高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空（5大易错点+易错闯关训练）（全国通用）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空（5大易错点+易错闯关训练）（全国通用）（学生版），共35页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc6719" 第一部分 易错点剖析 PAGEREF _Tc6719 \h 1
易错典题 避错攻略 举一反三
\l "_Tc403" 易错01 熟词生义不理解而错选 PAGEREF _Tc403 \h 1
易错02 词类活用不理解而错选7
\l "_Tc11528" 易错03 课标生僻词不熟悉而错选10
\l "_Tc8651" 易错04 课标派生词不认识而错选14
\l "_Tc8651" 易错05 固定搭配不掌握而错选18
\l "_Tc11195" 第二部分 易错点闯关17
闯关01 记叙文完形填空3篇17
闯关02 说明文完形填空2篇20
易错点1: 熟词生义不理解而错选
易错典题
【例1】从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2025山东济南9月模拟) Mr. Daltn taught us plane gemetry(平面几何) 37 years ag. I was a quiet kid. I neither gt in much truble nr gt 41(nticed) . Smehw, plane gemetry really 42 fr me in his class.
...
What I experienced that day has 44 me well. I have been 45 (grateful) t Mr. Daltn fr empwering me t speak up as lng as I think I'm right.
42. A. clicked B. appeared C. faded D. existed
44. A. knwn B. suited C. served D. made
避错攻略
【方法总结】
1.归纳记忆法：主动整理高频熟词生义。如 bk (v. 预订)，fine (adj. 晴朗的；细致的)，develp (v. 冲洗胶片；患病的)，建立专属清单。
2.语境驱动：坚决摒弃第一反应。将句子作为最小记忆单位，通过上下文线索（如逻辑关系、主题场景）判断词义。
3.强化复习：在阅读和练习中，有意识地识别和回顾这些词汇的生僻含义，通过反复接触加深印象。
【干货必记】熟词生义用法50例
1.address (熟义:v.写地址 n.地址)
Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand is being addressed. (v.设法解决;处理)
2.advance(熟义:v.& n.前进,推进)
The new assistant asked fr an advance n her salary. (n.预付款)
3.against (熟义:prep.反对;逆着;依靠;与……竞争)
The painting lks nice against the white wall. (prep.以……为背景;映衬)
4.age (熟义:n.年龄)
Challenging wrk might help yur brain stay sharp as yu age. (v.变老)
5.annunce(熟义:v.宣布)
Warm sunshine annunces the appraching f the spring. (v.预示着)
6.balance(熟义:v.& n.平衡)
Make sure that yu g and check yur bank balance. (n.差额;余款)
The schl aims t balance the time spent n arts and science subjects. (v.权衡)
7.bar(熟义:n.棒,条;酒吧)
Pr health may be a bar t success in life. (n.障碍)
8.back(熟义:adv.& n.后面)
If yu backyur car ut f the driveway, I can get mine in. (v.使倒退)
Many f his friends backed his plan f creating anther platfrm. (v.支持)
9.blue(熟义:adj.蓝色的 n.蓝色)
Yur elder sister appeared blue when she failed in her experiment last time. (adj.忧伤的)
10.build(熟义:v.建设)
My persnal bdyguard has a slid build. (n.身材;体形)
11.badly(熟义:adv.坏地,恶劣地)
Bth sides want t win the cming final s badly. (adv.很,非常)
12.cause(熟义:v.致使)
These yung graduates are wrking fr a great cause and I am prud f them. (n.事业)
13.chance(熟义:n.机会)
I’m nt sure f my success, but let me take a chance. (n.冒险)
I chancedt see the famus scientist last Sunday. (v.碰巧)
14.cunt(熟义:n.& v.计算,数)
There are 10 peple in the classrm cunting tw teachers. (v.包括)
It is nt hw much yu read but what yu read that cunts. (v.有价值;重要)
15.cver(熟义:v.覆盖)
The turists had cvered 20 miles befre dark. (v.走完一段路)
Hw many pages have yu cvered? (v.看完多少页书)
Yesterday’s discussin cvered a lt f tpics. (v.涉及)
These dctrs’ stries were cvered in China Daily. (v.报道)
The mney will cver all yur expenses in the university. (v.够付)
16.crss(熟义:v.跨越,横穿 n.十字)
Dn’t be crsswith him. After all, he meant t help. (adj.生气的)
17.cut(熟义:v.割)
Buyers will try hard t cut the cst f the huse they want. (v.削减)
18.develp(熟义:v.发展;开发;研制)
Did yu have the films develped?(v.冲洗胶卷)
After develpinga strange disease, he develped an interest in medicine. (v.患病;逐渐形成)
19.digest(熟义:v.消化 n.文摘)
I struggle t digest the news in tday’s newspaper. (v.理解,领悟)
20.d (熟义:v.做)
The shes wn’t d fr muntain climbing. (v.行,适合)
What makes us relaxed is that everything is ding well. (v.进展)
21.dwn(熟义:adv.向下,在下面)
I have been dwn ever since I heard the news. (adj.情绪低落的)
22.emply(熟义:v.雇用)
The pliceemplyed frce t pen the dr. (v.利用,使用)
She was emplyedin preparing fr the sprts meet. (v.忙于)
23.escape(熟义:v.逃跑;逃脱)
His name escapesme fr the mment. (v.被忘掉;被忽视)
24.even(熟义:adv.甚至)
The rm shuld be kept at an even temperature. (adj.均匀的,稳定的)
The wman singer smiled, shwing her small even teeth. (adj.整齐的)
“I think yu are mistaken,” my mther said in an even tne. (adj.平静的;平和的)
25.express(熟义:v.表达)
Is there an express frm Nanjing t Shanghai? (n.快车)
I’ll expressthe sea fd t my parents. (v.快递)
26.fail(熟义:v.失败)
Trapped in a traffic jam, he failed t catch the train. (v.未能)
The prfessr is failing in health./The prfessr’s health is failing.(v.衰退,衰弱)
Wrds failedme t describe my inner feeling. (v.使失望;有负于;使无能为力)
27.fine(熟义:adj.美好的,很棒的,晴朗的)
The man will be fined if he parks the car there. (v.罚款)
28.frce (熟义:vt.强迫)
