2026《衡中学案》高考一轮总复习 英语（人教版）语法悟通　专题5　不容忽视的冠词、代词、数词和介词(短语)

这是一份2026《衡中学案》高考一轮总复习 英语（人教版）语法悟通　专题5　不容忽视的冠词、代词、数词和介词(短语)，共10页。
1．(2024·全国甲卷) This area，with its (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty，must be well preserved fr all peple f the natin t enjy—as a natinal park.
解析：考查代词和介词。第一空修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词。故填its。分析句子结构可知，第二空应填介词fr，fr与名词连用后接不定式，构成fr sb. t d结构，在此结构中fr用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。故填fr。
2．(2024·北京卷)One day, I saw a by walking alng Gerge Street with an armful f bks. I thught t myself, “Why wuld he carry all his bks? ”
解析：考查介词。固定搭配think t neself意为“盘算，心里想”。故填t。
3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshuse stands as a great achievement in cntemprary design，t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path...
解析：考查介词。根据句意可知，此处指的是Glasshuse“作为”当代设计的一项伟大成就。故填as。
4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)I happen t knw that Tang's play The Peny Pavilin(《牡丹亭》) is similar in sme ways t Rme and Juliet.
解析：考查介词。be similar t意为“和……相似”。故填t。
5．(2024·1月浙江卷)． supermarkets ... selling chicken r salad in tw halves cntaining separate prtins(份)．Then, when yu use ne sectin， the ther stays fresh. Wh knws，perhaps sme f the mre frward-lking nes (ne) may yet cme ut with a whle range f “just fr yu” pack sizes with special ffers as well.
解析：第一空考查冠词。the ther意为“(两个中的)另一个”，为固定搭配。故填the。第二空考查代词。代词ne在sme f后应用复数形式。故填nes。
6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There yu will find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup，and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rlled.
解析：考查介词。by hand“用手”是固定搭配。故填by。
7．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside，the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin，allwing them t be lifted ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their (they) cntents.
解析：考查代词。修饰后面的名词cntents需用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
8．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The meat shuld be fresh with a tuch f sweetness and the sup ht，clear and delicius.
解析：考查冠词。a tuch f意为“一点点；稍许”，为常用搭配，tuch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
9．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)And wh d they speak English with/t ?
解析：考查介词。根据句意可知，应用speak English with/t sb.，意为“与某人用英语交谈”。故填with/t。
10．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Nt the pandas，even thugh the language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
11．(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern.Frm Buddhist temples t museums，narrw hutng t ryal palaces，it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut，with the city keeping its carefully built system f ring rads.
解析：考查介词。根据上文的“Frm Buddhist temples t museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词t。故填t。
12．(2023·全国甲卷)Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures，and the well-knwn Aesp's fables date t the sixth (six) century，，the frm f the fable still has values tday, as Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw.”
解析：考查数词。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
13．(2023·1月浙江卷)Thanks t Beijing's lng histry as capital f China，almst every hutng has its stries，and sme are even assciated with histric events. In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple f Heaven，the hutngs reflect the culture f grassrts Beijingers.
解析：第一空考查介词。空白处所在部分意为“由于北京……中国首都的悠久历史”。介词as在此意为“作为”，符合句子结构和语境。第二空考查冠词。空白处后指的是“北京普通民众的文化”，此处填定冠词the表示特指。故填as；the。
14．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Cvering an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
解析：考查冠词。“倍数＋the size (width, length...) f”是固定用法，意为“……是……的……倍”。故填the。
15．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas als serve as an umbrella species (物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.
解析：考查固定搭配。serve as为固定搭配，意为“充当，担任”。故填as。
16．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) The Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt.On the day f the accident, Mrs.Brwn was at wrk and Eric was at hme with his father.
解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用冠词与Brwn family 构成名词短语作主语。the＋姓氏，意为“某某一家人”；同时该单词置于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。
17．(2022·全国甲卷) A friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，且空后的名词friend的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a；且设空处位于句首。故填A。
18．(2022·全国乙卷)T celebrate the festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
解析：考查冠词。设空处特指这一个节日，应用定冠词the。故填the。
19．As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitr's memry. It sure des in mine (I)．
解析：考查代词。根据上文中的in the visitr's memry可知，in 对应的是in my memry，设空处指的是“在我的记忆中”。故填mine。
20．While yu're in China, Munt Huangshan is a must t visit!
