2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)秘籍05完形填空(词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识)(抢分秘籍)(原卷版+解析)
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这是一份2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)秘籍05完形填空(词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识)(抢分秘籍)(原卷版+解析),共10页。试卷主要包含了词汇复现,瞻前顾后,逻辑推理,生活常识等内容,欢迎下载使用。
目录
一、词汇复现
二、瞻前顾后
三、逻辑推理
四、生活常识
一、词汇复现
高考英语完形填空词汇复现题利用上下文重复信息解题。
1. 原词复现:同一单词在上下文重复出现,直接锁定。
2. 同义复现:近义词或短语替换,如big-large,buy-purchase。
3. 反义复现:通过but/hwever等转折词提示对比关系,选反义词。
4. 上下义复现:总括词与具体词呼应,如fruit-apple。
原则:瞻前顾后找线索,复现关系必成对。四个选项只有一个能与上下文构成复现关系。
易错点1:近义混淆
典例分析(2026北京东城期末)
The cuple quit their city jbs and wrked ______ t transfrm an ld schl bus int a mbile library. They surced 5,000 bks thrugh dnatins and have been serving 12 cmmunities since September 2024.
A. effrtlessly B. fruitlessly C. tirelessly D. fearlessly
正确答案:C (tirelessly)
语境分析:夫妇辞去城市工作,将旧校车改造成移动图书馆,通过捐赠筹集5000本书,服务12个社区
情感色彩:这些行为体现的是投入、奉献精神,需填副词描述他们"日夜工作"的状态
C项"tirelessly"(不知疲倦地)准确表达他们的奉献精神和持续投入
干扰项A"effrtlessly"(毫不费力地)与改造校车、筹集书籍的艰辛矛盾;B"fruitlessly"(徒劳地)与后文成功服务社区矛盾;D"fearlessly"(无畏地)强调勇敢,与语境不符
近义混淆点:四个选项均为副词,描述工作状态。学生易被"-lessly"后缀迷惑,忽略语境需要的核心语义是"投入、勤奋",而非"轻松、无畏"
错选A:看到"-lessly"就选,但"毫不费力"与改造校车的艰辛工作矛盾
核心教训:近义辨析题必须结合语境情感色彩选择最贴切的词,不能只看词缀
变式1:动词近义辨析(2026山东一模)
After mnths f preparatin, the team finally ______ the new sftware platfrm, which immediately attracted ver 10,000 users in the first week.
A. launched B. prceeded C. refrmed D. engaged
正确答案:A (launched)
语境:团队经过数月准备,新软件平台上线后首周吸引过万用户
A项"launched"(推出、发布)特指新产品/服务的首次面世,与"mnths f preparatin"和"new sftware"完美匹配
干扰项B"prceeded"(继续进行)强调继续已有动作,不适用于新品发布;C"refrmed"(改革)强调制度变革;D"engaged"(参与)缺少"推出"的核心语义
近义混淆点:四个动词都可接项目,但只有"launch"专指新品发布
变式2:名词近义辨析(2026大连一模)
The elderly man's face ______ with kindness as he greeted every passerby n his mrning walk. His warm smile became a familiar sight in the neighbrhd.
A. shne B. frze C. relaxed D. trembled
正确答案:A (shne)
语境:老人清晨散步时问候路人,面容充满善意,笑容温暖
A项"shne"(闪耀)与"with kindness"搭配,表示"脸上闪耀着善意",与后文"warm smile"呼应
干扰项B"frze"(冻结)表恐惧;C"relaxed"(放松)虽可形容面容,但无法与"kindness"构成"闪耀"的意境;D"trembled"(颤抖)表紧张或年老颤抖,与善意无关
近义混淆点:形容面部表情的动词中,"shine with + 情感"是固定搭配,表示"流露出某种情感"
变式3:形容词近义辨析(2026南京盐城一模)
The science blgger creates ______ cntent by turning bring and difficult knwledge int funny cmic stries that attract millins f fllwers.
A. infrmal B. intelligent C. amusing D. engaging
正确答案:D (engaging)
语境:科普博主将枯燥难懂的知识变成有趣的漫画故事,吸引数百万粉丝
D项"engaging"(吸引人的)强调内容能吸引受众,与后文"attract millins f fllwers"直接呼应
干扰项A"infrmal"(非正式的)虽可描述风格,但非核心卖点;B"intelligent"(智慧的)偏重知识性;C"amusing"(好笑的)只强调有趣,但"吸引人"比"好笑"更全面
近义混淆点:四个形容词都可描述内容,但"engaging"涵盖"有趣+吸引"双重含义,与"attract"形成词汇复现
易错点2:反义误判
典例分析(2025全国一卷)
Many peple assume that city life is stressful and nisy. Hwever, my experience living in dwntwn Shanghai has been quite the ______. I find the urban envirnment surprisingly peaceful and cnvenient.
A. ppsite B. same C. similar D. different
正确答案:A (ppsite)
前文观点:人们认为城市生活压力大、嘈杂(stressful and nisy)
转折词"Hwever"提示:作者的实际体验与普遍观点相反
后文具体描述:作者发现城市环境"surprisingly peaceful"(出奇宁静)
"peaceful"与"nisy"构成反义,"cnvenient"与"stressful"构成隐含反义
A项"ppsite"精准概括这种完全相反的关系
错选D different:"different"只表示不同,但语境强调"完全相反",程度不够精准。作者体验与普遍观点是反义关系,而非一般差异
错选B/C:same/similar与转折词Hwever直接矛盾
核心教训:转折词提示反义关系时,优先考虑"ppsite/cntrary"等表完全相反的词汇,而非笼统的"different"。
变式1:形容词反义误判(2026广州二模)
Mst peple believe that artificial intelligence will replace human wrkers, leading t mass unemplyment. Cntrary t this predictin, many experts argue that AI will actually ______ new jb pprtunities in fields we can't yet imagine.
A. eliminate B. reduce C. create D. replace
正确答案:C (create)
前文:大多数人认为AI会导致失业(replace wrkers → unemplyment)
"Cntrary t this predictin"明确提示反义关系
后文需填与"unemplyment"(失业)相反的词
C项"create"(创造)与"unemplyment"构成反义:创造就业 vs 导致失业
干扰项A eliminate(消除)、B reduce(减少)、D replace(取代)均与"失业"同向,与反义关系矛盾
反义误判点:学生易被"AI与工作"的话题干扰,忽略"Cntrary t"明确提示的反义方向
变式2:动词反义误判(2026武汉二调)
In many cultures, direct eye cntact is seen as a sign f cnfidence and hnesty. In sme Asian cuntries, hwever, prlnged eye cntact can be interpreted as ______ r disrespectful.
A. respectful B. aggressive C. friendly D. plite
正确答案:B (aggressive)
前文:许多文化中,眼神接触代表自信诚实(正面)
"hwever"提示转折:在某些亚洲国家情况相反
后文需填与"cnfidence and hnesty"(正面)相反的词
B项"aggressive"(挑衅的)是负面评价,与正面形成反义
干扰项A respectful(尊重的)、C friendly(友好的)、D plite(礼貌的)均为正面,与hwever提示的反义关系矛盾
反义误判点:忽略"hwever"的转折作用,误选正面词汇
变式3:副词反义误判(2026南京盐城一模)
The new plicy was intended t simplify the applicatin prcess. In reality, it has ______ made things mre cmplicated fr applicants.
A. therefre B. instead C. cnsequently D. similarly
正确答案:B (instead)
前文:政策意图是简化流程(simplify)
"In reality"提示:实际情况与意图相反
后文:使事情更复杂(mre cmplicated)
"simplify"与"mre cmplicated"构成反义
B项"instead"(反而)表示转折反义,连接意图与结果的相反关系
干扰项A therefre(因此)、C cnsequently(结果)表因果,与意图相反的逻辑不符;D similarly(相似地)表类比,完全错误
反义误判点:学生易根据"made things mre cmplicated"误选因果连接词,忽略"In reality"提示的反义关系
变式4:短语反义误判(2026深圳一模)
We expected the new emplyee t struggle during her first week. On the cntrary, she tk t the jb ______ and was handling tasks independently by day three.
A. awkwardly B. slwly C. effrtlessly D. hesitantly
正确答案:C (effrtlessly)
前文:预期新员工第一周会struggle(吃力应对)
"On the cntrary"明确提示反义关系
后文:三天后就能独立处理任务
需填与"struggle"(吃力)相反的副词
C项"effrtlessly"(毫不费力地)与struggle构成反义
干扰项A awkwardly(笨拙地)、B slwly(缓慢地)、D hesitantly(犹豫地)均与struggle同向,与反义关系矛盾
二、瞻前顾后
高考英语完形填空瞻前顾后是核心秘籍,三句话掌握精髓:
1. 前看三句找线索:空前2-3句常隐藏答案提示,尤其是名词、动词复现或逻辑关系。
2. 后看两句定方向:空后内容往往解释或补充说明选项,验证所选是否合理。
3. 全局视角防陷阱:遇到近义辨析,回看段首主题、瞻仰全文情感基调,避免断章取义。
原则:不孤立看设空句,前后呼应才可靠。线索必在上下文中,答案藏在前后的呼应里。
易错点1: 忽略段首主题
(2026北京西城期末)
文章首句:I grew up in a sciety that places high value n efficiency, always urging us t d mre, achieve mre, and be mre prductive.
(前文略)
The cmpetitin required us t sit still in a public square fr 90 minutes. We culdn't sleep, make any nise, r check ur phnes. Every 15 minutes, the judges came t measure ur heart rates. The persn with the mst stable heartbeat wuld win.
At first, I felt my heart beating faster. But I tried t see it as part f the experience. Instead f fighting the feelings f ______, I simply bserved them like cluds passing by. I tk nte f my wandering mind and gently brught my attentin back t my breath.
In the end, I wn the cmpetitin.
选项:
A. nervusness B. excitement C. curisity D. bredm
正确答案:A (nervusness)
段首主题定基调:文章首句点明核心主题——作者成长于"推崇效率"的社会,倍感压力。全文围绕"寻找平静"展开,暗含焦虑底色
前文线索:"felt my heart beating faster"(心跳加速)是紧张的生理反应
后文呼应:"I simply bserved them"中的"them"指代设空处情绪,且后文"wandering mind"(思绪飘忽)是焦虑的典型表现
A项"nervusness"(紧张)与心跳加速的生理反应直接对应,且符合全文"焦虑→寻找平静"的情感主线
错选B excitement(兴奋):虽可引起心跳加速,但与后文"fighting the feelings"(与情绪抗争)矛盾——兴奋无需"抗争"
错选C curisity(好奇):与心跳加速无必然联系
错选D bredm(无聊):无法解释心跳加速的生理反应
核心教训:脱离段首主题"效率社会导致焦虑"的基调,只看局部"心跳加速"容易误选excitement
变式1:主题词首尾呼应(2026辽宁沈阳一模)
文章首句:I had always dreamed f turning my backyard int a wildlife habitat.
(前文讲述作者挂鸟屋、种花草、请设计师,后院逐渐吸引各种鸟类和动物)
The riginal birdhuse that started it all still hangs empty n the tree. It serves as a ______ that things dn't always g as planned—but smetimes, they turn ut even better.
