【英语】黑龙江省哈尔滨2025-2026学年高一下学期开学试题（学生版+解析版）

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第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Richard Hsfrd fulfilled an ambitin f funding a music festival in his hme cunty in 1991. Richard said, “At that time, my aim was t create a festival with an infrmal atmsphere and the highest pssible artistic standards.”
The festival was first planned in Cann Ray Nichls. The Gaudier Ensemble (乐团), f which Richard is a member, has returned each year t perfrm a wide range f chamber music (室内乐) at the festival. Richard said, “Over many years we have built a special relatinship with ur audience. Teaching and encuraging a lve f music are imprtant elements f the festival, which has always included a cncert fr children, and nw runs classes fr prmising yung lcal musicians. Arriving frm acrss Eurpe, the members f the Ensemble stay with hsts in the village and enjy making music with ld friends in the wnderful St. Mary’s Church.”
The event is nw an established favrite n the Suth West music festival scene and this year will mark its 25th year with a prgramme that includes pieces by Mzart, Francaix, Schubert and Bruch frm Dec 9 t Dec 12. There will als be a late-night cncert f light American gems by Gershwin, a family cncert and a new cmmissin by pet and bradcaster James Crwden and Lillie Harris frm the Ryal Cllege f Music. The festival will als welcme a grup f recent Ryal Cllege f Music students wh will perfrm alngside the Gaudier Ensemble at sme cncerts and wrk with talented lcal musical yungsters.
Fr mre infrmatin abut the festival, visit Bking frms are als available at lcal turist infrmatin centres r by calling 07527 528673.
1. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. The infrmatin abut the music festival.B. The infrmatin abut musicians.
C. The infrmatin abut Richard Hsfrd.D. The infrmatin abut the cncert.
2. When can peple enjy the music f Schubert?
A. On Dec 3.B. On Dec 8.C. On Dec 10.D. On Dec 16.
3. Hw can we get mre infrmatin abut the festival?
A. By ging t the lcal turist infrmatin centers.B. By calling 07527 528673.
C. By visiting D. By ging t the festival directly.
B
Jenifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin(学费), because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jenifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t earn her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. ''Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,'' she says. Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that's pretty pwerful.
4. What did Jennifer d after high schl?
A. She helped her dad with his wrk.
B. She ran the family farm n her wn.
C. She supprted herself thrugh cllege.
D. She taught her sisters and brthers at hme.
5. Why did Jennifer chse the prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield?
A. T take care f her kids easily.B. T learn frm the best nurses.
C. T save mney fr her parents.D. T find a well-paid jb there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice t achieve her gal?
A. Her health.B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputatin.D. Her chance f prmtin.
7. What can we learn frm Jenifer's stry?
A. Time is mney.B. Lve breaks dwn barriers.
C. Hard wrk pays ff.D. Educatin is the key t success.
C
When babies are expsed t a variety f faces, they becme mre adept in recgnizing and appreciating diversity, which can help reduce biases and prejudices as they grw. This is accrding t neurscientist Saskia Kch f the Dnders Institute and Radbud University.
Kch cnducted her research using data frm the Nijmegen lngitudinal study. This study fllws yung peple frm infancy (婴儿期). First, the researchers lked at hw frequently the teenagers had attended day care as babies. Then, the same yungsters were assigned the duty f playing a game when they reached the age f 17. In the game, they had t wrk with anther persn they culdn’t see. Bth players had the same gal: find an bject n a gamebard. Only the 17-year-ld knew where the item was. The 17-year-lds had t cmmunicate this lcatin t each ther withut using wrds. They had t design cmmunicative patterns that wuld assist the ther persn in lcating the bject. This culd be accmplished, fr example, by perfrming specific mvements.
The 17-year-lds were infrmed they were playing with a 5-year-ld in ne game and an adult in anther, despite the fact that it was the same individual each time. Initially, the 17- year-lds adjusted their cmmunicative patterns when they thught they were interacting with the child by placing mre emphasis n their mvements. Hw quickly they abandned this pattern depended n hw much time they spent in day care. 17-year-lds wh had cme int cntact with many different peple as infants were mre likely t get ver a steretype (刻板印象). They fund ut in the interactin that the “child” was als very gd and then based their play n that.
Accrding t the researcher this means that babies wh have had mre diverse scial interactins can mre easily let g f a steretype later in life. They are mre sensitive t scial interactin and can mre quickly let g f the image they have in their minds f their peers. Kch says, “Gaining many diverse scial experiences early in life allws us t adapt better t the needs f ur partners in scial interactin.”
8. What des the underlined wrd “adept” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Frgetful.B. Skillful.C. Interested.D. Disappinted.
