【英语】山东临沂市2025-2026学年高二上学期普通高中学科期末素养水平监测试题（学生版+解析版）

这是一份【英语】山东临沂市2025-2026学年高二上学期普通高中学科期末素养水平监测试题（学生版+解析版），文件包含英语山东临沂市2025-2026学年高二上学期普通高中学科期末素养水平监测试题解析版docx、英语山东临沂市2025-2026学年高二上学期普通高中学科期末素养水平监测试题学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Each year at Balln Fiesta, balln enthusiasts can get hands-n experience t learn abut the sprt and science f ballning.
Lcated at the nrth end f Balln Fiesta Park next t the Artisans tent, the Balln Discvery Center draws mre than 35,000 visitrs f all ages each year.
· Admissin is FREE nce inside Balln Fiesta® gates.
· Hurs: 5:00 AM t 10:00 AM; 3:30 PM t 7:30 PM
· Yuth 12 and under can cmplete a passprt activity by visiting the many interactive exhibits. Here are a few f the exhibits fr this year:
Ht Air Balln Wind Race: Participate n a 64" interactive table where users use the wind directin. Yu race ther cmpetitrs t be the first t land n the “X” and win the game! Learn hw t navigate the ht air balln and test yur flying skills!
Balln Pilt Challenge: Anther interactive table illustrates hw wind and weather might affect a ht air balln flight. Test yur predictin skills by setting wind speed and see if yu are a Student Pilt, Private Pilt, r the highest ranking, a Cmmercial Pilt!
The Albuquerque Bx: Its unique weather and wind patterns make ur city unique and perfect fr flying ballns. This interactive exhibit illustrates hw the “bx effect” sits ver Balln Fiesta Park and surrunding areas.
Wicker Weaving: Sme aspects f ballning remain lw-tech, and the basket, als called the Gndla, is ne f them. Mst gndlas are made frm wicker t minimize the additinal weight that the balln must lift. When the wicker is saked (浸泡) in water, it becmes flexible. It is wven in a pattern in and ut f the vertical supprts. As it dries, it becmes hard. Cme test yur skills in weaving wicker!
1. What can we knw abut the Balln Discvery Center?
A. It is free fr visitrs.B. It pens the whle day.
C. It is lcated in the center f the Park.D. It ffers many interactive exhibits.
2. Which exhibit can test yur pilt ptential?
A. Balln Pilt Challenge.B. Wicker Weaving.
C. Ht Air Balln Wind Race.D. The Albuquerque Bx.
3. Why is wicker chsen as the material fr gndlas?
A. It is easy t get as a material.B. It becmes harder in water.
C. It reduces the weight f the balln.D. It can be used t supprt the balln.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了气球探索中心的相关信息，包括其位置、开放时间、免费入场以及一些互动展览等内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“·Yuth 12 and under can cmplete a passprt activity by visiting the many interactive exhibits. Here are a few f the exhibits fr this year:(·12岁及以下的青少年可以通过参观许多互动展览来完成护照活动。以下是今年的一些展览)”可知，气球探索中心提供了许多互动展览。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Balln Pilt Challenge:”部分中“Anther interactive table illustrates hw wind and weather might affect a ht air balln flight. Test yur predictin skills by setting wind speed and see if yu are a Student Pilt, Private Pilt, r the highest ranking, a Cmmercial Pilt!(另一张互动桌展示了风和天气如何影响热气球飞行。通过设置风速来测试你的预测能力，看看你是学生飞行员、私人飞行员还是最高级别的商业飞行员)”可知，Balln Pilt Challenge这个展览可以测试你的飞行员潜力。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wicker Weaving:”部分中“Mst gndlas are made frm wicker t minimize the additinal weight that the balln must lift.(大多数吊篮都是用柳条制成的，以尽量减少气球必须提升的额外重量)”可知，选择柳条作为吊篮的材料是因为它可以减轻气球的重量。故选C项。
B
In Mther Teresa’s “Anyway” pem, ne f the lines is “If yu are kind, peple may accuse yu f selfish, ulterir (不可告诉人的) mtives; Be kind anyway.” Yes, there will be sme peple wh questin r judge ur mtives, but that shuldn’t stp us frm being friendly, generus and cnsiderate t thers. Smetimes we are the giver f an act f kindness. Other times, we are the receiver. It desn’t matter. Kindness makes everyne feel gd.
My daughter shared this stry. Many years ag a man wh lived in New Yrk City decided t visit his parents tw hurs nrth. As he apprached their small twn, his car brke dwn. A wman stpped t ffer a ride t a mechanic in twn, and as they chatted n the way in, he learned that she was a lcal realtr (房地产经纪人). He shared that he was frm the city visiting his parents. They went their separate ways, but he never frgt her kindness.
Frty years later, his parents nw deceased, and the sn needed t sell their huse. He remembered the realtr wh had helped him all thse years ag and called her ffice. Unfrtunately, the wman had passed away, but her daughter and granddaughter were running the business and ended up being his realtrs. As it turned ut, they sld the parents’ huse t my daughter and sn-in-law A simple act f kindness had a cntinuus effect decades later.
In mst cases, we never knw the lng-term effect f ur acts f kindness. But the receiver ften never frgets. S dn’t let fear r judgment get in the way f being kind t smene. As the Greek philspher Aesp nce said,” N act f kindness, n matter hw small, is ever wasted. “And smetimes, in a strange way, it might even cme back t us.
