高考英语一模突破卷04（上海专用）（全解全析）

这是一份高考英语一模突破卷04（上海专用）（全解全析），共34页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
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3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Cmprehensin （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．
A．Clleagues.B．Mther and sn.
C．Emplyer and emplyee.D．Husband and wife.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Jhn, dn’t yu remember yur prmise?
M: Yes, but this is nt a game. It’s nly a crsswrd puzzle that helps increase my vcabulary.
Q: What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
2．
A．The effects f the fld.B．The fight against the fld.
C．The cause f the fld.D．The ten flds f the year.
【答案】A
【原文】M: This has been the wrst fld in the past 10 years, causing much damage and destructin.
W: N wnder fruits and vegetables are s expensive.
Q: What are they talking abut?
3．
A．They were bth busy ding their wn wrk.
B．They waited fr each ther at different places.
C．They went t the street crner at different times.
D．The man went t the cncert but the wman didn’t.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Gerge, I expected t see yu at the cncert yesterday evening.
M: Oh, I waited fr yu at the crner f yur street, but yu didn’t appear.
Q: Why didn’t they meet that evening?
4．
A．At Mary Jhnsn’s.B．At a painter’s studi.
C．In an exhibitin hall.D．Outside an art gallery.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Since it’s raining s hard, let’s g and see the new exhibits.
W: That’s a gd idea. Mary Jhnsn is ne f my favrite painters.
Q: Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
5．
A．He saw the big twer n TV.B．He has visited the TV twer nce.
C．He has visited the TV twer twice.D．He will visit the TV twer in June.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Did yu visit the TV Twer when yu had yur vacatin in Shanghai last summer?
M: I culdn’t make it last June. But I finally visited it tw mnths later.
Q: What d we learn abut the man?
6．
A．She is nt interested in the article.B．She has given the man t much truble.
C．She likes t have a cpy f the article.D．She has difficulty reading the article.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Wuld yu like a cpy f Prfessr Smith’s article?
W: Thanks, if it’s nt t much truble.
Q: What des the wman imply?
7．
A．The man’s huse is very dirty.B．The man has t get rid f the ld furniture.
C．The furniture is cvered with lts f dust.D．The furniture the man bught is inexpensive.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Yu’ve already changed a huse?
M: N. I bught sme used furniture, dirt, cheap but nice.
Q: What d we learn frm the cnversatin?
8．
A．New students are usually unfair.B．The teacher lacks teaching experience.
C．She desn’t agree with the man.D．The man had better talk with the students.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluatin.
W: It depends n which student yu are talking abut.
Q: What des the wman imply?
9．
A．He has fund a very gd jb.B．He desn’t feel at ease in the firm.
C．He has been cnsidered as a fl.D．He desn’t get n with the thers.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Jerry, I hear yu’ll be leaving at the end f this mnth. Is it true?
M: Yeah. I’ve been ffered a better psitin frm anther cmpany. I’d be a fl if I turned it dwn.
Q: Why is the man giving up his present jb?
10．
A．A plane ticket.B．A shpping experience.
C．An imaginary situatin.D．A vacatin by the sea.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Jane, if yu lst yur mney while taking a vacatin verseas, what wuld yu d?
W: Well, I guess I’d sell my watch r cmputer r find sme wrk till I culd affrd a return ticket.
Q: What are the speakers talking abut?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin. The shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage
11．A．The film is made up f wrld classics.
B．Mamma Mia has mved frm the stage t the screen.
C．Mamma Mia tells Sufi’s search fr her mther.
D．The stry f Mamma Mia has a lt t d with the band.
12．A．In Sweden.B．In Shanghai.
C．In Lndn.D．In America.
13．A．The mature cast.
B．The stry with ABBA music.
C．The Eurpean Sng Cntest 1984 champin.
D．The Chinese versin f Mamma f 2011.
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A
【原文】
The ever s-belved West End musical Mamma Mia has finally been taken frm the stage t the screen. The film is a musical based n the legendary Swedish pp band ABBA’S sngs and it is the film adaptatin f the musical f the same name. Mamma Mia uses the music f ABBA t tell the stry f Sphie Sheridan, a 21-year-ld American bride-t-be, trying t find ut the identity f her real father s that he can give her away at the wedding. Since the first perfrmance f the musical in Lndn in 1999, ver 30 millin peple have seen Mamma Mia arund the wrld. Althugh the name f the musical is taken frm ABBA’s 1975 chart-tpper Mamma Mia, neither the musical’s nr the film’s plt has anything t d with the stry f the grup itself. The band ABBA was the winner f the 1974 Sng Cntest f Eurpe and fllwing that success their sngs tpped the charts wrldwide until the early 1980s. The name ABBA is shrt fr the first letters f the grup member’s first names. Sme peple say maybe it is the mature A-list cast that makes the film wrk s well. Pierce Brsnan, Clin Firth and Stellan Skarsgard star as the three ptential dads with the Oscar winner Meryl Streep starring as the mum f the bride-t-be. In 2011, the Chinese versin first appeared in Shanghai, becming the first Chinese-language musical adaptatin t hit the market.Questins:
11. What can be learned abut the film Mamma Mia frm the passage?
12. Where was Mamma Mia first put n the stage?
13. What made the film s successful accrding t the passage?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．Leisure activities.B．Ppular TV stars.
C．Outdr sprts.D．Family time.
15．A．Driving.B．Gardening.
C．Eating ut.D．Surfing.
16．A．Ging t the bars.B．Playing nline games.
C．Watching TV.D．Reading nvels.
【答案】14．A 15．C 16．B
【原文】
A recent survey f leisure time finds that many Americans wrk an average f 50 hurs a week. With the time spent eating, sleeping and taking care f the husehld duties, there’s little time left fr leisure activities fr many Americans. Hwever, having free time t relax and pursue hbbies is imprtant. Peple need time away frm the pressures f study r wrk t relax and enjy time with friends and family. In different cuntries free time is spent in different ways. The results f the survey shwed that reading was the mst ppular spare time activity in the U.S, fllwed by watching TV. In a UK survey n leisure time activities, watching TV and vides was the mst ppular. Listening t the radi came secnd. In a similar survey cnducted in Japan, the mst ppular free time activity was eating ut. The secnd mst ppular activity was driving. There were als differences in the mst ppular utdr pursuits between the three cuntries. The mst ppular utdr activity fr Americans was gardening. In the UK, it was ging t the pub. In Japan, ging t bars ranked eighth in ppularity and gardening ranked ninth. Althugh peple arund the wrld may enjy ding similar things in their free time, there’s evidence t suggest that these interests are changing. In the US, fr example, the ppularity f cmputer activities is increasing. Many mre peple in the States are spending their free time surfing the web, emailing friends r playing games nline.Questins:
14. What is the recent survey abut?
15. What is the mst ppular free-time activity in Japan?
16. What interest has been grwing in America these years accrding t the passage?
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are bused n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．At a travel agency.B．At a lcal restaurant.
C．At a htel receptin.D．At an Australian airprt.
18．A．Free wine is ffered.B．The price is reasnable.
C．She carries a lt f luggage.D．She travels with her family.
