高考英语二轮-梳理语法填空之三大从句（综合练）（重难专练）（全国通用）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-梳理语法填空之三大从句（综合练）（重难专练）（全国通用）（学生版），共15页。试卷主要包含了7%)等内容，欢迎下载使用。

考点一：考查名词性从句中的主语、宾语从句
1. (2024全国高考甲卷) On a cl, starry night in mid-September 1870, fur men relaxed befre a campfire alng the Firehle River in ______________ is nw nrthwestern Wyming.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。
2. As she wrked, I was amazed at hw such (a) bunch f flwers culd feel s special. surprised me mst was hw the hairstyle transfrmed my appearance.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：当她工作时，我被这样一束花竟然能让人感到如此特别而感到惊讶。最让我惊讶的是这种发型如何改变了我的外貌。“_____ surprised me mst”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“(让我惊讶的)事情”，用连接代词what引导从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
3. (2025高考北京卷) The truth, thugh, is culd be guessed — there’s never anyne else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet frest.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料——这里从来没有其他人。只有我、尼克和寂静的森林。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。
4. (原创) The undeniable fact ________________ AI has prfundly transfrmed ur daily lives pses bth unprecedented pprtunities and challenges fr mdern sciety.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：无可否认的事实——人工智能已深刻改变了我们的日常生活——给现代社会带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战。主句主语“The undeniable fact”之后需要接一个成分，来具体说明这个“事实”是什么。当一个成分完整的句子用来解释其前面抽象名词 (如fact, news, idea, belief等)的具体内容时，应使用同位语从句。故填that。
考点二：考查限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
5. (2024高考浙江1月卷) Of curse, shps are nt charities — they price gds in the way ____________ will make them the mst mney.
【答案】that / which
【解析】考查限制性定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构，它们会以能赚最多钱的方式定价商品。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少引导定语从句的关系代词，并在从句中作主语。先行词为 way，故应填 that / which。
6. (2025全国高考I卷) An exhibitin at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwrk inspired by G, r weiqi in Chinese, riginated in China mre than 4,000 years ag.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋 (中文称为“围棋”)，它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为G, r weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
7. (2025全国高考II卷)Yet nw, I live in the cuntryside f Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, bamb and tea bushes (灌木) grw wild in the muntains, chickens are always free-range, and (central) heating desn’t exist.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the cuntryside f Zhejiang, China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
8. (2024全国高考II卷) Chinese cultural elements cmmemrating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___ ___ is knwn as “the Shakespeare f Asia,” add an internatinal character t Stratfrd-upn-Avn, William Shakespeare’s hmetwn.
【答案】wh
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
考点三：考查状语从句
9. (2021全国高考乙卷) It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept the late 1980s.
【答案】until
【解析】考查状语从句引导词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才作为一种旅行概念被广泛接受。分析句子结构并结合前面的nt可知，本句是结构。连接“状态”和“时间点”的必须是表示“直到……才……”的连词 until。故填until。
10. (原创) ______________ the gvernment prvides adequate supprt, the new energy industry will achieve breakthrughs.
【答案】If
【解析】考查状语从句引导词。句意：只要政府提供充分的支持，新能源产业必将取得突破。空格后是一个完整的句子the gvernment prvides adequate supprt，而主句the new energy industry will achieve breakthrughs也是一个完整的句子。空格处需要一个引导从句的连词，连接这两个分句，构成逻辑关系。从句与主句之间是明显的条件-结果关系，即只有在这个条件下，主句的结果才会发生。故填If。
(建议用时：20分钟)
【类型一：名词性从句专练】
1. has a vivid imaginatin might be cnvinced f the existence f pwerful supervillains (超级反派).
2. The answer is t check that yur analysis f their bdy language matches with the persn says and hw they say it.
3. Researchers frm the University f Innsbruck had lng sught t explain Liangzhu was abandned, and the discvery f a thin layer f clay n the ruins suggested a pssible cnnectin between the ends f the advanced civilizatin (and) flds f the Yangtze River r flds frm the East China Sea.
4. This is the air is typically drier in the winter, and dry air desn’t cnduct electricity as well as mist air.
5. Thrugh his painting, he began t explre an artist culd express their innermst thughts and experiences thrugh their wrks.
6. The US Supreme Curt is expected t decide TikTk can cntinue perating in the cuntry befre the January 19 deadline.
7. (原创) My friend’s belief ________________ hard wrk always pays ff in the end has kept him ging thrugh many difficulties.
