人教版（2019）高一英语必修第一册期末复习试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份人教版（2019）高一英语必修第一册期末复习试卷（含答案解析），共17页。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Many peple dream f traveling the wrld, but few actually make it a reality. Fr Lisa Miller, a 28-year-ld teacher frm New Yrk, traveling is nt just a dream but a way f life. Over the past five years, she has visited mre than 30 cuntries acrss Asia, Eurpe, and Africa.
Lisa's lve fr travel started when she was in cllege. She spent a semester studying abrad in Japan, where she fell in lve with the culture, fd, and peple. After graduatin, she saved mney fr a year and then quit her jb t travel arund the wrld. "I wanted t see different places and experience different cultures befre I settled dwn," she said.
During her travels, Lisa has had many unfrgettable experiences. She climbed the Great Wall f China, swam in the Mediterranean Sea, and visited ancient temples in India. She has als met many interesting peple frm all ver the wrld and made lifelng friends.
Lisa nw wrks as a travel blgger, sharing her stries and phts with peple nline. She als teaches English part-time t save mney fr her next trip. "Traveling has changed my life. It has made me mre pen-minded and cnfident," she said. "I hpe t inspire mre peple t fllw their dreams and see the wrld."
1. When did Lisa's lve fr travel begin?
A. When she was a child B. When she was in cllege
C. After she graduated frm cllege D. After she quit her jb
2. Hw many cuntries has Lisa visited in the past five years?
A. Mre than 20 B. Mre than 30 C. Mre than 40 D. Mre than 50
3. What did Lisa d during her study abrad in Japan?
A. She learned t ck Japanese fd B. She made many Japanese friends
C. She fell in lve with Japanese culture D. She traveled arund Japan
4. What is Lisa's jb nw?
A. A full-time teacher B. A full-time travel blgger
C. A part-time teacher and travel blgger D. A part-time travel blgger
B
Plants are very imprtant t ur life. They prvide us with fd, xygen, and many ther things. Withut plants, life n Earth wuld nt exist. There are mre than 300,000 kinds f plants in the wrld, and they cme in all shapes and sizes.
Sme plants are very small, like msses and algae. They grw in wet places and are an imprtant part f the ecsystem. Other plants are very large, like the giant sequia tree. It can grw up t 100 meters tall and live fr mre than 2,000 years.
Plants need sunlight, water, and air t grw. They use sunlight t make fd thrugh a prcess called phtsynthesis. During phtsynthesis, plants take in carbn dixide frm the air and release xygen. This is very imprtant fr animals and humans, because we need xygen t breathe.
Plants als play an imprtant rle in the water cycle. They absrb water frm the sil thrugh their rts and release it int the air thrugh their leaves. This helps t keep the air mist and prduce rain.
In additin t prviding us with fd and xygen, plants are als used fr many ther things. We use wd frm trees t build huses and make furniture. We use cttn frm plants t make clthes. Many medicines are als made frm plants.
5. Hw many kinds f plants are there in the wrld?
A. Mre than 200,000 B. Mre than 300,000
C. Mre than 400,000 D. Mre than 500,000
6. What d plants need t grw?
A. Sunlight, water and sil B. Sunlight, water and air
C. Sunlight, air and sil D. Water, air and sil
7. What is phtsynthesis?
A. A prcess that plants use t make fd
B. A prcess that plants use t absrb water
C. A prcess that plants use t release xygen
D. A prcess that plants use t take in carbn dixide
8. Which f the fllwing is NOT the use f plants?
A. Prviding fd B. Prducing xygen C. Making cars D. Building huses
C
Online shpping has becme mre and mre ppular in recent years. Mre and mre peple are chsing t shp nline instead f ging t physical stres. There are many reasns fr this.
First, nline shpping is very cnvenient. Yu can shp at any time f the day r night, withut leaving yur hme. Yu can als cmpare prices frm different stres easily and find the best deal. Secnd, nline stres usually have a larger selectin f prducts than physical stres. Yu can find almst anything yu want nline, frm clthes and electrnics t fd and bks.
