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2026高考英语专题复习之历年真题精选汇编(教师版)_专题二十 语法填空——说明文
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这是一份2026高考英语专题复习之历年真题精选汇编(教师版)_专题二十 语法填空——说明文,共6页。试卷主要包含了考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致,考查非谓语动词,56等内容,欢迎下载使用。
G is ne f 57.________________ earliest binary-based(基于二元的) games.The mvements f the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas f Eastern philsphy,accrding t Tu Ningning,wh is in charge f the exhibitin.
“The exhibitin brings tgether G culture,cutting-edge technlgy and cntemprary art,” says Tu.“We hpe 58.________________(present) the rather abstract G game and AI in a visual cntext,and initiate dialgues with minimalist art,cnceptual art and expressinism.”
“In a G game,each mve shuld serve a lng-term gal.Yu try t lead the ppnent int yur trap and frce them t fllw yur ‘59.________________(guide)’ till they lse,” explains Wang Wei,a G player amng the visitrs t the exhibitin.
“The players’ persnalities 60.________________(reveal) during the game,and ne’s weaknesses are expsed t the ppnent,” she adds.“A decent winner always 61.________________(try) t beat the ppnent 62.________________ n mre than ne r tw pints as a gesture(姿态) f respect fr the ther side.”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the 63.__________________(strategy) placement f the pieces,64._________________ the energy flw fllwing each mve inspired artists t create il paintings,sculptures,65.________________(digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints fr the exhibitin.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
56.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“G,r weiqi in Chinese”,指物,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
57.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处为“ne f+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
58.【答案】t present
【解析】考查非谓语动词。hpe t d sth为固定搭配,意为“希望做某事”,所以此处需用动词不定式,作宾语。故填t present。
59.【答案】guidance
【解析】考查名词。此处应用名词guidance“引导”作fllw的宾语,不可数。故填guidance。
60.【答案】are revealed
【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时;主语The players’ persnalities与动词reveal之间为被动关系,所以空处需用一般现在时的被动语态;主语为复数,be动词用are。故填are revealed。
61.【答案】tries
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据always可知,本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时;主语a decent winner为第三人称单数,所以谓语需用第三人称单数形式。故填tries。
62.【答案】by
【解析】考查介词。“by+具体数值”表示“以(某一差值)”,此处指“以一到两分的优势”,符合语境。故填by。
63.【答案】strategic
【解析】考查形容词。此处修饰名词placement,需用形容词strategic“战略性的,策略的”,作定语。故填strategic。
64.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。“the balance between the black and white pieces” “the beauty in the strategic placement f the pieces” “the energy flw fllwing each mve”三者为并列关系,作主语,所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
65.【答案】digitally
【解析】考查副词。此处修饰过去分词generated,需用副词digitally“以数字方式”,作状语。故填digitally。
(2025·浙江1月)
The price f fashin—ecnmically and envirnmentally—has led t the rise f 56.__________ new way f dressing,and it’s beginning t take ff in Australia,t.As peple nw chse t wear mre clthes fewer 57.________________(time),clthing rental services have becme increasingly ppular.
“I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli,wh wns a clthing rental shp.“Custmers tday lk past the fact that smething is secndhand and fcus instead 58.________________ the fact that they have smething unique t wear 59.________________ are nt verstuffing their wn wardrbes(衣柜) r cntributing t landfill.”
Tanya’s shp ffers fashin clthes fr wmen 60.________________(rent) rather than purchase them utright,prviding a less expensive 61.________________(slve) t ne-time event dressing.The cncept 62.________________(be) certainly nt new—men have been renting gd suits fr decades—but fr female shppers,it is just taking ff.This clthing-as-service mdel fllws the brader scietal mvement twards shared ecnmies.
Tanya is als lking beynd special-ccasin dresses t less frmal clthing,63.____________ she plans t package as capsule wardrbes and ffer t travellers,such as thse headed t weddings abrad,with a lnger-term rental perid.“I really want t make this wrk fr 64.________________(peple) lives tday,and I knw that desn’t always mean 65.________________(return) a dress n the Mnday after a special weekend,” she says.
语篇解读 本文描述了时尚的代价推动服装租赁业兴起的现象。
56.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。此处泛指“一种”新的方式,应用不定冠词,new的首字母发音为辅音音素,故填a。
57.答案 times
【解析】考查名词复数。time用作可数名词,表示“次数”,由前面的“fewer”可知,此处需要用名词的复数形式。故填times。
58.答案 n/upn
【解析】考查介词。固定搭配 fcus n/upn意为“专注于……”。
59.答案 and
【解析】考查连词。句意为:如今的消费者不再纠结于物品是二手这一事实,转而关注一个更重要的点:他们拥有了独特的穿戴单品,既避免了把自己的衣柜塞得满满的,也不会给垃圾填埋场添乱。结合句意及分析句子结构可知,have和are nt verstuffing之间为并列关系,故用并列连词and来连接。故填and。
60.答案 t rent
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处为动词不定式作后置定语,修饰fashin clthes。故填t rent。
61.答案 slutin
【解析】考查名词。由空格前面的a可知,设空处应用名词形式,故填slutin。
62.答案 is
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。由but后的并列分句可知,本句描述的是现在的情况,应用一般现在时,主语The cncept为单数,故填is。
63.答案 which
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词clthing,并在从句中作package和ffer的宾语,故填which。
64.答案 peple’s
【解析】考查名词所有格。句意为:她说:“我真心希望能为人们当下的生活需求服务,而且我知道这并不总意味着——比如在特别周末后的周一退回一条裙子。”根据句意可知,lives与peple之间是所属关系,所以应用名词所有格,故填peple’s。
65.答案 returning
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析。根据句意可知,mean在此处意为“意味着”,mean ding sth意为“意味着做某事”,是固定用法,故填returning。
(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ)
Chinese cultural elements cmmemrating(纪念) Tang Xianzu,56.____________ is knwn as “the Shakespeare f Asia,” add an internatinal character t Stratfrd-upn-Avn,William Shakespeare's hmetwn.
