2025—2026学年第一学期江苏省南京市建邺区期末学业质量监测八年级英语(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2025—2026学年第一学期江苏省南京市建邺区期末学业质量监测八年级英语(含详细答案解析)，共18页。试卷主要包含了语法选择，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-多任务混合，首字母短文填空，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Last mnth, I made up my mind t build a bkshelf n my wn.
In the beginning, I thught it wuld be a small piece f cake. (1) , as sn as I started cllecting materials, I realized I faced a challenge. Then when I began putting tgether the pieces, I fund the instructins t unclear, (2) I kept telling myself that I was able t vercme these difficulties.
First, I divided the wd-planks (木板) int grups based n their shapes and sizes. Then, after reading thrugh the instructins three times, I realized that sme parts f the instructins were related t different parts f the bkshelf—the base, the shelf, and the frame. I thught I had better (3) with the base as it seemed t be the mst fundamental (基础的) part.
With each small success in fitting the parts tgether, my cnfidence grew. While I (4) the wd-planks fr the shelf, I nticed that sme f them had minr flaws (瑕疵). Sn I decided t make the best f what I had. (5) , the situatin started t get better. Hurs later, lking at my finished wrk, I felt a great sense f pride.
1.A. TherefreB. MreverC. BesidesD. Hwever
2.A. andB. butC. becauseD. r
3.A. startB. nt startC. t startD. nt t start
4.A. checkB. checkedC. am checkingD. was checking
5.A. SlwB. SlwlyC. SlwerD. Slwing
二、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
When the glden light shines acrss Creek's dwntwn, Margaret Ellis can be fund in the crner f the ld cmmunity center, surrunded by bks. It began in 2018, when Margaret nticed (6) kids ging t the public library than befre. Fearing that her yung neighburs were missing ut n the jy f stries, she emptied half her bkshelves and put the bks int her blue wagn(手推车). She set up a reading crner n the lawn near Maplewd Apartments. T her (7) , 12 children shwed up the first day. Sn, Margaret started a"bk buddy" system, pairing lder kids with yunger nes t encurage kids t read. Teachers at the lcal elementary schl reprted that students in Margaret's reading grup (8) their vcabulary(词汇) scres by 15% ver tw years. What's mre, parents began asking Margaret (9) advice n reading, and sme even started reading alud t their kids at hme. "Befre, bks felt like schl stuff, " says10-year-ld Max, wh ften visits Margaret. "But she makes them feel like treasure. " "A library isn't just walls and shelves, " Margaret says. "It's peple sharing stries. (10) we dn't have enugh bks, every child still deserves(值得) that. "
6.A. manyB. mreC. fewerD. less
7.A. surpriseB. surprisesC. surprisedD. surprising
8.A. reducedB. imprvedC. repeatedD. created
9.A. fferB. fferedC. fferingD. t ffer
10.A. Fr exampleB. S thatC. Even ifD. Rather than
Fina always sat in the center f the lunch table.She lved hw her classmates gathered（聚集） arund her，and hw they all cheered when she(11) the whle class t her birthday party.T Fina，this was friendship—warm，easy，and everywhere.
But n Internatinal Day f Friendship，everything changed.The teacher asked students t make three gifts fr their three best friends.Fina smiled as she made hers，imagining the pile f presents she wuld(12)—clurful paper-cuts，handwritten ntes，maybe even a friendship bracelet（手链） r tw.
When the time came t exchange gifts，Fina smiled cnfidently，(13) that smene wuld remember her.But as mre pairs laughed ver their gifts withut lking in her(14)，she waited in fear，the smile disappearing frm her face.One by ne，her classmates handed presents t each ther—(15) her.
Fina felt terrible and cried fr hurs.Classmates came，each staying nly a shrt time befre leaving—that was exactly what she did t thers s many times befre！
That night，Fina tld her mther abut everything.Her mther said，"My dear，yu cannt(16) friends with a smile r a few gd wrds.If yu want true friends，yu must give them time and real care."
Fina thught f the times she'd waved at classmates in the hall，the birthday invitatins she'd handed ut like party favrs.She was kind，but she(17) stayed.She seldm lingered lng enugh fr a cnversatin t breathe，r fr a secret t be shared.She didn't(18)"see" thers.
She lked at her mther，wh was always there fr her."Yu' re my best friend，aren't yu？" she asked.
Her mther smiled."And yu' re mine.But nw yu knw(19) it takes t find mre."
Fina ndded，understanding that true friendship wasn't abut being everyne's favurite—it was abut being(20) always.
11.A. intrducedB. invitedC. increasedD. included
12.A. rderB. acceptC. receiveD. take
13.A. afraidB. cheerfulC. curiusD. sure
14.A. situatinB. feelingC. stateD. directin
15.A. tB. thrughC. exceptD. besides
16.A. buyB. calmC. nticeD. chse
17.A. ftenB. smetimesC. neverD. always
18.A. nlyB. reallyC. mainlyD. hardly
19.A. whatB. whenC. whyD. wh
20.A. anyne'sB. smene'sC. n ne'sD. everyne's
三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
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21.Hw many steps are there fr a research plan?
A. 3 stepsB. 5 stepsC. 7 stepsD. 9 steps
22.Which f the fllwing shuld be put in “▲ ” n the pster?
A. Grup Similar QuestinsB. Chse Ways t Share
C. Find the Right ResurcesD. Decide Research Questins
23.On the pster, basketball, snakes and cats are intrduced t ________.
