2026年上海市松江区高三下学期二模英语试卷含答案

这是一份2026年上海市松江区高三下学期二模英语试卷含答案，共24页。试卷主要包含了 that， hw / why， remves， t strengthen， cncentrated， greater等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Finding Fcus in a Distracted Wrld
It is really hard t prevent yur mind frm wandering. Mst peple remember (1)(tell) t stp daydreaming and fcus at schl; fr adults, maintaining cncentratin remains a challenge. Therefre, there is necessity fr us t understand the science behind fcus and recgnize the very strategies (2)can make a substantial difference.
Scientists, after their explratin f (3) ur brain’s cncentratin is enhanced, have uncvered practical strategies fr staying “in the zne”. Accrding t Science Fcus, managing yur envirnment is essential. Silence ffers the best cnditins fr deep cncentratin. And gentle backgrund nise, (4) cffee shp talking, als shws effectiveness in imprving cncentratin. Furthermre, switching ff instant messages r pwering dwn smartphnes (5)(remve) significant digital distractins and sharpens fcus n immediate tasks.
Besides envirnmental adjustments, anther effective methd invlves mental training. Attentin researcher Nilli Lavie frm University Cllege Lndn has discvered that making tasks visually exhausting ccupies mre prcessing pwer, decreasing the pssibility fr distractins. And this discvery suggests that (6)(strengthen) ur ability t maintain attentin, we shuld train ur mind t activate mre prcessing pwer when facing tasks.
Mre practical techniques are intrduced t keep yur mind (7)(cncentrate) n what yu are ding. Selecting a wrkspace free frm temptatin, creating a t-d list ranking tasks clearly, r even chewing gum prves beneficial. Research suggests chewing may ccupy certain brain regins that are easily distracted, thus anchring attentin mre effectively. These behaviral adjustments wrk wnderfully well respectively, and when cmbined, they can imprve fcus t a (8)(great) extent.
Nevertheless, distractin is nt entirely negative. Science Fcus ntes that cnstant, steady fcus wuld cause us t verlk ptential threats and ther imprtant envirnmental changes. In this sense, distractin serves an essential survival functin. The key takeaway is balance: (9)we shuld apply strategies t imprve cncentratin, we must recgnize that a distractin-free state is neither realistic nr desirable. Ultimately, a balanced mental state, (10)
that allws fr bth fcused wrk and envirnmental awareness, remains the healthiest lng-term apprach.
Sectin B
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Why Are Phts Taken During Blue Hur?
As a prfessinal phtgrapher, I’ve taken many f my favrite pictures at blue hur—the time f day befre sunrise r after sunset when the atmsphere has a deep, dark blue clr. Blue hur is nt really an hur—its exact length depends n yur lcatin, time f year, and weather cnditins. The imprtant thing is that the sun is a(n) 11 way beneath the hrizn s the sky has neither t many nr t few sunrise r sunset clrs—mainly just blue.
There are reasns why blue hur is s precius. First, nt as many peple take phts at blue hur cmpared t sunrise and sunset. This gives yu the chance t capture appealing images at ppular lcatins with limited r even zer crwds. Secnd, blue hur seizes certain emtins in the scenes that are 12 tricky t express. The clr blue carries its wn unique emtinal expressin: sadness, peace, and s n. If yur pht 13 such emtinal expressin, it’s hard t ignre this time f day. Third, blue hur cmbines tunes f a pht int an integrated whle. I nce struggled t keep clrs in my phts in 14 fr the best pssible results but failed. Frtunately, the magic pwer f blue hur helps t 15 that. Green trees, yellw flwers and red rcks all appear sme kind f blue— 16 clrs g alng well in the images taken at that time. Furth, there is pssibility that ther 17 f light, such as warm light frm buildings, create an imprtant circumstance when prtins f yur pht d nt turn blue during the blue hur. In such a case, yur pht has a beautiful range-blue clr 18 —a lvely flavr beynd its previus harmnius presence. Hwever, there is usually nly a brief windw when the natural and artificial lights are abut the same brightness, s a(n) 19 click f the camera buttn is the critical step t make fr the mst even expsure between them.
In spite f the careful techniques and right settings the blue hur phtgraphy requires, it 20
yu with great pictures. The emtins f blue hur d nt wrk fr each scene r pht, but when they d, yu will be amazed.