19．A．One week.B．Tw weeks.
C．Fur nights.D．Five nights.
20．A．She can cme back fr Christmas.
B．She can drink the best wine f Australia.
C．She can chse the activities she likes.
D．She can bk a hliday anywhere.
【答案】17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C
【原文】M: Gd afternn. Srry t have kept yu waiting. Hw can I help yu?
W: Oh, n prblem. I’m interested in bking a hliday t Australia and wnder if yu culd tell me what deals yu have.
M: Sure. Are yu nly lking fr flights r a package hliday with everything included?
W: When yu say “everything”, what d yu mean?
M: Well, a package hliday wuld include yur flights, htels, meals, day trips t different places f interest and transprt t and frm the airprt.
W: Yeah, that sunds pretty gd. I’m ging with my family, s it wuld be nice t have everything taken care f.
M: S what srt f deals d yu have fr package hlidays, then?
W: All srts, really.
M: Hw lng d yu want t g fr? And n what dates?
W: Tw weeks arund Christmas time wuld be great.
M: OK, let me check that fr yu. Here’s ne, 14 nights in sutheastern Australia, 5 nights in Sydney and 5 nights in Melburne. And then fr the ther 4 nights, yu can chse frm a list f trips t ther places nearby. Yu culd visit Canberra, fr example, r the Blue Muntains. Or yu culd g fr a drive dwn the Great Ocean Rad. Als, if yu’re interested in wine, yu culd g n a tur f the places where they grw grapes and make wine.
W: That sunds great. It’s gd we can chse sme activities urselves.
Questins:
17. Where is the cnversatin taking place?
18. Why is the wman interested in the package hliday?
19. Hw lng des the wman want t g fr the hliday?
20. What can we learn abut the hliday the wman chses?
II.Grammar and Vcabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The pwer f the pen
Numerus studies highlight the psychlgical benefits f writing. Fr example, researchers fund that participants wh engaged in a six-week prgram f expressive writing imprved their mental tughness.
In anther study, researchers analyzed brain scans t see hw writing abut negative events affected the way such events 21 (prcess) and handled. They cncluded that expressive writing might be an effective tl t address negative emtins and 22 writing abut a past failure culd imprve learning.
Last year, brain researchers demnstrated that writing by hand 23 typing with a keybard prmted mre cmplex brain cnnectivity, which was crucial fr memry frmatin.
These findings suggest that the prcess f writing allws yu 24 (clarify) thughts and “internalize” them, thus increasing the benefits.
T cultivate the habit f writing, try the tw tips. Write t peple yu lve.
When yu write with yur audience in mind, yu relate t them. Mst imprtantly, yu share smething precius with lved nes. Think f hw yu felt the last time smene yu cared abut 25 (take) time t write yu a heartfelt message. Yu can even use this as an pprtunity t save relatinships that need 26 (heal) r just t get an extra smile ut f smene. Write appreciatin ntes at wrk.
When Dug Cnant tk ver as CEO at Campbell’s, he transfrmed the cmpany culture frm unpleasant t award-winning. “Mst cultures dn’t d a gd jb f celebrating cntributins, s I made 27 a practice t write thank-yu ntes t ur emplyees.” Cnant said, “Over 10 years, it amunted t mre than 30,000 ntes, 28 we had nly 20,000 emplyees. Wherever I’d g in the wrld, yu’d find my handwritten ntes 29 (display) n emplyees’ bulletin bards(公告栏).”
In tday’s digital wrld 30 mst cmmunicatin is electrnic, writing heartfelt thank-yu ntes enhances emtinal intelligence and strengthens relatinships. It makes yur wrkplace r hme better.
【答案】
21．were prcessed 22．that 23．instead f/rather than 24．t clarify 25．tk 26．healing/t be healed 27．it 28．thugh/althugh 29．displayed 30．where
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了写作的力量，包括写作对心理的益处、对大脑的影响，以及培养写作习惯的方法。
21．考查时态和语态。句意：在另一项研究中，研究人员分析了脑部扫描，以了解写下负面事件如何影响此类事件被处理和应对的方式。“such events”是定语从句的主语，与“prcess”是被动关系，即事件被处理，根据上下文时态为一般过去时，故填 were prcessed。
22．考查宾语从句。句意：他们得出结论，表达性写作可能是处理负面情绪的有效工具，并且写下过去的失败可以促进学习。前文“that”引导的第一个宾语从句是“expressive writing might be an effective tl t address negative emtins”，第二个宾语从句，从句结构和句意完整，连接词为that。故填 that。
23．考查介词短语。句意：去年，大脑研究人员证明，手写而不是用键盘打字能促进更复杂的大脑连接，这对记忆形成至关重要。这里是在对比手写和打字对大脑连接的不同作用，强调手写的优势，所以用 “instead f” 或 “rather than” 连接，故填 instead f/rather than。
24．考查不定式。句意：这些发现表明，写作的过程能让你理清思绪并将其 “内化”，从而增加益处。“allw sb. t d sth.”允许某人做某事。故填 t clarify。
25．考查时态。句意：想想上次你在乎的人花时间给你写了一封真心的信时你是什么感受。the last time引导的时间状语从句，描述过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。故填 tk。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：你甚至可以利用这个机会来挽救需要修复的关系，或者只是让某人开心一下。need作实义动词时，且物做主语时，后面接动词的-ing 形式或不定式的被动形式，表示 “需要被……”。故填 healing/t be healed。
27．考查形式宾语。句意：康纳特说：“大多数公司文化在表彰贡献方面做得不好，所以我把给员工写感谢信作为一种惯例”“make it a practice t d sth.” 是固定结构，“it” 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 “t write thank-yu ntes t ur emplyees”。故填 it。
28．考查连词。句意：在 10 多年的时间里，（感谢信）总数超过了 3 万封，尽管我们只有 2 万名员工。“thugh” 或 “althugh” 引导让步状语从句，表示 “尽管，虽然”，在这里连接两个有转折关系的句子。故填 thugh/althugh。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我走到世界的哪里，你都会发现我手写的便条被展示在员工的公告栏上。my handwritten ntes与display 为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 displayed。
30．考查定语从句。句意：在当今大多数交流都是电子形式的数字世界里，写衷心的感谢信能提高情商并加强人际关系。修饰先行词 “digital wrld”，在从句中作地点状语，表示 “在这个数字世界里”。用关系副词where。故填 where。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
（新题材）Find Yur Life’s Wrk
Everyne has their wn life values. Yu wnder what yur vcatin is and where yu culd successfully 31 yur ptential? Here are sme tips.
● Turn Passin int Prfit
D nt 32 this statement: find smething yu like and yu wn’t have t wrk a day. There is n better 33 than getting gd mney fr yur hbby. S, think abut what yu really like t d even fr free. Even if yu nly lve t play nline games and taste delicius fd, yu can g fr cking r tasting, game develpment r g int e-sprts, start a thematic blg—as yu can see, there are a lt f ptins.
● Imagine an Ideal Wrld
Anther way t understand what is mst imprtant t yu is t reflect n what an ideal wrld shuld lk like. Perhaps yur purpse is 34 t bring the real wrld clser t this ideal image. Dn’t limit yurself t 35 . Let g f fantasy and let yurself just dream. Write dwn any thughts that cme t mind. Pay attentin t all the details and 36 , and then think abut hw t translate them int reality.
