高考英语二轮-阅读理解之七选五（题型专练）（北京高考真题+各区模拟）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读理解之七选五（题型专练）（北京高考真题+各区模拟）（教师版），共41页。
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc220952774" I. 考情透视 PAGEREF _Tc220952774 \h 2
\l "_Tc220952775" II.解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc220952775 \h 2
\l "_Tc220952776" III. 真题汇编 PAGEREF _Tc220952776 \h 4
\l "_Tc220952777" 2025东城期末 PAGEREF _Tc220952777 \h 4
\l "_Tc220952778" 2025西城期末 PAGEREF _Tc220952778 \h 5
\l "_Tc220952779" 2025朝阳期末 PAGEREF _Tc220952779 \h 7
\l "_Tc220952780" 2025海淀期末 PAGEREF _Tc220952780 \h 10
\l "_Tc220952781" 2025丰台期末 PAGEREF _Tc220952781 \h 12
\l "_Tc220952782" 2025石景山期末 PAGEREF _Tc220952782 \h 13
\l "_Tc220952783" 2025东城一模 PAGEREF _Tc220952783 \h 15
\l "_Tc220952784" 2025西城一模 PAGEREF _Tc220952784 \h 17
\l "_Tc220952785" 2025朝阳一模 PAGEREF _Tc220952785 \h 18
\l "_Tc220952786" 2025海淀一模 PAGEREF _Tc220952786 \h 20
\l "_Tc220952787" 2025丰台一模 PAGEREF _Tc220952787 \h 22
\l "_Tc220952788" 2025石景山一模 PAGEREF _Tc220952788 \h 24
\l "_Tc220952789" 2025 东城二模 PAGEREF _Tc220952789 \h 26
\l "_Tc220952790" 2025 西城二模 PAGEREF _Tc220952790 \h 28
\l "_Tc220952791" 2025 朝阳二模 PAGEREF _Tc220952791 \h 31
\l "_Tc220952792" 2025 海淀二模 PAGEREF _Tc220952792 \h 33
\l "_Tc220952793" 2025 丰台二模 PAGEREF _Tc220952793 \h 35
I. 考情透视
信息还原七选五也叫补全阅读题，常见短文体裁为说明文和议论文，这两种文体结构清晰，层次分明，通常考查主题句概括、过渡句、总结句等。
2020 - 2025年北京卷信息还原（七选五）考点题量统计
命题意图：
一是考查学生的阅读理解能力：七选五题型要求学生在阅读文章的过程中，理解文章的主旨大意，把握文章的逻辑结构，从而准确地选择出符合文章逻辑和语义的句子填入空白处。
二是考查学生的逻辑思维能力：七选五题型要求学生在阅读过程中，运用逻辑思维分析文章的结构和内容，从而推断出正确的句子顺序。
三是考查学生的语言运用能力：七选五题型中的句子往往包含一定的词汇和语法难度，学生需要具备一定的词汇量和语法知识才能正确理解和选择句子。
四是考查学生的答题技巧策略：七选五题型要求学生在有限的时间内，快速地阅读文章，理解文章的主旨大意和逻辑结构，从而准确地选择出符合文章逻辑和语义的句子
II.解题技巧
七选五解题流程与逻辑关系词梳理
步骤1：快速浏览标题、首段以及每段首、尾句
目的：了解文章主旨、段落大意和篇章结构
步骤2：分析选项、找出核心词
快速浏览选项
圈出体现上下文逻辑关系的关键词及句子中的关键词：代词、连词、数词、名词等
步骤3：根据设空处的位置采用不同的技巧
观察设空处的位置
比对选项和设空处前后的关键词和表示逻辑关系的词
把最容易的题先做出来，再逐一还原每个空格
分位置技巧：
设空处在段首（主题句/过渡句）：
①总结段落主题
②阅读设空处前1—2句和后1—2句，锁定关键词
③比对选项中的核心词和语义是否符合语境或段落主题
设空处在段中（过渡句/细节句）：
①根据设空处前后的核心词、逻辑关系（并列、递进、因果、转折等）及段落主题判断出正确选项
设空处在段尾（细节句/过渡句/总结句）：
①概括段落大意并比对选项
②阅读设空处附近内容，锁定关键词
③比对选项中的核心词和语义是否符合语境或段落大意
步骤4：验证答案
操作：将选项代入原文，复核还原后的文章在逻辑和内容上是否连贯、一致
表示逻辑关系的词
并列与递进关系：and, als, in the first place, similarly, , furthermre, mrever, what's mre, besides, in additin, nt als...
转折与让步关系：but, hwever, yet, nevertheless, thugh, althugh, despite, in spite f, in any case, at any rate
比较与对比关系：like, , just as, n the cntrary, cnversely, ppsitely, whereas, while
因果关系：because (f), due t, since, wing t, as, nw that, as a result (f), s, therefre, as a cnsequence, cnsequently, thus
例证关系：fr example, fr instance, such as
表示总结：t sum up, in brief, in shrt, in cnclusin, all in all, in a wrd
条件关系：if, unless, as lng as, s lng as, prvided (that), in case, n cnditin that
III. 真题汇编
2025东城期末
While cmpliments (赞扬) may seem simple, they can have a large impact n yu and the peple arund yu, creating a ripple f psitivity. Hwever, giving cmpliments requires skills and knwledge.
Mst cmpliments in ur culture fllw a very predictable pattern. ___35___ Abut tw-thirds f cmpliments in the US are made using just five adjectives: nice gd, beautiful, pretty, and great. In additin, abut 80% f cmpliments fllw three frmats. S if I liked a bk yu wrte and wanted t say smething psitive abut it, my cmpliment wuld prbably fllw ne f these basic patterns: “Yur bk is great,” “I lve yur bk,” r “That is a terrific bk.”
___36___ . Fr example, in 2011 a schlar shwed that wmen in unstructured settings bth give and receive far mre cmpliments than men. Abut three-quarters f wmen’s cmpliments t ther wmen in an unstructured, infrmal setting invlve appearance. In a gal-riented, frmal setting, 68% f praise statements are abut perfrmance. ___37___
Whether the cmpliment is effective depends n whether it is believable, apprpriate, and unqualified. ___38___ If yu tell me my hair lks gd, I will dismiss it and suspect yur mtives, because I have little hair. Mre generally, peple with lw self-esteem dn’t usually receive cmpliments well. As researchers have shwn, in peple with high self-esteem, a cmpliment stimulates parts f the brain respnsible fr self-referential thinking. This ccurs significantly less fr peple wh have lw self-esteem.
Even if a cmpliment agrees with ne’s self-cnceptin, schlars cncluded, it must meet three criteria t be accepted by its bject. ___39___ It must be sincere. And it must ccur in the apprpriate cntext.
A. It must fllw the basic patterns.
B. The praise must cme frm a persn with credibility t give it.
C. What we chse t cmpliment depends n gender differences.
D. A gd cmpliment must nt cnflict with its recipient’s self-cnceptin.
E. If peple have negative view f a persn, they wuld resist his cmpliments.
F. In cntrast, men are mre likely t cmpliment ne anther n perfrmance in all settings.
G. They are generally directed tward anther persn’s appearance, perfrmance, r pssessins.
【答案】35. G 36. C 37. F 38. D 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赞美虽然看似简单，但对人和周围的人都有很大的影响，能激起一连串积极的反应，同时指出赞美也需要技巧和知识。
【35题详解】
上文“Mst cmpliments in ur culture fllw a very predictable pattern.(在我们文化中，大多数的赞美都遵循一种非常可预测的模式)”说明大多数赞美都有固定模式。G选项“They are generally directed tward anther persn’s appearance, perfrmance, r pssessins.(它们通常针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产)”承接上文，具体说明这种固定模式是什么，即“针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产”进行赞美。故选G项。
【36题详解】
下文“Fr example, in 2011 a schlar shwed that wmen in unstructured settings bth give and receive far mre cmpliments than men.(例如，2011年，一位学者发现，在非结构化的环境中，女性给予和接受的赞美远比男性多)”通过举例说明了男性和女性在给予和接受赞美上的差异。C选项“What we chse t cmpliment depends n gender differences.(我们选择赞美什么取决于性别差异)”引出下文，说明选择赞美的内容与性别差异有关。故选C项。
【37题详解】
上文“Abut three-quarters f wmen’s cmpliments t ther wmen in an unstructured, infrmal setting invlve appearance. In a gal-riented, frmal setting, 68% f praise statements are abut perfrmance.(在非结构化、非正式的环境中，女性对其他女性的赞美中，约有四分之三与外表有关。在目标导向的正式场合中，68%的赞美陈述是关于表现的)”分别说明了女性在不同场合下赞美的内容倾向。F选项“In cntrast, men are mre likely t cmpliment ne anther n perfrmance in all settings.(相比之下，男性在所有场合下都更有可能对彼此的表现表示赞美)”与上文形成对比，说明了男性在赞美内容上的倾向。故选F项。
【38题详解】
下文“If yu tell me my hair lks gd, I will dismiss it and suspect yur mtives, because I have little hair.(如果你告诉我我的头发看起来很好，我会不屑一顾，并怀疑你的动机，因为我头发很少)”通过举例说明了赞美需要与被赞美者的自我认知相符，否则会被怀疑动机。D选项“A gd cmpliment must nt cnflict with its recipient’s self-cnceptin.(一个好的赞美必须不与其接受者的自我认知相冲突)”引出下文，说明了有效赞美的一个重要条件是必须与被赞美者的自我认知相符。故选D项。
【39题详解】
上文“Even if a cmpliment agrees with ne’s self-cnceptin, schlars cncluded, it must meet three criteria t be accepted by its bject.(学者们得出结论，即使赞美与一个人的自我认知相符，它也必须满足三个标准才能被其对象所接受)”说明了一个好的赞美需要满足三个标准。下文“It must be sincere. And it must ccur in the apprpriate cntext.(它必须是真诚的。而且它必须在适当的情境下发生)”列出了其中的两个标准。B选项“The praise must cme frm a persn with credibility t give it.(赞美必须来自一个有可信度的人)”承上启下，列出了满足条件的第三个标准，即赞美必须来自一个有可信度的人。故选B项。
2025西城期末
What fd d yu lve? What fd d yu hate? If yu ask arund, yu’ll sn see there’s n right r wrng answer—it’s all a questin f taste. ____35____ Rather, scientists have discvered that taste is influenced by ur genes and DNA.
Our scientific understanding f taste began just 25 years ag with the discvery f taste receptrs—cells lcated n the tngue’s surface. ____36____ What tastes sweet t me might taste sur r salty t smene else, and this is because f differences in the receptrs we’re brn with. In ther wrds, taste is partly genetic.
Accrding t Danielle Reed, a researcher at the Mnell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, “When we first started ding genetic studies, we really just limited urselves t lking at a few Eurpeans, peple f Eurpean ancestry. ____37____ We are bradening ur hrizns and studying peple f Asian and African ancestry, and that has really pened up the knwledge that peple are much mre diverse than we ever realized. Taste isn’t a matter f pinin. ____38____”
But if scientists are telling us taste is largely genetic, what abut restaurant critics and wine cnnisseurs—peple whse jb is t tell us what t eat and drink? Are their pinins any better than ur wn? David Kermde, a wine judge fr the Internatinal Wine and Spirits Cmpetitin, admits that while scientists have shwn taste is largely individual and genetic, persnal taste remains subjective. “____39____ But they are encuraged t set thse prejudices aside.”
A. It’s a matter f bilgy.
B. It is actually the number-ne driver fr fd chice.
C. Hwever, individual taste experience is highly subjective.
D. But ur taste, it turns ut, isn’t simply a matter f pinin.
E. Peple all have their wn persnal prejudices in whatever aspect f life they want t g int.
F. And s, ur understanding f the brad diversity f humans n the planet was extremely limited.
G. Fr researchers in scial sciences, taste is a brader cncept related t traditin, gegraphy, culture, as well as scial relatins.