解析：考查冠词。must在这里作可数名词，意为“必须做(或看、买等)的事”；a must在文中指“一个必游之地”，且must的发音是以辅音音素开头的。故填a。
21．(2022·全国甲卷) He flew 4,700 kilmeters frm Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, planning t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
解析：考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4,700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi'an t Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词frm，固定搭配表示“从……到……”。故填frm。
22．(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially by the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019.
解析：考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在2019年11月27日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be＋过去分词＋by”。故填by。
23． The Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family.
解析：考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Linclns可知，此处考查“the＋姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
24．Ecturism has its (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s.
解析：考查代词。句意：生态旅游业起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。空格所填词与空后的rigin一起作has的宾语；同时与空后的rigin构成限定关系，因此应填形容词物主代词。故填its。
25．She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f herself (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.
解析：考查反身代词。句意：她非常漂亮，并且她的房子就是她的写照，每件东西都摆放整齐，品味也很好。故填herself。
26．It was built riginally t prtect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred(修复)．
解析：考查介词。唐朝the Tang Dynasty，是段时间。因此，在唐朝，应用in the Tang Dynasty。故填in。
27．Due t the grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
解析：考查介词。句意：……各种各样的旅行被归类于生态旅行。根据空格前后为名词并具有所属关系。故填f。
28．The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in wmen and men.
解析：考查介词。句意：研究发现1985－2017年间，农村男人和女人BMI的平均数值上升了2.1。increase by＋数值表示增长了多少。故填by。
29．In 1844 they bught it fr $1,200 and sme land.
解析：考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1,200美元的价格购买了它(这个房子)和一些地。buy sth. fr ＋价格，表示以什么价格购买某物。故填fr。
30．The plum trees are the first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化).
解析：考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
31．Then，with the rise f science，changes began.
解析：考查冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise f 译为“随着……的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。
32．A child brn in the US tday has a very realistic chance f living beynd 100 and needs t plan accrdingly.
解析：考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
33．Data abut the mn's cmpsitin, such as hw much ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether its (it) plans fr a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
解析：考查代词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少冰和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
34．As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
解析：考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitrs，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
35．The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist n earth, Mther Nature.
解析：考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为n earth。故填n。
36．Museums must cmpete fr peple's spare time and mney with ther amusements.
解析：考查介词。句意：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语：cmpete fr，意为“为了……竞争”。故填fr。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Passage 1 冠词与代词专练
On ur way t the huse， 1. was raining s hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng 2. wuld take t get there.It was in the middle f Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by 3. pack f dgs，seven t be exact. 4. (them) were well trained by their masters wh had great experience with caring fr 5. (this) animals.Our hsts shared many f 6. (they) experiences and recmmended wnderful places t eat，shp，and visit.Fr breakfast，we were able t eat papaya(木瓜) and ther fruits frm their trees in 7. backyard.
When they were free frm wrk，they invited 8. (we) t lcal events and let us knw f 9. interesting cmpetitin t watch，tgether with the stry behind it.They als shared with us many traditinal stries abut Hawaii that were hugely ppular with turists.On 10. last day f ur week-lng stay，we were invited t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars，listening t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在美国夏威夷的一次旅行经历。
解析：
1．it 考查代词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们忍不住去想还要多久才能到达那里。it 可以指天气。故填it。
2．it 考查代词。句意同上题。此处是句式It takes (sb.)sme time t d sth.，it为形式主语，t d不定式为真正的主语。故填it。
3．a 考查冠词。a pack f意为“一群”。故填a。
4．They 考查代词。句意：它们被它们的主人训练得很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。它们(狗儿们)在这里作主语；位于句首，大写首字母。故填They。
5．these 考查代词。句意同上题。因为animals是复数形式，故填指示代词these。故填these。
6．their 考查代词。experience是名词，前面需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰它。故填their。
7．the 考查冠词。空处修饰名词backyard，是特指的他们的院子。故填the。
8．us 考查代词。空处作invited的宾语，应用宾格形式。故填us。
9．an 考查冠词。空后interesting的发音以元音音素开头，此处泛指一场有趣的比赛。故填an。
10．the 考查冠词。n the last day在最后一天。故填the。
Passage 2 动词与介词专练
She lks like any ther schlgirl，fresh-faced and full 1. life.Sarah Thmas is lking frward 2. the challenge f her new A-level curse.But unlike her schl friends,16-year-ld Sarah is nt spending half-term 3. (rest)．Instead，she is earning ￡6,500 a day as a mdel in New Yrk.