● Recall Yur Best Mments
T determine yur tp 37 , think abut the mments in which yu experienced the greatest jy. What has given yu the mst satisfactin in the past? Take a little time and remember all the times when yu were sincerely glad. S, yu will understand what yur main 38 are at this stage f life.
● Create a Radmap
Yu’ve identified yur gals. Nw, develp a detailed plan, like drawing a map frm yur current life t yur desired future. Find the best rute frm pint A t pint B．Think abut what skills yu need t 39 and what daily habits are wrth adding t yur life. The mre specific pints yu put n the map, the easier it will be t 40 them and start mving twards yur gal.
【答案】
31．D 32．K 33．I 34．G 35．C 36．A 37．H 38．E 39．B 40．J
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了如何找到自己毕生的事业，并给出了一些实用的建议。
31．考查动词。句意：你想知道你的职业是什么，以及你在哪里可以成功地发挥你的潜力？根据句意“发挥潜力”可知，空格处应填动词fulfill作谓语，意为“实现，发挥”，情态动词culd后跟动词原形。故选D项。
32．考查动词。句意：不要怀疑这句话：找到你喜欢的事情，你就一天都不用工作。根据句意“怀疑”可知，空格处应填动词suspect作谓语，在祈使句中用动词原形。故选K项。
33．考查名词。句意：没有什么比从你的爱好中获得好报酬更好的前景了。根据句意“前景”可知，空格处应填名词prspect作主语，结合系词is可知，主语是单数名词或者不可数名词。故选I项。
34．考查副词。句意：也许你的目的就是正是把现实世界带得更接近这个理想形象。根据句意“正是”可知，空格处应填副词precisely修饰动词bring，作状语。故选G项。
35．考查名词。句意：不要把自己限制在界限内。根据句意“界限”可知，空格处应填名词bundary，且为可数名词，表“范围；界限”常用复数形式。故选C项。
36．考查名词。句意：注意所有的细节和口音，然后想想如何把它们变成现实。根据句意“口音”以及后文“translate them int reality”可知，用名词accent作宾语，考虑到在此语境下，accent在广义上也可以理解为某种“特点”或“特色”，且下文中有复数代词them，故此处用复数形式更为贴切。故选A项。
37．考查名词。句意：要确定你的首要任务，想想你经历最大快乐的时刻。根据句意“首要任务”可知，空格处应填名词pririty作宾语，此处指你的首要任务，应用单数形式。故选H项。
38．考查名词。句意：所以，你会明白在这个阶段的生活中你的主要准则是什么。根据句意“准则”可知，空格处应填名词guideline作从句主语，可数名词，结合系动词are可知，主语复数名词。故选E项。
39．考查动词。句意：想想你需要获得什么技能，以及什么日常习惯值得添加到你的生活中。根据句意“获得”可知，空格处应填动词acquire，且need t d sth.为固定短语，用原形构成不定式作宾语。故选B项。
40．考查动词。句意：你在地图上标注的点越具体，就越容易把它们列入日程并开始朝着你的目标前进。根据句意“列入日程”可知，空格处应填动词schedule，用原形构成不定式短语。故选J项。
III.Reading Cmprehensin (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
（新情境）Ever wndered why yu reach fr a snack after hitting the gym? Research shws that physical exercise ften leads t 41 fd cnsumptin. With cuntless sprts events 42 , a new questin arises: Can watching sprts n a screen als influence hw much we eat?
The answer is yes. Our research reveals that watching sprts vides can increase candy cnsumptin. But there is mre t the stry: the 43 f the sprts yu are watching plays a crucial rle in these effects.
We first invited 112 students t the lab t watch a vide and test sme candies. The students wh saw the sprts vide ate mre candies than thse wh saw the ne withut physical activity. T learn mre, we invited just the female students t watch vides 44 either easy r difficult-t-perfrm sprts. Students wh watched the easy sprts vide ate much mre. We can thus cnclude that the ease f the exercise shwn 45 impacts candy cnsumptin.
T explain ur findings, we lked at research n gal 46 . When peple feel they are nt meeting a gal, they push harder; but nce they see 47 , they tend t relax. Fr example, after a wrkut, thse aiming t stay fit might feel they have achieved advancement and then ease up n their effrts. This can lead t a 48 in the drive t pursue related gals, like healthy eating. Research shws that achieving smaller gals (like exercising) can make peple feel they have earned a(n) 49 , which results in vereating. S cmpleting a wrkut might make yu mre likely t 50 yurself with extra fd than if yu had nt finished yur sessin.
S what is the 51 fr us? Be mindful f hw watching sprts can affect ur eating habits. If yu are aiming t stay n track with yur diet, watch mre 52 sprts. Mrever, when setting dieting gals, remind yurself that real prgress cmes frm 53 effrt, nt just imagining yurself ding a wrkut. Engage in activities that genuinely challenge yu, and pair them with healthy eating habits. This way, yu can avid the trap f feeling the fitness gal t be 54 accmplished and then vereating.
In cnclusin, shuld yu watch the Olympic Games if yu want t 55 yur diet? Of curse, but it might be better t chse the physical activities yu find the mst difficult t perfrm — and watch them withut mderatin.