【答案】35. D 36. C 37. F 38. A 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是口味的个体差异及其影响因素。
【35题详解】
空前“If yu ask arund, yu’ll sn see there’s n right r wrng answer—it’s all a questin f taste.(如果你问问周围的人，你很快就会发现，这个问题没有绝对的对错——这完全取决于个人的口味。)”说明了喜欢或讨厌什么食物完全取决于个人的口味，空后“Rather, scientists have discvered that taste is influenced by ur genes and DNA.(相反，科学家已经发现，我们的基因和DNA会影响我们的口味。)”说明的是科学家已经发现，我们的基因和DNA会影响我们的口味，因此空格处要引起转折，D选项“But ur taste, it turns ut, isn’t simply a matter f pinin.(但事实证明，我们的口味并不是一个简单的观点问题。)”中的But表转折，说明口味并不是一个观点问题，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
【36题详解】
空后“What tastes sweet t me might taste sur r salty t smene else, and this is because f differences in the receptrs we’re brn with.(对我来说是甜的东西，对别人来说可能是酸的或咸的，这是因为我们天生的受体不同。)”说明同一种东西不同人的感觉是不同的，说明这很主观，C选项“Hwever, individual taste experience is highly subjective.(然而，个人的味觉体验是高度主观的。)”说明味觉是主观的，引起下文，符合语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
空前“When we first started ding genetic studies, we really just limited urselves t lking at a few Eurpeans, peple f Eurpean ancestry.(当我们刚开始进行遗传学研究时，我们真的只局限于研究少数欧洲人，即有欧洲血统的人。)”说明了刚开始我们进行遗传学研究时只局限于研究少数欧洲人，空格处应该说这么做会导致什么结果，F选项“And s, ur understanding f the brad diversity f humans n the planet was extremely limited.(因此，我们对地球上人类多样性的了解是非常有限的。)”说明了我们只研究少数欧洲人所导致的结果，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
空前“Taste isn’t a matter f pinin.(口味不是主观臆断的问题。)”说明了口味不是主观臆断，空格处应该说口味是什么，A选项“It’s a matter f bilgy.(这是生物学的问题。)”中的it指代的是前面的Taste，说明了口味是生物学的问题，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
【39题详解】
空前“David Kermde, a wine judge fr the Internatinal Wine and Spirits Cmpetitin, admits that while scientists have shwn taste is largely individual and genetic, persnal taste remains subjective.(Internatinal Wine and Spirits Cmpetitin的葡萄酒评委David Kermde承认，尽管科学家们已经证明，口味在很大程度上是个体和遗传的，但个人品味仍然是主观的。)”说明了个人品味是主观的，空格处应该说这主要体现在哪里，E选项“Peple all have their wn persnal prejudices in whatever aspect f life they want t g int.(人们在生活想要涉足的任何一个方面都会带有自己的个人偏见。)”说的是主观性的具体体现，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
2025朝阳期末
Are yu struggling with lw self-esteem (自尊)? If s, yu may have been tld t repeat phrases such as “I’m a lvable persn”. ___35___ Hwever, when psychlgists tested the effects f such psitive self-talk, they fund “txic psitivity” — the phenmenn that a frced ptimistic interpretatin f ur experiences alngside the bttling up f negative emtins can d real damage.
___36___ Beginning in the industrial revlutin, sciecnmic gals arund prductivity and efficiency cntributed t a culture where emtins, especially paralyzing nes like sadness, were seen as handbrakes t ecnmic utput. If smene was struggling, they were advised t have mre faith rather than encuraged t explre the rt causes. Science als takes sme blame. Histrically, psychlgists didn’t cnsider emtins as justified phenmena t study, s there was little understanding f their significant impact n mental health.
It isn’t surprising that we want t believe things will turn ut better if we have psitive attitude. After all, there is a grwing bdy f research indicating that an ptimistic utlk n life des have benefits, such as prmting physical health, bsting energy, and reducing stress. It als isn’t surprising that we label certain emtins, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they d feel unpleasant. ___37___
Nevertheless, it is becming apparent that psitivity has its limits. In 2021, a meta-analysis with mre than 217, 000 participants investigated the link between ptimism, pessimism and mrtality. It fund that an ptimistic utlk was indeed assciated with the lwer risk f death, hwever, bth unrealistic ptimism and pessimism were linked t a higher risk f death. ___38___
Hw can we escape txic psitivity? Susan Davis frm Harvard Medical Schl emphasizes the imprtance f allwing urselves t sit with uncmfrtable emtins. ___39___ The key t managing emtins des nt lie in judging neself fr feeling negative emtins, but simply experiencing them, knwing that they will pass.
A. We need t accept them as a nrmal part f human experience.
B. Our tendency t avid the darker aspects f human experience isn’t new.
C. When we experience them, we can becme cnsumed, disturbed r inactive.
D. Neglecting negative emtins is als fund t be harmful t ur mental health.
E. They urge us t inject a bit f psitive emtin int ur day t gain the benefits.
F Psitive chants like this are set t bst a persn’s md and feelings f self-wrth.
G. We are mre likely t perceive nrmal emtins as mental prblems needing treatment.
【答案】35 F 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了消极情绪给人带来的影响以及应该如何应对消极情绪。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Are yu struggling with lw self-esteem (自尊)? If s, yu may have been tld t repeat phrases such as “I’m a lvable persn”.(你是否在与自卑作斗争？如果是这样，你可能被告知要重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语)”以及后文“Hwever, when psychlgists tested the effects f such psitive self-talk, they fund “txic psitivity” — the phenmenn that a frced ptimistic interpretatin f ur experiences alngside the bttling up f negative emtins can d real damage.(然而，当心理学家测试这种积极的自言自语的效果时，他们发现了“有毒的积极”——一种强迫乐观地解释我们的经历，同时压抑消极情绪的现象，会造成真正的伤害)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，推测本句主要解释上文“重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语”这类语言的作用，F选项中Psitive chants like this对应上文repeat phrases。故F选项“像这样的积极的重复话语是用来提升一个人的情绪和自我价值感的”符合语境，故选F。
【36题详解】
根据本段内容“Beginning in the industrial revlutin, sciecnmic gals arund prductivity and efficiency cntributed t a culture where emtins, especially paralyzing nes like sadness, were seen as handbrakes t ecnmic utput. If smene was struggling, they were advised t have mre faith rather than encuraged t explre the rt causes. Science als takes sme blame. Histrically, psychlgists didn’t cnsider emtins as justified phenmena t study, s there was little understanding f their significant impact n mental health.(从工业革命开始，围绕生产力和效率的社会经济目标促成了一种文化，在这种文化中，情绪，尤其是像悲伤这样的麻痹性情绪，被视为经济产出的手闸。如果有人正在挣扎，他们会被建议要有更多的信心，而不是被鼓励去探索根本原因。科学也要承担一些责任。从历史上看，心理学家并不认为情绪是一种合理的研究现象，因此人们对情绪对心理健康的重大影响知之甚少)”可知，本段主要介绍了人类回避消极情绪的历史起源，故B选项“我们回避人类经历阴暗面的倾向并不新鲜”符合语境，故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“It als isn’t surprising that we label certain emtins, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they d feel unpleasant.(我们把某些情绪，如愤怒、内疚、恐惧和痛苦，贴上不好的标签，因为它们确实让人感到不愉快，这也不足为奇)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，上文提到了一些消极的情绪，推测本句承接上文，说明这些情绪所带来的影响，C选项中them对应上文certain emtins。故C选项“当我们经历它们的时候，我们会变得疲惫、不安或不活跃”符合语境，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据上文“It fund that an ptimistic utlk was indeed assciated with the lwer risk f death, hwever, bth unrealistic ptimism and pessimism were linked t a higher risk f death. (研究发现，乐观的前景确实与较低的死亡风险有关，然而，不切实际的乐观和悲观都与较高的死亡风险有关)”可知，本句是对上文研究发现的补充说明，说明关于负面情绪的发现，D选项中als fund对应上文fund。故D选项“忽视负面情绪也被发现对我们的心理健康有害”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Hw can we escape txic psitivity? Susan Davis frm Harvard Medical Schl emphasizes the imprtance f allwing urselves t sit with uncmfrtable emtins.(我们怎样才能摆脱有害的积极情绪呢？哈佛医学院的苏珊·戴维斯强调了让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性)”以及后文“The key t managing emtins des nt lie in judging neself fr feeling negative emtins, but simply experiencing them, knwing that they will pass. (管理情绪的关键不在于判断自己是否有负面情绪，而在于体验它们，知道它们会过去)”可知，上文提到让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性，后文提到了管理方法，可知需要先接受不舒服的情绪，然后进行情绪管理。故A选项“我们需要接受它们是人类经历的正常组成部分”符合语境，故选A。
2025海淀期末
Imagine yu’ve been wrking fr hurs befre a deadline, but yu feel like yu’re getting nwhere. Yu’re starting t feel really anxius. At this pint, yu might start t blame yurself fr having this emtin. Nw yu have tw emtins: feeling anxius abut getting wrk dne and feeling frustrated that yu are anxius. When the secnd emtin gets layered n tp f the first emtin, yu ften feel wrse and are even less likely t reach yur gals. Yu may nw be wndering if it is pssible t make the secnd emtin less likely. ____35____.
Many peple have heard f “mindfulness”. It is ften assciated with ding a meditatin (冥想) practice, but its essence is t be mre aware and accepting f yur present-mment experience. ____36____ Acceptance can limit judgmental thughts and unhelpful secndary emtins.
Let me explain. Picture yurself in a challenging situatin like the scenari described abve and yu feel anxiety arising. Instead f getting upset at yurself fr having this emtin, yu bring yur awareness t the experience f the emtin and accept it. Yu might feel that this anxiety is nt fun t experience. ____37____ With this attitude f acceptance, and stepping away frm the tendency t fight against the emtin, yu are less likely t get stuck in a lp f judgmental thughts that might trigger mre unwanted emtins.
____38____ But evidence suggests that it wrks. That is prbably because accepting yurselves, including yur emtins, relieves pressure. Yu stp adding fuel t the emtinal fire when yu release judgmental thughts abut yur emtins. ____39____ Fr instance, yu culd turn dwn the vlume n the initial emtin, perhaps by seeing the situatin frm a new perspective r asking smene fr supprt.
A. Thankfully, research suggests that the answer is yes.
B. Yu can’t be prductive even when yu have mre inner space.
C. Then yu may questin if yu are feeling anxius abut getting wrk dne.
D Yet yu knw yu can breathe it thrugh and that it is just a passing emtin.