选项(第54题):
A. reminder B. wrry C. blessing D. dubt
正确答案:A (reminder)
段首主题定方向:首句点明核心——作者梦想将后院变成"野生动物栖息地"
前文回顾:整个故事围绕这一梦想展开,从挂鸟屋到最终建成微型生态系统
设空处分析:最初的鸟屋虽空着,但象征整个过程的起点
A项"reminder"(提醒物)与首句梦想形成呼应:空鸟屋提醒作者"梦想的起点"和"计划赶不上变化"的人生感悟
干扰项B wrry(担忧)、C blessing(祝福)、D dubt(怀疑)均无法体现"空鸟屋"对"最初梦想"的象征意义
忽略段首主题的后果:若只看局部"things dn't always g as planned",可能误选C blessing(祝福),但"空鸟屋"本身不是"祝福",而是"提醒物"
变式2:段首观点贯穿全文(2026大连一模)
文章首句:One day, I rushed thrugh a busy street, tired and stressed. The city's nise and crwds were unbearable.
(中间讲述作者遇到一位乐观老人,老人指给他看枫叶、分享生活智慧)
That encunter ______ me deeply. Nw I walk withut rushing, nticing sunlight and children's laughter.
选项(第9题):
A. affected B. cnfused C. amused D. annyed
正确答案:A (affected)
段首主题定基调:首句"tired and stressed"(疲惫焦虑)奠定全文情感起点——作者处于负面状态
情节发展:遇到乐观老人→老人分享生活智慧→作者态度转变
设空处分析:后文"nw I walk withut rushing"(现在不匆忙了)表明作者发生了积极改变
A项"affected"(影响)准确概括老人对作者的触动,与首句"疲惫"形成"负面→正面"的转变
干扰项B cnfused(困惑)、C amused(逗乐)、D annyed(烦恼)均无法解释后文彻底的改变
忽略段首主题的后果:若只看局部"encunter",可能误选C amused(被逗乐),但后文"不再匆忙"是深层改变,远超出"被逗乐"的浅层情绪
变式3:段首背景决定情感基调(2026组卷网题库)
文章首句:Newbrn babies aren't terrified f the dark. They dn't have a cncept f mnsters hiding under the bed.
(中间讲述作者用夜灯安抚怕黑的女儿,类比自己的写作困境)
In being a parent and a writer, there is n fixed ______. We just have t feel ur way frward, trusting that even in darkness, we'll find the light.
选项(第13题):
A. need B. term C. bnd D. rutine
正确答案:D (rutine)
段首主题定基调:首句通过"婴儿不怕黑"引出核心观点——恐惧是后天习得的,暗示"没有固定模式"
类比结构:育儿(用夜灯)→写作(面对黑暗)→共同点:没有固定方法
设空处分析:"n fixed ______"呼应首句隐含的"没有固定模式"
D项"rutine"(常规、固定程序)准确概括:育儿和写作都没有固定套路,只能摸索前行
干扰项A need(需要)、B term(条款)、C bnd(纽带)均与"固定模式"的核心概念无关
易错点2:跨段线索遗漏
2023年新高考I卷完形填空
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 21 the curse earlier than she did. Her 22 came because she was carrying a 23 acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 24 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 25 t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 26. She culdn‘t. Bailey then 27 t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get 28 attentin.
Once there, Lenue was 29 and later taken t a hspital, where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. She wuld have struggled with extreme 30 t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
As fr Bailey, she is mre 31 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 32. “She was just crying. I culdn‘t 33 her,” Bailey tld the reprter. “I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the 34, they‘ve since becme friends. Neither wn the race, but the 35 f human kindness wn the day.
21. A. designed B. fllwed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. truble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. vlunteer C. classmate D. cmpetitr
31. A. wrried B. ashamed C. cnfused D. discuraged
32. A. game B. prblem C. lessn D. deal
【解题思路与跨段线索分析】
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Melanie Bailey在越野赛中背着受伤的参赛者Danielle Lenue过终点线的善行义举。本题的典型性在于,第31、32题的答案需要跨过两个段落,从文章开头寻找线索。
第一段(第21-23题) 开篇点题:Bailey应该更早完成比赛(21题选D. finished),她的延误(22题选A. delay)是因为她背着一名竞争对手(23题选D. cmpetitr)冲过终点线。这里建立了“预期结果(早完成)”与“实际结果(延误)”的对比。
第二、三段详细描述了她帮助受伤选手的过程:她停下(25题选C. stpped)来帮助Lenue,检查她是否能借助帮助(26题选B. aid)行走,然后弯下腰(27题选D. bent dwn)背起她,将她送到能获得医疗(28题选A. medical)关注的地方。医生评估(29题选B. assessed)了她的伤势。如果没有Bailey的帮助,Lenue将忍受极度疼痛(30题选B. pain)才能到达援助点。
第四段(第31-33题) 转折到Bailey对自己行为的看法。这里需要跨段联系第一段的内容。
31题分析(跨段线索关键点):
根据第一段,我们知道Bailey因为帮助别人而延误了比赛(这是客观事实)。
根据常理,帮助他人导致自己比赛成绩受影响,一般人可能会感到遗憾或觉得自己做了“牺牲”。
但文章第四段首句“As fr Bailey, she is mre 31 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 32”表明,她的态度与常人不同——她对于人们为什么认为她的行为是件“大事”感到困惑。
如果考生只看到第四段,可能会误选“wrried(担忧)”或“ashamed(羞愧)”,但跨段联系第一段她“宁愿延误也要帮助他人”的事实,以及下文她说的“我只是做了正确的事”,可以推断她并不觉得自己做了什么了不起的事,因此对人们的反应感到“困惑”。故31题选C. cnfused。
32题分析:
承接31题,她感到困惑的是为什么她的行为被看作是一件“大事”(a big deal)。
“a big deal”是固定搭配,意为“重要的事;了不起的事”,与她认为自己“只是做了正确的事”形成对比。故32题选D. deal。
本案例的易错点在于遗漏了第一段与第四段之间的逻辑呼应。许多考生在做到第31、32题时,注意力已经完全被吸引到第四段Bailey的言语中,忘记了文章开头埋下的伏笔——她本可以更早完成比赛,但她选择了停下帮助他人。
错选A. wrried:如果只看到第四段,可能会误以为Bailey是对自己的行为可能带来的后果感到“担忧”。
错选B. ashamed:可能误以为她因为延误了比赛而感到“羞愧”。
错选D. discuraged:可能误以为她因为没能正常完成比赛而感到“气馁”。
然而,跨段联系第一段她的选择(宁愿延误也要帮助他人),以及本段她说的“我只是做了正确的事”,可知她对人们的称赞感到的是“困惑”——她并不觉得这是什么惊天动地的大事。只有将第一段与第四段的信息串联起来,才能准确把握作者的情感态度。
变式题1:2025年新高考I卷(跨段线索:前后段落的首尾呼应)
One August afternn, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sld ur huse and we were busy 38 the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided n key items fr the 39 we were mving t in twn, dnated what we culd, and rented a place t 40 ur suppsedly imprtant bjects...
I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10... As ur 44 day drew near, I settled n a new price ($0) and repsted it. The 45 : “I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn't.” In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.
46 , I psted mre...
I sit in my apartment tday, lving each f the 50 that share ur small space. I take 51 in knwing that, smewhere nearby, smene is 52 smething that culdn’t cme with us.
39. A. htel B. ffice C. cttage D. apartment
50. A. giveaways B. psts C. cntributins D. belngings
【解析】
本文讲述作者搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
39题:问的是他们将要搬到哪里。单看第一段,四个选项似乎都有可能。但解题线索在最后一段第一句:“I sit in my apartment tday”。通过这个跨段线索,可以明确他们搬到了“公寓”,故39题选D. apartment。
50题:问作者现在坐在公寓里,爱着什么。前文讲她赠送了很多东西,但最后一段说的是“在我们的小空间里分享的...”。根据最后一句“smene is 52 smething that culdn‘t cme with us(有人正在欣赏着我们没能带来的东西)”反向推断,这些东西是“没能带来的”,那么现在她公寓里有的,应该是她自己的“所有物”,而不是已经送出去的“赠品”。故50题选D. belngings(所有物)。
【跨段线索分析】
这两个题的答案都隐藏在最后一段。39题问搬到哪里,最后一段才出现“apartment”;50题问现在爱着什么,需要结合全文“虽然送了很多东西,但留下的东西也值得爱”以及末句的提示,不能只根据前文她送东西的行为而误选“giveaways”。
变式题2:2025年新高考II卷(跨段线索:人物态度的前后转变)
Evelyn Dnhue is a 65-year-ld grandma. She nly started t 21 seven years ag after having a 22 call... Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 25 lifestyle, befre discvering a 26 fr weightlifting.
Since setting ut n the jurney, the 27 lver has nt nly managed t 28 an impressive set f muscles — but als a huge fllwing n scial media.
The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent explaining there's n 29 thers can‘t lk this gd... “Hld n: Cnsider failure as a 30 t success and never give up... 31 thers: Lift thers up n yur jurney...”
Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved the 34 wrng in the best pssible way and has indeed becme an 35 fr many scial media users.
21. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recver
34. A. instructrs B. admirers C. beginners D. dubters
【解析】
本文讲述65岁奶奶Evelyn Dnhue通过健身逆袭,成为网络红人的故事。
21题:问奶奶七年前开始做什么。后文提到她“开始锻炼(wrk ut)”、“发现对举重的热爱”,因此可推断她开始“锻炼”,故21题选C. exercise。
34题:问奶奶证明了谁是错的。线索在前半部分埋下的伏笔:她“used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut(过去常因为太老而不能锻炼而被嘲笑)”。嘲笑她的人,就是“怀疑者”。这个信息点出现在倒数第二句,但其对应的人群“dubters”在文章开头并未直接出现,而是通过“laughed at”这个行为暗示。只有将开头的“被嘲笑”与结尾的“证明...错了”联系起来,才能选出正确答案D. dubters。
【跨段线索分析】
本题的难点在于“被嘲笑的人”与“怀疑者”之间的语义转换。文章开头没有直接说“dubters”,而是描述了“被嘲笑”这一事实。考生需要在最后一段看到“prved the 34 wrng”时,回想到开头的“laughed at”,从而推断出嘲笑她的人就是那些怀疑她做不到的人。
变式题3:2025年北京卷(跨段线索:因果关系跨段分布)
At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed. The 1 t stand ut cnsumed me, pushing me twards a regrettable decisin.
One day... ur teacher mentined missing cmputer parts. 2 lks exchanged... “It's pssible t pen that lck with anther key,” I said. Instantly, eyes turned t me... Enjying all the eyes n me, I 4 hw t pen the lck.
Little did I realize that single mment wuld ruin everything.
The fllwing day, called t the headmaster's ffice, I fund myself accused f stealing the missing parts... His repeated 6 intensified, pushing me t the edge f fear and tears. In a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure, I 7 cnfessed (承认)...
The headmaster asked my father t cme t schl... My father gently asked me if I understd the gravity f my actins. 9 , I cnfessed my misguided lnging fr recgnitin.