4. Why is Mther Teresa’s pem mentined in paragraph 1?
A. T intrduce the pem.B. T prvide examples.
C. T supprt the authr’s pinin.D. T encurage readers t share ideas.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes the wman?
A. Helpful.B. Traditinal.C. Psitive.D. Hnest.
6. Why did the man chse the wman as the realtr?
A. She was prfessinal.B. She was trustwrthy.
C. Their daughters were friends.D. They came frm the same twn.
7. What can we learn frm the stry shared by the authr’s daughter?
A. Lve breaks dwn barriers.B. Gd things cme t thse wh wait.
C. What ges arund cmes arund.D. A determined sul will always find a path.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过引述特蕾莎修女的诗篇和讲述一个跨越数十年的真实故事，阐述了善意行为可能带来的深远影响，并以此鼓励人们克服恐惧和评判，坚持行善。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“In Mther Teresa’s “Anyway” pem, ne f the lines is “If yu are kind, peple may accuse yu f selfish, ulterir (不可告诉人的) mtives; Be kind anyway.” Yes, there will be sme peple wh questin r judge ur mtives, but that shuldn’t stp us frm being friendly, generus and cnsiderate t thers. (在特蕾莎修女的《无论如何》诗中，有这样一行：“即使你的善意可能被曲解为自私或别有用心，你仍要选择行善。”是的，会有一些人质疑或评判我们的动机，但这不应该阻止我们对他人友善、慷慨和体贴)”可知，作者引用特蕾莎修女的诗句是为了引出并支持自己的观点：即使可能被误解，也应坚持行善。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“My daughter shared this stry. Many years ag a man wh lived in New Yrk City decided t visit his parents tw hurs nrth. As he apprached their small twn, his car brke dwn. A wman stpped t ffer a ride t a mechanic in twn, and as they chatted n the way in, he learned that she was a lcal realtr (房地产经纪人). (这是女儿与我分享的故事。多年前，一位住在纽约市的男子驱车北上两小时探望父母。临近小镇时，他的车突然抛锚了。一位女士停下来，提出可以载他去镇上的汽车修理厂，在途中他们聊天时，他得知她是一名当地的房地产经纪人)”可推知，这位女士主动停车帮助陌生人，体现了她乐于助人的品质。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“He remembered the realtr wh had helped him all thse years ag and called her ffice. (他想起了多年前帮助过他的那位房地产经纪人，并打电话到了她的公司)”可知，男士选择这位女士作为房地产经纪人是因为他记住了她曾经的帮助，认为她值得信赖。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是第二段中“My daughter shared this stry. Many years ag a man wh lived in New Yrk City decided t visit his parents tw hurs nrth. As he apprached their small twn, his car brke dwn. A wman stpped t ffer a ride t a mechanic in twn, and as they chatted n the way in, he learned that she was a lcal realtr (房地产经纪人). (这是女儿与我分享的故事。多年前，一位住在纽约市的男子驱车北上两小时探望父母。临近小镇时，他的车突然抛锚了。一位女士停下来，提出可以载他去镇上的汽车修理厂，在途中他们聊天时，他得知她是一名当地的房地产经纪人)”、第三段中“He remembered the realtr wh had helped him all thse years ag and called her ffice. Unfrtunately, the wman had passed away, but her daughter and granddaughter were running the business and ended up being his realtrs. As it turned ut, they sld the parents’ huse t my daughter and sn-in-law (他想起了多年前帮助过他的那位房地产经纪人，并打电话到了她的公司。不幸的是，那位女士已经去世，但她的女儿和孙女正在经营这家公司，并最终成为了他的房地产经纪人。结果，他们把父母的房子卖给了我的女儿和女婿)”以及作者在最后一段引用的希腊哲学家伊索的话“N act f kindness, n matter hw small, is ever wasted. (再小的善举，也绝不会被浪费)”可推知，这个故事传达的道理是善意的行为终将以某种方式得到回报或产生积极的长远影响，正所谓“善有善报”。故选C项。
C
A new study in Cmmunicatins Earth & Envirnment reprts a series f majr drughts, each extending beynd 85 years, likely played a central rle in the eventual fall f the Indus Valley Civilizatins. This ffers fresh insight int why this influential ancient sciety, a cntemprary (同时代) f ancient Egypt, lcated near the present-day India-Pakistan brder, experienced a slw reductin in its urban and cultural cmplexity. The research als underlines hw lng-lasting envirnmental pressures can shape the develpment and stability f early civilizatins.
The Indus Valley Civilizatins was amng the earliest knwn urban cultures, develping between 5,000 and 3,500 years ag alng the Indus River and its branches in what is nw Pakistan and nrthwest India. At its height frm 4,500 t 3,900 years ag, the sciety was knwn fr its planned cities, extensive facilities, and innvative water management systems. But the reasns behind its lng, gradual dwnturn have remained difficult fr researchers t fully explain.
