人教版（2019）高一英语第二学期开学考测试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份人教版（2019）高一英语第二学期开学考测试卷（含答案解析），共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节(共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
As April 18 marks the Internatinal Day fr Mnuments and Sites, als knwn as Wrld Heritage Day, we’ve selected fur archaelgical (考古的) sites in China that deserve explratin.
Zhukudian, Beijing
Zhukudian, a UNESCO heritage site lcated 50 km frm dwntwn Beijing, has been a significant site. At varius parts f the site, scientists have unearthed the remains f early human “Peking Man” that date back mre than 500,000 years, as well as f “Shandingdng Man”, wh lived 30,000 years ag.
Sanxingdui Ruins site, Sichuan prvince
As ne f the greatest archelgical finds f the 20th century, the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed t be the remains f the Shu Kingdm, dating back at least 4,800 years and lasting ver 2,000 years.
The ruins are lcated in Guanghan city in Suthwest China’s Sichuan prvince, cvering 12 square kilmeters.
The Yinxu Ruins, Henan prvince
The Yinxu Ruins, a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site in Anyang city, Henan prvince, was an ancient capital f the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC-11th century BC).
Spreading acrss ver 30 square kilmeters, the site features the greatest number f racle bne inscriptins (甲骨文) discvered s far in the wrld.
The Daming Palace, Shaanxi prvince
Famus fr its super-large scale and magnificent buildings, Daming Palace was the main ryal palace in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) where Tang emperrs lived and dealt with state affairs.
Cvering 3.2 square kilmeters, it fully demnstrates the majestic style f grand architecture during the Tang empire.
1．Which site reflects the earliest human?
A．Zhukudian. B．The Yinxu Ruins. C．The Daming Palace. D．Sanxingdui Ruins site.
2．What is the Yinxu Ruins knwn fr?
A．The grand architecture. B．Oracle bne inscriptins.
C．Ryal palace in the Tang Dynasty. D．The remains f the Shu Kingdm.
3．Where can the text prbably be fund?
A．In a nvel.B．In a bigraphy.
C．In a histry bk.D．In a guidebk.
B
My husband Dave and I are bth very creative, but we are nt very sprts-minded. Since we’ve had quite a few medical prblems, we’ve been advised t get mre exercise.
One day I had an idea. It seemed kind f silly at first, but I actually thught it might wrk s I tld Dave abut it. What if we paid urselves t walk? My plan was this: we wuld each keep track f ur walking time n the schedule, adding it up as “walking pints.” Whenever we reached 120 pints, we wuld get $10 t spend n r save up fr whatever we wanted. In additin t the mney, I figured there wuld be a little cmpetitin, which might add t ur mtivatin.
As ur mney is ften set aside fr bills and living csts, r catching up n credit card spending, we dn’t ften have anything extra t buy things that are nt necessary.
Dave liked the idea, s we started putting it int practice, and t my surprise, it shuld wrk! Dave sn began keeping up his 20 minutes a day. One f the first things Dave bught was a guitar. Anther time he gt Bluetth headphnes. As I write this, he has saved up $155 fr sme unknwn item he hasn’t decided n yet. The plan wrked fr me as well. I became mre willing t walk during my break time at wrk.
The cmpetitive side f the plan wrked as well. We fund urselves telling thers that we had t g ut fr walks s we culd earn ur walking pints. “Dave is way ahead f me this week,” I wuld say.
When I first thught f this idea, I als wndered hw we culd affrd it. But as I tld Dave at the time, if we kept walking, we might save n medical bills. Didn’t it make sense t stay healthier and nt need a dctr? We had spent thusands f dllars n medical bills in the past. Why nt spend it n urselves t stay healthy?
4．What made the authr and her husband decide t walk?
A．A prize system.B．A fitness prgram.
C．A medical suggestin.D．A step-tracking schedule.
5．What was unexpected fr the authr?
A．She saved a lt f mney.B．Her husband was supprtive.
C．Her idea was really effective.D．She did better than her husband.
6．What was the cmpetitive side f the authr and her husband’s plan?
A．Trying t break as many unhealthy habits as pssible. B．Cmpeting with ther peple in sprts events.
