(新高考)高考英语二轮复习专练06 高频语法之名词性从句、定语从句与语法填空(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语二轮复习专练06 高频语法之名词性从句、定语从句与语法填空(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)，文件包含新高考高考英语二轮复习专练06高频语法之名词性从句定语从句与语法填空解析版doc、新高考高考英语二轮复习专练06高频语法之名词性从句定语从句与语法填空原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。

【技法总结】
高频考点一 名词性从句
【高考试题再现】
语法填空
1. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m nt sure is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
答案：1. wh 2. that
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略 名词性从句做题两步骤
第1步判断是否属于名词性从句;第2步判断名词性从句中的连接词;若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语, 用连接代词; 若缺少状语就用连接副词; 如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整, 是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。
【重点知识提醒】
一、宾语从句
1.引导宾语从句的连接词
从属连词that、 whether、 if；连接代词what、 wh、 whse、 whatever、 whichever、 whever等；连接副词when、 where、 why、 hw等；从句用陈述语序。
·We prmise whever attends the party a chance t have a pht taken with the mvie star.
我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
·I truly believe that beauty cmes frm within.
我确信美来自内在。
·What we shuld take with us depends n where we'll stay.
我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。
2．it做形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find、 feel、 think、 cnsider、 believe、 guess、 suppse、 make等。
·He has made it clear that the meeting will nt be pstpned.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate、 like、 dislike、 appreciate、 enjy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”等的动词以及一些动词短语see t、 depend n、 rely n等，常用it做形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
·I shall see t it that he will be taken gd care f when yu are absent.
你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。
二、主语从句和表语从句
1.主语从句
(1)that连接从句时，没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that不能省略。what引导时，既要在从句中充当成分，又有意义。
·It never ccurred t me that yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。
(2)whether连接从句时，表示怀疑，不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。
·Whether it will d us harm r gd remains t be seen.
究竟此事对我们有害还是有利，还有待观察。
(3)连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分。
·Wh will take ver the cmpany has nt been decided.
谁将接管公司还没定好。
(4)用it做形式主语的常用句型：
①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrng/imprtant/certain等)＋that从句；
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/n wnder等)＋that从句；
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/tld/reprted/decided等)＋that从句；
④It＋特殊动词(seems, appears, happens, matters)＋that从句。
·It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.
很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。
·It is reprted that the accident was caused by carelessness.
据报道，该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。
(5)在It is necessary/imprtant/suggested/advised/rdered＋that从句结构中，从句用“(shuld＋)动词原形”。
2．表语从句
(1)引导表语从句的连接词
从属连词that、 whether；连接代词what、 wh、 whse、 whatever、 whichever、 whever等；连接副词when、 where、 why、 hw等；从句用陈述语序。
·I'd like t start my wn business—that's what I'd d if I had the mney.
我愿意自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
(2)常见的表语从句句型：
①It lks/seems as if ...好像……；仿佛……；
②This is because ...这是因为……(强调原因)；
③The reasn why ... is that ...……的原因是……；
④That is why ...那就是……的原因(强调结果)；
⑤The questin/prblem is whether/when/where ...
问题是……；
⑥His dream/suggestin/aim/purpse is that ...
他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……；
⑦what从句＋be＋that从句。
高频考点二 定语从句
【高考试题再现】
语法填空
1. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Like anything, it is pssible t have t much f bth, is nt gd fr the health.
2. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
3. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 shwed a mere five t ten minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes.
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9 am t 5 pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield,
she pened with her late husband Les.
5. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring fr these animals.