T investigate past cnditins, Vimal Mishra and clleagues cnstructed climate patterns acrss the regin spanning 5,000 t 3,000 years ag. Their analysis cmbined climate mdeling with several indirect indicatrs f ancient envirnmental change. These included the chemical signatures preserved in tw Indian caves and water level histries recrded in five lakes acrss nrthwest India. Tgether, the data pinted t a temperature increase f abut 0.5 degrees Celsius during this interval, alng with a 10 t 20 percent reductin in annual rainfall. The team als identified fur extended drught perids ccurring between 4,450 and 3,400 years ag, indicating widespread and lng-lasting impacts n water availability.
Accrding t the authrs, these drughts likely influenced where peple chse t establish settlements. Between 5,000 and 4,500 years ag, mst cmmunities were situated in regins that received higher rainfall. After 4,500 years ag, settlement patterns changed, with ppulatins mving clser t the Indus River. This shift may reflect increasing dependence n a mre reliable water surce as drught cnditins intensified.
Based n these findings, the researchers cncluded the Indus Valley civilizatin did nt cllapse suddenly frm a single climate event. Instead, the sciety likely experienced a prlnged and uneven fall in which repeated drughts became a significant cntributing factr.
8. What can we learn frm the new study?
A. Ancient Egypt als experienced a slw reductin.
B. Envirnment greatly influenced the early civilizatins.
C. The Indus Valley civilizatin extended beynd 85 years.
D. Drughts shaped the early civilizatins in different ways.
9. What d we knw abut the Indus Valley civilizatin in paragraph 2?
A. Where it riginated is unknwn.
B. Why it fell requires further study.
C. Its sciety initially had well-designed cities.
D. It lay between Pakistan and nrthwest India.
10. Hw did Vimal Mishra and clleagues carry ut their research?
A. By cllecting the annual rainfall.
B. By mnitring the temperature change.
C. By studying the impact n water availability.
D. By using climate mdels and natural evidence.
11. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “intensified” in paragraph 4?
A. Wrsen.B. Imprved.C. Disappeared.D. Eased.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了《通讯地球与环境》上的一项新研究，该研究指出一系列持续超过85年的重大干旱可能是印度河流域文明衰落的核心原因；文章还介绍了印度河流域文明的基本情况、研究人员的研究方法，以及干旱对该文明定居模式的影响，强调了长期环境压力对早期文明发展和稳定的塑造作用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“The research als underlines hw lng-lasting envirnmental pressures can shape the develpment and stability f early civilizatins.(这项研究也强调了长期的环境压力如何塑造早期文明的发展和稳定)”可知，我们从这项新研究中能了解到，环境对早期文明有着巨大的影响。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“At its height frm 4,500 t 3,900 years ag, the sciety was knwn fr its planned cities, extensive facilities, and innvative water management systems.(在4500年至3900年前的鼎盛时期，这个社会以其规划有序的城市、庞大的设施和创新的水资源管理系统而闻名)”可知，印度河流域文明在鼎盛时期就有设计精良的城市，其社会最初就具备这一特点。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Their analysis cmbined climate mdeling with several indirect indicatrs f ancient envirnmental change. These included the chemical signatures preserved in tw Indian caves and water level histries recrded in five lakes acrss nrthwest India.(他们的分析将气候模型与多个古代环境变化的间接指标相结合，这些指标包括两个印度洞穴中保存的化学特征，以及印度西北部五个湖泊记录的水位历史)”可知，维马尔·米什拉及其同事是通过气候模型和自然证据开展研究的。故选D。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段的 “After 4,500 years ag, settlement patterns changed, with ppulatins mving clser t the Indus River. This shift may reflect increasing dependence n a mre reliable water surce as drught cnditins intensified.(大约4500年前，聚居模式发生了变化，人口开始向印度河附近迁移。这种转变可能反映了人们越来越依赖更可靠的水源，因为干旱状况intensified。)”结合前文“Accrding t the authrs, these drughts likely influenced where peple chse t establish settlements. Between 5,000 and 4,500 years ag, mst cmmunities were situated in regins that received higher rainfall.(据作者所述，这些干旱现象很可能影响了人们选择建立定居点的地点。在5000至4500 年前，大多数社区都位于降雨量较大的地区。)”提到研究发现该地区存在长期干旱、降雨量减少，可推知人们迁移是因为干旱状况恶化，划线词intensified意为“加剧、恶化”，与选项A含义一致。故选A。
D
Fr mst muntaineers, sme level f altitude (海拔) sickness is unavidable. But native highlanders living n the Tibetan Plateau, knwn as Sherpas, have inhabited the high Himalaya lng enugh t have an evlutinary (进化的) edge at bearing altitude cmpared with lwlanders brn and raised farther dwn. Fr a study in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences USA, researchers cmpared Sherpa and lwlander bld samples (样本) during a Himalayan hike t investigate the Sherpas’ aptitude fr altitude — and they fund a crucial clue in the kidney (肾脏).
The thinner atmsphere up high can lead t hypxia, a dangerus lack f xygen. Hypxic peple breathe faster t bring mre xygen int their lungs. But extra breathing als empties the lungs f mre carbn dixide (二氧化碳) than usual, which in turn reduces the prductin f carbnic acid in the bld. And even tiny changes in acidity risk damaging the prteins that keep ur cells functining. Once bld acidity shifts, “the nly thing that can fix it is the kidneys,” says study c-authr Trevr Day, a physilgist at Munt Ryal University in Alberta.