Tang and Shakespeare were cntempraries and bth died in 1616.Althugh they culd never have met,there are cmmn 57.____________(theme) in their wrks,said Paul Edmndsn,head f research fr the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.“Sme f the things that Tang was writing abut 58.____________(be) als Shakespeare's cncerns.I happen t knw that Tang's play The Peny Pavilin(《牡丹亭》) is similar in sme ways 59.____________ Rme and Juliet.”
A statue cmmemrating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.Tw years later,a six-meter-tall pavilin,60.____________(inspire) by The Peny Pavilin,61.____________(build) at the Firs Garden,just ten minutes' walk frm Shakespeare's birthplace.
Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd's internatinal 62.____________(visible),said Edmndsn,adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed 63.____________(find) the cnnectin between the tw great writers.
64.____________(recall) watching a Chinese pera versin f Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actrs wh came t Stratfrd a few years ag t perfrm parts f The Peny Pavilin,Edmndsn said,“It was very exciting t hear the Chinese language 65.____________ see hw Tang's play was being perfrmed.”
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文,中等难度。文章主要探讨了中国明代戏剧学家汤显祖与西方剧作家莎士比亚之间的文化渊源与文化联系,并且阐述了文化交流给世界人民带来的有关于文化之美的惊喜和感受。
【答案】56.wh 57.themes 58.were 59.t 60.inspired 61.was built 62.visibility 63.t find 64.Recalling 65.and
【解析】56.考查定语从句。空格处为非限制性定语从句的关系词,先行词为“Tang Xianzu”,指人,在该从句中作主语。故填wh。
57.考查名词复数。本句为“there be”句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词“are”可判断,本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
58.考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“sme f the things”,复数。故填were。
59.考查介词。be similar t意为“和……相似”。故填t。
60.考查非谓语动词。空格处为非谓语动词担当后置定语,逻辑主语“a six-meter-tall pavilin”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填inspired。
61.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Tw years later”可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilin”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was built。
62.考查名词。形容词internatinal后接名词作宾语,visibility“知名度”为不可数名词。故填visibility。
63.考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语,用动词不定式。故填t find。
64.考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,主语“Edmndsn”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系,用现在分词;句首单词的首字母大写。故填Recalling。
65.考查连词。空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see hw Tang's play was being perfrmed”为并列结构,用and连接。故填and。
(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ)
Heatherwick Studi recently built a greenhuse at the edge f the Natinal Trust's Wlbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure,named Glasshuse,is at the centre f a new garden that shws hw the Silk Rad influences English gardens even in mdern times.
The latest 56.____________(engineer) techniques are applied t create this prtective 57.____________(functin) structure that is als beautiful.The design features ten steel “sepals(萼片)” made f glass and aluminium(铝).These sepals pen n warm days 58.____________(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cld weather,the structure stays 59.____________(clse) t prtect the plants.
Further,the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse 60.____________(walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad,by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr 61.____________ first time.These plants included mdern Western 62.____________(favurite) such as rsemary,lavender and fennel.The garden als cntains a winding path that guides visitrs thrugh the twelve regins f the Silk Rad.The path ffers ver 300 plant species fr visitrs t see,t.
The Glasshuse stands 63.____________ a great achievement in cntemprary design,t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing(追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute 64.____________ brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the 65.____________(rich) f gardening in England.
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文,较难。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近在国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园的边缘建造了一个动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
56.【答案】56.engineering 57.functinal 58.t give 59.clsed 60.walks 61.the 62.favurites 63.as 64.which/that 65.richness
【解析】56.考查名词。分析句子结构可知,空白处作定语修饰后面的名词,engineering在此处是名词作定语,engineering techniques意为“工程技术”。故填engineering。
57.考查形容词。空处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语。故填functinal。
58.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处应用动词不定式作目的状语,表示“为了给……提供……”。故填t give。
59.考查形容词。空处用于stay(系动词)之后作表语,应用形容词clsed,表示“紧闭的”。故填clsed。
60.考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上下文语境可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Rute Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。walk sb thrugh...意为“带领某人穿过……”。故填walks。
61.考查冠词。固定搭配fr the first time意为“第一次”。故填the。
62.考查名词复数。favurite是可数名词,意为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后such as rsemary,lavender and fennel可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favurites。
63.考查介词。根据句意可知,此处指的是Glasshuse“作为”当代设计的一项伟大成就。故填as。
64.考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Silk Rute,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
65.考查名词。分析句子结构可知,空处应用名词richness,作介词f的宾语,表示“丰富性”。故填richness。
(2024·浙江,1月)
The shelves in mst supermarkets are full f family-size this and multi-buy that.Hwever,if yu’re shpping fr ne,buying extra 56. (benefit) frm price reductins desn’t make sense.Either yur shpping is then t heavy t carry hme 57. yu can’t use what yu’ve bught while it’s still fresh.
Of curse,shps are nt charities—they price gds in the way 58. will make them the mst mney.If mst f their custmers are happy t buy larger quantities,that’s 59.________they’ll prmte.But that leaves the sl(单独) custmers ut f pcket and disappinted.
Many supermarkets are n lnger ding “buy ne get ne free” prmtins because f the 60. (criticize) that they lead t waste.Cnsumers prefer mney ff individual items.Hwever,thugh it’s nice t get a few cents ff a pack f sausages,it wuld help even mre if they culd smetimes 61. (ffer) in smaller packs.Even the biggest sausage fan desn’t want t eat them every day.
If yur supermarket sells lse prduce,then buying smaller quantities is easier.Over the last tw years,sme supermarkets 62. (start) selling chicken r salad in packs 63.________(design) with tw halves cntaining separate prtins(份).Then,when yu use ne sectin,64. ther stays fresh.