A. accmplish
B. barely
C. cntrast
D. decent
E. demands
F. harmny
G. multiple
H. therwise
I. rewards
J. surces
K. timely
Reading Cmprehensin Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Researchers frm Rensselaer Plytechnic Institute and Yale University have successfully develped a 3D biprinting methd that prduces wrking artificial skin with full bld vessel ( 血管) netwrks. This represents an imprtant step frward in making skin 21 that can successfully jin with the bdy’s riginal system.
Current medical chices fr serius burn sufferers and patients with large wunds remain
22 . One is self-dnated skin transplants. While useful when they wrk, they may cause new wunds at the dnatin areas and are ften restricted by hw much healthy skin is available, which can be very 23 fr patients with extensive burns. The ther chice is the standard artificial skin prduct, usually made frm animal skin. They act as shrt-term bilgical cverings that lack functinal bld vessels and ften meet immune (免疫的) system 24 . This can cause tissue damage, and the eventual lss f the transplant. Mre advanced alternatives that can 25 human skin’s structure and functin are in urgent need.
26 , the research team uses a special bi-ink t reprduce the skin. They use skin cells frm part f a baby’s bdy t cnstitute the 27 . Fr the underlying layer, they use a mixture f cells frm a baby’s bld frm the birth crd (脐带) and a sticky substance frm rat tails.
After the layer-by-layer printing, the cells frm detailed bld vessel netwrks similar t 28 bld vessels. Test
results have shwn utstanding success in animal studies, with artificial skin shwing wrking bld vessels 29 the mice’s wn bld flw within fur weeks. This allws cntinuus bld flw between the riginal system and the 30 , bsting survival and tissue develpment.
Despite these 31 develpments, a lng jurney lies ahead befre medical use becmes pssible. Researchers first need t develp fully 32 alternatives because the current use f animal skin risks immune reactins. 33 , the technlgy requires further develpment t include imprtant skin parts such as hair rts and feeling nerves. And skin clr cntrl, achievable 34
by adding clr cells, needs experimental assessment t ensure steady and visually matching results acrss different patient grups.
Thugh things like vercming regulatry barriers pse equally critical challenges alngside technical develpment, the science cmmunity widely agrees that 3D biprinting hlds significant ptential t 35 burn and wund care.
A. replacementsB. bstersC. dressingsD. infectins
A. cmplicatedB. tughC. unsatisfactryD. cnscius
A. plentifulB. scarceC. meaninglessD. cnfusing
A. recgnitinB. rejectinC. tleranceD. ignrance
A. affectB. plishC. alterD. cpy
A. T set an exampleB. T cmpare with this C. T address thisD. T make it clear
A. edgeB. surfaceC. tipD. structure
A. naturalB. tempraryC. availableD. special
A. reacting againstB. withdrawing frmC. settling nD. integrating with
A. implantB. dnrC. animalD. tissue
A. prmisingB. slightC. expensiveD. elementary
A. gvernment-funded B. mass-prducedC. human-basedD. lab-made
A. HweverB. AdditinallyC. TherefreD. Accrdingly
A. n purpseB. at randmC. by accidentD. in thery
A. maintainB. transfrmC. publicizeD. enrich
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
The summer I turned 40, I started running—nt in an athletic r disciplined way, but desperately, almst breathlessly. I was struggling with anxiety after giving birth t ur secnd child. My mind felt like a rm with 100 vices, all f them screaming. I culdn’t quiet the panic. A dctr suggested that instead f trying t calm my thughts, I shuld try t cnnect with my bdy. “Start small,” she said, “Just mve.”
S, I put n an ld pair f sprts shes. My gal was t run t the end f my street—just ne mailbx dwn. I made it, but my lungs burned and my legs shk. I walked hme, defeated. Yet, the next day, I tried again. And the day after that.
Slwly, the mailbx turned int tw mailbxes, then a lap arund the blck. I was slw. I was awkward. But I was mving.
During thse runs, I began t understand smething. Running, especially when yu dn’t feel like it, is an act f leadership ver yur wn sul. Yu are bth the president and the citizen f yur bdy. The part f yu that wants t quit, t g hme, t cllapse n the sfa, is the tired citizen. The part f yu that says, “Just ne mre step,” “Just t that tree,” is the president—the ne wh must decide fr the gd f the whle, wh must carry the weight f the effrt even when it’s hard.
