高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction一课一练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction一课一练，共9页。试卷主要包含了词形变化，补全短语，教材必背佳句，教材金句填空，高考链接&易错题，应用文写作，阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.________ n. 小说;虚构的事→________ adj. 虚构的;编造的;小说(中)的
2.________ adj. 荒谬的;荒唐的→________ n. 荒唐;荒谬 ________ adj. 愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的
3.________ n. 预约;约会;委任→________ vt. 任命;委任;安排,确定(时间、地点)→________ adj. 约定的
4.________ n. 女售货员;女推销员→________ n. 售货员;推销员
5.________ adj. 内疚的;有罪的;有过失的→________ n. 内疚;悔恨;犯罪;罪行→________ adv. 感到内疚地;感到惭愧地
6.________ vt. 悬;挂;暂停;暂缓→________ n. 暂停;终止;暂令停职
7.________ vt. 让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除→________ n. 免职;轻视→________ adj. 轻蔑的;鄙视的→________ adv. 轻蔑地;鄙视地
8.________ vt. 表明;宣称;公布;宣布→________ n. 公告;宣告;宣言→________ n. 声明者;断言者
9.________ vt. 计算;核算;预测→________ n. 计算;估计;预测→________ n. 计算器
10.________ n. 分开;分隔;差异;除(法)→________ v. (使)分开,分散,分割→________ adj. 被分割的;分裂的;有分歧的
11.________ n. 强烈的欲望;冲动 vt. 催促;力劝;大力推荐;驱赶;鞭策→________ n. 紧迫;急事;紧要→________ adj. 紧急的;急切的
12.________ adj. 随机的;不可思议的→________ adv. 随机地;任意地
13.________ adj. 最大极限的 n. 最大量;最大限度→________ vt. 使增加到最大限度→________ n. 最小值;最少量;最低限度
14.________ vi. & vt. 爆炸;爆破→________ n. 爆炸;爆破→________ adj. 易爆炸的;爆炸式的;爆发的
15.________ n. 泥;泥浆→________ adj. 多泥的;泥泞的
16.________ vt. 使震惊;使昏迷→________ adj. 惊呆的→________ adj. 令人震惊的;绝妙的
17.________ n. 手帕;纸巾→________ (pl.)
18.________ adj. 模糊不清的;难以区分的→________ vt. & vi.(使)视线模糊;(使)变得模糊不清
19.________ adj. 更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的→________ n. 优越(性);优势
20.________ n. 无行动;不采取措施→________ n. 行动;行为;作用→________ adj. 无行动的;不活动的;不活跃的
21.________ n. 劳动(者);体力劳动 vi. 奋斗;努力工作→________ adj. 耗时费力的;辛苦的
22.________ n. 夸大;夸张→________ vt. 夸大;夸张;言过其实
23.________ n. 女主席;女董事长;女委员长→________ n. (会议的)主席,主持人;委员长;董事长
二、补全短语
1.________________确切地说
2.________________更像是;更接近
3.________________检验;测试
4.________________进行实验;试用
5.________________ (使)翻身,转身,翻转
6.________________关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是
7.________________有约
8.________________根据;以……的方式(基准)
9.________________每天/每周
10.different ________ 不同的活动场地
11.________________拿高薪水
12.________ randm随机地
13.________________以更快的速度
14.________________以最大速度
15.________________有尊严地
16.a man ________一个正直的人
17.________________去请医生
18.________________有强烈的欲望做某事
19.________________ 被卷入;卷入到
20.step ________向后退
21.________ frward缓慢地前行
22.________________事物的利与弊;支持与反对
23.an added ________意外收获
24.________________比……更好;更胜一筹
25.________________占上风;取而代之;接管;接手
26.________________与……冲突或抵触
27.________________ (逐渐)减少;消失
28.________________不切题
29.________________开始做(别的事);换话题
30.________________曾经
31.________________基于科学
三、教材必背佳句
1.____________________________________________________________________________________她尖叫了一声,一把推开他,然后跑回了自己的房间。
2.________________________. The guests wuld be arriving sn, s Claire ________ (dismiss) Tny fr the rest f the night. 时钟敲响了八点整。客人们很快就要到了,克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。
四、教材金句填空
1.Claire tried t help by wrking n a light ________ (suspend) frm the ceiling, but she ________ (fall) ff the ladder.