The hstess frced her way thrugh the crwd f reprters. (v.用力;强行移动)
My head teacher frced a smile when he saw me. (v.挤出)
29.fresh(熟义:adj.新鲜的)
There is a shrtage f fresh water n the island. (adj.淡的,无盐的)
The newcmer is clearly quite fresh t ffice wrk. (adj.无经验的)
30.fair(熟义:adj.公平的,合理的)
My sixty-year-ld grandma has lng fair hair. (adj.浅色的,白皙的)
An antiquefair will be held in the city f Qufu. (n.商品交易会,展销会)
31.figure(熟义:n.数字,图形)
I figuredthat if I tk the night train, I culd be in Sctland by the mrning. (vt.认为;认定)
Happily, my frmer deskmate is a leading figure in the music. (n.人物)
32.gain(熟义:v.获得,赢得)
Dn’t wrry. My watch gains. We still have time. (v. 钟表快)
Just taking nline lessns at hme, I have gained weight recently. (v.增加速度,重量)
33.g(熟义:vi.去;变得)
The infrmatin ges t prve my pint. (vi.对……有帮助,有助于……)
This imprted machine ges by electricity. (vi.机器运行,运转,工作)
Des everything g smthly these days?(v.进展)
The stry gesthat she has been married 5 times. (v. (故事)发生情况如何)
Frankly, the curtain desn’t g with the carpet. (vi.搭配)
34.hit(熟义:v.击中,打击)
The Indian film is quite a hit f this year. (n.成功;红极一时的人或事)
I culdn’t remember where I’d seen him befre, and then it hit me. (v.突然想起)
35.ht (熟义:adj.炎热的)
We’re waiting fr the ht news n the electin results. (adj.最新的)
She is ne f ur schl’s httest yung teachers. (adj.轰动的;走红的)
36.ill (熟义:adj.生病的;坏的;不良的)
The wild animals were bviusly ill treated in this place. (adv.坏地,糟糕地)
37.inch(熟义:n.英寸)
The slim waitress inched the table t the wall. (v. (使)缓慢移动)
38.key(熟义:n.钥匙;答案)
The keyfactr in the bridegrm’s success is his enthusiasm. (adj.关键的)
39.kid(熟义:n.小孩)
Take it easy. The captain is just kidding. (v.开玩笑;欺骗)
40.kill(熟义:v.杀掉,害死)
The three champins ften kill time by playing cards. (v.消磨时间)
The chemist’s jke killed the audience. (vt.使笑得要死)
41.last [熟义:adj.最后的 v.延续,够用(多久)]
This salesgirl is the last persn t tell a lie. (adj.最不可能的)
42.leave(熟义:v.离开;剩下;留下)
Having wrked hard fr a lng perid, he decided t take a mnth’s paid leave. (n.休假)
43.nbdy(熟义:prn.没有人)
The cach wants t be famus. He is tired f being nbdy. (n.小人物)
44.narrw(熟义:adj.狭窄的)
His cmpetitr had a narrw escape when his car ran n the ice. (adj.勉强的,刚刚好的)
45.bserve(熟义:vt.注意到,察觉到)
D they bserveChristmas Day in this cuntry? (vt.庆祝节日,举行仪式等)
The wrkers belnging t the factry must bserve the rules. (vt.遵守(规则、法律等))
46.practice(熟义:n.实践;练习)
He makes the practice f reading newspapers during breakfast. (n.惯例,习俗)
Where is yur medical practice?[n. (医师、律师的)工作地点]
47.prmise(熟义:v.& n.许诺)
The dark cluds prmise rain and yu’d better take an umbrella. (v.有……的希望;使……有可能)
48.particular(熟义:adj.特殊的)
She is very particular abut what she eats and wears. (adj.挑剔的,讲究的)
49.press(熟义:n.& v.按,压)
She presseda letter int the mailbx and ran away. (v.将……塞进……)
The pressseemed nt t be interested in this meeting. (n.新闻界,媒体)
50.raise(熟义:vt.提高;饲养)
We had t raisemney fr ur prject. (vt.筹集)
His behavir has raised sme peple’s dubt. (vt.引起)
举一反三
1. Fitness Magazine recently ______ an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.”
A. ran B. read C. wrte D. fund
2. In his speech, the entrepreneur emphasized that innvatin is the cre ______ f a cmpany’s develpment—nly by cnstantly creating new prducts can it stay cmpetitive.
A. barrier B. driver C. result D. burden
3.His persnal feelings began t ______ his judgment, making it hard fr him t see the situatin clearly.
A. cver B. stp C. ‌clud‌ D. darken
4.She ______ a dream jb as a cnsultant in Australia after sending ver 50 applicatins.
A. landed B. encuntered C. fund D. sptted
易错02 课标生僻词不熟悉而错选
易错典题
【例2】从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(24-25高三上·广东·月考) His 11 predictive gesture wrked n Wednesday when Andersn cmpeted in her first Olympic Games as part f the wmen’s quadruple sculls (四人双桨) rwing team. Her team 12 the gld medal by a mere 0.15 secnds. After the race, Andersn reflected n her father’s firm supprt.
12．A．baggedB．frgttenC．lstD．recvered
(2025 哈三中10月模拟) I drpped a clay cking pt n my feet. Mre accurately, I slipped dwn the back steps f my huse n a rainy night, 41 thrwing the pt int the air. I managed t stay upright(挺直的) and 42 landed n my backside with my feet in frnt f me, but the pt als landed upright — and n my feet, breaking in tw. The ht juices I was trying t thrw int the utdr dustbin 43 flew in the air, and then rained dwn n me. At the very mment, I culd 44 the headline: Wman Dies Ding Dishes After Dinner.'
