专题09 形容词、副词考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）练习+答案

这是一份专题09 形容词、副词考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）练习+答案，文件包含专题09形容词副词考点归纳原卷版docx、专题09形容词副词考点归纳解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共23页， 欢迎下载使用。
考情分析
考点1 形容词的用法和构词法
一、形容词的用法
形容词是用来修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。其功能和位置如下：
1.作定语修饰名词（单个形容词前置）
例1They help children learn in a wnderful and （use）way.
【答案】useful
2.作定语修饰名词（形容词或形容词短语后置）
·Like bees,flwer flies eat pllen and nectar.This makes them easy t find in a garden full f flwers.像蜜蜂一样，花蝇吃花粉和花蜜。这使得它们很容易在长满鲜花的花园里被找到。
3.作定语修饰复合不定代词（形容词后置）
例2跨专题考点I advise yu nt t shw n Wechat because it may cause truble.
A.anything persnalB.persnal anything
C.smething persnalD.persnal smething
【答案】A
4.作表语（置于系动词后，构成系表结构）
例3If I didn't read,I wuld feel like smething was m and I culdn't find it.
【答案】issing
5.作宾语补足语
位于宾语之后，置于keep、make、leave等动词构成的结构中,说明宾语的性质、状态和特征。
跨专题考点链接形容词作宾语补足语与比较级
例4What makes life （value）than any ther thing in the wrld is that it desn't last frever.
【答案】mre valuable
二、形容词的构词法
1．动词→形容词
[答案] （-ed/-ing）relaxed； relaxing； interested； interesting； excited； exciting； disappinted； disappinting； wrried； wrrying； amazed； amazing（-ive）active； creative（-able） enjyable； cmfrtable； valuable； changeable（a-） alive； asleep； awake（其他） dead； dependent
2．名词→形容词
[答案] （-y）lucky； healthy； sleepy； sunny； funny； nisy
（-ful） successful； helpful； harmful； wnderful； careful
（-al） persnal； natinal； natural； cultural（-less） helpless； endless； meaningless； hpeless； useless（-ly） friendly； lvely； daily
（-us）dangerus； humrus（-ern）suthern； nrthern； eastern； western（-ese） Chinese； Japanese（-en） wden； glden（其他） scientific； dead； flish； pleasant
3．形容词的否定前缀
[答案] （un-）unusual； unlucky； uncmfrtable； unbelievable
（im-/in-） implite； independent
随堂训练
1．The subway is always______（crwd）during rush hurs in big cities,filled with peple hurrying t wrk r schl.
[答案]crwded
2．My grandmther lks very______（health）because she walks fr an hur every day.
[答案]healthy
3．In Australia and sme________（Eurpe）cuntries,ffenders als get pints n their driving licenses.
[答案]Eurpean
4．“I can't believe it,”Rbert said.“My wn uncle wuldn't d that.It's______（pssible）.”
[答案]impssible
5．Spending hurs n electrnic devices（设备）every day is______（harm）t teenagers'eyesight and may als affect their sleep quality and study efficiency（效率）.
[答案]harmful
6．Teenagers will feel____________（cmfrtable）and even get angry if smene reads their diaries.
[答案]uncmfrtable
7．Usually,it takes abut ne r tw years t build a huse in the__________（traditin）way.
[答案]traditinal
8．Hlidays are nt necessarily fr fun r rest.Ding smething________（meaning）can als get special pleasure.
[答案]meaningful
考点2 副词的分类、用法和构词法
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词，表示方式、时间、地点、程度等概念。
一、副词的分类
二、副词的用法
1.作修饰性的状语（修饰动词或动词短语、形容词或介词短语）
例5Sme peple dn't like the fruit （simple）because f smell.
【答案】simply
例6[2025无锡一模]The idea f giving students enugh time t sleep is （wide）accepted.
【答案】widely
2.作连接状语（在句子之间起连接作用）
例7—Ww,HUAWEI's tri-fld（三折叠）Phne!What a big surprise!
—Read the instructins carefully. ,yu may miss many useful functins（功能）.
A.MreverB.OtherwiseC.HweverD.Instead
【答案】B
3.作句子状语（修饰整个句子）
例8—The by gt lst in the muntain fr nearly a week.
—Oh, （lucky）,he was fund in a cave finally.