T examine highlanders’ bld acidity at altitude, Day and his clleagues enlisted 14 Sherpas and 15 lwlanders frm amng university students in Kathmandu, Nepal, and ran initial bld tests at 4,200 feet. Next came a nine-day jurney t 14,000 feet t take anther bld sample. The lwlanders’ bld became mre basic as they climbed higher, but Sherpas’ bld acidity didn’t change; their kidneys’ cleaning actin adjusted the basic and acidic ins. The Sherpas’ imprved bld-acidity adjustment is mst likely frm everlasting differences between highlander and lwlander kidneys, the researchers say. Tgether, these findings highlight the kidneys as unsung heres during hypxia.
These results add t earlier findings that Sherpas have mre bld plasma than ther peple. This watery liquid thins their bld s it can flw faster and deliver xygen thrughut the bdy mre quickly. The researchers stressed the kidney as a key fcus fr future research n the effects f high altitude.
12. What is the difference between Sherpas and lwlanders in paragraph 1?
A. Lwlanders’ bld samples indicate they are better at hiking.
B. Sherpas are mre interested in muntaineering than lwlanders.
C. Lwlanders get a disease in kidney at high altitude mre easily.
D. Sherpas have an evlutinary advantage in standing high altitude.
13. What is the ptential harm f tiny changes in bld acidity?
A. Speeding up the breathing rate.
B. Reducing the prductin f carbnic acid.
C. Increasing the amunt f xygen in the lungs.
D. harming the prteins essential fr cellular functin.
14. What rle d kidneys play in hypxia?
A. They can prduce mre bld.
B. They can balance basic and acidic ins.
C. They can make peple absrb mre xygen.
D. They can drive lungs t send ut carbn dixide.
15. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. Cmparing Sherpas with lwlanders.
B. The bld acidity cntrl at high altitude.
C. Sherpas’ adaptive features t high altitude.
D. The kidney research n high-altitude sickness.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比研究，揭示了夏尔巴人适应高海拔环境的关键在于其肾脏能有效调节血液酸碱度，进化优势使他们在高原缺氧条件下能维持身体机能。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第1段中“But native highlanders living n the Tibetan Plateau, knwn as Sherpas, have inhabited the high Himalaya lng enugh t have an evlutinary edge at bearing altitude cmpared with lwlanders brn and raised farther dwn.(但生活在青藏高原的本土高地居民夏尔巴人，在喜马拉雅高海拔地区居住的时间足够长，与在低海拔地区出生长大的人相比，他们在承受高海拔方面拥有进化上的优势)”可知，夏尔巴人在适应高海拔方面有进化上的优势。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第2段中“And even tiny changes in acidity risk damaging the prteins that keep ur cells functining.(即使是酸度的微小变化，也有可能损害维持我们细胞正常运作的蛋白质)”可知，血液酸度的微小变化可能会损害对细胞功能至关重要的蛋白质。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第3段中“The lwlanders’ bld became mre basic as they climbed higher, but Sherpas’ bld acidity didn’t change; their kidneys’ cleaning actin adjusted the basic and acidic ins.(低海拔人群的血液在登高后变得更偏碱性，但夏尔巴人的血液酸碱度没有变化；他们肾脏的净化作用调节了碱性和酸性离子)”可知，在缺氧环境中，肾脏的作用是平衡碱性和酸性离子。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第1段中“Fr a study in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences USA, researchers cmpared Sherpa and lwlander bld samples (样本) during a Himalayan hike t investigate the Sherpas’ aptitude fr altitude — and they fund a crucial clue in the kidney (肾脏). (在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究中，研究人员在喜马拉雅山徒步旅行期间对夏尔巴人和非夏尔巴人的血液样本进行了对比，以探究夏尔巴人适应高海拔环境的能力——他们发现关键线索就在肾脏之中)”、第3段中“The Sherpas’ imprved bld-acidity adjustment is mst likely frm everlasting differences between highlander and lwlander kidneys, the researchers say.(研究人员表示，夏尔巴人血液酸碱度调节能力的增强，很可能是由于高原居民和低地居民肾脏之间存在的长期差异所致)”以及第4段中“These results add t earlier findings that Sherpas have mre bld plasma than ther peple.(这些研究结果补充了此前的发现，即夏尔巴人比其他人拥有更多的血浆)”可知，文章主要介绍了夏尔巴人适应高海拔的各项身体特征。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What if there was a kind f fd that tasted delicius, came in thusands f varieties, culd be eaten raw r cked in an endless number f ways, and helped prevent mst f the majr diseases killing Australians? Well, this kind f fd des exist — it’s fruits and vegetables! ____16____ The Australian Dietary Guidelines currently recmmend tw servings f fruits and at least three servings f vegetables each day.
____17____ S we asked a few experts t address sme f the reasns peple cite fr aviding prduce, and then t suggest ways t vercme them.
“They’re t expensive.”
“One barrier is the perishability (易腐性) f fruits and vegetables,” says Lauren M. Sctt. “Peple think fruits and vegetables cst t much because they bught them but then the prduce went bad and they had t thrw them ut.” ____18____ A quick price cmparisn check shws that a bag f ppular ptat chips csts arund $25 a kil. N apple r range csts that much. If yu find yur schedule is t unpredictable and yur vegetables are rtting befre cking, try either buying small amunts f prduce mre frequently r string enugh frzen fruits and veggies.
“They dn’t taste gd.”
