初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B集体备课课件ppt

这是一份初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B集体备课课件ppt，共56页。PPT课件主要包含了Scanning，Skimming，Discuss，Exercises，Must-do，Prediction等内容，欢迎下载使用。
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Discuss and answer:
D yu knw where Munt Qmlangma is?
Hw high is it?
It lies n the brder between China and Nepal, in the Himalayas.
It is 8,848.86 meters abve sea level.
Why is it called Qmlangma?
The name “Qmlangma” cmes frm Tibetan language.It means “Gddess f the Earth” r “Mther f the Wrld”.It shws the lcal peple’s respect and lve fr this muntain.
Why d peple climb Qmlangma?
They have strng curisity and great ambitin.
They are willing t risk their lives t challenge themselves.
They want t explre nature.
/ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ adj.好奇心;求知欲
/æmˈbɪʃ(ə)n/ n.目标;野心;雄心
/rɪsk/ v.冒险
Scan the article t find the infrmatin belw.
________: what climbers called the way up the nrthern side f the muntain________: the distance between the Secnd Step and sea level________: the year the first Chinese team reached the tp f Qmlangma________: the height f Qmlangma in 2020
8,600 meters
8,848.86 meters
Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
Careful Reading
Read paragraphs 1 and 2
highest place
tuch the sky
best climbers
-30 degrees
T mst peple, Munt Qmlangma is ne f the greatest wnders f the wrld. On the highest place n earth, yu will feel like yu are able t tuch the sky. But nly the best climbers reach the tp, and that is nly if they survive the terrible cnditins first. On the muntain, temperatures can fall t -30 degrees. Climbers must als deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.Befre 1960, n ne was able t reach the tp f Qmlangma frm the nrthern side. Muntain climbers even called that way the "Death Rad", but a Chinese climbing team was determined t make the climb.
Even under these terrible cnditins, why did the Chinese climbing teams still want t climb Qmlangma?
/kənˈdɪʃn/ n.环境;条件;状态
Read paragraphs 3 and 4
made the Chinese natinal flag fly abve the wrld’s highest muntain fr the first time
climbed t the tp f Qmlangma t d research; brught a ladder t the Secnd Step
measured the height f Munt Qmlangma: 8,848.86 metres
1. A few climbers reached the tp f Qmlangma frm the nrthern side befre 1960.
2. In 1960, Liu Lianman's teammates used a ladder t get past the Secnd Step.
5. Climbers first started t use the "Chinese Ladder" in 2007.
Read again. Circle T fr true r F fr false. Then crrect the false statements.
3. The Chinese team brught a natinal flag t the tp f Qmlangma in 1960.
4. The "Chinese Ladder" was placed at 8,600 metres abve sea level.
On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhu, Qu Yinhua, and Gngbu arrived at the Secnd Step. It was 8,600 metres abve sea level. Peple said it was s high that even birds culd nt reach it. Liu allwed his teammates t step n his shulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Secnd Step. At 4:20 a.m. n 25 May, the Chinese natinal flag flew abve the wrld's highest muntain fr the first time.In 1975, anther Chinese team climbed t the tp f Qmlangma t d research. This time, they brught a ladder t the Secnd Step. Until 2007, almst all climbers frm the nrthern side used this "Chinese Ladder" t reach the tp much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went t Qmlangma t measure its height—8,848.86 metres.
Tday, many peple still try t climb Qmlangma. Why d they d that?
Read paragraph 5
2. What d yu think Gerge Mallry meant by "because it's there"?
He meant that the muntain exists as a challenge, and humans have a natural desire t vercme challenges and explre the unknwn. It's a simple but pwerful expressin f human curisity and ambitin.
1. What are the tw reasns why peple still climb Qmlangma tday?
1. Because human curisity and ambitin cannt be stpped.2. Because it’s there. (As the English explrer Gerge Mallry said.)
Climbing Qmlangma is dangerus. Sme climbers reach the tp successfully, but many fail. Why d peple still risk their lives t climb the highest muntain in the wrld? It is because human curisity and ambitin cannt be stpped. Or, as the English explrer Gerge Mallry put it, it is simply "because it's there"!