8. It is a shining example f can be achieved thrugh technlgical innvatin and rganizatinal capabilities.
【类型二：定语从句专练】
9. In additin t his lve fr abstract art, Pininski als had anther reasn accunted fr his mtivatin t build such a unique subway entrance.
10. With respect fr heritage and a bld eye fr innvatin, Li is prving that traditinal Chinese pera can be transfrmed int a dynamic stage timeless emtins are expressed in fresh ways.
11. Apart frm trade exchange, the netwrk was emplyed t exchange cultures, shaped the evlutin f science, art, technlgy and ther areas in scieties alng the netwrk.
12. Since 1994, the MRCTCM was established by the Chinese and Maltese gvernments, mre than 200,000 Maltese patients (have been prvided) TCM treatment by 18Chinese medical teams cmpsed f ver 100 physicians.
13. The university plans t enrll abut 150 students in the new schl, aim is t develp a new mdel fr AI-driven educatin while training students with strng AI literacy, technical expertise (and) innvative capabilities.
14. The musical fllws a teenager named Jey, accidentally travels back t Chang’an — the capital f the Western Han Dynasty.
15. The students, sme f had n prir painting experience, fund the prject rewarding, with ne sharing a deep sense f (achievement).
16. The ppularity f this trend f integrating TCM int mdern cuisine can (be attributed) t several factrs, ne f is the belief that fd and medicine share the same rigin.
【类型三：状语从句微练】
17. famus fr his calligraphy wrks, it’s Yan’s curage n the battlefield against crruptin (腐败) at 75 that tuches mdern audiences’ hearts.
18. (Initially), silk was the main item exprted alng the netwrk its weight was light and its value was high.
19. Steaming effectively preserves the natural taste f the fd, it’s fish, vegetables, r delicate dumplings.
20. (原创) She arranged the furniture exactly her interir designer had instructed, paying meticulus attentin t every detail.
(建议用时：20分钟)
【类型一：名词性从句---四种从句专练】
1. (原创) makes seal carving (fascinating) is its attentin t detail.
2. (原创) What truly defines a successful persn is nt merely their wealth r status, but ______________ they persistently pursue their gals and psitively impact thers.
3. (原创) ______________ artificial intelligence will eventually surpass human intelligence remains a tpic f heated debate amng scientists and philsphers.
4. (原创) We must take int cnsideratin ______________ the widespread use f scial media influences teenagers’ self-identity and interpersnal relatinships.
5. (原创) There is grwing cncern amng parents ______________ their children might becme verly dependent n digital devices fr entertainment and infrmatin.
6. (原创) ______________ is willing t take respnsibility and lead the team thrugh this challenging prject will earn great respect frm all f us.
7. (原创) The key t slving this envirnmental issue lies in ______________ gvernments and crpratins can cllabrate effectively t reduce carbn emissins.
8. (原创) ______________ she managed t cmplete the marathn despite her recent injury was a testament t her extrardinary determinatin and physical stamina.
【类型二：两种定语从句专练】
9. (原创) “Bth films are excellent. The frmer has grand special effects, while the latter excels in strytelling,” a mvie-ger surname is Ca said.
(原创)The prcess f making il paper umbrellas is particularly cmplex, is said t be twenty-seven and a half steps.
11. (原创) The cllectin cvers different tpics fcus n everything frm animals t numbers.
12. (原创) A new bk, My China Album, celebrates the deep ties between the peple f the US and China, is set fr release in June.
13. (原创) A typical example is the develpment f an advanced braking (刹车) system fr freign users, ________________ ne ft culd cntrl all three brakes at the same time.
14. Scientists are develping the nly hardware imitates the human brain’s highly efficient way f prcessing infrmatin.
15. Hwever, we nted earlier, ur brains have limited resurces fr these tasks, and eventually, thse resurces will be exhausted.
16. Hwever, the number f lcals bject t turists behaving badly is n the increase, and they’re vicing their cncerns with authrities wh are starting t take actin.
【类型三：九种状语从句专练】
17. (原创) We shuld cultivate ur minds with diverse knwledge _______________ a gardener tends different plants — each requires specific care t thrive.
18. (原创) _______________ artificial intelligence has made astnishing prgress in simulating human cnversatin, it still lacks the genuine empathy and lived experience that frm the cre f meaningful human cnnectin.