1. A. prmise B. cmpetitin C. desire D. hesitatin
9. A. Generusly B. Tearfully C. Carelessly D. Strangely
【解析】
本文讲述一个15岁的孩子因为渴望被关注而做出错误决定,最终在父亲帮助下领悟道理的故事。
1题:开篇点明作者成绩优秀但感到被忽视,因此“渴望”脱颖而出。这种情绪推动他做出了后来的事。故1题选C. desire。
9题:问作者在父亲询问时,是以怎样的状态承认了自己对认可的渴望。答案需要跨段联系前文的情感线索。前文提到他被叫到校长办公室时,被反复质问(6题选A. questining),被逼到“恐惧和眼泪的边缘(the edge f fear and tears)”,并“** falsely** cnfessed(7题选D. falsely,错误地/违心地承认)”。这些情感铺垫说明他当时非常委屈、害怕。当慈爱的父亲询问时,这种压抑的情绪自然会爆发出来,因此应该是“含泪地”承认。故9题选B. Tearfully。
【跨段线索分析】
本题考查动作发生时的情感状态,其线索不在本句,而在上一个段落的情绪铺垫。如果遗漏了上一段“被逼到恐惧和眼泪的边缘”这一跨段线索,考生很难理解为什么这里要选“Tearfully”,可能会误选“Generusly(慷慨地)”或“Carelessly(粗心地)”。
三、逻辑推理
高考英语完形填空逻辑推理题应试秘籍
圈连词定方向:but表转折,because表因果,and表并列,first/then表顺承——连词决定逻辑关系。
瞻前顾后找线索:答案往往在空格前后句,尤其是同义词、反义词复现处。
跨段呼应莫忽视:段落首尾藏答案,做到最后回看第一段,形成闭环理解。
代入验证通顺否:选完后代入原文,通读全句看逻辑是否自洽。
核心口诀:逻辑关系看连词,答案藏在前后句;因果转折要分清,跨段呼应定乾坤。
易错点1:转折关系误判
2024年新课标I卷完形填空
I've been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend 41 a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running 42 , but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was 43 fr a "super," referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles. T be hnest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly 46 I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
41. A. knew B. held C. wn D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. prudly D. recently
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
【解题思路】
本文讲述作者因他人成就而受到激励或打击的经历。第42题的解题关键在于"but"这个转折词。
前文:邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛(41题选C. wn),作者受到激励,开始定期跑步(42题选A. regularly)。这里"feeling mtivated"和"started running regularly"构成顺承关系,表示作者积极投入。
转折词"but":后面紧跟"then tw things happened",这两件事(女孩备战超级马拉松、作者自己跑15英里后感到无聊)都是负面经历,导致作者最终放弃跑步。
逻辑判断:"but"将前文的积极行动与后文的消极结果形成转折。如果忽略这个转折,可能会误以为作者一直坚持跑步,从而影响第44题的理解——作者实际上是讨厌(44题选C. hated)这15英里的跑步经历。
本题的易错点在于忽视"but"的转折作用。部分考生看到前文"feeling mtivated",想当然地认为作者会一直热爱跑步,导致第44题误选"made it(做到了)"或"believed it(相信它)"。但"but"已经暗示了后文内容与前文预期相反——作者的跑步热情被随后发生的事浇灭了,因此他对15英里的跑步是"讨厌"的态度。
变式题1:2023年新高考I卷(but的隐性转折)
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 41 the curse earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 45 t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue...
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stpped D. prmised
【解析】本题考查but的隐性转折。第一段提到Bailey本应更早完成比赛(41题D),她的耽搁(42题A)是因为背着一名参赛者(43题D)——这暗示她做了件"耽误自己"的事。第二段详细描述过程:她跑到三分之二时,前面的选手痛苦地哭了。按照常理,参赛者应该继续比赛,但这里的隐性转折是:她选择了"停下"帮助他人。故45题选C. stpped(停下来)。如果忽略这个隐性转折(本应继续跑 vs 实际停下来),可能会误选"agreed(同意)"或"prmised(承诺)"。
变式题2:2024年新课标I卷(while的转折用法)
47 cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I 48 f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I 49 her bike and went fr a ride. The 50 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I'd be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I'd never faced such 51 . That day, I gt 52 by abut 100 "lcal" bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 53 .
53. A. reliable B. cnvenient C. familiar D. appealing
【解析】本题考查while引导的让步转折。前文作者转向骑行(47题C. turned t),梦想参加比赛(48题B. dreamed),一切看似顺利。但while在这里表示"虽然"妹妹上班时他借车骑行(49题B. brrwed),结果却遇到了严峻挑战(51题D. challenges)——被100多个当地骑手超过(52题A. passed)。这种"满怀期待"与"残酷现实"的对比,使得骑行变得不那么吸引人了(53题D. appealing)。若忽略while的转折意味,可能误以为骑行经历很美好,从而错选"familiar(熟悉的)"。
变式题3:2025年全国一卷(yet的转折呼应)
One August afternn, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sld ur huse and we were busy 38 the belved hme... I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10. A cuple f messages came in, ne wanting additinal 43, anther asking fr a price cut. As ur 44 day drew near, I settled n a new price ($0) and repsted it. The 45: "I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn't." In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.
46, I psted mre... I sit in my apartment tday, lving each f the 50 that share ur small space.
46. A. Cnfused B. Interested C. Disappinted D. Encuraged
50. A. giveaways B. psts C. cntributins D. belngings
【解析】本题考查yet(隐含在语境中的转折)。前文作者本想卖花瓶,降价到$0并配上"我讨厌这个花瓶,也许你不会"的描述(45题C. descriptin)。结果一位女士迅速取走花瓶——这出乎作者意料,却带来了积极反馈。yet隐含的转折是:虽然一开始可能困惑,但实际效果却让她受到鼓励(46题D. Encuraged),开始发布更多物品。最终段"tday"与开头的"staring at the vase"形成时间对比,作者现在爱着的是自己的所有物(50题D. belngings),而非已送出的"赠品"(giveaways)。这种态度转变正是通过前文的积极反馈实现的。
易错点2:因果关系倒置
2025年全国二卷完形填空
Evelyn Dnhue is a 65-year-ld grandma. She nly started t 21 seven years ag after having a 22 call. She'd been struggling with eating disrders and health issues, which 23 led her t getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed t make a 24. Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 25 lifestyle, befre discvering a 26 fr weightlifting.
21. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recver
22. A. gdwill B. timeut C. lng-distance D. wake-up
23. A. nrmally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. autmatically
24. A. change B. frtune C. wish D. deal
26. A. demand B. secret C. passin D. cure
【解题思路与因果链分析】
本文讲述65岁奶奶Evelyn Dnhue通过健身逆袭的故事。本题的典型性在于,第21、22、23、24、26题构成了一条完整的因果链,需要理清前后逻辑关系。
因果关系链梳理:
起因:她接到一个警示性电话(22题选D. wake-up call)——这是促使她改变的初始动因
中间状态:她一直与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争,这些问题最终导致她做了手术(23题选B. ultimately)
结果1:手术后,她知道需要做出改变(24题选A. change)
结果2:决心改变生活→开始锻炼(21题选C. exercise)→遵循健康生活方式(25题选D. healthy)
最终结果:发现对举重的热爱(26题选C. passin)
本题最易出错的点是第21题与第23题的因果关系判断。
易错点1(21题):部分考生看到"after having a 22 call",可能误以为她是接到电话后开始"恢复(recver)"。但后文明确说"had been struggling with eating disrders"(一直与饮食失调作斗争),这说明她当时正处于问题中,尚未恢复。她是在手术后决定"改变",才开始"锻炼(exercise)"的。如果把"锻炼"误认为"恢复",就颠倒了"改变生活方式"与"恢复健康"的因果关系——实际上是因为锻炼才恢复,而非恢复后才锻炼。
易错点2(23题):问的是"eating disrders and health issues"与"getting surgery"的关系。是这些问题"最终"导致了手术,还是手术"突然"导致了问题?根据常理,健康问题长期积累才导致需要手术,这是"最终"的结果,而非"突然"发生。若误选C. suddenly,就颠倒了长期病因与手术结果的因果关系。
易错点3(26题):她是在开始锻炼之后才"发现"对举重的热爱。热爱是结果,不是原因。若把passin当作原因,就会误解为"因为她热爱举重才开始锻炼",这与原文的"began t wrk discvering a 26 fr weightlifting"(开始锻炼……之后才发现对举重的热爱)完全相反。
变式题1:
2024年新课标I卷(因果倒置:将结果当作原因)
I've been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend 41 a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running 42 , but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was 43 fr a "super," referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles. T be hnest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly 46 I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
43. A. training B. waiting C. planning D. asking
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
【解析】本题考查因果倒置:将结果误解为原因。
原文逻辑:作者因邻居赢得比赛(41题C)而受到激励开始跑步→遇到一个女孩,她告诉作者她在为超级马拉松训练(43题选A. training)→作者第二天跑了15英里→作者讨厌这次跑步(44题选C. hated)→这两件事(女孩的训练让作者的跑步显得微不足道 + 跑步的无聊)导致作者放弃跑步。
易错点:第44题问作者对15英里跑步的感受。如果只看前半句"I went n my lngest run",可能误以为作者为此感到骄傲(made it)或认为自己很棒(deserved it)。但后文的"pure bredm f jgging"和"the nly 46 I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me"(除非被狗追,否则再也不跑)表明,作者实际上是讨厌这次跑步的。若把结果(讨厌跑步)误当作原因(因为讨厌才不跑),就会选错。实际上,是先有"讨厌"的感受,才导致"不再跑"的决定——这是因果关系,不能倒置。
【跨段因果线索】 第44题的答案线索在后文的"bredm"和" a big dg"中,需要将感受(因)与决定(果)联系起来。
变式题2:2023年新高考I卷(因果错位:将目的当作原因)
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 21 the curse earlier than she did. Her 22 came because she was carrying a 23 acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 24 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 25 t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 26. She culdn't. Bailey then 27 t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get 28 attentin.
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stpped D. prmised
27. A. planned B. asked C. happened D. bent dwn
【解析】本题考查因果错位:将目的(为了帮助)误解为原因(因为帮助而...)。
原文逻辑:Bailey跑到三分之二时,前面的选手痛苦地哭了一一这是原因→Bailey停下来(25题选C. stpped)帮助她——这是结果→她搀扶Lenue,发现她无法行走→于是她弯下腰(27题选D. bent dwn)让Lenue爬到背上——这是进一步的结果。
易错点:第25题问Bailey做了什么。有考生可能误选A. agreed(同意)或D. prmised(承诺),认为她是"同意"或"承诺"帮助别人。但原文描述的是即时发生的情景——听到哭声后,她当即停下脚步。这里"停下"是直接结果,而"帮助"是目的。若把目的(帮助)当作原因(因为要帮助所以停下),就会误选其他选项。实际上,因果关系是:听到哭声(因)→停下(果)→帮助(目的)。
【因果链分析】 正确的因果顺序应为:听到哭声(触发因)→停下(直接果)→帮助(目的果)→背起(进一步果)。每一步都有明确的因果关系,不能颠倒。
变式题3:2025年北京卷(因果倒置:将伴随状态当作原因)
At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed. The 1 t stand ut cnsumed me, pushing me twards a regrettable decisin.
One day... ur teacher mentined missing cmputer parts. 2 lks exchanged... "It's pssible t pen that lck with anther key," I said. Instantly, eyes turned t me... Enjying all the eyes n me, I 4 hw t pen the lck.
Little did I realize that single mment wuld ruin everything.
The fllwing day, called t the headmaster's ffice, I fund myself accused f stealing the missing parts... His repeated 6 intensified, pushing me t the edge f fear and tears. In a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure, I 7 cnfessed...
The headmaster asked my father t cme t schl... My father gently asked me if I understd the gravity f my actins. 9 , I cnfessed my misguided lnging fr recgnitin.