44.A. remember B. picture C. read D. appreciate
避错攻略
【方法总结】让步状语从句并不难，记住“虽然”含义是关键；先看搭配后看语境；对号入座选答案。
【干货必记1】形容词活用为动词10例
1. brave 熟义：adj. 勇敢的 生义：v. 勇敢面对
She braved the cld wind t g t schl n time.
2. duble 熟义：adj. 两倍的；双的 生义：v. 加倍
The cmpany plans t duble its sales in the next year.
3. blank 熟义：adj. 空白的；无表情的 生义：v. 留白；使无效
Yu need t blank the wrng answer and write the right ne.
4. clean 熟义：adj. 干净的；整洁的 生义：v. 打扫；清理
We clean the classrm tgether after schl every day.
5. clear 熟义：adj. 清晰的；清楚的 生义：v. 清除；澄清
He tried t clear the snw n the rad fr the ld neighbrs.
6. clse 熟义：adj. 近的；亲密的 生义：v. 关闭；结束
The library clses at 5 p.m. n weekends in ur city.
7. crss 熟义：adj. 交叉的；生气的 生义：v. 穿过；交叉
They crssed the busy rad with the help f the traffic plice.
8. dark 熟义：adj. 黑暗的；深色的 生义：v. 变黑；使变暗
The sky darks fast in winter, s we shuld g hme early.
9. empty 熟义：adj. 空的；无意义的 生义：v. 倒空；清空
Please empty the rubbish bin and empty all the useless files frm the cmputer.
10. tight 熟义：adj. 紧的；紧密的 生义：v. 拉紧；攥紧
She had t tight the rpe and tight her hands when she heard the scary news.
【干货必记2】名词活用为动词30例
名词活用为动词（名转动）+ 高考完形高频语境例句
1. chance 熟义：n. 机会；可能性 生义：v. 碰巧
I chanced t find my lst key in the schl library.
2. favr 熟义：n. 帮助；恩惠 生义：v. 偏袒，特别照顾
A gd teacher never favrs any student in the class.
3. functin 熟义：n. 功能；作用 生义：v. 起作用，正常工作，运转
The clck didn't functin after it fell ff the table.
4. leaf 熟义：n. 叶，纸页 生义：v. 翻页
He leafed thrugh the magazine t find the sprts news.
5. pse 熟义：n. 姿势 生义：v. 提出
The teacher psed a difficult questin fr us t discuss.
6. act 熟义：n. 行为；行动 生义：v. 行动；扮演
He acted as a guide fr the visitrs in the museum.
7. aim 熟义：n. 目标；目的 生义：v. 瞄准；旨在
This activity aims t imprve students' teamwrk ability.
8. air 熟义：n. 空气；大气 生义：v. 晾晒；公开表达
She aired her wrries abut the exam t her mther.
9. back 熟义：n. 背部 生义：v. 支持；后退
All my classmates back my idea f hlding a bk fair.
10. bank 熟义：n. 银行；河岸 生义：v. 把… 存入银行；堆积
He banks his pcket mney every mnth t buy a new bk.
11. mask 熟义：n. 面具；口罩 生义：v. 掩饰；遮盖
She tried t mask her sadness with a big smile in frnt f her parents.
12. blck 熟义：n. 街区；木块 生义：v. 阻挡；堵塞
A fallen tree blcked ur way t the cuntryside.
13. shulder 熟义：n. 肩膀 生义：v. 承担；肩负
The yung man decided t shulder the family respnsibility after his father fell ill.
14. bridge 熟义：n. 桥；桥梁 生义：v. 架桥；弥补（差距）
This talk can bridge the gap between parents and teenagers.
15. pcket 熟义：n. 口袋 生义：v. 把…… 放进口袋；私吞
He pcketed his phne and never dared t pcket the public mney.
16. camp 熟义：n. 营地；帐篷 生义：v. 露营；扎营
We plan t camp near the muntain with ur teachers this hliday.
17. cause 熟义：n. 原因；事业 生义：v. 引起；导致
Staying up late can cause great harm t ur health.
18. center 熟义：n. 中心；中央 生义：v. 以… 为中心；集中
The party centered n the theme f lving ur mtherland.
19. circle 熟义：n. 圆圈；圈子 生义：v. 环绕；盘旋
Sme birds circled abve the tree, lking fr their babies.
20. cat 熟义：n. 外套；大衣 生义：v. 覆盖；给… 涂涂层
We need t cat the wd with paint t prtect it.
21. clr 熟义：n. 颜色；色彩 生义：v. 给… 上色；渲染
The kids clred the pictures carefully in the art class.
22. cmment 熟义：n. 评论；意见 生义：v. 发表评论；点评
Many peple cmmented n the new park in ur cmmunity nline.
23. crner 熟义：n. 角落；拐角 生义：v. 使陷入绝境；拐过弯
The plice crnered the lst dg in a small garden at last.
24. cver 熟义：n. 封面；盖子 生义：v. 覆盖；包含；采访
A reprter was sent t cver the schl sprts meeting.
25. crwd 熟义：n. 人群；群众 生义：v. 挤满；聚集
Peple crwded the square t watch the natinal flag-raising ceremny.
26. cure 熟义：n. 治愈；疗法 生义：v. 治愈；治好
The new medicine can cure this cmmn cld quickly.
27. damage 熟义：n. 损害；损失 生义：v. 损害；毁坏
The strng wind damaged many flwers in the garden.
28. mark 熟义：n. 记号；分数 生义：v. 做记号；打分
The teacher marks ur hmewrk carefully every evening.
29. weather 熟义：n. 天气 生义：v. 经受住；平安度过（困难、风暴等）
The small cmpany weathered the ecnmic crisis with the supprt f all emplyees.
30. nail 熟义：n. 钉子；指甲 生义：v. 钉住；固定
He nailed the wden bard t the wall and nailed the pster n the ntice bard.
举一反三
1. (2025全国一卷第44题) That left a huse still stuffed with things that, while nt particularly 45 valuable, didn’t belng in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
2. (2025全国二卷第41题) Evelyn Dnhue is a 65-year-ld grandma. She nly started t exercise seven years ag after having a wake-up call.
