初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B课前预习ppt课件

这是一份初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B课前预习ppt课件，共52页。PPT课件主要包含了学习目标，safe，formal，proper，possible，friendly，direct，tidy，healthy，perfect等内容，欢迎下载使用。
能够理解形容词否定前缀un-和in-/im-的意义，并在语境中正确使用形容词或其否定形式。
能够掌握含有后缀-ing/-ed的成对形容词的意义区别并在语境中准确运用这两类形容词。
能够使用所学单词完成有关筷子文化的语篇，理解语篇的主旨和内涵，加深对亚洲筷子文化的了解，并能简要介绍使用筷子的礼仪。
In Japan, bwing t greet thers is , while giving a high-five is .
Is it frmal r infrmal?
In Thailand, tuching smene’s head is , but greeting with a “wai” is .
Is it prper r imprper?
In Mexic, greeting with a hug and kiss n the cheek is , but a handshake is between clse friends.
Let’s learn
adj. “安全的，无风险的”名词：safety 安全反义词： unsafe 不安全的
状态安全：Is the water safe t drink?（这水安全吗？）位置安全：Yu are safe here.（你在这儿很安全。）结果安全：The missing child was fund safe.（失踪的孩子被找到了，安然无恙。）
adj. “正式的，合规的”名词：frmality 正式手续 副词： frmally 正式地反义词：infrmal 非正式的
正式的 / 合规的：指遵循规则、礼仪或官方程序Eg. Yu need t make a frmal cmplaint in writing.形式上的 / 拘谨的：指不随意、保持距离的态度Eg. Their cnversatin was stiff and frmal.（谈话生硬而拘谨）
adj. “恰当的，得体的”名词：prpriety 得体 副词： prperly 恰当地反义词：imprper 不恰当的
Eg. Please fllw the prper prcedure.请遵守恰当的程序。Eg. This is a prper meal, nt a snack.这是正经的一餐，不是零食。
adj. “可能的”名词：pssibility 可能性 副词：pssibly 可能地反义词：impssible不可能的
It is pssible (fr sb) t d sth 对某人来说做某事是可能的 pssible：尽可能……make it pssible (fr sb) t d：使……成为可能if pssible：如果可能的话
adj. “友好的；友善的”名词：friendliness 友善 反义词：unfriendly不友善的
常用介词搭配：friendly t/twards sb：对某人友好friendly with sb：与某人关系要好（相互的）Eg. She’s friendly t everyne, but I’m friendly with her.
adj. “直接的；直率的”名词：directin 方向副词：directly 直接地 反义词：indirect 间接的
指路线/联系：a direct flight直飞航班；指人/说话：direct and hnest直率诚实常见搭配：be direct with sb对某人坦率Eg. She was direct with me abut the prblem.
adj. “整洁的；井井有条的”名词：tidiness 整洁副词：tidily 整洁地 反义词：untidy 不整洁的
固定搭配：keep / leave sth tidy（保持整洁）具体事物：a tidy desk / rm抽象事物：a tidy mind（清晰的头脑）
adj. “健康的”名词：health 健康副词：healthily 健康地 反义词：unhealthy 不健康的
形容人或动物：Eg. Stay healthy by exercising.形容生活方式/习惯：Eg. a healthy diet / lifestyle形容经济/关系：状况良好的、兴旺的 Eg. a healthy ecnmy
adj. “完美的；理想的”副词：perfectly 完美地 反义词：imperfect 不完美的
指状态/品质：a perfect day / smile （完美的一天）指非常适合：This car is perfect fr camping.指完全的（强调语气）：a perfect stranger完全陌生的人
adj. “重要的；重大的”名词：imprtance 重要性副词：imprtantly 健康地 反义词：unimprtant 不重要的
句型It is imprtant (fr sb) t d sth. 做某事对某人来说是重要的Eg. It’s imprtant t arrive n time.Eg. It’s imprtant fr children t get enugh sleep.
adj. “常见的；普遍的；共同的”名词：cmmnality 共同点副词：cmmnly 通常地 反义词：uncmmn 不常见的
常见的事物：a cmmn prblem / mistake / name普遍的看法：It's cmmn knwledge that...（…是常识）共同点：cmmn interests / gals固定搭配：in cmmn（共同之处）
adj. “正确的”名词：crrectin 改正；更正副词：crrectly 正确地 反义词：incrrect 不正确的
crrect: 侧重客观事实、标准答案，语气稍正式right: 日常口语、道德判断，语气更随意
Let’s learn ppsite adjectives!
