2026高考英语-重难点专项突破练习卷 虚拟语气 导学案（含答案）

这是一份2026高考英语-重难点专项突破练习卷 虚拟语气 导学案（含答案），共13页。试卷主要包含了 虚拟语气在条件句中的基本用法， 省略if的倒装虚拟条件句， 名词性从句中的虚拟语气， 其他常用虚拟句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
心知识·深度解读
虚拟语气是英语语法中较为复杂的部分，但高考中常以“残留”形式出现，即在特定句型中必须使用虚拟形式。近三年真题显示，虚拟语气不再单纯考查if条件句的基本时态，而是融入倒装、名词性从句及固定句型中，考查学生的识别和运用能力。
1. 虚拟语气在条件句中的基本用法：
与现在事实相反：if + 过去式 (be用were)，主句 wuld/culd/might + d
与过去事实相反：if + had dne，主句 wuld/culd/might + have dne
与将来事实相反：if + shuld d/were t d，主句 wuld/culd/might + d
2. 省略if的倒装虚拟条件句： 当虚拟条件句中有were, had, shuld时，可省略if，将这些词提到主语前，构成倒装。例如：Were I yu (=If I were yu), I wuld accept the ffer. / Had he knwn (=If he had knwn), he wuld have cme. / Shuld it rain (=If it shuld rain), the match wuld be cancelled.
3. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气：
宾语从句：在表示建议、命令、要求、愿望等动词后的宾语从句用(shuld) + d。常见动词：suggest, advise, recmmend, prpse, demand, require, request, insist, rder, cmmand, desire, urge等。
主语从句：It is + 形容词/过去分词 + that从句用(shuld) d。常见形容词：necessary, imprtant, essential, vital, strange, natural; 过去分词：suggested, rdered, required, demanded, prpsed, requested, insisted等。
表语从句/同位语从句：与suggestin, advice, rder, demand, requirement, prpsal, recmmendatin等名词相关的表语/同位语从句用(shuld) d。
4. 其他常用虚拟句型：
wish后的宾语从句：与现在相反用过去式，与过去相反用had dne，与将来相反用wuld/culd + d。
as if/thugh引导的方式状语从句：表示非真实情况时，用法同wish。
wuld rather后的宾语从句：用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。
It is (high) time that... 从句用过去式或shuld d（shuld不可省略）。
If nly... 感叹句：用法同wish。
在lest, fr fear that, in case引导的从句中，有时用(shuld) + d（但近年高考较少考查）。
专项突破·虚拟语气70题（语篇+单句）
【语篇一 · 遗憾回忆】
If I ①________ (knw) that it wuld rain, I ②________ (bring) an umbrella. But I didn't, and I gt wet. I wish I ③________ (listen) t the weather frecast. If nly I ④________ (check) my phne! Nw I have a cld. It seems as if I ⑤________ (catch) a cld. My mther insists that I ⑥________ (take) sme medicine. She suggested that I ⑦________ (stay) in bed. She behaves as if she ⑧________ (be) a dctr. I wuld rather she ⑨________ (nt wrry) s much. But it is necessary that I ⑩________ (recver) quickly because I have an exam tmrrw. If I ⑪________ (be) yu, I wuld take a ht shwer. My friend recmmended that I ⑫________ (drink) ginger tea. I think it's time I ⑬________ (d) smething. Had I ⑭________ (take) better care f myself, I ⑮________ (nt get) sick.
①________ ②________ ③________ ④________ ⑤________ ⑥________ ⑦________ ⑧________ ⑨________ ⑩________ ⑪________ ⑫________ ⑬________ ⑭________ ⑮________
【语篇二 · 职场建议】
If I ⑯________ (be) yu, I ⑰________ (accept) the jb ffer. It's a great pprtunity. My bss suggested that I ⑱________ (imprve) my cmmunicatin skills. He demanded that every emplyee ⑲________ (attend) the training. It is essential that we ⑳________ (wrk) as a team. I wish I ㉑________ (have) mre experience. If nly I ㉒________ (start) earlier! But it's never t late. My clleague recmmended that I ㉓________ (take) an nline curse. She talks as if she ㉔________ (knw) everything. I wuld rather she ㉕________ (nt be) s arrgant. Hwever, it is imprtant that we ㉖________ (respect) each ther. The manager prpsed that we ㉗________ (hld) a meeting. He als insisted that the reprt ㉘________ (submit) by Friday. Had I ㉙________ (fllw) his advice earlier, I ㉚________ (prmte) already.