Wh knws,perhaps sme f the mre frward-lking 65. (ne) may yet cme ut with a whle range f “just fr yu” pack sizes with special ffers as well.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。
56.答案 t benefit
解析 考查动词不定式。根据“buying extra”和“frm price reductins”可知,此处是指多买一件来享受降价,所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填t benefit。
57.答案 r
解析 考查固定句式。意为“要么……要么……”。故填r。
58.答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为way,表示“方式,方法”,指物,所以应填关系代词that或which。
59.答案 what
解析 考查名词性从句。表语从句中缺少宾语,且是指事物,所以应填连接代词what。
60.答案 criticism
解析 考查名词。根据空前冠词the及空后同位语从句“that they lead t waste”可知,此处应填名词criticism“批评”。
61.答案 be ffered
解析 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。动词ffer意为“提供”,和其逻辑主语构成被动关系,主语they指代前文中的sausages。在情态动词culd后动词应用原形。故填be ffered。
62.答案 have started
解析 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Over the last tw years”可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语为复数,助动词用have。故填have started。
63.答案 designed
解析 考查过去分词。动词design意为“设计”,在句中作非谓语,和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。
64.答案 the
解析 考查冠词。the ther意为“(两个中的)另一个”,为固定搭配。故填the。
65.答案 nes
解析 考查代词。代词ne在sme f后应用复数形式。故填nes。
(2024·全国甲)
Althugh parks f all sizes and types exist at any level,the natinal parks,in particular,tend 61.____________(catch) ur attentin because f their large size and variety.They are 62.____________(treasure) f American heritage(遗产).Hw did the natinal park system cme abut? On a cl,starry night in mid-September 1870,fur men relaxed befre a campfire alng the Firehle River in 63.____________ is nw nrthwestern Wyming.They 64.____________(be) part f a 15-member explring party that had spent almst five awesme weeks in witness f the natural beauties there.
What shuld 65.____________(d) with such a beautiful place? They wndered ut lud.This area,with 66.____________(it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved 67.____________ all peple f the natin t enjy—as a natinal park.They all agreed and vwed(承诺) t prmte the idea at the 68.____________(cmplete) f their jurney.Their prmtinal wrk paid ff.Tw years later,18 years befre Wyming became a state,Yellwstne became the first natinal park in the United States and the wrld.Yellwstne was the 69.____________(large) United States natinal park—2.2 millin acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in suthern Alaska,70.____________ became a natinal mnument in 1978,tk the hnrs as a natinal park in 1980 with 12.3 millin acres.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来。
【答案】61.t catch 62.treasures 63.what 64.were 65.be dne 66.its 67.fr 68.cmpletin 69.largest 70.which
【解析】61.考查非谓语动词。固定搭配tend t d sth表示“倾向于做某事,往往做某事”,故填t catch。
62.考查名词复数。treasure表示“宝藏”,为可数名词,结合前文They are可知,应用复数形式,故填treasures。
63.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导的宾语从句作介词in的宾语,空处在该从句中作主语,指物,应用what,故填what。
64.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空前They指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870年,同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知,本空时态为一般过去时且为复数形式,故填were。
65.考查被动语态。主语what指“事情”,与谓语动词d之间是被动关系,情态动词shuld后接动词原形,故填be dne。
66.考查代词。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词,故填its。
67.考查介词。分析句子结构可知,此处应填介词fr,fr与名词连用后接不定式,构成fr sb t d结构,在此结构中fr用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。故填fr。
68.考查名词。分析句子结构可知,空处应填名词作宾语,cmplete名词形式为cmpletin,不可数,故填cmpletin。
69.考查形容词最高级。空前有the,为形容词最高级标志词,本句暗含着Yellwstne与美国所有国家公园之间的比较。用large的最高级作定语,故填largest。
70.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias,指物,在从句中作主语,故填which。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
Xia lng ba(sup dumplings),thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers encasing ht,56. (taste) sup and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd.The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerusly ht.T eat ne,yu have t decide whether 57. (bite) a small hle in it first,releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出),58. t put the whle dumpling in yur muth,letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue(舌头).
Shanghai may be the 59. (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings,but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring ancient canal twn f Nanxiang as xia lng ba’s birthplace.There, yu’ll find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup,and the wrappers are pressed 60. hand rather than rlled.
Nanxiang aside,the best xia lng ba have a fine skin,allwing them 61. (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f 62. (they) cntents.The meat shuld be fresh with 63. tuch f sweetness, and the surrunding sup ht,clear and delicius.
N matter where I buy them,ne steamer basket is 64. (rare) enugh,yet tw seems greedy,and s I am always left 65. (want) mre next time.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包,讲述了小笼包的特点、发源地以及制作方法等等。
【答案】56.tasty 57.t bite 58.r 59.recgnized 60.by 61.t be lifted 62.their 63.a 64.rarely 65.wanting
【解析】56.查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词sup(汤),意为“美味的”,应用形容词作定语,故填tasty。
57. 考查非谓语动词。此处考查“whether+不定式”结构,空处与后面t put是并列关系,故填t bite。
58.考查连词。“是……还是……”,为固定搭配,故填r。
59.考查非谓语动词。空处在名词hme前面作定语,recgnize与hme之间是逻辑上的被动关系,需填过去分词recgnized作定语,recgnized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recgnized。
60.考查介词。by hand“用手”是固定搭配,故填by。
61.考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allw sb t d sth“允许某人做某事”可知,空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语lift ut与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的被动关系,空处需填动词不定式的被动式。故填t be lifted。
62.考查代词。修饰后面的名词cntents需用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
63.考查冠词。a tuch f意为“一点点;稍许”,为常用搭配,tuch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
64.考查副词。修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely“罕有,很少”,故填rarely。
65.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”结构,本句是被动语态,want是主语补足语,根据句意,I与want之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词。故填wanting。
(2023·全国甲)
Fr thusands f years,peple have tld fables(寓言) 61. (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures,and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the 62. (six) century,,the frm f the fable still has values tday,63. Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
Carsn uses a simple,direct style cmmn t fables.In fact,her style and tne(口吻) are seemingly directed at children.“There was nce a twn in the heart f America 64._________all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins,65._________(brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.Behind the simple style,hwever,is a serius message 66. (intend) fr everyne.
67. (difference) frm traditinal fables,Carsn’s stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral.She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety,and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 68. saving their envirnment.