2.The night f the party arrived. The clck ________ (strike) eight. The guests wuld be arriving sn, s Claire ________ (dismiss) Tny fr the rest f the night.
3.________ a sudden jlt, the Time Machine was flipped n its side, and I ________ (thrw) thrugh the air.
4.Althugh it was cmpletely inncent, Claire felt ________ (guilt).
5.________ she turned arund, there std Gladys Claffern. ________ awful t be discvered by her, Claire thught.
6.She heard him declare that he did nt want t leave her the next day, and ________ he felt mre than just the desire ________ (please) her. Then the frnt dr bell ________ (ring).
7.________ is hard t explain the strange and unpleasant feeling f time travelling. It felt like I was being driven fast n a ________ (wind) rad.
五、高考链接&易错题
1.Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned ________, and lked at me with a big smile n his face. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable ________ (week) supply f fresh greens. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
3.Sitting n a branch, he ________ (inch) twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive. (2023·浙江高考1月)
4.T frame his stry, Klein creates the character f Ned, a ________ (fictin) witness t the prgress brught abut by the steams and electric revlutins in America during ne man’s lifetime. (2022·浙江高考)
5.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, prud Irene ________ (declare) she had n plans ________ (retire) frm her 36-year-ld business.
6.There was the ludest ________ (explde) f them all and ur huse went dark t. I tried t find every candle we had and ________ (light) them.
7.Liu, a student in a rural schl, ________ the English teaching resurces are limited, has been learning English thrugh a small terminal (终端机) n a daily ________ (base).
8.I felt ashamed fr teasing the inncent child wh fell ver n the ________ (mud) track. Tears ________ (blur) my eyes.
9.Mr. Smith was ________ (dismiss) f the prse cllectin, saying it was full f negative feelings like grief and srrw.
10.Discver why artists and phtgraphers cntinue t ________ (draw) t this special place. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
11.Whether yu paint still lives, prtraits, ________ landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
六、应用文写作
假定你是校英语报主编李华,你发现随着信息技术的发展,高中生阅读纸质媒体的热情在逐步减少,请你写一篇倡议书,呼吁学生重拾对纸质阅读的热情。具体内容如下:1.介绍现状;2.纸媒的重要性;3.提出呼吁。
第一步 斟酌词句 靓化表达(请用本单元所复习的词汇和句式)
1.随着数字革命席卷我们的生活,电子设备的吸引力和线上内容的便利已悄然使纸质媒体失去了魅力。
2.看一眼我们的图书馆,我们会看到书籍如遗忘已久的朋友,积满灰尘。
3.纸质媒体提供的是独特的阅读体验。
4.它有助于更慢、更具反思性的阅读过程,让读者能更彻底地消化信息。
5.它让读者感受纸墨的味道,读者有自由按自己的节奏看书。它让我们从乏味的日常生活中暂时解脱出来,更深入地钻研知识。
6.我敦促大家找回读书的乐趣!我们一起培养超越数码设备的好奇心和终身学习的文化。
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七、阅读理解（广东大湾区一模）
B
As part f its series t prepare students fr the future, Stanfrd University has invited Mike, a 2024 graduate, t share his views. Currently wrking as a develpment analyst at an affrdable husing rganizatin serving cmmunities in Califrnia and Seattle, Mike brings his stry t the table.
Grwing up in affrdable husing with his family, Mike felt the benefits f a stable living envirnment. But he saw ther peple — relatives and friends - wh were cnstantly mving, living in vercrwded apartments, and even being priced ut and having t mve elsewhere. That made him realize husing is an imprtant issue and drve him t be a part f addressing thse challenges that cities face.
Since he started the jb in February, Mike has cperated with lcal gvernments t develp plans t cnstruct and fund new affrdable husing. His wrk invlves understanding cmplex plicies, researching partnerships and analyzing land suitability. “It is really interdisciplinary, as it cnnects plicy, urban design, and scial needs. Pm learning new things every day. Affrdable husing is a way t make cities mre sustainable, nt just ecnmically but als envirnmentally, by shrtening jurneys t wrk r building energy-efficient huses. It mtivates me t knw that this hard wrk will eventually result in peple being hused, which has widespread effects in cmmunities and families,” he ntes.