1. A. prmise B. cmpetitin C. desire D. hesitatin
7. A. warmly B. readily C. randmly D. falsely
9. A. Generusly B. Tearfully C. Carelessly D. Strangely
【解析】本题考查因果倒置:将伴随状态(含泪)误解为原因(因为含泪所以...),或将结果(违心)误解为原因(因为违心所以...)。
原因链:渴望被关注(1题选C. desire)→炫耀开锁方法→被怀疑偷东西→被反复质问(6题选A. questining)→被逼到恐惧和眼泪的边缘(the edge f fear and tears)→在巨大压力下违心承认(7题选D. falsely)→父亲来校→含泪承认(9题选B. Tearfully)真实动机。
易错点1(第7题):问作者是以什么方式承认的。前文说"pushing me t the edge f fear and tears"(把我逼到恐惧和眼泪的边缘)——这是原因。在巨大压力下,他为了逃避压力而承认,但这种承认是违心的(falsely),因为他并没有偷东西。若把"恐惧和眼泪"当作承认的方式,就会误选"warmly(温暖地)"或"readily(欣然地)",这就颠倒了因果关系——他是因为恐惧才违心承认,而非因为恐惧而真诚承认。
易错点2(第9题):问在父亲询问时,作者以什么状态承认了真实想法。前文的情感铺垫(被逼到恐惧和眼泪的边缘、违心承认)是原因,当慈爱的父亲询问时,压抑的情绪爆发,因此是含泪地(Tearfully)承认——这是结果。若忽略前文的因果铺垫,可能误选"Generusly(慷慨地)"或"Carelessly(粗心地)"。
【因果链分析】
本题的因果链是:渴望关注(因1)→炫耀(果1/因2)→被怀疑(果2/因3)→被质问(果3/因4)→恐惧(果4/因5)→违心承认(果5/因6)→父亲询问(因6)→含泪坦白真实动机(最终果)。每一步都有明确的因果关系,必须理清才能准确选择。
四、生活常识
高考英语完形填空生活常识题应试秘籍
生活经验直接判:校园生活、人际交往、日常行为——凭常识可直接锁定答案,无需纠结语法。
文化背景记心间:西方礼仪、节日习俗、社会规则——遇到文化类题目,用英语国家常识推理。
常理推断补空白:生病看医生、迷路问警察、获奖感兴奋——符合普遍认知的才是正确答案。
避坑指南:勿钻牛角尖,勿用特殊案例推翻普遍规律;当语法与常识冲突时,常识优先。
核心口诀:生活常识是底牌,符合常理直接选;文化背景要牢记,钻牛角尖必丢分。
易错点1:中西文化差异
2023年新课标I卷完形填空
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 41 the curse earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 45 t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 46. She culdn't. Bailey then 47 t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get 48 attentin.
41. A. designed B. fllwed C. changed D. finished
48. A. medical B. public C. cnstant D. immediate
【解题思路与中西文化差异分析】
本文讲述Melanie Bailey在越野赛中背着受伤参赛者过终点线的善行义举。第41题和第48题都涉及西方体育赛事的文化常识。
第41题分析:
文化背景:在长跑比赛中,选手的核心目标通常是"完成比赛"(finish the curse)。这是马拉松、越野跑等耐力赛事的基本常识——参赛者追求的是"完赛",而非"设计赛道"(designed)、"跟随赛道"(fllwed)或"改变赛道"(changed)。
线索运用:第一句交代了比赛背景,第二句"shuld than she did"暗示她本应更早完成,但实际被耽搁了。这种"预期完赛时间"与"实际完赛时间"的对比,正是基于"完赛是比赛目标"这一文化前提。
答案:41题选D. finished
第48题分析:
文化背景:西方大型体育赛事(尤其是马拉松、越野跑)通常配备完善的医疗支持系统,包括沿途的医疗站(aid statin/checkpint)和急救人员。选手受伤后可以就近获得"医疗救助"(medical attentin)。
线索运用:前文提到Lenue受伤无法行走,Bailey背着她先到终点线,又走了300英尺——这300英尺的目的地,正是赛道上设置的医疗点。根据赛事组织常识,终点附近通常设有医疗站,为完赛选手提供即时医疗服务。
答案:48题选A. medical
本题的易错点在于用中式思维替代西方文化常识。
第41题易错项:C. changed(改变)。部分考生可能认为她本应"改变"赛道,但这是对比赛的误解。在西方体育文化中,选手的使命是完成既定赛道,而非随意改变。
第48题易错项:D. immediate(立即的)。从中文角度,"立即关注"似乎说得通,但不符合西方赛事组织的实际情况。赛事方提供的是"医疗关注"(medical attentin),这是一个固定搭配,指专业的医疗服务。若选immediate,则忽略了西方赛事医疗支持这一文化背景。
变式题1:2024年新课标I卷(美国地域文化)
I've been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks' achievements all my life.
47 cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I 48 f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I 49 her bike and went fr a ride. The 50: The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I'd be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I'd never faced such 51. That day, I gt 52 by abut 100 "lcal" bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 53.
50. A. prblem B. challenge C. advantage D. discvery
51. A. dangers B. events C. ppnents D. challenges
【解析】本题考查美国地域文化差异——圣迭戈的山地骑行文化与作者习惯的平坦道路形成对比-4。
文化背景:美国圣迭戈地形多山(large valleys, riding uphill fr miles),与中西部平原地区的平坦道路形成鲜明对比。对于习惯了平路的骑行者来说,这种山地骑行是巨大的"挑战"(challenge)。
线索运用:前文提到作者骑车很多,甚至梦想参赛,暗示他自认为水平不错。但到圣迭戈后,连续数英里的上坡路是他从未面对过的"挑战"(51题选D. challenges)。50题描述这种路况本身就是一个"挑战"(选B. challenge)。
易错分析:若不了解圣迭戈的地形特点,可能误以为作者发现了什么"优势"(advantage)或"发现"(discvery)。实际上,作者面对的是意料之外的困难,这是基于地域文化常识的推断。
【跨文化要点】:美国不同地区地理特征差异显著,西部多山,中部平坦。理解这一点有助于把握作者从"自信"到"受挫"的情感转变。
变式题2:2023年全国乙卷(体育文化中的师徒关系)
gymnast Gabby Duglas, under the guidance f her Chinese cach, trained 41 and eventually wn the Olympic all-arund gld medal. The cach's 42 style, cmbining strict discipline with emtinal supprt, played a crucial rle in her success. Duglas later said in an interview that she 43 her cach nt nly fr the technical skills but als fr teaching her the value f perseverance.
41. A. casually B. tirelessly C. secretly D. independently
42. A. teaching B. parenting C. caching D. cnsulting
43. A. thanked B. admired C. credited D. remembered
【解析】本题考查体育文化中的师徒关系,涉及华人教练在西方体育界的角色认知-3-5。
文化背景:在西方体育文化中,教练(cach)与运动员的关系是专业且密切的。华人教练以其"严格训练与情感支持相结合"的风格著称,这种"caching style"(教练风格)是体育领域的专业术语。运动员成功后,往往会将成功"归功于"(credit)教练。
41题:根据体育文化常识,奥运冠军需要"不懈地"(tirelessly)训练,而非"随意地"(casually)。
42题:教练的执教风格是"caching style",这是固定搭配。若选teaching,则混淆了"教学"与"执教"的区别。
43题:西方运动员在采访中常用"credit sb. fr sth."(将……归功于某人)表达对教练的感激。这是地道的表达方式。
易错分析:用中式思维可能误选42题B. parenting(育儿方式),将教练当作"家长"。但在西方体育文化中,教练是专业角色,不是家长。43题若选thanked,虽然语法正确,但不如credited地道,且不能准确表达"将成功归因于教练"这层含义。
【跨文化要点】:西方体育文化强调专业教练的独立角色,运动员与教练是职业合作关系,不同于中国传统文化中"一日为师,终身为父"的观念。
变式题3:2025年全国二卷(西方银发族健身文化)
Evelyn Dnhue is a 65-year-ld grandma. She nly started t 21 seven years ag after having a 22 call. She'd been struggling with eating disrders and health issues, which 23 led her t getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed t make a 24. Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 25 lifestyle, befre discvering a 26 fr weightlifting.
Since setting ut n the jurney, the 27 lver has nt nly managed t 28 an impressive set f muscles — but als a huge fllwing n scial media.
21. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recver
26. A. demand B. secret C. passin D. cure
27. A. sprts B. fitness C. health D. life
【解析】本题考查西方银发族(senir citizens)健身文化的特点。
文化背景:在西方国家,老年人健身是一种普遍的社会现象。65岁开始锻炼并不罕见,健身房常见白发苍苍的老人在举重、做有氧运动。这种文化背景下,老年人健身不是为了"恢复"(recver)健康,而是主动追求更积极的生活方式。
21题:她七年前开始"锻炼"(exercise)。若选D. recver,则是用中式思维——认为老年人健身是为了"恢复"健康。但在西方文化中,老年人健身是主动选择的生活方式,而非被动恢复。
26题:她发现了对举重的"热爱"(passin)。西方银发族健身文化强调"热爱"驱动,而非"需求"(demand)或"治疗"(cure)。
27题:描述她时用"fitness lver"(健身爱好者),这是西方对活跃老年人的常见称呼。
易错分析:用中式思维可能误选21题D. recver,认为老年人锻炼是为了治病。但在西方文化语境中,65岁开始健身是"开启新生活",而非"从病痛中恢复"。26题若选cure,则把健身当作"治病手段",与西方银发族追求生活品质的文化不符。
【跨文化要点】:西方老年人崇尚"积极老龄化"(active aging),健身是追求生活品质的方式,而非医疗行为。这与部分东方文化中"老年养生"的观念有所不同。
易错点2:情感反应偏差
2023年新高考I卷完形填空
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 41 the curse earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 45 t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue... Bailey then 47 t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get 48 attentin.
Once there, Lenue was 49 and later taken t a hspital, where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. She wuld have struggled with extreme 50 t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey's help.
As fr Bailey, she is mre 51 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 52. "She was just crying. I culdn't 53 her," Bailey tld the reprter. "I feel like I was just ding the right thing."
51. A. wrried B. ashamed C. cnfused D. discuraged
52. A. game B. prblem C. lessn D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure C. bther D. understand
【解题思路与情感反应分析】
本文讲述Melanie Bailey在越野赛中背着受伤参赛者过终点线的善行义举。第51-53题考查主人公Bailey对自己行为的心理感受,其情感反应需与前文铺垫保持一致。
前文情感铺垫:
第一段:Bailey本应更早完成比赛(41题D),但因帮助他人而耽搁(42题A)——这是客观事实
第二、三段:她毫不犹豫地停下(45题C)、弯下腰(47题D)背起受伤选手,将其送到医疗点(48题A)
第四段开头:"As fr Bailey, she is mre 51 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 52"
事件性质:Bailey做了一件助人为乐的好事
社会预期:人们普遍会称赞这种行为,认为这是"大事"(a big deal)
Bailey的自我认知:她认为自己"只是做了正确的事"(just ding the right thing)
情感冲突点:外界的高度评价与她的自我认知形成反差,因此她感到的是困惑——为什么大家都觉得这事很了不起?