The themes f traditinal fables ften deal with simple truths abut everyday life.Hwever,Carsn’s theme is a mre weighty 69. (warn) abut envirnmental destructin.Carsn prves that a simple literary frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still 70. (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以蕾切尔·卡逊的作品为例介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
【答案】61.t teach 62.sixth 63.as 64.where 65.brrwing 66.intended 67.Different 68.fr 69.warning 70.be emplyed
【解析】61.考查非谓语动词。此处与t pass n wisdm并列作目的状语。故填t teach。
62.考查数词。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
63.考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as。故填as。
64.考查定语从句。句中先行词为twn,在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
65.考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词,所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与brrw之间为主动关系,所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填brrwing。
66.考查非谓语动词。be intended fr打算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
67.考查形容词。be different frm与……不同,所以用形容词作状语,且位于句首,首字母大写。故填Different。
68.考查介词。take respnsibility fr对……负责,为固定搭配。故填fr。
69.考查名词。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知,此处用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
70.考查动词的语态。宾语从句的主语a simple literary frm与emply之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be emplyed。
(2023·全国乙)
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern.Frm Buddhist temples t museums,narrw hutng 61. ryal palaces,it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut,with the city keeping its carefully 62. (build) system f ring rads.
But fr all its ancient buildings,Beijing is als a place 63. welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life,with 21st-century architectural 64. (wnder) standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
It is a distinct visual cntrast(反差) that shuldn’t wrk,65. smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.66. (visit) several times ver the last 10 years,I 67. (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new,and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing.As a phtgrapher,I have spent the last tw years 68. (recrd) everything I discvered.
The 69. (remark) develpment f this city,which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld,70. (mean) there is always smething new t discver here,and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合,同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师,记录了这座城市的变化,并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
【答案】61.t 62.built 63.which/that 64.wnders 65.but 66.Having visited 67.was amazed 68.recrding 69.remarkable 70.means
【解析】61.考查介词。根据上文的“Frm Buddhist temples t museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用介词t。故填t。
62.考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词作定语,表示“精心建造的……”,和被修饰词“system f ring rads”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填built。
63.考查定语从句。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
64.考查名词的复数。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“histrical buildings f the past”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填wnders。
65.考查连词。空前“It is a distinct visual cntrast(反差) that shuldn’t wrk”和空后“smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin”之间存在转折关系,用but。故填but。
66.考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词充当状语,和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系;根据时间状语“ver the last 10 years”可知,用现在完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的完成式;置于句首,首字母应大写。故填Having visited。
67.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这里为本句的谓语动词,根据下文“hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态;主语是单数。故填was amazed。
68.考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) ding sth花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词作宾语,用动名词形式。故填recrding。
69.考查形容词。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词修饰名词“develpment f this city”。故填remarkable。
70.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。这里为本句的谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语develpment为单数名词,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
(2023·北京)
Mangrves, knwn as “red frest” in China, grw between land and sea, characterised by their cmplex rts. When 14 (see) frm afar, the mangrve frests appear mre splendid.
Mangrves can help sften waves and prtect 15 (city) frm castal winds. Fr these reasns, they are praised as “castal guardians”. Up t nw, China 16 (establish) a number f prtected areas with mangrves.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。红树林,生长在陆地和海洋之间,有助于软化海浪,保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭,到目前为止,中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。
【答案】14.seen 15.cities 16.has established
【解析】14.考查状语从句的省略。句意为:从远处看,红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略,当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时,且从句含有be动词,从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中,主语为the mangrve frests,和动词see是被动关系,从句应用一般现在时的被动语态,完整形式为when they are seen frm afar,省略主语和be动词,故填seen。
15.考查名词复数。句意为:红树林有助于软化海浪,保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语,为可数名词,应用复数形式表泛指,故填cities。
16.考查时态和主谓一致。句意为:到目前为止,中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up t nw(到目前为止)可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has established。
(2023·北京)
Nina has run marathns in 32 cuntries. All f her runs have a guiding purpse: t call attentin 17 glbal water issues. Nina recently finished her year-lng series f runs in Chicag, 18 thusands were attending a water cnference.She called fr actin 19 (address)the struggles f peple arund the wrld 20 (face) “t little water r t dirty water”. Her effrts have encuraged thers t take part by running thrugh a glbal campaign called“Run Blue”.
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的:呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近,尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动,数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。
【答案】17.t 18.where 19.t address 20.Facing
【解析】17.考查介词。句意为:她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的:呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attentin t。故填t。
18.考查定语从句。句意为:最近,尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动,数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicag,在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
19.考查非谓语动词。句意为:她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语,故用不定式。故填t address。
20.考查非谓语动词。句意为:她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语peple构成主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语,故填facing。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
The Chinese gvernment recently finalized a plan t set up a Giant Panda Natinal Park(GPNP).56. (cver) an area abut three times 57. size f Yellwstne Natinal Park,the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that 58. (be) previusly unprtected,bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity 59. (increase) effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilt perid,the GPNP will be fficially set up next year.The GPNP 60.________(design) t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) f natural ecsystems,preserving bilgical diversity,prtecting eclgical buffer znes,61. leaving behind precius natural assets(资产) fr future generatins”.The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate 62. (ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas,and 63. (eventual) achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
Giant pandas als serve 64. an umbrella species(物种),bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species 65. live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。中国政府最近敲定了建立大熊猫国家公园GPNP的计划,文章介绍了GPNP的概况和建立的目的及意义。
【答案】56.Cvering 57.the 58.were 59.t increase 60.is designed 61.and 62.ppulatins 63.eventually 64.as 65.that
【解析】56.考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语,cver和句子的主语the GPNP为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式作状语,此空位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Cvering。
57.考查冠词。“倍数+the+名词+f”是倍数的一种表达方式。故填the。
58.考查时态和主谓一致。that后是定语从句,that指代先行词areas作主语,根据previusly可知时态是一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语是复数,从句谓语应用复数形式。故填were。
59.考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作目的状语,应用动词的不定式形式。故填t increase。
60.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态;主语是单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
61.考查连词。“preserving bilgical diversity”,“prtecting eclgical buffer znes”和“leaving behind precius natural assets”三者是现在分词并列作状语,因此用and连接。故填and。
62.考查名词复数。设空处和and后的复数名词hmes并列在句中作宾语,应用可数名词ppulatin(种群)的复数形式。故填ppulatins。
63.考查副词。用副词修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。
64.考查介词。serve as“担任,充当”,是固定短语。故填as。
65.考查定语从句关系词。空格后面是定语从句,先行词species在从句中作主语,且前面有all修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
(2022·全国乙)
May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day,which was named fficially 41 the United Natins n Nvember 27th,2019.T celebrate 42 festival,a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety 43 (address) the pening ceremny.“As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day,the birthplace f tea and the 44 (large) tea-prducing cuntry,China has a 45 (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.It can help t build a cmmunity with a 46 (share) future fr mankind,” he said.