E. Smetimes the experience includes an unpleasant emtin yu dn’t want t feel.
F. It might sund unreasnable that embracing an unpleasant emtin can be a gd thing.
G. Yu als create mre inner space t determine whether yu can d smething that helps.
【答案】35. A 36. E 37. D 38. F 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何减少焦虑感。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Imagine yu’ve been wrking fr hurs befre a deadline, but yu feel like yu’re getting nwhere. Yu’re starting t feel really anxius. At this pint, yu might start t blame yurself fr having this emtin. Nw yu have tw emtins: feeling anxius abut getting wrk dne and feeling frustrated that yu are anxius. When the secnd emtin gets layered n tp f the first emtin, yu ften feel wrse and are even less likely t reach yur gals. Yu may nw be wndering if it is pssible t make the secnd emtin less likely.(想象一下，在截止日期前，你已经工作了好几个小时，但你感觉毫无进展。你开始感到非常焦虑。在这一点上，你可能会开始责怪自己有这种情绪。现在你有两种情绪：对完成工作感到焦虑，对自己的焦虑感到沮丧。当第二种情绪叠加在第一种情绪之上时，你通常会感觉更糟，甚至更不可能实现你的目标。你现在可能想知道是否有可能降低第二种情绪的可能性)”可知，上文提到“想知道是否有可能降低第二种情绪的可能性”，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明这一疑问的答案。故A选项“值得庆幸的是，研究表明答案是肯定的”符合语境，故选A。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Many peple have heard f “mindfulness”. It is ften assciated with ding a meditatin (冥想) practice, but its essence is t be mre aware and accepting f yur present-mment experience.(很多人都听说过“正念”。它经常与冥想练习联系在一起，但它的本质是更加意识到并接受你现在的经历)”可知，上文提到接受你现在的经历，本句承接上文，对经历进行进一步解释说明。故E选项“有时这种经历包含了一种你不想感受到的不愉快情绪”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Let me explain. Picture yurself in a challenging situatin like the scenari described abve and yu feel anxiety arising. Instead f getting upset at yurself fr having this emtin, yu bring yur awareness t the experience f the emtin and accept it. Yu might feel that this anxiety is nt fun t experience.(让我解释一下。想象你自己处于如上所述的具有挑战性的情境中，你会感到焦虑。不要因为自己有这种情绪而感到沮丧，而是把你的意识带到这种情绪的体验中并接受它。你可能会觉得这种焦虑并不有趣)”以及后文“With this attitude f acceptance, and stepping away frm the tendency t fight against the emtin, yu are less likely t get stuck in a lp f judgmental thughts that might trigger mre unwanted emtins.(有了这种接受的态度，远离与情绪作斗争的倾向，你就不太可能陷入评判思想的循环中，这可能会引发更多不想要的情绪)”可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，上文提到了焦虑，后文提到接受的态度，推测本句说明如何应对焦虑情绪。故D选项“但是你知道你可以把它呼吸出去，它只是一种转瞬即逝的情绪”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据后文“But evidence suggests that it wrks. That is prbably because accepting yurselves, including yur emtins, relieves pressure.(但证据表明，它是有效的。这可能是因为接受你自己，包括你的情绪，可以减轻压力。)”可知，后文与本句构成转折关系，后文提到了有效，本句是在说明接纳情绪的消极方面。故F选项“拥抱一种不愉快的情绪可能是一件好事，这听起来可能不合理”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Yu stp adding fuel t the emtinal fire when yu release judgmental thughts abut yur emtins.(当你释放出对自己情绪的评判性想法时，你就停止了给情绪火上浇油)”可知，本句承接上文，进一步说明停止批判自己所带来的好处。故G选项“你也创造了更多的内心空间来决定你是否可以做一些有帮助的事情”符合语境，故选G。
2025丰台期末
Hesitatin as intuitin (直觉)
Yu’ve thught abut it. Yu’ve made yur decisin and then.….yu hesitate. Yur muse hvers ver the “purchase nw” buttn, yu’ve written the text but can’t quite bring yurself t press “send”. Yu hesitate. ____35____
Our culture values ding. We’re cnstantly urged t “g fr it.” But what if hesitatin is nt a sign f weakness but rather a valuable signal? ____36____ But we dn’t always make it a practice t listen t ur bdies. When we d pay attentin, we have access t a lt f nnratinal infrmatin including ur intuitin. If yu ntice yurself hesitating, it might mean a part f yu isn’t quite sure. Hesitatin can be the bdy’s way f alerting us t verlked details r cncealed infrmatin that culd be crucial t ur chice.
Since hesitatin can carry such significance, it becmes essential t understand the nature f the signals ur bdies send. Althugh distinguishing between intuitin and fear r anxiety is nt easy, when we cultivate the habit f self-awareness and understand ur fears, we can begin t decipher (辨认) the messages behind ur hesitatin. Mrever, ur ratinal minds have their limitatins. ____37____ Therefre, by integrating ur emtins and physical sensatins int the decisin-making prcess, we access a mre cmprehensive understanding.
T make mre infrmed decisins, we can emply specific strategies. One way that we can help urselves with a specific decisin is t ntice when there’s hesitatin and, if yu have the time, wait. ____38____ Anther interesting way t lk at making a decisin is t walk up t the dr f it. Take actin as if yu had already made the decisin. And befre it’s t late, ntice hw it feels t walk that path. That may give yu mre infrmatin than thinking ever culd.
____39____ By integrating bth ratinal and intuitive elements, we can handle the cmplex chices with greater cnfidence and clarity.
A. It’s easy t miss intuitive signals when we are mving frm thinking minds.
B They wrk within fixed framewrks that might nt match the cmplex reality.
C. While ur minds are undubtedly pwerful, ur bdies als hld a wealth f wisdm.
D. In nature, the key t effective decisin-making lies in seeing hesitatin as a help.
E. Check back in with the decisin yu thught yu made and see if anything differs.
F. Hesitatin means yur intuitin is trying t speak t yu frm deep inner place.
G. This hesitatin is cmmn yet ften verlked in ur decisin-making prcess.
【答案】35. G 36. C 37. B 38. E 39. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了犹豫的重要意义以及做出更明智的决定，我们可以采用具体的策略。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Yur muse hvers ver the “purchase nw” buttn, yu’ve written the text but can’t quite bring yurself t press “send”. Yu hesitate.(你的鼠标悬停在“立即购买”按钮上，你已经写好了文字，但无法让自己按下“发送”。你犹豫)”可知，选项承接上文说明这种现象的普遍性和被忽视性。故G选项“这种犹豫很常见，但在我们做决定的过程中却经常被忽视”切题。故选G项。
【36题详解】
根据下文“But we dn’t always make it a practice t listen t ur bdies. When we d pay attentin, we have access t a lt f nnratinal infrmatin including ur intuitin. (但是我们并没有经常去倾听我们身体的声音。当我们集中注意力的时候，我们可以接触到很多非理性的信息，包括我们的直觉)”可知，选项承接下文说明我们的身体中藏着巨大的智慧。故C选项“虽然我们的思想无疑是强大的，但我们的身体也拥有丰富的智慧”切题。a wealth f wisdm呼应a lt f nnratinal infrmatin。故选C项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Mrever, ur ratinal minds have their limitatins.(此外，我们的理性思维也有其局限性)”可知，选项承接上文具体说明局限性的内容。故B选项“它们在固定的框架内工作，可能与复杂的现实不匹配”切题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“One way that we can help urselves with a specific decisin is t ntice when there’s hesitatin and, if yu have the time, wait.(我们可以帮助自己做出具体决定的一种方法是注意到犹豫的时候，如果你有时间，等待)”可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续说明犹豫的时候该做的事情。故E选项“回顾一下你认为自己做出的决定，看看是否有什么不同”切题。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据下文“By integrating bth ratinal and intuitive elements, we can handle the cmplex chices with greater cnfidence and clarity.(通过整合理性和直觉的元素，我们可以更有信心和更清晰地处理复杂的选择)”可知，选项在总结全文强调了犹豫在决策中的重要作用且这种作用能够帮助我们处理复杂的选择。故D选项“从本质上讲，有效决策的关键在于将犹豫视为一种帮助”切题。故选D项。
2025石景山期末
Time r Mney?
Wuld yu rather have a higher salary r the freedm t wrk frm anywhere in the wrld? Accrding t a survey, seven ut f ten surveyed readers wuld cnsider accepting a lwer salary fr mre perks (额外收入) and benefits — ne in ten wuld definitely d s. ____35____.
Fr tday’s wrkfrce, especially Gen Zs and millennials (千禧一代), perks extend far beynd the traditinal benefits package. They are putting a lt f fcus n wrk-life balance, career advancement, and the cmpany’s culture and values. Amng all, a flexible wrk arrangement tps the list f thse values. ____36____. The ability t cntrl when and where they wrk nt nly bsts prductivity but als helps prevent burnut. This shift enfrces cmpanies t demnstrate that they value utcmes and results ver rigid schedules. In return, emplyees feel trusted, valued, and empwered, perfrming at their best when given the flexibility t balance their persnal and prfessinal lives.
____37____. Fr wmen, especially wrking mthers, unclear bundaries between hme and wrk can make them feel like they are always wrking, which increases the risk f burnut. Mrever, remte wrk can intensify (增强) the challenges assciated with career advancement, as fewer in-persn interactins can lead t being verlked r sidelined. ____38____. This belief culd negatively affect their chances fr prmtins and leadership pprtunities.
Lking ahead, flexible wrk arrangements are here t stay and will likely cntinue t evlve. ____39____. Organizatins shuld ensure equitable pprtunities cnsistent with flexible wrk mdels, such as ffering persnalized arrangements instead f ne-size-fits-all slutins.
A. This is where cmpany plicies can play a crucial rle.
B. Emplyers invest a lt in creating attractive wrk envirnments.
C. It prvides the independence and freedm yunger emplyees seek.
D. While flexible wrk arrangements ffer benefits, they als have drawbacks.
E. Flexibility and wrk-life balance nw utweigh financial rewards fr many.
F. But what are these perks and hw are cmpanies adapting t meet these expectatins?
G. Furthermre, thse wh prefer flexibility are ften seen as less cmmitted t their careers.
【答案】35. E 36. C 37. D 38. G 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项调查表明大部分人喜欢灵活的工作，文章主要介绍了灵活工作安排的优缺点。
【35题详解】
上文“Wuld yu rather have a higher salary r the freedm t wrk frm anywhere in the wrld? Accrding t a survey, seven ut f ten surveyed readers wuld cnsider accepting a lwer salary fr mre perks (额外收入) and benefits — ne in ten wuld definitely d s.(你更愿意拥有高工资，还是自由地在世界任何地方工作？根据一项调查，十名读者中有七人会考虑为了更多的额外收入和津贴接受较低的工资——十分之一的人肯定会这样做。)”指出，一项调查表明大部分人喜欢灵活的工作，这说明大部分人认为灵活工作与工作生活之间的平衡比金钱更重要，E项“灵活性和工作与生活的平衡现在对许多人来说比金钱回报更重要。”符合语境，对上文调查进行了总结，故选E。
【36题详解】
上文“Fr tday’s wrkfrce, especially Gen Zs and millennials (千禧一代), perks extend far beynd the traditinal benefits package. They are putting a lt f fcus n wrk-life balance, career advancement, and the cmpany’s culture and values. Amng all, a flexible wrk arrangement tps the list f thse values. (对于当今的劳动力，尤其是Z世代和千禧一代来说，福利远远超出了传统的福利包。他们非常注重工作与生活的平衡，职业晋升以及公司的文化和价值观。在所有这些价值中，灵活的工作安排排在首位。)”可知，如今人们更加注重工作的灵活性，空处承接上文，指出人们注重工作灵活性的原因，即工作灵活性的好处，C项“它提供了年轻员工寻求的独立性和自由。”符合语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
下文“Fr wmen, especially wrking mthers, unclear bundaries between hme and wrk can make them feel like they are always wrking, which increases the risk f burnut. Mrever, remte wrk can intensify (增强) the challenges assciated with career advancement, as fewer in-persn interactins can lead t being verlked r sidelined. (对于女性，尤其是职业母亲来说，家庭和工作之间界限不清会令她们感觉一直在工作，从而增加了职业倦怠的风险。此外远程办公还会增强职业晋升的挑战，因为减少的面对面互动可能会导致她们被忽视或边缘化。)”主要介绍了灵活工作的缺点，D项“虽然灵活的工作安排提供了好处，但它们也有缺点。”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
上文“Fr wmen, especially wrking mthers, unclear bundaries between hme and wrk can make them feel like they are always wrking, which increases the risk f burnut. Mrever, remte wrk can intensify (增强) the challenges assciated with career advancement, as fewer in-persn interactins can lead t being verlked r sidelined. (对于女性，尤其是职业母亲来说，家庭和工作之间界限不清会令她们感觉一直在工作，从而增加了职业倦怠的风险。此外远程办公还会加剧职业晋升的挑战，因为减少的面对面互动可能会导致她们被忽视或边缘化。)”主要介绍了灵活工作安排的两个缺点，空处也应是介绍其缺点，G项“此外，那些喜欢灵活性的人通常被视为对自己的职业不太承诺。”符合语境，为下文“This belief culd negatively affect their chances fr prmtins and leadership pprtunities.(这种信念可能会对他们获得晋升和领导机会的机会产生负面影响。)”中this belief所指，故选G。
【39题详解】
上文“Lking ahead, flexible wrk arrangements are here t stay and will likely cntinue t evlve.(展望未来，灵活的工作安排将会持续存在，并且可能会继续演变。)”指出灵活的工作安排将会持续存在，并且可能会继续演变，空处承接上文，指出灵活的工作存在的必要，A项“这是公司政策可以发挥关键作用的地方。”符合语境，故选A。
2025东城一模
Vice ntes are a highly divisive medium f cmmunicatin. There are thse, like me, wh enjy bth leaving and listening t them; and then there are thse wh dislike them and feel very strngly abut that. 35 A pll fund that 62%f Americans have sent vice ntes, and abut 30%cmmunicate this way n a regular basis. But even the vice nte lvers amng us have ur limits. All f us knw a vice nte bre. And it is time t establish sme grund rules.