Frtunately, the great curses taken in university have prepared him fr his rle. Everything frm real estate law t real estate develpment and finance thrugh the civil engineering department. “The curses are prbably the mst relevant t what I am ding nw, helping me understand my wn experience and think abut hw I want t channel that int a career,” he mentins.
Fr students interested in pursuing a similar path, Mike stresses taking prject-based curses is helpful. He als urges students t apply t career-building prgrams due t mre pprtunities fr guidance, wrk experience and netwrking with ther peple wh may be their future clleagues.
24.What primarily inspired Mike t wrk n affrdable husing?
A. His cllege curses. B. His green values. C. His career ambitin. D. His husing experience.
25.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Mike's jb?
A. Demanding but rewarding.B. Rutine but influential.
C. Independent and prfitable.D. Specialized and ec-fcused
26.What des Mike intend t d accrding t the last paragraph?
A. T prmte curses. B. T highlight challenges. C. T stimulate interest. D. T prvide suggestins.
27.Frm which sectin f a magazine is the text prbably taken?
A. Campus Life. B. Career Insights. C. Scial Issues. D. Academic Features.
C
Clrful sngbirds knwn as hneycreepers were nce cmmn in Hawaii. Hwever, these native creatures are nw struggling t survive because f avian malaria, a deadly disease spread by invasive（侵袭的）msquites. Of the mre than 50 species that nce lived thrughut the islands, just 17remain tday.
Nw, scientists have cme up with a clever plan t help the birds. They are using drnes t drp thusands f lab-grwn, nn-biting male msquites engineered t carry a type f bacteria called Wlbachia that acts as msquit birth cntrl. When these special males mate with wild females, the resulting eggs will nt hatch, which shuld reduce the verall msquit ppulatin and give the birds a much-needed break.
Since the “Birds. Nt Msquites” (BNM) prject was started in 2023, ver 40 millin such msquites have been released. Mst f the msquit drps have been made frm helicpters. But recently, scientists began experimenting with eight-ft-lng drnes. A drne can’t carry as many msquites as a helicpter can — just 23,000 cmpared t 250,000 — but it’s safer, because it desn’t require any humans t be n bard. Drnes are als easier t arrange at a mment's ntice, which isa majr benefit in an area with ften unpredictable weather.
The msquites are being drpped inside small capsules. Each capsule cntains rughly 1,000males, which are kept alive inside a temperature-cntrlled transprt bx attached t the drne. Once released, they “fall t the frest flr where they prvide prtectin t the msquites until they’re ready t fly away,” says Adam Knx, a drne pilt invlved in the prject. “The capsules then begin t break dwn nce expsed t wind and rain.” he adds.
This technique, previusly used against human diseases, marks its first wildlife-saving applicatin. With climate change pushing msquites t higher altitudes — the last shelter fr hneycreepers, time is running ut. Several f the remaining hneycreeper species are highly endangered. Sme die after a single bite frm an infected msquit. Thus, curbing the msquit ppulatin with methds like the BNM prject may be the birds' nly chance t survive.
28. What can be learnt abut hneycreepers frm paragraph 1?
A. They spread avian malaria t msquites. B. A msquit-brne disease threatens them.
C. Thirty-three species f them have died ut. D. They are lsing habitats t native creatures.
29. What led t the shift t a new carrier in the prject?
A. Its success in previus similar prjects. B. Its expanded carrying capacity and range.
C. Its superir peratinal safety and flexibility D. Its adaptability t varius weather cnditins.
30. What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. Hw t prtect msquites frm diseases. B. Hw t deliver the lab-grwn msquites.
C Hw t lessen the prject’s impact n nature. D. Hw t cntrl the temperature f cntainers.
31. What des the underlined wrd “curbing” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Wiping ut. B. Keeping track f. C. Cexisting with.D. Keeping under cntrl.
D
Earth’s biggest prblem, accrding t Duglas Adams, is quite simple: the species f clever ape (猿) that thinks it runs the jint is mstly unhappy mst f the time. Cmputer scientist Cal Newprt nw adds email t the list f life’s trubles. In his bk A Wrld Withut Email, he argues this nce-brilliant inventin has made us suffer.