【答案】luckily三、副词的构词法
大部分方式副词可由相应的形容词加上后缀-ly构成，但也有特殊的变化形式。
注：更多例词见《词句默背册》
[答案]greatly； quickly； quietly； plitely； happily； heavily； angrily； healthily； simply； truly； terribly； pssibly
拓展
有些词以-ly结尾，却为形容词，如lvely、lively、friendly、lnely、silly等；有些词以-ly结尾，兼有形容词和副词两种词性，如early、likely、daily等。
随堂训练
1．Hw d yu write a letter?________（general）speaking,a letter includes three parts.
[答案]Generally
2．The yung man didn't knw what he shuld d.______（lucky）,a hiker saw him and helped him walk ut f the park.
[答案]Luckily
3．—Many students in ur class like James because he never gets angry______（easy）.
—I agree with yu.He is very patient.
[答案]easily
4．The beach is beautiful all thrugh the year.I______（usual）drive there.
[答案]usually
5．The car is ld,but it still runs very____（gd）.
[答案]well
考点3 形容词和副词的比较等级
一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成
1.规则变化
2.不规则变化
二、形容词和副词的比较等级的常用结构
1.原级的常用结构
拓展 原级的修饰语
表示程度的副词（quite、very、t、s、enugh等）只能修饰形容词和副词原级。
例：①He is very tall. ②She is ld enugh t drive.
2.比较级的常用结构
拓展 比较级的修饰语
much、a lt、even、far、a little、a bit等可修饰比较级，放在比较级前面，表程度。
例：①It's a bit clder tday than yesterday. ②She is much better tday.
易错提示 mre只能用于构成比较级,不可用于修饰比较级。
3.最高级的常用结构
易错提示 形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the,但其前面有形容词性物主代词（my/his/...）或名词所有格（Lily's/China's/...）时不加the；副词最高级前的the可省略。
随堂训练
1．Nwadays electric cars give us a much （smth）ride than earlier nes.
[答案]smther
2．We students nw use （few）thrwaway prducts than befre.
[答案]fewer
3．He gave me the （gd）travel advice I had ever received:“Be like a student n yur way arund the wrld.”
[答案]best
4．Smiles and a helping hand can always make peple （clse）than a language can.
[答案]clser
5．Nw,peple spend （little）time utdrs than befre.
[答案]less
6．I thught it was the （nice）cake I had ever eaten.We sang,danced and talked and it was really a great time.
[答案]nicest
7．Cllins-Green hpes that his wrks can help （many）Western peple knw China than befre.
[答案]mre
8．The Yangtze River is ne f the （lng）rivers in the wrld.
[答案]lngest
9．After a night's rain,the muntains are much greener and the air is much （fresh）.
[答案]fresher
10．In Spanish,yu have t change the verbs（动词）fr each persn.But my （big）prblem f all is the prnunciatin.
[答案]biggest
11．Everyne in class was （excited）than ever befre.
[答案]mre excited
12．The （hard）yu practise,the greater prgress yu will make.
[答案]harder
13．—What will the future be like?
—Cities will be （beautiful）.And there will be mre trees.
[答案]mre beautiful
14．Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the （strng）in their fd chain.
[答案]strngest
16．—Our class did well in the schl singing cmpetitin.
—Yes,yu sang （beautifully）f all.
[答案]mst beautifully
17．I had been expecting the chance t fly int space fr twenty-five years.It was the （happy）mment f my life t knw that I culd be in the missin.
[答案]happiest
18．Amng the three actrs,Mr.Black is always the （humrus）.
[答案]mst humrus
综合训练
一．填空题
1.Every time they wrked,I always watched them （careful）.
【答案】carefully
2.I was （surprise）after hearing what he said.
【答案】surprised
3.When I was still little,my whle family wuld get tgether n different （traditin）festivals t have dinner.
【答案】traditinal
[解析]考查形容词的构词法。设空处修饰名词festivals，应用形容词。故填traditinal。
4.One day,when he was n his way t schl,he saw a （hme）cat sitting in a bx.
【答案】hmeless
5.I felt free, （dependent）and cmpletely in cntrl f my life there until I knew I had bacterial meningitis（细菌性脑膜炎）.
【答案】independent
6.The Sahara Desert is ne f the （ht）places n Earth,with temperatures smetimes exceeding 50 degrees Celsius in summer.
【答案】httest
7.Tday Ba is still cnsidered as ne f the （great）fficials in histry and is lved by Chinese peple.
【答案】greatest
[解析]考查形容词最高级。“ne f the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为常用结构，表示“最……的……之一”。故填greatest。
8.In central Xi'an there is the Bell Twer—the （large）bell twer remaining in China.