Read and fill:
Munt Qmlangma, the wrld’s highest muntain, is a dream destinatin fr many wh want t challenge themselves. Climbing Munt Qmlangma is very difficult. Climbers must face terrible __________ such as ____________ belw 30 _________, high _________, and ___________ weather. Befre 1960, it was impssible t reach the tp frm the _______ side. But in 1960, a Chinese climbing team was _________ t climb Munt Qmlangma. And they placed a natinal flag n its summit(山顶). In 1975, the secnd Chinese climbing team brught a ______ and placed it at the Secnd Step t help climbers. In 2020, the third Chinese team measured the muntain’s height—8,848.86 metres. Althugh sme climbers reach the tp ___________, they all ______ their lives n the way. Why are peple climbing the muntain? It’s just “because it’s there”!
temperatures
successfully
Think further:
1. What qualities d yu think a gd muntain climber needs t have?
They need t be brave, strng, patient, determined and cnfident. They shuld als have team spirit and never give up easily.
2. Why d humans keep explring nature?
We explre nature t learn mre abut the wrld, challenge urselves, and shw the spirit f never giving up. It als helps us prtect nature better.
The title is “Reaching New Heights”. What “new heights” can we reach in ur life?
We can reach new heights in ur studies, sprts and hbbies. It means keeping trying and making urselves better and better.
What can we learn frm Chinese climbers?
We can learn their strng will, perseverance, patritism and the curage t face difficulties. We shuld never give up when meeting prblems.
Language Pints
1. what climbers called the way up the nrthern side f the muntain 登山者对攀登珠穆朗玛峰北坡路线的称呼
她住在中国的北部。She lives in the nrthern part f China.
nrthern（形容词） 北部的；向北的(常在名词前作定语。)
拓展:表示方位的名词，在词尾加-ern可构成形容词。东(方) east n. → 东部的；向东的 eastern adj.西(方) west n. → 西部的；向西的 western adj.南(方) suth n. → 南部的；向南的 suthern adj.西北(方) nrthwest n. → 西北(方向)的 nrthwestern adj.东北(方) nrtheast n. → 东北(方向)的 nrtheastern adj.西南(方) suthwest n. → 西南(方向)的 suthwestern adj.东南(方) sutheast n. → 东南(方向)的 sutheastern adj.
2. the distance between the Secnd Step and sea level 第二台阶与海平面的距离
北京离上海有多远？What's the distance between Beijing and Shanghai?远处塔上的钟声响了。Temple bells rang in the distance.
distance（名词）① 距离a/the distance f... ……的距离 a shrt/lng distance 短/长距离a distance f 200 kilmetres 200千米的距离② 遥远 in the distance 在远处，遥远地
3. when the first Chinese team reached the tp f Qmlangma 第一支中国登山队登顶珠穆朗玛峰的时间
我们昨天下午到达了北京。We reached Beijing yesterday afternn.= We arrived in Beijing yesterday afternn.= We gt t Beijing yesterday afternn.
辨析：reach,arrive与get t, 三者均可表示"到达"
4. T mst peple, Munt Qmlangma is ne f the greatest wnders f the wrld. 对大多数人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。
北京是世界上最大的城市之一。Beijing is ne f the biggest cities in the wrld.他的班级中年龄最大的学生之一是英国人。One f the ldest students is English in his class.
ne f+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一此结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。注意: f后面接名词或代词的复数形式。ne f..短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
他是我的一位朋友。He is ne f my friends.其中一个表演者是一个贫穷的农民。One f the perfrmers was a pr farmer.
5. On the highest place n earth,yu will feel like yu are able t tuch the sky. 在地球的最高点，你会感觉自己仿佛能触碰到天空。
我感觉自己像空中的一只风筝。I feel like a kite in the sky.我感觉像生活在美梦里一样。I feel like I'm living in a nice dream.
feel like① 感觉像；给……的感觉；感受到(其后可接名词、动词-ing形式或从句。)② 想要(其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。)feel like ding sth = want t d sth = wuld like t d sth 想要做某事
今晚你想看电影吗？D yu feel like watching a mvie tnight?= D yu want t watch a mvie tnight?= Wuld yu like t watch a mvie tnight?
