译林版（2024）七年级英语下册期中复习讲义 方位介词 & There be 句型含答案

这是一份译林版（2024）七年级英语下册期中复习讲义 方位介词 & There be 句型含答案，共19页。学案主要包含了方位介词全景图谱，There be句型全解，易错陷阱与高分攻略等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本考点源自译林版七年级下册Unit 3《Finding yur way》与Unit 4《Neighburs》，是期中考试中语法填空、完形填空、单项选择及看图说话（非图形题则用描述性替换）的高频考查内容。掌握方位介词的区别和There be句型的“就近原则”及将来时态，能有效提升学生的空间描述能力和语法准确性。
一、方位介词全景图谱（核心8组）
方位介词用于表示物体之间的位置关系。以下为考试最常考的8组，务必牢记其含义及细微区别。
⚠️ 重点辨析：in frnt f（整体外部的前面）vs in the frnt f（内部空间的前部）。例如：The teacher stands in frnt f the classrm. (老师在教室外面正前方) / The teacher stands in the frnt f the classrm. (老师在教室内部的前面，即讲台位置)
二、There be句型全解（存在句型）
There be句型表示“某处存在某物/人”，结构为：There + be + 名词 + 地点状语。注意：be动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”——即与最近的名词保持一致。时态变化：一般现在时(is/are)，一般过去时(was/were)，一般将来时(will be / is ging t be)。
三、There be 与 have/has 的本质区别（高频考点）
There be表“存在”（某地有某物），have/has表“拥有”（某人/物有……）。考试中常混合考查。例如：I have a new bike. (我拥有) → There is a new bike in my hme. (存在)。另外，There be不能与have连用，不能出现“There have”的错误结构。
经典改错题：There is ging t have a cncert tmrrw. (❌) → There is ging t be a cncert tmrrw. (✅)
四、There be句型的一般将来时（考点4已略提及，此处强化）
表示“将会有”两种结构：① There will be + 名词；② There is/are ging t be + 名词。注意：无论后面名词单复数，will be 形式不变；ging t be 中 be 由真正主语决定。例如：There will be a meeting next week. / There is ging t be a film tnight. / There are ging t be tw parties.
五、易错陷阱与高分攻略
⚠️ 陷阱1：把“在树上”误用。外来的鸟、猫等用in the tree；果实、叶子用n the tree。
⚠️ 陷阱2：between常用于两者之间，amng用于三者或以上。
⚠️ 陷阱3：There be 就近原则在并列主语中，第一个名词是单数就用is，复数就用are，与后面无关。
⚠️ 陷阱4：there be 和 have 不能同时出现；there be 的将来时不能写成 there will have。
典型例题·名师精析（匹配期中题型）
例1 (介词填空) The cinema is ________ the bank and the supermarket. (在……之间) 答案：between [2分]
例2 (There be 填空) There ________ (be) a lt f rain in summer here. 答案：is (rain不可数) [2分]
例3 (单项选择) — Is there any milk in the fridge? — ________. But there is sme juice. A. Yes, there is B. N, there isn't C. N, there is D. Yes, there isn't 答案：B[2分]
例4 (句型转换) There are sme apples n the tree. (改为否定句) 答案：There aren't any apples n the tree. [2分]
例5 (翻译) 我家对面有一家医院。______________________________________ 答案：There is a hspital ppsite my hme.
实战综合演练（总分42分 · 紧扣期中卷型）
Part A 用适当的方位介词填空（每题2分，共12分）
1. The cat is hiding ________ the bed. (在下面)
2. The pst ffice is ________ the left f the library. (在左边)
3. Our teacher stands ________ the frnt f the classrm when having class. (内部前面)
4. The bank is ________ the hspital and the schl. (在两者之间)
5. The supermarket is ________ ur schl. (对面)
6. The little girl sits ________ her mther and father. (在……之间)
Part B 用There be或have/has的适当形式填空（每题2分，共12分）
1. ________ a pencil and tw erasers in the pencil case.