3. (2024新课标I卷第54题) I’ve matured a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever gals I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
4. (2024九省联考卷第53题) Siling his clthes, wrking n a ht September afternn, this man saved a cllege student frm disaster, just because she culd have been his daughter.
5. (2023新课标I卷第52题) As fr Bailey, she is mre cnfused abut why her act is cnsidered a big deal.
6. (2023新课标I卷第53题) Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the meet, they’ve since becme friends.
7. (2023浙江1月卷第50题) Sitting n a branch, he inched twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive.
8. (2024全国甲卷第50题) Like in typical families, where bys were favred much mre than girls, my grandma had t stay at hme t d husewrk.
易错03 课标派生词不认识而错选
易错典题
【例3】从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2022全国乙卷) Fr a lng time, this ineffective hiding methd was 44 as evidence that children are hpelessly “egcentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But ur 45 surprising research results in child develpmental psychlgy 46 that idea.
44. A. supprtedB. guaranteedC. imaginedD. interpreted
46. A. explainedB. cnfirmedC. cntradictedD. tested
避错攻略
【方法总结】时间状语从句考点多，记住when和until最重要；看句型记搭配；错题积累水平高，
【干货必记1】完形填空高频生僻动词例释
1. anticipate 预料，预期
The experts anticipate a rise in husing prices next year.
2. assign 分配；布置；分派
The teacher will assign a new task t each grup tmrrw.
3. attain 获得
Yu can attain yur gal nly thrugh cnstant hard wrk.
4. bst 使增长
This plicy will bst the develpment f lcal small businesses.
5. cease 使停止，终止，结束
The heavy rain finally ceased at midnight yesterday.
6. cite 引用；引述
Many students like t cite famus sayings in their cmpsitins.
7. dminate 支配；控制
Strng emtins can easily dminate ur ratinal thinking.
8. emerge 显现，显露
A bright smile began t emerge n her face gradually.
9. illustrate 说明；表明…… 真实
The example can illustrate the difficult grammar rule clearly.
10. multiply 使繁殖；使成倍增加
Rabbits multiply quickly and prices multiply in a shrt time.
11. perceive 认为
Peple usually perceive him as a very reliable and hnest man.
12. suspend 悬挂；中止；暂缓
The schl decided t suspend the sprts meeting because f the rain.
13. sustain 维持生命；使保持
Fresh water can sustain all living things n the earth.
【干货必记2】完形填空高频生僻名词、形容词例释
1. episde 人生的一段经历；插曲
This sad episde left a deep mark n his life.
2. panel 嵌板，镶板；专家咨询组
A special panel will discuss this scial prblem tmrrw.
3. pririty 优先事项；最重要的事 优先；优先权
Health is always the tp pririty in everyne’s life.
4. prspect 风景，景色 前景，展望，设想
The prspect f the career makes him feel excited and hpeful.
形容词
5. cntradictry 相互矛盾的；不一致的
His tw statements are cntradictry and hard t believe.
6. cnventinal 传统的
She desn’t like cnventinal clthes and prefers unique styles.
7. decent 相当不错的，正派的；正直的
He has a decent jb and a happy family in the city.
8. dynamic精力充沛的 动态的；发展变化的
The yung manager is very dynamic and full f new ideas.
9. fascinated 入迷的；极感兴趣的
The kids are fascinated by the interesting science experiment.
10. habitable 适合居住的
The small village is quiet and habitable fr the elderly.
11. humble 谦逊的；社会地位低下的
The famus scientist is always humble t every student.
12. identical 完全同样的，相同的
The tw sisters wear identical dresses n their birthday.
13. verwhelming 令人不知所措的
She felt an verwhelming sense f jy when she wn the prize.
14. permanent 永久的，长久的
The scar left a permanent mark n her arm.
15. premier 最好的，首要的
This restaurant is the premier chice fr family dinners in twn.
16. primitive 简陋的，落后的
The villagers used primitive tls t farm in the ld days.
17. subsequent 随后的，后来的
We will discuss the subsequent plan in the next meeting.
18. substantial 大量的；价值巨大的
He made a substantial imprvement in his English grades.
【干货必记2】完形填空高频生僻名词、形容词例释
1. dramatically 显著地
Her spken English has imprved dramatically after hard practice.
2. exceptinally 极其，非常
The weather is exceptinally cld in the nrth this winter.
3. genuinely 真正地
He genuinely cares abut the lives f his pr neighbrs.
4. literally 真正地 字面上
I was literally t tired t mve after the lng jurney.
5. peridically 定期地
The dctr tld her t check her bdy peridically in the hspital.
6. respectively 分别，各自
Tm and Lily wn the first and secnd prize respectively.
7. sharply 严厉地，毫不客气地
The teacher spke sharply t the lazy students in class.
8. subsequently 后来，随后
He fell ill and subsequently missed the imprtant exam.
9. admittedly 诚然
Admittedly, this task is very difficult but we can finish it tgether.
10. suppsedly 据说，据称
The ld huse is suppsedly haunted by ghsts in the village.
举一反三
1.(2025湖南长沙市雅礼中学10月模拟) Despite my 49 careful apprach，she became upset, her feelings hurt by the perceived limitatin. T 50 the situatin, I wrte a heartfelt nte t ur neighbr, aplgizing fr any incnvenience caused and ffering t 51replace any plants that might have been affected.
A. avid B. mend C. frget D. embrace
2. (2025浙江名校10月联考) He navigated the steep and winding muntain paths, his medical vehicle being a beacn f hpe amng the severe landscape. Upn 47 reaching the elderly man, Tenzin's trained hands swiftly assessed the 48 . cnditin —acute muntain sickness had a serius effect. With care, he 49 the man's cnditin and made the vital decisin t take him t the safety f the twn belw.
48. A. nrmal B. critical C. previus D. mental
49. A. admired B. stabilized C. wrsened D. suspected
3. (2025山东泰安一中10月教学质量检测) On a ht summer day when I was 13, I was bred in my attic(阁楼) bedrm. Thinking abut hw t 41 relieve that bredm, I leaned(斜靠) sideways, and my hand landed n a flrbard, which 42 up and almst hit me in the head,...