⑯________ ⑰________ ⑱________ ⑲________ ⑳________ ㉑________ ㉒________ ㉓________ ㉔________ ㉕________ ㉖________ ㉗________ ㉘________ ㉙________ ㉚________
【语篇三 · 环境危机】
If we ㉛________ (nt pllute) the planet, many species ㉜________ (nt disappear). But we did, and nw we face cnsequences. It is urgent that we ㉝________ (take) actin. Envirnmentalists suggest that gvernments ㉞________ (implement) stricter laws. They als recmmend that individuals ㉟________ (reduce) waste. If nly peple ㊱________ (realize) the seriusness earlier! Sme behave as if the prblem ㊲________ (nt exist). I wish everyne ㊳________ (care) mre. It is time we ㊴________ (change) ur habits. Withut immediate actin, it wuld be as if we ㊵________ (ignre) the warnings. Had we ㊶________ (act) ten years ag, the situatin ㊷________ (be) better nw. The reprt prpsed that a glbal fund ㊸________ (set up). It is vital that all cuntries ㊹________ (cperate). If I ㊺________ (have) the pwer, I wuld make green energy mandatry.
㉛________ ㉜________ ㉝________ ㉞________ ㉟________ ㊱________ ㊲________ ㊳________ ㊴________ ㊵________ ㊶________ ㊷________ ㊸________ ㊹________ ㊺________
【语篇四 · 学生时代】
My teacher always insisted that we ㊻________ (read) mre bks. She suggested that we ㊼________ (keep) a diary. She acted as if she ㊽________ (be) ur secnd mther. I wish I ㊾________ (fllw) her advice earlier. If I ㊿________ (read) mre, I wuld have a larger vcabulary nw. My deskmate recmmended that I 51.________ (try) a new learning methd. It is strange that he 52.________ (study) s little but still gets gd grades. He behaves as if he 53.________ (knw) everything. I wuld rather he 54.________ (help) me smetimes. But it's time we 55.________ (prepare) fr the final exam. The principal demanded that all students 56.________ (arrive) n time. He als rdered that the classrms 57.________ (clean) every day. If nly we 58.________ (have) mre time! Shuld we 59.________ (fail) the exam, we wuld be disappinted. But we will succeed if we wrk hard.
㊻________ ㊼________ ㊽________ ㊾________ ㊿________ 51.________ 52.________ 53.________ 54.________ 55.________ 56.________ 57.________ 58.________ 59.________
【语篇五 · 梦想与选择】
If I 60.________ (chse) again, I wuld study art. But I didn't. I wish I 61.________ (fllw) my passin. My parents suggested that I 62.________ (majr) in finance. They insisted that it 63.________ (be) mre practical. Nw I regret it. It is imprtant that I 64.________ (find) a balance. I wuld rather I 65.________ (nt give up) s easily. If nly I 66.________ (listen) t my heart! My friend recmmended that I 67.________ (take) sme art classes. It is time I 68.________ (pursue) my dream. Had I 69.________ (start) earlier, I might have becme an artist. But it's never t late. I decide that I 70.________ (try) nw.
60.________ 61.________ 62.________ 63.________ 64.________ 65.________ 66.________ 67.________ 68.________ 69.________ 70.________
参考答案与解析
① had knwn —— 与过去事实相反，if从句用had dne。
② wuld have brught —— 主句与过去相反，wuld have dne。
③ had listened —— wish后的宾语从句，与过去愿望相反用had dne。
④ had checked —— If nly与过去愿望相反，用had dne。
⑤ caught —— as if 表示非真实，此处指现在感觉好像感冒了（其实没有），与现在事实相反，用过去式 caught。
⑥ (shuld) take —— insist表示“坚持要求”，宾语从句用(shuld) d。
⑦ (shuld) stay —— suggest表示建议，宾语从句用(shuld) d。
⑧ were —— as if 表示非真实，与现在相反用过去式，be用were。