A. tell a stryB. give examples
C. advise readers t chse themD. make the pster mre attractive
B
Mst trees grw a lt in late spring and early summer. During this time, trees prduce smething called chlrphyll. It is like a magic “fd-maker” that helps plants turn water, carbn dixide and sunlight int carbhydrates. This way f making fd is called phtsynthesis. Chlrphyll is what makes leaves green. Tree leaves actually have ther clrs in them all the time, but the green chlrphyll is s strng that it hides the ther clrs.
In late spring and early summer, trees als grw new wd arund their trunk (树干), branches, and rts. These layers (层) f wd are called grwth rings. Each year, a new ring grws. A gd, rainy year makes wide, light-clred rings while a tugh year makes narrw, dark-clred nes.
In autumn, the tree starts t slw dwn its grwth. The dark part f the grwth ring frms. Many trees als drp their fruit at this time. The fruit has seeds (种子) inside, and each seed has an embry (胚胎). Germinatin takes place when the seed cating is wetted and embry cells (细胞) grw and break ut.
But the mst amazing thing that happens in autumn is the change in leaf clur. The tree stps making s much chlrphyll. When the chlrphyll disappears, the green clr fades away (逐渐消失). Then, yu can see the ther clurs that were hidden in the leaves all alng! These ther clurs are called cartenes (yellw and range) and anthcyanins (red, pink, and purple). The mst imprtant envirnmental factrs cntrlling autumn leaf cluratin are temperature, light, and water. Cld, sunny days with nt t much water help the tree make mre anthcyanins.
24.Which f the pictures shws “germinatin”?
A. B.
C. D.
25.What d we knw abut grwth rings?
A. They grw nly n trunks.
B. They mainly grw in late autumn.
C. Very dry years bring narrw rings.
D. The new layer grws frm the center.
26.What type f sentence structure is the underlined sentence?
A. S+VB. S+V+OC. S+V+O+CD. S+V+O+O
27.What may the writer talk abut next?
A. Hw trees change in winter.
B. Special trees arund the wrld.
C. A stry f planting trees in a year.
D. The imprtance f prtecting trees.
C
Dr. Jane Gdall was a wrld-famus chimp-lving scientist. She passed away last year at 91. Read her earlier fun chat abut chimps with the reprter frm Natinal Gegraphic Kids belw.
NGK: Hi Jane, when did yu first knw yu wanted t wrk with animals?
Jane: I was ten when I decided I wanted t g t Africa and study wild animals. Back then girls in England didn’t have thse pprtunities. S everybdy laughed at me and said, “Jane, dream abut smething yu can achieve.” But my mther said, “If yu really want smething, yu’re ging t have t wrk hard, take advantage f every chance and never give up!”
NGK: Great advice! What’s been special abut the wrk yu’ve dne?
Jane: I studied animals differently frm ther peple. While I was in Gmbe, Tanzania in the 1960s, ther scientists tld me that I shuldn’t have given the chimps names. I was als tld I culdn’t talk abut their persnalities, minds r emtins. But luckily, I’d learned frm my dg as a child, that it was rubbish!
NGK: Sunds like having a childhd pet really helped yu in yur studies! What surprised yu mst abut the chimps?
Jane: They shw lve and care fr thers. I remember a little three-year-ld male chimp called Mel wh was rphaned after his mther died. His survival seemed unlikely. But t ur amazement, a 12-year-ld unrelated male chimp called Spindle carried him arund n his back, tk him int his nest at night, and shared his fd with him. It was very mving because Spindle had just lst his wn mther, s it was almst like this little baby had helped him get ver his grief (悲伤).
NGK: Thanks fr the chimp chat, Jane! Yur pineering chimp research shws us humans are part f the animal kingdm—nt separate. We’re grateful fr yur wrk!
28.What des the underlined wrd “rphaned” mean in the dialgue?
A. Withut parents.B. Yung and small.
C. Unable t walk.D. In need f fd.
29.What might Jane d in studying chimps?
A. She tk ntes f chimps’ happy mments.
B. She did nt reprt n chimps’ persnalities.
C. She nly watched wild chimps frm far away.
D. She numbered the chimps instead f naming them.
30.Which human actin is similar t Spindle’s act twards Mel?
A. A teacher takes a sick student t hspital.
B. A teenager helps a lst child lk fr his parents.
C. A yung man cks dinner fr his family every day.
D. A traveller picks up rubbish while climbing the muntain.
31.What can we learn frm Jane’s life experiences?
A. We need t be different frm thers t have success.
B. We must keep a pet in rder t be an animal scientist.
C. We will be part f the animal wrld if we live in nature.
D. We shuld believe in urselves in fllwing ur dreams.
D
On a hill in Ōtsuchi, Japan, there sits a telephne bth verlking the sea. Inside, there is a black phne, discnnected frm any netwrk. It is knwn as “Wind Phne." It's a small space where visitrs can “call” their lst lved nes t share wrds left unsaid.
The stry f Wind Phne began in 2010. Itaru Sasaki was a garden designer wh had a clse relatinship with a cusin. When his cusin passed away, Sasaki lked fr ways t deal with his grief (悲伤). He turned t the phne bth, which he had made in his garden as a decratin. It became his persnal cping mechanism (机制), as Sasaki felt that by speaking int the wind, his thughts culd reach his belved cusin. It did heal (治愈) him a lt.