“It’s nt necessarily that yu dn’t like a specific fruit r vegetable. Yu just dn’t knw hw yu like it,” says Sctt. Fr example, think abut beetrt — yu can have it cked, in a salad, r n a burger. If yu dn’t like smething prepared ne way, find a different way t prepare it. ____19____
“It takes t much time.”
____20____ Nt nly can yu buy canned r frzen vegetables that are already cut and washed, but yu can buy fresh fruits and vegetables that way, t. Mst supermarkets nw ffer a large range f cleaned, cut and chpped prduce.
A. Peple were frced t eat certain vegetables as children.
B. Given their imprtance, hw much shuld we actually eat?
C. Plenty f peple have grwn up never eating healthy fds.
D. It’s easy t find new recipes by ding a quick nline search.
E. This excuse may have nce been reasnable, but nt anymre.
F. But prper planning and strage can prevent fd and mney waste.
G. Hwever, fruits and vegetables are actually nt expensive relative t ther fds.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以蔬菜水果的诸多益处引入，提出人们应摄入的推荐量，并针对人们不愿食用蔬果的几种常见借口——“太贵”、“不好吃”和“太费时”，逐一进行反驳并给出实用性建议。
【16题详解】
上文“What if there was a kind f fd that tasted delicius, came in thusands f varieties, culd be eaten raw r cked in an endless number f ways, and helped prevent mst f the majr diseases killing Australians? Well, this kind f fd des exist — it’s fruits and vegetables! (如果有这样一种食物，它美味可口、种类繁多、可生食也可用无数方法烹饪，还能帮助预防导致澳大利亚人死亡的大多数主要疾病，会怎么样？嗯，这种食物确实存在——那就是水果和蔬菜！)”以设问和解答的方式强调了水果蔬菜的诸多好处。B选项“Given their imprtance, hw much shuld we actually eat? (鉴于它们如此重要，我们实际上应该吃多少呢？)”承上启下，在上文铺垫其重要性后，自然引出关于具体食用量的问题，并顺畅地过渡到下文给出的官方膳食指南“The Australian Dietary Guidelines currently recmmend tw servings f fruits and at least three servings f vegetables each day.(澳大利亚膳食指南目前建议每天食用两份水果和至少三份蔬菜)”。故选B项。
【17题详解】
下文“S we asked a few experts t address sme f the reasns peple cite fr aviding prduce, and then t suggest ways t vercme them. (因此我们询问了几位专家，让他们就人们提出的不吃农产品的某些原因进行解释，并给出克服这些原因的方法)”设空句构成因果关系，开始寻找人们回避蔬果的理由和其解决方案。C选项“Plenty f peple have grwn up never eating healthy fds. (许多人从小到大饮食从来都不健康)”提出“许多人从小到大饮食都不健康”这一普遍的社会现象，是下文作者开始寻找理由和解决问题办法的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“One barrier is the perishability (易腐性) f fruits and vegetables,” says Lauren M. Sctt. “Peple think fruits and vegetables cst t much because they bught them but then the prduce went bad and they had t thrw them ut.” (“一个障碍是水果和蔬菜的易腐性，”劳伦·M·斯科特说，“人们认为水果和蔬菜太贵了，因为他们买了，但农产品后来坏了，他们不得不扔掉。”)”引出了“太贵”这一借口及其背后的原因——易腐性导致的浪费。F选项“But prper planning and strage can prevent fd and mney waste. (但合理的规划和储存可以防止食物和金钱的浪费)”与上文构成转折关系，针对上文提到的“坏掉、扔掉”问题，直接提出了通过规划和储存来避免浪费这一解决思路，与下文给出的具体建议(少量多次购买、冷冻储存)紧密衔接。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“If yu dn’t like smething prepared ne way, find a different way t prepare it. (如果你不喜欢某种食物的某一种做法，那就换一种做法)”提出了一个核心建议：尝试不同的烹饪或准备方法。D选项“It’s easy t find new recipes by ding a quick nline search. (通过快速在线搜索，很容易找到新的食谱)”承接上文，具体说明了如何实现“find a different way”，即通过网络搜索食谱，为前文的建议提供了便捷可行的操作路径，语意连贯。故选D项。
【20题详解】
下文“Nt nly can yu buy canned r frzen vegetables that are already cut and washed, but yu can buy fresh fruits and vegetables that way, t. Mst supermarkets nw ffer a large range f cleaned, cut and chpped prduce. (你不仅可以买到已经切好、洗好的罐装或冷冻蔬菜，还可以买到同样处理好的新鲜水果和蔬菜。大多数超市现在都提供大量清洗、切割和切碎的农产品)”详细列举了如今市场上各类方便快捷的新鲜蔬果产品，以此说明准备蔬果已经变得省时省力。E选项“This excuse may have nce been reasnable, but nt anymre. (这个借口可能曾经是合理的，但现在不再成立了)”作为段首句，直接针对小标题“It takes t much time. (太费时间了)” 这一借口进行总体评价，并通过“but nt anymre”引出下文关于如今情况已改变的具体事实依据，上下文形成“总评-分述”的逻辑关系。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
It might sund strange, cnsidering I make my living n televisin, but in my persnal life, I shy away frm the sptlight. That is why I tried my best t ____21____ my wife, Debrah Rberts, nt t thrw a party fr my birthday last August. But I knew I culdn’t stp her. The truth was that I was feeling a little ____22____ abut turning 70. My dad never made it t this age. He ____23____ at 69. Dad was my rle mdel and inspiratin fr being a gd husband and father. He wuld say simply, “There are n ____24____ t hw much yu can lve.”