A. picked B. turned C. ppped D. came
易错04 课标派生词不认识而错选
易错典题
【例4】从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2023新课标II卷) The flight was 33 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 34 flew with Karen and made it back t Gerge in Virginia within a few days. He was s 35 thankful and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great t knw that I had helped bring this family tgether again.
33. A. unnecessaryB. unexpectedC. unavidableD. uneventful
【干货必记】2020-2025年高考完形填空高频派生词梳理
一、前缀类派生词（表否定 / 态度 / 动作倾向）
前缀通过改变词根语义（如否定、方向）构成派生词，是完形填空中形容词、动词的高频考查形式。
1.un-（否定前缀，表 “不、无”）
uneventful：un- + eventful（无重大事件的），2023 新课标 II 卷
uncmfrtable：un- + cmfrtable（不舒服的），2022 新课标 I 卷
unafraid：un- + afraid（无所畏惧的），2022 新课标 I 卷
uncertain：un- + certain（不确定的），2023 浙江 1 月卷
unable：un- + able（无法做到的），2021 新课标 II 卷、2022 北京卷
unprfessinal：un- + prfessinal（不专业的），2025 浙江 1 月卷
unsuitable：un- + suitable（不合适的），2025 浙江 1 月卷
2.im-（否定前缀，表 “不、无”）
impersnal：im- + persnal（缺乏人情味的），2025 浙江 1 月卷
impssible：im- + pssible（不可能的），2020 全国 I 卷
3.in-（否定前缀，表 “不、无”）
invisible：in- + visible（无形的），2024 全国甲卷
intlerable：in- + tlerable（无法容忍的），2021 新课标 I 卷
4.dis-（表 “否定 / 分离”）
disappinted：dis- + appinted（失望的），2023 新课标 I 卷
discvered：dis- + cvered（发现的），2024 新课标 I 卷
disturbing：dis- + turbing（令人不安的），2020 江苏卷
5.其他方向 / 态度前缀
cnfused：cn- + fused（困惑的），2025 北京卷
cncerned：cn- + cerned（关心的），2021 北京卷
attached：at- + tached（依恋的），2024 新课标 II 卷
adjusted：ad- + justed（调整后的），2021 北京卷
二、后缀类派生词（按词性分类）
后缀主要改变词根词性（如动词→名词、形容词→名词），是完形填空中名词、形容词的核心考查点。
1.-ment（表动作 / 状态）
achievement：achieve + -ment（成就），2024 新课标 I 卷
disappintment：disappint + -ment（失望），2023 新课标 I 卷
excitement：excite + -ment（兴奋），2022 新课标 II 卷
imprvement：imprve + -ment（进步），2023 浙江 1 月卷
2.-in/-tin/-atin（表动作 / 结果）
attentin：attend + -in（关注），2025 北京卷
celebratin：celebrate + -in（庆祝），2024 新课标 II 卷
cmmunicatin：cmmunicate + -in（沟通），2021 全国乙卷
cntributin：cntribute + -in（贡献），2024 新课标 I 卷
decisin：decide + -in（决定），2020 全国 I 卷
descriptin：describe + -in（描述），2025 全国一卷
recgnitin：recgnize + -itin（认可），2025 北京卷
slutin：slve + -tin（解决方案），2023 四省联考卷
3.-ness（表性质 / 状态）
lneliness：lnely + -ness（孤独），2020 天津卷
happiness：happy + -ness（快乐），2022 北京卷
4.-ity/-itude（表性质 / 程度）
pprtunity：pprtune + -ity（机会），2024 新课标 II 卷
gratitude：grateful + -itude（感激），2021 全国乙卷
5.-y（表性质 / 状态）
aplgy：aplgize + -y（道歉），2023 北京卷
memry：memrize + -y（记忆），2024 全国甲卷
6.-able/-ible（表 “可…… 的”）
valuable：value + -able（有价值的），2025 全国一卷
reliable：rely + -able（可靠的），2024 新课标 I 卷
suitable：suit + -able（合适的），2025 浙江 1 月卷
flexible：flex + -ible（灵活的），2025 全国一卷
7.-ful（表 “充满…… 的”）
eventful：event + -ful（多事的），2023 新课标 II 卷
cheerful：cheer + -ful（愉快的），2024 北京卷
grateful：grate + -ful（感激的），2021 全国乙卷
pwerful：pwer + -ful（有力的），2020 江苏卷
8.-less（表 “无…… 的”）
helpless：help + -less（无助的），2022 新课标 II 卷
fearless：fear + -less（无畏的），2022 新课标 I 卷
selfless：self + -less（无私的），2023 新课标 I 卷
9.-ive（表 “具有…… 性质的”）
active：act + -ive（积极的），2021 浙江 1 月卷
attractive：attract + -ive（有吸引力的），2024 新课标 I 卷
creative：create + -ive（有创造力的），2020 全国 III 卷
10.-us/-ius（表 “充满…… 的”）
dangerus：danger + -us（危险的），2021 新课标 II 卷
curius：curisity + -ius（好奇的），2025 北京卷
cautius：cautin + -ius（谨慎的），2021 浙江 1 月卷
11.-ize（表 “使…… 化”）
realize：real + -ize（意识到），2020 江苏卷
rganize：rgan + -ize（组织），2023 浙江 1 月卷
12.-en（表 “使…… 变得”）
strengthen：strength + -en（加强），2024 新课标 II 卷
widen：wide + -en（拓宽），2022 新课标 I 卷
举一反三
1.(2025深圳高级中学10月诊断)The lk f 46 wnder n his face was s pure. I was 47 speechless . It made me realize that I had been 48 rushing thrugh life withut truly experiencing its beauty. When we finally mved n, I 49 slwed dwn, trying t see thrugh his eyes.
A. suddenly B. accidentally C. intentinally D. casually
2. (2025深圳高级中学10月诊断)T make the 22(rutine) mre interesting, I bught membership f a lcal aquarium(水族馆). The first trip was 23 , as we battled grups f nisy babies and pupils n a Sunday.