Mnths later, a natinal tragedy pushed Sasaki t pen his Wind Phne t the public .On March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9.1 earthquake hit nrtheast Japan, causing a tsunami that killed ver 19,000 and leaving many mre missing. Sasaki encuraged peple in the twn, stricken by grief, t visit Wind Phne—t put the receiver t their ear, like a shell n a beach, and listen. “Yu may nt be able t see yur lved nes in the same frm, but if yu clse yur eyes, the living and the dead are bth there.” he said.
Over the next few mnths, thusands f murners (哀悼者) visited the site. Later, visitrs came frm all ver the wrld: at least 50,000 peple have visited Wind Phne since 2011.
▲ Fr Sasaki, the phne bth itself hlds the answer. “Peple wh are grieving can clse their hearts and shut themselves ff frm the wrld. They end up unwilling t d anything,” Sasaki says. “But by pening the dr just a little, in ding smething as small as ging t visit that small phne bth, they change frm ding nthing t ding smething t recver frm grief.”
His idea is shared by many peple acrss the wrld. Accrding t the website MyWind Phne, ver 300 public Wind Phnes nw exist glbally. All f them are set in quiet, natural places, helping peple g thrugh the lng, winding path f grief.
32.What is true abut Wind Phne?
A. It can make real calls t lst lved nes.
B. It was first made fr Sasaki's wn needs.
C. All the ther Wind Phnes are in Japan.
D. It was built after a deadly natural disaster.
33.Which sentence shuld be put in “ ▲ ” in paragraph 5?
A. Wh helped the spread f Wind Phnes in thse years?
B. What made Wind Phne s pwerful fr sme peple?
C. Hw did the terrible natural disaster change Wind Phne?
D. Why did Sasaki first create the phne bth in his garden?
34.What des the passage shw abut humans and nature?
A. Humans may find what t lve in nature.
B. Humans shuld treat nature in a kind way.
C. Nature can bth harm and heal humans.
D. Nature has a psitive influence n humans.
35.Which will be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Inventin f a Special PhneB. An Amazing Phne in Tsunami
C. Sasaki's Famus Garden DesignD. An Unusual Phne t Hld Grief
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合：本大题共1小题，共10分。
36.阅读下面的短文，根据所读内容，在文章后表格的空格里填入最恰当的内容。注意： 1-9题每个空格只填一个单词， 10题答题有词数要求。
Artificial light includes light frm signs and streetlamps. It helps peple see nce the sun ges dwn. But t much artificial light becmes light pllutin. This makes it difficult t see a starry sky. It als harms animals and leads t great energy waste.
Fr billins f years, all life has relied n Earth’s cycle f day and night. It’s encded (编码) in the DNA f all plants and animals. Humans are cmpletely changing this cycle by lighting up the night. Many insects are drawn t light, but artificial lights can create a deadly attractin. The drp in insect numbers hurts any species that depends n them fr fd r pllinatin (授粉). Birds that migrate r hunt at night navigate (导航) by mnlight and starlight. Artificial light can make them fly ff curse and twards the dangerus nighttime landscapes f cities. Every year millins f birds die crashing int needlessly lighted buildings and twers.
Lighting levels that are higher than necessary and light that shines when and where it is nt needed is wasteful. Wasting energy csts us a lt, bth ecnmically (在经济上) and envirnmentally. In an average year in the U. S. alne, utdr lighting uses abut 120 terawatt-hurs f energy, mstly t light up streets and parking lts. That’s enugh energy t pwer all f New Yrk fr tw years.
Light pllutin affects every citizen and every species. Luckily, peple nw realize the prblem. A grwing number f scientists, hmewners, and envirnmental grups are taking actin t bring the natural night back.
Frm April 21 t 28, peple celebrate Internatinal Dark Sky Week. It’s a yearly event aimed t remind peple t reduce light pllutin. Started in 2003 by a teenager, the event is nw rganized by DarkSky Internatinal. The grup’s website recmmends that peple use utdr lighting nly when needed. It als suggests that peple help spread the wrd abut light pllutin. Why nt start ging utdrs with friends, family, and neighbrs t enjy the glittering night sky nw?
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(2)
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(10) ​​​​​​​
五、首字母短文填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
37.请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
This year’s Michael Rsen Day is n 13 Nvember. The aim f the day is t make reading and writing petry fun and accessible (可接近的) fr all. This year’s tpic is FUNNY FOOD．Try these m (1) fr writing yur wn funny and satisfying fd pem.
If yu’re nt sure hw t start yur pem, Michael Rsen advises lking at thers’. He says, “Ask y (2) why yu like it and if yu can have a g at ding smething like that.” If yur favurite pem uses rhyming wrds, yu culd try that. Des the pem tell a stry r e (3) a special feeling? Try using the same style but yur wn wrds.
If yu can’t find ideas in frnt f yu, search yur m (4) . Rsen says, “Daydream fr a minute. Maybe yu can think f smething funny in the past.” A (5) way is t pick a mment that trubled yu—perhaps a seagull stle yur favurite chips r an a (6) spray (喷溅) f ketchup (番茄酱) ruined yur new white shirt. “Write abut it as if yu are a sprts cmmentatr and it’s happening right nw.”