My anxiety had made me a passive passenger in my wn life. Running taught me hw t shw up and lead. It was n a run, abut three mnths in, struggling up a hill, that a clear thught brke thrugh the mental nise: “I am ding smething hard, and I am kay.” My bdy, which had felt like the rt f my failure (t tired, t weak, t anxius), became the rt f my strength.
I never ran a marathn. My pace never gt impressively fast. But I learned t run like a president: t make the hard chice t mve frward when every fiber wants t stp; 39.
What is the best title fr this passage?
Silencing the 100 VicesB. Frm Mailbxes t Marathns
C. Running as the President f Yur Own LifeD. The Restrative Pwer f a Dctr’s Advice
Why did the writer start running?
T deal with her hearing prblem.B. T manage anxiety thrugh mvement.
C. T cunter the panic abut aging after 40.D. T create persnal space in a crwded wrld.
The sentence “Running taught me hw t shw up and lead.” in paragraph 5 indicates that .
I figured ut hw t shw up n the running track
running taught me t let the bdy naturally lead the sul
I discvered hw t take cntrl f my life thrugh running
running helped me stp being passive and start leading thers
Which f the fllwing best fits in the blank in the last paragraph?
t claim my presence in a distant wrld—t feel real again
t keep ging even when I can’t run fast—t lead a slw life
t meet the part f myself I run away frm—the imperfect part
t bear the discmfrt fr a greater gd—the gd f my wn life
(B)
Hw t Observe Variable Stars
Variable stars are, as the name suggests, stars that vary in brightness. They can be interesting t bserve, and this is where amateur astrnmy can make great cntributins t the prfessinal area.
Step 1: Finding Variable Stars
#1 G ut bserving stars. G ut and familiarize yurself with the stars. #2 Identify a variable star yu want t bserve (target star).
#3 Find a cuple f nn-variable stars (guide stars) near yur star. These stars shuld be f a similar brightness t yur target star.
#4 Cmpare hw bright the variable star is t the guide stars every night.
Step 2: Recrding Yur Observatins
#1 Get yurself a ntebk and a pencil. If yu need a flashlight, place a red filter (过滤器) when the light shines thrugh. Using a flashlight withut ding this will ruin yur night visin.
#2 At the tp, write dwn the name f the target star and then the guide stars.
#3 Every night, recrd hw bright yur target star is cmpared t the guide stars. Write dwn the date and time as well.
#4 Try drawing a chart f hw yur target star changes in its brightness. The chart can help yu identify what type f variable star yu are bserving.
Step 3: Identifying the Types
#1 Based n yur chart, judge if yur target star belngs t the main types r the rarer types f variable stars. The main types generally have regular and predictable variatins, while the rarer types dn’t.
#2 If yur target star belngs t the main types f variable stars, click here fr reference charts t identify its subtype. If it belngs t the rarer types, refer t the fllwing explanatins and reference charts.
Flare stars spend mst f their time at a lw brightness, and smetimes, fr a few minutes, jump up in brightness.
Recurrent nvae are similar t flare stars, but they have much greater jumps in brightness, and jumps are a lt rarer.
R Crnae Brealis stars spend mst time at their maximum brightness. At unpredictable intervals, their brightness decreases quickly, and then ges back up.
Supernvae are rare events. When a star runs ut f fuel, its life changes dramatically. They are incredibly bright, but seeing ne with the naked eye can be a nce-in-a-lifetime event.
FlareRecurrent nva
R Crnae Brealis
Supernva
(* In the abve reference charts, T stands fr TIME; B stands fr BRIGHTNESS.)
We can learn abut star bservatin frm the passage that .
guide stars shuld be chsen befre a target starB. prper use f flashlights requires an extra device
C. Supernvae are better bserved with the naked eyeD. drawing charts is aimed t cmpare the target stars
Which f the fllwing chart best illustrates the change in brightness f a Recurrent nva?
B.C.D.
This passage is taken frm a website. Frm which sectin will we mstly like find it?
A. Career PlanningB. SightseeingC. Family vacatinsD. Prductive Hbbies
(C)
What makes the brain able t help us perfrm cmplex tasks in an amazing way? Precisin isn’t the answer; instead, it all cmes dwn t the brain’s messiness.
Hengen, a bilgist at Washingtn University, tgether with ther scientists, refers t this idea as the critical brain hypthesis (假说). Accrding t them, grey matter in ur brain lies near a tipping pint between rder and disrder that they call the critical zne. They reach the cnclusin that criticality—the state f being in the critical zne—ffers a pwerful set f guidelines fr understanding brain functin and dysfunctin. Therefre, the hypthesis may aid us t
figure ut the divide in intelligence and the purpse f sleep, amng ther things.