The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin 47 cultural exchanges.A fur-year tea prmtin—Tea Rad Cperative Plan—was als issued in accrdance with the initiative.
48 (strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple,the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, 49 (invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremny,pening 50 (it) first exhibitin:The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日,中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。
【答案】41.by 42.the 43.addressed 44.largest 45.respnsibility 46.shared 47.and 48.T strengthen 49.inviting 50.Its
【解析】41.考查介词。根据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
42.考查冠词。特指上文提到的Internatinal Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。
43.考查时态。此处陈述过去的事情,用一般过去时。故填addressed。
44.考查形容词最高级。根据定冠词the和常识可知,中国是世界上最大的产茶国,所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
45.考查名词。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填respnsibility。
46.考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
47.考查连词。名词短语internatinal cperatin和cultural exchanges为并列成分,作动词prmte的宾语。故填and。
48.考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填T strengthen。
49.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
50.考查代词。名词exhibitin前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
(2022·北京)
Why d humans prefer sme smells ver thers? One thery, increasingly 14 (supprt) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy t explain hw we determine 15 smells are dangerus r nt: we learn. This has been adpted t ensure easier detectin f gas leaks. Gas naturally 16 (have) n recgnisable smell. Hwever, a strng smell is added s that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell assciated with danger.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因,是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的,这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。
【答案】14. supprted 15 whether 16. has
【解析】14. 考查非谓语动词。句意为:被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知,空格处的动词做非谓语,结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”,所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supprted。
15. 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为:解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的:我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知,空格前的determine为及物动词,空格后是主+系+表的句子结构,所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的r nt可知,此处考查whether…r nt的搭配。故填whether。
16. 考查主谓一致。句意为:气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语,本句话是在陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时态,且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称,为不可数名词,所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。
(2022·浙江)
T understand a painting,we’re taught t lk fr clr,cmpsitin,and light.But hw can a painting 56. (appreciate) by smene wh’s blind? Thrugh tuch,the ne thing gallery signs tell yu nt 57. (d).Jhn Olsn,a frmer 58. (phtgraph) and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
The tactile(可触知的)paintings wrk as a way t shw art t 59. blind because we dn’t see with just ur eyes:We see with ur brains.Research in the field f neurplasticity—the brain’s adaptability—shws that the visual crtex(大脑皮层) is made active by tuch.Blind peple recgnize shapes with their 60. (exist) senses,in a way similar t that f 61. (sight) peple,says Ella Striem-Amit,a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias,wh’s nw thirteen,went blind suddenly 62. age seven.When he felt a 3D versin f Lenard da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa” he 63. (ntice) her smile right away.“I can actually feel what yu see when yu lk at it,” he said.
Fr Luc,this means 64. (independent).“The feeling f being able t see it 65.__________t frm my pinin is like breaking dwn anther wall as a blind persn.”
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。
【答案】56.be appreciated 57.t d 58.phtgrapher 59.the 60.existing 61.sighted 62.at 63.nticed 64.independence 65.and
【解析】56.考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语a painting与动词appreciate为被动关系,且置于情态动词can 之后,所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填be appreciated。
57.考查不定式。tell sb nt t d sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填t d。
58.考查名词。根据句意表示“摄影师”,此处为单数概念,故填phtgrapher。
59.考查冠词。the blind“盲人”,“the+形容词”表示一类人。故填the。
60.考查形容词。形容词existing“现有的”作定语,修饰sense。故填existing。
61.考查形容词。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词peple,表示“能看见的,不盲的”。故填sighted。
62.考查介词。表示“在多大年龄”时,用介词at。故填at。
63.考查时态。根据“he felt”可知,本句为一般过去时。故填nticed。
64.考查名词。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。 故填independence。
65.考查连词。根据句意可知,前后为并列关系,所以用and来连接。故填and。
(2022·浙江1月)
Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics 36 are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change. Travelling t cnferences, lectures, wrkshps, and the like frequently by plane 37 (view) as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin. But Cbb and thers 38 (be) nw questining that idea pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely, and 39 ( change ) their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, 40 (rugh ) 200 academics - many f them climate scientists 41 ( prmise ) t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak 42 she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f 43 time, they agreed. When the answer, was n, she, declined the
44 (invite ) . That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans 45 (cntinue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding.”,she says, “a really psitive change. ”
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践,目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候 变化危机。
【答案】36. wh/that 37.is viewed/has been viewed 38.are 39. changing 40.rughly
41.have prmised 42.whether/if 43.the 44. invitatin 45.t cntinue
【解析】36.考查定语从句。句意为:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cbb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中 的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语, 应使用关系代词替代,故填that/wh。
37.考查被动语态。句意为:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件 事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认 知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed或has been viewed。
38.考查时态和主谓一致。句意为:但是现在Cbb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机 会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,此处也应 使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。
39.考查时态。句意为:但是现在Cbb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了 尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知,此处and连接并列 的动词 questining 和 change,故填 changing。
40.考查副词。句意为:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者, 他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词rughly “粗略地大约”,故填rughly。
41.考查时态。句意为:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者, 他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have prmised。
42.考查宾语从句。句意为:对于她的出席,Cbb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出 现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if “是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。
43.考查冠词。句意为:大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cbb询问的时间范围内,故填the。
44.考查名词。句意为:当答案是否定的时候,她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语,故填 invitatin。
45.考查动词不定式。句意为:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式,plan t d sth “计划做”,故填 t cntinue。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles’ sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”. 56. ________ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes. The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we 57. ________(human) are.
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will 58. ________(undubted) help yu get refreshed! The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the 59. ________(ht) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is—always leaving us 60. ________(astnish).
What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it 61. ________(be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place. Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure 62. ________ ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur 63. ________(ache) legs.
As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear” , and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in 64. ________(I). While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is 65. ________ must t visit!