Rsen says yu can use any r all f the five s (7) t write petry. Fr a seeing pem, he says, “Pick a place yu want t write abut and write abut the things yu can see.” A hearing pem culd be abut the sund f yur mum eating cereal. Or try a smelling pem abut the arma f schl dinners, a t (8) pem describing eating a sur sweet, r a tuching pem abut slippery ndles. Trying this way can make yur writing feel alive s (9) gd pems cme frm real feelings.
Pick ne small fd mment, f (10) n it clsely, and turn it int yur wn funny pem. Yur pem is ready t be created.
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六、阅读填空：本大题共2小题，共20分。
38.请认真阅读下面的诗歌，根据中文提示在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
Summer
The sun brings (1) (热量),
S warm and sweet.
I can (2) (容易地) rest in the shade,
Feeling (3) (慵懒的) in the grass I’ve lain.
I’ll (4) (储存) this day inside my heart,
A sweet dream, set apart.
T fight (5) (反对) the winter’s cld.
Its glw will light my lnely days till spring unflds.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
39.请认真阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
It stands at the heart f Beijing. It was nce hme (1) Chinese emperrs. Tday, it hlds many treasures inside. This is the Palace Museum, and the year 2025 marks its 100th birthday!
The Palace Museum is a symbl f Chinese culture, (2) (jin) the past with tday. It has paintings, calligraphy, jade, and everyday things that emperrs nce used. Hwever, the Palace Museum is nt stuck in the past. It nw uses mdern technlgy t prtect its treasures and make visits even mre fun. It has als gt nline recrds (3) (save) art fr the future.
Tday, the Palace Museum is as (4) (live) as ever. It’s ppular with yung peple, thanks t fun cultural (5) (prduce) like ntebks and tys.
Even after 100 years, the museum is still fresh and exciting.
(1)
(2)
(3)
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七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
40.钟山苍翠，秦淮潋滟；玄武湖泛舟，鱼嘴湿地观鸟。南京城的绿水青山不仅是美景，更是一种生活方式。请根据以下要求用英文写一篇短文。
What is yur favurite place f natural beauty in Nanjing？
What is the best seasn t visit the place and why？
What actins can yu take t help prtect this place？
注意：
（1）内容涵盖所有要点，全文连贯通顺；
（2）不少于80词（已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数）；
（3）文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
My Favurite Natural Spt in Nanjing
Nanjing is a city full f natural beauty.________
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】D、B、A、D、B
【解析】1. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者决定自己动手搭建书架，过程中遇到挑战，但通过不断努力克服困难，最终成功完成并感到自豪的经历。
1．句意：一开始，我以为这是小菜一碟。然而，我一开始收集材料，就意识到自己面临着一个挑战。
根据“I thught it wuld be a small piece f cake”和“I realized I faced a challenge”可知，前后句意存在转折关系。“Hwever”表示转折，符合语境。“Therefre”表示因果关系，“Mrever”和“Besides”表示递进关系，均不符合此处语境。
2. 2．句意：然后当我开始组装这些部件时，我发现说明书太不清楚了，但我不断告诉自己，我能够克服这些困难。
根据“I fund the instructins t unclear”和“I kept telling myself that I was able t vercme these difficulties”可知，前后句意存在转折关系。“but”表示转折，符合语境。“and”表示并列关系，“because”表示因果关系，“r”表示选择关系，均不符合此处语境。
3. 3．句意：我认为我最好从底座开始，因为它似乎是最基础的部分。
根据“had better”可知，此处应用动词原形，表示“最好做某事”。“start”为动词原形，符合语法要求。“nt start”为否定形式，“t start”和“nt t start”为不定式形式，均不符合此处语法要求。
4. 4．句意：当我在检查书架的木板时，我注意到其中一些有轻微的瑕疵。
根据“nticed”可知，句子应用过去时态，且根据语境可知，此处表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。“was checking”为过去进行时，符合语境。“check”为一般现在时，“checked”为一般过去时，“am checking”为现在进行时，均不符合此处语境。