答案：1.which 2. wh 3. which/that 4. which 5.wh/that
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
1. 确定定语从句关系词的解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词。
2. 关系词应遵循“缺什么, 补什么”的原则
(1)如果先行词指人, 定语从句中缺少主语, 限制性定语从句中用wh/that; 非限制性定语从句中用wh。
(2)如果先行词指人, 定语从句中缺少宾语, 限制性定语从句中用wh/that/whm; 非限制性定语从句中用whm。
(3)如果先行词指物, 定语从句中缺少主语或宾语, 限制性定语从句中用which/that; 非限制性定语从句用which。
(4)如果先行词指时间或地点, 定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语, 则用when或where; 如果缺少主语或宾语, 则用that或which。
(5)在“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句中如果先行词指人, 则关系词用whm; 如果先行词指物, 则用which。
【重点知识提示】
一、关系代词that、 which、 as引导的定语从句
1.6种只用that引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词是all、 everything、 anything、 nthing、 smething、 little、 much、 nne、 few、 the ne等不定代词时。(如先行词指人，可用wh代替that)
(2)先行词被all、 any、 few、 every、 n、 little、 much、 sme等词修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用wh代替that)
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时。
(4)先行词被the nly、 the very (正是、恰是)、 the last修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用wh代替that)
(5)先行词含有人和物两者时。
(6)先行词在主句中做表语，或关系词在从句中做表语时。
2．4种只用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。
(3)先行词本身是that时。
(4)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。
3．5种多用as引导定语从句的情况
(1)非限制性定语从句放在主句之前、主句之后或者插在主句中间皆可。
(2)非限制性定语从句的谓语为be annunced、 be expected、 be knwn、 be mentined、 be reprted、 be said等被动式谓语。
(3)表示整个主句内容，有时含有“按照；正如；根据”等意思。
(4)在下列固定结构中，关系代词指代整个主句所述的内容：
①as we all knw我们都知道
②as we all can see正如我们大家所能看到的那样
③as is ften the case情况常常如此
④as is well knwn众所周知
(5)当先行词被such、 the same、 s＋adj.＋a/an、 such a/an＋adj.修饰时。
二、关系代词wh、 whm、 whse
1.wh和whm的用法
(1)先行词为ne、 nes、 anyne、 thse指代人时。
·Thse wh are interested in the film can cntact me.
对该电影感兴趣的可与我联系。
(2)当先行词为人且关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whm。whm在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，介词可放在后面，也可提前构成“介词＋whm(先行词指人)”结构。
·The settlement is hme t nearly 1,000 peple, many f whm left their village hmes fr a better life in the city.
这里居住着将近1 000人，他们中的许多人都离开家乡去城市追求更好的生活。
2．whse的用法
whse指人或物，做定语，表示“……的”，可转换为“f＋关系代词”。关系代词whse可指人，表示“该人的”，也可指物，表示“该物的”；在以物为先行词时，可用f which代替whse在从句中做定语。
[提示] 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
·Tm is ne f the engineers wh are sent abrad.
汤姆是被派往国外的工程师之一。
·Tm is the nly ne f the engineers wh has cme up with the slutin.
汤姆就是唯一提出解决方案的那位工程师。
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
·He lived in a time when the blind culdn't get much educatin.
在他生活的那个时代，盲人是接受不了什么教育的。
·I walked up t the tp f the hill with my friend, where we enjyed a splendid view f the lake.
我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。
[提示] 若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situatin、 pint、 stage、 psitin等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，表示到了某种程度，在某种情况下；如果引导词在从句中做主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
·At last he gt the psitin (that/which) he had been dreaming f.
他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
·I have cme t the pint where/at which I can't stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。
四、介词＋关系代词
1.“介词＋关系代词”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物/事时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whm。当介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略。
·Caring fr the sul is a gradual prcess in which even the small details f life shuld be cnsidered.
关爱灵魂是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，即使生活中的小细节也应顾及。
·He bught the car fr mre than $20,000, at which his father was angry.
他花20 000多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋f＋which/whm”引导的定语从句。
·The grwing speed f a plant is influenced by a number f factrs, mst f which are beynd ur cntrl.
植物的生长速度受到很多因素的影响，其中大部分因素是我们无法控制的。
·There are arund fur hundred students in ur grade, mst f whm are frm the Xicheng District.
我们年级有大约四百名学生，其中大多数都来自西城区。
【专题训练】
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The British have been drinking tea fr ver 350 years. But in fact, the histry f tea ges much 1. (far) back.