Nearing my dad’s age upset me, especially because I t almst didn’t make it t 70. In Nvember 2022, after feeling breathless walking upstairs, scans ____25____ bld clts (血块) in my lungs and leg. “We’ve gt t ____26____ yu t the hspital,” my dctr said. Debrah immediately ____27____ frm Eurpe t be at my side. Cmplicatins (并发症) led t internal bleeding, and ____28____ briefly cming hme fr Thanksgiving — ____29____ hsting the Macy’s parade fr the first time in 27 years — I was rushed back. ____30____, an eight-hur surgery was perfrmed.
During my ____31____, I realized: “Dn’t take yur blessings fr granted.” My family — Debrah, Leila, Nick, and Curtney — each ____32____ me uniquely. Clleagues like Hda Ktb ____33____ s ften that peple thught she was hspital staff.
When I finally came hme and Debrah’s ____34____ party arrived with 150 friends and family, I understd: it ____35____ nt just me, but the lve surrunding us. As I held Debrah clse while we danced, I remembered Dad’s wrds — there are n limits t lve. I felt it all arund me.
21. A. encurageB. persuadeC. begD. urge
22. A. embarrassedB. depressedC. astnishedD. annyed
23. A. passed awayB. mved awayC. shwed upD. brke dwn
24. A. meansB. skillsC. limitsD. demands
25. A. revealedB. emphasizedC. assumedD. patterned
26. A. appintB. admitC. inviteD. drive
27. A. heardB. escapedC. returnedD. separated
28. A. byB. withutC. regardingD. despite
29. A. avidingB. appreciatingC. missingD. delaying
30. A. EventuallyB. RepeatedlyC. SurprisinglyD. Obviusly
31. A. waitB. recveryC. departureD. hliday
32. A. defendedB. suspectedC. recalledD. supprted
33. A. behavedB. calledC. visitedD. guided
34. A. surpriseB. graduatinC. prmtinD. wedding
35. A. btheredB. cnvincedC. transfrmedD. celebrated
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因健康危机而错过重要活动，但在家人和同事的支持下康复，并在70岁生日派对上深刻体会到父亲关于“爱无限”的教诲。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么去年8月我尽最大努力劝说我的妻子黛博拉·罗伯茨不要为我的生日举办派对。A. encurage鼓励；B. persuade劝说；C. beg恳求；D. urge催促。根据前文“in my persnal life, I shy away frm the sptlight.(在我的个人生活中，我避开聚光灯)”以及后文“But I knew I culdn’t stp her.(但我知道我阻止不了她)”可知，作者因不喜聚光灯，尝试劝说妻子放弃办派对，并非程度更强的“恳求”，persuade贴合语境。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实是，我对即将年满70岁感到有点沮丧。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. astnished惊讶的；D. annyed恼怒的。根据后文“My dad never made it t this age. He ____ at 69.(我父亲从未活到这个年纪，他69岁就……了)”可知，父亲没活到70岁，作者因此心生低落。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他69岁就去世了。A. passed away去世；B. mved away搬走；C. shwed up出现；D. brke dwn出故障/崩溃。根据前文“My dad never made it t this age.(我父亲从未活到这个年纪)”可知，此处指父亲69岁离世。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会简单地说：“你能付出的爱是没有极限的。”A. means方式；B. skills技能；C. limits极限；D. demands要求。根据文末“I remembered Dad’s wrds — there are n limits t lve.(我想起了父亲的话——爱没有极限)”可知，此处是父亲话语的原词复现。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年11月，在上楼时感到气喘吁吁后，扫描结果显示我的肺部和腿部有血块。A. revealed显示；B. emphasized强调；C. assumed假设；D. patterned模仿。根据“scans(扫描)”与“bld clts(血块)”的逻辑搭配，扫描结果的作用是显示身体病症。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们得收治你入院，”我的医生说。A. appint任命；B. admit收治；C. invite邀请；D. drive开车送。根据前文“In Nvember 2022, after feeling breathless walking upstairs, scans ____ bld clts in my lungs and leg.(2022年11月，在上楼时感到气喘吁吁后，扫描结果……我的肺部和腿部有血块)”可知，作者肺部和腿部发现血块，病情危急，医生的专业表述应是“收治”其入院治疗，admit在此处为医疗常用义“收治入院”。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：黛博拉立即从欧洲赶回我身边。A. heard听说；B. escaped逃跑；C. returned返回；D. separated分开。根据后文“frm Eurpe(从欧洲)”和“be at my side(在我身边)”的语境可知，妻子得知作者病重后从欧洲返回陪伴。