Write dwn the negative frms f the adjectives in the bx using un- r in-/im-.
safe frmal prper pssiblefriendlydirecttidy healthy perfect imprtantcmmncrrect
un-: ________________________________________________________
unfriendly, untidy, unhealthy, unimprtant, uncmmn, unhappy
im- / in-: __________________________________________________
infrmal, imprper,
impssible, imperfect, incrrect, indirect
Presentatin
译为“不 (是)”“无”“非”等。
加在单词前面 ,可变为该词的反义词 ,
dis- 表否定
agree 同意
disagree
like 喜欢
dislike
active 积极的
inactive
ability 能力
inability
im- 是 in- 变体，用于 b/m/p 开头单词前
pssible 可能的
impssible
prper 恰当的
imprper
patient 耐心的
impatient
适用词基类型：仅接以唇音字母 m / p 开头的形容词或名词。接m开头词基：mral → immral（不道德的）、mature → immature（不成熟的）接p开头词基：pssible → impssible（不可能的）、patient → impatient（不耐烦的）、plite → implite（不礼貌的）
3. in- 的用法适用词基类型：接以非 m / p 开头的形容词或名词，是 im- 的基础形式。常见搭配：direct → indirect（间接的）、dependent → independent（独立的）、finite → infinite（无限的）、 justice → injustice（不公）
un- 表否定，加在形容词前, 直接否定属性或状态。加在动词前, 表示 “逆转、取消原动作”; 加在名词前：表示 “否定状态或相反事物”。
lucky幸运的
unlucky
cmfrtable舒适的
uncmfrtable
rest n. 休息
否定前缀 un- / im- / in- , 三者均为否定前缀，加在词基前表示“不、非、无”的含义
1. un- 的用法适用词基的类型：可接形容词和动词，少数接名词。接形容词：happy → unhappy（不开心的）、healthy → unhealthy（不 健康的）、fair → unfair（不公平的）接动词：d → und（撤销）、cver → uncver（揭开）、lck → unlck（解锁）接名词：rest → unrest（动荡）、emplyment → unemplyment（失业）
sense n. 感觉
alchlic（含酒精的 ）
mis- 表否定, 核心是 “错误性”描述动作的偏差或结果的不当。
place v. 放置
understand v. 理解
misunderstand
frtune n. 运气
1.Saying “hi” is an ________ way t greet thers. (frmal)2.It is ________ t pint at peple in many cuntries. (plite)3.The hst is certainly _______ when yu enjy yurself at their party. (happy)4.Peple usually dress in frmal clthes when visiting sme public places such as cncert halls. It is ________ t wear shrts, shrt skirts, r jeans there.(prper)5.In sme cultures, it is OK t be late smetimes. Peple are ________ even if their meetings dn’t start n time. (patient)
Cmplete the sentences with the crrect frms f the adjectives in brackets.
pint at 指着离说话人比较近的人或者物pint t 指着离说话人比较远的人或者物
Lk at the cmpund wrds in the bx. D yu knw what they mean? Cmplete the sentences using five f these wrds.
1. A: Did yu understand the rules? I fund them cnfused / cnfusing. B: I was cnfused / cnfusing at first t, but Mr Thmpsn explained them t me.2. A: Isn’t it excited / exciting that James will marry Jennifer next mnth? B: Yes! I’m s excited / exciting, and I can’t wait t cngratulate them.3. A: Sally was a little embarrassed / embarrassing just nw. She wished her friend happy birthday n the wrng date. B: Oh n! That can be embarrassed / embarrassing.
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the wrds in the bx.
nrmallast mannerprperchallenge
In many Asian cuntries, it is ________ fr peple t eat with chpsticks. There are many rules and traditins abut hw t use chpsticks _________.Firstly, dn’t stick yur chpsticks int fd. That is very bad ________. Secndly, dn’t pull dishes clse t yu with yur chpsticks.Thirdly, dn’t pint at thers with yur chpsticks r wave them abut when yu talk. _______, hld yur chpsticks crrectly. Using chpsticks lks easy, but it can actually be a little __________. The key thing is t keep trying. With plenty f practice, anyne can learn t use chpsticks well!
challenging
Read and fill
Read and fill in the blanks.
cmmn, nrmal in many Asian cuntries; many rules and traditins t use chpsticks prperly
1. Dn't _______ chpsticks _______fd (bad manners).2. Dn't pull dishes with chpsticks.3. Dn't ________ thers r wave chpsticks when talking.4. Hld chpsticks ___________.
Using chpsticks is a bit challenging but gets easier with practice; keep trying and yu can learn t use them well!
stick int
Language pints
1. Isn’t it exciting that James will marry Jennifer next mnth? 詹姆斯下个月要和詹妮弗结婚了，难道不令人兴奋吗？
marry sb. 嫁给某人 / 和某人结婚
e.g. She married a dctr. 她嫁给了一位医生。
【拓展】get married 结婚（强调动作） get married t sb. 和某人结婚
e.g. They gt married last year. 他们去年结婚了。 She gt married t a teacher. 她嫁给了一位老师。
be married 已婚的（强调状态）
e.g. He is married t a famus singer. 他和一位著名歌手结婚了。
① can’t wait t d sth. 迫不及待地做某事
e.g. I can’t wait t read this science fictin. 我迫不及待地想看这本科幻小说。
2. I’m s excited, and I can’t wait t cngratulate them. 我太兴奋了，都等不及要去祝贺他们了。
【拓展】can’t wait fr sth. 急切地等某事
e.g. I can’t wait fr the vacatin. 我急切地等待假期的到来。
② cngratulate v. 祝贺 cngratulate sb. 祝贺某人 cngratulate sb. n sth. 因某事祝贺某人
e.g. I cngratulated him n his success. 我祝贺他成功。 She cngratulated me n passing the exam. 她祝贺我通过了考试。
【拓展】cngratulatin n. 祝贺（常用复数）
cngratulatins t sb. n sth. 在某方面祝贺某人
e.g. Cngratulatins t yu n passing the exam. 祝贺你通过了考试。
一、根据语境,用否定前缀（un-、in-、im-）和动词的-ing/-ed形式,将所给单词变形并填空,再按逻辑给句子按A-E排序。
1. ___Als,in Asian cuntries,it’s _________（prper） t stick chpsticks upright in the fd. This will make thers ____________（disappint）.2. ___These ________（usual） cultural differences can be __________（interest） t learn abut.3. ___When visiting ther cuntries, __________（familiar） custms can be __________（surprise） at first.