C．Setting specific walking gals fr each ther. D．Challenging each ther t walk mre.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．It Pays t Keep WalkingB．Mney Cannt Buy Health
C．A Dllar Saved is a Dllar EarnedD．Daily Walking Keeps the Dctr Away
C
Language is nt just a tl fr cmmunicatin; it’s als a playgrund fr the mind. English, in particular, is famus fr its rich vcabulary and influence frm many different languages, which prvides a great basis fr creativity and humr. One example f this is the use f puns — the clever r humrus use f a wrd that has mre than ne meaning, r f wrds that have different meanings but sund the same.
Puns can be srted int different types. Hmphnic puns rely n wrd pairs that sund alike but have different meanings, like “A bicycle can’t stand n its wn because it’s tw-tired.” Hmgraphic puns use wrds that are spelled the same but have different meanings and smetimes different prnunciatins, fr example, “I can’t bear the weight f that bear.”
Cmpund puns ften cmbine hmphnic and hmgraphic elements, creating even mre cmplex wrdplay, fr example, “I was struggling t figure ut hw lightning wrks, but then it struck me.”
The histry f puns in English literature and culture is rich and interesting. Fllwing their develpment shws hw language, culture, and humr have changed ver time. Puns have been a part f English literature frm the early days, appearing in medieval (中世纪的) texts and Shakespeare’s plays, ften used fr humr r t shw duble meanings. During the Victrian Era. strict scial nrms prmted the use f puns, as they allwed peple t cmment n issues cleverly while aviding directness. Tday, puns are widely used in advertising, televisin, and scial media, reflecting hw English wrdplay adapts t different cntexts and media.
Peple’s pinins f puns have changed thrughut histry. Once seen as a sign f cleverness, puns were smetimes lked dwn n as lw-level humr. Hwever, in recent years, they’ve regained ppularity, largely because f the Internet and scial media, which allw fr quick sharing and creativity in pun-based humr.
8．What can we learn frm paragraph 1?
A．Language is difficult t learn. B．Language develps ver time.
C．Language serves different scial purpses. D．Language has a creative and playful nature.
9．Which f the fllwing cntains a hmgraphic pun?
A．Yu can call a bee frm America a USB． B．Six is afraid f seven because seven ate nine.
C．Time flies like an arrw; fruit flies like a banana. D．I nly knw 25 letters f the alphabet; I dn’t knw Y.
10．What was the majr purpse f using puns in the Victrian Era?
A．T break scial rules.B．T express ideas indirectly.
C．T spread different pinins.D．T make cmmunicatin easier.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．The rise and fall f the ppularity f puns. B．The new changes f language in recent years.
C．The influence f scial media n mdern humr. D．The link between puns and scial cmmunicatin.
D
As glbalizatin weaves the wrld int a clser-knit cmmunity, crss-cultural exchanges have becme part f daily life — especially fr internatinal students and yung prfessinals, many f whm encunter culture shck. Often described as the cnfusing “cultural jet lag” that cmes with stepping int an unfamiliar wrld, it’s usually viewed with anxiety r even fear. But when apprached with the right mindset, this seemingly tugh experience can turn int a precius learning jurney, nurturing persnal grwth and deepening ur understanding f different cultures.
The term “culture shck” was first put frward by anthrplgist Kalerv Oberg in the 1960s, wh mapped ut its fur typical stages: the initial “hneymn phase” filled with excitement and curisity, the challenging “frustratin phase” marked by anxiety and lneliness, the gradual “adjustment phase” f finding ne’s feet, and finally the “adaptatin phase” f full acceptance. Many peple get trapped in the frustratin phase, seeing it as a sign that they can’t fit in. Little d they knw, this is the very stage where true grwth takes rt — it pushes us ut f ur czy cmfrt znes and makes us questin the fixed cultural ideas we’ve always taken fr granted.
One f the greatest gifts f culture shck is that it sharpens ur self-awareness. When surrunded by different custms — whether in hw peple cmmunicate, g abut their daily lives, r view the wrld — we’re frced t lk at ur wn cultural habits frm a new perspective. This reflectin pens ur minds t new pssibilities, a skill that’s mre imprtant than ever in ur intercnnected wrld. What’s mre, vercming culture shck exercises ur prblem-slving muscles. Adapting t a new culture means decding unfamiliar scial rules, bridging language gaps, and managing emtinal ups and dwns — all f which train us t be mre flexible and resurceful.
