专题一：名词（课件） 2026年中考英语二轮语法专项突破

这是一份专题一：名词（课件） 2026年中考英语二轮语法专项突破，共48页。PPT课件主要包含了可数名词及其单复数，watches，countries， photos，tomatoes，knives，beliefs，sheep，women，children等内容，欢迎下载使用。
所有可数名词都有单数和复数两种形式：表示单一概念时用单数形式，并用 a 或 an 修饰；表示两个及以上的概念用复数形式。可数名词的复数变化规则可分为规则变化和不规则变化。
1.可数名词复数形式的规则变化
2.可数名词复数形式的不规则变化
3.复合名词的复数变化规则
复合名词变复数的关键是找到“核心词”：
(1)多数情况下，将复合名词的最后一个名词变为复数：a by student→tw by studentsan apple tree→six apple trees
a she factry→tw she factries
(2)由“man/wman＋名词”构成的复合名词，man/wman 和名词
a man teacher→ten men teachers
a wman nurse→many wmen nurses
(3)由“名词＋介词/介词短语”构成的复合名词，将第一个名词变
sister-in-law→sisters-in-lawpasser-by→passers-bylker-n→lkers-n
★技巧：判断可数名词用单数还是复数
①看名词前是否有 a/an/ne/this/that →如果有，则使用单数形式；看名词前是否有 →如果有，则使用复数形式；
②看谓语动词单复数→反推名词单复数；③结合语境含义(数量、类别)最终确认。
1.(2025 淮 安 )Many ________(tree) are planted every year t makeur city beautiful.2.(2025 宿 迁 )Munt Huangshan is always full f v________ thewhle year.3.(2024 眉 山 )—Tm! Please brush yur t________ carefully twice aday!—OK, I will.
4.(2024 甘南)There are ________(德国人) in ur grup.5.(2024 兰州)These nice ________(pht) were taken by my teachers
6.(2024 临夏)There are many _______(sheep) eating grass ver there.7.(2023 盘锦)Spiders are insects with eight ________(ft).8.(2023 大连)During a meal in the West, peple use ________(knife)and frks mst f the time.9.(2023 德阳)Mr.Yang's h______ include singing, painting and playing
10.(2024 西藏)There are many famus ______ in the Chinese herB.wmen heresC.wmen herD.wman heres
再提能力——小语篇训练(语法选择)Keeping a hme tidy requires effrt.A gd first step is t srt itemsint different __11__ and label them clearly.Yu can place them n wall__12__ t save flr space.This als helps prevent __13__ frm findingplaces t hide.In the kitchen, it's wise t prperly stre all fd.Freshvegetables, like __14__, shuld be kept in the fridge.These simple habitscreate a clean and safe envirnment fr all the __15__ in the family,ensuring their health and well-being.
不可数名词是指无法用数目来计算的名词，通常分为抽象名词和物质名词，它们没有复数形式，也不能直接用不定冠词(a/an)或数词修饰。
1.常考查的不可数名词
(1)表示具体的数量：a/an/数词＋量词＋f＋不可数名词
advice→a piece f advice 一条建议；sme wrds f advice 一些建议infrmatin→a piece f infrmatin 一条信息; three items f infrmatin
water→a bttle f water 一瓶水；tw glasses f water 两杯水(2)表示大概的数量：在不可数名词前加修饰语
★拓展：表示名词的量的修饰语
在特定的语境下，不可数名词可以变为可数名词：
(1)抽象名词指代某一次具体的经历、行为或表现时，可以用作可
Her travels gave her many interesting experiences. 旅行给了她很多
The prject was ne f his greatest successes. 这个项目是他最成功
It was a pleasure t meet yu.见到你很开心。
(2)当物质名词表示物质、材料、抽象概念的具体类别时，可以用
The restaurant serves fds frm different cuntries.这家餐厅提供各
We have different teas: green tea, black tea, and lng.我们有不同
的茶：绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶。
先练基础——单句训练Ⅰ.单项选择1.Dn't wrry! There is still ________ time left fr yu t finish the
B.a fewD.several
2.T stay healthy, yu shuld eat mre fruit and vegetables, and less________.
B.a meatD.sme meats
3.Culd yu please buy tw ________ f milk frm the supermarket
Ⅱ.单句改错4.I have received many infrmatin abut the summer camp.many→much5.There are t much traffic n the rad n Mnday mrnings.are→is
再提能力——小语篇训练(语篇填词)Cking at hme ffers many great benefits.By chsing fresh ingredients( 食 材 ), yu can make meals that are much better fr yur 6.h________.
Yu als cntrl the salt and sugar.
As a kind f art, trying new recipes brings jy and a sense f sme think cking takes t much 8.t_______, many simple dishesare actually quick t prepare.Furthermre, it teaches us patience and is avaluable 9.s________ fr everyne.Overall, cking can easily becme a happy 10.p______ f yur dailylife.
★注意：it's 是 it is 的缩写形式，不是所有格。
★拓展：'s 所有格的特殊用法——共同所有与分别所有
①共同所有：多个名词共同拥有某物，只在最后一个名词后加's，
Lucy and Lily's mther(露西和莉莉的妈妈，两人的妈妈是同一个
②分别所有：多个名词分别拥有某物，每个名词后都加's，如：Lucy's and Lily's rms(露西的房间和莉莉的房间，两人拥有不同
当表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时，常用双重所有格的形式表示整体中的一部分，其构成为“a/an/this/that/these/thse/...＋名词＋f＋'s 所有格/名词性物主代词”，表示“某人/某物所拥有的人或事物中的一个/一些”。
She is a friend f my mther's.(我妈妈有很多朋友，她是其中之一)I fund a letter f yurs n the desk.(你的信很多，我找到的是其中
These bks f the teacher's are very useful.(老师的书有很多，这些
Ⅰ.用所给单词的正确形式填空1.(2025 龙 东 地 区 )Chinese peple use twelve animals t name theyear f a ________(persn) birth.2.(2024 西 藏 )Many f the students never leave the hmetwn.It'sthese ___________(teenager) dream t visit the Palace Museum.3.(2024 兰州)We had a bad time that day, but the next ________(day)trip was pretty gd.