The stry f tea begins in China. Accrding t the legend, the Chinese emperr Shen Nung was sitting 2. a tree while his servant biled drinking water, when sme leaves frm the tree blew int the water. Shen Nung, 3. expert in herbal medicine, decided t try the water his servant created. As a result, it tasted s gd that later the drink was 4. we nw call tea.
It is 5. (pssible) t knw whether there is any truth in this stry. 6. , tea drinking certainly was established in China many centuries befre it had even been heard f in the west. Cntainers f tea 7. (find) in tmbs dating frm the Han dynasty (206BC-220AD) befre tea was firmly established as the natinal drink f China in the Tang dynasty (618-906AD). It became 8. a favrite thing that during the late eighth century, a writer 9. (call) Lu Yu wrte the first bk entirely abut tea, the Ch’a Ching, r Tea Classic. It was shrtly after this that tea was first intrduced t Japan, by Japanese Buddhist mnks wh had travelled t China t study befre. Tea drinking has becme a vital part f Japanese culture, 10. may be rted in the sprit described in the Ch’a Ching.
【答案】
1. further
2. under/beneath
3. an
4. what
5. impssible
6. Hwever
7. had been fund
8. such
9. called
10. which
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。说明了茶的起源、发展以及传播。
1. 考查形容词比较级。句意：但事实上，茶的历史可以追溯到更久远的年代。此处表示“（程度上）更远”，应用形容词比较级further。
2. 考查介词。句意：据传说，中国的神农皇帝坐在一棵树下，他的仆人正在烧水喝，这时树上的一些叶子被吹到了水里。表示“在……下面”，故填介词under/beneath。
3. 考查冠词。句意：神农是一位草药专家，他决定试试仆人发明的水。expert为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一位专家”，且expert为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
4. 考查连接词。句意：结果，它尝起来很好，后来这种饮料就是我们现在所说的茶。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，故填what。
5. 考查形容词。句意：不可能知道这个故事是否真实。表示“不可能”，故填impssible。
6. 考查连词。句意：然而，饮茶在西方闻所未闻的几百年前就已经在中国确立了。根据上下文语境为转折关系，故填Hwever。
7. 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：早在唐代茶被确定为中国的国酒之前，人们就在汉代(公元前206年-公元220年)的墓葬中发现了盛茶的容器。“发现容器”发生在“tea was firmly established”之前，即为“过去的过去”故用过去完成时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故填had been fund。
8. 考查固定句式。句意：它成为如此受欢迎的事情，以至于在8世纪末，一位名叫陆羽的作家写了第一本完全关于茶的书，《茶经》。固定句式s/such…that…“如此……以致于……”，且根据下文a favrite thing为名词需要such修饰，故填such。
9. 考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故call只能作非谓语动词与逻辑主语Lu Yu构成被动关系，故填过去分词called。
10. 考查定语从句连接词。句意：饮茶已经成为日本文化的一个重要组成部分，这可能源于《茶经》中描述的精神。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句缺少主语，故填which。
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu knw where yur lks cme frm—fr example, yu may have yw mther’s nse r yur father’s eyes. But what abut things that we can’t see, like yu went 11. music? Is this smething that yu learned, r are yur abilities and persnality traits 12. (determine) by yur genes(基因)? What makes 13. individual behave in a certain14. and display certain talents?
Scientists are nt clear 15. the answer t this questin is. Thse 16. supprt the nature thery believe that humans 17. (prgram) genetically t behave in certain ways, regardless f culture and upbringing. One the ther hand, we have the nurture thery, which 18. (argue) that a persn's behavir and persnality are develped by teaching and experience. There is evidence 19. (supprt) bth f these theries and the debate is still t be reslved. It seems mst prbable that bth theries have their validity(正确性) and that nature and nurture each play a 20. in making us wh we are.
