2026届高三英语二轮复习-高考语法填空定语从句和名词性从句-导学案

这是一份2026届高三英语二轮复习-高考语法填空定语从句和名词性从句-导学案，共5页。学案主要包含了定语从句和名词性从句的概念，练一练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 定语从句：由一个句子来修饰某个名词或代词，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后的从句。
基本结构： 先行词+关系词+从句
2.名词性从句：指在句中起的作用相当于名词的从句。(有4种名词性从句）
（1）主语从句放在谓语V.之前或it作形式主语放开头而主语从句放后面。
（2）宾语从句放在动词或介词之后。
（3）表语从句放在系动词之后。
（4）同位语从句放在抽象名词（news, prmise, fact, idea, prblem, suggestin, advice 等）后，用来 解释说明前面的抽象名词的具体内容。
基本结构：连接词＋句子
二、语法填空定语从句和名词性从句考点
1. 定语从句关系词的考点 指代人 wh/whm/that

缺主语/宾语

关系代词 指代物 which/that
定语从句 缺定语（’s） 指代人或物的 whse
时间 when
关系副词 不缺主干，缺状语
地点 where

原因 why
关系词as指代整个主句的内容，对主句进行补充说明，可译为 “正如、正像”。
关系词的选择取决于它在从句中充当的成分（主语、宾语、定语/状语等）和先行词的类型（人、物、时间、地点等）。
例如：
1. Dr Rwan，whse secretary resigned tw weeks ag, had t d all his wn typing.
2. I’ll never frget the day when I met yu.
3. With cmputers replacing humans in many industries，there have been many reprts in recent years which/that warn f future jb lsses.
4. Teenagers wh d nt sleep well may experience situatins where bdy develpment slws dwn, and their health suffers.
5. The number f smkers, as is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
注意：that 与 which 的用法区别
以下情况只能用 that：（顺口溜：最不序正是疑表人物）
① 先行词是不定代词（all, nthing, smething 等）：
All that he said is true.
② 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰：
This is the best/first bk that I’ve ever read.
③ 先行词既有人又有物：
I still remember the peple and places that I visited.
④ the nly、the very、the same
This is the very /nly bk that I bught last mnth
以下情况只能用 which：
① 引导非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开，补充说明先行词或指代前面整个句子）
The bk, which I read last week, is very useful.
② He was late again yesterday,which made the bss angry.
③ 介词后作宾语：
This is the huse in which I lived.
名词性从句连接词考点
1. that，whether，if（不充当成分，起连接作用）
2. 连接代词 ： what、which 、 wh、 whm 、 whse、 whever 、whmever、 whatever、 whichever
连接词 (起连接作用，并充当主语、宾语、表语或定语)
3. 连接副词：when、 why、where、 hw、whenever、wherever、 hwever
(起连接作用，并充当从句状语)
注意：(1) that 和what
that: 名词性从句中，that无实义，不充当成分, 只起连接作用
what: 通常用于缺成分的名词性从句中，在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语，
有词义“所的”
例如：
1. What yu said at the meeting describes a bright future f the cmpany.
2. That the cllege will take in mre new students is gd news.
注意：(2) if 和whether
名词性从句中,if,whether 起连接作用，不充当句子成分，有实义“是否”
一般选择用whether , 因为if 只能用于宾语从句。
例如：
Whether the wrk can be cmpleted n time is dubtful.
注意：(3) wh-+ever类连接词强调“无论……,任何 …….”
例如:
Whever breaks the rule must be punished.
三、练一练
The Ganqiu Festival falls n the first day f “Liqiu”, ________indicates the end f summer.
Shadw play is a flk play ___________artists perate the puppets (木偶) made f animal skin r cardbard with illuminatin behind a white curtain.
Hwever, ____________ften ges unnticed is the apprach Japan has taken t beautify its manhle cvers(窨井盖) since the1980s.
When he was wrking there he caught a serius illness frm _______________ effects he still suffers.
It's kay t turn t the peple arund yu and yur friends，frm yu can get new perspectives and sme help.
T imprve learning efficiency, students must spend mre time fcusing n the skills ________________ they are weak in.
When the freezing cld night fell, the visitrs sat arund the stage ________the fire shw was perfrmed.
Adlescence is an imprtant perid in a persn's grwth __________ guidance is badly needed in shaping the characters f the teenagers.
___________ surprised us was that her wrks f art sn became famus and were n display in the British Museum.
Every year, _____________makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
___________we need mre drink and fd depends n hw many guests will cme t the party this evening.
The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
After the Secnd Wrld War, many farmers in Hng Kng came t Lndn and settled in________ is nw called Chinatwn.
The fcus f the meeting was ________we culd develp transprtatin withut plluting the envirnment.
Our gvernment has issued a ban n fishing in the Yangtze River in certain perids，____________ aim t prtect endangered species will be achieved.
_____ has already been pinted ut, grammar is nt a set f dead rules.
He sld the valuable antique at _________ he thught was a reasnable price.
The rad is cvered with snw.I can't understand ________ they insist n ging by mtrbike.
The best mment fr the ftball star was __________ he scred the winning gal.
Yu are saying that everyne shuld take equal respnsibility, and that is _________ I disagree.
______ desn't make much difference whether yu have a rich backgrund. ___________ really matters is that yu shuld be an independent learner.
When they met again，the tw friends talked abut lts f things and persns_________ they culd remember in the schl.
The number f smkers, _______ is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles' sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”. ________ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
We have bks cvering varius tpics and yu may take _______________ yu like.
Scientists have btained mre evidence ________ plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
It is advised that ne mustn't g jgging very early in the mrning; this is _____________ the bdy temperature is lwer and the bdily functins haven't kicked in fully during this time.
This letter was returned because the persn t ___________ the letter was addressed died three years ag.
Kim Cbb，a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta，is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics（学者） _________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
练一练答案：
which 2. where 3. what 4. whse 5. whm 6. which/that
where 8. when 9. What 10. whever 11. Whether 12. that
what 14. hw 15. whse 16. As 17. what 18. why
when 20. where 21. It, What 22. that 23. as 24. that
25. What 26. whichever 27. that 28. because 29. whm 30. wh/that