Newprt says we’ve becme slaves t email trapped in a “hyperactive hive mind”— the reality in which everyne, everywhere, can cmmunicate with everyne else with ease. Studies have shwn hw dminant email has becme in rdinary ffice life. The average knwledge wrker sends and receives 126 emails daily, which ruins fcus, making them less prductive and mre irritable(易怒的).
All f this might be bearable but fr ne prblem: the mismatch between mdern electrnic messaging and ur wn infrmatin-prcessing capacity. Multitasking is a myth. We can’t think clearly while dealing with an verflwing inbx. We’re wired t prefer real-time cnversatins, where everyne gets updates tgether. Back in small tribes (部落), we needed daily chats t feel cnnected. Nw, in a digital wrld, that ancient urge makes us anxius if we dn’t reply t every email instantly.
Despite his bk’s title, Newprt isn’t against all electrnic messaging. What drives him t desperatin is hw we use it. With ffice wrkers ndding in hearty agreement, Newprt ffers sme slutins. A German cmpany invented the N Email Day. Prductivity went up, even thugh it shrtened the wrk time. The gal was fr everyne t apprach their wrk mre deliberately withut rushing. Sme cmpanies use an applicatin called Trell t allw wrkers t access the necessary data and decide when t jump in and get things dne.
Handling email when it’s ut f cntrl is like being pecked (啄) by a flck f geese. But changing this wn't be easy. Our need fr fcused thinking cnflicts with the Dpamine Ecnmy — smething designed t keep us unable t resist cnstant messages. Still, Newprt thinks regaining cntrl f ur time might be the key t being happier at wrk.
32. What phenmenn des Newprt pint ut in his bk?
A. Office wrkers fail t handle daily emails. B. Peple can cntact each ther mre easily.
C. Cnvenience f mdern life cmes at a cst D. Email verlad affects efficiency and md.
33. Hw des the authr develp paragraph 3?
A. By giving examples. B. By presenting the histry. C. By analyzing the cause. D. By cmparing preferences.
34. What des Newprt try t illustrate by mentining the practices f sme cmpanies?
A. The imprtance f autnmy at wrk.B. The necessity t cut wrking hurs.
C. The benefit f technlgical advances.D. The need t fllw ecnmic trend.
35. What might be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Message OverflwB. Email SlaveryC Message AddictinD. Email Craze
Unit1 Science Fictin参考答案
一、词形变化
1.fictin n.小说;虚构的事→fictinal adj.虚构的;编造的;小说(中)的
2.absurd adj.荒谬的;荒唐的→absurdity n.荒唐;荒谬 ridiculus adj.愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的
3.appintment n.预约;约会;委任→appint vt.任命;委任;安排,确定(时间、地点)→appinted adj.约定的
4.saleswman n.女售货员;女推销员→salesman n.售货员;推销员
5.guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的→guilt n.内疚;悔恨;犯罪;罪行→guiltily adv.感到内疚地;感到惭愧地
6.suspend vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓→suspensin n.暂停;终止;暂令停职
7.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除→dismissal n.免职;轻视→dismissive adj.轻蔑的;鄙视的→dismissively adv.轻蔑地;鄙视地
8.declare vt.表明;宣称;公布;宣布→declaratin n.公告;宣告;宣言→declarer n.声明者;断言者
9.calculate vt.计算;核算;预测→calculatin n.计算;估计;预测→calculatr n.计算器
10.divisin n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法)→divide v. (使)分开,分散,分割→divided adj.被分割的;分裂的;有分歧的
11.urge n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐;驱赶;鞭策→urgency n.紧迫;急事;紧要→urgent adj.紧急的;急切的
12.randm adj.随机的;不可思议的→randmly adv.随机地;任意地
13.maximum adj.最大极限的 n.最大量;最大限度→maximize vt.使增加到最大限度→minimum n.最小值;最少量;最低限度
14.explde vi. & vt.爆炸;爆破→explsin n.爆炸;爆破→explsive adj.易爆炸的;爆炸式的;爆发的
15.mud n.泥;泥浆→muddy adj.多泥的;泥泞的
16.stun vt.使震惊;使昏迷→stunned adj.惊呆的→stunning adj.令人震惊的;绝妙的
17.handkerchief n.手帕;纸巾→handkerchiefs/handkerchieves (pl.)