【答案】
11. fr
12. determined
13. an
14. way
15. what
16. wh
17. are prgrammed
18. argues
19. supprting
20. part/rle
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了影响人们行为方式的决定因素是哪些。
11. 考查固定短语。句意：但是那些我们看不到的东西呢，比如你喜欢音乐?短语g fr“支持；喜欢”，故填fr。
12. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是你学来的吗?还是你的能力和个性特征是由基因决定的?本句中determine作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语traits构成被动，故填过去分词determined。
13. 考查冠词。句意：是什么让一个人以一定方式表现出某种才能? individual为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个人”，且individual为元音音素开头的单词，故填不定冠词an。
14. 考查固定短语。短语a certain way“某种方式；一定方式”，故填way。
15. 考查连接词。句意：科学家不清楚这个问题的答案是什么。本句为名词性从句，从句中缺少表语，指代事物，故填what。
16. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：支持自然理论的人认为，无论文化和教养如何，人类的基因决定了他们的行为方式。本句为定语从句，修饰先行词thse，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故填关系代词wh。
17. 考查动词时态语态。根据上文believe可知，为一般现在时，且主语humans与谓语动词prgram为被动关系，故填are prgrammed。
18. 考查主谓一致。句意：另一方面，我们有教养理论，它认为一个人的行为和个性是通过教学和经验发展起来的。本句为定语从句，主语为thery，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填第三人称单数形式argues。
19. 考查非谓语动词。句意：有证据支持这两种理论，争论仍有待解决。本句supprt作非谓语动词与逻辑主语evidence构成主动关系，故用现在分词supprting。
20. 考查固定短语。句意：似乎最有可能的是，这两种理论都有其有效性，而自然和后天培养都在塑造我们的过程中发挥了作用。短语play a part/rle in“在……起作用”，故填part/rle。
3
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A twist f fate
When Tamara Rabi met Adriana Sctt at a lcal McDnald’s restaurant, their lives changed frever. “I didn’t knw what t say 21. ‘hi’. I was just s shcked -- it was like seeing myself,” says Adriana. They were bth students at neighburing universities in Lng Island, New Yrk, and they had grwn up nly 30 kilmetres apart. They shared a birthday, they were exactly the same height and bth lved hip hp. But the mst imprtant thing 22. was shared between them was the same Mexican mther. Bth girls grew up knwing that their mther 23. (give) them up fr adptin when they were brn, but they had n idea 24. they had a twin sister. Then, Justin Lattre, a friend f Adriana’s, went t Tamara’s twentieth birthday party. When he walked in and saw Tamara, hardly 25. he believe his eyes. “I was just shcked -- she lked s much like Adriana,” says Justin. Then it gt clear -- they had t be sisters. In fact, Tamara had already nticed that strangers n her university campus ften smiled and said hell, clearly 26. (mistake) her fr smene else.
Fllwing the birthday, Justin put the tw girls in tuch and they arranged the McDnald’s meeting by email. “27. she came twards me, she was walking like me, talking like me,” says Tamara. “We have the same mannerisms, the same interests and gt the same grades at schl,” adds Adriana. The girl even discvered that as children they had ften had the same nightmare f a really lud nise 28. (fllw) by a very quiet ne. They had anther sad factr a cmmn. 29. f their adptive fathers had died a few years befre they met.
Nw the twins are finishing their studies, and they meet ften. “I feel she’s my sister, but ur relatinship right nw is mre like friends,” says Tamara. She’s ptimistic and excited that their futures will be tgether. “We will always have each ther. We dn’t have any ther brthers and sisters -- we are sure 30. (grw) ld tgether!”