【答案】largest
9.China's BeiDu system has develped （quick）and it plays an imprtant rle in many fields.
【答案】quickly
10.We usually shake hands （plite）when meeting each ther fr the first time.
【答案】plitely
11.She was brn in 1986 within the walls f anther tulu in Yngding.“Of all the dangers,that f the tulu nt being in use is the （great）ne,”Lin said.
【答案】greatest
12.Yu will （certain）succeed if yu try,since hard wrk always pays ff.
【答案】certainly
13.The internatinal influence f Yangzhu is getting than befre.（strng）
【答案】strnger
14.Awful weather means spending mre time indrs playing games,drawing r ding DIY.The situatin will becme even （bad）when a friend drps by.
【答案】wrse
15.They stp cmmunicating with ther peple because they are nly （interest）in studying.
【答案】interested
16.The charming spring views f the Gusu City will surely make yu feel （amaze）.
【答案】amazed
17.The （wise）yu spend yur pcket mney,the happier yu will be.
【答案】mre wisely
18.Peple's need fr firewrks cntinues t rise （rapid）.They want the prducts which are （safe）,mre creative and f higher quality.
【答案】rapidly；safer
19.When cultures meet,nt just their language r clthing may be different.Often their fd will be （great）different t.
【答案】greatly
20.Sugar cane（甘蔗）was first used t prduce a kind f sweet juice ver 8,000 years ag n the island f New Guinea.Its use sn spread acrss Suth East Asia and then t the （wide）wrld.
【答案】wider
21.Su Shi,knwn as Su Dngp,was a famus Chinese writer,pet and painter.When he was yung,he read a lt f bks and wrte many gd articles.Peple thught （high）f him.
【答案】highly
22.Gently and （care）,my grandfather put his pen in my hands.Tears filled my eyes.At that mment I decided t be a writer,t.
【答案】carefully
23.We can't thrw used batteries away. ,they shuld be cllected fr special treatment.
【答案】Instead
二．从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其正确形式填空（每个词只能用一次）
1.Susan likes____days.She can make a snwman.
2.The past can never be changed and it is t wrry abut the future.Why nt enjy the present?
3.I'm srry t hear that yu are nt with ur prduct.
4.Jack's dg ran ut after he pened the dr.
【答案】
三．阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
Take lightning strms 1 （认真地）. If yu're at the utdrs, it is imprtant t knw hw t keep away frm lightning. When thunder rars, g indrs. 2 （迅速地） g int a rm such as a shpping center r an ffice.
Are yu in an pen area？Make sure that yu're nt at the 3 （最高的） pint, especially when yu're in an pen area. Getting 4 （低） t the grund can reduce yur chances f being hit.
Are yu in a car？If yu're in yur car during a lightning strm, keep yur windws 5 （关闭的） and keep an eye ut. Stp the car when yu can't see the rad.
【答案】1．seriusly2．Quickly3．highest4．lw5．clsed
[解析]3．考查形容词最高级。由汉语提示及空前定冠词the可知,此处应该用最高级形式,故填highest。
4．考查形容词。这里表示降低身体高度,getting后面跟形容词,故填lw。
5．考查形容词。空处是yur windws的补语,结合汉语提示可知填clsed。
四.阅读下面短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Ladies and gentlemen, we were very 1 （please） with the pht cmpetitin. Cmpared with ther years, mre phts were handed in. These winners are all chsen 2 （wise）. There are fur prizes, s read n t find ut wh the winners are.
The persn wh wn the prize fr the “Mst Beautiful Nature” phtgraphy is fifteen-year-ld Li Wei. Li tk phts f the muntains in Xiangshan Park. It seems that we can still feel warm when watching the
3 （beauty） sunshine frm his phts.
The pht we liked best in the “Histric China” grup was taken by Zha Min. Zha is nly 12 years ld. Her pht shws Tian'anmen Square, the 4 （large） public square in the wrld. It's 500 metres wide at the 5 （nrth） end. Her pht shws the size and beauty f the square, which seldm appears in ther phts.
The best pht in the “Music” categry was taken by He Zhng wh is furteen years ld. His pht shws the singer, Becky Wang. Becky is 6 （great） than any ther her in his heart. He is the very musician that dares t express the sunds f his great new band which are nt allwed in his time. He feels really 7 （pride） f his wnderful phts.