In a wrld that celebrates cultural diversity, culture shck is n lnger a threat t be avided. Instead, it’s a gateway t grwth and becming a true glbal citizen. Thse wh embrace it, rather than shrink frm it, will find themselves better able t thrive in ur diverse and ever-changing wrld.
12．Which phase f culture shck is key t persnal grwth?
A．The frustratin phase.B．The hneymn phase.
C．The adjustment phase.D．The adaptatin phase.
13．What can we infer frm Paragraph 3?
A．Unfamiliar cultural nrms may make peple narrw-minded.
B．Self-awareness is less imprtant in a cnnected wrld.
C．Crss-cultural experiences help peple understand their wn culture better.
D．Peple frm different cultures share the same scial nrms.
14．What is the authr’s attitude twards culture shck?
A．Negative.B．Neutral.C．Psitive.D．Dubtful.
15．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Culture Shck: A Frustrating Experience fr Expats
B．Embrace Culture Shck, Embrace Persnal Grwth
C．The Fur Stages f Culture Shck Yu Shuld Knw
D．The Ways t Build a Supprt Netwrk in a New Culture
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Teach Yur Kids t Be Respectful and Kind t Animals
When yur family is preparing t welcme a new pet, it’s essential t establish clear guidelines t ensure the safety and well-being f bth children and animals. Here are sme practical ways t help children build empathy and learn t care fr animals respnsibly.
One f the mst effective methds is t lead by example. Children ften fllw in adults’ ftsteps, s hw yu treat animals will leave a lasting impressin. Shw them the prper way t apprach and interact with animals. 16 This teaches respect fr the animal’s cmfrt zne.
It’s als helpful t set clear and cnsistent rules. Children may nt knw exactly hw t behave arund animals. 17 Explain that animals are nt tys — pulling their tails, climbing n them, r disturbing them while they eat r sleep is unacceptable. Such guidelines help prevent misunderstandings and ptential harm.
Anther key lessn is shwing understanding and respect. Just like peple, animals have mds and persnal space. Teach yur child t recgnize when an animal wants t be left alne — such as when it mves away, hides, r makes an unhappy sund. 18 This nt nly prtects the child but als helps the animal feel respected.
19 . Fr example, if yu find an insect indrs, yu might calmly capture and release it utside instead f killing it. Use respectful language when referring t animals — avid calling them “it,” and chse “he,” “she,” r “they” instead. What’s mre, reading bks that prmte kindness tward animals is a simple but pwerful tl.
Remember that building a psitive relatinship between children and animals takes time and patience. 20 Thrugh cnsistent mdeling and gentle guidance, children can grw int cmpassinate (有同情心的) and respectful individuals.
A．In this way, children will play with animals at will.
B．Sympathy can als be develped thrugh daily habits.
C．Kids will develp a scientific way f lking at all living things.
D．It is better t shw them what t d instead f simply saying “dn’t.”
E．This knwledge is useful fr interacting with bth animals and peple.
F．Over time, these small lessns cntribute t a lifelng respect fr animals.
G．When encuntering a nervus animal, ask kids t bserve quietly rather than chase it.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题，每题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Being a parent is already a life-changing experience. Hwever, this 40-year-ld dad 21 a surprising change after a hike with his kids. Befre Jeremiah Petersn lked like a supermdel, he weighed 290 punds. He was nly 22 t lse weight after he went n a 23 with his family in 2017 and became aware f hw quickly he gt 24 frm the activity.
“All I can 25 is ne thing that kept playing in my head ver and ver again: I fund myself running ut f breath and having t take 26 befre my 9-, 7- and 4-year-ld kids,” Petersn wrte n scial media.
The dad frm Missula, Mntana then 27 himself t get int shape. Therefre, he started by giving up drinking and 28 a balanced diet. Every day fr five mnths straight, he wuld hike fr tw hurs and 29 ne mre hur at the gym.
After 150 days f a strict diet and lts f 30 , Petersn lst 92 punds. Nt nly that, he can nw run 31 up the hiking trail that nce made him extremely tired.