Third, nline shpping is ften cheaper. Online stres dn't have t pay fr rent, electricity, r staff, s they can ffer lwer prices. Many nline stres als ffer discunts and free shipping, which makes shpping nline even mre affrdable.
Hwever, nline shpping als has sme disadvantages. One f the biggest disadvantages is that yu can't see r tuch the prduct befre yu buy it. This means that yu may get a prduct that is nt what yu expected. Anther disadvantage is that shpping nline can be risky, because there are many fake nline stres. Yu may lse yur mney if yu shp n a fake website.
In additin, nline shpping can als cause envirnmental prblems. Mst nline purchases are delivered by express delivery, which prduces a lt f packaging waste and carbn emissins.
9. Why is nline shpping cnvenient?
A. Yu can shp at any time and cmpare prices easily
B. Yu can find mre prducts nline
C. Online prducts are cheaper
D. Online stres ffer free shipping
10. What is the disadvantage f nline shpping mentined in the passage?
A. It is nt cnvenient B. The prduct selectin is small
C. Yu can't check the prduct befre buying D. The prices are high
11. Why are nline prducts ften cheaper?
A. Online stres have mre custmers
B. Online stres dn't have many csts
C. Online stres get prducts at lwer prices
D. Online stres ffer mre discunts
12. What envirnmental prblem des nline shpping cause?
A. Air pllutin B. Water pllutin C. Packaging waste D. Nise pllutin
D
Time management is the prcess f planning and cntrlling hw much time yu spend n different activities. It is a very imprtant skill that can help yu wrk mre efficiently and achieve yur gals.
Many peple struggle with time management. They ften feel busy, but they dn't get much dne. This is because they dn't have a clear plan fr their time. They waste time n unimprtant things, like checking scial media r watching TV.
T manage yur time well, yu need t set clear gals. Yu shuld knw what yu want t achieve in a day, a week, r a mnth. Once yu have set yur gals, yu can make a t-d list. A t-d list is a list f tasks that yu need t d. Yu shuld priritize yur tasks, meaning yu shuld d the mst imprtant tasks first.
Anther imprtant tip fr time management is t avid prcrastinatin. Prcrastinatin means putting ff tasks that yu need t d. It is a bad habit that can waste a lt f time. T avid prcrastinatin, yu can break large tasks int smaller nes. This makes the tasks seem easier and mre manageable.
Yu shuld als learn t say n. Many peple take n t many tasks because they dn't want t disappint thers. This can lead t stress and pr time management. Yu shuld nly take n tasks that yu have time fr and that are imprtant t yu.
Finally, yu shuld take breaks. Wrking fr a lng time withut a break can make yu tired and less efficient. Yu shuld take a shrt break every hur r s t relax and recharge.
13. What is time management?
A. Planning and cntrlling time spent n activities
B. Wrking mre efficiently t achieve gals
C. Setting clear gals fr daily life
D. Making a t-d list f imprtant tasks
14. Why d many peple feel busy but achieve little?
A. They have t many tasks B. They dn't plan their time clearly
C. They are nt hard-wrking D. They dn't knw their gals
15. What des the underlined wrd "prcrastinatin" mean?
A. Ding tasks n time B. Breaking tasks int smaller nes
C. Putting ff tasks D. Priritizing tasks
第二部分 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Imprve Yur English Speaking Skills
English speaking is an imprtant skill that can help yu in many aspects f life. Whether yu want t study abrad, get a gd jb, r make internatinal friends, gd English speaking skills are essential. 16. ______ Here are sme tips t help yu imprve yur English speaking skills.
Practice as much as pssible
Practice is the key t imprving any skill, including English speaking. 17. ______ Yu can practice speaking with yur classmates, friends, r family members. Yu can als jin an English speaking club r find a language partner nline. The mre yu practice, the mre cnfident yu will becme.
Listen t English every day
Listening t English can help yu imprve yur prnunciatin and intnatin. 18. ______ Yu can listen t English sngs, pdcasts, mvies, r TV shws. Pay attentin t hw native speakers speak and try t imitate them. This will help yu speak English mre naturally.