答案:
51题选C. cnfused(困惑的)——她不明白为什么自己的行为被看作大事
52题选D. deal——a big deal是固定搭配,意为"重要的事"
53题选A. leave——看到对方哭泣,她"不能丢下她不管"
本题的易错点在于用错误的情感反应替代正确的情绪。
错选A. wrried(担忧的):部分考生可能认为Bailey对自己行为的后果感到"担忧"。但后文她明确说"我只是做了正确的事",并无担忧之意。
错选B. ashamed(羞愧的):可能误以为她因耽误比赛而感到"羞愧"。但全文情感基调是积极正面的,她对自己的选择毫无悔意。
错选D. discuraged(气馁的):可能以为她因没能正常完赛而"气馁"。但第三段明确她成功帮助了他人,这是成就感而非挫败感。
核心情感逻辑:一个做了好事的人,面对别人的称赞,最自然的情感反应是"谦虚"或"困惑"——她不觉得自己做了什么了不起的事。这种"谦虚"通过"困惑"的形式表现出来,符合普遍的情感反应规律。
变式题1:2025年全国一卷(从沮丧到鼓舞的情感转变)
One August afternn, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sld ur huse and we were busy 38 the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up... I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10. A cuple f messages came in, ne wanting additinal 43, anther asking fr a price cut. As ur 44 day drew near, I settled n a new price ($0) and repsted it. The 45: "I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn't." In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.
46, I psted mre. My daily psts and the 47 I received became a precius ray f light in the chas f my huse...
46. A. Cnfused B. Interested C. Disappinted D. Encuraged
47. A. visits B. reprts C. advice D. mney
【解析】本题考查情感反应的前后转变——从可能的沮丧到受到鼓舞。
前文情感铺垫:
作者最初卖花瓶时,遇到砍价等小挫折
改为免费赠送后,配文"我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。"——这带有自嘲和无奈
结果"一位女士迅速冲进我家,开心地拿走了花瓶"
情感反应逻辑:
免费赠送出乎意料地顺利("in an instant")
这种积极反馈让作者感到受到鼓励(Encuraged),于是继续发布更多物品
后文"my daily a precius ray f light"进一步印证了积极的情感转变
易错分析:
若选A. Cnfused(困惑的):虽然前文自嘲式的配文可能让人困惑,但"raced int my huse and left happily"是积极反馈,应导致鼓励而非困惑
若选C. Disappinted(失望的):与事件性质完全相反——顺利送出东西怎么会失望?
若选B. Interested(感兴趣的):情感层次太浅,无法解释后续"psted mre"的行为动机
【情感反应规律】:积极的结果→积极的情感反馈→积极的后续行为。这是情感反应的基本逻辑链。
变式题2:2022年新高考I卷(困境中的无助感)
My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.
time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we 27, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly 28 ur peaceful mrning trip. The 29 picked up and thunder rlled. My husband stpped fishing t 30 the mtr. Nthing. He tried again. N 31. We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr. As we all sat there 32, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rpe and twed (拖) us back. We were 33.
32. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. dubtfully D. helplessly
33. A. srry B. brave C. safe D. right
【解析】
本题考查在危险/困境中的情感反应——无助感。
前文情感铺垫:
暴风雨来临,船发动机坏了,反复尝试无法启动
"stuck in the middle f the lake"——被困湖中央
暴雨、雷声、无法移动的船——构成危险情境
情感反应逻辑:
面对这种困境,人的正常情感反应是无助(helplessly)——无能为力、不知所措
后文渔夫出现救援,他们最终脱险,因此感到安全(safe)
易错分析:
若选A. patiently(耐心地):危险情况下不可能"耐心等待",这违背基本情感常识
若选B. tirelessly(不知疲倦地):船已无法启动,"不知疲倦"无从谈起
若选C. dubtfully(怀疑地):怀疑什么?情感指向不明确
第33题印证:获救后的情感是"safe",这是危险解除后的自然反应,与前面的"helplessly"形成完整的情感闭环。
【情感反应规律】:危险/困境→无助感→获救→安全感。情感反应必须与情境的危险程度匹配。
变式题3:2025年北京卷(压力下的恐惧与委屈)
At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed. The 1 t stand ut cnsumed me, pushing me twards a regrettable decisin.
One day... ur teacher mentined missing cmputer parts. 2 lks exchanged... "It's pssible t pen that lck with anther key," I said. Instantly, eyes turned t me... Enjying all the eyes n me, I 4 hw t pen the lck.
Little did I realize that single mment wuld ruin everything.
The fllwing day, called t the headmaster's ffice, I fund myself accused f stealing the missing parts... His repeated 6 intensified, pushing me t the edge f fear and tears. In a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure, I 7 cnfessed.
The headmaster asked my father t cme t schl... My father gently asked me if I understd the gravity f my actins. 9, I cnfessed my misguided lnging fr recgnitin.
7. A. warmly B. readily C. randmly D. falsely
9. A. Generusly B. Tearfully C. Carelessly D. Strangely
【解析】本题考查压力下的情感反应——恐惧导致违心承认,委屈导致含泪坦白。
情感铺垫(第7题前文):
"pushing me t the edge f fear and tears"(把我逼到恐惧和眼泪的边缘)——明确的情感状态
"in a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure"(拼命想逃避不断加大的压力)——行为动机
被冤枉但无力辩驳——情感困境
第7题情感反应:
在这种高压下,为了逃避压力而承认,这种承认是违心的(falsely)
他不是真心认罪,而是被迫承认——情感逻辑:恐惧→违心行为
第9题前文情感铺垫:
父亲温和地询问
前面积压的恐惧、委屈、压力找到了宣泄出口
第9题情感反应:
面对慈爱的父亲,压抑的情绪爆发,因此是含泪地(Tearfully)承认真实想法
情感逻辑:长期压抑→遇到安全出口→情绪释放(流泪)
易错分析:
第7题若选B. readily(欣然地):与"desperate attempt t escape pressure"矛盾——欣然接受意味着主动愿意,而非被迫
第9题若选A. Generusly(慷慨地):情感与情境完全不符——这不是慷慨的时候
若选C. Carelessly(粗心地):承认的是内心深处的渴望,怎会粗心?
【情感反应规律】:高压逼迫→恐惧→违心行为(第7题);安全环境→情绪释放→含泪坦白(第9题)。情感反应随情境变化而自然转变
1.(2026·山东青岛·一模)In a remte village in Zambia, where rads seem t stretch endlessly befre reaching the nearest twn, a classrm is filled with the energy f its yung learners. The desks are basic, the bks are 1 , and the rm is crwded beynd capacity — but smething 2 is happening here. Andrew, a 38-year-ld teacher, has 3 his under-resurced and vercrwded classrm.
Students in Andrew’s class travel 5 t 15 kilmeters each day t attend his lessns. The daily 4 reflects the brader barriers t 5 in Zambia, where ver 800,000 primary schl-aged children are ut f schl.
Andrew 6 t let these barriers limit the ptential f the 7 yung learners wh make the daily jurney t his classrm. Drawing frm lcal culture, he 8 traditinal games — like skipping rpe. These 9 helped children understand numbers and develp fundatinal skills in 10 ways. At the same time, he 11 supprt frm the schl administratin and fellw teachers, even using his wn funds t btain essential teaching materials. 12 t develping a sense f prfessinalism and 13 amng teachers, Andrew and his clleagues printed T-shirts decrated with “Catch-Up Prgram Teacher”. It was a small but pwerful 14 that reinfrced their identity as teachers dedicated t transfrming learning utcmes.
One f his students 15 Andrew’s impact best: “My mther asked me why I g t schl. I replied, t becme just like my teacher when I grw up.”
1.A.inapprpriateB.insufficientC.inexpensiveD.incredible
2.A.extrardinaryB.shckingC.urgentD.amusing
3.A.decratedB.equippedC.ccupiedD.transfrmed
4.A.struggleB.exerciseC.scheduleD.chice
5.A.transprtatinB.educatinC.cmmunicatinD.accmmdatin
6.A.managedB.tendedC.refusedD.threatened
7.A.determinedB.straightfrwardC.generusD.talented
8.A.appreciatedB.namedC.includedD.created
9.A.beliefsB.missinsC.instructinsD.activities
10.A.attractiveB.cmplexC.typicalD.abstract
11.A.withdrewB.securedC.cnfirmedD.ignred
12.A.CntraryB.CmmittedC.SensitiveD.Addicted
13.A.humurB.justiceC.prideD.relief
14.A.lessnB.rganizatinC.rutineD.gesture
15.A.gt verB.benefited frmC.summed upD.brught abut
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了在赞比亚的一个偏远村庄,老师Andrew在教育资源匮乏、教室拥挤的条件下,致力于改变学生学习现状的感人事迹。
1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:课桌十分简单,书本数量不足,教室拥挤得远超容纳限度——但这里正发生着不同寻常的事。A. inapprpriate不适当的;B. insufficient不足的;C. inexpensive便宜的;D. incredible难以置信的。根据上文“The desks are basic”及下文“his under-resurced and vercrwded classrm”可知,教学条件很差,书本数量不足。故选B。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. extrardinary非凡的;B. shcking令人震惊的;C. urgent紧急的;D. amusing有趣的。but说明前后形成转折,前面“The desks are basic, the bks are _____, and the rm is crwded beynd capacity”说教育条件差,转折后说这里正发生不寻常的事,以引出后文故事。故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:38岁的教师Andrew改造了这间资源匮乏、拥挤不堪的教室。A. decrated装饰;B. equipped配备;C. ccupied占据;D. transfrmed改变。根据下文“he _______ traditinal games — like skipping rpe.”及“he _____ supprt frm the schl administratin and fellw teachers, even using his wn funds t btain essential teaching materials”可知,Andrew通过自己的努力改变了这个资源匮乏、拥挤的教室。故选D。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这种日常的艰辛折射出赞比亚在接受教育上存在的更普遍障碍——该国超80万学龄儿童无法入学。A. struggle挣扎;B. exercise锻炼;C. schedule日程;D. chice选择。根据上文“Students in Andrew’s class travel 5 t 15 kilmeters each day t attend his lessns.(Andrew班的学生每天要走5到15公里去上课。)”可知,学生每天要长途跋涉上学,非常不易,体现了挣扎。故选A。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. transprtatin交通;B. educatin教育;C. cmmunicatin交流;D. accmmdatin住宿。根据下文“ver 800,000 primary schl-aged children are ut f schl”可知,赞比亚有超过80万适龄儿童失学,这反映了赞比亚面临的教育障碍。故选B。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Andrew拒绝让这些障碍限制那些每天步行来上课的、意志坚定的年轻学习者的潜力。A. managed管理;B. tended倾向;C. refused拒绝;D. threatened威胁。根据上文“Andrew, a 38-year-ld teacher, has ______ his under-resurced and vercrwded classrm.”和下文“teachers dedicated t transfrming learning utcmes”可知,Andrew拒绝让这些障碍限制孩子的潜力,符合他积极改变的态度,refused t d sth.“拒绝做某事”符合他积极作为的形象。故选C。
7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. determined坚定的;B. straightfrward直接的;C. generus慷慨的;D. talented有天赋的。根据下文“yung learners wh make the daily jurney t his classrm”可知,能每天坚持走很远路来上学的学生,是意志坚定的。故选A。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他从当地文化中汲取灵感,在教学中纳入了跳绳这类传统游戏。A. appreciated欣赏;B. named命名;C. included包括;D. created创造。根据下文“helped children understand numbers and develp fundatinal skills”可知,Andrew借鉴当地文化,在教学中加入了传统游戏,培养了孩子们的基本技能。故选C。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些活动帮助孩子们理解数字概念,并以生动有趣的方式培养基本技能。A. beliefs信仰;B. missins任务;C. instructins指示;D. activities活动。这里的These指代前文的“traditinal games”,游戏属于教学活动。故选D。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. attractive有吸引力的,引起兴趣的;B. cmplex复杂的;C. typical典型的;D. abstract抽象的。根据上文“traditinal games”可知,用游戏的方式来教学,是一种有趣的、有吸引力的方式,能让孩子更愿意参与。故选A。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:与此同时,他争取到了学校管理层和其他老师的支持,甚至用自己的资金购买必要的教材。A. withdrew撤回;B. secured获得;C. cnfirmed确认;D. ignred忽视。根据下文“supprt frm the schl administratin and fellw teachers”可知,Andrew还从学校管理层和同事那里争取到支持。故选B。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:致力于培养教师的职业素养与自豪感,Andrew和同事们印制了印有“补习计划教师”字样的T恤。A. Cntrary相反的;B. Cmmitted尽心尽力的,坚定的;C. Sensitive敏感的;D. Addicted上瘾的。根据下文“t develping a sense f prfessinalism and ______ amng teachers, Andrew and his clleagues printed T-shirts decrated with “Catch-Up Prgram Teacher””可知,印制T恤说明了他们的决心,此处指Andrew和同事致力于培养教师的职业素养和自豪感。cmmitted t ding sth.意为“致力于做某事”。故选B。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. humur幽默;B. justice正义;C. pride自豪;D. relief宽慰。根据上文“develping a sense f prfessinalism and”和下文“reinfrced their identity as teachers dedicated t transfrming learning utcmes”可知,他们印制带标识的T恤,可以强调其身份,能够增强教师的职业认同感和对其身份的自豪感。故选C。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这小且充满力量的举动,强化了他们作为教师的身份——一群致力于改变学生学习成效的教育者。A. lessn课;B. rganizatin组织;C. rutine常规;D. gesture手势,姿态。根据上文“Andrew and his clleagues printed T-shirts decrated with “Catch-Up Prgram Teacher””可知,印制T恤这个行为虽小,却能强化教师身份,是一种有影响力的举动。故选D。
15.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他的一名学生最能概括Andrew的影响:“妈妈问我为什么要上学,我回答说,长大后要成为像老师一样的人。”A. gt ver克服;B. benefited frm受益于;C. summed up总结;D. brught abut引起。根据下文““My mther asked me why I g t schl. I replied, t becme just like my teacher when I grw up.”可知,学生的话总结了Andrew的行为带来的影响。故选C。
2.(2026·四川成都·二模)The stry f his family and the essential help frm Lifeline mtivated Aarn greatly. Aarn has thus becme a 16 dnr and decided t leave a gift in his will t help thers facing similar challenges.