4.(2024 龙东地区)It is reprted that 30 ________(minute) walk everyday is healthy enugh.5.Tday is my ________________(mther-in-law) birthday.I want tmake a bwl f lng ndles fr her.
mther-in-law's
6.(2025 绥化)They all think my eyes lk bigger than ________.
A.my brther
B.my brthers
C.my brther's
7.(2024 西藏)________ father wrks in the plice statin.
A.Eric and Helen'sC.Eric's and Helen
B.Eric and HelenD.Eric's and Helen's
8.(2023 郴州)My parents tk me t the amusement park n _______Day.There were s many exciting things t d there.
A.Children's
9.—Are yu sure this is a pht _______, the famus cmedy actress?—It surprised yu, didn't it? But she was nce really thin.
A.Jia LingC.f Jia Ling
B.Jia Ling'sD.f Jia Ling's
10.This mrning, I read ________ newspaper and learned a lt.
名词词义辨析主要在完形填空题型中进行考查，主要考查名词在语境中的词义辨析，要求考生能通过对上下文的理解，选择合适的词汇。同时，名词也是语篇填词题型的重要考点，要求考生根据语境和首字母提示写出完整的单词。
1.My English teacher gave me sme useful _____ n hw t imprvemy reading skills.
C.suggestin
2.Althugh the ld man is nearly 80, he still has a strng and pwerful________.
3.After graduating frm cllege, my brther began t lk fr a new
________ in Shanghai.A.wrk
4.What's the ________ f this bike? I think I can't affrd it.
5.Our teacher is always patient with us.Whenever we have a _______,she explains it t us again and again.(prblem, questin)6.My father always tells me that getting up early is a gd ________.(habit, hbby)7.Be careful! The ________ is wet and muddy after the rain.(grund,flr)
再提能力——小语篇训练(完形填空)
My first trip t the cuntryside was an unfrgettable __8__.Myparents wanted t escape stressful city life, seeking fresh air and less __9__,s we visited my uncle's farm.
His farm was full f __10__.I saw several sheep eating grass n a hill.My uncle gave me special __11__ n hw t act arund them, warning thata sudden lud __12__ culd frighten them.
Helping my uncle was a great part f the trip.It wasn't an easy __13__,as I had t get up early every mrning.He als taught me why the __14__f his vegetables was lw: he sld them directly t visitrs.The week was awnderful __15__ frm the pressure f city life.
【语法点针对训练】语法选择
Our schl hlds many interesting __1__ every year, and the CultureFestival last mnth was ne f them.My __2__ decisin was t perfrm amdern play based n an ld stry.
T prepare fr it, ur teacher gave us sme useful __3__.The stry wechse was abut a farmer and his three clever __4__.In the stry, they hadt fight against tw bad __5__ wh tried t steal their farm animals.Fr thestage backgrund, we needed many green paper __6__ t create a frestscene.We als needed a lt f __7__ t build a small huse.
All the students wrked hard tgether.The __8__ was the highlight, swe practiced every day.The success f the play depended n every __9__hard wrk.The supprt frm ur __10__ was als a great encuragement tus.They helped prepare sme nice __11__ fr everyne t share after theshw.On the day f the festival, ur perfrmance was a huge success.Wereceived many __12__ f gd feedback frm the teachers.After the shw,ur mnitr tk a lt f __13__ f us n stage.It was such a great day!Walking hme was nly a __14__ jurney, but the happy __15__ wuldstay with me fr a lng time.
'sB.advices
C.an advice
D.sme advices
C.a sheepC.wlveC.leaveC.a wd
B.perfrmance
C.perfrmance's
D.perfrmances'
C.students'C.parents'
C.fdsC.a piecesC.phts
D.many fdD.the pieceD.a phts
B.ten-minute's
C.ten-minutes
D.ten-minutes'
【中考题型训练】完形填空
(2024 广州)“Hell, Mr.Li，” I said sweetly.“I came t ask if I culd
help paint the psters fr the Reading Day.I dn't mind __1__ fr thewhle day at the library tmrrw.”
“Aren't yu ging t the ld peple's hme？” Mr.Li asked.
“My class is ging.But I culd have a(n) __2__ if yu need my help.”“Thanks, Janet.But I think yu culd cme after schl tmrrw.”__3__, there was n way ut.I had t g.
The next day, when my classmates were talking with the ld peple, Ireally felt nervus t __4__ any f them.I sat there n my wn hlding thecard I made the night befre.
Acrss the rm there was an ld lady in a wheelchair.She was __5__,t.Maybe I culd hand my card t her.It might brighten her day.Scarefully, I went t her.
“Thank yu, Janet.” The ld lady reached fr the card but her hand
was nwhere near it.I suddenly realized that she was __6__.
“What des yur card lk like？” The ld lady asked.I __7__ my
card patiently.Her fingers tuched every inch f it.She culdn't enjymre...
T sn, it was time t return.But I didn't want t __8__.“Thanks fr yur cming, Janet! I'll keep this card t rememberyu.”“I'm srry yu can't see it.I wished I had brught yu a better gift，”I said.“The best gift，” the ld lady said, “was yur __9__, Janet.”With tears, I felt light and warm.I culdn't wait t cme back t seemy new __10__ again.