Learn new wrds and phrases
Having a large vcabulary is imprtant fr speaking English fluently. 19. ______ Yu can learn new wrds and phrases frm bks, newspapers, r the internet. Yu shuld als learn hw t use them in sentences. This will help yu express yurself better in English.
Dn't be afraid t make mistakes
Many peple are afraid t speak English because they are afraid f making mistakes. 20. ______ Mistakes are a natural part f the learning prcess. Yu can learn frm yur mistakes and imprve yur English speaking skills. Just speak English as much as pssible, and dn't wrry abut making mistakes.
A. Yu shuld speak English every day.
B. Hwever, many peple find it difficult t imprve their English speaking skills.
C. Yu shuld nt be afraid t ask fr help.
D. But making mistakes is nt a bad thing.
E. Yu shuld try t listen t English fr at least 30 minutes every day.
F. Yu shuld keep a vcabulary ntebk and write dwn new wrds every day.
G. Yu shuld practice speaking in frnt f a mirrr.
第三部分 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a yung man named Tm was walking in the park. He saw an ld man sitting n a bench, lking very 21. ______. Tm went up t him and asked, "Excuse me, sir. Are yu kay?" The ld man 22. ______ and said, "I'm fine, thank yu. I just miss my wife. She passed away last year."
Tm felt 23. ______ fr the ld man. He sat dwn next t him and started talking t him. The ld man tld Tm abut his wife. He said she was a very kind and 24. ______ wman. They had been married fr 50 years and had a happy life tgether.
As they talked, Tm learned that the ld man's name was Mr. Brwn. He was 75 years ld and lived alne. His children lived in anther city and didn't visit him very ften. Tm realized that Mr. Brwn was very 25. ______.
After that day, Tm started visiting Mr. Brwn every weekend. He wuld take him fr a walk, read t him, r just sit and talk with him. Mr. Brwn's md started t 26. ______. He became happier and mre active.
One day, Mr. Brwn tld Tm, "Yu are like a grandsn t me. I dn't knw hw t thank yu fr 27. ______ me cmpany." Tm smiled and said, "It's my pleasure, Mr. Brwn. I enjy spending time with yu."
Mnths passed, and Tm and Mr. Brwn became very gd friends. Tm learned a lt frm Mr. Brwn, including the imprtance f 28. ______ and kindness. Mr. Brwn, in turn, felt less lnely and mre 29. ______.
One afternn, Mr. Brwn gave Tm a small bx. Inside the bx was a gld watch. "This watch was my wife's," he said. "She wanted me t give it t smene wh is 30. ______ and kind. I think yu are that persn."
Tm was very 31. ______. He said, "Mr. Brwn, I can't accept this. It's t valuable." Mr. Brwn shk his head and said, "I want yu t have it. It's a 32. ______ f ur friendship." Tm finally accepted the watch and prmised t 33. ______ it frever.
Years later, Tm still has the watch. He wears it every day t 34. ______ him f Mr. Brwn. Whenever he lks at the watch, he remembers the ld man wh taught him the true meaning f friendship and hw a small act f kindness can 35. ______ smene's life.
21. A. happy B. sad C. angry D. tired
22. A. lked up B. std up C. sat dwn D. lay dwn
23. A. srry B. happy C. excited D. surprised
24. A. beautiful B. clever C. lving D. strict
25. A. lnely B. busy C. bred D. sick
26. A. change B. imprve C. drp D. stay
27. A. keeping B. taking C. giving D. making
28. A. friendship B. family C. health D. mney
29. A. wrried B. relaxed C. cnfident D. hpeful
30. A. brave B. hnest C. helpful D. hard-wrking
31. A. surprised B. disappinted C. scared D. nervus
32. A. symbl B. gift C. memry D. sign
33. A. keep B. wear C. prtect D. treasure
34. A. remind B. tell C. warnD. infrm
35. A. change B. save C. imprve D. enrich
第四部分 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Lngping, knwn as the "Father f Hybrid Rice", was ne f the 36. __________ (great) scientists in China. He was brn n September 7, 1930, in Beijing. He 37. ____________ (graduate) frm Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in 1953 and then began t wrk as a teacher in an agricultural schl.