“I was always very clse t my parents; they 17 my life with s many wnderful experiences. But in 1977, Dad died f a sudden heart 18 . Everything changed after that. Mum was different after Dad’s death. She became sad and incredibly lnely. Tw years after Dad died, Mum made her first 19 t end her life. 20 I was living with her at the time, s I fund her befre it was t late. She was 21 t the hspital by ambulance.
She tld us later that she was 22 t have survived, s we hped that was the end f it. Hwever, in 1982, the same thing happened again. This time, I wasn’t there t save her. I knw that it wasn’t my 23 , but I 24 the trauma (悲痛) f nt being there fr a very lng time. It tk ver twenty years t cme t terms with it. I’m cnvinced that Mum wuld still be 25 tday if she’d been able t cnnect with a service like Lifeline. That belief drve me t start 26 t Lifeline many years ag. And mre recently, it 27 me t leave a gift in my will t help supprt future generatins f peple just like Mum when they need it mst.
The prcess f leaving a gift in my will was simple. Obviusly, there was a bit f back and frth with my wife while we 28 what we wanted t d. But nce we’d made ur decisin, assigning prprtin (份额) was easy. And it was a massive relief knwing that ur wishes wuld be 29 withut making life t difficult fr ur lved nes. Having smene t 30 is s imprtant. It’s such a wrthy cause that really can have a huge impact.”
16.A.vluntaryB.permanentC.cmpulsryD.cmmitted
17.A.filledB.packedC.suppliedD.laded
18.A.illnessB.disrderC.attackD.surgery
19.A.intentinB.effrtC.trialD.attempt
20.A.CnsciuslyB.FrtunatelyC.DefinitelyD.Reslutely
21.A.sentB.rushedC.mvedD.wheeled
22.A.relaxedB.thrilledC.cntentD.relieved
23.A.respnsibilityB.errrC.mistakeD.fault
24.A.brughtB.carriedC.fetchedD.tk
25.A.passiveB.aggressiveC.aliveD.sensitive
26.A.presentingB.distributingC.dnatingD.circulating
27.A.awakenedB.inspiredC.temptedD.persuaded
28.A.wrked utB.tk utC.picked utD.carried ut
29.A.disappintedB.madeC.fulfilledD.cnveyed
30.A.reach ut tB.watch ut frC.lk up tD.catch up n
【答案】
16.D 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.B 21.B 22.D 23.D 24.B 25.C 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Aarn因家庭变故受Lifeline启发成为捐赠者并立遗嘱帮助他人的故事。
16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:因此,Aarn成为了一名坚定的捐赠者,并决定在遗嘱中留下一份礼物,帮助其他面临类似挑战的人。A. vluntary自愿的;B. permanent永久的;C. cmpulsry强制的;D. cmmitted坚定的。根据后文“dnr and decided t leave a gift in his will t help thers facing similar challenges”可知,Aarn决定在遗嘱中留下一份礼物,帮助其他面临类似挑战的人,说明他是一个坚定的捐赠者。故选D。
17.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我一直和父母很亲近;他们用许多美妙的经历充实了我的生活。A. filled充满;B. packed打包;C. supplied供应;D. laded装载。根据后文“my life with s many wnderful experiences”可知,此处指父母用许多美妙的经历充实了作者的生活,fill sth. with sth.为固定搭配,意为“用……充满……”。故选A。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但在1977年,父亲突然心脏病发作去世。A. illness疾病;B. disrder紊乱;C. attack攻击;D. surgery手术。根据上文“Dad died f a sudden heart”可知,此处指父亲突发心脏病去世,heart attack为固定搭配,意为“心脏病发作”。故选C。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:父亲去世两年后,母亲第一次试图结束自己的生命。A. intentin意图;B. effrt努力;C. trial试验;D. attempt尝试。根据后文“t end her life”可知,母亲第一次试图自杀,make an attempt t d sth.为固定搭配,意为“试图做某事”。故选D。
20.考查副词词义辨析。句意:幸运的是,我当时和她住在一起,所以我在为时已晚之前找到了她。A. Cnsciusly有意识地;B. Frtunately幸运地;C. Definitely肯定地;D. Reslutely坚决地。根据后文“I was living with her at the time, s I fund her befre it was t late”可知,作者当时和母亲住在一起,紧急救助了她,这是幸运的。故选B。
21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她被救护车紧急送往医院。A. sent发送;B. rushed冲;C. mved移动;D. wheeled转动。根据前文“Mum made her first ____ t end her life.”和后文“t the hspital by ambulance”可知,母亲企图自杀,应该是被救护车紧急送往医院,rush sb. t hspital为固定搭配,意为“紧急送某人去医院”。故选B。
22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她后来告诉我们,她很庆幸自己能活下来,所以我们希望这是最后一次。A. relaxed放松的;B. thrilled激动的;C. cntent满足的;D. relieved宽慰的,庆幸的。根据后文“t have survived”可知,母亲很庆幸自己被送往医院并能活下来,死里逃生感到释然。故选D。
23.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我知道这不是我的错,但我很长时间都无法摆脱没有陪在她身边的悲痛。A. respnsibility责任;B. errr错误;C. mistake错误;D. fault过错。根据上文“Hwever, in 1982, the same thing happened again. This time, I wasn’t there t save her. I knw that it wasn’t my”可知,此处指作者知道母亲的自杀不是自己的错,it’s ne’s fault为固定搭配,意为“是某人的错”。故选D。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. brught带来;B. carried携带;C. fetched取来;D. tk拿走。根据后文“the trauma (悲痛) f nt being there fr a very lng time”和“It tk ver twenty years t cme t terms with it.”可知,母亲去世,作者很长时间都无法摆脱失去母亲的创伤,carry sth.为固定搭配,意为“携带某物”,此处引申为“无法摆脱某物”。故选B。
25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我确信,如果妈妈能和像Lifeline这样的服务机构联系上,她今天还会活着。A. passive被动的;B. aggressive侵略性的;C. alive活着的;D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“Mum wuld still be”以及后文“if she’d been able t cnnect with a service like Lifeline”可知,如果妈妈能和像Lifeline这样的服务机构联系上,情况可能就不同,她就不会自杀,就还会活着。故选C。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这种信念驱使我在多年前开始向Lifeline捐款。A. presenting呈现;B. distributing分配;C. dnating捐赠;D. circulating循环。根据后文“t Lifeline many years ag”以及“leave a gift in my will t help supprt future generatins f peple”可知,作者多年前开始向Lifeline捐款。故选C。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:最近,它激励我在遗嘱中留下一份礼物,帮助那些在最需要的时候像妈妈一样的人。A. awakened唤醒;B. inspired激励;C. tempted诱惑;D. persuaded说服。根据后文“me t leave a gift in my will t help supprt future generatins f peple just like Mum when they need it mst”可知,Lifeline激励作者立下遗嘱,帮助那些在最需要的时候像妈妈一样的人。故选B。
28.考查动词短语辨析。句意:显然,在我和妻子商量我们想做什么的时候,有一些来回的讨论。A. wrked ut解决;B. tk ut取出;C. picked ut挑选出;D. carried ut执行。根据后文“what we wanted t d”可知,此处指作者和妻子商量有关立遗嘱的事情,wrk ut为固定搭配,意为“解决,商量出”。故选A。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意:知道我们的愿望会得到满足,而不会给我们所爱的人带来太大的困难,这是一种巨大的解脱。A. disappinted失望;B. made制作;C. fulfilled满足;D. cnveyed传达。根据上文“ur wishes wuld be”以及后文“withut making life t difficult fr ur lved nes”可知,此处指知道作者的愿望会得到满足,同时不会给爱的人带来太大的困扰,这是一种巨大的解脱。故选C。
30.考查动词短语辨析。句意:有人可以求助是非常重要的。A. reach ut t向……伸出援手,求助;B. watch ut fr小心;C. lk up t尊敬;D. catch up n赶上。根据上文“Having smene t”以及后文“It’s such a wrthy cause that really can have a huge impact.”可知,此处指当生活遇到不顺,有人可以求助是非常重要的,这是一个非常有意义的事业。故选A。
3.(2026·陕西西安·模拟预测)Once upn a time, much f the wrld was ppulated by wlves. They 31 all ver the United States and Canada, Siberia and much f mainland Eurpe, as well as Great Britain, and if humans hadn’t cme alng, they wuld still be there in great numbers. But man did cme alng, farmed the land, 32 the wlves killing their livestck (家畜) and s gradually drve them ut f the hmes that had nce been theirs.
Wlves are nt 33 in ur language and literature, hwever. In fairy stries, they are seen as evil and dangerus, always 34 t eat peple. Remember the time when Little Red Riding Hd thinks that a wlf is her grandmther? If yu really want t see hw English-speaking humans think f the wlf, just lk at the 35 ! “A wlf in sheep’s clthing” is nt a pleasant persn and a “wlf-whistle” is nt a pleasant sund!
Yet wlves are ttally unlike the image we have f them frm legend and language. Fr a start, they dn’t 36 humans; indeed, they d their best t keep ut f ur way. They are very sciable animals, living in packs and lking after their yung, which shuld make sme humans 37 themselves. Instead f being 38 , the hwl f the wlf — the cry f the whle pack — as the full mn rises in a star-bright sky, is ne f the mst beautiful sunds in nature. They are beautiful creatures which can run at speeds f up t 65 kph if they have t. And when they d 39 , their 42 large teeth are fearlessly effective.