5. 5. 句意：慢慢地，情况开始好转。
此处修饰整个句子，需要用副词。“Slwly”为副词，可修饰整个句子，表示“慢慢地，情况开始好转”，符合语法要求。“Slw”为形容词，不能修饰整个句子；“Slwer”为形容词比较级，不符合此处无比较含义的语境；“Slwing”为现在分词形式，也不符合此处语境。
6~10.【答案】C、A、B、D、C
【解析】略
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2018年，Margaret注意到去公共图书馆的孩子比以前少了。many许多（修饰可数名词复数，无比较级）；mre更多（比较级）；fewer更少（修饰可数名词复数，比较级）；less更少（修饰不可数名词，比较级）。根据"than befre"（比以前）可知用比较级，kids是可数名词复数，结合后文"Fearing that her yung neighburs were missing ut n the jy f stries"（担心她的小邻居们错过故事带来的乐趣），可知是去图书馆的孩子变少，故选C。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令她惊讶的是，第一天就有12个孩子来了。surprise惊讶（名词）；surprises惊讶（名词复数/动词三单）；surprised惊讶的（形容词，修饰人）；surprising令人惊讶的（形容词，修饰物）。根据"T her"（令她）可知，此处是固定搭配t ne's surprise，意为"令某人惊讶的是"，结合后文"12 children shwed up the first day"（第一天就有12个孩子来了），用名词单数，故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地小学的老师报告说，Margaret阅读小组的学生在两年内词汇成绩提高了15%。reduced减少；imprved提高；repeated重复；created创造。根据"Teachers at the lcal elementary schl reprted"（当地小学的老师报告说）和"their vcabulary（词汇） scres by 15% ver tw years"（他们的词汇成绩在两年内提高了15%），结合上下文，阅读小组能帮助孩子，可知是成绩提高，故选B。
4. 考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：此外，家长们开始请Margaret提供阅读方面的建议。ffer提供（动词原形）；ffered提供（过去式/过去分词）；ffering提供（现在分词/动名词）；t ffer提供（动词不定式）。根据"What's mre，parents began asking Margaret"（此外，家长们开始请Margaret）和"advice n reading"（阅读方面的建议），结合固定搭配ask sb.t d sth.，意为"请某人做某事"，此处用动词不定式，故选D。
5. 考查连词短语辨析。句意：即使我们没有足够的书，每个孩子仍然值得拥有阅读的机会。Fr example例如；S that以便；Even if即使；Rather than而不是。根据"A library isn't just walls and shelves，It's peple sharing stries"（图书馆不仅仅是墙壁和书架，它是人们分享故事的地方）和"we dn't have enugh bks，every child still deserves that"（我们没有足够的书，每个孩子仍然值得拥有那样的机会），可知前后句是转折让步关系，即使没有足够的书，孩子也值得阅读，故选C。
11~20.【答案】B、C、D、D、C、A、C、B、A、B
【解析】（ 1）考查动词。句意：她喜欢同学们围在她身边的样子，也喜欢当她邀请全班同学参加她的生日派对时，大家都欢呼的样子。A.intrduced 介绍；B.invited 邀请；C.increased 增加；D.included 包含。根据空后 "the whle class t her birthday party" 及固定搭配 "invite sb.t sp.（邀请某人去某地）" 可知，此处表示邀请同学参加派对。故选B。
（ 2）考查动词。句意：Fina做礼物时笑了，想象着她会收到的一堆礼物——五颜六色的剪纸、手写的便条，也许还有一两个友谊手链。 A.rder 命令；订购；B.accept 接受（主观上接纳）；C.receive 收到（客观上得到）；D.take 拿走；带走。根据前文 "老师让学生给三个最好的朋友做礼物，互相交换" 的语境，Fina是期待自己客观上收到礼物，而非主观接纳。故选C。
（ 3）考查形容词。句意：交换礼物的时间到了，菲奥娜自信地笑着，确信有人会记得她。A.afraid 害怕的；B.cheerful 开心的；C.curius 好奇的；D.sure 确定的；确信的。根据前文的关键词 "cnfidently（自信地）" 可知，Fina内心确定会有人给自己送礼物。故选D。
（ 4）考查名词。句意：但当更多的人对着他们的礼物笑，却没有朝她的方向看时，她惶恐地等着，笑容从脸上消失了。A.situatin 情况；处境；B.feeling 感受；C.state 状态；D.directin 方向。根据固定搭配 "in ne's directin（朝某人的方向）" 及语境 "没人看向她" 可知，此处指方向。故选D。
（ 5）考查介词。句意：同学们一个接一个地互相送礼物——除了她。 A.t 到；向；B.thrugh 通过；穿过；C.except 除……之外（不包含后面的对象）；D.besides 除……之外（包含后面的对象）。根据前文 "没人朝她看，她惶恐等待" 的语境，可知所有同学都收到了礼物，唯独Fina没有，本空后对象不被包含在内。故选C。
（ 6）考查动词。句意：亲爱的，你不能用一个微笑或几句好话买来朋友。A.buy 买；B.calm 使平静；C.ntice 注意到；D.chse 选择。根据语境及固定搭配 "buy friends（买来朋友）" 可知，此处是母亲的比喻，指表面的友好换不来真正的朋友。故选A。
（ 7）考查副词。句意：她很友善，但她从不留下。A.ften 经常；B.smetimes 有时；C.never 从不；D.always 总是。根据后文的关键词 "She seldm lingered lng enugh（她很少逗留足够长的时间）" 可知，Fina从来不会留下来和同学深入相处。故选C。
（ 8）考查副词。句意：她并没有真正 "看见" 别人。A.nly 仅仅；B.really 真正地；C.mainly 主要地；D.hardly 几乎不。根据前文 "她从不逗留、不分享秘密，只是表面友善" 的语境，可知她并没有真正地去了解、关注身边的同学。故选B。
（ 9）考查连接代词。句意：但现在你知道找到更多（真正的朋友）需要什么了。A.what 什么（在宾语从句中可作宾语）；B.when 何时（作时间状语）；C.why 为什么（作原因状语）；D.wh 谁（指人）。根据固定句型 "it takes sth.t d sth.（做某事需要某物）"，本空引导宾语从句，从句中 take 缺少宾语，需用 what 指代 "找到真正朋友需要的东西"。故选A。
（ 10）考查代词所有格。句意：Fina点点头，明白了真正的友谊不是成为每个人的最爱——而是永远成为某个人的（挚友）。 A.anyne's 任何人的；B.smene's 某人的；C.n ne's 没人的；D.everyne's 每个人的。根据前文 "真正的友谊需要付出时间和真心，老师让给三个最好的朋友做礼物" 的语境，可知真正的友谊不是讨好所有人，而是用心成为某几个人的专属挚友。故选B。