【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者爬黄山的见闻和感受。
【答案】56. What 57. humans 58. undubtedly 59. htter 60. astnished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine 65. a
【解析】56.考查名词性从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知, 本空引导主语从句, 且在从句中作主语, 意为“……的事物” 。本空位于句首, 首字母应大写, 故填What。
57.考查名词复数。本空作we的同位语, 故应该用名词的复数形式。
58.考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知, 空处作状语修饰动词help, 故填undubtedly。
59.考查形容词比较级。根据语境可知气温越低, 温泉就越热。本空所在句使用了“the+比较级, the+比较级” 结构表示“越……越……” , 故本空填ht的比较级htter。
60.考查词性转换。本空在“leave+复合宾语” 结构中作宾补, astnished感到惊讶的;astnishing令人惊讶的。根据语境可知, 这里指的是使我们感到惊讶, 故填astnished。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句中有时间状语then, 因此这里说的是当初人们把那些石头放在固定的位置上很难, 且it为第三人称单数, 故本空填was。
62.考查连词。本空连接两个谓语动词(highlights和ffers), 表示并列关系, 因此这里填并列连词and。
63.考查非谓语动词。本空在句中作定语, ache与中心词legs是逻辑上的主动关系, 故用现在分词aching。
64.考查代词。与前面的it will always stick in the visitr’s memry呼应, 这里表示It sure sticks in my memry, 因此本空填名词性物主代词mine。
65.考查冠词。此处must表示“必须做的事” , 为可数名词, 通常用单数。a must表示“必须做的一件事” 。
(2021·北京)
Why d we dream?Scientists aren’t cmpletely sure,and they have diverse 11. (idea).Dreams might be a side effect f memry making.When yu sleep,yur brain srts thrugh everything 12. happened during the day,trying t link new experiences t ld memries.As it 13. (cnnect) things,yur brain turns them int a stry,and yu get a dream.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了做梦的原因:夜晚的时候,大脑会将白天的信息编撰成故事。
【答案】11.ideas 12.that 13.cnnects
【解析】11.考查名词单复数。idea为可数名词,根据空前的diverse“各种各样的”可知,此处应用idea的复数形式。
12.考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词everything,并在从句中作主语;先行词为不定代词,故用that引导。
13.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,该句陈述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时;该句主语为it,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式;且主语和谓语动词之间为主动关系,故用cnnects。
Passage 13: (2021·北京)
There 17. (be) a dramatic rise in the number f extreme weather events ver the past 20 years,18. (cause) largely by rising glbal temperatures,accrding t a new reprt frm the United Natins.Frm 2000 t 2019,there were 7,348 majr natural disasters arund the wrld,19. (result) in USD 2,970 billin in ecnmic lss.Much f this increase can be due t climate change.The findings shw a critical need 20. (invest) in disaster preventin.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。近20年来,全球气候变暖导致极端气候事件发生的次数急剧增加,导致了许多重大自然灾害的发生,这使得人类遭受了巨大的经济损失。我们必须找到方法解决这一问题。
【答案】17.has been 18.caused 19.resulting 20.t invest
【解析】17.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“ver the past 20 years”可知,该处用现在完成时;主语为“a dramatic rise”,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has been。
18.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词,cause与extreme weather events为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填caused。
19.考查非谓语动词。此处表示从2000年到2019年,全球共发生7 348起重大自然灾害,造成经济损失29 700亿美元。分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词,result与majr natural disasters之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词形式表示自然而然的结果,故填resulting。
20.考查动词不定式。名词need“需要”后一般用动词不定式作后置定语,故填t invest。
(2021·全国乙)
Ecturism is cmmnly regarded as lw impact(影响) travel t undisturbed places. It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme 61. ________(educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the 62. ________(develp) f the lcal areas.
Ecturism has 63. ________(it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept 64. ________ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing envirnmental awareness made it desirable.
Due t 65. ________ grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types 66. ________ trips are nw being classified as ecturism. Actually, a true ec-friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles:
·Minimize the impact f 67. ________(visit)the place.
·Build respect fr and awareness f the envirnment and cultural practices.
·Prvide 68. ________(finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.
·Make sure that the turism prvides psitive experiences fr bth the visitrs and the hsts.
Kmd Natinal Park, fficially recgnized in 1980, is ppular fr ecturism because f its unique bidiversity. 69. ________(activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足) and accmmdatins aim 70. ________(have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了生态旅游的概念、起源及其标准等。
【答案】61. educated 62. develpment 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. f 67. visiting 68. financial 69. Activities 70. t have
【解析】61.考查词性转换。在系动词becme后应用形容词作表语。
62.考查词性转换。空格在冠词the之后, 应填名词develpment, 意为“发展”, 为不可数名词。
63.考查代词。空格在名词之前, 因此填形容词性物主代词its, 表示“它的”起源。
64.考查特殊句式。根据句意和句中的nt可知, 本空填until, 构成nt. . . until的强调句。nt. . . until. . . 直到……才……。
65.考查冠词。名词ppularity后有定语, 故其前应用定冠词the表特指。the grwing ppularity f. . . ……的日益流行。
66.考查介词。type后常跟f sth. , varius types f trips不同类型的旅行, 因此填f。
67.考查非谓语动词。在介词f后应接动名词(ding)作宾语, 故填visiting。
68.考查词性转换。空格在名词aid之前, 应填形容词作定语, financial财政的。
69.考查名词复数。本空作主语, 且本句的谓语动词是range, 故主语应是名词复数activities, 且空格位于句首, 首字母应大写。
70.考查非谓语动词。aim t d sth. 力求做某事, 为固定搭配。故本空用不定式t have。
(2021·浙江1月)
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index(体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 56. that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl 57. gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 58. (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared,and a BMI f between 19 and 25 59. (cnsider) healthy.
The study fund that between 1985 and 2017,average rural BMI increased 60. 2.1 in wmen and men.In cities,hwever,the gain 61. (be) 1.3 in wmen and 1.6 in men.The researchers described “striking changes” in the gegraphy f BMI.In 1985,urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries 62. (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.But 30 years later,the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed 63. (sharp).