【答案】
21. except
22. that
23. had given
24. that
25. did
26. mistaking
27. When
28. fllwed
29. Bth
30. t grw
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。Justin Lattre参加Tamara Rabi的生日派对时，发现她与朋友Adriana Sctt长相相似，他认为两者是姐妹，便安排她们在麦当劳见面。原来她们是双胞胎姐妹，却从小分开；她们身上有很多共同点，以后她们会相互陪伴着走下去，慢慢变老。
21. 考查介词。句意：“除了‘嗨’，我不知道该说什么。根据后面I was just s shcked -- it was like seeing myself. Adriana很震惊，因为就像看到了她自己，可知此处应该是惊讶地只能说
“hi”了。except“除…之外”，符合语境。故填except。
22. 考查定语从句关系词，句意：但他们之间最重要的联系是有同一个墨西哥母亲。分析句子结构知，__2__ was shared between them是定语从句，先行词是the mst imprtant thing，被最高级修饰，且从句中缺少主语，故应该是that。故填that。
23. 考查动词时态。句意：两个女孩在成长过程中都知道，她们一出生，母亲就把她们交给了别人收养。grew up这个动作发生在过去，母亲把她们交给（give）别人抚养发生在grw up之前，也就是说give的动作发生在grew up之前，grew up是过去时，所以give发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had given。
24. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：但她们不知道自己有一个双胞胎妹妹。分析句子结构知，空后是一个宾语从句，应用that连接。故填that。
25. 考查倒装句。句意：当他走进来看见Tamara时，简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。分析结构知，此处是倒装句，且为一般过去时。 hardly在句首，主句要用倒装结构即谓语动词did要放在主语前。故填did。
26. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她在大学校园里，陌生人经常微笑着给她打招呼，显然把她错当成了别人。分析句子结构知，此句在本句中作状语，且mistake与主语strangers为主动关系，故用现在分词。故填mistaking。
27. 考查时间状语连接词。句意：当她向我走来的时候，她走路姿态和我一样，说话方式也和我一样。根据句意可知，此为时间状语从句，came为不可延续动词，故填When。
28. 考查动词语态。句意：这个女孩甚至发现，当他们还是孩子的时候，经常会做同样的噩梦，先是听到非常大的噪音，然后是非常安静的噪音。分析句子结构可知，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的nise，故填fllwed。
29. 考查代词。句意：她们的养父们在她们相遇前几年都去世了。此处是指双胞胎姐妹二人，故填Bth。
30. 考查不定式。句意：我们没有其他的兄弟姐妹——我们一定会一起变老的!be sure t d sth.一定会做某事，故填t grw。
4
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pass Yur Lve n
31. (wait)fr the airplane t take ff，I was happy t get a seat by myself. Just then， 32. air hstess apprached me and asked，“Wuld yu mind 33. (change) yur seat? A cuple wuld like t sit tgether. ”The nly pssible seat was next t a girl with her arms in casts(石膏绷带)，a black－and－blue face，and a sad 34. (express). “N way am I ging t sit there，” I thught 35. (immediate). But a sft vice spke，“She needs help. ” Finally，I decided t mve t that seat.
The girl was named Kathy. She had been in a car accident and nw was 36. her way t treatment.
When the snacks and juice arrived，it did nt take me lng t realize 37. Kathy wuld nt be able t feed herself. I cnsidered 38. (ffer)t feed her but hesitated，as it seemed t implite t ffer a service t a stranger. But then I realized that Kathy's need was mre imprtant than my discmfrt.I ffered t help her eat，and 39. she was uncmfrtable t accept，she did as I expected. We became clser and clser in a shrt perid f time. By the end f the five－hur trip，we became friends，and the time remves the fear that keeps us separate. When we ffer t serve anther，we grw t live in a larger and 40. (many)rewarding wrld.
【答案】
31. Waiting
32. an
33. changing
34. expressin
35. immediately
36. n
37. that
38. ffering
39. thugh
40. mre
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。通过作者讲述自己在飞机上的经历，强调了传递爱的重要性。
31. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在等待飞机起飞时，我很高兴自己找到了一个座位。wait做非谓语动词，逻辑主语I为主动关系，故用-ing形式，故填waiting。
32. 考查冠词。句意：正在这时，一位空姐走过来问我:“你介意换一下座位吗?一对夫妇想要坐在一起。” hstess为可数名词，此处表泛指“一位空姐”，且air为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
33. 考查非谓语动词。mind ding sth. “介意做某事”，为固定短语，故填changing。
34. 考查名词。句意：唯一可能的座位是一个包着石膏的女孩旁边，她的脸青一块紫一块的，脸上带着悲伤的表情。根据语境可知，女孩脸上神情伤感。也可根据“a sad”提示可知，用express的名词形式expressin作介词with的宾语。故填expressin。
35. 考查副词。句意：“我不可能坐在那儿，”我立刻想。根据语境可知。此处用immediate的副词形式修饰动词作状语。故填immediately。
36. 考查固定短语。句意：她出了车祸，现在正在接受治疗。n ne's way t...“在……路上”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填n。
37. 考查宾语从句。句意：当零食和果汁送到时，我很快就意识到凯西将无法自己吃饭。根据语境可知，“ Kathy wuld nt be able t feed herself. ”宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意思完整，故填that引导宾语从句。
38. 考查固定短语。句意：我考虑过要喂她，但犹豫了，因为给陌生人提供服务似乎太不礼貌了。cnsider ding sth. “考虑做某事”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填ffering。
39. 考查连接词。句意：虽然她有些不好意思接受，但是，正如我预料到的那样，最后还是接受了。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”，故填thugh。