Petersn nw uses his stry and fitness knwledge t cach and 32 almst 100,000 scial media fllwers — but he says that his kids are the real 33 fr his success. “Finding yur reasn is 34 if yu want t achieve success in life,” he wrte in a pst. “If yu dn’t have a strng reasn behind yur 35 , yu are less likely t get the results.”
21．A．experiencedB．admiredC．preventedD．imprved
22．A．luckyB．hnredC．carefulD．determined
23．A．dietB．hikeC．prgramD．prject
24．A．freeB．prudC．tiredD．puzzled
25．A．changeB．recgnizeC．prepareD．remember
26．A．breaksB．turnsC．phtsD．ntes
27．A．attractedB．setC．advisedD．wished
28．A．living up tB．insisting nC．getting acrssD．agreeing n
29．A．waitB．wasteC．spendD．expect
30．A．equipmentB．cnsideratinC．attentinD．exercise
31．A．nn-stpB．suddenlyC．aludD．tgether
32．A．pleaseB．cmpareC．frceD．encurage
33．A．reasnB．purpseC．hpeD．need
34．A．simpleB．necessaryC．persnalD．difficult
35．A．achievementsB．imaginatinsC．actinsD．cnditins
第二节语篇填空：(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The mment my senir high schl started, my heart 36 (fill) with a mix f nervusness and excitement. All the things arund me were new — the classmates, the teachers, the classrms, and even the sund f the mrning bell. I knew I had t get used 37 this challenging yet prmising chapter f my life gradually.
My first class was English. The teacher, Miss Xia, greeted us with a warm smile and encuraged us t explre new ways f 38 (learn). She brught in a plan 39 included creative wrk and grup talks. When she asked me t share my thughts, I gt butterflies in my stmach, but her encuragement gave me the cnfidence t speak up.
During the break, I met sme classmates. Thugh we were 40 (stranger) at first, their friendly attitudes made me feel welcme. We shared ur hbbies 41 talked abut what ur dreams fr the future were, and I knew that many f us wanted t d ur best.
In 42 afternn, we had a tur f the schl library and labs. The librarian shwed us hw 43 (brrw)and return bks.
By the end f the day, my initial (最初的) anxiety had turned int 44 (curius). This first day left a deep impressin n me. It wasn’t just abut new textbks r schedules — it was the beginning f a jurney t 45 (slw) discver my ptential.
四、写作（共15分）
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Allen计划春节期间出游, 特发来邮件让你推荐中国的一座城市。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐的城市；2. 推荐的理由。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案
1．A 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了中国四个值得探索的考古遗址。
1．细节理解题。根据Zhukudian, Beijing中“At varius parts f the site, scientists have unearthed the remains f early human “Peking Man” that date back mre than 500,000 years, as well as f “Shandingdng Man”, wh lived 30,000 years ag.(在遗址的各个地方，科学家们发掘出了50多万年前的早期人类“北京猿人”，以及生活在3万年前的“山东猿人”)”及其余遗址反映的时间可知，北京周口店遗址能反映出最早的人类信息。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据The Yinxu Ruins, Henan prvince中“Spreading acrss ver 30 square kilmeters, the site features the greatest number f racle bne inscriptins (甲骨文) discvered s far in the wrld.(该遗址占地30多平方公里，是迄今为止世界上发现数量最多的甲骨文遗址)”可知，殷墟遗址以甲骨文出名。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As April 18 marks the Internatinal Day fr Mnuments and Sites, als knwn as Wrld Heritage Day, we’ve selected fur archaelgical (考古的) sites in China that deserve explratin.(4月18日是国际古迹和遗址日，也被称为世界遗产日，我们在中国选择了四个值得探索的考古遗址)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了四处考古遗址，可以在一本旅行指南中找到。故选D。