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：并发症导致内出血，尽管我短暂回家过感恩节——这是我27年来首次没能主持梅西感恩节大游行——我还是被紧急送回医院。A. by通过；B. withut没有；C. regarding关于；D. despite尽管。根据后文“briefly cming hme fr Thanksgiving(短暂回家过感恩节)”和“I was rushed back(我被紧急送回医院)”的语义转折可知，此处表让步，用despite符合逻辑。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：并发症导致内出血，尽管我短暂回家过感恩节——这是我27年来首次没能主持梅西感恩节大游行——我还是被紧急送回医院。A. aviding避免；B. appreciating欣赏；C. missing错过；D. delaying推迟。根据前文“I was rushed back(我被紧急送回医院)”可知，作者因病情反复无法主持游行，因此是错过该活动。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，一场8小时的手术进行了。A. Eventually最终；B. Repeatedly反复地；C. Surprisingly惊讶地；D. Obviusly明显地。根据前文“Cmplicatins led t internal bleeding(并发症导致内出血)”和“I was rushed back(我被紧急送回医院)”可知，作者病情几经波折，最终进行了八小时的手术，eventually贴合这一过程。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的康复期间，我意识到：“不要把你的幸福视为理所当然。”A. wait等待；B. recvery康复；C. departure离开；D. hliday假期。根据前文“____, an eight-hur surgery was perfrmed. (……，一场8小时的手术进行了)”可知，作者经历了大型手术，此处指术后的康复阶段。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人——黛博拉、莱拉、尼克和考特尼——每个人都以独特的方式支持我。A. defended保卫；B. suspected怀疑；C. recalled回忆；D. supprted支持。根据前文“____, an eight-hur surgery was perfrme D. (……，一场8小时的手术进行了)”以及后文“Clleagues like Hda Ktb ____ s ften that peple thught she was hspital staff.(像霍达·科特布这样的同事经常来……我，以至于人们以为她是医院工作人员)”可知，作者病重手术期间，家人始终陪伴，以独特的方式给予其支持。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像霍达·科特布这样的同事经常来看望我，以至于人们以为她是医院工作人员。A. behaved表现；B. called打电话；C. visited看望；D. guided指导。根据“peple thught she was hspital staff(人们以为她是医院工作人员)”可知，同事因频繁来医院看望作者，才被误认为是医院工作人员。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我终于回家，黛博拉的惊喜派对带着150位亲友到来时，我明白了。A. surprise惊喜；B. graduatin毕业；C. prmtin晋升；D. wedding婚礼。根据前文“That is why I tried my best t ____ my wife, Debrah Rberts, nt t thrw a party fr my birthday last August.(这就是为什么去年8月我尽最大努力……我的妻子黛博拉·罗伯茨不要为我的生日举办派对)”可知，作者此前极力劝说妻子不办生日派对，而妻子依旧悄悄准备了派对，因此这是一场惊喜派对。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它不仅庆祝我，也庆祝围绕着我们的爱。A. bthered打扰；B. cnvinced说服；C. transfrmed改变；D. celebrated庆祝。根据前文“Debrah’s ____ party arrived with 150 friends and family(黛博拉的……派对如期而至，来了150位亲友)”的生日派对语境可知，派对的核心意义是庆祝，既庆祝作者的70岁生日，也庆祝萦绕在作者身边的爱。故选D。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1981, Karl was struck by a sea f bicycles when he was in Beijing. The city streets were defined mre by ____36____ (simple) than speed.
Returning t the Chinese capital last week, Karl, ____37____ Eurpean frm Berlin, described the results f the transfrmatin as almst unrecgnizable.
Such ____38____ (sweep) change is n accident, the 70-year-ld said. While many factrs have fueled China’s ecnmic success, lng-term planning ____39____ a gvernance mdel cmbining strategic five-year develpment ____40____ (plan) with flexible adjustments remain amng the key drivers.
Pabl Iglesias Turrin, frmer Spanish deputy prime minister, said that China’s steady transfrmatin is clsely linked t the gverning philsphy ____41____ (reflect) in Xi Jinping: The Gvernance f China. Since its first vlume ____42____ (publish) in 2014, the series has been translated int mre than 40 languages, reaching ver 180 cuntries and regins. Iglesias said he is still wrking his way thrugh the bks and has clsely fllwed China’s plicy decisins, ____43____, he is cnvinced, are reshaping glbal dynamics.
While n planning system is perfect, Iglesias argued that China’s mdel has prved t be stable and ____44____ (effect), particularly cmpared with what he described as the United States’ tendency t priritize the interests f the wealthy elite. Many plicymakers frm ther cuntries are trying t learn as much as they can ____45____ China’s psitive experience.