41．A．wastefulB．increasedC．prcessedD．healthy
42．A．airingB．happeningC．celebratingD．unflding
43．A．categryB．lengthC．difficultyD．audience
44．A．testingB．prmtingC．capturingD．explaining
45．A．misleadinglyB．frequentlyC．rarelyD．significantly
46．A．feasibilityB．mtivatinC．visualizatinD．clarity
47．A．hpeB．videsC．treatsD．prgress
48．A．delayB．drpC．dubtD．cnfidence
49．A．breakB．hnrC．dietD．title
50．A．sustainB．prepareC．cheatD．reward
51．A．transitinB．stimulatinC．implicatinD．interventin
52．A．instructiveB．relaxingC．influentialD．challenging
53．A．cnsistentB．prspectiveC．ultimateD．individual
54．A．verlyB．barelyC．prematurelyD．remarkably
55．A．put up withB．keep up withC．make up frD．set up fr
【答案】
41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，在屏幕上观看体育比赛会影响我们的食量，运动的容易程度对我们的食量有显著影响。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，体育锻炼往往会导致食物摄入量增加。A. wasteful浪费的；B. increased增加的；C. prcessed经过加工的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ever wndered why yu reach fr a snack after hitting the gym?”可知，我们在健身房锻炼后想要吃零食，由此可知，体育锻炼往往会导致食物摄入量增加，所以想要吃零食。故选B项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着无数体育赛事的播出，一个新的问题出现了：在屏幕上观看体育比赛是否也会影响我们的食量？A. airing播出；B. happening发生；C. celebrating庆祝；D. unflding展开。根据下文“Can watching sprts n a screen als influence hw much we eat?”可知，下文讨论的是在屏幕上观看体育比赛是否也会影响我们的食量，由此可知，句中指无数体育赛事在电视上播出。故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但事实不止如此：你正在观看的运动的难度在这些影响中起着至关重要的作用。A. categry类别；B. length长度；C. difficulty难度；D. audience观众。根据下文“Students wh watched the easy sprts vide ate much mre.”可知，研究发现，观看简单体育视频的学生吃得更多，由此可知，观看的运动的难度影响我们的食量。故选C项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了了解更多信息，我们只邀请了女生观看拍摄简单或困难运动的视频。A. testing测试；B. prmting提升；C. capturing拍摄；D. explaining解释。根据上文“the _____ f the sprts yu are watching plays a crucial rle in these effects.”可知，研究是为了确认观看的运动的难度是否会影响我们的食量，由此可知，视频中拍摄了简单或困难的运动。故选C项。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以得出结论，运动的容易程度对糖果的消耗有显著影响。A. misleadingly误导地；B. frequently频繁地；C. rarely很少地；D. significantly显著地。根据上文“Students wh watched the easy sprts vide ate much mre.”可知，观看简单体育视频的学生吃更多糖果，由此可知，运动的容易程度对糖果的消耗有显著影响。故选D项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解释我们的发现，我们看了关于目标动机的研究。A. feasibility可行性；B. mtivatin动机；C. visualizatin可视化；D. clarity清晰。根据下文“When peple feel they are nt meeting a gal, they push harder; but nce they see _____, they tend t relax.”可知，当人们觉得自己没有达到目标时，他们会更加努力；但一旦他们看到进步，他们往往会放松，也就是说，是否实现目标会影响我们的心态，从而影响我们进食数量的动机，由此可知，这里是关于目标动机的研究。故选B项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们觉得自己没有达到目标时，他们会更加努力；但一旦他们看到进步，他们往往会放松。A. hpe希望；B. vides录像；C. treats款待；D. prgress进步。根据下文“Fr example, after a wrkut, thse aiming t stay fit might feel they have achieved advancement and then ease up n their effrts.”可知，锻炼后，人们可能会觉得自己取得了进步，然后放松了努力，由此可知，一旦人们看到进步，往往会放松。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会导致追求健康饮食等相关目标的动力的下降。A. delay延迟；B. drp下降；C. dubt疑惑；D. cnfidence信心。根据上文“Fr example, after a wrkut, thse aiming t stay fit might feel they have achieved advancement and then ease up n their effrts.”可知，锻炼后，人们可能会觉得自己取得了进步，然后放松了努力，由此可知，人们放松了努力，不再追求健康饮食，会导致追求健康饮食等相关目标的动力的下降。故选B项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，实现较小的目标（如锻炼）会让人觉得自己得到了休息机会，从而导致暴饮暴食。A. break休息；B. hnr荣誉；C. diet日常饮食；D. title标题。根据句中“which results in vereating”可知，暴饮暴食是因为人们觉得实现了一个小目标，可以休息一下了，所以不再追求健康饮食，开始暴饮暴食。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，比起没有完成锻炼，完成一项锻炼可能会让你更有可能用额外的食物来奖励自己。A. sustain维持；B. prepare准备；C. cheat欺骗；D. reward奖励。根据上文“Research shws that achieving smaller gals (like exercising) can make peple feel they have earned a(n) _____, which results in vereating.”可知，实现较小的目标会导致暴饮暴食，由此可知，完成一项锻炼后，你会用额外的食物来奖励自己。故选D项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，这对我们来说可能的影响是什么？A. transitin转变；B. stimulatin激励；C. implicatin可能的影响；D. interventin干预。根据下文“Be mindful f hw watching sprts can affect ur eating habits.”可知，通过研究结果，我们要注意看运动会如何影响我们的饮食习惯，由此可知，问句问的是这项研究发现会给我们带来什么影响。故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你的目标是保持饮食正常，那就观看更具挑战性的运动。A. instructive有益的；B. relaxing令人放松的；C. influential有很大影响的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据上文“Students wh watched the easy sprts vide ate much mre.”可知，观看简单体育视频的学生吃得更多，由此可知，如果你想保持饮食正常，就不要看简单的体育视频，要观看更具挑战性的运动。故选D项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，在设定节食目标时，提醒自己真正的进步来自持续的努力，而不仅仅是想象自己在锻炼。A. cnsistent持续的；B. prspective潜在的；C. ultimate最终的；D. individual单独的。根据句中“nt just imagining yurself ding a wrkut”可知，我们不要想象自己在锻炼，由此可知，真正的进步来自持续的努力，而不是有进步就放纵。故选A项。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这样，你就可以避免落入感觉健身目标过早实现，然后暴饮暴食的陷阱。A. verly过于；B. barely仅仅，几乎没有；C. prematurely过早地；D. remarkably显著地。根据上文“Engage in activities that genuinely challenge yu, and pair them with healthy eating habits.”可知，参与真正挑战你的活动能够避免落入感觉健身目标过早实现的陷阱。故选C项。
55．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：总之，如果你想保持饮食习惯，你应该看奥运会吗？A. put up with忍受；B. keep up with跟上，与……保持联系；C. make up fr弥补；D. set up fr为……设置。根据下文“Of curse, but it might be better t chse the physical activities yu find the mst difficult t perfrm — and watch them withut mderatin.”可知，最好选择你觉得最难进行的体育活动，并适度观看，由此可知，句中指如果你想保持饮食习惯，要看最难进行的体育活动，避免放松导致暴饮暴食。故选B项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
Dave McNee met Claudia Mandekic 14 years ag. When she tld McNee hw hard it culd be t get students excited abut math, her favurite discipline, he made a surprising suggestin: “Why nt thrw in smething they enjy, like sprts?” The idea f mixing basketball and mathematics gt its first sht in 2011, when the nw clleagues — wh had launched a tutring nn-prfit — were invited t run a summer-schl prgram fr kids wh’d failed Grade 9 math at Gerges Secndary Schl.
When the students shwed up fr their first day, they weren’t exactly excited. Over the next few hurs, Mandekic and McNee gave the kids techniques t imprve their shting while als helping them calculate their field-gal percentage — which, in turn, taught them abut fractins and decimal (分数和小数) pints. At the end f the game, the winning team was determined based n which grup had the highest ttal percentage and had dne the mst efficient math. “When the bell rang, they were s fixated n cllecting their data and figuring ut which team wn that they didn’t leave,” says Mandekic. “I realized we might be nt smething.”
The classes, later named BallMatics, sn spread t ther schls. “I was terrible at math,” says Duglas, wh enrlled in a fast-track summer prgram. “But nce I started BallMatics and realized the sprt I lved was directly tied t math, it made me a lt better at it. Every time I played basketball, I was thinking abut math.”
Almst any math prblem, McNee and Mandekic realized, can be taught n the curt. Kids can learn hw t navigate an X-Y grid t find their next shting spt r absrb the basic principles f trignmetry based n the angle at which they release the ball. In 2019, McNec and Mandekic established a private high schl called Uchenna Academy. At the schl, kids with tp basketball skills can study all subjects, train at their sprt and wrk part-time helping ut with the BallMatics afterschl prgrams.