4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫通过步行奖励计划改善健康的故事。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Since we’ve had quite a few medical prblems, we’ve been advised t get mre exercise.(由于我们都有不少健康问题，我们被建议多锻炼。)”可知，是医疗建议让作者和她的丈夫决定步行。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Dave liked the idea, s we started putting it int practice, and t my surprise, it shuld wrk!(戴夫喜欢这个主意，所以我们开始付诸实践，令我惊讶的是，它竟然奏效了！)”可知，令作者意外的是她的想法真的很有效。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The cmpetitive side f the plan wrked as well. We fund urselves telling thers that we had t g ut fr walks s we culd earn ur walking pints. “Dave is way ahead f me this week,” I wuld say.(这个计划的竞争性也起到了作用。我们发现自己在告诉别人我们必须出去散步，这样我们才能赚到步行积分。“这周戴夫远远超过了我，”我会说。)”可知，作者和她丈夫计划的竞争性在于互相挑战多走路。故选D。
7．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Since we’ve had quite a few medical prblems, we’ve been advised t get mre exercise.(由于我们都有不少健康问题，我们被建议多锻炼。)”以及最后一段中“But as I tld Dave at the time, if we kept walking, we might save n medical bills.(但正如我当时告诉戴夫的，如果我们继续走下去，我们可能会节省医疗费用。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫因为健康问题被建议多锻炼，于是他们想出了一个步行奖励计划，这个计划不仅让他们更愿意步行，还节省了医疗费用，因此A项“It Pays t Keep Walking(坚持步行是值得的)”最能概括全文主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。
8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍双关语的定义、类型、历史发展及人们对它的态度变化。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Language is nt just a tl fr cmmunicatin; it’s als a playgrund fr the mind. English, in particular, is famus fr its rich vcabulary and influence frm many different languages, which prvides a great basis fr creativity and humr.语言不仅仅是交流的工具，它也是思维的乐园。英语尤其以其丰富的词汇量和受多种不同语言的影响而闻名，这为创造力和幽默感奠定了良好基础)”可知，语言具有创造性和趣味性。故选D项。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hmgraphic puns use wrds that are spelled the same but have different meanings and smetimes different prnunciatins(同形双关语使用拼写相同但含义不同、有时发音不同的单词)”，“Time flies like an arrw; fruit flies like a banana.”中“flies”和“like”均为同形不同义，属于同形双关。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“During the Victrian Era, strict scial nrms prmted the use f puns, as they allwed peple t cmment n issues cleverly while aviding directness.(在维多利亚时代，严格的社会规范推动了双关语的使用，因为它们能让人们巧妙地评论问题，同时避免直白表达。)”可知，维多利亚时代使用双关语是为了间接表达观点。故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Peple’s pinins f puns have changed thrughut histry. Once seen as a sign f cleverness, puns were smetimes lked dwn n as lw-level humr. Hwever, in recent years, they’ve regained ppularity(历史上人们对双关语的看法一直在变。双关语曾被视为聪明的象征，有时又被贬低为低级幽默。然而近年来，它们重新流行起来)”可知，本段主要讲双关语受欢迎程度的起伏变化。故选A项。
12．A 13．C 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是议论文。文章围绕“文化冲击”展开论述，提出“文化冲击可成为成长契机”的核心论点。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Little d they knw, this is the very stage where true grwth takes rt — it pushes us ut f ur czy cmfrt znes and makes us questin the fixed cultural ideas we’ve always taken fr granted.(他们未必明白，正是在这个阶段，真正的成长才得以生根发芽——它迫使我们走出舒适区，让我们开始质疑那些我们一直习以为常的固定文化观念)”可知，挫折期是个人成长的关键阶段，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“When surrunded by different custms — whether in hw peple cmmunicate, g abut their daily lives, r view the wrld — we’re frced t lk at ur wn cultural habits frm a new perspective.