高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷7 情态动词 导学案含答案

这是一份高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷7 情态动词 导学案含答案，共10页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
情态动词加完成体是高考语法填空和完形填空的高频考点。近三年真题侧重考查在具体语境中区分不同情态动词所表示的推测程度、虚拟意味或过去未实现的遗憾/责备。
1. 表示推测（语气强度递减）：
● must have dne：过去一定做过某事（肯定推测，语气最强）
● may/might have dne：过去可能做过某事（might语气更委婉）
● culd have dne：过去可能做过某事（也可表示“本来能够做而没做”）
● can't/culdn't have dne：过去不可能做过某事（否定推测）
2. 表示虚拟/遗憾/责备/未实现：
● shuld/ught t have dne：本应该做而没做（责备、遗憾）
● shuldn't/ught nt t have dne：本不该做而做了（责备）
● needn't have dne：本不必做而做了（多余）
● culd have dne：本来能够做而没做（遗憾、未利用机会）
● wuld have dne：本来会做而没做（常用于虚拟条件句主句）
● might have dne：本来可能做而没做（遗憾）
3. 解题关键： 根据语境判断是对过去的推测，还是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟/遗憾。注意时间状语（yesterday, last week, at that time等）和上下文逻辑（是否表示责备、遗憾、庆幸）。

题型：语法填空（每空填情态动词+动词适当形式）
【语篇一 · 旅行奇遇】
I can't find my passprt. I ①________ (leave) it at the htel. But I remember putting it in my bag. I ②________ (put) it smewhere else. Oh, here it is! I ③________ (wrry) s much. My friend said, “Yu ④________ (be) mre careful. This is the secnd time yu've lst smething.” I replied, “I knw. I ⑤________ (check) befre leaving.” He added, “We ⑥________ (miss) the flight if we dn't hurry.” Luckily, we arrived n time. Lking back, we ⑦________ (chse) a later flight, but this ne was cheaper. The flight attendant asked, “Yu ⑧________ (like) sme water?” I ndded. Later, I thught, “I really ⑨________ (bk) a windw seat.” The view was amazing. My friend said, “Yu ⑩________ (take) mre phts.” But my phne was dead. I ⑪________ (charge) it last night. After landing, we realized we ⑫________ (take) a taxi, but the bus was cheaper. Overall, it was a gd trip, thugh we ⑬________ (plan) better. I ⑭________ (lse) my passprt in the airprt, but thankfully I fund it. What a relief! I ⑮________ (panic) if I hadn't fund it.
①________ ②________ ③________ ④________ ⑤________ ⑥________ ⑦________ ⑧________ ⑨________ ⑩________ ⑪________ ⑫________ ⑬________ ⑭________ ⑮________
【语篇二 · 职场反思】
Lking back at my first jb, I realize I ⑯________ (make) sme mistakes. I ⑰________ (listen) t my bss mre carefully. But I was yung and stubbrn. I ⑱________ (ask) fr help when I was stuck. Instead, I struggled alne. My clleague nce said, “Yu ⑲________ (take) that training curse. It wuld have helped.” But I didn't. Nw I think I ⑳________ (accept) the prmtin when it was ffered. I turned it dwn because I lacked cnfidence. I ㉑________ (d) a great jb if I had tried. My frmer bss tld me, “Yu ㉒________ (nt be) s hard n yurself. Everyne makes mistakes.” He was right. I ㉓________ (wrry) t much abut small things. Smetimes I ㉔________ (handle) situatins better. But I've learned a lt. Nw, if a similar situatin ccurs, I ㉕________ (react) differently. I ㉖________ (realize) earlier that grwth cmes frm failure. My current jb is better; I ㉗________ (nt find) it if I hadn't left the ld ne. I ㉘________ (thank) my frmer bss fr his advice. He ㉙________ (influence) me mre than I knew. I ㉚________ (send) him a thank-yu nte. I'll d it tday.
⑯________ ⑰________ ⑱________ ⑲________ ⑳________ ㉑________ ㉒________ ㉓________ ㉔________ ㉕________ ㉖________ ㉗________ ㉘________ ㉙________ ㉚________
【语篇三 · 考试之后】
The exam was ver. I thught I ㉛________ (d) better. Sme questins were tricky. I ㉜________ (study) that chapter mre thrughly. My friend said, “Yu ㉝________ (panic) during the test. It affected yur perfrmance.” She was right. I ㉞________ (stay) calm. I ㉟________ (review) my ntes ne mre time in the mrning. But I didn't. Nw I regret it. My teacher said, “Yu ㊱________ (nt wrry) t much. Yu prbably did fine.” I hpe she's right. I ㊲________ (misread) a few questins. I ㊳________ (ask) the invigilatr fr clarificatin. But I was t nervus. Lking back, I ㊴________ (spend) mre time n the essay sectin. I rushed thrugh it. I ㊵________ (rganize) my thughts better. Anyway, what's dne is dne. I ㊶________ (nt think) abut it t much. I ㊷________ (start) preparing fr the next exam already. My parents said, “Yu ㊸________ (be) mre cnfident. Yu have the ability.” They are right. I ㊹________ (believe) in myself mre. Next time, I will. I ㊺________ (achieve) a gd scre if I keep wrking hard.