Duglas, nw 20 and earning a degree in educatin believes the schl’s cmmitment t academics is the key reasn it’s been a winner. “If we didn’t d ur wrk, we weren’t playing at the game,” he says, adding that caches wuld bench kids wh didn’t keep up in class. “At Uchenna, we were student athletes, nt athlete students.”
56．The first tw paragraphs are intended t tell the readers ______.
A．the rigin f BallMaticsB．the challenges facing BallMatics
C．the start f a lifelng friendshipD．the dedicatin f the yung teachers
57．What made Mandekic and McNee realize that they “might be nt smething”?
A．The students’ prgress in their mathematic skills.
B．The students’ changed attitude twards math.
C．The data cllected abut the students’ gal percentage.
D．The efficiency in determining the winning team.
58．What will happen t the kids wh dn’t d well in class accrding t Duglas?
A．They will be frbidden t leave any training sessin.
B．They will be bliged t earn a training degree first.
C．They will have t attend classes at a private schl.
D．They will be banned frm playing in the game.
59．The best title fr the article is ______.
A．The Basics f MathB．The Rad t Success
C．A Sprts PrincipleD．A Numbers Game
【答案】56．A 57．B 58．D 59．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Dave McNee和Claudia Mandekic将篮球和数学结合起来，创立了BallMatics课程，让学生在享受篮球的同时提高数学能力，并介绍了该课程的发展历程和影响。
56．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The idea f mixing basketball and mathematics gt its first sht in 2011, when the nw clleagues — wh had launched a tutring nn-prfit — were invited t run a summer-schl prgram fr kids wh’d failed Grade 9 math at Gerges Secndary Schl.(将篮球和数学相结合的想法在 2011 年首次得到尝试，当时这两位如今的同事——他们已经创办了一个非营利性的辅导机构——受邀为在乔治中学九年级数学不及格的孩子们举办一个暑期学校项目)”以及第二段中“When the students shwed up fr their first day, they weren’t exactly excited. Over the next few hurs, Mandekic and McNee gave the kids techniques t imprve their shting while als helping them calculate their field-gal percentage — which, in turn, taught them abut fractins and decimal (分数和小数) pints. At the end f the game, the winning team was determined based n which grup had the highest ttal percentage and had dne the mst efficient math.(当学生们第一天出现时，他们并不兴奋。在接下来的几个小时里，Mandekic和McNee给孩子们传授了提高投篮水平的技巧，同时也帮助他们计算了投篮命中率——这反过来又教会了他们分数和小数。游戏结束时，根据哪一组的总百分比最高并做了最有效的数学计算来决定获胜的队伍)”可知，前两段主要介绍了BallMatics课程的起源，它源于2011 年Mandekic和McNee的一次暑期教学尝试。故选A项。
57．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the students shwed up fr their first day, they weren’t exactly excited.(当学生们第一天来的时候，他们并不怎么兴奋)”和“‘When the bell rang, they were s fixated n cllecting their data and figuring ut which team wn that they didn’t leave,’ says Mandekic. ‘I realized we might be nt smething.’(‘当铃声响起时，他们全神贯注于收集数据和计算哪支球队获胜，以至于他们都没有离开，’Mandekic说。‘我意识到我们可能找到了某种方法。’)”可知，是学生们对数学态度的改变让Mandekic和McNee意识到他们“可能找到了某种方法(might be nt smething)”。故选B项。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘If we didn’t d ur wrk, we weren’t playing at the game,’ he says, adding that caches wuld bench kids wh didn’t keep up in class.(‘如果我们不做作业，我们就不能参加比赛，’他说，并补充说教练会让跟不上课堂的孩子坐冷板凳)”可知，根据Duglas的说法，在课堂上表现不好的孩子将被禁止参加比赛。故选D项。
59．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“The idea f mixing basketball and mathematics gt its first sht in 2011(将篮球和数学结合起来的想法在2011年首次得到尝试)”以及后文关于BallMatics课程的介绍可知，本文主要讲述了Dave McNee和Claudia Mandekic将篮球和数学结合起来，让学生在享受篮球的同时提高数学能力。D项“A Numbers Game (数字比赛)”既体现了文章中的数学元素，又暗示了篮球比赛中的计分和数据分析，与文章主题紧密相关，是最佳标题。故选D项。
B
Chapter 1 What is critical thinking?
Learning utcmes
This chapter gives yu pprtunities t:
√ understand what critical thinking is
√ find ut abut the early rts and later develpments f critical thinking
√ recgnize sme f the benefits assciated with critical thinking skills
√ recgnize the persnal qualities cnnected t critical thinking
√ recgnize barriers t the develpment f gd critical thinking skills
√ assess yur current understanding f critical thinking and identify yur pririties fr imprvement
Intrductin
This chapter prvides a general intrductin t critical thinking. It examines what is meant by “critical thinking”, the skills assciated with it, and the barriers that can slw dwn effective develpment f critical appraches. Many peple can find it difficult t rder their thughts in a lgical, cnsistent and reasned way. This bk starts frm the idea that skills in reasning can be develped thrugh a better understanding f what critical thinking invlves, and by practice.
Critical thinking is a cgnitive activity cnnected t using the mind. Learning t think in critically analytical and evaluative ways means using mental prcesses such as attentin (cncentrating n specific details and infrmatin), categrizatin (the prcess f rganizing infrmatin int categries based n shared characteristics), selectin (selecting relevant infrmatin), and judgement (the ability t assess and frm well- reasned cnclusins r pinins based n available evidence). Hwever, many peple wh have the ptential t develp mre effective critical thinking can be prevented frm ding s fr a variety f reasns apart frm a lack f ability. In particular, persnal and emtinal, r “affective”, reasns can create barriers.
Yu are invited t cnsider, in this chapter, hw far such barriers culd be affecting yur wn thinking abilities and hw yu will manage them.
60．Accrding t the learning utcmes, which f the fllwing tpics is mst likely t be included in Chapter 1?
A．Significant wrks in critical thinkingB．Teaching strategies fr critical thinking
C．Critical thinking: individual r cllective?D．Critical thinking: Where des it cme frm?
61．What can a reader learn in this chapter?
A．Hw a mental prcess wrks and what rle it plays in making lgical reasning.
B．What defines cgnitive activity and hw emtins can shape critical thinking skills.
C．Why individuals pssess varying abilities t think critically and hw t assess them.
D．What is critical thinking and hw it can be develped thrugh understanding and practice.
62．Which f the fllwing examples best illustrates the mental prcess f categrizatin?
A．A student chses articles that are related t his tpic frm a large database.
B．A student fcuses n the main pints the teacher emphasizes in a physics class.
C．A student srts ntes by gruping them accrding t different histrical perids.
D．A student decides which arguments t include in his essay after weighing the evidence.