This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple 64. (live) in the cuntryside,including 65. (lw) levels f incme and educatin,higher csts f healthy fds,and fewer sprts facilities.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。一项研究发现,世界各地的人们体重增加了,这主要是因为乡村居民体重指数升高了。
【答案】56.and 57.that/which 58.persn’s 59.is cnsidered 60.by 61.was 62.studied 63.sharply 64.living 65.lwer
【解析】56.考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用and连接两个并列的宾语从句,作fund的宾语。
57.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是tl,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语,故用that/which。
58.考查名词所有格。空前是a,空后是名词weight,此处表示“一个人的体重”,故用所给词的所有格形式。
59.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表述客观情况,故用一般现在时;主语a BMI表示单数意义,与cnsider之间是被动关系,故用is cnsidered。
60.考查介词。此处表示升高的幅度,故用介词by。
61.考查时态。根据上文中的between 1985 and 2017可知,此处也在描述过去的情况,故用一般过去时。
62.考查非谓语动词。句中已经有谓语动词had,故本空是非谓语动词作后置定语。study与主语men and wmen是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。
63.考查副词。空处修饰动词narrw,故用副词sharply,意为“急剧地,大幅度地”。
64.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作定语修饰peple,live与peple是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作定语。
65.考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的“higher”“fewer”可知,此处也用形容词比较级,故填lwer。
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
Many peple have the hbby f cllecting things,,pstcards r antiques.In the 18th and 19th centuries,36. (wealth) peple travelled and cllected plants,histrical bjects and wrks f art.They kept their cllectin at hme until it gt t big 37. until they died,and then it was given t a museum.The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane,fr example,38. (frm)the cre cllectin f the British Museum 39. pened in 1759.
The parts f a museum pen t the public 40. (call) galleries r rms.Often,nly a small part f a museum’s cllectin 41. (be) n display.Mst f it is stred away r used fr research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lt f visitrs.As well as lking at exhibits,visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins(模拟) and imagine 42. (they) living at a different time in histry r 43. (walk) thrugh a rainfrest.At the Jrvik Centre in Yrk,the city’s Viking settlement is recreated,and peple experience the sights,sunds and smells f the ld twn.Histrical 44. (accurate) is imprtant but s is entertainment.Museums must cmpete 45. peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements.Mst museums als welcme schl grups and arrange special activities fr children.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源、用途以及博物馆当今的新功能。
【答案】36.wealthy 37.r 38.frmed 39.which/that 40.are called 41.is 42.themselves 43.walking 44.accuracy 45.fr
【解析】36.考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语,修饰名词peple。wealthy adj.富裕的。
37.考查并列连词。前后陈述的是两种可能性until it gt t big或until they died,故用r连接。
38.考查动词的时态。根据上文内容以及时间状语in 1759可知,应用一般过去时。
39.考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the British Museum(指物),且从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词which/that。
40.考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,句中缺少谓语,主语the parts与动词call之间为被动关系,且此处陈述一个事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态。
41.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语是a small part,谓语动词用单数;此处说明一个事实,故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
42.考查反身代词。imagine sb.ding sth.想象某人做某事。主语是visitrs,故用反身代词themselves指“他们自己”。
43.考查非谓语动词。连词r连接living和walking。
44.考查词性转换。形容词histrical修饰的名词在句中作主语。
45.考查介词。cmpete 为了……而与……竞争,为固定搭配。
(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)
These days, it is nt unusual fr 10-t 12-year-lds t publish their wn websites r fr secnd and third graders 36 (begin)cmputer classes. At the same time, cmputer games are becming increasingly ppular as majr publishing huses cntinue t develp 37 (educatin)cmputer prgrams fr children in preschl. Als, technlgical knw-hw has becme a 38 (require)fr mst jbs in an increasingly digital wrld, as the cmputer has becme a cmmn tl in mst 39 (prfessin)
The Digital Wrld is a set f vlumes 40 aim t describe hw digital systems influence sciety and help readers understand the nature f digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each vlume in the set explres 41 wide range f material, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, 42 discusses the influences they have n everyday life. Because the number f pssible tpics 43 (be)practically limitless, we fcus n a sample f the mst interesting and useful applicatins and tls and explain the basic principles f technlgy. Readers 44 (encurage)t cntinue explring the digital wrld with the guidance f 45 (we)Further Resurces sectin featured in each vlume.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《数字世界》丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。
【答案】36.t begin 37.educatinal 38.requirement 39.prfessins 40.that/which 41.a 42.and 43.is 44.are encuraged 45.ur
【解析】36.考查非谓语动词。句意为:如今,10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站,二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课,这些都很常见。本题考查“It is + adj. + fr sb. t d sth.”结构,该结构it作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。故填t begin。
37.考查形容词。句意为:与此同时,电脑游戏越来越受欢迎,主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教育电脑程序。修饰名词cmputer prgrams,前用形容词形式。故填educatinal。
38.考查名词。句意为:此外,在日益数字化的世界中,技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件,因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。动词becme后接名词作宾语,根据前面的不定冠词a可知,用名词的单数形式。故填requirement。
39.考查名词的数。句意为:此外,在日益数字化的世界中,技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件,因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词prfessin为可数名词,根据前面的mst修饰可知用复数形式。故填prfessins。
40.考查定语从句。句意为:《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为vlumes,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。
41.考查冠词。句意为:系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料,解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念,并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响。a range f 一套;一系列。wide是以辅音音素发音开头,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
42.考查连词。句意为:系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料,解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念,并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响。前后句为并列关系,所以用连词and。故填and。
43.考查主谓一致。句意为:因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的,所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个示例,并解释技术的基本原理。the number f ……的数目,后接可数名词的复数形式,谓语动词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填is。
44.考查语态。句意为:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与encurage之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填are encuraged。
45.考查代词。句意为:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resurces sectin,前用形容词性物主代词。故填ur。
(2020·全国Ⅰ)
China has becme the first cuntry t land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess — 61 (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. Landing n the mn’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt 63 it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth. The far side f the mn is f particular 64 (interesting) t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters (环形山), mre s 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 68 (cnstruct).” Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin, such as hw 69 ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether 70 (it) plans fr a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家,文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
【答案】61. tuched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. t find 67. means 68. is cnstructed 69. much 70.its
【解析】61. .考查时态。句意为:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填tuched。
62. 考查副词。句意为:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式,故填extremely。
63. 考查定语从句。句意为:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spt,关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。故填where。
64. 考查名词。句意为:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be f interest t sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65. 考查介词。句意为:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级mre s可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。故填than。
66. 考查非谓语动词。句意为:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填t find。
67. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意为:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。
68. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语cnstruct与主语the mn之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the mn是单数,故填is cnstructed。
69. 考查形容词。句意为:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。
70. 考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
(2020·全国Ⅱ)
Decrating with Plants, Fruits and Flwers fr Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring. This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63 (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.