In the 1960s, China faced a serius fd shrtage. Yuan Lngping decided 38. ____________ (devte) his life t develping hybrid rice t slve the fd prblem. He spent many years 39. ____________ (d) research in the field. He wrked very hard, even in the httest summer and the cldest winter.
In 1973, Yuan Lngping and his team 40. ____________ (success) develped the first hybrid rice variety. This variety prduced 20% mre rice than traditinal rice. Since then, hybrid rice has been grwn in many cuntries arund the wrld, 41. ____________ (help) millins f peple get enugh fd.
Yuan Lngping was nt nly a great scientist but als a kind persn. He cared abut 42. ____________ (farm) and ften went t the cuntryside t teach them hw t grw hybrid rice. He als dnated a lt f mney t supprt agricultural research.
On May 22, 2021, Yuan Lngping passed away at the age f 91. His 43. ____________ (die) made the whle cuntry sad. Hwever, his spirit will live n frever. He taught us that we shuld wrk hard fr ur dreams and make 44. ____________ (cntributin) t ur cuntry.
Tday, hybrid rice is still being develped. Scientists are trying t make it 45. ____________ (yield) mre and grw in mre places. Yuan Lngping's dream f "filling every bwl with rice" is cming true.
第五部分 书面表达
46. 假设你是李华，你在美国夏令营认识的朋友Mike给你来信说他最近沉迷于电脑难以控制。请你给他回一封信，告诉他网瘾可能会导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、损害家庭关系等问题，并提出一些建议。
注意: 词数不少于100字，开头结尾已给出不进入总词数；
参考词汇：沉溺于 be/becme addicted t 网瘾：Internet addictin
Dear Mike,
I am glad t hear frm yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案和试题解析
快速核对答案
1-4：BBCC 5-8: BBAC 9-12: ACBC 13-15: ABC
16-20: BAEFD
21-25: BAACA 26-30: BAADC 31-35:AADAA
36. greatest 37. graduated 38. t devte 39. Ding
40. successfully 41. helping 42. farmers 43. death
44. cntributins 45. yield
第一部分 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A篇是关于旅行的记叙文
1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Lisa's lve fr travel started when she was in cllege.”可知，她的旅行爱好始于大学时期。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Over the past five years, she has visited mre than 30 cuntries acrss Asia, Eurpe, and Africa.”可知，五年内她到访了30多个国家。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She spent a semester studying abrad in Japan, where she fell in lve with the culture, fd, and peple.”可知，在日本留学期间她爱上了日本的文化。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第四段首句“Lisa nw wrks as a travel blgger...”和第二句“She als teaches English part-time...”可知，她现在是兼职英语老师和旅行博主。
B篇是关于植物科普类的说明文
5. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“There are mre than 300,000 kinds f plants in the wrld...”可知，世界上有30多万种植物。
6. B 细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Plants need sunlight, water, and air t grw.”可知，植物生长需要阳光、水和空气。