18.blurred adj.模糊不清的;难以区分的→blur vt. & vi.(使)视线模糊;(使)变得模糊不清
19.superir adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的→superirity n.优越(性);优势
20.inactin n.无行动;不采取措施→actin n.行动;行为;作用→inactive adj.无行动的;不活动的;不活跃的
21.labur n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗;努力工作→labrius adj.耗时费力的;辛苦的
22.verstatement n.夸大;夸张→verstate vt.夸大;夸张;言过其实
23.chairwman n.女主席;女董事长;女委员长→chairman n. (会议的)主席,主持人;委员长;董事长
二、补全短语
1.r rather确切地说
2.mre like更像是;更接近
3.test ut检验;测试
4.experiment with进行实验;试用
5.turn arund (使)翻身,转身,翻转
6.turn ut关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是
7.have an appintment有约
8.n a ... basis根据;以……的方式(基准)
9.n a daily/weekly basis每天/每周
10.different venues不同的活动场地B组
11.earn a high salary拿高薪水
12.at randm随机地
13.at a faster pace以更快的速度
14.at maximum speed以最大速度
15.with dignity有尊严地
16.a man f integrity一个正直的人
17.fetch a dctr去请医生
18.have an urge t d sth.有强烈的欲望做某事
19.get caught up被卷入;卷入到
20.step backwards向后退
21.inch frward缓慢地前行
22.prs and cns事物的利与弊;支持与反对C组
23.an added bnus意外收获
24.superir t比……更好;更胜一筹
25.take ver占上风;取而代之;接管;接手
26.cnflict with与……冲突或抵触
27.fall away (逐渐)减少;消失
28.beside the pint不切题
29.mve n t开始做(别的事);换话题
30.at ne time r anther曾经
31.be grunded in science基于科学
三、教材必背佳句
1.She screamed, pushed him away, and ran t her rm. 她尖叫了一声,一把推开他,然后跑回了自己的房间。
2.The clck struck eight. The guests wuld be arriving sn, s Claire dismissed (dismiss) Tny fr the rest f the night. 时钟敲响了八点整。客人们很快就要到了,克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。
四、教材金句填空
1.Claire tried t help by wrking n a light suspended (suspend) frm the ceiling, but she fell (fall) ff the ladder.
2.The night f the party arrived. The clck struck (strike) eight. The guests wuld be arriving sn, s Claire dismissed (dismiss) Tny fr the rest f the night.
3.With a sudden jlt, the Time Machine was flipped n its side, and I was thrwn (thrw) thrugh the air.
4.Althugh it was cmpletely inncent, Claire felt guilty (guilt).
5.As she turned arund, there std Gladys Claffern. Hw awful t be discvered by her, Claire thught.
6.She heard him declare that he did nt want t leave her the next day, and that he felt mre than just the desire t please (please) her. Then the frnt dr bell rang (ring).
7.It is hard t explain the strange and unpleasant feeling f time travelling. It felt like I was being driven fast n a winding (wind) rad.
五、高考链接&易错题
1.arund2.weekly3.inched4.fictinal 5.declared; t retire
6.explsin; lit7.where; basis8.muddy; blurred9.dismissive10.be drawn11.r
六、应用文写作
Embracing the Magic f Print Media
As the digital revlutin sweeps thrugh ur lives, the appeal f screens and the cnvenience f nline cntent have quietly caused print media t lse its charm. Peeking int ur library, we’ll see bks gathering dust, like lng-frgtten friends.
Hwever, what print media ffers turns ut a unique reading experience. It encurages a slwer and mre reflective reading prcess, allwing readers t digest infrmatin mre thrughly. Mrever, it gives readers the feel f the pages, the ink smell, and the freedm t flip thrugh pages at ur wn pace, which is an escape frm the bredm f ur everyday life and a deeper dive int knwledge.
Thus, I urge everyne t bring back the jy f turning pages! Tgether, we can fster a culture f curisity and lifelng learning superir t digital screens.