What makes peple smarter? That the healthy brain, while awake, never mves t far frm criticality suggests that it must carry sme great advantages. One f them is the range f infrmatin sending and prcessing. Since the critical systems are scale-invariant, signals can be passed ver bth small and large distances in the brain, which enables cmmunicatin bth within and between different brain regins. The fact that a healthy brain can explre the entire space fr slutins guarantees its excellent adaptiveness t new situatins. And the enhanced flexibility arising frm the critical zne culd be seen in an experiment dne in Finland. The participants had t play a cmputer game that cnstantly changed its rules, which required them t update their apprach quickly. The clser their brains were t the critical pint, the better they perfrmed. It is als suspected that the brain’s clseness t the critical pint may be especially imprtant fr creativity.
Why d peple sleep? Large departures frm the critical zne—either int rder r disrder—may cause brain dysfunctin. The lnger we wrk the brain, the further it mves frm the tipping pint, but sleep helps t tune it back. Hengen fund that withut that rest perid, the brain wuld fail t reach its best state, resulting in the reductin f cgnitive (认知的) perfrmance that has lng been knwn t accmpany sleeplessness. Accrding t O’Byrne frm the
University f Mntreal, the mst imprtant functin f sleep may be t allw the brain’s cnnectins t be adjusted and
t return whle-brain dynamics t the critical pint.
What des the expressin this idea in paragraph 2 mean?
The structure f the brain is a cmplex system.
Precisin f the tasks affects the brain’s functin.
The brain is able t cmplete given tasks in an amazing way.
Messiness f the brain enables it t handle cmplex prblems.
It can be inferred frm paragraph 3 that .
adaptability is nt as clsely cnnected t criticality as creativity
the changing rules prmtes peple’s perfrmance in playing games
signals’ quick passing in the brain represents its excellent adaptiveness
clseness t criticality allws crss-reginal cmmunicatin in the brain
What can we cnclude frm the last paragraph?
Frequent use f brain mves it frm disrder.
Sleep can serve t enlarge brain’s critical zne.
Sleep aids in bringing the brain back t criticality.
Brain’s appraching criticality causes sleeplessness.
What is the passage mainly abut?
When the brain reaches and leaves the tipping pint.
What the critical brain hypthesis means and reveals.
Hw criticality affects different peple’s intelligence.
Why brain functin and dysfunctin are s imprtant.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Furthermre, Dia helps the insurance cmpanies t assess elephant-related damages.
Nw varius preparatins f the park are prgressing steadily in line with gd planning.
Therefre, lcal peple decided t cmbine their wn effrts t drive the elephants away.
In respnse t the applicatin, lcal laws and plicies are made and enacted at a fast pace.
That is a severe prblem facing the lcal peple and different sides are attempting t slve it.
T him, the park is a cmbinatin f lcals’ peace and cntentment and elephants’ suitable habitats.
Effrts t Enhance Wild Elephant Cnservatin
Deep in the rainfrests f suthwest China’s Yunnan Prvince, every time winter cmes, the amunt f wild fd ges dwn, leading t elephants’ frequent visits t villages in search f fd. In Jiangcheng Cunty, Pu’er City, mre than 50 wild Asian elephants live all year rund. The damage they cause is shcking. 47
A dedicated team is nw wrking t ensure peaceful cexistence between humans and wild elephants, and Dia Faxing is the leader. He and his cwrkers are tasked with mnitring Asian elephants and giving alerts. They must track the mvements f dzens f elephants in real time ver nearly 1,000 square kilmeters. Once sptting elephants in the area, they give warnings t nearby villagers t keep their distance withut delay.
48 He explained that in 2010, Yunnan Prvince started a public insurance system fr wild animal incidents, fully funded by the gvernment. The elephants usually cme t eat villagers’ crps and then leave, which is almst like the lcals are raising them. When such incidents ccur, insurance cmpanies pay mney t husehlds t make up fr their lsses. Thanks t prper assessment f the damage and gvernment’s financial supprt, the system wrks smthly.