The first rule :nly ever leave vice ntes fr smene that yu are cnfident likes yu. 36 It is als smewhat self-indulgent(我行我素). While a spt f self-indulgence can be healthy, it is unreasnable t expect smene wh dislikes yu t indulge yu.
Never give cmplicated instructins in a vice nte. 37 If yu end up leaving a lng vice nte that cntains a mixture f key infrmatin and ther bits, fllw it up with a text that gives the ther persn the imprtant stuff, s they're nt frced t listen straight away.
38 Leaving a vice nte that is under 10 secnds lng—unless yu are funny r the ther persn likes yu—is annying. Type it ut instead.
Fllw the ther persn's cues. If they are respnding t yur eight-minute specials with ne-minute vice messages, take the hint. Als, if yur message is lnger than abut fur minutes, yu shuld be pen t the pssibility that the ther persn is ging t take a lng time t listen and respnd. If yur message is upwards f 10 minutes, they might never listen t it. 39
All yu need d, really, is remember t use a bit f cmmn sense. Mdern innvatins need nt negate gd ld-fashined manners.
A. Be at peace with that.
B. Be respnsive and infrmative.
C. Yu need nt keep yur messages t shrt.
D. It seems the haters are lsing the battle, thugh.
E. A vice nte is a demand n smene else's time.
F. It suggests limiting vice ntes t less than tw minutes.
G. These shuld be typed ut s the ther persn can refer back.
【答案】35. D 36. E 37. G 38. C 39. A
文章主旨
语音消息是争议性沟通方式，虽使用广泛（62%美国人发过），但需遵守核心规则：只发给喜欢自己的人、不发复杂指令、控制时长、关注对方反馈，避免冒犯他人。
逐空解析
35. 前文核心是“语音消息有支持者和强烈反对者”，后文核心是“62%美国人发过，30%经常使用”。选项D“不过，反对者似乎在这场争论中处于下风”，用“thugh”转折，承接前文“争议性”，引出后文“使用广泛”的现状，逻辑连贯，答案为D。
36. 前文规则1“只给你确定喜欢自己的人发语音消息”，后文“这也有点我行我素”。选项E“语音消息是对他人时间的占用”，解释了“为何不能给不喜欢自己的人发”——占用时间且我行我素，衔接规则与后文评价，合理自然，答案为E。
37. 前文规则2“不要在语音消息中发复杂指令”，后文“如果发了包含关键信息的长语音，需补文字提炼重点”。选项G“这些（复杂指令）应该打字，方便对方查阅”，“these”指代“复杂指令”，直接回应规则，与后文“补文字”形成呼应，答案为G。
38. 后文核心是“少于10秒的语音（除非有趣或对方喜欢你）很烦人，建议打字”，需填入引导“时长不宜过短”的句子。选项C“你不必把消息弄得太短”，引出后文“太短反而烦人”的观点，形成对比衔接，答案为C。
39. 前文核心是“10分钟以上的语音可能没人听”，需填入接纳该现实的态度句。选项A“接受这个事实就好”，承接前文“可能没人听”的可能性，态度平和且逻辑闭环，答案为A。
2025西城一模
Live perfrmances are ften described as raw, emtinal, and immersive, while studi recrdings are plished and carefully prduced. 35
One f the mst ntable differences with live music is the energy. A live perfrmance brings an atmsphere that cannt be recreated in a studi. When musicians perfrm live, they cnnect directly with their audience. The cheers, clapping, and excitement frm the crwd create a feedback lp (循环) that can enhance the perfrmance. This shared energy makes each live cncert unique and persnal fr everyne there. EQ \L( 36 ) Whether it’s a small, intimate venue r a massive stadium, the space influences hw yu experience the music. Live music is mre than just smething yu hear; it’s smething yu feel.
Anther key aspect f live music is its unpredictability. N tw perfrmances are ever the same. Musicians might imprvise (即兴演奏), change the arrangement f a sng, r even interact with the audience in ways that feel spntaneus and genuine. EQ \L( 37 ) In a live setting, imperfectins can make the music feel mre real. A slight mistake r an unexpected variatin in a sng reminds yu that what yu’re witnessing is unique. It’s a reminder that music isn’t just abut technical perfectin—it’s abut emtin and expressin.
Live music creates a special kind f cnnectin between perfrmers and listeners. Seeing musicians perfrm in real time allws yu t witness their passin and energy firsthand. 38 Fr many peple, live music is abut mre than just the sngs. It’s abut being part f a shared experience, which can make the music feel mre pwerful and memrable.
39 While recrdings ffer a plished, cnsistent way t enjy music, live perfrmances bring energy, authenticity (真实性), and emtinal cnnectin. Bth frms f music have their place, and many peple enjy a mix f the tw.
A. Live music and studi recrdings each have their wn strengths.
B. The physical envirnment als plays a significant rle in creating this energy.
C. Studi recrdings ften rely n advanced technlgy t perfect the sund quality.
D. These mments f authenticity add an extra layer f excitement t the experience.
E. This cntrast isn’t just abut hw the music sunds but als abut hw it feels t experience it.
F. This desn’t mean studi recrdings are less valuable—they ffer a different way t enjy music.
G. The physical presence f the artist, their expressins, and hw they interact with the crwd all cntribute t this emtinal cnnectin.
【答案】35. E 36. B 37. D 38. G 39. A
文章主旨
现场表演以能量、不可预测性和情感连接为核心特点，录音室录音则精致统一，两者各有优势，都是音乐欣赏的重要形式。
逐空解析
35. 前文核心是“现场表演（原始、有情感、沉浸式）与录音室录音（精致、精心制作）的对比”，后文聚焦“现场表演的能量优势”。选项E“这种差异不仅关乎音乐的听感，还关乎体验感”，“this cntrast”指代前文两种表演的差异，引出后文“体验感层面的具体差异（能量）”，逻辑连贯，答案为E。
36. 前文核心是“现场表演的能量（观众互动形成反馈循环）”，后文核心是“场地（小场馆/大体育场）影响体验”。选项B“物理环境也在创造这种能量中起重要作用”，衔接前文“能量”与后文“场地”，说明能量的来源不仅有观众，还有物理环境，话题递进，答案为B。
37. 前文核心是“现场表演的不可预测性（即兴、互动、自发）”，后文核心是“不完美让音乐更真实”。选项D“这些真实的瞬间为体验增添了额外的兴奋感”，“these mments f authenticity”指代前文“即兴、互动、不完美”，衔接不可预测性与“真实感”，逻辑紧密，答案为D。
38. 前文核心是“现场表演的情感连接（见证艺术家激情）”，后文核心是“共享体验让音乐更有力”。选项G“艺术家的现场存在感、表情和与观众的互动，都促成了这种情感连接”，“this emtinal cnnectin”指代前文“special kind f cnnectin”，解释情感连接的具体来源，衔接自然，答案为G。
39. 后文核心是“录音室录音精致统一，现场表演有能量和情感连接，两者各有其位”，需填入总结两者优势的句子。选项A“现场音乐和录音室录音各有千秋”，概括后文核心观点，作为段落主旨句，答案为A。
2025朝阳一模
When I think f my friends, I am mstly filled with lve and warmth: I simply can’t wait t see them again fr their affectin and supprt. 35 In the right md, these individuals can deliver a fun-filled evening, but at the wrng mment, they can drain (耗尽) all my gdwill.
If this sunds familiar, then yu t have frenemies, wh psychlgists call “ambivalent relatinships”. These lve-hate relatinships culd include a friend, a parent, a clleague r even a husband r wife. Their ambivalence can cme in many frms. 36 It culd be a partner lve-bmbing yu ne day, but fiercely critical the next, leaving yu unsure abut their true feelings.
37 At the very least, yu wuld expect them t be better fr us than ur aversive (令人厌恶的) relatinships. Unfrtunately, research suggests things aren’t s simple. A team at the University f Utah asked peple t take a reactin-time test and they fund that rapidly flashing the name f an ambivalent cnnectin n a screen intensified stress respnse f participants. Anther study at Brigham Yung University fund that simply knwing an ambivalent cnnectin was nearby as participants prepared t give a speech was enugh t send their bld pressure rcketing. 38
Cutting ties with ur ambivalent cnnectins isn’t always pssible r desirable if they are deeply mixed int ur scial netwrk. S, what can be dne? Simply being aware f the ambivalent nature f a relatinship might ffer sme prtectin. We can manage ur expectatins and mentally prepare urselves fr the mixed feelings when interacting with frenemies. 39 As imprtantly, be a little mre mindful f any interactins with all ur ties. Shw thers the appreciatin and respect we feel fr them, fr accidental neglect culd be taken as a sign f indifference.
A. It might be a friend wh is ften unavailable when yu need his supprt.
B. We might hpe that in such relatinships, the gd wuld utweigh the bad.
C. In fact, even uncnscius reminders f a frenemy can break ur peace f mind.
D. This allws us t fcus n their gd qualities and shw empathy fr the unpleasant nes.
E. If yu feel smene t negative a presence in yur life, yu may decide t cut ff cntact.
F. A handful, hwever, stimulate quite different emtins—a mixture f eagerness and anxiety.
G. After all, the benefits f scial cnnectin cme frm feeling well understd and supprted.
【答案】35. F 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D
文章主旨
“友敌”（矛盾关系）是爱恨交织的人际关系，会引发压力、升高血压等负面影响。若无法断绝，需通过调整期望、保持觉察来应对。
逐空解析
35. 前文核心是“想到朋友大多是温暖和期待”，后文核心是“心情好时有趣，心情不好时耗尽善意”。选项F“然而，有少数人会引发完全不同的情绪——既渴望又焦虑”，用“hwever”转折，承接前文“温暖”，引出后文“矛盾情绪”，逻辑连贯，答案为F。
36. 前文核心是“矛盾关系有多种形式”，后文核心是“伴侣的冷热无常”。选项A“可能是一个你需要支持时总不在的朋友”，与后文“伴侣”并列，举例说明“多种形式”，衔接自然，答案为A。
37. 后文核心是“至少你会期望它们比令人厌恶的关系好”，需填入“对矛盾关系的正面期待”。选项B“我们可能希望在这种关系中，好处多于坏处”，衔接后文“期望更好”，态度一致，答案为B。
38. 前文核心是“两项研究显示，矛盾关系会引发压力、升高血压”，需填入总结研究结果的句子。选项C“事实上，即使无意识地想到友敌，也会打破内心的平静”，递进强调矛盾关系的负面影响（即使无意识也有危害），衔接研究结果，答案为C。
39. 前文核心是“应对方法：意识到关系的矛盾性，管理期望”，需填入该方法的效果。选项D“这让我们能关注他们的优点，对不愉快的地方表示理解”，“this”指代前文“管理期望”，说明具体应对效果，衔接紧密，答案为D。
2025海淀一模
When yu spend time with clse friends, hw d yu feel? Yu may feel like yu belng. Accrding t the Oxfrd dictinary, belnging is defined as a “deep sense f acceptance, inclusin, and identificatin within a grup, place, r cntext.” 35
Since the beginning f human evlutin, peple have cnnected with thers in rder t survive. This desire t frm and grw relatinships is rted in the human brain. 36 In 1943, Abraham Maslw was the first psychlgist t write abut belnging as a human need. His thery, the Hierarchy(等级) f Needs, states that humans must acquire their basic needs, such as physilgical (生理上的) needs and needs related t safety, befre they can begin fulfilling ther higher, mre cmplex needs, like belnging r develping self-esteem.