㉛________ ㉜________ ㉝________ ㉞________ ㉟________ ㊱________ ㊲________ ㊳________ ㊴________ ㊵________ ㊶________ ㊷________ ㊸________ ㊹________ ㊺________
【语篇四 · 家庭轶事】
Yesterday, my brther lst his keys. He ㊻________ (leave) them at wrk. But he thught he ㊼________ (drp) them smewhere in the huse. We searched everywhere. I said, “Yu ㊽________ (put) them in yur jacket pcket.” He checked, and there they were! He ㊾________ (waste) an hur lking. I jked, “Yu ㊿________ (be) mre rganized.” He laughed. Then he remembered that he 51.________ (lck) the dr this mrning. He said, “I 52.________ (nt frget) them at wrk.” I replied, “Yu 53.________ (check) yur pcket first.” Later, mm said, “Yu tw 54.________ (argue) less.” She was right. We 55.________ (help) each ther instead. In the end, we laughed abut it. My brther said, “I 56.________ (buy) yu a cffee t say thanks.” I said, “Yu 57.________ (nt d) that, but it's a nice thught.” He 58.________ (be) mre careful in the future. I hpe s. We 59.________ (lse) mre time if we hadn't fund them. It was a lessn: we 60.________ (think) befre panicking.
㊻________ ㊼________ ㊽________ ㊾________ ㊿________ 51.________ 52.________ 53.________ 54.________ 55.________ 56.________ 57.________ 58.________ 59.________ 60.________
【语篇五 · 体育比赛】
Our team lst the final match. We 61.________ (win) if we had practiced mre. The cach said, “Yu 62.________ (fcus) mre n defense.” He was right. Our ppnents 63.________ (study) ur tactics. They played brilliantly. I 64.________ (scre) a gal in the first half, but I missed. I 65.________ (pass) the ball t my teammate instead. After the match, we felt disappinted. We 66.________ (d) better. But we learned a lt. The fans cheered fr us anyway. They 67.________ (expect) a win, but they still supprted us. Our captain said, “We 68.________ (nt give up). Next year we'll win.” I believe him. We 69.________ (train) harder frm nw n. I 70.________ (imprve) my skills already. If we keep wrking, we 71.________ (succeed) next time. We 72.________ (lse) tday, but we gained experience. We 73.________ (feel) wrse if we hadn't tried ur best. But we did. S we 74.________ (be) prud. The jurney cntinues.
61.________ 62.________ 63.________ 64.________ 65.________ 66.________ 67.________ 68.________ 69.________ 70.________ 71.________ 72.________ 73.________ 74.________
【语篇六 · 日常生活】
This mrning, I wke up late. I 75.________ (set) an alarm. But I frgt. I 76.________ (miss) the bus, s I was late fr wrk. My bss said, “Yu 77.________ (call) t let us knw.” I aplgized. I 78.________ (leave) hme earlier. On my way, I realized I 79.________ (bring) my lunch. I left it n the kitchen table. I 80.________ (buy) lunch instead. It was an expensive day. Tmrrw, I will be mre careful.
75.________ 76.________ 77.________ 78.________ 79.________ 80.________
参考答案与
① must have left ② might have put ③ needn't have wrried ④ shuld have been ⑤ shuld have checked ⑥ might have missed ⑦ culd have chsen ⑧ might have liked ⑨ might have missed ⑩ shuld have taken ⑪ shuld have charged ⑫ culd have taken ⑬ culd have planned ⑭ culd have lst ⑮ wuld have panicked
⑯ might have made ⑰ shuld have listened ⑱ shuld have asked ⑲ shuld have taken ⑳ shuld have accepted ㉑ culd have dne ㉒ shuldn't be ㉓ might have wrried ㉔ culd have handled ㉕ will react ㉖ shuld have realized ㉗ wuldn't have fund ㉘ shuld thank ㉙ influenced ㉚ shuld send
㉛ culd have dne ㉜ shuld have studied ㉝ might have panicked ㉞ shuld have stayed ㉟ shuld have reviewed ㊱ shuldn't wrry ㊲ might have misread ㊳ shuld have asked ㊴ shuld have spent ㊵ culd have rganized ㊶ shuldn't think ㊷ shuld start ㊸ shuld be ㊹ shuld believe ㊺ will achieve
㊻ might have left ㊼ might have drpped ㊽ shuld have put ㊾ needn't have wasted ㊿ shuld be 51. must have lcked 52. culdn't have frgtten 53. shuld have checked 54. shuld argue 55. shuld have helped 56. will buy 57. needn't d 58. will be 59. wuld have lst 60. shuld think
61. culd have wn 62. shuld have fcused 63. must have studied 64. culd have scred 65. shuld have passed 66. culd have dne 67. might have expected 68. shuldn't give up 69. will train 70. have imprved 71. will succeed 72. lst 73. wuld have felt 74. shuld be 75. shuld have set 76. missed 77. shuld have called 78. shuld have left 79. shuld have brught 80. had t buy
一线教学提示： 引导学生先判断语境是“推测”还是“虚拟/遗憾”，再根据语气强弱选择合适的情态动词。注意must have dne只用于肯定推测，否定用can't have dne。needn't have dne与didn't need t d的区别（前者做了不必做的事，后者没做也不必做）。情态动词+have dne
功能
例句
must have dne
过去肯定推测
He must have arrived, fr the light is n.
may/might have dne
过去可能推测
She may have frgtten the meeting.
culd have dne
过去可能/本来能够
He culd have passed the exam (but he didn't study).
can't/culdn't have dne
过去不可能
He can't have stlen the mney; he's hnest.
shuld/ught t have dne
本应该做而没做
Yu shuld have tld me earlier.
shuldn't have dne
本不该做而做了
Yu shuldn't have said that.
needn't have dne
本不必做而做了
We needn't have hurried; the train was late.
wuld have dne
本来会做（虚拟主句）
If I had seen him, I wuld have tld him.
might have dne
本来可能做（遗憾）
Yu might have helped me.