A cllectin f phts called the “Many Faces f Beijing” wn the prize fr the “Mst Unusual” categry. Three pupils at the same schl wrked n this entry. It 8 （successful） shws Beijing's rich culture and the phtgraphers wnder if anyne likes it.
Cngratulatins t ur winners and thanks t everyne wh has entered the cmpetitin!
【答案】1．pleased2．wisely3．beautiful4．largest5．nrth/nrthern6．greater7．prud8．successfully
[解析]1．考查形容词构词法及固定搭配。固定搭配be pleased with sth. 表示“对……感到满意”。故填pleased。
4．考查形容词最高级。in the wrld表示范围，结合空前的the可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。
6．考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用比较级形式。故填greater。
7．考查形容词构词法。此处是主系表结构，空处应填形容词，be prud f...“为……而骄傲”。故填prud。
五．短文填空综合练
A
Last Saturday, my friends and I decided t have a picnic by the river. We were all 1 （excite）.
We started preparing early in the mrning. I filled several bttles with cld water and juice t keep us frm getting 2 （thirst） during the day. By nn, we met at the park gate and walked t the riverside tgether.
When we arrived, we put ut sandwiches, fruits, and ckies. Just as we wanted t enjy ur fd, an ld man walked by. We greeted him 3 （plite）, and he smiled and wished us a 4 （lve） day. As we ate, we chatted and laughed. We talked abut schl, hbbies, and funny stries. We neither cmplained abut ur hmewrk nr discussed any 5 （bre） things. We just wanted t enjy the mment.
On the way hme, we all agreed that this picnic was truly wrth it. I believe it will becme ne f the
6 （happy） memries fr us.
【答案】1．excited2．thirsty3．plitely4．lvely5．bring6．happiest
[解析]5．考查形容词构词法。空处修饰things，应用-ing结尾的形容词。故填bring。
6．考查形容词最高级。“ne f+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，表“最……的……之一”，此处需用最高级形式，故填happiest。
B
It's seven 'clck. My family are ding 1 （differ） things. My brther is learning English 2 （careful）, and he likes English. He des 3 （gd） in the English test than befre. My father is a dentist, and he is the 4 （busy） persn in ur family n weekdays, s he nly stays at hme n weekends. Nw he is cking fr us. The rm is filled with the delicius smell f my father's cking. I can't wait t taste the fd. My mm is helping me with my English 5 （patient）. She ften helps me with my English because she thinks it's 6 use） t learn English well. And it's her best friend's birthday tday. S she will 7 （happy） g t her friend's birthday party this evening.
【答案】1．different2．carefully3．better4．busiest5．patiently6．useful7．happily
[解析]4．考查形容词最高级。空后的“in ur family”为比较范围，空前有定冠词the，空处需用形容词最高级。故填busiest。
6．考查形容词的构词法。“it's +adj.+ t d sth.”为固定句型，空处应用形容词，表示“有用的”。故填useful。
考点
考向
形容词和副词的辨析
词义辨析
形容词和副词的比较等级
①原级：“as+adj./adv.+as”和“nt+s/as+adj./adv.+as”结构
②比较级（规则变化和不规则变化）：“比较级+than”“the+比较级，the+比较级”“比较级+and+比较级”等结构
③最高级（规则变化和不规则变化）：“最高级（+...）+in/f/amng...”“ne f the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”等结构
形容词的用法和构词法
①作定语修饰名词，修饰复合不定代词时后置；作表语，位于系动词后
②名词→形容词；动词→形容词；形容词的否定前缀
副词的分类、用法和构词法
①方式副词、频度副词、时间副词、地点副词、程度副词和疑问副词/词组
②副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和句子
③形容词→副词
功能
位置
示例
作定语
一般位于名词前，起描述、修饰的作用，即“adj.+n.”
The nice girl is my sister.
修饰复合不定代词时，通常后置，即“smething/anything/nbdy/everyne/nthing/...+adj.”
One day at schl, smething strange caught Ann's attentin.
作表语
位于系动词后，即“be/feel/becme/keep/...+adj.”
Dn't be afraid.
Yu will feel sleepy if yu stay up late.
作宾语补足语
常置于keep、make、think等动词之后作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征
Yu must keep yur eyes clsed.