Anther grundbreaking research abut belnging emerged in 1995.Mark Leary and Ry Baumeister fund that humans have a universal drive t belng, which mtivates their thughts and actins. In fact, this drive is s imprtant that they argued it was a fundamental human need—nt a secndary need in a hierarchy. Their later research explred the cnnectin between self-esteem and belnging. Accrding t their research, self-esteem is nt just abut hw peple feel abut themselves internally. 37
Althugh feeling cnnected t peple is imprtant in many settings, it becmes especially critical in schls.A2020 research analysis fund that students wh d nt feel a sense f belnging at schl are ften searching fr threats in their envirnment that signal whether they are welcme r nt. 38 This, in turn, can cause prer academic perfrmance. It can als discurage students
frm frming deeper relatinships. S, a student's feeling f belnging is vital fr their learning.
39 Researchers will cntinue t analyze hw persnality, culture, and even scial media shape hw cnnected we feel t thers. With this knwledge, peple can create schls and cmmunities where mre peple feel included. That way, we can develp a sciety that is verall healthier, happier, and mre cnnected.
A. They may d things t increase their self-esteem.
B. This stress can use up cgnitive resurces needed fr learning.
C. Belnging is a cmplex thing because it is influenced by many factrs.
D. Over the years, researchers have been explring this subjective feeling.
E. Feeling like yu belng can actually imprve many aspects f yur life.
F. It actually serves as a warning signal that measures hw much peple feel accepted.
G. When yu see yurself well suited t a specific envirnment, yu feel valued and respected.
【答案】35. G 36. D 37. F 38. B 39. C
本文围绕“归属感（belnging）”的定义、人类需求本质、相关研究及现实意义展开，核心解题逻辑是衔接上下文语义、呼应论点与论据的关联，以下是逐题详细解析：
35题：答案G
前文逻辑：牛津词典定义“归属感”为“群体、环境中的接纳、包容与认同”，需衔接对该定义的具象化解释，让“归属感”的感受更具体。
选项匹配：G项“当你觉得自己非常适合某个特定环境时，你会感到被重视和尊重”，直接呼应定义中的“接纳、认同”，将抽象定义转化为直观感受，承接自然。
排除其他：A（提升自尊的行为）、E（归属感的好处）均未承接“定义具象化”的逻辑；C（归属感的复杂性）与前文定义无关。
36题：答案D
前文逻辑：提出“人类渴望建立关系是根植于大脑的本能”，后文紧接着介绍1943年马斯洛、1995年利里和鲍迈斯特的两项核心研究。
选项匹配：D项“多年来，研究者们一直在探索这种主观感受”中的“这种主观感受”指代前文的“归属感”，起到“引出后续研究”的过渡作用，衔接前文的“本能”与后文的具体科研成果。
排除其他：B（压力耗尽认知资源）、F（自尊的预警作用）均是具体研究结论，无法承担过渡功能；G已用于35题，语义重复。
37题：答案F
前文逻辑：利里和鲍迈斯特的研究核心是“自尊与归属感的关联”，且明确“自尊不止是内在自我感受”，需进一步说明自尊与归属感的具体联系。
选项匹配：F项“它实际上是一个预警信号，衡量人们感受到的接纳程度”中，“它”指代前文的“自尊”，直接建立“自尊→反映接纳程度（归属感核心）”的关联，完美呼应研究主题。
排除其他：A（提升自尊的行为）未说明与归属感的关系；E（归属感的好处）偏离“自尊与归属感关联”的论点。
38题：答案B
前文逻辑：无归属感的学生“持续寻找环境中的威胁信号”（如是否被欢迎），后文指出这会“导致学习表现变差”，需填补“寻找威胁信号”到“学习变差”的逻辑缺口。
选项匹配：B项“这种压力会耗尽学习所需的认知资源”中，“这种压力”对应前文“寻找威胁信号”带来的心理负担，“耗尽认知资源”直接解释了为何会“学习表现差”，逻辑链条完整。
排除其他：C（归属感的复杂性）与“学习表现”无关；D已用于36题，语义不衔接。
39题：答案C
后文逻辑：研究者将继续分析“性格、文化、社交媒体”等对归属感的影响，需先提出“归属感受多种因素影响”的核心观点，再展开具体分析。
选项匹配：C项“归属感是复杂的，因为它受很多因素影响”直接点明归属感的复杂性，引出后文的“性格、文化、社交媒体”等具体影响因素，起到总起后文的作用。
排除其他：E（归属感的好处）未涉及“影响因素”；A（提升自尊的行为）与后文研究方向无关。
2025丰台一模
Experts have warned that an bsessin(痴迷) with healthy eating can cause mental health prblems. A survey amng mental health prfessinals fund 90% f thse surveyed, like in previus research, had seen patients with rthrexia nervsa (ON). 35
The survey fund sme patients cut ut fds like fish, meat r dairy, cnsidering them “unclean” . Their fixatin n “pure” fds leads t deficiencies(缺陷) like irn-deficiency anaemia r vitamin B12 deficiency. Fr example, Dr Niket Snpal fund that his patients didn’t cnsume enugh calries, minerals, prtein r carbhydrates. Sme patients even cut ut entire fd grups after the big dinners f hlidays. 36
The term ON was cined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He nticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutritin, anxiety, and even death. 37 It pses a significant challenge. Healthcare prviders may nt be trained t spt the signs easily, and patients might nt be aware their eating habits. As a result, diagnsis and treatment are delayed.
38 Healthcare prviders need t be attentive t identify and deal with ON in patients, prviding supprt such as nutritinal advice, psychlgical aid, and diet-diversity educatin. The public needs t knw the risks f verly strict eating. 39 True well-being cmes frm a healthy relatinship with fd, nt an bsessin with “clean” eating. By taking these steps, we can prevent mental health issues caused by fixating n healthy eating and prmte a culture where fd brings bth nurishment and jy.
A. Despite its risks, ON isn’t fficially recgnised as an eating disrder.
B. Sme nline health cmmunities prvide sme self-treatment methds.
C. ON patients shwed dubled depressin rates cmpared t nn-sufferers.
D. Media and scial platfrms can prmte a mre realistic view f nutritin.
E. Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet shuld nt simply be seen as a surce f restrictin.
F. In light f the findings, the medical cmmunity and the public shuld take a balanced view n healthy eating.
G. Basically, rthrexia is a fixatin n eating nly healthy r pure fds, r what an individual perceives as healthy r pure.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. A 38. F 39. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康饮食痴迷会导致心理健康问题。
【35题详解】
根据上文“A survey amng mental health prfessinals fund 90% f thse surveyed, like in previus research, had seen patients with rthrexia nervsa (ON). (一项针对心理健康专业人士的调查发现，与之前的研究一样，90%的受访者见过神经性厌食症（ON）患者。)”引出了“rthrexia nervsa (ON)”这个概念，G选项“Basically, rthrexia is a fixatin n eating nly healthy r pure fds, r what an individual perceives as healthy r pure. (基本上，正统厌食症就是只吃健康或纯净的食物，或者一个人认为健康或纯净的食物。)”对 “rthrexia”进行了基本的解释，即它是一种只专注于吃健康或纯净食物，或者个人认为健康或纯净的食物的状态，符合上下文语境，起到了承接上文的作用。故选G项。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Fr example, Dr Niket Snpal fund that his patients didn’t cnsume enugh calries, minerals, prtein r carbhydrates. Sme patients even cut ut entire fd grups after the big dinners f hlidays. (例如，尼克特·桑帕尔医生发现他的病人没有摄入足够的卡路里、矿物质、蛋白质或碳水化合物。一些病人甚至在节日大餐后不吃所有的食物。)”描述了患者对“纯净”食物的痴迷导致各种营养缺陷，比如一些患者在假期大餐后甚至会剔除整个食物类别。E选项“Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet shuld nt simply be seen as a surce f restrictin. (因此，专家们警告说，健康的饮食不应该被简单地看作是限制的来源。)”中“Hence”表示因果关系，“experts warned”与前文提到的专家发现的问题相呼应，且该选项指出健康饮食不应仅仅被视为一种限制的来源，是对上文现象的总结和专家的警告，符合语境。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“The term ON was cined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He nticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutritin, anxiety, and even death. (ON这个词是史蒂芬·布拉特曼博士在1997年创造的。他注意到病人的极端饮食会导致营养不良、焦虑甚至死亡。)”说明了“ON”的提出以及其带来的危害，下文提到“It pses a significant challenge. Healthcare prviders may nt be trained t spt the signs easily, and patients might nt be aware their eating habits. (这是一个重大的挑战。医疗保健提供者可能没有接受过容易发现这些迹象的培训，患者可能没有意识到他们的饮食习惯。)”指出它带来的挑战。A选项“Despite its risks, ON isn’t fficially recgnised as an eating disrder. (尽管存在风险，但ON并没有被官方认定为饮食失调。)”中“Despite its risks”承接上文提到的危害，“isn’t fficially recgnised as an eating disrder”引出下文因为未被官方认可所以带来的诊断和治疗方面的挑战，起到了承上启下的作用。故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Healthcare prviders need t be attentive t identify and deal with ON in patients, prviding supprt such as nutritinal advice, psychlgical aid, and diet-diversity educatin. The public needs t knw the risks f verly strict eating. (医疗保健提供者需要注意识别和处理ON患者，提供营养建议、心理援助和饮食多样性教育等支持。公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”分别从医疗保健提供者和公众两个方面阐述了应对措施。F选项“In light f the findings, the medical cmmunity and the public shuld take a balanced view n healthy eating. (鉴于这些发现，医学界和公众应该对健康饮食持平衡的态度。)”中“the medical cmmunity and the public”与下文的“Healthcare prviders”和“The public”相对应，“take a balanced view n healthy eating”引出下文的具体措施，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“The public needs t knw the risks f verly strict eating. (公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”以及下文提到“True well-being cmes frm a healthy relatinship with fd, nt an bsessin with “clean” eating. (真正的健康来自与食物的健康关系，而不是对“纯净”饮食的痴迷。)”，此处应是关于公众了解健康饮食的具体措施。D选项“Media and scial platfrms can prmte a mre realistic view f nutritin. (媒体和社交平台可以促进更现实的营养观。)” 指出媒体和社交平台可以促进对营养更现实的看法，是公众了解健康饮食的一种方式，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
2025石景山一模
The Brain Perceives Unexpected Pain Mre Strngly
Pain perceptin (感知) can vary significantly between individuals and even within the same persn acrss different situatins. In sme cases, an injury r physical illness may lead t strnger pain than expected, while similar injuries at ther times may result in much milder pain. This difference suggests that pain perceptin is nt entirely determined by the physical injury itself. EQ \L( 35 )
EQ \L( 36 ) One is the Estimate Hypthesis (假说), which suggests that the brain estimates the intensity f pain based n predictins it makes abut the injury. The ther is the Surprise Hypthesis, which argues that the brain feels pain as the difference between what it expects and what actually ccurred. This difference, als knwn as the predictin gap, plays a key rle in shaping hw pain is experienced. EQ \L( 37 ) Healthy participants were subjected t painful ht-based stimuli (刺激), while bserving visual signals in a virtual reality setting. These signals were either assciated with painful r nn-painful experiences. Participants were then asked t reprt their pain intensity.