这篇短文讲述了Fina原本以为通过举办派对和表面热情就能获得友谊，但在国际友谊日发现同学们并未给她准备礼物后感到失落。她向母亲倾诉，母亲教导她真正的友谊需要付出时间和真心关怀。最终Fina领悟到，真诚的友情不在于成为众人焦点，而在于持续陪伴与深度交流。
完形填空题主要考查学生对词语的运用能力及对语境的理解能力，这类题同一小题的四个选项一般是同一词性，做题时要先通读短文，了解各题所在的语境，然后在理解各选项意思的基础上结合具体的上下文来选择最佳答案填空。
21~23.【答案】C、A、B
【解析】【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究计划的相关内容，包括研究计划的步骤、遵循步骤的具体做法以及选择主题的方法等。
1. 21．文中提到“A research plan is a list f steps t fllw t d a research (研究) prject.”，接着后面依次列出了7个步骤，所以研究计划有7个步骤。
2. 22．“Fllw the Steps”下的内容“Write questins abut yur tpic...”表明这里是在阐述关于研究计划步骤中提出问题的相关内容，“Grup Similar Questins”属于提出问题步骤中的操作，应放在“▲”处。
3. 23．在“Pick a Tpic”部分提到“Brainstrm tpics that interest yu. Chse three tpics. Pick the nes yu want t research mst. (basketball, snakes, cats)”，这里列举篮球、蛇和猫是为了举例说明如何从感兴趣的主题中挑选出想要研究的主题。
24~27.【答案】B、C、C、A
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，按季节顺序介绍了树木的生长规律，包括春夏季的光合作用与年轮形成、秋季的落叶变色和种子萌发，以及相关的科学原理。
1. 24．第三段“Germinatin takes place when the seed cating is wetted and embry cells (细胞) grw and break ut.”表明，“Germinatin”是指种子吸水后，胚胎细胞生长并突破种皮的过程，也即是“发芽”，B图片符合描述。
2. 25．第二段“A gd, rainy year makes wide, light-clred rings while a tugh year makes narrw, dark-clred nes.”说明气候恶劣的年份（如干旱年份）会形成狭窄的年轮。
3. 26．最后一段“Cld, sunny days with nt t much water help the tree make mre anthcyanins.”中，主语是Cld, sunny days with nt t much water；谓语是help；宾语是the tree；宾语补足语是make mre anthcyanins，补充说明宾语the tree的动作。故该句结构为S+V+O+C。
4. 27．文章按季节顺序介绍了春夏季、秋季的树木变化，按照时间逻辑，接下来最可能讲述冬季树木的变化。
28~31.【答案】A、A、B、D
【解析】【导语】本文讲述珍·古道尔与《国家地理儿童版》的对话，介绍她研究黑猩猩的经历与精神。1.
28．对话中解释：“I remember a little three-year-ld male chimp called Mel wh was rphaned after his mther died.”，后文明确说明它的妈妈去世了，由此可推断“rphaned”意为“没有父母”，与“withut parents”意思相同。
2. 29．对话提到：“ther scientists tld me that I shuldn’t have given the chimps names. I was als tld I culdn’t talk abut their persnalities, minds r emtins.”，珍反对这些观点，因此她会记录黑猩猩的情绪等细节。
3. 30．对话描述：“a 12-year-ld unrelated male chimp called Spindle carried him arund n his back... shared his fd with him.”，斯宾德尔帮助无亲无故的小猩猩，与青少年帮助迷路孩子的行为相似。
4. 31．全文通过珍的经历传达：“If yu really want smething, yu’re ging t have t wrk hard... never give up!”，告诉我们要坚持梦想相信自己。
32~35.【答案】B、B、C、D
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了日本大槌町山上一个名为“风之电话”的电话亭的故事。它最初是园丁佐佐木为缓解自己失去表亲的悲伤而设立的私人空间，后来在国家悲剧发生后向公众开放，成为人们缓解悲伤、与逝去亲人“交流”的地方，如今全球已有超过300个公共风之电话亭。
1. 32．第二段指出“It became his persnal cping mechanism (机制), as Sasaki felt that by speaking int the wind, his thughts culd reach his belved cusin. It did heal (治愈) him a lt.”，这直接说明风之电话最初是佐佐木为满足自己缓解悲伤的需求而设立的。
2. 33．第五段后面提到“Fr Sasaki, the phne bth itself hlds the answer. ‘Peple wh are grieving can clse their hearts and shut themselves ff frm the change frm ding nthing t ding smething t recver frm grief.’”，说明是在解释风之电话对一些人来说强大的原因，所以B选项“What made Wind Phne s pwerful fr sme peple?”适合放在此处。
3. 34．第三段提到“On March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9.1 earthquake hit nrtheast Japan, causing a tsunami that killed ver 19,000 and leaving many mre missing.”，说明自然给人类带来伤害；又提到风之电话帮助人们缓解悲伤，说明自然也能治愈人类，所以C选项“Nature can bth harm and heal humans.”正确。
4. 35．文章主要围绕风之电话这个不寻常的电话亭展开，讲述它如何帮助人们缓解悲伤，所以D选项“An Unusual Phne t Hld Grief”作为标题最合适。
36.【答案】【小题1】
including
【小题2】
effects
【小题3】
causes
【小题4】
cnnected
【小题5】
risk
【小题6】
waste
【小题7】
average
【小题8】
aware
【小题9】
avid
【小题10】
T remind peple t reduce light pllutin.
