新人教版初中英语八下Unit 4 能力检测卷 含答案

这是一份新人教版初中英语八下Unit 4 能力检测卷 含答案，共10页。
人教版英语八年级下册Unit4能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1. The Yangtze River is ______ longest river in China, and it's important for the country's development. A. a B. the C. an D. / ( ) 2. Animals in the desert need special skills to ______ in the hot and dry conditions. A. live B. stay C. remain D. survive ( ) 3. The new library will ______ a lot of space in our school, but it will be very useful for students. A. take off B. take out C. take away D. take up ( ) 4. The temperature in the mountain area often drops ______ zero at night, so climbers need warm clothes. A. below B. above C. at D. on ( ) 5. The Grand Canyon is a famous natural ______ that attracts millions of visitors every year. A. view B. wonder C. sight D. scenery ( ) 6. You should learn to ______ difficult problems by yourself instead of asking for help immediately. A. deal with B. do with C. look for D. wait for ( ) 7. —There're two girls in the picture. ____ is your sister? —The taller one. A. Which B. How C. Where D. What ( ) 8. —How tall is the tree? —It's about ______. A. five metre B. five metres tall C. five-metre tall D. five-metres tall ( ) 9. There are many flowers on ______ sides of the streets. A. all B. either C. every D. both ( ) 10. —______ is the Canton Tower(广州塔)? —600 meters. It's the tallest tower in China. A. How old B. How long C. How high D. How heavy 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Dunhuang is a famous city in northwestern China. Months ago, hoping to experience the true beauty of the Silk Road desert around Dunhuang, I 11 to stay at a campsite (野营地) about 8 km from the city centre. It turned out to be one of my best 12 ever. When I arrived there, a camp guide 13 me with a smile. Even though I couldn't speak Chinese well, she 14 explained everything and showed me around. My tent was small but 15 . The idea of camping in the desert made me really 16 . After a short rest in the tent, I couldn't wait and went out to 17 the desert. It stretched (延伸) endlessly before me. 18 the sand was not easy at all. Each step took hard work. Even a short 19 left me tired and out of breath. While I was walking around, the wind was blowing the sand, creating fantastic scenes. Though it was September, the desert was still hot like summer. Soon, my dry throat reminded me that travelling in the desert without water could be 20 . I realized that the beauty and challenges of the desert were showing me its true nature. ( ) 11. A. failed B. chose C. feared D. promised ( ) 12. A. trips B. purposes C. lessons D. changes ( ) 13. A. invited B. protected C. greeted D. mentioned ( ) 14. A. patiently B. suddenly C. probably D. badly ( ) 15. A. terrible B. comfortable C. strange D. noisy ( ) 16. A. worried B. shocked C. excited D. disappointed ( ) 17. A. explore B. clean C. discover D. protect ( ) 18. A. Searching for B. Writing on C. Picking up D. Walking on ( ) 19. A. break B. match C. distance D. memory ( ) 20. A. funny B. risky C. joyful D. regular 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It lies in the Himalayas, between China and Nepal. Its height is about 8,848.86 metres—a measurement made by a Chinese team in 2020—and no other mountain on earth is as high as it. Climbing Qomolangma is extremely difficult, even for experienced climbers. The temperature there can drop to -30℃, and the air is very thin, which makes breathing hard. Some climbers even risk their lives to reach the top. The first Chinese team successfully reached the top in 1960, taking the northern route known as the "Death Route" for its dangerous conditions. In 1975, another Chinese team built a metal ladder on the Second Step—a steep, narrow part of the mountain—making it easier for later climbers to pass. Today, Qomolangma is more than just a mountain: it's a symbol of courage and perseverance. We must protect this "highest natural wonder" from pollution and other human harms. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 21. What makes Mount Qomolangma special according to the passage? A. It's the longest mountain in the world. B. It's the highest mountain in the world. C. It's the deepest mountain in the world. D. It's the widest mountain in the world. ( ) 22. What is the height of Mount Qomolangma? A. About 8,848.86 metres. B. About 11,000 metres. C. About 416 metres. D. About 5,464 metres. ( ) 23. Why is climbing Mount Qomolangma difficult? A. Because the weather is warm and the air is thick. B. Because there are too many tourists on the routes. C. Because the mountain is too short and easy to climb. D. Because the temperature is low and the air is thin. ( ) 24. When did the first Chinese team reach the top of Mount Qomolangma? A. In 2020. B. In 1975. C. In 1960. D. In 1990. ( ) 25. What should we do to protect Mount Qomolangma? A. Pollute it with climbing waste. B. Ignore its environmental problems. C. Keep it away from pollution. D. Build more hotels on its foot. B It was a wonderful day because I finally saw the Qiantang tidal bore (钱塘江大潮). After I learnt about it from a Chinese class, I dreamt of seeing this great natural wonder. My parents and I chose a dam (水坝) in Hangzhou to watch the tidal bore. We woke up early, ate breakfast and went to the dam in a hurry. When we arrived at the dam, it was still a long time before the tidal bore came. Around 11:10, the tides arrived at the Tashan Dam in Haining City. They battered (连续猛击) the dam. By 12:00, the tidal bore moved quickly towards the Laoyancang Dam. At 13:30, the tidal bore finally arrived at the dam where we were. The tides made many changes. Some reached several metres high. Great cheers (欢呼) went up from the crowd from time to time. When seeing the tidal bore, we felt surprised and a bit afraid of it. We also learnt that as early as the Southern Song Dynasty (朝代), some people jumped into the powerful waves and played. Today, we have the tidal surfing (冲浪) competition on the Qiantang River every year. Some people take part in it and win nice prizes. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 ( ) 26. Where did the writer watch the tidal bore? A. At his school. B. At a restaurant. C. At a dam in Hangzhou. D. At the Laoyancang Dam. ( ) 27. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Why the writer liked the Qiantang tidal bore. B. When the writer saw the Qiantang tidal bore. C. How long the writer watched the Qiantang tidal bore. D. What the writer did after seeing the Qiantang tidal bore. ( ) 28. How did the writer feel when seeing the tidal bore? A. Excited but afraid. B. Surprised and scared. C. Surprised and excited. D. Nervous but interested. ( ) 29. What does the underlined word "competition" mean? A. Match. B. Lesson. C. Plan. D. Rule. ( ) 30. What is the text mainly about? A. The history of the Qiantang tidal bore. B. The reasons for the Qiantang tidal bore. C. The science behind the Qiantang tidal bore. D. The writer's experience of seeing the Qiantang tidal bore. C In winter, the sun goes down earlier, and many of us start going to bed earlier too. But while our bedtime might change with the season, our dinnertime may not. And eating late but sleeping early may have a bigger influence on our body than we think. Our body has a natural clock inside called the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律). It helps the body stay in balance by following a 24-hour cycle. And this body clock controls many things like when we sleep, how we digest (消化) food and so on. However, daylight affects the clock a lot. In winter, it gets dark early, so our body starts preparing for sleep earlier too. This can be a problem if we eat dinner at the usual time. That's because our body's ability to digest food also slows down earlier in the evening. So it's best to set our dinner time earlier in winter. For example, if you usually eat at 7 pm, try having dinner at 6 pm in winter. In fact, it's always a good idea to try to eat early in the day. Experts suggest leaving at least two hours between dinner and bedtime. This can give our body time to digest food. A 2021 study found that eating dinner around 6 pm instead of 9 pm helps keep blood sugar (血糖) levels more stable (稳定的). This may also reduce the risk of heart problems. Another study shows that people who eat earlier in the day often lose more weight and have better health. So this winter, try eating meals a little earlier — it might be better for our health in the long run! ( ) 31. What controls our sleep and digestion? A. Daylight. B. Eating habits. C. The circadian rhythm. D. The changing seasons. ( ) 32. Why is eating dinner late a problem in winter? A. Because people can feel hungry easily. B. Because it often results in eating more food. C. Because it makes the body clock stop working. D. Because our ability to digest slows down earlier. ( ) 33. What can we learn from experts' suggestion? A. When to get up. B. When to have dinner. C. What to eat for dinner. D. What to do before bedtime. ( ) 34. What can we infer (推断) from the studies in paragraph 5? A. Eating dinner early is good for the heart. B. People who eat late will never lose weight. C. Dinnertime has nothing to do with our health. D. Eating dinner late helps keep blood sugar stable. ( ) 35. What is the best title for the passage? A. There is a need to go to bed early B. The importance of regular eating C. Why it's best to have early dinners in winter D. How to change our bad sleep habits in winter 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) These days, kids spend much more time inside, mostly because of technology. 36 Many researchers agree that kids who play outside often are happier, can focus better, and have less stress than kids who spend more time indoors. Spending time in nature can build kids' confidence. Usually, there are fewer rules than in most indoor games. 37 This helps them practise making their own choices and encourages their creativity and imagination. Being outdoors can also teach kids responsibility (责任). For example, if they are in control of watering a plant, they must take good care of it. 38 Being outside gets kids moving, too. They can run, jump, climb and play games. No matter what they're doing, they do more exercise than just sitting on the sofa. Actually, being outside is not just good for kids' bodies. After playing outside, many kids can focus better on their homework and listen more carefully in class. And they feel relaxed and less stressed. 40 Nature creates a sense of wonder for kids that no other environment can offer. Interesting phenomena (现象) that happen naturally outdoors every day make kids ask questions about the earth and life. So, while screen time is the easier, more popular choice, it's important to make time for outdoor play. 