19. (原创) Hardly had the grundbreaking research been published in the jurnal _______________ it sparked intense debate and inspired a wave f fllw-up experiments acrss the glbal scientific cmmunity.
20. (原创) ________________ immediate actin is taken t curb carbn emissins, the tipping pint f climate change may be irreversible within ur lifetime.

(建议用时：15分钟)
一、阅读理解：
Andrea Lankfrd quit her jb after spending 12 years as a Natinal Park Service frester specializing in search and rescue missins in scenic and remte American landscapes. Hwever, decades later, three yung hikers went missing n the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT). She fund herself unable t turn away frm the three separate cases despite challenges in the inquiry int them.
Trail f the Lst was her answer.
It’s an absrbing nnfictin narrative (叙事) abut the three hikers, including their lives and thse f the peple lking fr them. It als explres the histry f the PCT and the rich subculture, practices and even literature that surrund it and thse wh undertake the 2,650-mile jurney.
The bk is a rich multilayered narrative that wrks n three different levels. The first is the stry f each f the three hikers. Lankfrd ffers a bigraphy (传记) f each f the missing men and shws them thrugh the eyes f thse wh knew them well and thse wh jined the search.
Right underneath the narratives abut the three hikers are the stries f everyne lking fr them. Lankfrd played a rle in each search but she allwed friends, family and even strangers t ccupy center stage thrughut mst f the narrative. The stry lks at the rle f missing persn Facebk grups in the searches and hw crucial wrd f muth can be. Many warm-hearted individuals came frth and became instrumental in the searches r prvided valuable infrmatin. But Lankfrd als writes f the many wh lied fr n apparent reasn and cnfused the investigatins.
The narrative als shines a light n diverse aspects f the PCT. Lankfrd, wh has hiked the entire Appalachian Trail and was the first persn t muntain bike the 800-mile Arizna Trail, knws just hw the PCT is physically and mentally demanding. Besides, the bk explres threats frm muntain lins t peple with bad intentins wh dn’t bserve the PCT’s unspken mral rules, serving as a revelatin f the well-knwn, hidden r ignred dangers f the PCT.
Written with a clear, fast-paced, straightfrward style, Trail f the Lst is as full f hpe and humanity as it is packed with pain, srrw, danger and tensin. Read it and yu’ll find mre than yu seek.
1. What led Lankfrd t write Trail f the Lst?
A. Her lve fr her prir career.B. Her strng attachment t the PCT.
C. The stress frm the missing families.D. Her investigatin int hikers’ disappearance.
2. What is presented n the secnd level f the bk?
A. Effrts by different peple in searches.B. A string f wilderness survival tips.
C. Appraches t infrmatin classificatin.D. Respective stries f the three hikers.
3. What’s the purpse f mentining Lankfrd’s previus adventures?
A. T prmte her bk.B. T make her a celebrity.
C. T mtivate hikers t challenge themselves.D. T stress the difficulty f hiking the PCT.
4. What can we say abut the bk?
A. It targets single yuth.B. It’s a rmantic nvel.
C. It’s based n actual events.D. It’s a detailed accunt f a jurney.
二、语法填空：
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The U.S. financial landscape in 2025 presents a cmplex and challenging picture, 1 (shape) significantly by the lng-term burdens established in the preceding decades. 2 defines the current era is a precarius balancing act between persistent inflatin and slwing ecnmic grwth. That the federal debt 3 (sar) t ver 360% f GDP cntinues t cast a lng shadw ver fiscal plicy, limiting the gvernment’s ability 4 (respnd) t new crises. A primary cncern is the pressure 5 the twin pillars f the ecnmy: the cnsumer and the jb market. Reprts indicate that families, 6 are facing higher csts fr daily necessities, are tightening their budgets, which 7 (direct) dampens ecnmic activity. As the Federal Reserve navigates between curbing inflatin and aviding a recessin, its interest rate decisins create waves f 8 uncertainty in glbal markets. Cnsequently, whether the U.S. can achieve a “sft landing” remains the 9 (critical) questin fr investrs wrldwide. The path frward requires nt nly careful mnetary plicy but als difficult plitical cmprmises t address the 10 (underlie) structural deficits.