In 2022, Yunnan successfully applied t the State Cuncil t establish the Asian Elephant Natinal Park, with the prpsed area cvering ver 386 square kilmeters. 49 First, China’s Natinal Park Law, which came int frce n January 1, 2026, has prvided a strng legal fundatin fr the park’s establishment. And accrding t the Department f Nature Reserve Management Office, ther preparatin is als advancing—baseline research, specialized resurce surveys, habitat restratin, eclgical repair, public educatin, and cnflict reslutin. The gal is t enhance prtectin and spread awareness t supprt the park’s establishment.
Dia sees a win-win situatin fr bth nature and human being. “Building an Asian Elephant Natinal Park gives elephants a hme. At the same time, we culd develp turism, with lcal peple helping t attract visitrs,” he said. 50 And that is the crnerstne f cexistence between peple and elephants.
Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Helping Helps
Our bdies age at different rates, but ffering regular help can reduce the rate f brain aging by arund 15 t 20 percent, accrding t a research team frm the University f Texas and the University f Massachusetts. The findings are based n telephne survey data frm 31,303 peple ver 50. Scres n brain tests were mapped against helping behavir, whether structured vlunteering with an rganizatin r simply giving friends, relatives and neighbrs a hand as needed. The benefits were evident fr bth.
Researchers have tried t dig ut the mechanism behind and ne f their findings is that helping thers regularly prvides much mental stimulatin. When we ffer supprt, ur brains are actively engaged in exercises that strengthen neural (神经的) cnnectins. Much like a muscle, the brain strengthens with frequent use. Dealing with ther peple’s
challenges and understanding their perspectives create new neural pathways. Over time, such stimulatin helps maintain
sharp memry and varius ther mental functins. Mrever, it has been fund that helping reduces lneliness thrugh shifting the helpers’ fcus utward and making their cnnectin with ther peple. Far frm being just a feeling, lneliness acts as a bilgical cause f stress that can fundamentally alter the brain’s structure and chemistry. Reducing lneliness prtects the brain, ultimately leading t lnger-term brain functin, fr example, extending gd lgical reasning int lder age.
Accrdingly, researchers suggest that peple spend arund tw t fur hurs per week helping thers since it is the sweet spt fr benefit. It’s pssible that beynd that pint, the mental and physical effrts f being a helper start t have a negative impact. They als supprt the argument fr ensuring senir adults pprtunities t give back t thers r their cmmunity, because it is shwn that senirs’ cnstant helping is assciated with mre effective brain pwer.
Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
每天做点洗碗之类的家务活对培养耐心很管用。(effect)
当初我们选这款氢能源汽车时，看中的就是它的续航里程。(matter)
天气转凉时，他的胃会不舒服，奶奶经常提醒他把牛奶热一下再喝。(unless)
这部关于宋朝历史的小说一出版便备受推崇，连外国读者都争相购买，销售量远超同类作品。(whse)
Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120—150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。你的英国网友 Tm 对你高中期间的集体活动很感兴趣，发来电子邮件询问相关情况。请你给他回封邮件，并在邮件中：
描述你高中期间组织或参加的一次集体活动；
谈谈该活动的意义。
Research shws ffering help, either frmal r infrmal, slws brain’s aging prcess. First, helping thers creates mental stimulatin that strengthens different functins f the brain including memry. Besides, helpers’ lneliness is lessened thrugh cnnecting with thers, which extends brain’s wrking length. Thus, researchers recmmend suitable amunt f helping hurs and enduring vlunteering int ld age. (55 wrds)
Ding such husewrk as washing (the) bwls every day (1.5) has a gd effect n develping patience. (1.5)
When we chse this (mdel f) hydrgen-pwered car at that time, (1.5)
what mattered mst was its range / hw far it culd g after being charged. (1.5)
He will get an upset stmach when it gets cld(er), / As the weather gets cld(er), he has stmach discmfrt, (1.5) s the grandmther ften reminds him that he had better nt drink the milk unless he heats / warms it. // …reminds him nt t drink the milk unless it is heated / warmed. (2.5)
The histrical nvel abut the Sng Dynasty was highly favred upn its publicatin, and even freign readers rushed t buy it, / …was s highly favred…that even freign readers… (3)
whse sales went far beynd thse f the wrks in the same categry / f the same kind. (2)
略1. being tld / having been tld
2. that
3. hw / why
4. like / including
5. remves
6. t strengthen
7. cncentrated
8. greater
9. while / althugh / thugh
10. ne / smething
11-15 DHEFA
16-20 GJCKI
21-25 ACBBD
26-30 CBADA
31-35 ACBDB
36-39 C B C D
40-42 B A D
43-46 D D C B
47-50 E A B F