But the 40 remains that we lve the lin, the king f the jungle, while we demnize (妖魔化) the wlf, ne f the mst beautiful animals in the wrld. Only 41 d writers treat them nicely; fr example, a she-wlf is suppsed t have fed the twins Remus and Rmulus, wh went n t 42 the city f Rme.
And s, while man kills animals in their millins, ften just fr the fun f it, the wlf represents a state f natural 43 that we d nt knw and can never btain, even thugh we 44 it in ur hearts. Perhaps that’s why, in the end, we 45 the wlf s much — fr having smething we can never get ur hands n.
31.A.ruledB.migratedC.cncentratedD.ranged
32.A.set asideB.apprved fC.bjected tD.wrked ut
33.A.killersB.victimsC.charactersD.criminals
34.A.reluctantB.readyC.unlikelyD.sure
35.A.lkB.sundC.languageD.behaviur
36.A.avidB.frightenC.attackD.prtest
37.A.surprised atB.pleased withC.ashamed fD.interested in
38.A.ludB.peacefulC.musicalD.sft
39.A.runB.jumpC.killD.cry
40.A.pssibilityB.mysteryC.evidenceD.fact
41.A.ccasinallyB.recentlyC.instantlyD.ultimately
42.A.fundB.ruinC.plluteD.mess
43.A.dutyB.graceC.cmpetitinD.skill
44.A.criticizeB.desireC.neglectD.learn
45.A.cageB.keepC.nticeD.hate
【答案】
31.D 32.C 33.B 34.B 35.C 36.C 37.C 38.A 39.C 40.D 41.A 42.A 43.B 44.B 45.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了狼曾经分布广泛,因人类捕杀家畜被赶走,在语言文学中常被妖魔化,但实际狼不攻击人类、很合群,嚎叫美丽,人们却因得不到狼代表的自然优雅状态而讨厌它。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它们遍布美国和加拿大、西伯利亚以及欧洲大陆的大部分地区,还有英国。A. ruled统治;B. migrated迁移;C. cncentrated集中;D. ranged分布,排列。根据上文“Once upn a time, much f the wrld was ppulated by wlves.”以及语境可知,此处表示狼曾经分布广泛,range all ver...表示“遍布……”,故选D。
32.考查动词短语辨析。句意:但是人类出现了,耕种土地,反对狼捕杀他们的家畜,于是逐渐把它们赶出了曾经属于它们的家园。A. set aside留出;B. apprved f赞成;C. bjected t反对;D. wrked ut解决。根据下文“gradually drve them ut f the hmes that had nce been theirs”可知,人类反对狼捕杀家畜,所以将狼赶走,故选C。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,在我们的语言和文学中,狼并不是受害者。A. killers杀手;B. victims受害者;C. characters角色;D. criminals罪犯。根据下文“In fairy stries, they are seen as evil and dangerus”结合hwever可知,在童话故事中狼被视为邪恶危险,此处转折说明在语言文学中狼不是受害者,故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在童话故事中,它们被视为邪恶和危险的,总是准备好吃人。A. reluctant不情愿的;B. ready准备好的;C. unlikely不太可能的;D. sure确定的。根据上文“In fairy stries, they are seen as evil and dangerus,”可知,狼被描绘成随时准备吃人的形象,be ready t d sth.表示“准备做某事”,故选B。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你真的想看看说英语的人是如何看待狼的,只要看看语言就知道了!A. lk表情;B. sund声音;C. language语言;D. behaviur行为。根据下文““A wlf in sheep’s clthing” is nt a pleasant persn and a “wlf-whistle” is nt a pleasant sund!”可知,这些都是英语中关于狼的表达,所以此处在通过语言来看人们对狼的看法,故选C。
36.考查动词词义辨析。句意:首先,它们不会攻击人类;事实上,它们尽力避开我们。A. avid避免;B. frighten使害怕;C. attack攻击;D. prtest抗议。根据下文“they d their best t keep ut f ur way”可知,狼尽力避开人类,也就是不会攻击人类,故选C。
37.考查形容词短语辨析。句意:它们是非常合群的动物,群居并照顾幼崽,这应该让一些人类感到羞愧。A. surprised at对……惊讶;B. pleased with对……满意;C. ashamed f对……羞愧;D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据上文“They are very sciable animals, living in packs and lking after their yung,”以及语境可知,狼群居照顾幼崽,而人类有时却做出不好的行为,所以这让一些人类感到羞愧,故选C。
38.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:狼的嚎叫——当满月在星光明亮的天空中升起时,整个狼群的叫声——不是喧闹的,而是自然界中最美丽的声音之一。A. lud大声的,喧闹的;B. peaceful和平的;C. musical音乐的;D. sft柔软的。根据下文“ne f the mst beautiful sunds in nature”可知,狼的嚎叫不是喧闹的,而是美丽的声音,故选A。
39.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当它们真的捕杀时,它们42颗大牙齿会毫不畏惧地发挥有效作用。A. run跑;B. jump跳;C. kill捕杀;D. cry哭。根据下文“their 42 large teeth are fearlessly effective”可知,狼捕杀时牙齿会发挥作用,故选C。
40.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但事实是,我们热爱丛林之王狮子,而我们却妖魔化世界上最美丽的动物之一——狼。A. pssibility可能性;B. mystery神秘;C. evidence证据;D. fact事实。根据下文“that we lve the lin, the king f the jungle, while we demnize (妖魔化) the wlf,”可知,这是客观存在的事实,故选D。
41.考查副词词义辨析。句意:只有作家才会偶尔善待它们;例如,据说一只母狼喂养了双胞胎雷穆斯和罗穆卢斯,他们后来建立了罗马城。A. ccasinally偶尔;B. recently最近;C. instantly立刻;D. ultimately最终。根据上文“Only”和下文“fr example, a she-wlf is suppsed t have fed the twins Remus and Rmulus,”可知,此处表示只有作家偶尔会善待狼,故选A。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意:只有作家才会偶尔善待它们;例如,据说一只母狼喂养了双胞胎雷穆斯和罗穆卢斯,他们后来建立了罗马城。A. fund建立;B. ruin毁灭;C. pllute污染;D. mess弄乱。根据上文“fr example, a she-wlf is suppsed t have fed the twins Remus and Rmulus,”以及下文“the city f Rme”可知,此处表示母狼喂养的双胞胎雷穆斯和罗穆卢斯后来建立了罗马城,故选A。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意:因此,当人类杀死数以百万计的动物,往往只是为了好玩时,狼代表了一种我们不知道也永远无法获得的自然优雅状态,即使我们在内心渴望它。A. duty职责;B. grace优雅;C. cmpetitin竞争;D. skill技能。根据下文“we d nt knw and can never btain”和“fr having smething we can never get ur hands n”可知,狼代表的是一种自然优雅的状态,故选B。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意:因此,当人类杀死数以百万计的动物,往往只是为了好玩时,狼代表了一种我们不知道也永远无法获得的自然优雅状态,即使我们在内心渴望它。A. criticize批评;B. desire渴望;C. neglect忽视;D. learn学习。根据上文“we d nt knw and can never btain”和以及下文“in ur hearts”可知,我们在内心渴望这种状态,故选B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意:也许这就是为什么,最终,我们如此讨厌狼——因为它们拥有我们永远无法得到的东西。A. cage关进笼子;B. keep保持;C. ntice注意到;D. hate讨厌。根据下文“fr having smething we can never get ur hands n”可知,因为狼拥有我们得不到的东西,所以我们讨厌狼,故选D。
4.(2026·山东济南·模拟预测)Lia Zhi, a Chinese dancer, endured an unthinkable tragedy during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake — she lst bth her legs, her dance career seemingly 46 vernight. Yet, instead f submitting t despair, she chse t rebuild her life with 47 reslve.
After mnths f hard recvery training, Lia learned t walk n prsthetic limbs, a prcess filled with sharp pain and 48 setbacks. Her dream f dancing, hwever, never faded. She spent 49 hurs practicing. In 2013, she stunned audiences n a natinal dance cmpetitin shw, 50 her passin fr life in a red dress.
Beynd the stage, Lia has becme a symbl f resilience. She funded a charity t 51 earthquake survivrs and disabled peple. “Disability is nt a dead end,” she ften says. “It’s a new path t discver strength yu never knew yu 52 .”
Her jurney reflects a universal 53 : the human spirit can surpass physical restrictins, prving that even in the 54 times, hpe and determinatin can turn tragedy int triumph. Tday, she cntinues t dance, teach, and advcate, shwing the wrld that true beauty and strength cme frm within, unbrken by life’s greatest 55 .
She nce said that every fall during practice taught her t stand up mre 56 . Fr her, dance is n lnger just a career but a(n) 57 f life — a way t express her lve fr the wrld and inspire thse feeling 58 by misfrtune. She believes adversity is nt a punishment, but a 59 t grw and becme a better neself. T this day, Lia still takes the stage with a smile, her steps telling a stry f hpe that 60 millins arund the wrld.