The researchers discvered that pain perceptin becmes mre intense as the predictin gap widens. This phenmenn ccurs when the actual pain is much strnger than the brain’s expectatins. Their findings suggest that the brain strengthens pain perceptin when there is a substantial difference between anticipated and actual pain levels. EQ \L( 38 ) It prvides a mre accurate framewrk fr understanding hw the brain prcesses pain. The study als revealed that unexpected events tend t increase pain, supprting the idea that the difference between expectatin and reality causes pain t feel wrse.
Individuals with persistent pain ften experience uncertain fears and anxieties abut their cnditin. This mismatch between their expectatins and the actual experience f pain can further strengthen hw strngly they perceive the pain. EQ \L( 39 ) Gaining deeper insights int hw the brain prcesses pain culd als cntribute t the develpment f mre effective treatments, ultimately imprving recvery frm persistent pain.
A. This evidence supprts the Surprise Hypthesis.
B. It is als strngly influenced by individual expectatins.
C. In this study, hw the brain perceives pain was examined.
D. In cntrast, the gap will determine the intensity f the pain ne feels.
E. T explain this phenmenn, a new study has intrduced tw main assumptins.
F. The findings highlight the imprtance f psychlgical factrs in pain management.
G. Narrwing this gap between expectatin and reality may play a key rle in reducing pain.
【答案】35. B 36. E 37. C 38. A 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了大脑如何感知疼痛，特别是预期与实际疼痛之间的差异对疼痛感知的影响，并提出缩小这种差异可能有助于减轻疼痛。
【35题详解】
根据上文“This difference suggests that pain perceptin is nt entirely determined by the physical injury itself.(这种差异表明，疼痛感知并不完全由身体伤害本身决定。)”可知，上文说明疼痛感知受到其他因素的影响，空处应该对此进行解释说明。选项B“它也受到个人期望的强烈影响”正好解释了除了身体伤害，疼痛感知还受到个人期望的影响，符合语境。故选B。
【36题详解】
根据下文“One is the Estimate Hypthesis (假说), which suggests that the brain estimates the intensity f pain based n predictins it makes abut the injury. The ther is the Surprise Hypthesis, which argues that the brain feels pain as the difference between what it expects and what actually ccurred.(一个是估计假说，该假说认为大脑会根据对伤害的预测来估计疼痛的强度。另一个是惊喜假说，该假说认为大脑感受到的疼痛是预期与实际发生之间的差异。)”可知，下文两个关于大脑如何感知疼痛的假设，说明空处应该提到有两个假设。选项E“为了解释这一现象，一项新的研究提出了两个主要假设”提到了有两个假设，引出下文，符合语境。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据下文“Healthy participants were subjected t painful ht-based stimuli (刺激), while bserving visual signals in a virtual reality setting. These signals were either assciated with painful r nn-painful experiences. Participants were then asked t reprt their pain intensity.(健康的参与者在虚拟现实环境中接受疼痛的热刺激，同时观察视觉信号。这些信号要么与疼痛经历相关，要么与非疼痛经历相关。然后要求参与者报告他们的疼痛强度。)”可知，下文描述了一项关于大脑如何感知疼痛的研究，说明空处应该提到有研究。选项C“在这项研究中，研究了大脑如何感知疼痛”提到了有研究，引出下文，符合语境。故选C。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Their findings suggest that the brain strengthens pain perceptin when there is a substantial difference between anticipated and actual pain levels.(他们的研究结果表明，当预期疼痛水平和实际疼痛水平之间存在显著差异时，大脑会加强疼痛感知。)”可知，上文是关于大脑感知疼痛的研究结果，空处应该对此进行评价。选项A“这一证据支持了惊喜假说”是对上文研究结果的评价，说明研究结果支持了惊喜假说，符合语境。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Individuals with persistent pain ften experience uncertain fears and anxieties abut their cnditin. This mismatch between their expectatins and the actual experience f pain can further strengthen hw strngly they perceive the pain.(持续疼痛的患者经常对自己的状况感到不确定的恐惧和焦虑。他们的预期与实际疼痛体验之间的这种不匹配会进一步加强他们对疼痛的强烈感知。)”可知，上文提到了预期与实际疼痛体验之间的不匹配会加强疼痛感知，空处应该提出解决办法。选项G“缩小期望与现实之间的这种差距可能在减轻疼痛方面发挥关键作用”提出了解决办法，即缩小期望与现实之间的差距，符合语境。故选G。
2025 东城二模
After seeing nline advertising fr “Willy’s Cbclate Experience”, peple paid up t £80 each t attend. But it wasn’t as prmised: instead f wndrus creatins and an abundance f chclate, families arrived at a mstly abandned warehuse featuring a sad-lking castle. Later it emerged that the marketing materials were prduced by artificial intelligence. Misleading ads are just ne example f a cmmn prblem in ur digitalised wrld. Yet even as deceptin (欺骗) grws mre cmplicated, cuntermeasures are being develped.
There is an arms race ging n in the digital wrld. ____35____ Understanding that evlutinary cnflict can help us beat thse wh aim t lie t us. Disinfrmatin certainly predates the existence f humans. Cancer cells, fr example, trick the immune system int treating them as a nrmal part f the bdy, causing white bld cells useless against them.
____36____ Cucks lay their eggs in the nests f ther birds. The fster parents are then deceived int raising the yung f thers at the expense f their wn. Mre cmplex are cases where wild tufted capuchin mnkeys may scream as thugh a predatr (捕食者) is nearby t trick their fellw primates int running away frm fd. ____37____
This links t the Red Queen hypthesis, which refers t a case where tw rganisms cmpete t utsmart each ther. ____38____ Cucks cmpete with hst birds. Primates cmpete with each ther. In each cnflict, a new strategy by ne party frces the ther t adapt — r face eliminatin in the cld game f natural selectin.
Disinfrmatin tday is a mre cmplex versin f the false mnkey screams. The gd news is that we knw enugh abut evlutinary thinking t predict which steps bad actrs will take next. ____39____ We have nvel ways t trick it int evlving a weakness that we then take advantage f, a prcess called “evlutinary trapping”. Similarly, we knw smene will try t utfx the tls being develped t cunter deepfakes. We can predict what the next frm f deepfake will lk like, then prevent it.
A. Bdies cmpete with cancers.
B. We d this already with cancer.
C. They then take the fd fr themselves.
D. They becme mre intelligent with each trick.
E. We see disinfrmatin strategies amng animals, t.
F. We need t use ur understanding t make traps f ur wn.
G. But the cmpetitin between deceptin and hnesty is as ld as life n Earth.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. C 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了数字化世界中欺骗与反欺骗的“军备竞赛”，并通过自然界中的例子（如癌细胞、杜鹃鸟、卷尾猴等）类比说明这种对抗的进化本质。
【35题详解】
根据文章第二段首句“There is an arms race ging n in the digital wrld.(数字世界正在进行一场军备竞赛)”以及后文“Understanding that evlutinary cnflict can help us beat thse wh aim t lie t us. Disinfrmatin certainly predates the existence f humans.(理解那种进化冲突可以帮助我们打败那些想对我们撒谎的人。虚假信息在人类出现之前就已经存在了。)”提到的进化冲突（evlutinary cnflict）与虚假信息在人类出现之前就已经存在可知，此处需强调欺骗与诚实的对抗历史悠久。选项G“但欺骗与诚实的竞争与地球生命一样古老”与此呼应，衔接后文对自然界欺骗策略的讨论。故选G。
【36题详解】
下文“Cucks lay their eggs in the nests f ther birds. The fster parents are then deceived int raising the yung f thers at the expense f their wn. Mre cmplex are cases where wild tufted capuchin mnkeys may scream as thugh a predatr (捕食者) is nearby t trick their fellw primates int running away frm fd.(杜鹃在别的鸟巢里下蛋。然后养父母被欺骗，以牺牲自己的孩子为代价抚养别人的孩子。更复杂的情况是，野生卷尾猴可能会尖叫，好像捕食者就在附近，以欺骗它们的灵长类同伴逃离食物。)”列举了杜鹃鸟和卷尾猴的欺骗行为，因此可知，此处总结动物界的虚假信息策略。选项E“我们在动物中也看到了虚假信息策略”是对本段内容的概括。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据前文“Mre cmplex are cases where wild tufted capuchin mnkeys may scream as thugh a predatr(捕食者)is nearby t trick their fellw primates int running away frm fd.(更复杂的情况是，野生卷尾猴可能会尖叫，好像捕食者就在附近，以欺骗它们的灵长类同伴逃离食物。)”可知，猴子通过虚假警告独占食物。选项C“然后它们独占食物”承接上文，阐述前文行为的最终目的和结果。故选C。
【38题详解】
根据前文“This links t the Red Queen hypthesis, which refers t a case where tw rganisms cmpete t utsmart each ther.(这与红皇后假说有关，该假说指的是两种生物相互竞争以胜过对方的情况。)”提到的红皇后假说，两个生物竞争以智胜对方；后文“Cucks cmpete with hst birds. Primates cmpete with each ther.(杜鹃与宿主鸟类竞争，灵长类动物彼此竞争)”举例说明两种生物相互竞争以胜过对方，选项A“身体与癌症竞争。”承接上文，以癌症和身体的竞争为例阐释红皇后假说，与下文并列。与第二段的“Cancer cells, fr example, trick the immune system int treating them as a nrmal part f the bdy, causing white bld cells useless against them.(例如，癌细胞欺骗免疫系统，将其视为身体的正常部分，导致白细胞对其无效。)”形成呼应。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“The gd news is that we knw enugh abut evlutinary thinking t predict which steps bad actrs will take next.(好消息是，我们对进化思维有足够的了解，可以预测不良行为者下一步会采取什么步骤。)”以及下文“We have nvel ways t trick it int evlving a weakness that we then take advantage f, a prcess called “evlutinary trapping”.(我们有新颖的方法来诱骗它进化出一个弱点，然后利用它，这个过程被称为‘进化陷阱’。）”可知，我们通过对进化思维的了解可以预测不良行为者的下一步，并在实践中进行运用，选项B“我们已对癌症这样做”提及人类已对癌症采取类似策略，符合语境，下文中的“it”指代选项中的“cancer”，选项中的“this”指代上文中的“predict which steps bad actrs will take next”。故选B。
2025 西城二模
In ur fast-paced, technlgy-driven wrld, the act f eating has transfrmed frm a mindful practice t an ften hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by cnsuming fd while engaging in ther activities such as watching televisin, scrlling thrugh smartphnes, r wrking at a desk, is becming increasingly widespread. ____35____
The cmmn presence f digital devices and the cnstant demands f mdern life have cntributed t the rise f distracted eating. ____36____ Fr instance, ffice wrkers frequently eat lunch while replying t emails, and students snack during nline classes. This behavir is nt limited t any specific age grup.
Distracted eating has several negative effects n physical and mental health. When attentin is divided between eating and anther activity, it becmes challenging t recgnize signals f being full. ____37____ Studies have shwn a crrelatin between distracted eating and an increased intake f calries, cntributing t weight gain and besity.
Eating while distracted can impair digestin. The bdy needs t be in a relaxed state fr prper digestin, but multitasking can create a state f mild stress, affecting the digestive prcess. This can lead t discmfrt, blating, and ther gastrintestinal issues. ____38____ This reduces the verall nutritinal quality f the diet, impacting lng-term health.
The practice f mindful eating, which invlves paying full attentin t the experience f eating, has been linked t imprved mental health utcmes. In cntrast, distracted eating can cntribute t stress and anxiety, as it reduces the enjyment and satisfactin f meals.