(当身处各种不同的文化环境之中——无论是人们的交流方式、日常生活方式，还是看待世界的方式——我们就会被迫以全新的视角审视自己所固有的文化习惯)”可知，身处不同文化习俗中会迫使人们从新视角审视自己的文化习惯，由此可推断跨文化经历能帮助人们更好地理解本民族文化，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段“But when apprached with the right mindset, this seemingly tugh experience can turn int a precius learning jurney, nurturing persnal grwth and deepening ur understanding f different cultures.(但若以正确的心态去面对，这种看似艰难的经历便能转变为宝贵的学习之旅，促进个人成长，并加深我们对不同文化的理解)”以及最后一段“In a wrld that celebrates cultural diversity, culture shck is n lnger a threat t be avided. Instead, it’s a gateway t grwth and becming a true glbal citizen. Thse wh embrace it, rather than shrink frm it, will find themselves better able t thrive in ur diverse and ever-changing wrld.(在一个崇尚文化多样性的世界里，文化冲击不再是一种需要避免的威胁。相反，它成为了一扇通向成长和成为真正全球公民的门。那些勇于接受它而非逃避它的人，将会发现自己在我们这个多元且不断变化的世界中能够更好地生存和发展)”可知，作者对文化冲击是积极态度，故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But when apprached with the right mindset, this seemingly tugh experience can turn int a precius learning jurney, nurturing persnal grwth and deepening ur understanding f different cultures.(但若以正确的心态去面对，这种看似艰难的经历便能转变为宝贵的学习之旅，促进个人成长，并加深我们对不同文化的理解)”结合全文围绕“文化冲击并非威胁，而是促进个人成长的契机”展开，B选项“拥抱文化冲击，成就个人成长”最符合文章标题，故选B。
16．G 17．D 18．E 19．B 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长如何通过以身作则、制定规则、尊重理解、培养日常习惯等方法，教育孩子尊重和善待动物，培养孩子的同情心与责任感。
16．根据前文“Shw them the prper way t apprach and interact with animals.(向他们展示接近动物和与动物互动的正确方式)”可知，空前强调要示范正确做法；结合空后“This teaches respect fr the animal’s cmfrt zne.(这教会（孩子）要尊重动物的舒适区)”可知，空处需指明“this”指代的内容，选项G“When encuntering a nervus animal, ask kids t bserve quietly rather than chase it.(当遇到紧张的动物时，让孩子安静观察而不是追赶它)”具体说明了正确的做法，能够承接上文，衔接下文。故选G。
17．根据前文“Children may nt knw exactly hw t behave arund animals.(孩子可能不知道在动物身边该如何表现)”和后文 “Explain that animals are nt tys (解释动物不是玩具)”可知，空前指出孩子不懂如何做，空后开始具体解释；选项D“It is better t shw them what t d instead f simply saying “dn’t.”(最好给他们示范该做什么，而不是只说“不要这么做”)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
18．根据前文“Teach yur child t recgnize when an animal wants t be left alne — such as when it mves away, hides, r makes an unhappy sund.(教你的孩子识别动物什么时候不想被打扰—— 比如当它躲开、躲藏或发出不舒服的声音时)”可知，空前讲的是教孩子识别动物的情绪和信号；选项E“This knwledge is useful fr interacting with bth animals and peple.(这些知识对于与动物和人交往都很有用)”是对这种能力的总结与升华。故选E。
19．根据后文“Fr example, if yu find an insect indrs, yu might calmly capture and release it utside instead f killing it.(例如，如果你在室内发现一只昆虫，你可以平静地抓住它并把它放到外面，而不是杀死它)”可知，空后用日常小事举例说明如何培养爱心；选项B“Sympathy can als be develped thrugh daily habits.(同情心也可以通过日常习惯来培养)”能够总领本段内容。故选B。
20．根据前文“Remember that building a psitive relatinship between children and animals takes time and patience.(记住，在孩子和动物之间建立积极的关系需要时间和耐心)”可知，空前强调这是一个长期过程；选项F“Over time, these small lessns cntribute t a lifelng respect fr animals.(随着时间的推移，这些小小的教育会造就对动物终身的尊重)”承接上文，强调长期坚持的结果。故选F。
21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一位父亲因一次徒步后体力不支，决心减肥并成功蜕变，还以此激励他人的经历。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位40岁的父亲在和孩子们徒步旅行后，经历了一个令人惊讶的变化。A. experienced经历；B. admired钦佩；C. prevented阻止；D. imprved改善。根据后文“Befre Jeremiah Petersn lked like a supermdel, he weighed 290 punds”可知，彼得森从超级胖变成超模，由此可知，他经历了体型上的变化。故选A项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年，他和家人一起徒步旅行后，意识到自己在这项活动中很快就会感到疲惫，于是下定决心减肥。A. lucky幸运的；B. hnred荣幸的；C. careful小心的；D. determined下定决心的。根据后文“TThe dad frm Missula, Mntana then ________ himself t get int shape.”