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. It is good for kids' minds, too. B. What's more, being outside makes kids think. C. Kids can decide how to play and how to explore the things around them. D. This way, they learn that meaningful results come from care and responsibility. E. But did you know that spending time outdoors is not only enjoyable but also important? 36. ______ 37. ______ 38. ______ 39. ______ 40. ______ 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)根据首字母提示，填写单词 41. The old tree is over 100 years old but still a______. 42. He r______ his life to save the little girl from the fire just now. 43. Children like to play with s______ on the beach. 44. My favourite breakfast i______ eggs, milk, and fresh fruit. 45. The young t______ shared interesting stories from his journey. B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子，每空一词。 46. 深海动物能在黑暗高压的环境中生存。 ______ ______ can survive in dark and high-pressure environments. 47. 鲸鱼会潜入海中寻找食物,然后浮出水面呼吸。 Whales will ______ ______ the sea to find food and then come to the surface to breathe. 48. 那艘船还在海底沉睡。 The ship is still sleeping at ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 49. 这位教授花了三十年时间研究大象。 This professor spent 30 years ______ ______. 50. 我们在历史课上了解了不同地区的古代文明。 We learned about ______ ______ in different areas in history class. 六、单元语法（句型转换，每空一词）(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 51. We will measure the height of the mountain tomorrow.（改为否定句） We ______ ______ the height of the mountain tomorrow. 52. The depth of the Mariana Trench is over 11,000 metres.（改为同义句） The Mariana Trench is over 11,000 metres ______ . 53. This river is 500 kilometres long.（改为同义句） The ______ of this river is 500 kilometres. 54. The Sahara Desert covers about 9 million square kilometres.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ does the Sahara Desert cover? 55. They are able to research the living conditions of deep-sea animals.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ______ ______ able to research the living conditions of deep-sea animals? —Yes, ______ ______. 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 The Son Doong Cave (韩松洞) is in Vietnam. It is more than 150 metres high, about 200 metres wide and at least 6.5 kilometres long. It is famous as a(n) 56 wonder. The cave is in the heart of a national park. It remained undiscovered (未被发现的) 57 a local farmer found the small opening to the cave in 1991. He told the story of the cave to other villagers, but no one 58 it was true. Years later, a group of British 59 heard about the farmer's story. They learned from him that there was a strong, cool wind and the sound of water coming out of the opening. These were signs showing that there was a large cave. They asked him to help 60 find the cave, but he forgot where the opening was. However, the cave attracted 61 people. In 2009, the farmer and some people finally found the cave again. They went 62 and were very surprised. They found a large underground river 63 through the cave. They also found a forest. It is 200 metres below ground 64 . It is really beautiful when the sun 65 into the cave. If you want to visit the cave, you need to cross rivers and climb up walls. How difficult it is! 56. ____ 57. ____ 58. ____ 59. ____ 60. ____ 57. ____ 62. ____ 63. ____ 64. ____ 65. ____ 八、书面表达(共10空，每空1分，共10分) 为开阔学生视野，你校英文报开设了“地球瑰宝”栏目，旨在与同学们一同探索非凡的自然奇观。现诚邀全校同学踊跃投稿，假如你是一位热爱自然地理的八年级学生，请你为该栏目投稿，介绍我国黄果树瀑布。 要求: 1. 包含提示信息,可适当发挥; 2. 语句通顺,语法正确,行文连贯,书写工整; 3. 80词左右。 答案 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1~5 BDDAB 6~10 AABDC 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 11~15 BACAB 16~20 CADCB 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) (A) 21~25 BADCC (B) 26~30 CBBAD (C) 31~35 CDBAC 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 36~40 ECDAB 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A) 41. alive 42. risked 43. sand 44. includes 45. traveller B) 46. Deep-sea animals 47. dive into 48. the bottom of the ocean/ sea 49. researching elephants 50. ancient civilizations 六、单元语法（句型转换，每空一词）(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 51. won’t measure 52. deep 53. length 54. How much area 55. Are they; they are 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) 56. natural 57. until 58. thought 59. explorers 60. them 61. curious 62. inside 63. running 64. level 65. shines 八、书面表达(共10空，每空1分，共10分) China is home to many breathtaking natural wonders. One of the most famous is the Huangguoshu Waterfall. Standing proudly in Guizhou Province, this amazing waterfall has a height of 77.8 metres and a width of 101 metres, making it the largest in our country. Its powerful sound and amazing sight attract visitors from all over the world. When visiting, you can walk through the cave behind the falls to feel the cool water in the air. You can also take a boat ride through beautiful canyons and stone forests. Don't forget to take some photos with the rainbow above the waterfall! Nature is the best artist. Huangguoshu Waterfall is truly a magical gift from Earth. It reminds us to value and protect such treasures.they shine run curious inside think level natural explorer untilName: Huangguoshu Waterfall Location: in Guizhou Province Size: 77.8 metres high; 101 metres wide Activities: ·explore the cave (洞穴) behind it ·take a boat ride through canyons (峡谷) and stone forests ·take photos of the rainbow above the falls