Sarah was tld that she culd be Britain's new supermdel，earning a millin dllars in the next year.Her father Peter,44，wants her t give 4. schl t mdel full-time.But Sarah，wh has taken part 5. shws alng with tp mdels，wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.She is determined t carry 6. with her educatin.
She has turned 7. several invitatins t star at shws in rder t cncentrate n her studies.After schl she plans t take a year 8. t mdel full-time befre ging t university t get a degree 9. engineering r architecture.
Sarah says，“My dad thinks I shuld take the ffer nw.But at the mment，schl 10. (cme) first.I dn't want t get t absrbed in mdeling.It is certainly fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.I dn't want t have nthing else t fall back n when I can't mdel any mre.”
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Sarah Thmas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。
解析：
1．f 考查介词。固定短语： full f life充满活力。故填f。
2．t 考查介词。固定短语：lk frward t (ding) sth.盼望(做)某事。故填t。
3．resting 考查非谓语动词。固定短语：spend time (in) ding sth.花费时间做某事。故填resting。
4．up 考查动词短语。固定短语：give up (ding) sth.放弃(做)某事。故填up。
5．in 考查动词短语。固定短语：take part in sth.参加……活动。故填in。
6．n 考查动词短语。固定短语：carry n with sth.继续某事。 故填n。
7．dwn 考查动词短语。固定短语：turn dwn 拒绝。故填dwn。
8．ff 考查动词短语。固定短语：take sme time ff 请假一段时间。故填ff。
9．in 考查介词。in表示“在某方面”，get a degree in...意为“在某方面获得某项学位”。故填in。
10．cmes 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。故填cmes。
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)“我就知道你会赢！我为你感到骄傲。你成功了！”他兴奋地说。
“I knew yu'd win! I am prud f yu. Yu made it ！” he said excitedly.
2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)然而，他用尽全力赶上其他人，他的小身体左右摇晃，没有放弃的迹象。
Hwever, he went all ut t keep up with the thers , his small bdy rcking frm side t side ，shwing n sign f giving up.
3．站在山顶上，我们可以看到更广阔的地平线。
Standing n the tp f the muntain , we can enjy a brader hrizn.
4．最后但同样重要的是，由于不断的锻炼和健身，我的身体状况很好。
Last but nt least, thanks t the cnstant exercise and bdy building, I am in gd cnditin .
5．总的来说，我有资格成为一名志愿者。
On the whle , I am qualified t be a vlunteer.
6．你已经养成了每天练习京剧的习惯，这是你成功的关键。
Yu have made it a habit t practise Peking Opera n a daily basis, which is the key t yur success.
7．(2023·全国甲卷)给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。”
What impresses me mst is his famus philsphy f life：“Be the first t wrry abut the trubles acrss the land, and the last t enjy universal happiness.”
Ⅳ.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文，注意代词、介词和冠词的运用)
Dear all，
I'm hnured t annunce that this semester's“Mst ppular teacher” ges t Mike!
He gives ur grade ral English， 1.encuraging us t speak mre (鼓励我们多说). Besides, he 2.is respnsible fr/takes respnsibility fr (对……负责) ur Drama Club, where we rehearse tgether and present marvelus plays 3.under his prfessinal guidance (在他专业的指导下)．
Mike is wrthy f this award. His exceptinal teaching ability has greatly 4.bsted ur cnfidence in expressing urselves (增强了我们表达自我的信心). What's mre, his passin fr teaching as well as friendliness t students makes learning with him 5.a really enjyable experience (真正令人愉悦的体验)．
Nw let's welcme ur principal t present this award t Mike!