6. that is nly if they survive the terrible cnditins 而且前提是他们能在恶劣环境中幸存下来。
我告诉你，但条件是你不告诉别人。I'll tell yu, but nly if yu dn't tell anyne else.只有努力工作，你才会成功。Only if yu wrk hard will yu succeed.
(1) nly if 只有(在……的情况下才……)nly if引导的句子位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。
她在袭击中幸免于难。She survived the attack.在这次事故中，只有两人活了下来。In the accident, nly tw peple survived.有些传统从古代延续下来。Sme traditins survive frm ancient times.
(2) survive① 动词 生存；存活survive frm... 从…存活下来 survive n 靠…维持生活(后接食物、收入等)② 及物动词 艰难度过
一星期200元，我无法维持生活。I can't survive n 200 yuan a week.公司设法渡过了危机。The cmpany managed t survive the crisis.
现在这个男孩处于良好的状态。Nw the by is in gd cnditin.这个运动员的健康状况良好，但他的生活环境非常糟糕。The player is in gd cnditin, but his living cnditins are very bad.
(3) cnditin（名词） 状态；境况；健康状况通常与介词in或under连用，表示"在……状态或境况下"。ut f cnditin 健康状况不佳
7. On the muntain, temperatures can fall t -30 degrees. 在这座山上，气温可能降至零下30(摄氏)度。
今天早上的温度是10摄氏度。The temperature was ten degrees centigrade this mrning.我在某种程度上同意你的观点。I agree with yu t a certain degree.去年他拿到了文科博士学位。He gt a dctr's degree in arts last year.
degree（名词）① 度；度数(此处用作温度单位。)② 程度③ (大学)学位大学学位 cllege degree 获得……学位 get a(n)
8. Climbers must als deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. 登山者还必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和多变的天气。
每年这个时候天气都变化无常。The weather is very changeable at this time f year.多变的价格changeable prices
changeable（形容词） 可能变化的；易变的；常变的它是由change加形容词后缀-able构成的形容词。可在句中作表语或定语。
拓展:常见的以后缀-able结尾的形容词：有价值的 valuable；易被忘记的 frgettable；合适的 suitable；舒适的 cmfrtable；可用的 usable
9. Muntain climbers even called that way the "Death Rad",but a Chinese climbing team was determined t make the climb. 登山者甚至将这条路线称为"死亡之路"，但一支中国登山队决心完成攀登。
(1) 辨析：death,die,dead与dying
那位科学家的死很突然。The death f the scientist was sudden.我所有计划的破灭使我难过。The death f all my plans made me sad.她两年前去世了。She died tw years ag.
旧的习俗已消亡。The ld custms have died.这只鸟死了。The bird is dead.这是一只快要死的鸟。This is a dying bird.
(2) determined（形容词） 有决心的；坚决的be determined t d sth 决心做某事，坚决做某事be determined that... 决心/坚决……
我决心要获得成功。I'm determined t succeed.他坚决不再犯同样的错误。He is determined that he wn't make the same mistakes.
10. It was 8,600 metres abve sea level. 这里海拔8600米。
(1) abve① 介词 在(或向)……上面；超过 ② 副词 在(或向)上面；在(或向)高处；超过
水淹过了我们的膝盖。The water came abve ur knees.夏天这里的气温通常在30摄氏度以上。Temperature is usually abve 30 degrees centigrade here in summer.我们不能接受10岁以上的儿童。We cannt accept children abve the age f 10.
我听见楼上房间传来奇怪的响声。I heard a strange nise cming frm the rm abve.70分或以上就可以得"优"。A scre f 70 r abve will get yu an 'A'.
(2) 辨析：abve, ver与n这三个词都可作介词，均有"在……上"之意
月亮在树的上方。The mn was abve the trees.灯在我的头顶上方。The light is ver my head.书桌上有一些书。There are sme bks n the desk.
11. Liu allwed his teammates t step n his shulders. 刘连满让队友踩在自己肩上。
step① 不及物动词 踩；踏；行走；迈步step nt 步人，踏上；step ut 出去；step int 开始做，开始介入② 可数名词 步；步骤；措施step by step 一步一步地；take a step 迈步；采取措施③ 可数名词 台阶，梯级
我一个急转身，踩到了他的脚上。I turned arund quickly and stepped n his feet.他从容地走上了讲台。He calmly stepped nt the platfrm.她打开门，走到外面的阳光下。She pened the dr and stepped ut int the sunshine.