可知，他下定决心要健身塑形。故选D项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，他和家人一起徒步旅行后，意识到自己在这项活动中很快就会感到疲惫，于是下定决心减肥。A. diet饮食；B. hike徒步旅行；C. prgram项目；D. prject计划。根据前文“after a hike with his kids”可知，他是和家人进行了一次徒步旅行。故选B项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年，他和家人一起徒步旅行后，意识到自己在这项活动中很快就会感到疲惫，于是下定决心减肥。A. free自由的；B. prud自豪的；C. tired疲惫的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据后文“I fund myself running ut f breath”可知，他在徒步中会气喘吁吁，感到十分疲惫。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得森在社交媒体上写道：“我唯一能记得的一件事就是，有一个念头在我脑海里反复浮现：我发现自己上气不接下气，比我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子还先需要休息。”A. change改变；B. recgnize认出；C. prepare准备；D. remember记得。根据后文“ne thing that kept playing in my head ver and ver again”可知，他记得当时脑海里反复出现的念头。故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得森在社交媒体上写道：“我唯一能记得的一件事就是，有一个念头在我脑海里反复浮现：我发现自己上气不接下气，比我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子还先需要休息。”A. breaks休息；B. turns转弯；C. phts照片；D. ntes笔记。根据前文“running ut f breath”可知，他气喘吁吁，需要停下来休息，take breaks为固定搭配，意为“休息”。故选A项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，这位来自蒙大拿州米苏拉市的父亲下定决心要健身塑形。A. attracted吸引；B. set设定、决心；C. advised建议；D. wished希望。根据后文“Therefre, he started by giving up drinking and ________ a balanced diet.”可知，他开始采取行动健身，set neself t d sth. 意为“下定决心做某事”，符合语境。故选B项。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒和坚持均衡饮食开始。A. living up t不辜负；B. insisting n坚持；C. getting acrss使理解；D. agreeing n达成一致。根据前文“get int shape”以及后文“a strict diet”可知，他为了塑形坚持均衡饮食。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：连续五个月，他每天都会徒步两小时，再花一小时在健身房锻炼。A. wait等待；B. waste浪费；C. spend花费；D. expect期待。根据后文“ne mre hur at the gym”可知，他每天会在健身房花费一小时锻炼，spend time at sp. 意为“在某地花费时间”，符合语境。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过150天的严格节食和大量运动，彼得森减掉了92磅。A. equipment设备；B. cnsideratin考虑；C. attentin注意力；D. exercise运动。根据前文“hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym”可知，他除了节食，还进行了大量的运动。故选D项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，现在他可以一口气跑完那条曾经让他筋疲力尽的徒步小径。A. nn-stp不间断地；B. suddenly突然地；C. alud大声地；D. tgether一起。根据前文“Befre Jeremiah Petersn lked like a supermdel, he weighed 290 punds”可知，彼得森减肥成功，结合后文“that nce made him extremely tired”可知，现在他体力变好，可以不间断地跑完徒步小径。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得森现在用自己的故事和健身知识来指导和激励社交媒体上近10万名粉丝，但他说，孩子们才是他成功的真正原因。A. please取悦；B. cmpare比较；C. frce强迫；D. encurage激励。根据前文“uses his stry and fitness knwledge t cach”可知，他用自己的经历来指导和激励他人。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得森现在用自己的故事和健身知识来指导和激励社交媒体上近10万名粉丝，但他说，孩子们才是他成功的真正原因。A. reasn原因；B. purpse目的；C. hpe希望；D. need需要。根据后文“Finding yur reasn is ________if yu want t achieve success in life,”可知，此处指他成功的真正原因是孩子们。故选A项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在一篇帖子中写道：“如果你想在生活中取得成功，找到自己的动力是必不可少的。”A. simple简单的；B. necessary必要的；C. persnal个人的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“If yu dn’t have a strng reasn behind yur _______ , yu are less likely t get the results.”可知，有动力是取得成功的必要条件。故选B项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的行动背后没有强大的动力，你就不太可能得到想要的结果。A. achievements成就；B. imaginatins想象；C. actins行动；D. cnditins条件。根据前文“Therefre, he started by giving up drinking and _______ a balanced diet.”以及“hike fr tw hurs and spend ne mre hur at the gym”等一系列减肥具体行动可知，此处指的是支撑这些行为的动力，actins符合语境。故选C项。