后/前缀
例词
-ed/-ing（-ed形容词修饰人，表示“感到……的”；
-ing形容词修饰事物，表示“令人……的”）
relax— / , interest— / ,
excite— / , disappint— / ,
wrry— / , amaze— /
-ive
act—______,create—________
-able
enjy—________,cmfrt—_________,value—________,change—________
a-
live—____,sleep—______,wake—____
其他
die—____,depend—________
后缀
例词
-y
luck—____,health—______,sleep—______,sun—____,fun—____,nise—____
-ful
success—________,help—______,harm—______,wnder—________,care—______
-al
persn—________,natin—________,nature—______,culture—________
-less
help—________,end—______,meaning—__________,hpe—________,use—______
-ly
friend—________,lve—______,day—____
-us
danger—________,humr—________
-ern
suth—________,nrth—________,east—______,west—______
-ese
China—______,Japan—________
-en
wd—______,gld—______
其他
science—________,death—____,fl—______,pleasure—________
前缀
例词
un-
usual—______,lucky—______,cmfrtable—____________,
believable—____________
im-/in-
plite—________,dependent—__________
分类
用法
例词
方式副词
表示方式（大多数由“形容词+-ly”构成，少数与形容词同形）
slwly, plitely, carefully, quietly, fast, hard
频度副词
表示动作的频率
smetimes, ften, usually, always, seldm, never
时间副词
表示动作发生的时间，是句子时态的重要标志
nw, tday, tmrrw, yesterday, befre, already, yet
地点副词
表示动作发生的地点或位置关系
here, there, hme, away, utside, anywhere, everywhere, nwhere
程度副词
多数修饰形容词和副词，少数修饰动词和介词短语
quite, s, much, t, even, very
疑问副词/词组
用于构成特殊疑问句
when, where, why, hw, hw lng（多长;多久）, hw ften（多长时间一次）, hw far（多远）, hw sn （多长时间；多久）
功能
位置
示例
修饰形容词或其他副词
一般位于被修饰词前，即“adv.+adj./adv.”
Our family bught a new smart TV set last week. It is really cl!
修饰动词
一般位于动词之后，动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后，即“v.（+n.） + adv.”
注意：频度副词通常放在实义动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后
He is writing his letter carefully.
Peple usually give gifts t smene they lve r care abut.
修饰整个句子
一般位于句首
Suddenly, the eagle pened its wings.
形容词变副词的规则
例词
一般直接在词尾加-ly
great—______,quick—______,quiet—______,plite—________
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，通常先变y为i，再加-ly
happy—______,heavy—______,
angry—______,healthy—________
特殊变化
simple—______,true—____,
terrible—________,pssible—________
类别
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和部分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er或-est
fast
faster
fastest
near
nearer
nearest
以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st
late
later
latest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y变i，再加-er或-est
easy
easier
easiest
early
earlier
earliest
重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est
big
ht
fat
wet
thin
bigger
htter
fatter
wetter
thinner
biggest
httest
fattest
wettest
thinnest
多音节词和部分双音节词
在词前加mre或mst
careful
beautiful
quickly
carefully
mre careful
mre beautiful
mre quickly
mre carefully
mst careful
mst beautiful
mst quickly
mst carefully
原级
比较级
最高级
原级
比较级
最高级
gd/well
better
best
many/much
mre
mst
bad/badly
wrse
wrst
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
little（少量）
less
least
结构
意义
示例
as+形容词/副词原形+as
和……一样……
She is as beautiful as her mther.
I wrked as hard as befre.
nt+s/as+形容词/副词原形+as
不如……那样……
I can't type s fast as yu.
结构
意义
示例
比较级+than
比……更……
Cassie's rm is bigger than mine.
The weather here is htter than that in Yunnan.
比较级+and+比较级
越来越……
It's getting warmer and warmer.
the+比较级， the+比较级
越……，就越……
The mre bks yu read, the mre yu knw.
Which/What/Wh...+比较级, A r B?
哪一个/什么/谁更……,A还是B?
Wh plays tennis better, Mike r Sam?
the+比较级+f the tw...
两者中较……的那一个
Anne is the taller f the tw girls.
结构
意义
示例
（the+）最高级（+单数名词）+in/f/amng+比较范围
在……中最……
It is the biggest city in China.
Sccer is the mst ppular sprt in the cuntry.
He culd jump （the） farthest f all.
ne f the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数
最……的……之一
He is ne f the mst ppular singers.
sth.+be+the+形容词最高级+名词（+that）+ sb.+have/has/had ever +过去分词
某事物是某人所有经历中最……的
He said it was the quietest and mst beautiful place he had ever been t.
the+序数词+形容词最高级
第几最……的
The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China.
satisfied use quickly snwy