____39____ Creating specific areas fr eating, free frm digital devices and wrk related materials helps t establish a clear bundary between mealtime and ther activities. Establishing and fllwing regular meal times can reduce the temptatin t cat while multitasking. This encurages a mre structured apprach t eating. Engage in mindful eating by fcusing n the sensry experience f fd — its taste, texture, and arma. This can enhance the enjyment f meals and imprve satiety recgnitin.
As awareness f the issue grws, it is hped that mre peple will recgnize the benefits f mindful eating and make cnscius (自觉的) effrts t enjy their meals fully and healthily.
A. Addressing distracted eating requires cnscius effrt and lifestyle changes.
B. Over time, this habit may weaken the brain’s ability t assciate fd with satisfactin.
C. Eating in respnse t bredm, rather than genuine hunger, is a frequent cnsequence f such behavir.
D. This shift in eating habits has significant cnsequences fr ur health and well-being.
E. This can lead t vereating, as individuals are less aware f hw much they have cnsumed.
F. Peple are multitasking mre than ever, trying t maximize prductivity by cmbining meal times with ther activities.
G. Distracted eaters may make prer fd chices, chsing cnvenience fds that are ften high in sugar, fat, and salt.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. E 38. G 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在快节奏的科技时代，分心进食愈发普遍，其因数字设备和现代生活需求而生。分心进食对身心健康有害，会导致暴饮暴食、消化问题，影响食物选择。而正念饮食有益心理健康。可通过改变生活方式来解决分心进食，人们应重视正念饮食以健康用餐。
【35题详解】
根据上文“In ur fast-paced, technlgy-driven wrld, the act f eating has transfrmed frm a mindful practice t an ften hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by cnsuming fd while engaging in ther activities such as watching televisin, scrlling thrugh smartphnes, r wrking at a desk, is becming increasingly widespread. (在我们这个快节奏、科技驱动的世界里，吃的行为已经从一种用心的练习变成了一种经常匆忙和分心的活动。分心进食的特点是一边吃东西一边看电视、刷智能手机或伏案工作，这种现象正变得越来越普遍。)”可知，上文提到在快节奏、技术驱动的世界里，饮食行为从一种有意识的行为变成了匆忙且分心的活动，分心进食越来越普遍。本句承接上文，指出这种饮食行为的变化会带来不良后果，引出下文对分心进食影响的阐述，故D选项“这种饮食习惯的转变对我们的健康和幸福有重大影响。”符合语境，故选D。
【36题详解】
根据上文“The cmmn presence f digital devices and the cnstant demands f mdern life have cntributed t the rise f distracted eating. (数码设备的普遍存在和现代生活的不断需求导致了分心进食的增加。)”可知，上文指出数字设备的普遍存在和现代生活的持续需求导致了分心进食的增加，本句进一步解释了为什么会出现分心进食，故F选项“人们比以往任何时候都更加一心多用，试图通过把吃饭时间和其他活动结合起来来最大限度地提高效率。”符合语境，故选F。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Distracted eating has several negative effects n physical and mental health. When attentin is divided between eating and anther activity, it becmes challenging t recgnize signals f being full. (分心进食对身心健康有几个负面影响。当注意力在吃东西和其他活动之间分散时，识别吃饱的信号就变得很困难。)”可知，上文提到当注意力分散在进食和其他活动之间时，很难识别饱腹感信号，本句说明这种难以识别饱腹感信号的结果是过度进食，故E选项“这可能会导致暴饮暴食，因为人们很少意识到自己吃了多少。”符合语境，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Eating while distracted can impair digestin. The bdy needs t be in a relaxed state fr prper digestin, but multitasking can create a state f mild stress, affecting the digestive prcess. This can lead t discmfrt, blating, and ther gastrintestinal issues. (分心时吃东西会损害消化。身体需要处于放松状态才能正常消化，但多任务处理会造成轻微的压力，影响消化过程。这会导致不适、腹胀和其他胃肠道问题。)”可知，上文提到分心进食会影响消化，导致不适、腹胀和其他胃肠道问题。本句进一步说明了分心进食在食物选择方面的不良影响，与上文一起阐述分心进食的负面效应，故G选项“分心的食客可能会做出更糟糕的食物选择，他们会选择高糖、高脂肪和高盐的方便食品。”符合语境，故选G。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Creating specific areas fr eating, free frm digital devices and wrk related materials helps t establish a clear bundary between mealtime and ther activities. Establishing and fllwing regular meal times can reduce the temptatin t cat while multitasking. This encurages a mre structured apprach t eating. Engage in mindful eating by fcusing n the sensry experience f fd — its taste, texture, and arma. This can enhance the enjyment f meals and imprve satiety recgnitin. (创建特定的用餐区域，远离电子设备和与工作相关的材料，有助于在用餐时间和其他活动之间建立清晰的界限。建立并遵循规律的用餐时间可以减少在一心多用时吃猫的诱惑。这鼓励了一种更有条理的饮食方式。专注于食物的感官体验——它的味道、质地和香气，从而专心进食。这样可以增加用餐的乐趣，提高饱腹感。)”可知，下文提到创造特定的进食区域，建立和遵循规律的用餐时间等改变生活方式的措施来解决分心进食的问题。故A选项“解决进食分心问题需要有意识的努力和生活方式的改变。”符合语境，故选A。
2025 朝阳二模
There is cnsiderable evidence frm studies with adults that vlunteering benefits a persn’s physical and mental health. ____35____ A 2023 analysis suggested that yung peple wh had participated in cmmunity service were mre likely t be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges.
____36____ It culd be that the children vlunteers were already in great health. But because f an alarming rise in mental health issues amng yung peple, envirnmental health scientists believe this early evidence is prmising enugh t pursue. A 2021 advisry warned that the number f yung peple reprting cnstant feelings f sadness r hpelessness had increased by40 percent ver the previus decade. There are multiple pssible causes, including anxiety ver climate change, the effects f scial media use and unfriendly persnal circumstances.
T address these prblems, researchers pint t the imprtance f “cntributin” as an essential piece f scial and emtinal develpment fr teenagers. Vlunteering is ne gd way yung peple can cntribute. ____37____ In 2022, develpmental psychlgist Parissa Ballard and her clleagues tested vlunteering as an interventin fr nine 14-t-20-year-lds wh had been recently diagnsed with mild t mderate depressin r anxiety. After 30 hurs f vlunteer wrk at cmmunity rganizatins, the average reductin in depressive symptms was 19 percent.
What accunts fr the benefits? Helping thers imprves md and raises cnfidence. It prvides rich grund fr building scial cnnectins. It als changes hw yung peple see themselves. Many teens dn’t feel imprtant. ____38____
There may be a ptential dwnside t vlunteering, hwever. ____39____ “Yung peple have t chse smething that feels meaningful t them,” Ballard says. Adults can help by ffering chices and checking vlunteer pprtunities t be sure that rganizatins are well run and equipped t ffer a gd experience.
A. Admittedly, this finding nly shws cnnectins.
B. Nw scientists are finding similar links in children and teenagers.
C. This imprvement was in cmparisn with yung peple wh did nt vlunteer.
D. The sense f mattering t thers translates really well t their needs t cnnect and belng.
E. Everyne in the study enjyed the wrk and reprted a sense f pride and accmplishment.
F. The experience can be harmful if yung peple feel like they are being frced t participate.
G. Vlunteering gives them a different sense f themselves, a sense f cnfidence and self-value.
【答案】35. B 36. A 37. D 38. G 39. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年志愿服务对其身心健康有益及相关研究。
【35题详解】
上文“There is cnsiderable evidence frm studies with adults that vlunteering benefits a persn’s physical and mental health.(有大量针对成年人的研究证据表明，志愿服务有益于一个人的身心健康)”说明成年人志愿服务有益身心健康。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明在青少年中也有类似发现，并引出下文的相关研究。所以B项“现在科学家们在儿童和青少年中也发现了类似的联系。”符合语境。该项中的“similar links”和上文中的“adults that vlunteering benefits a persn’s physical and mental health”呼应。故选B。
【36题详解】
上文“A 2023 analysis suggested that yung peple wh had participated in cmmunity service were mre likely t be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges.(2023年的一项分析表明，参与过社区服务的年轻人更有可能保持极佳的健康状态，并且在面对挑战时能够保持冷静)”以及下文“It culd be that the children vlunteers were already in great health.(可能是参加志愿活动的孩子本来就很健康)”是对某种发现的一种可能性解释。空处承接上文的发现，并对这种情况给出了认可。A项“诚然，这一发现只是表明了一种联系。”符合语境，引出下文对研究发现局限性的说明，而选项中“this finding”指代了上文中的“yung peple wh had participated in cmmunity service were mre likely t be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges”这一发现。故选A。
【37题详解】
上文“T address these prblems, researchers pint t the imprtance f “cntributin” as an essential piece f scial and emtinal develpment fr teenagers. Vlunteering is ne gd way yung peple can cntribute.(为了解决这些问题，研究人员指出，“贡献”对于青少年的社会和情感发展至关重要。志愿服务是年轻人可以做出贡献的一种良好方式)”说明了志愿服务是年轻人可以做出贡献的一种良好方式。空处与上文逻辑紧密相连，解释了志愿服务为何能让年轻人做出贡献。D项“对他人的重要性很好地转化为他们建立联系和归属感的需求。”符合语境，是对上文内容的进一步阐述和解释。故选D。
【38题详解】
上文“What accunts fr the benefits? Helping thers imprves md and raises cnfidence. It prvides rich grund fr building scial cnnectins. It als changes hw yung peple see themselves. Many teens dn’t feel imprtant.(这些好处的原因是什么？帮助他人可以改善情绪，增强信心。它为建立社会联系提供了丰富的基础。这也改变了年轻人对自己的看法。许多青少年觉得自己不重要)”列举了几个志愿者带来好处的原因。C项“志愿活动给了他们一种不同的自我感觉，一种自信和自我价值感。”承接上文说明志愿者服务可以让青少年找到自我，产生自信和自我价值观,改变青少年认为自己不重要的看法。故选G。
【39题详解】
上文“There may be a ptential dwnside t vlunteering, hwever.(然而，志愿服务可能有一个潜在的缺点)”说明志愿服务存在问题。空处具体说明问题所在，F项“如果年轻人觉得自己是被迫参与的，这种经历可能是有害的。”符合语境，解释了志愿服务可能带来负面影响的原因。该项中的“The experience can be harmful”和上文中的“a ptential dwnside”相呼应。故选F。
2025 海淀二模
Stuffed animals, r plush tys, are a cherished part f childhd fr many. Yet their appeal extends far beynd the early years. Whether it’s a sft lin r a cuddly bunny, these cmfrting cmpanins have a unique place in the hearts f millins. ____35____
One f the primary reasns stuffed animals are s belved is the cmfrt they prvide. Fr children, these sft, huggable tys ften serve as a surce f emtinal security. The act f cuddling a stuffed animal can prvide reassurance and a sense f calm. ____36____ The tactile sensatin f sft fabric and the cmfrting weight f a plush ty can act like a physical cmfrt bject, similar t a security blanket.
Besides, stuffed animals ften becme lyal cmpanins, ffering emtinal supprt. ____37____ The attachment they develp t their stuffed animals is nt just a passing phase. It ften carries lasting emtinal significance well int adulthd.
____38____ Children might “care” fr their tys in ways they see adults caring fr them, develping empathy and nurturing skills. This kind f play helps children understand cmplex emtins like lve, cncern, and respnsibility. This allws them t build emtinal intelligence frm an early age.
Beynd emtinal cmfrt, stuffed animals have been used as tls in therapy. In child psychlgy, therapists ften incrprate stuffed animals t help children express their emtins, fears, and wishes in a nn-threatening way. When a child has difficulty verbalizing cmplex feelings, a stuffed animal can serve as a “vice” fr thse emtins. ____39____ Many find cmfrt in hugging r hlding a plush ty as a way t alleviate stress, anxiety, r even physical pain. A grwing bdy f research suggests hugging a stuffed animal can reduce stress hrmnes, and trigger the release f xytcin, which prmtes feelings f well-being and relaxatin.