9. What was the purpse f the game in the study?
A. T cnfirm the data frm the Nijmegen study.
B. T test the impacts f early scial interactins.
C. T enhance the yungsters’ cperative ability.
D. T assess the effects f cmmunicative patterns.
10. Hw did the 17-year-lds first respnd t the “child” in the game?
A. They changed their fixed idea f a child.B. They adjusted the time spent n the game.
C. They perfrmed mre specific mvements.D. They emplyed verbal interactive patterns.
11. What helps babies with future scial cntacts accrding t Kch?
A. Interacting with varius peple.B. Engaging with diverse peers.
C. Adapting t the needs f partners.D. Letting g f the ld images.
D
Each year, ver 1.2 billin new smartphnes are prduced wrldwide. This nt nly cnsumes significant energy and natural resurces but als results in large amunts f electrnic waste, as users ften replace functinal devices every few years. T address this issue, researchers have develped a new apprach-transfrming ld phnes int small-scale data centers fr practical applicatins.
“Innvatin ften begins nt with smething new, but with a new way f thinking abut the ld,” said Huber, an assciate prfessr. The research team demnstrated that utdated smartphnes can be transfrmed int tiny data centers capable f prcessing and string data fr real-wrld applicatins. They als fund that building such a data center nly csts arund 8 eurs per device, making it an ecnmical slutin.
In their experiment, the scientists carefully remved the batteries t prevent chemical leakage and cnnected fur ld phnes using 3D-printed cases. The system was pwered externally and tested in practical envirnments. One successful trial f the new apprach invlved underwater sea life mnitring, where the device autmatically recrded and analyzed sea species. Tasks that nce required divers can nw be handled directly by the device underwater.
These reused devices shw prmise in ther areas as well. Fr example, they culd be applied at bus stps t mnitr passenger flw patterns and help urban planners adjust public transprtatin schedules and rutes. This apprach nt nly reduces e-waste but als supprts sustainable digital slutins fr mdern cmmunities.
“This smart, green apprach rethinks ur thrwaway tech culture. Sustainability is nt just abut preserving the future but als abut reimagining the present, turning yesterday’s devices int tmrrw’s slutins,” added Ulrich, an Assciate Prfessr f Sftware Engineering. With minimal investment and creative thinking, utdated technlgy can serve new purpses, cntributing t a greener digital sciety while effectively addressing the grwing prblem f electrnic waste.
12. Which f the fllwing best describes the new apprach in paragraph 2?
A. Time-saving.B. Cst-effectiveC. User-friendly.D. Labr-intensive.
13. What was a successful applicatin f the new apprach?
A. Assisting divers in recrding sea animals.B. Prducing 3D-printed cases fr cean use
C. Mnitring underwater life independently.D. Supplying pwer t underwater equipment.
14. What can we infer abut the reused devices frm paragraph 4?
A. They predict the city traffic patterns.B. They infrm passengers f bus arrivals.
C. They help with smart city managementD. They assess the wrk f urban planners.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Glbal Smartphne Waste PrblemB. A Green Slutin: Repurpsing Old Phnes
C. An Ec-Digital Guide: Electrnic EngineeringD. The Sustainability f Smart City Develpment
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Jin the Friends and find the place that’s right fr yu
●Wh are the Friends f the University Art Museum?
Friends are ur neighbrs frm the lcal cmmunities and beynd. They are families, students, schlars, and alumni (校友). ___16___. Friends are united by a shared lve fr the arts and fr the university, and by a desire t be part f a cultural cmmunity. Friends are interested and active in the life f the Art Museum. Friends are art lvers-just like yu.
● ___17___?
As a Friend, yur membership prvides essential annual supprt t help sustain the cntinued excellence and diversity f the Museum’s educatinal prgrams. By jining the Friends, yu help t guarantee that the Museum remains a welcming place f shared enrichment fr all visitrs t experience, t enjy, and t lve.
●What benefits d members f the Friends enjy?
___18___. When yu becme a Friend f the University Art Museum, yu als becme part f a great traditin. Nt nly will yu be actively participating in the life f the Museum, but yu als will receive special pprtunities t share yur lve f art with ther like-minded individuals. ___19___, and they get invitatins t exhibitin penings, lectures, travel pprtunities, and lively scial gatherings.
●Hw d I jin the Friends?
Becming a Friend is easy. ___20___, return it with yur annual membership fee in the attached envelpe, and begin enjying yur benefits immediately. If yu prefer, yu may jin nline at artmuseum. edu/supprt/becme-a-member, r when yu visit the Museum Stre.
A. Why des membership matter
B. Hw can I learn abut the Friends
C. Simply cmplete the membership frm
D. Yu can then see the full range f Friends benefits
E. Friends membership is yur entry t many pprtunities
F. Friends receive a subscriptin t the Museum’s quarterly magazine
G. Friends are peple f all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrunds
第三部分 英语知识运用(共三节，满55分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We live in Cleveland, Ohi, near a highway exit. Over the years, many tired travelers have stpped at ur dr, asking fr small ____21____: a phne call, a glass f water, r simply directins. All have been ____22____ t me. Each time, I’ve had t weigh the ____23____.