【答案】60．D 61．D 62．C
【导语】本文是一本书的节选。文章主要介绍了本章主题为批判性思维，以及在本章中可能会了解的内容。
60．推理判断题。根据文章“Learning utcmes”部分中的“find ut abut the early rts and later develpments f critical thinking (了解批判性思维的早期起源及后期发展)”可知，在本章中，读者将会了解批判性思维的早期起源及后期发展。故选D。
61．细节理解题。根据文章“Intrductin”部分中的“This chapter prvides a general intrductin t critical thinking. (本章对批判性思维进行了总体介绍。)”以及“This bk starts frm the idea that skills in reasning can be develped thrugh a better understanding f what critical thinking invlves, and by practice. (本书基于这样一个观点：通过更好地理解批判性思维所涉及的内容，并通过实践，可以培养推理能力。)”可知，读者可以在本章中了解何为批判性思维以及通过实践培养批判性思维。故选D。
62．推理判断题。根据文章“Intrductin”部分中的“Learning t think in critically analytical and evaluative ways means using mental prcesses such as attentin (cncentrating n specific details and infrmatin), categrizatin (the prcess f rganizing infrmatin int categries based n shared characteristics), selectin (selecting relevant infrmatin), and judgement (the ability t assess and frm well- reasned cnclusins r pinins based n available evidence).(学会以批判分析和评估的方式进行思考，意味着运用诸如注意力（专注于特定细节和信息）、分类（根据共同特征将信息组织成类别的过程）、选择（选择相关信息）和判断（基于可用证据评估和形成合理结论或意见的能力）等心理过程。)”可知，分类是将信息或对象根据共同特征或属性组织成类别的过程。这个过程涉及到识别信息的相似性和差异性，并将其分组以便于理解和处理。选项C“A student srts ntes by gruping them accrding t different histrical perids. (一个学生根据不同的历史时期对笔记进行分类)”符合分类的定义。学生将笔记根据历史时期这一共同特征进行分组，以便于理解和回顾。故选C。
C
（热点话题）In tday’s data-driven wrld, the value f data has been likened t that f il, but unlike il, data is nt a finite resurce — it grws cntinuusly as new infrmatin is created. Businesses, particularly thse emplying AI algrithms, rely n data mre than ever t drive success. Hwever, a challenge that has arisen is ensuring the data used is reliable, bjective, and ethically surced. Cncerns are munting ver the use f shady data surces and “black-bx” cllectin methds, where businesses are unsure f hw the data was surced, raising ethical and legal issues.
Rachel Aldighieri f the Data and Marketing Assciatin (DMA) stresses that ethical practices in data cllectin are essential, especially as businesses increasingly use AI t autmate decisin-making prcesses. Inapprpriate data usage can lead t inaccurate AI mdels and prejudiced utcmes. Stephen Lester, CTO at Paragn, eches this sentiment, nting that cmpanies shuld use pen methds t cllect data, ensuring participants knw hw their data is being used and that they receive prper payment.
T fllw data prtectin rules, businesses shuld balance their needs with individuals’ rights. This helps ensure they have the right permissins t use cllected data, building custmer trust and reducing legal risks. They shuld als cnsult resurces like the DMA Cde fr guidance n ethical data practices.
Hwever, btaining reliable data isn’t always straightfrward. Open-surce datasets are available, but they ften lack quality cntrls and safeguards against bias. Synthetic data, generated by AI, ffers an alternative, allwing cmpanies t train AI mdels withut risking real individuals’ privacy. Althugh synthetic data isn’t linked t real peple, businesses must be cautius abut ptential inaccuracies. A ntable tl in this space is MIT’s Synthetic Data Vault, which helps generate synthetic data fr a variety f enterprise use cases. Despite its usefulness, there remain cncerns abut the accuracy f such data when used fr critical AI training.
Chris Stephensn frm Sagacity highlights the imprtance f training AI mdels with errr-checking mechanisms. He ntes that while synthetic data can be useful, businesses must remain careful abut hw algrithms are trained, paying clse attentin t the ptential fr mistakes r biases t slip thrugh unnticed.
As ethical cncerns rise, businesses are expected t carefully review their data cllectin practices. They shuld knw where their data cmes frm, avid unreliable surces, and ensure data used in AI mdels is accurate and fair. Ultimately, rganizatins must be pen and accuntable in their data practices t remain trustwrthy.
63．What des the phrase “eches this sentiment” in paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A．Agrees with clear and ethical data practices.
B．Disapprves f the views n data cllectin.
C．Questins the use f pen data cllectin methds.
D．Ignres the ethical cncerns surrunding AI and data.
64．What can be learned frm paragraphs 3 and 4?
A．There are tls t ensure data accuracy.B．Reliable data is extremely hard t btain.
C．Ethical data practices lack clear definitins.D．Synthetic data shuld generally be restricted.
65．Which f the fllwing statements is Chris Stephensn mst likely t agree with?
A．Errr-checking tls are already mature fr practical use.
B．Data prtectin rules shuld be priritized ver data accuracy.
C．Mistakes may remain undetected during the training f AI mdels.
D．Synthetic data is the best way t cllect data fr AI mdel training.
66．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Synthetic data slves mst ethical cncerns assciated with AI.
B．Data cllectin practices in Al have limited ethical implicatins.
C．Ethical data cllectin and accuracy are essential fr respnsible AI usage.
D．Businesses shuld priritize using as much data as pssible fr AI training.
【答案】63．A 64．B 65．C 66．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在当今数据驱动的世界中，企业需确保数据收集的伦理性和准确性以实现人工智能的负责任应用。
63．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Rachel Aldighieri f the Data and Marketing Assciatin (DMA) stresses that ethical practices in data cllectin are essential, especially as businesses increasingly use AI t autmate decisin-making prcesses. Inapprpriate data usage can lead t inaccurate AI mdels and prejudiced utcmes. Stephen Lester, CTO at Paragn, eches this sentiment, nting that cmpanies shuld use pen methds t cllect data, ensuring participants knw hw their data is being used and that they receive prper payment.(数据与营销协会（DMA）的雷切尔·阿尔迪吉里强调，数据收集中的道德实践至关重要，尤其是在企业越来越多地使用人工智能来自动化决策过程的情况下。不恰当的数据使用会导致人工智能模型不准确和结果带有偏见。Paragn公司的首席技术官斯蒂芬·莱斯特eches this sentiment，他指出，公司应采用公开的方法来收集数据，确保参与者知道他们的数据将如何被使用，并确保他们获得适当的报酬)”可知，斯蒂芬·莱斯特表达了同雷切尔·阿尔迪吉里相同的看法，eches this sentiment意思是“同意清晰和道德的数据实践”。故选A。
64．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hwever, btaining reliable data isn’t always straightfrward. Open-surce datasets are available, but they ften lack quality cntrls and safeguards against bias.(然而，获取可靠数据并不总是那么简单。开源数据集虽然可用，但往往缺乏质量控制和防止偏见的保障措施)”可知，获取可靠数据不简单，开源数据集有缺陷，表明可靠数据极难获得。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据第五段“Chris Stephensn frm Sagacity highlights the imprtance f training AI mdels with errr-checking mechanisms. He ntes that while synthetic data can be useful, businesses must remain careful abut hw algrithms are trained, paying clse attentin t the ptential fr mistakes r biases t slip thrugh unnticed.(来自Sagacity公司的克里斯·斯蒂芬森强调了使用错误检查机制训练人工智能模型的重要性。他指出，虽然合成数据可能有用，但企业必须对算法的训练方式保持谨慎，密切关注错误或偏见可能悄然溜过而未被察觉的潜在风险)”可知，克里斯·斯蒂芬森最可能同意的是在人工智能模型的训练过程中，错误可能仍未被发现。故选C。
66．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“As ethical cncerns rise, businesses are expected t carefully review their data cllectin practices. They shuld knw where their data cmes frm, avid unreliable surces, and ensure data used in AI mdels is accurate and fair. Ultimately, rganizatins must be pen and accuntable in their data practices t remain trustwrthy.(随着伦理问题的日益突出，企业需要仔细审查其数据收集实践。他们应该知道数据来自哪里，避免不可靠的来源，并确保人工智能模型中使用的数据准确公正。最终，组织必须在数据实践中保持开放和负责，以保持可信度)”可知，文章主要讲述了在当今数据驱动的世界中，企业需确保数据收集的伦理性和准确性以实现人工智能的负责任应用。故C选项“Ethical data cllectin and accuracy are essential fr respnsible Al usage.(道德数据收集和准确性对于负责任地使用人工智能至关重要)”最符合文章主旨。故选C。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
The pwer f placeb (安慰剂)
Have yu ever taken a pill fr a headache and felt instant relief even thugh there’s n way the medicine culd have taken effect s quickly? If s, yu’ve persnally experienced a medical phenmenn knwn as the placeb effect. 67 In the abve situatin regarding yur headache, the active ingredient (成分) culdn’t have been respnsible fr yur reduced pain. S why did the symptms imprve?
