacteria are fed nutrients including calcium. When they“eat”, they react with CO₂ in the air t prduce slid calcium carbnate. This prcess is similar t hw seashells frm in nature. Over time, the bacteria help the material grw strnger while trapping mre CO₂. The scientists made the material prus(透气的), with numerus tiny hles, which give bacteria plenty f rm t live and allw air t pass thrugh s that the bacteria can capture CO₂ efficiently.
Beynd its carbn-capturing ability, this material ffers ther benefits. Its prductin cnsumes less energy than regular cncrete and is sustainable. The bacteria als require n special care— nly a small amunt f fd and suitable cnditins. If a piece breaks, it can heal(愈合) itself. The bacteria can repair small breaks by prducing mre calcium carbnate,just as skin heals a cut. This self-repair ability helps buildings last lnger and require less maintenance.
The research team is still perfecting their creatin. They aim t make sure the material is strng enugh fr real-wrld applicatins and determine the best ways t prduce it n a large scale. There are als questins abut hw the bacteria will behave ver many years and in different climates. Still, the early results are very prmising. This living building material culd ffer a win-win slutin: helping t build the cities f tmrrw while als cleaning up the air tday.
12. What is stressed in the first paragraph?
A．The prductin f cncrete.
B．The need fr green materials.
C．The causes f climate change.
D．The ways f emissin reductin.
13. Why is the new building material special?
A．It cnsists f slid minerals.
B．It traps CO₂ and absrbs it.
C．It cntains nutrient-free bacteria.
D．It emits zer CO₂ during prductin.
14. Why des the authr mentin “skin heals a cut” in paragraph 4?
A．T shw the similar functin.
B．T stress daily maintenance.
C．T explain chemical reactins.
D．T describe suitable cnditins.
15. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Self-Repairing Ec-Friendly Bacteria
B．Prmising Actin fr Climate Change
C．A Living CO₂-Trapping Building Material
D．An Energy-Saving Alternative fr Building
七选五
The curage t start ugly— t begin befre we feel prepared— is the birthplace f real persnal grwth. We are trained t chase perfectin. T wait until we. feel“ready.” 16. Just embrace yur ugly start, and yu will transfrm yur life grwth jurney.
It's kay t feel uncertain, verwhelmed, r even terrified when yu decide t start frm a place that feels messy r unplished. 17. Everyne, n matter hw successful r accmplished,has std where yu are nw—— n the edge f the unknwn, dubting if their first step will be gd enugh.
Maybe yu' re feeling stuck r afraid t start because yur effrts might lk ugly.Remember this: yur wrth is nt tied t perfectin. Yu dn't have t wait fr the“right mment” t begin. 18. Give yurself permissin t be imperfect, t stumble, t learn, and t grw.
19. Say t yurself,“I am allwed t be a beginner. I am allwed t be imperfect. My grwth is a jurney, nt a race.” The mindset can sften the pressure and pen space fr creativity and prgress.
Surrund yurself with peple wh celebrate yur effrts, nt just yur utcmes. Seek ut supprtive cmmunity r mentrs wh understand that starting ugly is part f the prcess. 20. Yu just need t take a deep breath and take ne small step. N matter hw imperfect, that step is yur cmmitment t yur wn grwth. Celebrate it. Yu are already braver than yu realize.
A．Yu are nt alne in this experience.
B．Dubt stps us frm taking the first step.
C．It takes time t get ready fr yur first attempt.
D．Actually, waiting fr perfectin is what ften hlds us back.
E．The value lies in the curage yu shw by simply beginning.
F．Share yur struggles penly and it helps build real cnnectin.
G．When dubt sets in, acknwledge it gently instead f battling it.
二、完形填空
I used t think parenting meant clearly stating expectatins and then a cnversatin with my sn Ben taught me therwise.
One evening, I asked Ben t take the garbage ut but he said it's his lder sister Abby's 21. ______. I raised my vice,“Excuse me? Yu’ ll take the garbage ut because I asked yu t.”“NO!” Ben shuted, quickly returning t his rm and 22. ______ t talk fr hurs.
Initially, I was frustrated. Why was he deliberately 23. ______? But nce I calmed dwn and 24. ______, I realized smething essential—— he was standing up fr his 25. ______. Abby had gymnastics mst evenings, leaving Ben t handle garbage duty mre 26. ______. While I believe children shuld listen t their parents, I 27. ______ that we shuld listen t them carefully, t.
The next time, I apprach the situatin 28. ______: “Ben, Yu’ re right— yu have taken it ut mre than yur 29. ______ lately, and I 30. ______ that. Since Abby isn't hme, it ften falls t yu. I still need yur help tnight, but I' ll make sure Abby 31. ______ it if she's hme.” “OK Mm, I' ll d it.” It turns ut that his 32. ______ was never truly abut the chre(琐事) but abut his intense belief in 33. ______. A simple parenting mment brught an unexpected lessn: give yur child permissin t be 34. ______ and understand why he respnds the way. The mst pwerful shifts in cmmunicatin happen nt when yu speak luder, but when yu listen 35. ______.