One summer evening a few years ag, as the sky darkened, an ____24____ wman std weakly at ur drway. She leaned against the screen dr (纱窗门) t ____25____ it pen. Thrugh the windw, I culd see the utline f her head. She clearly needed ____26____. The questin filled my mind: “What shuld I d?” This wasn’t the first time I’d faced such a difficult ____27____.
In tday’s wrld, we’re ften tld t be cautius. It is believed that helping strangers is ____28____ and may risk terrible cnsequences. News stries ____29____ that kind peple ften end up as victims. There is n dubt that thse are true stries, but the lessn _____30_____ with my heart. Smetimes ding the right thing requires _____31_____. Shuld we fear everyne we dn’t knw? Is persnal _____32_____ always the nly thing that _____33_____?
Our hme’s lcatin ften frces me t make difficult chices. _____34_____ the travelers in need has its wn cst-nt just t them, but t me. I’d rather risk a little than live with _____35_____. I’d rather chse kindness than let fear rule me.
S when I saw the wman trembling n my step, I knew my answer. I pened the dr.
21. A. gesturesB. kindnessesC. chancesD. changes
22. A. strangersB. driversC. friendsD. guides
23. A. advantagesB. strengthsC. risksD. evidence
24. A. unfamiliarB. ptimisticC. elegantD. intelligent
25. A. frceB. blwC. knckD. hld
26. A. waterB. helpC. lveD. rescue
27. A. passengerB. pprtunityC. answerD. chice
28. A. unwiseB. unbearableC. safeD. dd
29. A. cmmentB. meanC. warnD. infrm
30. A. clicksB. mixesC. sinksD. cnflicts
31. A. patienceB. rewardC. curageD. luck
32. A. happinessB. healthC. achievementD. safety
33. A. mattersB. appliesC. favrsD. ccurs
34. A. Bringing upB. Turning awayC. Reaching frD. Cheering up
35. A. disabilityB. illnessC. guiltD. curisity
第二节 用单词的适当形式完成句子(共25小题;每小题1分，满分25分)
36. It is ________ (legal) fr bys f that yung age t drink alchl in America. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37. The cmputer that I bught several years ag nw still ________ (ensure) my wrk cnveniently and easily. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38. We bth became absrbed ________ the simplicity f playing tgether. (用适当的词填空)
39. It’s really ________ (anny) when a flight is late and there’s n reasnable explanatin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40. The man bught a beautifully ________ (design) pian that blends with any style f furniture. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. I pretended ________ (believe) him and helped him rganize the cntest. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42. T help students deal with their mental prblems, we will hld a lecture ________ (deliver) by a prfessr frm the UK. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. Officials said there were n________ (survive)f the plane crash. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. Yuths are wrking hard and ________ (creative) t prtect a temple in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45. Many peple, sme f ________are nt verweight, are ging n a diet. （用适当的词填空）
46. Our teeth need brushing every day in rder t prtect them frm ________ (attack) by viruses. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. I really believe that it is pssible t bth imprve custmers’ ________ (satisfy) and reduce cst. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Plice are lking fr a small blue car with the ________ (register) number B34-ACS. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. His ____________ (cnfuse) lk shwed that he didn't knw what t d next. (单词的适当形式填空)
50. I wish yu’d quit ________ (cmplain) and wrked harder than befre. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. My friend recmmended that I ________ (fllw) the teacher’s advice. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. Befre the festival cmes, everyne will d sme cleaning, hping they can sweep ________ the bad luck. (用适当的词填空)
53. This is the secnd time in ten years that a majr earthquake ________ (strike) this regin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. That is the new machine ______ parts are t small t be seen.
55. The symptms f flu may be unpleasant, but they ________ (disappear) within a few days. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. The wman, tears in her eyes, saw her sn wh ________ (injure) and sent int the peratin rm. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. Finally he reached an abandned island _________was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.
58. His actin was interpreted as a ________ (threaten) t the cmmunity. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. The little girl picked many leaves, ________ (intend) t feed her baby silkwrms. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. Befre chices are finalized, parents/carers will be asked t sign ________ (cnfirm) their child’s chices. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第三节 用单词的适当形式完成短文(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The plar bear is fund in the Arctic Circle and sme big land masses as far suth as Newfundland. While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult t figure ut a glbal ppulatin f plar bears as much f the range has been ___62___(pr) studied; hwever, bilgists calculate that there are abut 20,000-25,000 plar bears wrldwide.
Mdern methds ___63___ tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area. In recent years sme Inuit peple in Nunavut ___65___(reprt) increases in bear sightings arund human settlements, leading t a ___66___(believe) that ppulatins are increasing. Scientists have respnded by ___67___(nte) that hungry bears may be cngregating(聚集) arund human settlements, leading t the illusin(错觉) that ppulatins are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six ____70____(be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
第四部分 写作(满分15分)
71. 你校英文报计划举办主题为“携手行动，节约粮食”的作文比赛。请你写一则活动通知，内容包括：
(1)介绍活动目的；
(2)说明参赛要求。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Welcme t Jin the English Writing Cmpetitin
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