【解析】1. 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工光带来的光污染问题，包括其对动物和能源的危害，以及人们为减少光污染所采取的行动，最后点明文章目的是提醒人们减少光污染。
46．文章第一句“Artificial light includes light frm signs and streetlamps. It helps peple see nce the sun ges dwn. But t much artificial light becmes light pllutin.”表明人造光包括来自标志和路灯的光，此处需填一个词体现这种包含关系，“including”符合语境，所以第一空应填“including”。
2. 47．从后文对动物和能源方面受光污染影响的描述可知，这部分内容讲的是光污染带来的不良影响，“effects”表示“影响”，符合文意，因此第二空应填“effects”。
3. 48．根据“Many insects are drawn t light, but artificial lights can create a deadly attractin. The drp in insect numbers hurts any species that depends n them fr fd r pllinatin (授粉).”可知，人造光导致大量昆虫死亡，“causes”有“导致”之意，所以第三空应填“causes”。
4. 49．由“The drp in insect numbers hurts any species that depends n them fr fd r pllinatin (授粉).”可知昆虫与其他动植物联系紧密，“be cnnected with”表示“与……有联系”，故第四空应填“cnnected”。
5. 50．从“Every year millins f birds die crashing int needlessly lighted buildings and twers.”可知人造光使鸟类生命处于危险之中，“at risk”表示“处于危险中”，所以第五空应填“risk”。
6. 51．根据“Lighting levels that are higher than necessary and light that shines when and where it is nt needed is wasteful.”可知使用过亮的灯光或不必要的开灯是能源的浪费，“waste”表示“浪费”，因此第六空应填“waste”。
7. 52．文中提到“In an average year in the U. S. alne, utdr lighting uses abut120 terawatt - hurs f energy, mstly t light up streets and parking lts.”，“n average”表示“平均”，所以第七空应填“average”。
8. 53．从“A grwing number f scientists, hmewners, and envirnmental grups are taking actin t bring the natural night back.”可知各行各业越来越多的人意识到恢复自然夜晚的重要性，“be aware f”表示“意识到”，故第八空应填“aware”。
9. 54．根据“The grup’s website recmmends that peple use utdr lighting nly when needed.”可知网站建议在不必要时避免使用户外照明，“avid”表示“避免”，所以第九空应填“avid”。
10. 55．文章最后提到“Frm April 21 t 28, peple celebrate Internatinal Dark Sky Week. It’s a yearly event aimed t remind peple t reduce light pllutin.”，所以文章目的是提醒人们减少光污染，答案为“T remind peple t reduce light pllutin.”。
37.【答案】【小题1】
methds/ethds
【小题2】
yurself/urself
【小题3】
express/xpress
【小题4】
mind/ind/memry/emry
【小题5】
Anther/nther
【小题6】
accidental/ccidental
【小题7】
senses/enses
【小题8】
tasting/asting
【小题9】
since/ince
【小题10】
fcus/cus
【解析】1.
【导语】本文以Michael Rsen Day的写作活动为例，介绍了如何创作有趣且令人满意的食物诗歌，提供了多种创作思路和方法，鼓励读者从不同感官体验中汲取灵感。
56．句意：试试这些方法，创作你自己的有趣且令人满意的食物诗歌。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语，根据下文提到的创作诗歌的具体建议，此处应是“方法”一词。结合首字母“m”，应填methds。
2. 句意：问问你自己为什么喜欢它，以及你是否可以尝试做一些类似的事情。该处需一个代词，在句中作动词“ask”的宾语，根据语境可知，此处是建议读者问自己，应用反身代词。结合首字母“y”，应填yurself。
3. 句意：这首诗是讲述一个故事还是表达一种特殊的情感？该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，与“tell a stry”并列，描述诗歌的内容，结合语境可知，此处应是“表达”情感。结合首字母“e”，应填express。
4. 句意：如果你在你面前找不到灵感，那就搜索你的大脑/记忆。该处需一个名词，在句中作动词“search”的宾语，根据后文“Daydream fr a minute”可知，此处是建议读者在脑海中搜索灵感。结合首字母“m”，应填mind/memry。
5. 句意：另一种方法是选择一个困扰你的时刻。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“way”，根据前文提到的创作诗歌的方法，此处应是介绍另一种方法。结合首字母“A”，应填Anther。
6. 句意：也许一只海鸥偷走了你最喜欢的薯条，或者一瓶意外的番茄酱喷溅弄脏了你新的白衬衫。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“spray”，根据语境可知，此处是描述番茄酱喷溅是意外的。结合首字母“a”，应填accidental。
7. 句意：Rsen说你可以用五种感官中的任何一种或全部来写诗。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语，根据后文提到的“seeing pem”“hearing pem”等，此处应是“感官”一词。结合首字母“s”，应填senses。
8. 句意：或者尝试一首关于学校晚餐香味的嗅觉诗，一首描述吃酸糖的味觉诗，或者一首关于滑溜溜面条的触觉诗。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“pem”，根据后文“describing eating a sur sweet”可知，此处应是描述味觉的诗歌。结合首字母“t”，应填tasting。
9. 句意：尝试这种方式可以让你的写作感觉生动，因为好的诗歌来自真实的感受。该处需一个连词，连接两个句子，根据语境可知，此处是解释为什么尝试这种方式可以让写作生动。结合首字母“s”，应填since。
10. 句意：选择一个小的食物时刻，密切关注它，然后把它变成你自己的有趣诗歌。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，与“pick”和“turn”并列，描述创作诗歌的步骤，结合语境可知，此处应是“关注”某个时刻。结合首字母“f”，应填fcus。
38.【答案】【小题1】
heat
【小题2】
easily
【小题3】
lazy
【小题4】
stre/keep
【小题5】
against
【解析】1. 【导语】这首诗描绘了夏日的温暖惬意，表达了珍藏美好、抵御寒冷的心愿。
1．句意：太阳带来热量，如此温暖又甜美。brings是动词“带来”，后接名词作宾语，heat“热量”，不可数名词。
2. 2. 句意：我可以在树荫下轻松地休息。rest是动词“休息”，需要副词来修饰，easily“容易地”符合。