Scientists dn’t cmpletely understand the mechanisms behind the effect, but they have determined that an individual’s cnditining and expectatins likely play a majr rle. With yur headache, fr example, yu expected the painkiller t wrk because pills have relieved yur headaches in the past. 68 In fact, the latter means a placeb can still wrk even when smene knws it’s nt real medicine! Other factrs that can influence hw well a treatment wrks include being tld it’s effective by a dctr, yur dctr’s bdy language r tne f vice, and the knwledge that yu’ re taking actin t slve the prblem.
69 If yu believe a drug will be ineffective at relieving yur symptms, fr instance, it is less likely t wrk. Even wrse, if yu expect t suffer side effects frm yur medicatin, yu prbably will. This puts dctrs in a tricky psitin — they’ re required by law t infrm patients f risks, yet ding s culd negatively affect recvery. The best way t avid this undesirable effect, accrding t sme experts, is fr dctrs t phrase dangers in the mst encuraging way pssible r ask peple if they’ re willing t remain unaware f minr side effects.
The pwer f the placeb effect pens up an exciting pprtunity t explre new avenues. Thugh we may nt fully grasp hw the placeb effects wrk, ne thing is clear: ur minds have an amazing ability t shape nt nly ur thughts but als ur physical health. 70
A．Unfrtunately, ur expectatins can als wrk against us.
B．Believe it r nt, there are limits t even the strngest placeb effect.
C．This effect ccurs when a patient is given a treatment that is able t imprve their symptms even thugh it lacks an active ingredient.
D．Additinally, yu prbably assciate pills in general with recvering frm illness.
E．If we can learn t make use f the pwer f psitive thinking, perhaps ne day we can even mve beynd using traditinal drugs t treat minr symptms!
F．And in rutine medical practice, placebs are rarely used n purpse.
【答案】67．C 68．D 69．A 70．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了安慰剂效应及其影响因素，强调积极思考对身体健康的潜在帮助。
67．上文“If s, yu’ve persnally experienced a medical phenmenn knwn as the placeb effect.(如果是这样，你就亲自体验了一种被称为安慰剂效应的医疗现象。)”引出了安慰剂效应的概念，空处应承接上文详细解释这种效应。C选项“这种效应指的是，当患者接受一种治疗时，即使这种治疗不含有效成分，也能改善他们的症状。”与上文形成递进关系，符合解释安慰剂效应的定义。故选C。
68．根据上文“With yur headache, fr example, yu expected the painkiller t wrk because pills have relieved yur headaches in the past.(以头痛为例，你期望止痛药起效，因为之前药片已经缓解过你的头痛。)”以及下文“In fact, the latter means a placeb can still wrk even when smene knws it’s nt real medicine!(事实上，后者意味着即使某人知道这不是真正的药物，安慰剂仍然可以起作用！)”可知，个体的条件反射与预期可能影响安慰剂效应，空处承上启下，需要补充患者为何相信药片有效。D选项“此外，你可能会将药片与疾病康复联系在一起。”符合题意。故选D。
69．根据下文“If yu believe a drug will be ineffective at relieving yur symptms, fr instance, it is less likely t wrk.Even wrse, if yu expect t suffer side effects frm yur medicatin, yu prbably will.(例如，如果你认为某种药物对缓解你的症状无效，那么它的效果就更不可能显现。更糟糕的是，如果你预期会因为药物而出现副作用，那么你很可能会确实出现这些副作用。)”可知，本段主要内容是关于这种效应的不利影响，A选项“不幸的是，我们的期望有时也可能会对我们产生不利影响。”与之前后呼应，符合题意。故选A。
70．根据上文“Thugh we may nt fully grasp hw the placeb effects wrk, ne thing is clear: ur minds have an amazing ability t shape nt nly ur thughts but als ur physical health.(尽管我们可能无法完全理解安慰剂效应的工作原理，但有一点是清楚的：我们的思想具有惊人的能力，不仅能塑造我们的想法，还能影响我们的身体健康。)”可知，空处将进一步讨论安慰剂效应未来的利用，E选项“如果我们能学会利用积极思维的力量，或许有一天我们甚至能超越使用传统药物治疗轻微症状”恰恰承接了上文并展望未来。故选E。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Bdy Dysmrphic Disrder (BDD)
Mst humans have sme physical characteristics that they wish they culd change, such as a facial feature r extra fat. Many peple can cmfrtably live with these characteristics, but fr sme, their negative bdy image significantly affects their daily lives. The latter grup are said t have bdy dysmrphic disrder (BDD). They find sme cmmn aspects, including the face r stmach, impssible t accept.
Peple with BDD ften try t alter these features by exercising, changing their hairstyle, using skin care prducts r even getting plastic surgery. Or they may try t hide the features under clthing r makeup. They may lk at mirrrs cnstantly r avid them altgether. They may ask thers fr reassurance (安慰) that they lk OK but nt believe that reassurance when it cmes. Peple with BDD smetimes pick at their skin r cnstantly cmb (梳) their hair; at its wrst, BDD can lead peple t cnsider r attempt suicide.
BDD is ften nt diagnsed until 10 t 15 years after it develps, largely because it takes time fr peple t realize their feelings are nt nrmal. But early detectin makes a significant difference in quality f life as it allws peple t take measures t prevent BDD frm getting wrse. The primary treatment fr BDD is therapy, which ften invlves teaching the patient t challenge negative thughts as they cme. Sme dctrs may als prescribe antidepressants (开抗抑郁药). Plastic surgery is nt effective at making peple with BDD feel better. In fact, the changes in appearance brught abut by surgery ften cmpund the prblem.