21. A．fault B．turn C．decisin D．intentin
22. A．managing B．waiting C．refusing D．expecting
23. A．difficult B．helpful C．careless D．silent
24. A．rested B．reflected C．wandered D．stretched
25. A．pleasure B．pride C．image D．truth
26. A．efficiently B．frequently C．slwly D．regularly
27. A．dubted B．ignred C．recgnized D．imagined
28. A．differently B．anxiusly C．cldly D．rutinely
29. A．strength B．need C．limit D．share
30. A．appreciate B．recrd C．allw D．remember
31. A．talks abut B．asks fr C．thinks highly f D．takes care f
32. A．genersity B．resistance C．selfishness D．preference
33. A．hnesty B．discipline C．fairness D．independence
34. A．directed B．praised C．heard D．prtected
35. A．earlier B．lnger C．quicker D．deeper
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As spring is starting t stir, Ye Liqin, a 38-year-ld c-funder f a guesthuse in Sngyang cunty, Zhejiang prvince, begins her annual practice. She kneads(揉) wild herbs int sticky rice dugh, 36. ______ (prepare) traditinal Qingming cakes(Qingming gu), which have becme bth a 37. ______ (seasn) ffering and a gift t her guests.
Dating back t ancient times when Qingming cakes 38. ______ (use) as ceremnial fferings, they remain 39. ______ essential part f the regin's fd culture. Fr Ye, wh returned t her hmetwn in 2014 t start her business, Qingming cakes represent a link full f 40. ______ (memry) t her childhd. As a yung girl with n tys, helping her grandmther make these cakes was never a chre, but a jyful activity 41. ______ bnded her with the lder generatin.
“Our hmemade Qingming cakes retain(保留) the rts and fibers f the plants,” she said, “they truly capture the essence f spring.” And she recalled hw the wild herbs, 42. ______ (harvest) at exactly the right time, added a distinctive and natural flavr. Fr Ye, her family's practice f preserving the cakes carries an 43. ______ (equal) prfund meaning.
This simple green bite carries the weight f generatins. It stands 44. ______ a quiet reminder t slw dwn, t taste the beauty f the seasn, 45. ______ t hnr the hands that have kept cultural heritage alive.
四、应用文写作
46. 假定你是李华。你的外教 Jhn为“Daily Exercise, Better Me”活动设计了三个图标。他向同学们征集意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你最喜欢的图标；
2.你的原因。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jhn,
Thanks fr sharing yur icn designs fr “Daily Exercise, Better Me”.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、读后续写
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sarah lived in a crwded neighburhd. Grey seemed t be the nly clur there. There were n parks fr children. The air always smelled bad. Frm her windw, Sarah had a cnstant view f an abandned piece f land. The grund was cvered with ld tyres(轮胎), brken glass, and plastic bags. Peple called it“the dead yard”. N ne cared abut it. It seemed impssible fr anything beautiful t grw in such a dark place.
There was nwhere t g, and n safe place fr children t play. Peple just stayed inside their small apartments all day. Except fr a quick“hell”, the neighburs rarely talked r visited each ther. They lived s clse, but they were s far apart.
One rainy Saturday, Sarah read an article abut“Tiny Frests”. The article taught peple hw t make a real frest in a small city yard. It said if yu planted many native trees very clse tgether, their rts wuld help each ther. They grew ten times faster than nrmal frests. These tiny frests culd cl the busy streets, reduce nise, and bring back birds and butterflies. The article even gave a step-by-step guide t get permissin frm the city gvernment.
Sarah lked at the clurful phts f green leaves in the article. Then she lked dwn at“the dead yard”. The cntrast was sharp and painful. She had a bld(大胆的) idea. She decided t turn this frgtten crner int a shared garden fr the cmmunity.
The jurney was far frm easy. After mnths f effrt, Sarah finally received permissin.
Sarah was very excited. But when she walked int the dead yard, her smile stpped. She lked at the heavy tyres, the dirty metal, and the big muntain f rubbish. She realised that she culd never finish this hard wrk alne. She turned t ask her neighbrs fr help. Unfrtunately, few were willing t jin. Mst lked n dubtfully. Sme even tried t discurage her.“Dn't waste yur time,” ne neighbur said cldly.“This is the dead yard. Nthing can grw well here.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ignring their dubts, Sarah started t wrk n her wn.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mre neighburs jined in and“the dead yard” slwly came alive.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
阅读理解
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.C
七选五
16.D 17.A 18.E 19.G 20.F
完形填空
21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.B 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.D 30.A 31.D 32.B 33.C 34.C 35.D
语法填空
36.preparing 37.seasnal 38.were used 39.an 40.memries
41.that/which 42.harvested 43.equally 44.as 45.and
应用文范文
Dear Jhn,
Thanks fr sharing yur icn designs fr “Daily Exercise, Better Me”.
Amng the three icns, I like the ne with a running teenager best.
First, the lively figure fully shws the energy f daily sprts. Besides, the bright warm clurs stand fr the psitive changes exercise brings t us. What’s mre, it is simple and easy t remember, perfectly matching the theme.
I hpe my pinin can be helpful t yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
读后续写范文
Ignring their dubts, Sarah started t wrk n her wn. Every day after schl, she carried rubbish bags t clear waste, remving tyres and brken glass piece by piece. Tired as she was, she never gave up. Sme kids watched her curiusly and began t help pick up plastic bags. Sarah shared the tiny frest article with them, telling them the yard wuld becme a green paradise full f plants and birds. Their small effrts gradually attracted a few passers-by t stp and watch silently.
Mre neighburs jined in and“the dead yard” slwly came alive. Adults brught saplings, sil and gardening tls. Everyne wrked tgether, planting native trees and clearing weeds. Sn green leaves cvered the grund, butterflies flew arund and birds built nests. Neighburs chatted while taking care f plants, becming clse friends. The nce grey dead yard turned int a warm shared garden, prving that small curage culd bring amazing changes t the whle cmmunity.