你能告诉我下一步吗？Can yu tell me the next step?小心门外的台阶。Mind the steps utside the dr.
12. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Secnd Step. 登山者们一点一点地向上攀爬，成功越过了第二台阶。
(1) bit by bit 一点一点地；逐渐地同义短语：little by little
慢慢地我开始改变主意了。Bit by bit/Little by little, I started t change my mind.
(2) make it① 获得成功，相当于succeed。② 在约定时间内赶到，相当于arrive in time。③ 能够出席(或到场)
多年的辛勤工作后，他终于成功了。After years f hard wrk, he finally made it.我们如果跑的话，应该来得及。If we run, we shuld make it.
-你能来参加乔迁聚会吗？-Can yu cme t the husewarming party?-抱歉，我参加不了。-I'm srry.I wn't be able t make it.
13 This time, they brught a ladder t the Secnd Step. 这次，他们把一架梯子带到了第二台阶。
ladder（可数名词）① 梯子② 阶梯；途径多指生活上进步或事业上晋升的阶梯或途径。
他爬上了梯子。He climbed up the ladder.那是你迈向成功阶梯的第一步。It's yur first step n the ladder f success.
14. In 2020, a third team returned t Qmlangma t measure its height--8, 848. 86 metres. 2020年，第三支队伍重返珠穆朗玛峰测量其高度，测得高度为8848.86米。
measure① 动词 测量；量度为measure sb fr sth 为某物测量某人；measure sth in... 以……(为单位)测量某物② 名词 措施；度量单位；计量工具安全措施 safety measures
医生测量了她的血压。The dctr measured her bld pressure.裁缝给我量尺寸做新西装。The tailr measured me fr a new suit.我们可以用米为单位测量房间的长度。We can measure the length f the rm in metres.
这个池塘宽约2米。The pl measures abut 2 metres acrss.他用尺子作为测量工具画直线。He used a ruler as a measure t draw straight lines.
15. Sme climbers reach the tp successfully, but many fail. 一些登山者成功登顶，但也有许多人失败了。
successfully（副词） 成功地；顺利地常修饰动词，在句中作状语。其动词形式succeed意为"成功"。 = succeed in ding ... 成功做……
中国成功举办了2008年、2022年的奥运会。China held the Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.= China succeeded in hlding the Olympics in 2008 and 2022.
16. Why d peple still risk their lives t climb the highest muntain in the wrld? 为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界最高峰呢？
risk ① 及物动词 使……冒风险(或面临危险)；冒……风险(或危险)其后可接名词(短语)、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。risk ne's life t d sth 冒着生命危险做某事；risk ding sth 冒险做某事② 名词 危险；风险the risk f... ……的风险；take risks (t d sth)= take a risk (t d sth) 冒险(做某事)拓展:risky adj.有危险(或风险)的,可在句中作表语或定语。
他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。He risked his life t save the child.我愿意冒失去一切的危险。I'm willing t risk lsing everything.冬天独自登山是一项冒险的活动。Climbing muntains alne in winter is a risky activity.
吃垃圾食品会增加生病的风险。Eating junk fd can increase the risk f the illness.不要冒险。你应该三思。Dn't take risks. And yu shuld think twice.
17. It is because human curisity and ambitin cannt be stpped. 这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心壮志无法被阻挡。
(1) It is because... 这/那是因为……because引导的是表语从句，表示原因或理由。相当于This/That is because..., The reasn is that...。拓展: That is why... 那就是……的原因；那就是为什么……why引导表语从句，表示结果。
他默默地站在那里，这是因为他犯了一个严重的错误。He std there in silence. It/This/That was because he made a serius mistake.你年龄越大，需要的睡眠就越少。那就是老年人比年轻人睡眠时间少的原因。The lder yu get, the less sleep yu will need. That is why ld peple sleep less than yung peple.
(2) 含有情态动词的被动语态此处cannt be stpped是含有情态动词can的被动语态的否定结构，表示"不能被阻止"。被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示动作的承受者。含有情态动词的被动语态的谓语构成为"情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词"。
青少年应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。Teenagers shuld be allwed t chse their wn clthes.