If smene yu knw has BDD, assuring them that they lk gd will prbably nt help. Instead, listen patiently and encurage them t seek treatment. And if yu think yu have BDD, cnsult a dctr r a trusted friend. The earlier the prblem is addressed, the better.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】BDD is a cnditin where peple can’t accept their negative physical features. It can lead t extreme behavirs and affect their life. Hwever, BDD is hard t diagnse, but early detectin and treatment is crucial, invlving therapy and medicatin, rather than plastic surgery. Therefre, anyne with BDD is advised t seek treatment as early as pssible. (56 wrds)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，BDD是一种人们无法接受自己负面身体特征的状态。它会导致极端的行为，影响他们的生活。然而，BDD很难诊断，但早期发现和治疗至关重要，包括治疗和药物治疗，而不是整形手术。因此，建议任何患有BDD的人尽早寻求治疗。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Many peple can cmfrtably live with these characteristics, but fr sme, their negative bdy image significantly affects their daily lives. The latter grup are said t have bdy dysmrphic disrder (BDD).
②Peple with BDD ften try t alter these features by exercising, changing their hairstyle, using skin care prducts r even getting plastic surgery. Peple with BDD smetimes pick at their skin r cnstantly cmb (梳) their hair; at its wrst, BDD can lead peple t cnsider r attempt suicide.
③BDD is ften nt diagnsed until 10 t 15 years after it develps, largely because it takes time fr peple t realize their feelings are nt nrmal. But early detectin makes a significant difference in quality f life as it allws peple t take measures t prevent BDD frm getting wrse.
④And if yu think yu have BDD, cnsult a dctr r a trusted friend. The earlier the prblem is addressed, the better.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
BDD is a cnditin where peple can’t accept their negative physical features.
It can lead t extreme behavirs and affect their life.
Hwever, BDD is hard t diagnse, but early detectin and treatment is crucial, invlving therapy and medicatin, rather than plastic surgery.
Therefre, anyne with BDD is advised t seek treatment as early as pssible.
【点睛】[高分句型1] BDD is a cnditin where peple can’t accept their negative physical features.运用where引导定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Hwever, BDD is hard t diagnse, but early detectin and treatment is crucial, invlving therapy and medicatin, rather than plastic surgery.用现在分词作状语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72．此时此刻，每个人的决定都很关键，因为时间已经不多了。(critical) (汉译英)

【答案】Right nw, everybdy’s decisin is critical because f limited time.
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语。表示“此时此刻”用固定短语right nw，作时间状语，所以句子时态用一般现在时，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“每个人的决定”用everybdy’s decisin，作主语；系动词用is。表示“关键的”用形容词critical，作表语。表示“因为”用固定短语because f。表示“时间”用time，作because f的宾语。表示“有限的”用limited，作前置定语，修饰名词time。故翻译为Right nw, everybdy’s decisin is critical because f limited time.
73．你觉得我们中学生有必要那么关注网红吗？(it) (汉译英)

【答案】D yu think it necessary fr us middle schl students t pay s much attentin t nline celebrities?
【详解】考查形式宾语，疑问句型和固定搭配。根据所给中文句子，本句是一般疑问句，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，“你”作主语，译为“yu”，“觉得”作谓语，用think，“我们中学生有必要那么关注网红”需用it，此处可用“动词+it+形容词+fr sb.+t d sth.”，“有必要”用形容词necessary，“中学生”译为“middle schl students”，“关注”用固定搭配：pay attentin t，“网红”译为“nline celebrities”。故译为：D yu think it necessary fr us middle schl students t pay s much attentin t nline celebrities?
74．请记住：面对困难和挑战，恒心和耐心可以帮助我们攻坚克难，走向成功。(vercme) (汉译英)

【答案】Please remember: In the face f difficulties and challenges, perseverance and patience can help us vercme them and lead us t success.
【详解】考查祈使句，固定短语和动词。根据所给中文句子，“请记住”为祈使句句型，译为“Please remember”，“面对”为固定搭配：in the face f，“困难和挑战”译为“difficulties and challenges”，“恒心和耐心”作主语，译为“perseverance and patience”，“可以”用情态动词can，“帮助我们攻坚克难，走向成功”用固定搭配：help sb. d sth.，“攻坚克难”根据题干要求，用动词vercme，“走向成功”，用固定搭配：lead sb. t success。故译为：Please remember: In the face f difficulties and challenges, perseverance and patience can help us vercme them and lead us t success.
75．他这几天在网上老是收到陌生人的红包。幸亏他没打开，才没有上当受骗。实际上都是陷阱啊！(avid) (汉译英)

【答案】These days he has been frequently infrmed f red envelpes frm strangers nline. But frtunately, he didn’t click them and avided being cheated. Actually they were all traps.
【详解】考查动词时态，副词和固定短语。本句由三句话组成，第一句中“老是”用副词frequently，“收到”用动词infrm，描述一直持续的事，用现在完成时，和主语他之间是被动关系，用被动语态，“陌生人的红包”译为“red envelpes frm strangers”，第二句中“幸亏”用副词frtunately，“打开”根据句意是描述网上的事，用动词click符合语境，“没有上当受骗”根据题干要求，用avid，此处用固定搭配：avid ding sth.，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“he didn’t click them and avided being cheated”，第三句中“实际上”用副词actually，“都是陷阱啊”译为“they were all traps”。故译为：These days he has been frequently infrmed f red envelpes frm strangers nline. But frtunately, he didn’t click them and avided being cheated. Actually they were all traps.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
76．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假如你是高三学生李华，你校这学期邀请外教Tim做系列的英语讲座，上周Tim做了关于英语词汇学习的讲座，同学们感觉很有收获。请你给Tim写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表达感谢并说明原因；
2. 建议下周讲座的内容。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tim,
I’m Li Hua, a senir three student. I’m writing t express my sincere gratitude fr yur wnderful lecture n English vcabulary learning last week.
The reasn why I’m s thankful is that yur lecture was truly helpful. Yu prvided us with practical and effective methds fr memrizing and understanding English wrds. Yur explanatins were clear and easy t fllw, which has greatly enhanced ur cnfidence in vcabulary learning.
I hpe that in next week’s lecture, yu culd fcus n English grammar. Many f us struggle with understanding and applying grammar rules crrectly. I believe yur guidance will make a big difference t ur English learning.
Thank yu again fr yur effrts and cntributins. Yur lectures have been a great surce f inspiratin and knwledge fr us.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的感谢信。要求考生给外教Tim写封信，感谢其上周所做的关于英语词汇学习的讲座，并就下周讲座内容给出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
真诚的：sincere→ genuine
感激的：thankful→ grateful
有帮助的：be helpful→ be f help
提高：enhance→ imprve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t express my sincere gratitude fr yur wnderful lecture n English vcabulary learning last week.
拓展句：I’m writing t express my sincere gratitude fr yur wnderful lecture whse theme is English vcabulary learning last week.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The reasn why I’m s thankful is that yur lecture was truly helpful.（运用了why引导的定语从句和that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】Yur explanatins were clear and easy t fllw, which has greatly enhanced ur cnfidence in vcabulary learning.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
A．accents B．acquire C． bundaries D．fulfill E. guidelines F. liberally
G. precisely H. pririty I. prspect J. schedule K. suspect