七、阅读理解
B
本文是一篇人物专访，讲述了斯坦福大学毕业生迈克如何将自身在保障性住房中的成长经历，转化为投身该领域事业的职业驱动力。文章核心主题是：个人真实的生活经历是职业选择最本源的动力；复杂且有社会价值的工作本身能带来挑战与深层的成就感；大学教育提供了关键的实用技能准备；而分享切实可行的建议，则是职业传承的重要部分。
24 D细节理解题。文章第二段明确指出，Mike 成长于保障性住房中，但他目睹了亲友因住房问题而频繁搬迁、居住拥挤甚至被迫迁离的经历。这直接让他意识到住房问题的重要性，并驱使他投身于解决城市面临的此类挑战。因此，他的个人住房经历是主要动力。选项A (他的大学课程)：课程是其胜任工作的准备和工具（第四段），属于“如何实现”的层面，而非“为何开始”的灵感源头。属于因果倒置。选项B (他的环保价值观)：文中提到的环保效益（如节能建筑）是他在工作中认识到的保障性住房的附加价值和深层意义，并非其最初的、主要的灵感。属于次要信息干扰。选项C (他的职业抱负)：表述过于宽泛抽象。文章强调的是由具体、鲜活经历所催生的解决特定社会问题的使命感，而非一个笼统的“抱负”。属于概念泛化。
25 A推理判断题。Demanding（要求高）：根据第三段内容“His wrk invlves understanding cmplex ’m learning new things every day.”可知，他的工作需要理解复杂政策、研究合作伙伴关系、分析土地适宜性，且具有跨学科性质（涉及政策、城市设计、社会需求），每天都需要学习新东西，说明工作挑战大、要求高。Rewarding（有回报）：根据第三段内容“It mtivates me t cmmunities and families”可知，这项工作最终能让人们获得住房，对社区和家庭产生广泛影响，这让他充满动力。因此工作虽然 demanding，但意义深远、回报感强。选项B (常规但有影响力)：“常规 (Rutine)”与文中描述的“每天学习新东西”、“跨学科”的动态性与复杂性完全矛盾。属于关键词曲解。选项C (独立且利润丰厚)：文中强调“与政府合作”、“研究伙伴关系”，暗示协作性，而非“独立”；全文聚焦社会效益，未提及个人或机构的“利润”。属于无中生有。选项D (专业且聚焦生态)：“专业”描述片面，未涵盖“跨学科”核心特点；“聚焦生态”只是其工作带来的环境效益之一，远不能概括其涉及政策、设计、社会需求的多元内涵。属于以偏概全。
26题
【答案】答案D
【分析】推理判断题。最后一段中，Mike 针对有兴趣从事类似职业的学生提出了两条明确建议：一是选修项目制课程（prject-based curses），二是申请职业发展项目（career-building prgrams）。因此，他的意图是提供具体建议。选项A (推广课程)：提及课程是作为建议的一部分，其核心意图是给出全面的职业发展建议，而非单纯推广特定课程。属于目的偏差。选项B (强调挑战)：最后一段内容积极务实，聚焦于“如何做”，并未强调工作中的困难或挑战。属于无中生有。选项C (激发兴趣)：他的整个故事可能起到激发兴趣的作用，但最后一段的对话对象是“已经感兴趣的学生”，其意图非常具体，是提供“下一步该怎么做”的行动建议，而非泛泛地激发兴趣。属于对象与意图错位。
27 B推理判断题。全文以校友 Mike 的职业故事为主线，分享了他的职业动机、工作内容、所需技能以及给学生的职业建议，属于典型的职业经验分享或职业见解类文章。选项A (校园生活)：文章虽提及大学课程，但主要场景和视角已完全转向职场，核心是职业生涯的构建与实践，而非校园内的学习与生活。属于场景局限。选项C (社会问题)：保障性住房本身是社会议题，但文章的切入点和主体是个人如何围绕该议题构建和展开自己的职业生涯，是对一个职业路径的个案剖析，而非对社会问题的全面探讨或评论。属于主题重心偏差。选项D (学术特色)：文章未深入讨论任何学术理论、研究方法或学科前沿，课程仅作为职业准备的实用工具被提及，不具备“学术特色”栏目的深度和焦点。属于体裁不符。
C
本文是一篇科技报道，介绍了夏威夷为拯救濒危的蜜旋木雀而实施的创新性保护项目。文章核心主题是：面对因气候变化和入侵蚊媒疾病而濒临灭绝的蜜旋木雀，科学家采用了基于沃尔巴克氏菌的生物防控技术，并通过从直升机转向无人机这一运载工具的革新，提升了项目执行的安全性与灵活性，以争分夺秒地为这些鸟类争取最后的生存机会。