考点
五年考情 (2021-2025)
命题趋势
考点1考查名词性从句基本用法
(5年7考)
2025高考北京卷—what;
2024全国高考甲卷—what;
2024高考浙江1月卷—what;
2023全国高考II卷—why;
2022全国高考II卷—hw;
2022浙江1月卷—whether / if;
2021全国高考I卷—what;
一、名词性从句：聚焦“功能区分”与“语境辨义”
趋势1：弱化that，强化“wh-”词的语义甄别
趋势2：考查“介词+宾语从句”结构
趋势3：融入“形式主语/宾语”结构
二、定语从句：聚焦“非限定性”与“复杂先行词”
趋势1：非限定性定语从句持续高热
趋势2：关系词选择的“综合化”与“去规则化”
趋势3：先行词辨识难度加大
三、状语从句：聚焦“连词逻辑”与“省略结构”
趋势1：侧重逻辑连词的精准选用
趋势2：考查“连词的分词省略结构”
趋势3：时间/条件状语从句中的“主将从现”及其变体
四、高阶复合趋势 (当前最大难点)
1.从句嵌套：一个句子中包含两种或以上从句。
2.与其它语法项目的融合考查。
考点2考查定语从句基本用法
(5年17考)
2025全国高考I卷—which;
2025全国高考II卷—where;
2025高考浙江1月卷—which;
2025高考北京卷—which;
2024全国高考I卷—which / that;
2024全国高考II卷—wh;
2024全国高考甲卷—which;
2024高考浙江1月卷—which / that;
2024高考北京卷—wh;
2023全国高考甲卷—where;
2023全国高考乙卷—which / that;
2023高考北京卷—where;
2022全国高考I卷—that;
2022全国高考甲卷—wh;
2022浙江1月卷—that / wh;
2021全国高考I卷—that / which;
2021浙江1月卷—that / which。
考点3考查状语从句基本用法
(5年1考)
2021全国高考乙卷—until；
名词性从句的主语、宾语从句在语法填空中的核心考点
一、主语从句考点：主语从句在句中作主语，位置可在句首，也可用 it 作形式主语后置。
考点1：引导词的选择：解题关键在于分析从句中缺什么成分或表达什么逻辑。
缺成分：缺主语/宾语 → what (…的事情/东西)
缺时间 → when；缺地点 → where；缺原因 → why
不缺成分 (完整句子)：陈述事实 → that (只起连接作用，无实义)
是否 (表“是否”含义)→ whether (if不能引导主语从句放句首！)
考点2：it作形式主语：当主语从句较长时，常用 “It +谓语/系表 + that/whether从句” 结构。
常见句型：
It is + adj. + that从句：It is imprtant that we shuld wrk hard.
It is + n. + that从句：It is a fact that he lied.
It + 动词 + that从句：It seems/happened that he was late.
解题提示： 看到句首是It，空格后是完整从句，大概率填that。
考点3：主谓一致：谓语动词用单数 (主语从句视为一个整体)。
二、宾语从句考点：宾语从句在句中作动词或介词的宾语。
考点1：引导词的选择 (与主语从句类似)
缺成分：缺主语/宾语/表语 → what/which/wh(m) 等
不缺成分：陈述事实→ that (口语中常可省略，但语法填空中若从句完整且无“是否”意，常需填that)
是否→ whether/if (在介词后或后有r nt时，通常只用whether)
考点2：语序问题：宾语从句必须用陈述语序 (主语在前，谓语在后)。
考点3：时态呼应：若主句是过去时，宾语从句通常用相应的过去范畴时态 (客观真理、谚语等除外)。
考点4：介词后的宾语从句：介词后接宾语从句时，引导词有限制：
可用：what, whether, 疑问词
不用： that (极少数固定搭配除外，如 in that “因为”，except that “除了”)
名词性从句的表语、同位语从句在语法填空中的核心考点
一、 表语从句考点：表语从句位于系动词 (be, seem, remain, lk等)之后，对主语进行补充说明。
考点1：引导词的选择 (核心)：解题关键同样是分析从句是否完整。
从句缺成分：缺主语/宾语/表语 → 用 what, wh, which, whm 等。
缺时间、地点、原因、方式状语 → 用 when, where, why, hw。
从句成分完整：陈述一个事实 → 用 that (不可省略)。
表示“是否” → 用 whether (不能用if)。
考点2：固定句型：一些常见句型直接指向特定引导词。
The reasn (why) ... is/was that ... (解释原因，用 that)
The reasn why he failed was that he was t careless. (切记：此处不用 because，会构成“重句”错误)