40. 考查形容词比较级。句意：当我们主动为他人服务时，我们就成长为生活在一个更大、更有价值的世界里。根据语境可知，只有我们互相帮助，世界才会变得更大更有意义。故填mre，构成rewarding（有益的）的比较级。
5
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A girl wh has a gift fr drawing
I went t an exhibitin last mnth, 41. I admired a lt f wnderful paintings. Mary, 42. drawings were shwn at the exhibitin, is a mdel student 43. is ften praised fr her gd wrk at schl. As sn as we gt int the exhibitin hall 44. the paintings were n shw, ur eyes were caught by a very large picture 45. was hung n the wall in frnt f us. The hrse 46. was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real hrse. The man 47. was riding n it lked like a living man. It was the best picture 48. I had ever seen, and I shuld say Mary is the best yung painter 49. I have ever heard f. Hwever, yu will be quite mistaken if yu think that Mary was brn a gd painter. One f her teachers tld me that it had taken Mary thusands f hurs t learn and practise drawing befre she became the best yung painter 50. has ever been heard f in her hmetwn. But if yu say that she has learned t be s gd at drawing nly by wrking hard at it, I will certainly agree with yu.
【答案】
41. where
42. whse
43. wh/that
44. where
45. that/ which
46. that/ which
47. wh/that
48. that
49. that
50. that
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。
41.
考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an exhibitin，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。
42.
考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whse在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whse。
43.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a mdel student，关系代词wh/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填wh/that。
44.
考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the exhibitin hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
45.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
46.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The hrse，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
47.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The man，关系代词wh/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填wh/that。
48.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说 Mary 是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用 which。故填that。
49.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the best yung painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用wh。故填that。
50.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best yung painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用wh。故填that。
6
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A wman in blue jeans std at the windw f 51. expensive shp. Thugh she hesitated fr a mment, she finally went in and asked t see a dress 52. was in the windw. The assistant wh served her did nt like the way she was dressed. 53. (lk) at her scrnfully, he tld her that the dress 54. (sell). The wman walked55. f the shp angrily and decided t punish the assistant next day. She returned t the shp the fllwing mrning dressed in a fur cat, 56. a handbag in ne hand and a lng umbrella in the ther. 57. seeking ut the rude assistant she asked fr the same dress. Nt realizing wh she was, the assistant was eager t serve her this time. With great58. (difficult), he climbed int the shp windw t get the dress. As sn as she saw it, the wman said she 59. (nt)like it. She enjyed60. （she） making the assistant bring almst everything in the windw befre finally buying the dress she had first asked fr.
【答案】
51. an
52. that
53. lking
54. was sld
55. ut
56. with
57. After
58. difficulty
59. didn’t
60. herself
【分析】
本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了一位女士去奢侈品店买裙子遭到不公正对待，于是第二天想出办法惩罚服务生的故事。
51.
考查冠词。句意：一位穿蓝色牛仔裤的女士站在一家奢侈品店的窗玻璃前。此处表示一家奢侈品店，expensive的开头是元音所以用an。故填an。
52.
考查定语从句的连词。句意：尽管她犹豫了一会，但最终还是走了进去要求看一下橱窗里的裙子。分析句子可知___2___ was in the windw修饰dress，作定语，所以用关系词，在根据从句缺主语可知用关系代词，指物用which或that。故填that。
53.
考查非谓语动词做状语。句意：轻蔑地看了她一下，服务员告诉这位女士裙子被卖出去了。分析句子可知此句的谓语为tld， lk应该做非谓语，在根据lk 与he的关系是主动，可知应该用现在分词，故填lking。
54.