(3) curisity（名词） 好奇心；求知欲curisity abut... 对……的好奇心；ut f curisity 出于好奇心；with curisity 好奇地
儿童对一切事物都显露出好奇心。Children shw curisity abut everything.他出于好奇决定跟踪那个男子。He decided t fllw the man ut f curisity.那个男孩好奇地看着我。The by lked at me with curisity.
(4) ambitin（名词） 追求的目标；野心；雄心an ambitin f ding sth = an ambitin t d sth 做某事的目标；have an ambitin 有雄心；Sb's ambitin is t d/be... 某人的理想是……
这是她终生追求的目标。It is her lifelng ambitin.最后，她实现了当著名作家的目标。She achieved her ambitin f becming a famus writer at last.这个年轻人立志成为一名优秀的音乐家。The yung man has an ambitin t be an excellent musician.他的理想是当一名飞行员。His ambitin is t be a pilt.
18. Or, as the English explrer Gerge Mallry put it,it is simply "because it's there". 或者，正如英国探险家乔治·马洛里所说，原因很简单，"因为山在那里"。
(1) explrer（可数名词） 探险家；勘探者它是由动词explre加表示人的名词后缀-(e)r构成的。
那位老人曾是太平洋的探险家。The ld man was nce an explrer f the Pacific Ocean.那位勘探者发现了一个银矿。The explrer fund a silver mine.
(2) simply（副词） 仅仅；只；简单地形容词形式为simple，意为"简单的；容易的"。
不必生气。我只不过是请你帮我一下。There is n need t get angry.I'm simply asking yu t help me.这本书对语法解释得简明扼要。The bk explains grammar simply and clearly.
19. Hw d yu think the Chinese climbers felt when they placed the natinal flag n tp f Qmlangma? 你认为中国登山者在珠穆朗玛峰峰顶插上国旗时是什么感受？
place① 及物动词 放置，相当于put。place sth+副词/介词短语 把某物放在……② 可数名词 地点；地方
他把他的足球放在床底下。He placed his ftball under the bed.这个城市是一个居住的好地方。This city is a gd place t live.
1. A straight line is the shrtest d_________ between tw pints.2. The black cluds a_________ us say that it will rain heavily sn.3. T celebrate New Year's Day, peple in n_________ China like t eat dumplings.4. Thanks t the light and heat frm the sun, living things n earth can s_________.5. Mary has an endless c_________. She is interested in everything.
6. The Chinese gvernment is leading its peple t imprve their living _________.7. Marc Pl was ne f the mst famus __________ in the wrld.8. She tk ff her hat and her hair fell arund her _________.9. Li Ming __________ being late fr class t help an ld man crss the busy street this mrning.10. Be careful, r yu wn't wrk ut the physics prblem ____________.
 successfully
11. D yu knw wh was the first ______ (climb) t reach the tp f Munt Qmlangma?12. Yu can ______ (simple) speak Putnghua mst f the time in Singapre.13. The rivers and lakes are frzen because it's thirty ______ (degree) belw zer utside.14. Children can learn a lt abut life and ______ (die) frm keeping dgs and cats.15. The weather here is _________ (change) with sudden strms at this time f year.
1.  What are the peple ding?
They are climbing Munt Qmlangma.
Reaching New Heights
2. Which picture was taken mre recently?
The secnd ne with climbers in red mdern gear.
3. What des the title "Reaching New Heights" mean?
1. Literal meaning(字面):It means climbing t the tp f Qmlangma.2. Figurative meaning(深层/比喻):It means achieving new gals and shwing great spirit.
4. What will the text talk abut?
Think and answer:
1. What des "thin air" mean?
It means the air at high altitude has very little xygen, making it hard t breathe.
2. Have yu ever been t a high place? Hw did yu feel?
I felt dizzy and shrt f breath when I was n a high muntain.
3. What des "Death Rad" prbably mean?
It means the rute is s dangerus that many climbers might die there.
4. Why des the authr use tw paragraphs t describe the difficulties and dangers?
T emphasize（强调） hw hard it is t climb Qmlangma, and t highlight（突出） the curage and determinatin f the climbers later in the text.