A. Why d they hld such a special place in seeking cmfrt?
B. Many children treat them as real friends r family members.
C. But what makes stuffed animals mre than just simple tys?
D. Stuffed animals are als ften used as a frm f rle-playing.
E. It can help children feel safe, especially during times f stress.
F. Cuddling stuffed animals in therapy can keep adults in high spirits.
G. Adults t can benefit frm the therapeutic aspects f stuffed animals.
【答案】35. C 36. E 37. B 38. D 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了毛绒玩具不仅是童年的珍贵部分，对各年龄段都有独特意义。它能提供情感安慰，成为忠诚伙伴，还可用于角色扮演培养情商。毛绒玩具可作为治疗工具，无论是孩子还是成人，都能通过它缓解压力，释放促进幸福感的催产素。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Stuffed animals, r plush tys, are a cherished part f childhd fr many. Yet their appeal extends far beynd the early years. Whether it’s a sft lin r a cuddly bunny, these cmfrting cmpanins have a unique place in the hearts f millins.(对许多人来说，毛绒玩具是童年珍贵的一部分。然而，它们的吸引力远远超出了最初的几年。无论是柔软的狮子还是可爱的兔子，这些令人安慰的伴侣在数百万人的心中都占有独特的地位)”可知，上文提到毛绒玩具深受喜爱，下一段开始阐述毛绒玩具受欢迎的原因，本句起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对毛绒玩具特殊之处的讨论，故C选项“但是是什么让毛绒动物不仅仅是简单的玩具呢？”符合语境，故选C。
【36题详解】
根据上文“One f the primary reasns stuffed animals are s belved is the cmfrt they prvide. Fr children, these sft, huggable tys ften serve as a surce f emtinal security. The act f cuddling a stuffed animal can prvide reassurance and a sense f calm.(毛绒玩具如此受人喜爱的主要原因之一是它们提供的安慰。对于孩子们来说，这些柔软、可爱的玩具通常是情感安全感的来源。抱着毛绒玩具的行为可以提供安慰和平静的感觉)”可知，前文说毛绒玩具能给孩子带来情感上的安全感，拥抱毛绒玩具能带来安慰和平静，故本句进一步说明毛绒玩具让孩子有安全感，故E选项“它可以帮助孩子们感到安全，尤其是在有压力的时候”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Besides, stuffed animals ften becme lyal cmpanins, ffering emtinal supprt.(此外，毛绒玩具经常成为忠实的伙伴，提供情感支持)”以及后文“The attachment they develp t their stuffed animals is nt just a passing phase. It ften carries lasting emtinal significance well int adulthd.(他们对毛绒玩具的依恋并不是暂时的。它通常会在成年后带来持久的情感意义)”可知，上文说毛绒玩具是忠诚的伙伴，能提供情感支持，后文说孩子对毛绒玩具的依恋不是短暂的阶段，推测本句说明孩子对毛绒玩具的特殊情感，故B选项“许多孩子把他们当作真正的朋友或家人”符合语境，故选B。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Children might “care” fr their tys in ways they see adults caring fr them, develping empathy and nurturing skills. This kind f play helps children understand cmplex emtins like lve, cncern, and respnsibility. This allws them t build emtinal intelligence frm an early age.(孩子们可能会以他们看到的成年人照顾他们的方式“照顾”他们的玩具，培养同理心和养育技能。这种游戏可以帮助孩子理解复杂的情感，比如爱、关心和责任。这使得他们在很小的时候就能建立情商)”可知，后文说孩子会像大人照顾自己一样 “照顾” 玩具，培养同理心和养育技能，本句为主旨句，引出下文孩子通过玩毛绒玩具进行角色扮演的内容，故D选项“填充动物玩具也经常被用作角色扮演的一种形式”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据前文“Beynd emtinal cmfrt, stuffed animals have been used as tls in therapy. In child psychlgy, therapists ften incrprate stuffed animals t help children express their emtins, fears, and wishes in a nn-threatening way. (除了情感上的安慰，毛绒动物还被用作治疗工具。在儿童心理学中，治疗师经常使用毛绒动物玩具来帮助孩子们以一种不具威胁性的方式表达他们的情绪、恐惧和愿望)”可知，第五段从儿童治疗转向成年人受益，G选项“成年人也能从毛绒玩具的治疗方面获益”衔接后文研究结论，后文“Many find cmfrt in hugging r hlding a plush ty as a way t alleviate stress, anxiety, r even physical pain. A grwing bdy f research suggests hugging a stuffed animal can reduce stress hrmnes, and trigger the release f xytcin, which prmtes feelings f well-being and relaxatin.(许多人认为拥抱或抱着毛绒玩具是缓解压力、焦虑甚至身体疼痛的一种方式。越来越多的研究表明，拥抱毛绒玩具可以减少压力荷尔蒙，并引发催产素的释放，从而促进幸福感和放松感)”说很多人通过拥抱毛绒玩具缓解压力，说明毛绒玩具对成年人也有治疗作用，故符合语境，故选G。
2025 丰台二模
Much smaller in size than the diameter f an average human hair, nanplastics are invisible t the naked eye. Linked t cardivascular and respiratry diseases in peple, nanplastics cntinue t build up, largely unnticed, in the wrld’s bdies f water. ____35____
Therefre, at is urgent t develp better ways t remve nanplastics frm water. Hwever the challenge remains t develp a cst-effective slutin t get rid f nanplastics while leaving clean water behind. ____36____ Recently, researchers created a cheap liquid-based slutin that remves mre than 98% f these micrscpic plastic particles (颗粒) frm water.
The innvative methd uses water-resistant slvents (溶剂) made frm natural ingredients. It nt nly ffers a practical slutin t the pressing issue f nanplastic pllutin but als paves the way fr further research and develpment in advanced water purificatin technlgies. The strategy uses a small amunt f designer slvent t absrb plastic particles frm a large dume f water. ____37____ Once mixed with water and allwed t reseparate, the slvent flats back t the surface, carrying the nanplastics within its mlecular structure. Currently, the capacity f the slvent is nt well understd. ____38____ Additinally, they will explre methds t recycle the slvent, enabling their reuse multiple times if necessary.
____39____ The slvents are made frm safe, nn-txic cmpnents, and their ability t resist water prevents additinal pllutin f water surces, making them a highly sustainable slutin. Frm a scientific perspective, creating effective remval methds fsters innvatin in filtratin technlgies, prvides insights int nanmaterial behavir, and supprts the develpment f infrmed envirnmental plicies.
A. That’s where a new research cmes in.
B. The cst f prducing the slvent is still t high.
C. Previus methds failed t purify and recycle the small particles.
D. Initially, the slvent sits n the water’s surface the way il flats n water.
E. In future wrk, researchers aim t determine the maximum capacity f the slvent.
F. The new methd ffers multiple advantages that are bth practical and scientifically significant.
G. They can damage water ecsystems and enter the fd chain, threatening wildlife and humans.
【答案】35. G 36. A 37. D 38. E 39. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纳米塑料的危害，开发有效去除水中纳米塑料方法的紧迫性，创新的去除纳米塑料的方法及其优势，包括溶剂的作用、未来研究方向等内容。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Much smaller in size than the diameter f an average human hair, nanplastics are invisible t the naked eye. Linked t cardivascular and respiratry diseases in peple, nanplastics cntinue t build up, largely unnticed, in the wrld’s bdies f water. (纳米塑料的尺寸比人类平均头发的直径小得多，肉眼看不见。纳米塑料与人类的心血管和呼吸系统疾病有关，在世界水体中不断积累，很大程度上未被注意到。)”可知，本段讲述了纳米塑料的危害，结合空格所处的位置可推断，此空应继续阐述纳米塑料的危害。G选项 “They can damage water ecsystems and enter the fd chain, threatening wildlife and humans. (它们会破坏水生态系统并进入食物链，威胁到野生动物和人类。)”说明了纳米塑料对生态系统和食物链的危害，承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Therefre, at is urgent t develp better ways t remve nanplastics frm water. Hwever the challenge remains t develp a cst-effective slutin t get rid f nanplastics while leaving clean water behind. (因此，迫切需要开发更好的方法来去除水中的纳米塑料。然而，挑战仍然是开发一种具有成本效益的解决方案，在留下干净的水的同时去除纳米塑料。)”以及下文的“Recently, researchers created a cheap liquid-based slutin that remves mre than 98% f these micrscpic plastic particles (颗粒) frm water.(最近，研究人员开发出一种低成本的液态解决方案，能够从水中清除超过98%的这些微观塑料颗粒。)”可知，挑战仍然是开发一种具有成本效益的解决方案，在留下干净的水的同时去除纳米塑料，由此可知，此空应引出关于去除水中纳米塑料的新研究，A选项“That’s where a new research cmes in. (这就是一项新研究的切入点。)”引出下文关于新研究的内容，符合语境。故选A项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“The strategy uses a small amunt f designer slvent t absrb plastic particles frm a large dume f water. (该策略使用少量的特制溶剂从大量水中吸收塑料颗粒。)” 以及下文的“Once mixed with water and allwed t reseparate, the slvent flats back t the surface, carrying the nanplastics within its mlecular structure.(一旦与水混合并允许重新分离，溶剂会携带纳米塑料回到水面，其分子结构中包裹着这些微粒。)”可知，此空应具体描述溶剂在水中的情况，D选项“Initially, the slvent sits n the water’s surface the way il flats n water. (最初，溶剂像油漂浮在水上一样漂浮在水面上。)” 说明了溶剂在水面上的状态，承接上文，且与下文的内容吻合，符合语境。故选D项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Currently, the capacity f the slvent is nt well understd. (目前，溶剂的容量还不太清楚。)”以及下文的“Additinally, they will explre methds t recycle the slvent, enabling their reuse multiple times if necessary.(此外，他们还将探索回收溶剂的方法，以便在必要时能够多次重复使用。)”可知，此空应阐述关于溶剂容量的研究方向，E选项 “In future wrk, researchers aim t determine the maximum capacity f the slvent. (在未来的工作中，研究人员旨在确定溶剂的最大容量。)”说明了未来对溶剂容量的研究目标，承接上文，且与下文讲述的内容一致，Additinally为关键词。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据下文“The slvents are made frm safe, nn-txic cmpnents, and their ability t resist water prevents additinal pllutin f water surces, making them a highly sustainable slutin. Frm a scientific perspective, creating effective remval methds fsters innvatin in filtratin technlgies, prvides insights int nanmaterial behavir, and supprts the develpment f infrmed envirnmental plicies. (这些溶剂由安全、无毒的成分制成，它们的防水能力可防止水源受到额外污染，使其成为一种高度可持续的解决方案。从科学的角度来看，创建有效的去除方法促进了过滤技术的创新，提供了对纳米材料行为的深入了解，并支持制定明智的环境政策。)”可知，此处讲述了这种新方法的好处，结合空格处于段首的特点可知，此空可能是本段的主题句，总结新方法的优势，F选项“The new methd ffers multiple advantages that are bth practical and scientifically significant. (这种新方法具有多种优势，既实用又具有科学意义。)”概括了本段的主题，引出下文对新方法优势的具体描述。故选F项。
2019～2024年北京卷信息还原(七选五)
年份
主题语境
语篇类型
考点题量统计
细节句
主旨句
过渡句
2025
人与自我（聚焦 成年的本质）
议论文
4
1
2024
人与社会(关注培养最大的可信度)
议论文
4
1

2023
人与社会(关注教学质量高的学校)
议论文
2
1
2
2022
人与社会
(健康与健身帮助人们拥有健康的生活)
说明文
4
1

2021
人与社会(音乐对人体健康的影响)
说明文
3
1
1
2020
人与自我(积极思考的好处)
说明文
4
1