3. 3．句意：躺在草地上，我感到慵懒惬意。Feeling是系动词，后接形容词作表语，lazy“慵懒的”，形容词。
4. 4．句意：我会把这一天珍藏在心底。I’ll后接动词原形，“储存”对应的动词是stre/keep。
5. 5．句意：用来抵御冬日的寒冷。fight against是固定搭配，意为“对抗、抵御”。
39.【答案】【小题1】
t
【小题2】
jining
【小题3】
t save
【小题4】
lively
【小题5】
prducts
【解析】1. 【导语】本文通过介绍故宫博物院的历史与现状，展现了它作为中国文化符号的独特魅力，同时说明它在传承文化的同时不断创新，保持着旺盛的生命力。
41．句意：它坐落在北京的中心，曾经是中国皇帝的居所。固定搭配be hme t表示“是……的所在地/栖息地/家园”。
2. 42．句意：故宫博物院是中国文化的象征，连接着过去与现在。此处用现在分词作伴随状语，说明主语The Palace Museum主动发出“连接”这一动作，因此jin变为jining。
3. 43．句意：它还拥有在线记录，为未来保存艺术瑰宝。此处用不定式作目的状语，说明“拥有在线记录”的目的是“为未来保存艺术”，因此save变为t save。
4. 44．句意：如今，故宫博物院和以往一样充满活力。as+形容词原级+as ever是固定结构，表示“和以往一样……”，此处需要形容词作表语，因此live变为形容词 lively。
5. 45．句意：它深受年轻人喜爱，这要归功于有趣的文创产品，比如笔记本和玩具。cultural prducts表示“文创产品”，是可数名词复数，此处用复数形式表示一类事物，因此prduce变为名词复数prducts。
40.【答案】 My Favurite Natural Spt in Nanjing
Nanjing is a city full f natural beauty. My favurite place is Xuanwu Lake. The best seasn t visit Xuanwu Lake is autumn.
The weather is cl and cmfrtable, with clear blue skies. The willw trees by the lake turn glden, and the air is filled with the sweet scent f chrysanthemums. Yu can take a bat ride n the calm water and enjy the beautiful views f the surrunding muntains.
T prtect this lvely place, we can d small but meaningful things. Fr example, we shuld always thrw rubbish int bins instead f littering. We can als avid picking flwers r damaging the plants. Additinally, we can tell mre peple abut the imprtance f prtecting natural scenery, s that mre peple will jin in the effrt t keep Xuanwu Lake clean and beautiful.
【解析】 My Favurite Natural Spt in Nanjing
Nanjing is a city full f natural beauty. My favurite place is Xuanwu Lake. （喜欢的地方）
The best seasn t visit Xuanwu Lake is autumn. The weather is cl and cmfrtable, with clear blue skies.The willw trees by the lake turn glden, and the air is filled with the sweet scent f chrysanthemums. 【高分句型一】Yu can take a bat ride n the calm water and enjy the beautiful views f the surrunding muntains.（参观的季节和理由） T prtect this lvely place, we can d small but meaningful things. 【高分句型二】Fr example, we shuld always thrw rubbish int bins instead f littering. We can als avid picking flwers r damaging the plants. Additinally, we can tell mre peple abut the imprtance f prtecting natural scenery, s that mre peple will jin in the effrt t keep Xuanwu Lake clean and beautiful.（如何保护）
【高分句型一】
The willw trees by the lake turn glden，and the air is filled with the sweet scent f chrysanthemums.
湖边的柳树变成了金黄色，空气中弥漫着菊花的芳香。and表并列。
【高分句型二】
T prtect this lvely place，we can d small but meaningful things.
为了保护这个美丽的地方，我们可以做一些虽小但有意义的事情。不定式作目的状语。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
Basic
infrmatin
Artificial light, (1) light frm signs and streetlamps, helps peple see when the sun ges dwn, but t much f it results in light pllutin.
Bad
(2)
Animals
● Artificial light (3) a greater number f insects t die, as it attracts them in a deadly way.
● What’s wrse, insects are clsely (4) with ther animals and plants because these living things depend n them fr fd r pllinatin.
● Artificial light puts the lives f birds at (5) because they may crash int the lighted buildings and twers.
Energy
● It is a (6) f energy t use verly bright lighting r leave lights n unnecessarily.
● On (7) , just in the U. S., utdr lights use abut 120 terawatt-hurs f energy each year.
Actins taken
Internatinal Dark Sky Week is celebrated every year frm April 21 t April 28.
● Mre and mre peple frm all walks f life are (8) f the imprtance f bringing natural night back.
● Dark Sky Internatinal’ s website suggests:
■ (9) using utdr lighting when it is nt necessary.
■spreading infrmatin abut light pllutin.
What is the purpse f this article? (不超过 15 个词)
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