⑨ didn't wrry —— wuld rather后接从句，表示现在愿望用一般过去时。
⑩ (shuld) recver —— It is necessary that 主语从句用(shuld) d。
⑪ were —— If I were yu 固定虚拟，与现在相反。
⑫ (shuld) drink —— recmmend 表示建议，宾语从句用(shuld) d。
⑬ did/shuld d —— It's time that 从句用过去式或shuld d。
⑭ taken —— Had I taken = If I had taken，倒装虚拟条件句。
⑮ wuld nt have gt —— 主句与过去相反，wuld have dne。
⑯ were —— If I were yu 虚拟。
⑰ wuld accept —— 主句与现在相反，wuld d。
⑱ (shuld) imprve —— suggested 宾语从句虚拟。
⑲ (shuld) attend —— demanded 宾语从句虚拟。
⑳ (shuld) wrk —— It is essential that 主语从句虚拟。
㉑ had —— wish 与现在相反，用过去式。
㉒ had started —— If nly 与过去相反，用had dne。
㉓ (shuld) take —— recmmended 宾语从句虚拟。
㉔ knew —— as if 非真实，与现在相反用过去式。
㉕ were nt —— wuld rather 现在愿望，用过去式，be用were。
㉖ (shuld) respect —— It is imprtant that 主语从句虚拟。
㉗ (shuld) hld —— prpsed 宾语从句虚拟。
㉘ (shuld) be submitted —— insisted 宾语从句虚拟，且与reprt被动，用(shuld) be submitted。
㉙ fllwed —— Had I fllwed = If I had fllwed。
㉚ wuld have been prmted —— 主句与过去相反，且被动。
㉛ had nt plluted —— 与过去事实相反。
㉜ wuld nt have disappeared —— 主句与过去相反。
㉝ (shuld) take —— It is urgent that 主语从句虚拟。
㉞ (shuld) implement —— suggest 宾语从句虚拟。
㉟ (shuld) reduce —— recmmend 宾语从句虚拟。
㊱ had realized —— If nly 与过去相反。
㊲ didn't exist —— as if 非真实，与现在相反。
㊳ cared —— wish 与现在相反。
㊴ changed/shuld change —— It's time 从句虚拟。
㊵ wuld ignre / were t ignre —— as if 表示与将来事实相反（如果不采取行动，将来就好像我们忽视了警告），故用 wuld ignre 或 were t ignre。原解析 had ignred 错误，已修正。
㊶ acted —— Had we acted = If we had acted。
㊷ wuld be —— 混合虚拟：if从句与过去相反，主句与现在相反（现在会更好），用wuld be。
㊸ (shuld) be set up —— prpsed 宾语从句虚拟，且被动。
㊹ (shuld) cperate —— It is vital that 主语从句虚拟。
㊺ had —— If I had the pwer 与现在相反，用过去式。
㊻ (shuld) read —— insisted 宾语从句虚拟。
㊼ (shuld) keep —— suggested 宾语从句虚拟。
㊽ were —— as if 非真实，与现在相反，用were。
㊾ had fllwed —— wish 与过去相反。
㊿ had read —— If 与过去相反，用had dne。
51. (shuld) try —— recmmended 宾语从句虚拟。
52. studies / shuld study —— It is strange that 可用虚拟(shuld study)或陈述语气(studies)，此处表示事实，用studies亦可。两种皆可，解析已注明。
53. knew —— as if 非真实，与现在相反。
54. helped —— wuld rather 现在愿望，用过去式。
55. prepared/shuld prepare —— It's time 虚拟。
56. (shuld) arrive —— demanded 宾语从句虚拟。
57. (shuld) be cleaned —— rdered 宾语从句虚拟，被动。
58. had —— If nly 与现在相反（希望有更多时间）。
59. fail —— Shuld we fail = If we shuld fail，与将来相反，主句wuld be。
60. chse —— 与现在事实相反，if从句用过去式。注意：也可用 were t chse 或 shuld chse，但根据主句 wuld study，最标准的是 chse。原解析已修正，明确填 chse。
61. had fllwed —— wish 与过去相反。
62. (shuld) majr —— suggested 宾语从句虚拟。
63. (shuld) be —— insisted 宾语从句虚拟。
64. (shuld) find —— It is imprtant that 虚拟。
65. had nt given up —— wuld rather 与过去愿望相反，用had dne。
66. had listened —— If nly 与过去相反。
67. (shuld) take —— recmmended 宾语从句虚拟。
68. pursued/shuld pursue —— It's time 虚拟。
69. started —— Had I started = If I had started。
70. will try —— 真实情况，不用虚拟。或填am ging t try。
一线教学提示： 引导学生先判断句子是真实条件还是虚拟条件，再根据时间状语确定与哪个时间事实相反。对于名词性从句，要记住常见动词和形容词后的虚拟形式。对于倒装虚拟，要识别were/had/shuld提前的结构。可让学生熟记虚拟语气“时态退一步”的规律（现在→过去，过去→过去完成，将来→过去将来/were t）。
虚拟类型
从句动词形式
主句动词形式
例句
与现在相反
did/were
wuld/culd d
If I were yu, I wuld g.
与过去相反
had dne
wuld have dne
If he had studied, he wuld have passed.
与将来相反
shuld d/were t d
wuld d
If it shuld rain, we wuld stay.
倒装虚拟
Had/Were/Shuld + 主语...
wuld/culd d/have dne
Had I knwn, I wuld have tld yu.
名词性从句（建议/命令等）
(shuld) d
——
I suggest that he (shuld) leave nw.
wish
did/had dne/wuld d
——
I wish I were taller.
It's time...
did/shuld d
——
It's time we went hme.