2. My sister ________ a new bicycle. It's red.
3. ________ any water in the bttle? N, it's empty.
4. Next mnth, ________ a sprts meeting in ur schl. (一般将来时)
5. Hw many flrs ________ in this building?
6. They ________ a big garden behind their huse.
Part C 单项选择（每题2分，共12分）
1. There ________ a basketball match between Class 1 and Class 2 tmrrw afternn.
A. will have B. is ging t have C. is ging t be D. are ging t be
2. —Where is the teacher's desk? —It's ________ the classrm.
A. in frnt f B. in the frnt f C. in the frnt D. frnt f
3. There ________ sme milk and tw eggs n the table.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
4. The new cinema is ________ the pst ffice. Yu can walk there in 2 minutes.
A. next B. next t C. between D. ppsite t
5. —________ there any students in the library? —Yes, but nly a few.
A. Is B. Are C. D D. Des
6. There ________ a great cncert in the park next Sunday, isn't there?
A. is ging t B. will be C. is ging t be D. are
Part D 根据中文提示完成句子（每题2分，共6分）
1. 墙上有一张世界地图。________________________________________
2. 我家后面有一个美丽的花园。________________________________________
3. 明天晚上将有一场精彩的电影。________________________________________
考点2 总结与考前叮咛
方位介词要结合生活场景多画脑图，There be句型务必牢记“就近原则”和“与have的区分”。将来时“There will be”结构不能写成“There will have”。期中考试中本考点通常占8-12分，题型包括单项选择、完形填空、句型转换及书面表达中的地点描述。建议课后完成课本Unit3 Integrated skills中的地图对话练习，并自己编写5组There be句子描述教室环境。
参考答案及解析
Part A 方位介词
1. under 2. n 3. in 4. between 5. ppsite 6. between
Part B There be / have
1. There is (就近a pencil) 2. has 3. Is there 4. there will be / there is ging t be 5. are there 6. have
Part C 单项选择
1. C (is ging t be) 2. B (内部前面) 3. A (就近原则，milk不可数) 4. B (next t) 5. B (students复数) 6. C (There is ging t be，反意疑问句前肯后否)
Part D 句子翻译
1. There is a wrld map n the wall.
2. There is a beautiful garden behind my huse.
3. There will be a wnderful film tmrrw evening. / There is ging t be a wnderful film tmrrw evening.
典型例题答案：
例1 between 例2 is 例3 B 例4 There aren't any apples n the tree. 例5 There is a hspital ppsite my hme.
※ 总分值: 典型例题(10分) + 实战演练(42分) = 52分，建议限时30分钟完成，教师可酌情调整分值。介词
含义
示例
易错提醒
in
在……里面（大范围或内部）
in the bx; in Beijing
in the tree (外来物) vs n the tree (长在树上)
n
在……上面（接触表面）
n the desk; n the wall
n the left/right
under
在……正下方
under the chair
反义词 abve/ver
behind
在……后面
behind the dr
反义词 in frnt f
in frnt f
在……外部前面
in frnt f the huse
对比 in the frnt f (内部前部)
next t
紧挨着，在旁边
next t the supermarket
同义词 beside / near
between
在……两者之间
between A and B
后面常跟and
ppsite
在……对面
ppsite the bank
acrss frm 美式表达
句型结构
例句
用法说明
There is + 可数名词单数/不可数名词
There is a bk n the desk.
There is sme water in the bttle.
单数或不可数用is
There are + 可数名词复数
There are tw apples n the table.
复数用are
就近原则
There is a pen and tw pencils in the case.
There are tw pencils and a pen in the case.
be由最靠近的名词决定
否定式
There isn't / aren't any...
There is n...
any用于否定/疑问，n = nt a/any
一般疑问句
Is there / Are there
Yes, there is/are. N, there isn't/aren't.
将be提前
特殊疑问句
Hw many bks are there?
What's in the bx?
数量提问用Hw many + 复数 + are