36．was filled 37．t 38．learning 39．that/which 40．strangers 41．and 42．the 43．t brrw 44．curisity 45．slwly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回顾了自己进入高中第一天发生的事情。
36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：高中生活一开始，我的心里就充满了紧张和兴奋。根据时间状语The mment my senir high schl started可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且主语my heart与fill之间是被动关系，be filled with为固定短语，意为“充满”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用was filled。故填was filled。
37．考查介词。句意：我知道我必须逐渐适应我人生中这个充满挑战但又充满希望的阶段。get used t为固定短语，意为“习惯于”，t为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，所以此处用t。故填t。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：老师，夏老师，带着温暖的微笑迎接我们，并鼓励我们探索新的学习方法。空前为介词f，所以此处应用动名词形式作宾语，learn的动名词为learning。故填learning。
39．考查定语从句。句意：她提出了一个计划，其中包括创意作品和小组讨论。此处为定语从句，先行词是a plan，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that / which。
40．考查名词复数。句意：虽然一开始我们是陌生人，但他们友好的态度让我感到受欢迎。根据主语we可知，此处应用名词复数形式，stranger的复数为strangers，意为“陌生人”。故填strangers。
41．考查连词。句意：我们分享了我们的爱好，并谈论了我们对未来的梦想，我知道我们很多人都想尽自己最大的努力。“shared ur hbbies”与“talked abut what ur dreams fr the future were”是并列关系，都描述作者和同学们在课间做的事情，所以用and连接。故填and。
42．考查冠词。句意：下午，我们参观了学校图书馆和实验室。in the afternn为固定短语，意为“在下午”，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：图书管理员向我们展示了如何借书和还书。“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构在句中可作宾语，此处hw t brrw and return bks作shwed的宾语。故填t brrw。
44．考查名词。句意：一天结束时，我最初的焦虑变成了好奇。根据空前的介词int可知，此处应用名词形式，curius的名词为curisity，意为“好奇”。故填curisity。
45．考查副词。句意：这第一天给我留下了深刻的印象。这不仅仅是关于新课本或日程安排，这是一个慢慢发现我潜力的旅程的开始。此处修饰动词discver，应用副词形式，slw的副词为slwly，意为“慢慢地”。故填slwly。
46．例文
Dear Allen,
I’m thrilled t hear abut yur plans t travel during the Spring Festival. I highly recmmend visiting Xi’an, an ancient city in China that is rich in histry and culture.
Xi’an is the starting pint f the Silk Rad and hme t the famus Terractta Army f Emperr Qin Shi Huang. Additinally, Xi’an is knwn fr its delicius lcal cuisine, such as the famus Xi’an ndles and the variety f street fd.
The Spring Festival in Xi’an is a time f vibrant celebratins with clrful lanterns and traditinal perfrmances, making it an unfrgettable experience. I believe yu’ll find the blend f ancient histry and mdern vibrancy in Xi’an truly captivating.
I hpe yu enjy yur trip!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国朋友Allen回邮件，为其春节期间出游推荐一座中国城市，并说明推荐理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
充满的：rich in→abundant in
著名的：famus→well-knwn
热闹的：vibrant→lively
迷人的：captivating→fascinating
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Xi’an is the starting pint f the Silk Rad and hme t the famus Terractta Army f Emperr Qin Shi Huang.
拓展句：Xi’an, which is the starting pint f the Silk Rad, is hme t the famus Terractta Army f Emperr Qin Shi Huang.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I highly recmmend visiting Xi’an, an ancient city in China that is rich in histry and culture.（运用了that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Xi’an）
【高分句型2】The Spring Festival in Xi’an is a time f vibrant celebratins with clrful lanterns and traditinal perfrmances, making it an unfrgettable experience.（运用了现在分词短语作结果状语）
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
A
B
D
C
C
D
A
D
C
B
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
A
A
C
C
B
G
D
E
B
F
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
D
B
C
D
A
B
B
C
D
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
A
D
A
B
C