disappinted
interesting
4. ___S,it’s gd t knw these rules—therwise,we may d smething ___________（cmmn） and make peple feel _________（cnfuse）.5. ___In many Western cuntries,it’s ________（plite） t ask peple abut their age,which makes them feel ____________（embarrass）.
embarrassed
二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文意思完整、通顺。
Different cuntries have different custms.6. _________ we’re eating,chatting,r meeting smene new,they guide hw we act. Learning them helps us get 7. ______ with peple frm ther places. Firstly,table 8. ________ differ（不同） a lt. In India,eating with hands is 9. ______,especially with fds like curry and rice,but in France,yu need a knife and 10. _____.Hw interesting!
Secndly,saying “n” crrectly is 11. ___________.In Mexic,peple might nd slwly t mean “n”,because they dn’t want t sund bad. While in Germany,they’ll say it directly. They think it’s better t be 12. ______ than t cnfuse thers. 13. ________,greeting manners vary. In Krea,14. ________ a little shws respect,but in Brazil,a warm hug wrks better. Lastly,knwing these 15. ________ manners lets us make friends wrldwide. It’s nt always easy,but it’s ttally wrth it!#1.5
从方框中选出下列句子中黑体单词的词义。
manner
1.His manner twards thers is always friendly.( )2.She finished the wrk in a quick manner.( )3.Different cuntries have different manners and custms.( )4.It is bad manners t talk with yur muth full.( )
cheer
5.All my classmates are cheering n their favurite players in the playgrund.( )6.Linda lks a little upset. Let’s g and cheer her up.( )7.After the actress perfrmed，a great cheer went up frm the crwd.( )
crrect
8.The teacher will crrect ur test papers after class.( )9.Yur answer t this maths prblem is crrect.( )10.Please crrect the spelling mistakes in yur hmewrk.( )
cnfused与cnfusing辨析
知识链接：讲解详见背记本P40考点1
1.The new maths prblem is quite __________.I can’t wrk it ut.2.A survey shws 30% f teens feel _________ abut their future jbs.3.I like yur stry,but I’m _________ by the ending. Can yu explain it?4.The guide’s wrds were s __________ that we gt lst.
s…that与s that辨析
知识链接：讲解详见背记本P40考点2
5.他跑得如此快，以至于我们追不上他。He _____ ____ _____ _____ we can’t catch up with him.
6.她每天锻炼，以便能保持健康。She _________ ______ _____ ____ _____ she can keep healthy.
7.He gt up early t catch the first bus.（改为同义句）He gt up early ____ _____ he ______ catch the first bus.
8.The bx is very heavy. I can’t carry it.（改为同义句）The bx is ____ heavy _____ I can’t carry it.
unless的用法
知识链接：讲解详见背记本P40考点39.He will never stp explring the wrld _______ he is t ld t mve n.10.I will g t the park tmrrw unless it _______（snw） heavily.11. ___________________________（除非他穿运动鞋），Mike can’t run fast.
Unless he wears sprts shes
12.I will walk t the nature museum unless it rains this weekend.（改为同义句）I will walk t the nature museum ___ ___ ________ _____ this weekend.
be used t ding sth.与used t d sth.辨析
知识链接：讲解详见背记本P40考点413.I used t _____（take） the bus t schl. But nw I chse t take the subway because it is much was shy befre，but with practice，she is used t _________（speak） in frnt f the class Zhu ________ eat lunch at schl，but nw he __________ bringing his wn lunch frm hme.（used t/be used t）
marry的用法
知识链接：讲解详见背记本P41考点516.Jack and Flra were excited t be ________（结婚的） and began their life they chse _________（marry） in spring r autumn?18.His sister ________（marry） a dentist last Smith gt married ___ a beautiful girl half a mnth ag.
1.Yesterday，I frgt my English bk at hme. It was s ____________ when the teacher asked t check ur bks. I felt really ____________ and didn’t knw what t say. Luckily,this small mistake didn’t __________ me fr lng—my friend shared her bk with me.（embarrass）
embarrassing
2.We must put bks in _______ places in the classrm. Leaving them n the flr is _________.If we put things _________，ur classrm will stay tidy. This small habit helps everyne learn better.（prper）