28 B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“these native creatures are nw struggling t survive because f avian malaria, a deadly disease spread by invasive (侵袭的) msquites”可知，hneycreepers生存受到威胁是因为一种名叫“avian malaria”的致命疾病，该疾病由入侵的蚊子传播。故答案为B。选项A (它们将禽类疟疾传播给蚊子)：与原文信息完全相反。文中明确指出疾病是由蚊子传播给鸟类的（spread by invasive msquites）。属于关系颠倒。选项C (已有33个物种灭绝)：原文说“超过50个物种中仅存17个”，这意味着超过33个物种已灭绝，但“33个”是确切数字，而原文是“超过50”与“17”的模糊对比，且“died ut”与“remain”的状态描述有细微差异。属于数据过度精确化/偷换概念。选项D (它们正将栖息地输给本地生物)：文中未提及与其他“本地生物”的栖息地竞争。威胁源是“入侵的”蚊子，而非其他本地生物。属于无中生有。
29 C推理判断题。根据第三段“Mst f the msquit drps have been made frm helicpters. But recently, scientists began experimenting with eight-ft-lng drnes.”可知，题干中的“the shift t a new carrier in the prject”指的是从直升机转为无人机。根据“A drne can’t carry as many msquites as a helicpter can – just 23,000 cmpared t 250,000 – but it’s safer, because it desn’t require any humans t be n bard.”可知，虽然无人机的载量不如直升机，但无人机因为不需要人在机上而更安全，体现安全性。根据“Drnes are als easier t arrange at a mment’s ntice, which is a majr benefit in an area with ften unpredictable weather.”可知无人机比较容易在短时间内迅速部署，这在天气变化无常的地区是一个显著优势，体现灵活性。故答案为C。选项A (在先前类似项目中的成功)：文章最后一段仅提及该技术“曾用于对抗人类疾病”，并未说明无人机投放方式在之前的项目中已取得成功。属于无中生有。选项B (其提升的运载能力和范围)：与原文事实相反。原文明确说明无人机“无法像直升机那样携带那么多蚊子（can’t carry as many msquites as a helicpter）”。属于反向干扰。选项D (其对各种天气条件的适应性)：原文仅提到无人机易于“在天气难以预测的地区”快速安排调度，这指的是应对天气变化的操作灵活性，而非无人机本身能适应所有恶劣天气。属于概念夸大。
30 B段落大意题。第四段第一句介绍实验室培育的蚊子被放置在胶囊内。第二句介绍胶囊的容量和功能。第三句和第四句介绍胶囊被从无人机释放以后的一系列变化和作用。因此，本段介绍如何通过胶囊释放实验室培育的蚊子。故答案为B。选项A (如何保护蚊子免于疾病)：段落关注的是在运输和投放过程中保护蚊子（免受物理损伤或温度不适），使其能存活并执行任务，而非保护其免于“疾病”。属于偷换概念。选项C (如何减轻项目对自然的影响)：胶囊可降解的设计客观上减少了对环境的影响，但这只是该投放方法的一个附带优点，并非段落主要说明的核心内容。段落核心是“投放方法”。属于次要信息干扰。选项D (如何控制容器的温度)：控制运输箱温度是投放过程中的一个具体步骤和保障条件，是为“有效投放蚊子”这一主要目的服务的，不能概括整段主旨。属于以偏概全。