A. bearable B. breathtaking C. predictable D. chatic
3. (2025哈师大附中10月模拟) I instinctively(本能地) pulled ut my phne t get my lcatin, but it 50 died in my hand in the cld air. 51 , I started feeling a bit panicky.
A. Reprtedly B. Admittedly C. Seemingly D. Surprisingly
易错05 固定搭配不掌握而错选
易错典题
【例5】从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2018年全国I卷) In his intrductin, he made it 49 clear that ur credits wuld be hard-earned. In rder t 50 pass the class, amng ther criteria, we had t write a paper n hw we plan t 51 what we wuld learn in class t ur future prfessins and, 52 eventually, t ur lives.
【干货必记】高考完形填空短语真题例句手册（2020-2025）
一、动词短语
cme up with 想出；提出（2024新课标 II 卷）
Families gather fr big meals n Sundays, birthdays, and whatever ther excuses they can cme up with.
pick up 捡起；接载（2023新课标 II 卷）
What I was t d was fly t Tpeka t pick up Tiffy.
make up fr 弥补；补偿（2024 新课标 II 卷）
I tried t make up fr the lst time by wrking harder.
put up with 忍受；容忍（2024 新课标 II 卷）
I can’t put up with his rude behavir any lnger.
break dwn 出故障；崩溃（2024 九省联考卷）
I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn.
keep up with 跟上；不落后（2021浙江 1月卷）
I tried my best t keep up with the ther runners.
hld n t 坚持；抓住（2025 全国二卷）
Hld n t yur dream and never give up.
shw up 出现；露面（2022北京卷）
He waited a lng, lng while fr adults t shw up.
deal with 处理；应对（2024新课标 I 卷）
I have t deal with this prblem befre it gets wrse.
rely n 依靠；依赖（2024浙江 1月卷）
It wuld have been easy t rely n my assumptins abut this highway builder.
pay ff 见效；得到回报（2020 江苏卷）
His effrts finally paid ff when he wn the award.
bring abut 导致；引起（2021新课标 II 卷）
The change brught abut a better life fr the villagers.
get alng with 与…… 相处；进展（2024 浙江 1月卷）
I get alng well with my new classmates.
play a rle in 在…… 中起作用（2021新课标 II 卷）
Kindness plays an imprtant rle in ur daily life.
take part in 参加；参与（2023 新课标 I 卷）
Hundreds f runners tk part in the crss-cuntry race.
let g f 放开；放弃；释怀（2025 全国二卷）
She decided t let g f her past regrets.
stand ut 突出；显眼；脱颖而出（2025 北京卷）
Her kindness made her stand ut amng her classmates.
beat the heat 消暑；降温（2024 九省联考卷）
I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t beat the heat.
lk frward t 期待；盼望（2022 新课标 I 卷）
We are lking frward t the cming vacatin.
help ut 帮忙；协助（2023 新课标 I 卷）
He helped ut his neighbr with the heavy wrk.
carry n 继续；坚持（2025 全国一卷）
We must carry n with ur wrk despite difficulties.
figure ut 弄明白；解决（2022 天津卷）
I culdn’t figure ut why he refused the invitatin.
set ff 出发；动身（2023 浙江 1月卷）
We set ff fr the muntains early in the mrning.
give away 赠送；泄露（2024 全国甲卷）
I gave away my ld bks t the children in pr areas.
二、介词短语
in hnr f 为纪念；向…… 致敬（2025 浙江 1月卷）
Smetimes she prepares traditinal Brazilian dishes in hnr f her native hme.
instead f 代替；而不是（2022 新课标 I 卷）
S instead f tying him up, I just kept a clse eye n him.
apart frm 除…… 之外（2022 新课标 I 卷）
Apart frm his wrk, he has n ther hbbies.
as fr 至于；关于（2022 新课标 I 卷）
As fr me, I prefer t stay at hme n weekends.
in additin t 除…… 之外（还）（2025 浙江 1月卷）
In additin t English, he can speak French and German.
in return fr 作为…… 的回报（2025 浙江 1月卷）
He gave her a bk in return fr her help.
in line with 符合；与…… 一致（2025 浙江 1月卷）
His behavir is in line with his wrds.
n accunt f 由于；因为（2023 四省联考卷）
He failed the exam n accunt f his carelessness.
in case f 万一；如果（2022 新课标 II 卷）
Take an umbrella in case f rain.
in terms f 就…… 而言（2021全国乙卷）
In terms f study, she is the tp student in the class.
by means f 通过；借助于（2020 江苏卷）
He succeeded by means f hard wrk.
in spite f 尽管；不管（2023 浙江 1月卷）
In spite f the rain, we went n a picnic.
regardless f 不管；不顾（2020 全国 I 卷）
She wrks hard regardless f the difficulties.
because f 因为；由于（2024 九省联考卷）
He was late because f the heavy traffic.
thanks t 多亏；由于（2023 新课标 I 卷）
Thanks t his help, we finished the task n time.
accrding t 根据；按照（2025 全国一卷）
Accrding t the weather frecast, it will rain tmrrw.
in frnt f 在…… 前面（2023 新课标 I 卷）
A runner in frnt f her began crying in pain.
at the end f 在…… 末尾（2022 新课标 II 卷）
At the end f the day, we felt tired but happy.
in the middle f 在…… 中间（2022 新课标 I 卷）
We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.
fr the sake f 为了；出于…… 的缘故（2023 浙江 1月卷）
She gave up her jb fr the sake f her family.
举一反三
1. (2026浙江1月卷) “I decided that if nbdy was ging t 44 hire me, I wuld just create a jb fr myself,” says Ursula. She was brn and raised n a large family farm, s the 45idea f an agriculture turism business came naturally t her and began t 46 .
A. gain grundB. take rtC. wrk wndersD. raise cncerns
2. (2026浙江1月卷)While many visitrs have never been t a farm at all, 52 a sunflwer farm, the unique setting allws them t 53 leave the city fr a while, breathe in the fresh air, gain a newfund 54 appreciatin fr agriculture, and maybe even 55 recnnect with their farming rts and what they may have taken fr granted fr t lng.