46.A.fundedB.rescuedC.innvatedD.shattered
47.A.unyieldingB.unavidableC.uncertainD.uncnscius
48.A.scarceB.ccasinalC.repeatedD.slight
49.A.limitedB.cuntlessC.briefD.spare
50.A.hidingB.expressingC.cveringD.hindering
51.A.judgeB.blameC.supprtD.scld
52.A.pssessedB.prpsedC.demandedD.desired
53.A.fictinB.truthC.theryD.stry
54.A.brightestB.lngestC.busiestD.darkest
55.A.pprtunitiesB.achievementsC.challengesD.successes
56.A.bravelyB.bitterlyC.casuallyD.secretly
57.A.styleB.attitudeC.cnceptD.habit
58.A.defeatedB.mtivatedC.praisedD.affected
59.A.reasnB.barrierC.chanceD.cnsequence
60.A.astnishesB.puzzlesC.discuragesD.tuches
【答案】
46.D 47.A 48.C 49.B 50.B 51.C 52.A 53.B 54.D 55.C 56.A 57.B 58.A 59.C 60.D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了汶川地震中失去双腿的舞蹈演员廖智以坚韧不拔的意志重新站起来,通过舞蹈和慈善事业激励他人的感人故事。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:廖智,一位中国舞蹈演员,在2008年汶川地震中经历了难以想象的悲剧——她失去了双腿,舞蹈生涯似乎一夜之间被粉碎。A. funded建立;B. rescued拯救;C. innvated创新;D. shattered粉碎。根据上文“she lst bth her legs”可知,失去双腿对舞蹈生涯是毁灭性的打击,故选D。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,她没有屈服于绝望,而是选择以不屈的决心重建生活。A. unyielding不屈的;B. unavidable不可避免的;C. uncertain不确定的;D. uncnscius无意识的。根据上文“instead f submitting t despair”可知,她决心坚定。故选A。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:经过几个月的艰苦康复训练,廖智学会了用假肢行走,这个过程充满了剧痛和反复的挫折。A. scarce稀缺的;B. ccasinal偶尔的;C. repeated反复的;D. slight轻微的。由上文“a prcess filled with sharp pain”可知,挫折应是频繁的,即反复发生的。故选C。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她花费了无数的时间练习。A. limited有限的;B. cuntless无数的;C. brief短暂的;D. spare空闲的。根据上文“Her dream f dancing, hwever, never faded.”可知,她努力康复并最终登上舞台可知,她投入了大量时间。故选B。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:2013年,她在全国舞蹈比赛节目中惊艳了观众,用红裙子表达她对生活的热爱。A. hiding隐藏;B. expressing表达;C. cvering覆盖;D. hindering阻碍。根据下文“her passin fr life”可知,她是在表达热爱。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她成立了一个慈善机构来支持地震幸存者和残疾人。A. judge判断;B. blame责备;C. supprt支持;D. scld责骂。由上文“She funded a charity”可知,慈善机构的目的是提供帮助。故选C。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“残疾不是死路,”她常说,“这是一条新路,去发现你从未知道自己拥有的力量。”A. pssessed拥有;B. prpsed提议;C. demanded要求;D. desired渴望。根据上文“strength yu never knew yu”可知,是自身拥有的力量。故选A。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的经历揭示了一个普遍的真理:人类精神能够超越身体的限制,这证明了即便在最黑暗的时刻,希望和决心也能将悲剧转化为胜利。A. fictin虚构;B. truth真理;C. thery理论;D. stry故事。下文“the human spirit can surpass physical restrictins”是一个普遍的真理。故选B。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她的经历揭示了一个普遍的真理:人类精神能够超越身体的限制,这证明了即便在最黑暗的时刻,希望和决心也能将悲剧转化为胜利。A. brightest最明亮的;B. lngest最长的;C. busiest最忙的;D. darkest最黑暗的。与tragedy对应,应为黑暗时刻。故选D。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意:如今,她依然坚持跳舞、教学和倡导,向世界展示真正的美丽与力量源于内心,不被人生最大的挑战所摧毁。A. pprtunities机会;B. achievements成就;C. challenges挑战;D. successes成功。根据前文“the human spirit can surpass physical restrictins, prving that even in the ... times, hpe and determinatin can turn tragedy int triumph.”和文章内容可知,她克服困难,所以不应被人生最大的挑战所摧毁。故选C。
56.考查副词词义辨析。句意:她曾经说过,练习中的每一次跌倒都教会她更勇敢地站起来。A. bravely 勇敢地;B. bitterly 痛苦地;C. casually 随意地;D. secretly 秘密地。由“every fall”和“stand up”可知,是勇敢面对。故选A。
57.考查名词词义辨析。句意:对她来说,舞蹈不再仅仅是一种职业,而是一种生活的态度——一种表达她对世界的爱的方式,并激励那些因不幸而感到挫败的人。A. style风格;B. attitude态度;C. cncept概念;D. habit习惯。破折号后后面的内容“a way t express her lve fr the wrld”解释为表达爱的方式,因此舞蹈体现了她对生活的态度。故选B。
58.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对她来说,舞蹈不再仅仅是一种职业,而是一种生活的态度——一种表达她对世界的爱的方式,并激励那些因不幸而感到挫败的人。A. defeated被击败的;B. mtivated被激励的;C. praised被赞扬的;D. affected受影响的。由“inspire”可知,激励的是那些感到挫败的人。故选A。
59.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她相信逆境不是惩罚,而是一个成长和成为更好自己的机会。A. reasn原因;B. barrier障碍;C. chance机会;D. cnsequence结果。根据“nt a punishment, but ...”和“t grw and becme a better neself”可知,是机会让一个人成长并成为更好的自己。故选C。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意:直到今天,廖智仍然带着微笑走上舞台,她的舞步讲述着一个希望的故事,感动了全世界数百万人。A. astnishes使惊讶;B. puzzles使困惑;C. discurages使气馁;D. tuches感动。由上文“stry f hpe”可知,她的故事是感动人心的。故选D。
5.(2026·辽宁·一模)When 17-year-ld inventr Lin Ta presented his slar-pwered backpack at a yuth innvatin fair, he never anticipated his design wuld be cpied. The backpack, which 61 a fldable slar panel t charge phnes, wn him first prize and als attentin frm an electrnics cmpany. What fllwed was a tw-mnth 62 t defend his intellectual prperty (IP) , a jurney that taught him far mre than any textbk.
Lin’s 63 struck during a schl camping trip. Frustrated by dead phne batteries, he spent six mnths researching materials, ften staying up late t 64 the panel’s angle t catch the mst sunlight fr maximum efficiency. The grundbreaking backpack 65 a natinal yuth innvatin grant and nn-prfit supprt, enabling Lin’s team t imprve the design fr mass-prducing 1,000 backpacks 66 dnated t a rural African primary schl. When phts f the students using the backpacks 67 scial media, the jyful feedback was their greatest 68 .
Hwever, excitement turned t disappintment when a friend sptted an nline stre selling a virtually 69 backpack. Shcked and 70 , Lin gathered evidence — sketches, test vides, fair dcuments — and cnsulted an IP lawyer. The cmpany initially 71 the claim, arguing independent develpment, but Lin insisted. He prved his unique design 72 a cmmn verheating prblem. After several 73 f negtiatins, the cmpany aplgized publicly and cmpensated (赔偿) him.
“IP prtectin isn’t just fr big cmpanies,” Lin said. “Yung inventrs 74 t have their ideas safeguarded — it’s abut respecting creativity itself.” “Dn’t be afraid t 75 yur wrk,” he advises. “Yur ideas are valuable, and prtecting them is the first step t turn innvatin int reality.”
61.A.integratedB.decratedC.cveredD.replaced
62.A.battleB.turC.cmpetitinD.race
63.A.insightB.inspiratinC.ambitinD.cause
64.A.adaptB.checkC.adjustD.measure
65.A.demandedB.expectedC.requiredD.secured
66.A.specificallyB.randmlyC.rughlyD.effectively
67.A.attackedB.fldedC.rushedD.influenced
68.A.prfitB.benefitC.bnusD.reward
69.A.distinctB.distinguishedC.identicalD.intense
70.A.guiltyB.ashamedC.angryD.envius
71.A.dubtedB.deniedC.acceptedD.admitted
72.A.spttedB.investigatedC.bservedD.addressed
73.A.sessinsB.rutesC.phasesD.runds
74.A.preserveB.deserveC.intendD.prmise
75.A.stand up frB.put up withC.make up frD.cme up with
【答案】
61.A 62.A 63.B 64.C 65.D 66.A 67.B 68.D 69.C 70.C 71.B 72.D 73.D 74.B 75.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述17岁发明家林涛在青年创新展上展示太阳能背包获奖后,其设计遭抄袭,他经过两个月维权成功,强调了保护知识产权对年轻发明家的重要性。
61.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这款背包集成了可折叠太阳能板,用于给手机充电,为他赢得了一等奖,也吸引了一家电子公司的关注。A. integrated集成;B. decrated装饰;C. cvered覆盖;D. replaced替换。根据后文“a fldable slar panel t charge phnes”可知,背包集成了太阳能板来充电。故选A。
62.考查名词词义辨析。句意:接下来是为期两个月的捍卫他知识产权的战斗,这段经历教给他的东西远比任何教科书都多。A. battle战斗;B. tur旅行;C. cmpetitin竞争;D. race比赛。根据后文“defend his intellectual prperty”可知,捍卫知识产权就像一场战斗。故选A。
63.考查名词词义辨析。句意:林涛的灵感来自一次学校露营旅行。A. insight洞察力;B. inspiratin灵感;C. ambitin抱负;D. cause原因。根据后文“Frustrated by dead phne batteries, he spent six mnths researching materials, ften staying up late t _____ the panel’s angle t catch the mst sunlight fr maximum efficiency.”可知,他因为露营时手机没电而研发背包可知,是这次露营旅行给他带来了灵感。故选B。
64.考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于手机电池没电而感到沮丧,他花了六个月时间研究材料,经常熬夜调整太阳能板的角度,以捕获最多的阳光,实现最高效率。A. adapt适应;B. check检查;C. adjust调整;D. measure测量。根据后文“the panel’s angle t catch the mst sunlight”可知,是调整角度来捕获阳光。故选C。
65.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这款开创性的背包获得了国家青年创新资助和非营利组织的支持,使林涛的团队能够改进设计,为大规模生产1000个背包做准备,这些背包专门捐赠给了一所非洲农村小学。A. demanded要求;B. expected期望;C. required需要;D. secured获得。根据后文“a natinal yuth innvatin grant and nn-prfit supprt”可知,是获得了资助和支持。故选D。
66.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这款开创性的背包获得了国家青年创新资助和非营利组织的支持,使林涛的团队能够改进设计,为大规模生产1000个背包做准备,这些背包专门捐赠给了一所非洲农村小学。A. specifically专门地;B. randmly随机地;C. rughly粗略地;D. effectively有效地。根据后文“dnated t a rural African primary schl”可知,这些背包是专门捐赠给这所小学的。故选A。
67.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当学生们使用背包的照片充斥社交媒体时,这些欢乐的反馈是他们最大的奖励。A. attacked攻击;B. flded充斥,大量涌入;C. rushed冲;D. influenced影响。根据前文“When phts f the students using the backpacks”以及后文“scial media”可知,这里指照片大量出现在社交媒体上,fld有“充斥”的意思。故选B。
68.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当学生们使用背包的照片充斥社交媒体时,这些欢乐的反馈是他们最大的奖励。A. prfit利润;B. benefit益处;C. bnus奖金;D. reward奖励。根据前文“the jyful feedback”可知,学生使用背包后的欢乐反馈对林涛他们来说是一种奖励。故选D。
69.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,当一个朋友发现一家网店在销售一款几乎一模一样的背包时,兴奋变成了失望。A. distinct不同的;B. distinguished著名的;C. identical相同的;D. intense强烈的。根据“a friend sptted an nline stre selling a virtuall”以及后面林涛维权可知,网店卖的背包和他的几乎一样。故选C。
70.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:震惊又愤怒的林涛收集了证据——草图、测试视频、展会文件——并咨询了一位知识产权律师。A. guilty内疚的;B. ashamed羞愧的;C. angry愤怒的;D. envius羡慕的。根据常识可知,自己的设计被抄袭,应该是感到愤怒。故选C。
71.考查动词词义辨析。句意:该公司最初否认了这一指控,辩称是自主研发,但林涛坚持自己的主张。A. dubted怀疑;B. denied否认;C. accepted接受;D. admitted承认。根据“arguing independent develpment”可知,公司否认抄袭。故选B。
72.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他证明了自己独特的设计解决了一个常见的过热问题。A. sptted发现;B. investigated调查;C. bserved观察;D. addressed解决。根据后文“a cmmn verheating prblem”可知,是设计解决了过热问题。故选D。
73.考查名词词义辨析。句意:经过几轮谈判,该公司公开道歉并对他进行了赔偿。A. sessins会议;B. rutes路线;C. phases阶段;D. runds轮。根据后文“f negtiatins, the cmpany aplgized publicly and cmpensated (赔偿) him.”可知,这里指经过几轮谈判。故选D。
74.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“知识产权保护不仅仅适用于大公司,”林涛说。“年轻发明家理应让自己的想法得到保护——这关乎对创造力本身的尊重。”A. preserve保护;B. deserve应得,理应;C. intend打算;D. prmise承诺。根据后文“it’s abut respecting creativity itself.”可知,这里指年轻发明家应该得到知识产权保护。故选B。
75.考查动词短语辨析。句意:“不要害怕为自己的作品挺身而出,”他建议道。“你的想法很有价值,保护它们是将创新变为现实的第一步。”A. stand up fr为……挺身而出;B. put up with忍受;C. make up fr弥补;D. cme up with想出。根据后文“prtecting them is the first step t turn innvatin int reality”可知,要为自己作品争取保护,即挺身而出。故选A。
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