考查被动语态。句意：轻蔑地看了她一下，服务员告诉这位女士裙子被卖出去了。裙子与卖是被动关系，根据文中时态可知用一般过去时。故填was sld。
55.
考查介词。句意：这位女士生气地走出了商店，决定第二天惩罚一下服务员。走出商店用walk ut f the shp， 故填ut。
56.
考查介词。句意：第二天早上这位女士穿着貂皮大衣回到了这家商店，一手拿着包，一手拿着伞。此处表示随手拿着，故填with。
57.
考查介词。句意：找到前一天的那个服务生之后，她又要同一件裙子。因为要惩罚那个服务生，所以是先找到他，然后要同一件裙子，故填After。
58.
考查名词。句意：他费力地爬进商店的橱窗去取裙子。with介词后要用名词。故填difficulty。
59.
考查助动词。句意：她一看到裙子，就说她不喜欢它。此处是构成否定句，根据时态是过去时，所以助动词用did nt，故填didn’t。
60.
考查反身代词。句意：她开心地迫使那位售货员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都最后才买下了她最先要看的那件衣服。enjy neself 玩得开心，故填herself。
7
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.
Fid, a little dg,was very anxius t get the favr n his master. He tk care, hwever, neither t be trublesme,61. wuld he fllw him int the living rm unless he was asked. He als tried t make62. (he) useful t his kind master. He wuld drive away strange pigs and ther animals63. came int the yard.
Once when his master was sick, Fid64. (lie) at the rm dr and did nt leave, even t get his fd. When his master was well enugh, Fid 65. (admit) int the rm, and shwed s many signs f jy that his master was mre fnd 66. him than ever.
Fid even had a chance f 67. (save) his master's life. His master was sleeping in a summerhuse with Fid at his side. Suddenly68. dg saw the wall shake, and dirt fall frm the ceiling. Fid knew that there was danger, and began barking69. ( awake) his master. As this did nt succeed, he jumped up, and70. ( gentle) bit his finger. His master had just time t get ut f the dr when the whle building fell. Fid was hurt by sme f the rubbish. And his master had him kindly taken care f till he gt well.
【答案】
61. nr
62. himself
63. which/that
64. lay
65. was admitted
66. f
67. saving
68. the
69. t awake
70. gently
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了一条名叫Fid的狗，经过努力，赢得主人喜爱的故事。
61. 考查固定搭配。句意：但是，他很小心，既不惹麻烦，也不会进入主人的房间—除非主人允许。该题考查neither…nr…固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。故填nr。
62. 考查反身代词。句意：他努力使自己对主人来说有用。该空作make的宾语，且指主语本身，故应用反身代词。故填himself。
63. 考查定语从句。句意：他会赶走来到院子里的奇怪的猪和其他动物。“______3______came int the yard”是定语从句，修饰strange pigs and ther animals，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。
64. 考查动词时态。句意：有一次，他的主人生病了，Fid躺在房门前，甚至不出去觅食。该空作谓语，且根据前面的时间状语可知，该空叙述的是发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时态。故填lay。
65. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：Fid被允许进入房间。该空在句中作谓语，主语Fid和admit之间是被动关系，且根据该句时间状语，该句应用一般过去时态。故填was admitted。
66. 考查介词。句意：他的主人比以前更加喜欢他。该题考查be fnd f(喜欢)这个固定搭配。故填f。
67. 考查动名词。句意：Fid甚至有机会挽救主人的生命。该空作介词f的宾语，应用动名词。故填saving。
68. 考查冠词。句意：突然，这条狗看见墙在晃动。该处特指上文提到的Fid，表特指，用定冠词the。故填the。
69. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他开始狂吠，想要唤醒主人。“______9______( awake) his master”是目的状语，表目的，用动词不定式。故填t awake。
70. 考查副词。句意：他跳起来，轻轻地咬他的手指。该空修饰bit，修饰动词用副词，故填gently。
8
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Right nw in schls acrss the cuntry children are busy selling Pepsi-Cla in the name f educatin. They are part f Pepsi’s “Learn and Earn Prject” -- a cmpetitin 71. (set) up by Pepsi nce a year that encurages students t sell the sft drink at parties.