A. let alneB. except frC. such asD. regardless f
3. (2025全国二卷)My husband and I had just sld ur huse and we were busy 41 the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided n key items fr the 42 apartment we were mving t in twn, dnated what we culd, and rented a place t 43 stre ur suppsedly imprtant bjects.
A. painting verB. lking arundC. emptying utD. pulling dwn
4. (2026浙江1月卷) “It’s a great pprtunity t share my passin fr fd and t 47 meet new peple,” said Ribeir. Smetimes she prepares traditinal Brazilian dishes 48 her native hme; ther times she 49 pairs dinner curses with her favrite beers.
A. in additin t B. in return fr C. in hnr f D. in line with
【01记叙文】（25-26高三上·福建龙岩·月考）I’d been explring the 40-hectare wds arund ur cttage my whle life and I knew the way well. S it was a 1 when I fund myself lst there.
One dull cld February afternn, I had a sudden 2 t hike the hill with my tw daughters. Putting n ur snwshes, we immediately 3 nrthwestward. While making ur way up the hill, my daughters stpped ccasinally t investigate unknwn plants and t lk at the cute squirrels… These really made their 4 .
As the shadws started t 5 , we mved further up. Sn, weariness began t 6 enthusiasm. We decided t return. Instead f backtracking ver ur 7 rute, I chse t walk dwn the steep (陡峭的) side f the hill, 8 my instincts that ahead f us lay the stream that wuld guide us t the rad. But as the terrain (地形) leveled ut, I had my first majr mment f 9 : Where was the stream? Were we ff curse?
I instinctively (本能地) pulled ut my phne t get my lcatin, but it 10 in my hand in the cld air. 11 , I started feeling a bit panicky. Hwever, I quickly 12 myself, reassuring my daughters t cntinue walking. Fcusing n the landmarks, I sptted a familiar tree and eventually 13 the rad.
That winter’s day taught me a valuable lessn abut habitual reliance n technlgy. If my phne had 14 then, I might have directly fllwed the GPS, ignring the ld 15 f depending n surrundings and life skills.
1．A．challengeB．reminderC．rewardD．shck
2．A．discveryB．urgeC．wrryD．respnse
3．A．escapedB．drveC．headedD．lked
4．A．dayB．dreamC．reputatinD．way
5．A．emergeB．swingC．lengthenD．fade
6．A．fuelB．witnessC．verlkD．utpace
7．A．riginalB．rughC．ptinalD．natural
8．A．appreciatingB．trustingC．avidingD．assessing
9．A．dubtB．cmparisnC．curisityD．anticipatin
10．A．flashedB．slippedC．diedD．rang
11．A．ReprtedlyB．AdmittedlyC．SeeminglyD．Surprisingly
12．A．expsedB．cmpsedC．defendedD．behaved
13．A．gt ffB．laid dwnC．came acrssD．made ut
14．A．changedB．remainedC．wrkedD．verheated
15．A．practiceB．standardC．theryD．principle
【02记叙文】（25-26高三上·广东·月考）As a teenager grwing up in Great Britain, Lla Andersn was inspired by the rwing events at the 2012 Lndn Olympics.
Mved by the athletes’ strength and determinatin, she decided t 1 the sprt herself. In her diary, she expressed her dream f winning an Olympic gld medal in rwing. Embarrassed by her 2 dream, Lla tre ut the diary page. “I threw that away because I didn’t believe,” Andersn 3 , “I was 14 then, s why wuld I believe? Yung girls struggle t see themselves as strng, athletic individuals, but that’s 4 nw.” Despite her initial 5 , Andersn pursued rwing with her father’s supprt.
In 2019, as Dn Andersn 6 cancer, he presented Lla with a 7 . He held pen his hand t 8 the page she had trn frm her diary years earlier. Dn had fund it in the trash (垃圾筒) and kept it, 9 she wuld need it ne day. Dn 10 mnths later, but his faith in his daughter’s dream remained.
His 11 gesture wrked n Wednesday when Andersn cmpeted in her first Olympic Games as part f the wmen’s quadruple sculls (四人双桨) rwing team. Her team 12 the gld medal by a mere 0.15 secnds. After the race, Andersn reflected n her father’s firm supprt.
“It’s a piece f paper, but it’s the mst valuable thing I have,” she said. “Maybe jintly with the 13 nw.”
Lla Andersn’s 14 frm a self-dubting teenager t an Olympic champin serves as 15 f the pwer f dreams and the lasting impact f a father’s lve.
1. A. take upB. lk intC. live upnD. fight fr
2. A. greedyB. achievableC. shallwD. wild
3. A. imaginedB. regrettedC. addedD. recalled
4. A. changingB. strengtheningC. wrseningD. speeding
5. A. reslutinB. dubtC. cnfidenceD. wrry
6. A. studiedB. battledC. defeatedD. prevented
7. A. wishB. blwC. prmiseD. surprise
8. A. thrwB. revealC. fldD. release
9. A. advcatingB. prvingC. feelingD. wndering
10. A. passed awayB. died ffC. set ffD. went away
11. A. symblicB. generusC. expressiveD. predictive
12. A. baggedB. frgttenC. lstD. recvered
13. A. supprtB. teamC. medalD. rwing
14. A. jurneyB. rangeC. departureD. achievement
15. A. adviceB. beliefC. memryD. prf
【03记叙文】（25-26高三上·浙江绍兴·月考）I was a painfully shy bkwrm, hiding behind thick nvels t avid cnversatin. My secret shelter was the dusty twn 1 . One rainy afternn, I watched in hrrr as ld Mr. Clark, the librarian, awkwardly 2 a twering pile f bks. The ancient Oxfrd English Dictinary, the library’s crwn jewel, 3 frm his grasp and landed in a deep puddle (小水坑) with a 4 splash (溅泼声).