These are sme f the mst ppular in many parts f the cuntry:
Oranges: Orange trees are mre 64 decratin; they are a symbl f gd frtune and wealth. They make great gifs and yu see them many times 65 (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
Bamb: Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffices. 66 (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must. Bamb plants are assciated 67 health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy 68 (care) fr and make great presents.
Branches f Plum Blssms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins. The plum trees are 70 first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化). They represent the prmise f spring and a renewal f life.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。
【答案】61. celebratin 62. carries 63. cming 64. than 65. decrated 66. Certainly 67.with 68. t care 69. beautiful 70.the
【解析】61. 考查名词。句意为:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebratin。
62. 考查主谓一致。句意为:这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句,从句主语为动名词短语decrating with plants, fruits and flwers,所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意为:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与cme back t之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填cming。
64. 考查短语。句意为:桔子树不仅仅是装饰品;mre than不仅仅,不只是。故填than。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意为:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的range trees,与decrate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decrated。
66. 考查副词。句意为:当然在假期期间,这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语,因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构,用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
67. 考查短语。句意为:竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be assciated with与……相联系。故填with。
68. 考查非谓语动词。句意为:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + t d”结构。故填t care。
69. 考查形容词。句意为:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches,用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
70. 考查冠词。句意为:雪还在融化时,梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指,所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
(2020·浙江1月)
Smething significant is happening t the wrld ppulatin-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age f an American in 1950 56 (be)30-tday it is 41 and is expected 57 (increase) t 42 by 2050. Fr Japan, the 58 (number)are mre striking-22 in 1950, 46 tday and 53 in 2050. In 2015, ne in 12 peple arund the wrld were ver 65;by 2050, it will be ne in six.
This aging f the ppulatin is driven 59 tw factrs. The first is declining birthrates, which means ld generatins are large 60 (cmpare)t yunger generatins, and s, n average, the ppulatin becmes 61 (ld)than befre. This is 62 (particular)true in the US. The secnd reasn is that peple are living lnger. A child brn in the US tday has 63 very realistic chance f living beynd 100 and needs t plan accrdingly.
Peple tend t fcus n the first factr. Hwever, greater attentin shuld 64 (place)n lngevity(长寿). It isn’t just that peple are, n average, living lnger. It’s als that they are n average healthier 65 mre prductive fr lnger. Therefre, they can wrk fr lnger, cnsume mre and in general be a bst t the ecnmy.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了世界人口正面临老龄化问题,并分析了其产生的两个原因。
【答案】56. was 57. t increase 58. numbers 59. by 60. cmpared
61. lder 62. particularly 63. a 64. be placed 65. and
【解析】56.考查动词时态。句意为:1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁,今天是41岁,预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时,且主语为The median age f an American,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected t d sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式,故填t increase。
58.考查名词的数。句意为:对日本来说,这个数字更加惊人——1950年是22岁,今天是46岁,2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”,且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式,故填numbers。
59.考查介词。句意为:人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由;被”应用介词by。故填by。
60.考查动词时态语态。句意为:首先是出生率的下降,这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多,因此,平均而言,人口比以前老龄化。短语be cmpared t“与……相比;与某事相提并论”,故填cmpared。
61.考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than befre可知应用形容词比较级,故填lder。
62.考查副词。句意为:在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词,故填particularly。
63.考查冠词。句意为:今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上,因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词,此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,且very为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
64.考查动词时态语态。句意为:然而,更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且shuld后跟动词原形,故填be placed。
65.考查连词。句意为:而且,平均而言,他们更健康,更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and,故填and。
(2020·北京)
Single-use plastic bags are used at mst a few times befre they 4 (thrw) away. It takes them hundreds f years 5 (break) dwn. Many f these bags end up in the cean where larger nes can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dlphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 6 cuntless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat sme f them. Nw, lts f 7 (cuntry) and regins are taking actin t ban the sale f such bags t stp peple using them.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文,介绍了一次性塑料袋的危害,应禁止使用。
【答案】4.are thrwn 5.t break 6.int/t 7.cuntries
【解析】4.考查时态语态。句意为:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实,应该用一般现在时,主语they(Single-use plastic bags )和谓语动词thrw之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrwn。
5.考查动词不定式。句意为:它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ t d sth.(花某人/物多长时间干某事),此处用动词不定式(t d )作真正主语,It形式主语。故填t break。
6.考查介词。句意为:随着时间的推移,这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片,鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。固定搭配fall apart int/t...(分崩离析成……),介词int/t可表“进入……之中/变成……”。故填int/t。
7.考查名词的数。句意为:现在,许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子,以阻止人们使用。lts f修饰可数名词复数,故填cuntries。
(2020·北京)
A piece f stne 8 (find) n a Dutch beach suggests that ur extinct human relatives, knwn as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previusly thught. The Neanderthals 9 (live)alngside human ancestrs in Eurpe fr tens f thusands f years, befre dying ut abut 40, 000 years ag. They were much strnger than mdern humans, but it's lng been assumed that human ancestrs were 10 (smart)than the Neanderthals. Hwever, the stne tl made by Neanderthals suggests therwise.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。
【答案】8.fund 9.lived/had lived/had been living 10.Smarter
【解析】8.考查非谓语动词。句意为:在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明,我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests,设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为fund。
9.考查动词的时态和语态。句意为:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年,直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语,结合句意,此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前,结合时间状语fr tens f thusands f years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态;又因动作发生在过去,强调过去发生的动作,也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。
10.考查形容词的比较级。句意为:但长期以来,人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词,设空处后的than表示比较,应用比较级。故答案为smarter。
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