31 D词义猜测题。根据文章最后一句“curbing the msquit ppulatin”可知划线词与“蚊子数量”是动宾关系；根据后文“with methds like the BNM prject”的例子提示，结合本文的主题“通过实验室培育的蚊子，控制带病蚊子的数量，从而帮助首段提到的鸟类生存”，可知划线词的含义是“控制”，故答案为D。选项A (消灭)：程度过重。BNM项目是生育控制，旨在减少数量，并未声称或旨在实现“彻底消灭”。且从生态学角度看，完全根除一个物种通常并非此类项目的目的。属于程度过度。选项B (追踪)：与项目采取的直接“干预”措施不符。文章未提及对蚊子进行监测或追踪。属于行动偏差。选项C (与...共存)：与文章意图完全相反。整个项目就是为了减少蚊子对鸟类的威胁，其目标不是“共存”，而是通过控制蚊子来保护鸟类。属于反向干扰。
D
本文属于“人与社会”主题语境下的“科技与生活”子语境，聚焦现代信息技术（邮件）对职场人群工作状态、情绪及生活质量的影响，探讨科技便利背后的代价与应对策略，引导读者思考科技与人类需求的平衡关系。文章围绕计算机科学家Cal Newprt的著作《无邮件世界》展开，核心观点是：曾经极具价值的邮件已成为人们的负担，让人类沦为“邮件奴隶”。文章先引出Newprt对邮件负面影响的观点，接着通过数据说明邮件在办公场景的主导地位及危害，随后分析邮件问题的根源，再介绍Newprt认可的企业解决案例，最后指出改变现状的难度与核心意义。
32 D细节理解题。本题考查考生理解具体信息的能力。题目问Newprt在书中指出了什么现象，短文第二段明确提出Newprt认为邮件让人们沦为奴隶，且通过具体数据说明其危害——“普通知识工作者日均收发126封邮件，这会破坏专注力，导致工作效率降低、情绪更易怒”。选项A“办公室职员无法处理日常邮件”错误，原文未提及“无法处理”，仅强调邮件对状态的负面影响；选项B“人们联系更便捷”是邮件的客观特点，并非Newprt想要强调的“问题现象”；选项C“现代生活的便利是有代价的”表述过于笼统，未精准定位“邮件过载”这一核心具体现象；只有选项D“邮件过载影响效率和情绪”与第二段关键信息完全对应，为正确答案。
33 C篇章结构题。本题考查考生分析段落写作手法的能力。题目问第三段的展开方式，该段以“现代电子信息与人类信息处理能力不匹配”为核心论点，随后层层剖析原因：首先指出“多任务处理是误区，我们在处理爆满的收件箱时无法清晰思考”，解释了能力不匹配的直接影响；再结合人类原始需求（原始部落时期需日常交流获得联结感），分析了“即时回复邮件焦虑”的深层根源。整个段落围绕“邮件问题产生的原因”展开，逻辑为“提出核心矛盾—分析直接原因—剖析深层根源”。选项A“举例子”错误，本段无具体案例支撑；选项B“呈现历史”错误，“原始部落”的内容是辅助分析根源的背景，并非核心写作手法；选项D“对比偏好”错误，“实时交流偏好”是分析原因的一个环节，并非主要展开方式；只有选项C“分析原因”符合段落逻辑，为正确答案。
34 A推理判断题。本题考查考生理解细节、推断逻辑意图的能力。题目问Newprt提到部分公司的做法是为了说明什么，短文第四段明确Newprt并非反对所有电子信息，而是反对当前的使用方式，随后列举两个企业案例：德国公司的“无邮件日”让员工“更从容地处理工作，而非匆忙赶工”；Trell应用让员工“自主获取必要数据，决定何时参与工作、完成任务”。两个案例的核心共性是赋予员工工作自主性，进而提升工作质量与效率。选项B“缩短工作时间的必要性”错误，“无邮件日”虽缩短了工作时间，但这是手段而非目的，核心是提升工作专注度；选项C“技术进步的好处”错误，Trell应用只是工具载体，重点是通过工具实现自主工作，而非强调技术本身的优势；选项D“追随经济趋势的必要性”错误，原文提及的“多巴胺经济”是负面表述，且与企业案例无关联；只有选项A“工作自主性的重要性”精准契合案例核心意图，为正确答案。
35 B主旨要义题。本题考查归纳文章主旨的能力。题目要求选择合适的标题，全文围绕Newprt的核心观点“邮件让人类沦为奴隶”展开，从现象（邮件过载的危害）、原因（能力不匹配）、解决方案（企业自主工作案例）到意义（掌控时间提升幸福感），均紧扣“邮件对人类的束缚”这一核心。选项A“信息过载”错误，范围过于宽泛，且停留在现象表层，未体现其影响；选项C“信息成瘾”错误，原文未强调“成瘾”的主观依赖，而是“被迫被邮件困扰”的客观束缚；选项D“邮件狂热”错误，“狂热”侧重主观上的痴迷与追捧，与原文“邮件成为负担、人类被动应对”的基调不符；只有选项B“邮件奴隶”直接对应第二段核心句“we’ve becme slaves t email”，精准概括全文主旨，为正确答案。