While everyne cried in shck, I 5 withut a secnd thught. I raced utside, scped up (捡起) the dripping giant, and 6 it t the cunter. “We need paper twels 7 !” I instructed, my vice surprisingly 8 . “And smene call a bk cnservatr!”
T my 9 , they listened. Fr the next hur, I directed the rescue peratin with knwledge I’d 10 frm reading abut bk preservatin. The dictinary 11 .
Mr. Clark later tld me, “Yu weren’t just saving a bk tday. Yu were 12 .” That wet dictinary taught me that curage isn’t the absence f fear, but the strng 13 that smething else matters mre. My 14 , I discvered, was there all alng — it just needed the right 15 t be heard.
1. A. hallB. libraryC. mallD. museum
2. A. readB. printedC. handledD. published
3. A. slippedB. riginatedC. departedD. disappeared
4. A. sickeningB. appealingC. pressingD. freezing
5. A. leftB. rseC. screamedD. acted
6. A. shiftedB. fixedC. rushedD. attached
7. A. frequentlyB. immediatelyC. admittedlyD. relatively
8. A. firmB. flatC. thrilledD. awed
9. A. frustratinB. satisfactinC. disappintmentD. astnishment
10. A. brrwedB. absrbedC. remvedD. made
11. A. bmbedB. emergedC. survivedD. existed
12. A. leadingB. actingC. grwingD. reacting
13. A. explanatinB. prfC. infrmatinD. belief
14. A. prpsalB. viceC. pininD. ambitin
15. A. psitinB. venueC. persnD. mment
【04说明文】（2026·河北沧州·一模）Music is part f every culture n the Earth, which can be pleasant, sad, rmantic, sleepy, healing — all kinds f things. But what is it? Sme peple call it an art that sunds 1 time. Our ears receive it as lud r 2 , high r lw, rapid and shrt, r slw and fast. The sunds need t cntinue fr a time in sme srt f pattern t becme 3 .
Music, like 4 , is a human frm f cmmunicatin. As with language, there are many different kinds. In Nrth America, peple listen t jazz, rck, classical, flk, cuntry, and many ther kinds f music. Each kind f music has its wn rules and " 5 " t us in its wn way.
N ne knws fr sure when music 6 . Perhaps while wrking, peple sang t make it g faster. Peple wh were 7 mvements — picking crps r rwing bats, fr example — culd sing in time 8 fr the wrk. Navaj Indians, fr example, had crn-grinding sngs.
Over time, peple 9 musical instruments. They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their 10 . Sticks and bjects that rattled (碰响) culd have 11 the human bdy as early 12 . Bth instruments and music became mre cmplex (复杂) with time.
Tday, music in many cultures cnsists f art music and music f the peple. Art music, which we call classical music, is mre 13 than the music f the peple — 14 music and ppular music. Art music is generally harder t write and perfrm. Musicians wh perfrm it need a lt f 15 . Ppular and flk styles typically are easier t create, perfrm, and understand.
1. A. inB. verC. againstD. acrss
2. A. smallB. nisyC. sftD. distant
3. A. musicB. tuneC. symphnyD. masterpiece
4. A. breathB. jazzC. chrusD. language
5. A. weepsB. turnsC. speaksD. whispers
6. A. recrdedB. beganC. cmpsedD. transfrmed
7. A. pssessingB. accmpanyingC. cmbiningD. repeating
8. A. giftedB. particularC. suitableD. dramatic
9. A. defendedB. develpedC. deservedD. guaranteed
10. A. feetB. facesC. vlumesD. rhythms
11. A. vercmeB. sweptC. replacedD. steamed
12. A. imagesB. adaptatinC. musicD. instruments
13. A. essentialB. impressiveC. unusualD. cmplicated
14. A. flkB. ruralC. jazzD. grand
15. A. trainingB. encuragementC. reputatinD. expectatin
【05说明文】（2026高三·全国·专题练习）After Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little land patch, they faced a prblem f birds feeding n their precius crps. Then, a man stpped utside their huse, asking the cuple if he culd take 1 f the birds n the prperty. Afterwards, he suggested that 2 getting rid f the birds, they shuld learn t 3 them, and Maraksacha Reserve was brn.
Tday, the cuple 4 the celebrated bird phtgrapher Manu Espinsa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade thers f the vital imprtance f cnservatin here.
Birding turism is 5 in Ecuadr, with increasing numbers f specialist tur grups. Ecuadr 6 a variety f ecsystems at differing altitudes, which explains why it’s amng the tp 10 cuntries glbally fr bird 7 . The cuntry is hme t ver 1,600 bird species — nearly duble the 8 fund in Eurpe.
As the business f birding grws, mre and mre farmers 9 their land frm agriculture t bird reserves, 10 nt just the birds, but the cuntry’s 11 t. One ntable example is the Ajila family, wh have been 12 preserving the lng-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recint, Luis Ajila has turned dairy farming t cnservatin, replanting trees and prmting the site t wildlife turists — wrk that he says is a 13 livelihd than farming.
“Wildlife turism is much mre 14 than farming, but that wasn’t ur nly 15 ,” says Luis Jr., Ajila’s sn. “We aimed t prtect nt just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them fr future generatins.” Since then, thusands f peple have made the pilgrimage.
1. A. risksB. cmmandsC. phtgraphsD. ntes
2. A. tgether withB. instead fC. apart frmD. aside by
3. A. live alngsideB. d withutC. run acrssD. drive away
4. A. anticipateB. cnsiderC. thankD. credit
5. A. runningB. flurishingC. cntrllingD. praising
6. A. purchasesB. rbsC. bastsD. discvers
7. A. beautyB. envirnmentC. habitatD. diversity
8. A. qualityB. heightC. balanceD. quantity
9. A. switchB. stpC. defendD. highlight
10. A. shrinkingB. benefitingC. testingD. varying
11. A. fateB. securityC. ecnmyD. identity
12. A. satisfied withB. wrried abutC. surprised atD. devted t
13. A. lazierB. clearerC. slwerD. better
14. A. adaptableB. prfitableC. sciableD. adrable
15. A. dnatinB. actinC. mtivatinD. instructin