7. A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“They use sunlight t make fd thrugh a prcess called phtsynthesis.”可知，光合作用是植物制造食物的过程。
8. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段，植物的用途包括提供食物、造房子、做衣服、制药等，未提及“制造汽车”，故选C。
C篇是关于网购的说明文
9. A 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“First, nline shpping is very cnvenient. Yu can shp at any time... cmpare prices frm different stres easily...”可知，网购便利的原因是可随时购物、轻松比价。
10. C 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“One f the biggest disadvantages is that yu can't see r tuch the prduct befre yu buy it.”可知，网购的缺点之一是购买前无法检查商品。
11. B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Online stres dn't have t pay fr rent, electricity, r staff, s they can ffer lwer prices.”可知，网购商品更便宜是因为网店运营成本低。
12. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“which prduces a lt f packaging waste and carbn emissins”可知，网购造成的环境问题是包装垃圾。
D篇是关于时间管理的说明文
13. A 细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Time management is the prcess f planning and cntrlling hw much time yu spend n different activities.”可知，时间管理是规划和控制不同活动的用时。
14. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“They ften feel busy, but they dn't get much dne. This is because they dn't have a clear plan fr their time.”可知，人们忙而无获的原因是没有清晰的时间规划。
15. C 词义猜测题。根据后一句“Prcrastinatin means putting ff tasks that yu need t d.”可知，该词意为“拖延（推迟做任务）”。
第二部分 七选五
本题以“提升英语口语技巧”为话题，贴合人教版必修英语“语言学习”主题，考查学生语篇衔接能力。选项设置涵盖过渡句、主题句、细节支撑句，需结合上下文逻辑（转折、因果、举例）和段落主旨选择，侧重考查必修阶段学生对语篇整体结构的理解。
16. B 过渡句。前文说英语口语的重要性，后文讲提升技巧的方法，此处用“然而很多人觉得提升英语口语很难”形成转折，衔接前后文。
17. A 细节支撑句。本段主旨是“尽可能多练习”，后文讲练习的对象和方式，此处用“你应该每天说英语”点明练习的具体做法，贴合主旨。
18. E 细节支撑句。本段主旨是“每天听英语”，后文讲听的渠道，此处用“你应该每天至少听30分钟英语”点明听的时长要求，支撑主旨。
19. F 细节支撑句。本段主旨是“学习新单词和短语”，后文讲学习渠道，此处用“你应该准备词汇本，每天记录新单词”点明词汇积累的具体方法，贴合主旨。
20. D 过渡句。前文说人们害怕犯错误，后文说错误是学习的一部分，此处用“但犯错误并不是坏事”形成转折，衔接前后文。
第三部分 完形填空
本题为记叙文，以“汤姆帮助孤独老人布朗先生，二人结下深厚友谊”为主题，贴合人教版必修英语“人际交往、善良与友谊”的情感主题。考查词汇均为必修课标内的核心实词（形容词、动词、名词）和少量固定搭配，侧重考查学生结合上下文语境推理和词义辨析能力，句子结构简单，无复杂从句，符合必修阶段完形填空考查难度。
21. B 形容词辨析。根据后文“I just miss my wife. She passed away last year.”可知，老人因思念去世的妻子，看起来很“难过的（sad）”。
22. A 动词短语辨析。老人坐在长椅上，汤姆上前搭话，老人应“抬起头（lked up）”回应。stand up 站起来；sit dwn 坐下；lay dwn 躺下。
23. A 形容词辨析。得知老人的遭遇，汤姆应为他感到“惋惜（srry）”，feel srry fr sb. 为固定搭配，意为“为某人感到难过/惋惜”。
24. C 形容词辨析。根据前文“kind”（善良的），此处选近义形容词“lving（充满爱的）”，形容老人的妻子善良、温柔。beautiful 美丽的；clever 聪明的；strict 严格的。
25. A 形容词辨析。根据前文“lived alne”“children didn't visit him very ften”可知，老人非常“孤独的（lnely）”。busy 忙碌的；bred 无聊的；sick 生病的。
26. B 动词辨析。根据后文“He became happier and mre active.”可知，老人的心情开始“好转（imprve）”。change 改变（无褒贬）；drp 下降；stay 保持。
27. A 固定搭配。keep sb. cmpany 为固定短语，意为“陪伴某人”，此处指老人感谢汤姆的陪伴。
28. A 名词辨析。根据前文“Tm and Mr. Brwn became very gd friends”可知，汤姆从老人身上学到了“友谊（friendship）”和善良的重要性。family 家庭；health 健康；mney 金钱。