It/This/That is because ... (强调原因，用 because)
考点3：主句主语的影响：当主句主语是表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词时，表语从句常用 “ (shuld)+动词原形” 的虚拟语气。
二、 同位语从句考点：同位语从句用来解释、说明前面的抽象名词，使其内容具体化。这是语法填空的难点和易错点。
考点1：核心标志：抽象名词+从句
这是识别同位语从句的关键。常见的抽象名词有：
想法类：fact, idea, belief, thught, dubt, hpe
信息类：news, message, infrmatin, wrd (消息)
建议/命令类：suggestin, advice, rder, demand, request, requirement
承诺/可能类：prmise, pssibility, truth, evidence, cnclusin
考点2：引导词的唯一性：that
在绝大多数情况下，同位语从句的引导词只用 that。that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，且不可省略。
注意与定语从句的区别 (这是重要考点！)：同位语从句：that不充当成分，从句内容=抽象名词的内容。定语从句：that充当成分 (主语或宾语)，是对抽象名词的修饰。
考点3：特殊引导词：whether
当抽象名词表示“疑问”时，同位语从句可用 whether 引导。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句在语法填空中的核心考点
一、核心区别：一句话概括
限制性定语从句：是先行词的 “身份证” ，不可缺少，去掉它主句意思不完整或会改变。无逗号隔开。
关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。
非限制性定语从句：是先行词的 “补充说明” ，可有可无，去掉它主句意思依然完整。有逗号隔开 (这是最明显的标志！)。关系代词绝不能省略。不能用关系代词that。
二、限制性定语从句的核心考点：主要考查关系词的选择和省略。
考点1：关系代词的选择 (看先行词在从句中充当的成分)
作主语：指人用 wh/that，指物用 which/that。
作宾语：指人用 whm/wh/that (或省略)，指物用 which/that (或省略)。
作定语：指人用 whse，指物用 whse 或 f which。
考点2：关系副词的选择 (看从句缺何种状语)
缺时间状语 (先行词是 time, day, year 等)→ when
缺地点状语 (先行词是 place, rm, city 等)→ where
缺原因状语 (先行词只有 reasn)→ why
关键验证法：把先行词代入从句，看能否构成完整介词短语。
考点3：介词 + 关系代词：结构：介词 + which/whm/whse
考点关键：介词的选择取决于从句动词或形容词的固定搭配，或者所要表达的意思。
解题步骤：先还原从句，看其与先行词的介词搭配。
三、非限制性定语从句的核心考点：主要考查其独特规则和与限制性从句的辨析。
考点1：标志与不可省略规则：有逗号隔开是铁律。关系词绝不能省略 (即使作宾语)。
考点2：不能用that，无论指人指物，一律用 wh/whm/which，绝对不能用that。
考点3：指代对象多样化：这是难点和高频考点。非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是：
一个名词：前面整个主句或部分内容 (此时只能用 which 或 as)。
专有名词 (通常只用非限制性)：
考点4：as与which 引导非限制性从句的区别
相同点：都可指代整个主句。
不同点 (高考核心)：
as：意为“正如，就像”。引导的从句位置灵活，可置于句首、句中或句尾，常与knw, see, expect, happen 等动词连用，有“正如预期/所知”的含义。
which：引导的从句只能放在主句之后，常译为“这一点”。
四、语法填空中“给词”与“不给词”的解题策略
情况1：空格后是完整句子 (考查关系词)
先看逗号：有逗号 → 非限制性 → 排除that，考虑which/wh/whm/as。
无逗号或给词是名词 → 限制性 → 考虑所有关系词。
分析从句缺什么：缺主语/宾语/定语 → 用 关系代词 (wh, which, that, whse)；缺时间/地点/原因状语 → 用 关系副词 (when, where, why)；从句完整，且指代前面整句话 → 用 which 或 as。
情况2：空格后是“介词 + ” 或 “ + 名词” (考查介词+关系代词)：根据从句意思或搭配确定介词，然后判断，指人 → whm，指物 → which，表示所属 → whse。
情况3：不给提示词的空格 (常考查关系词是否省略)：如果先行词在从句中作宾语，且前面没有逗号，则很可能需要填关系词或将其省略 (即不填)。这时要结合句子是否通顺判断。