Accrding t materials the cmpany 72. (send) t the teachers，the prject declares “help strengthen students’ brad understandings f business, particularly its brad marketing and management aspects”.
73. it fulfills this bjective r nt, it des succeed in selling Pepsi.
The “Learn and Earn Prject” is just ne example f the hundreds f ways fd cmpanies 74. (encurage) the buying f their prducts in schls. Particularly in the fields f nutritin and hme ecnmics, cmpanies send numerus “teaching aids”: highly prfessinal films, shiny wrkbks and pamphlets, 75. available t teachers at well belw cmmercial rates 76. free.
Fr example, the Savennach Sugar Refining Crp.，put ut a bk fr students called “Sugar Thrugh the Ages” which includes statements such as “Scientists have fund that generus amunts f sugar 77. (be) a valuable part f well-balanced diets fr grwing children”.
By far, 78. (large) supplier f nutritin materials t schls is the Natinal Dairy Cuncil, which prvides all srts f pamphlets 79. (address) questins ranging frm “Hw am I ding scially?” t “Hw am I ding physically?” These materials are full f things abut dairy prducts, daily calcium requirement, etc.
But nutritin and hme ecnmics are nt the nly areas 80. cmpanies have fund a Lucrative (有利可图的)frm f advertising.
【答案】
71. set
72. sends
73. Whether
74. encurage
75. all
76. r
77. are
78. the largest
79. addressing
80. where
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了像百事可乐公司这些公司通过在学校启动一些让学生学习的项目如“Learn and Earn Prject”来推动了百事可乐的销售。
71. 考查过去分词做后置定语。句意：百事可乐公司每年举办一次比赛，这比赛鼓励学生在聚会上销售这种软饮料。set up与修饰名词 cmpetitin逻辑上是动宾关系，表示被动，用set的过去分词，故填set。
72. 考查动词。句意：根据公司发给老师的材料。后半句the prject declares….是一般现在时，故前半句也是一般现在时，主语是the cmpany，谓语用第三人称单数，故填sends。
73. 考查固定搭配。句意：不管它能否实现这个目标，它都成功地销售了百事可乐。whether….r nt“是否”，故填Whether。
74. 考查动词。句意：“学习和赚钱项目”只是食品公司鼓励学生在校购买食品的数百种方式之一。cmpanies encurage the buying f their prducts in schls是一个定语从句，从句中主语是cmpanies，故谓语encurage应保持主谓一致，故填encurage。
75. 考查代词。句意：非常专业的电影，新的练习册和小册子，以低价或免费提供给教师。此处指代highly prfessinal films, shiny wrkbks and pamphlets，故填代词all。
76. 考查连词。此处表示选择关系，故填连词r。
77. 考查主谓一致。句意：对于正在成长的孩子来说，大量的糖是均衡饮食中是很重要的一部分。宾语从句generus amunts f sugar … grwing children，主语是amunts f sugar，谓语应保持一致，故填are。
78. 考查形容词最高级。句意：目前为止，学校最大提供营养物质的供应商是国家奶制品委员会。此处意为 “最大的”，故填the largest。
79. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它提供各种各样解决问题的小册子，从“我在社交方面做得怎么样?”到“我身体怎么样？此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，谓语是prvides，宾语是 all srts f pamphlets ，名词pamphlets与 address在逻辑上是主谓关系，表示主动，故填addressing。
80. 考查定语从句。句意：但营养和家庭经济并不是公司发现的唯一一种有利可图的广告形式领域。由where 引导的定语从句，作areas的定语。定语从句中主语是cmpanies，谓语是 have fund，宾语 a Lucrative frm f advertising，此处缺地点状语，故填where。
关系副词
先行词
句法功能
when
时间
时间状语，相当于表时间的“介词＋which”
where
地点、情形、状况、
活动、关键点等
地点状语，相当于表地点的“介词＋which”
why
原因
原因状语，相当于fr which