29. D 形容词辨析。根据前文“felt less lnely”可知，老人不再孤独，变得更“满怀希望的（hpeful）”。wrried 担心的；relaxed 放松的；cnfident 自信的。
30. C 形容词辨析。汤姆一直陪伴、帮助老人，因此是“乐于助人的（helpful）”，符合老人赠送手表的原因。brave 勇敢的；hnest 诚实的；hard-wrking 勤奋的。
31. A 形容词辨析。老人突然赠送贵重的金表，汤姆应感到非常“惊讶的（surprised）”。disappinted 失望的；scared 害怕的；nervus 紧张的。
32. A 名词辨析。老人说手表是二人“友谊的象征（symbl）”。gift 礼物；memry 回忆；sign 标志（多指指示牌）。
33. D 动词辨析。汤姆承诺会永远“珍视（treasure）”这块手表，体现对友谊的重视。keep 保存；wear 佩戴；prtect 保护。
34. A 固定搭配。remind sb. f sb./sth. 为固定短语，意为“使某人想起某人/某事”，此处指汤姆戴手表来纪念布朗先生。
35. A 动词辨析。本文讲述汤姆的小小善举改变了老人的生活，此处指“一个小小的善举可以改变（change）一个人的生活”。save 拯救；imprve 改善；enrich 丰富。
第四部分 语法填空
本题以“袁隆平与杂交水稻”为主题，贴合人教版必修英语“名人故事、科学贡献”话题，是语法填空经典题型。考查知识点均为必修阶段核心语法，涵盖形容词最高级、一般过去时、非谓语动词、副词、名词单复数、词性转换等，侧重考查学生对基础语法规则的运用和语境判断能力，无复杂语法点。
36. greatest 形容词最高级。“ne f the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，意为“最……之一”，故填great的最高级greatest。
37. graduated 一般过去时。根据时间状语“in 1953”可知，句子用一般过去时，故填graduate的过去式graduated。
38. t devte 非谓语动词。decide t d sth. 为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，故填动词不定式t devte。
39. ding 非谓语动词。spend sme time (in) ding sth. 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故填d的动名词形式ding。
40. successfully 副词。此处修饰动词develped，需用副词，故填success的副词形式successfully。
41. helping 非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词has been grwn，此处用现在分词作结果状语，表“杂交水稻在多国种植，结果帮助数百万人解决温饱”，故填helping。
42. farmers 名词单复数。根据后文“teach them”可知，此处指“农民”，且为复数概念，故填farmer的复数形式farmers。
43. death 词性转换。形容词性物主代词His后需接名词，故填die的名词形式death。
44. cntributins 固定搭配。make cntributins t sth. 为固定短语，意为“为某事做贡献”，cntributin为可数名词，需用复数形式。
45. yield 非谓语动词。make sb./sth. d sth. 为固定搭配，意为“使某人/某物做某事”，故填动词原形yield（产出）。
第五部分 书面表达
46. 假设你是李华，你在美国夏令营认识的朋友Mike给你来信说他最近沉迷于电脑难以控制。请你给他回一封信，告诉他网瘾可能会导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、损害家庭关系等问题，并提出一些建议。
参考范文
Dear Jack,
I am glad t hear frm yu. As yur clse friend, I’d like t talk abut the harm f Internet addictin t yu as I feel wrried t knw that yu have wasted lts f valuable time playing the Internet games.
As we knw, the Internet is a cnvenient tl t imprve ur knwledge and skills. Hwever, ur life will be greatly affected if we are addicted t it. Fr example yur grades may g dwn and yur health will be ging frm bad t wrse. T make things wrse, it can als damage the relatinship with yur family. S I think it is high time that yu gt rid f the bad habit. It is a gd idea fr yu t read sme meaningful bks and d sme physical exercise.
I am lking frward t hearing yur gd news sn．
Yurs,
Li Hua
亲爱的杰克：
很高兴收到你的来信。作为你的挚友，我想和你谈谈网络成瘾的危害，因为我得知你浪费了大量宝贵的时间玩网络游戏，对此我感到很担心。
众所周知，互联网是提升我们知识和技能的便利工具。然而，如果我们沉迷其中，我们的生活将受到严重影响。例如，你的成绩可能会下降，健康状况也会每况愈下，甚至还会破坏你和家人的关系。因此，我认为现在正是你改掉这个坏习惯的时候。读一些有意义的书、做一些体育锻炼对你来说是个不错的主意。
期待很快听到你的好消息