【答案】36. simplicity 37. a 38. sweeping 39. and 40. plans 41. reflected 42. was published 43. which 44. effective 45. frm
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过Karl和Pabl Iglesias Turrin的视角，描述了中国自1981年以来的巨大变化，并探讨了这种变化背后的原因，强调了中国长期规划和治理模型的有效性。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：城市街道的特点与其说是速度，不如说是简单。提示词作介词宾语。用名词形式simplicity，意为“简单，朴素”，不可数名词。故填simplicity。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：上周回到中国首都时，来自柏林的这位欧洲人Karl称这种转变的结果几乎让人认不出来。Eurpean是可数名词单数，泛指“一个欧洲人”，且其发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这位70岁的老人说，这种彻底的改变并非偶然。提示词修饰名词change，用形容词形式sweeping作定语，意为“彻底的、全面的”。故填sweeping。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然许多因素推动了中国经济的成功，但长期规划和一种将战略性的五年发展计划与灵活调整相结合的治理模式仍然是关键驱动因素。“lng-term planning”与“a gvernance mdel”是并列关系，作主语，用连词and连接。故填and。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：虽然许多因素推动了中国经济的成功，但长期规划和一种将战略性的五年发展计划与灵活调整相结合的治理模式仍然是关键驱动因素。plan是可数名词，根据语境，这里泛指所有“五年发展计划”，用复数形式。故填plans。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：西班牙前副首相巴勃罗•伊格莱西亚斯•图里翁表示，中国的稳步转型与《习近平谈治国理政》中所体现的治国理念密切相关。空格处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词philsphy，reflect(体现)与其逻辑主语philsphy是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填reflected。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自2014年第一卷出版以来，该系列已被翻译成40多种语言，覆盖180多个国家和地区。publish(出版)是从句谓语动词，与主语its first vlume之间是被动关系，由时间状语“2014”可知，讲述过去的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was published。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：伊格莱西亚斯说，他仍在研读这些书籍，并密切关注中国的政策决策，他相信这些决策正在重塑全球动态。分析句子结构可知，“____ he is cnvinced, are reshaping glbal dynamics”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词plicy decisins，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然没有一个规划体系是完美的，但伊格莱西亚斯认为，中国的模式已经被证明是稳定和有效的，特别是与他所说的美国倾向于优先考虑富裕精英的利益相比。提示词与形容词stable并列作表语，用形容词形式effective，意为“有效的”。故填effective。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多其他国家的政策制定者正试图尽可能多地学习中国的积极经验。learn frm是固定短语，意为“向……学习”。故填frm。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 近日，不少学校引入AI赋能教学和学习。你校英文报正在开展以“AI Assistants in High Schl Educatin”为主题的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 你的体验和感受；
2. 你的观点和看法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
AI Assistants in High Schl Educatin
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【答案】
AI Assistants in High Schl Educatin
This semester, ur schl intrduced AI learning assistants, and my experience with them has been truly psitive. Once I struggled with math prblem-slving, but the AI assistant patiently brke dwn cmplex steps fr me, adapting t my pace until I fully understd. It als tailred persnalized exercise plans based n my weak pints, making my study mre efficient.
In my view, AI assistants are pwerful cmplements t traditinal teaching. They ffer targeted supprt that teachers can’t always prvide t every student individually. Hwever, we shuldn’t rely n them cmpletely. Face-t-face interactins with teachers and peers are irreplaceable fr cultivating critical thinking and cmmunicatin skills. Used prperly, AI can definitely bst ur learning jurney.
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“And that’s why I think I’d be gd fr this jb,” I finished typing, and then I smiled befre remembering that my ptential emplyer culd nt see me. We were talking nline, via scial media. We had nt met in persn yet. But frm what I had read f her requirements fr a persnal assistant, I knew I wanted the psitin. She even had a little dg wh had the final say n any applicants. “Yur puppy sunds s cute,” I added. “I lve dgs.” Then, I started t wrry that typing that was t much at this early stage and mved my fingers away frm the keys, stpping myself frm adding anything mre.
The bubbles appeared n screen, shwing that the lady was typing smething in respnse, when there was an urgent knck at the frnt dr. I heard my neighbr’s call. She sunded upset. I hurried dwnstairs, answered the dr and asked, “What’s ging n?” My neighbur clutched (紧紧抓住) her little dg. Tears were streaming dwn her cheeks. “We were attacked,” she wept. “Big dg. It bit Marley.” Marley was quiet in her arms but alert. Thankfully, there was nt much bld. “Are yu kay?” I asked. She ndded shakily. “Yes. It didn’t g fr me. But Marley is hurt.” “Okay. Then let’s take Marley t the vet’s.”
I tk the stairs tw at a time. I was suppsed t be in the middle f an interview. There was mre writing frm my ptential emplyer n the screen, but I tk n time t read it. I quickly wrte: “S srry. Have t g. Neighbur’s dg hurt, taking t vet’s.” I clicked send and did nt wait fr an answer, just snatched my bag and ran back dwnstairs.
The trip t the veterinary hspital was quiet. My neighbur silently wept in the frnt passenger seat while I drve and tried t cmfrt Marley. He made n nise, just quietly shivering (颤抖), and lked at me with his hpeless, black eyes. A brken frnt leg was the diagnsis (诊断). And shck. After sme treatment, it was determined that Marley was well enugh t take hme.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
It was midnight when we gt back.
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But, as I scrlled (滚动) thrugh the messages, I culd see she was still nline.
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【答案】
It was midnight when we gt back. I helped my neighbr settle Marley n a sft cushin, fetching warm water and the vet’s medicatin. Her eyes brimmed with gratitude as she thanked me repeatedly, her vice still shaky frm the day’s panic. Exhausted, I trudged back hme, my mind racing with wrry abut the abandned interview. Wuld the emplyer think I was irrespnsible? I hesitated befre pening the chat, dreading the wrst — maybe a cld rejectin r n reply at all.
But, as I scrlled thrugh the messages, I culd see she was still nline. My heart sank as I clicked the chat bx, nly t gasp at her wrds: “Yur kindness t Marley says mre than any interview. A persnal assistant needs empathy abve all, and yu’ve prven that.” She added a pht f her wn puppy, asking hw Marley was faring. Overjyed, I shared updates abut the little dg, and we sn restarted the interview. By dawn, I’d landed the jb — prf that ding the right thing, even when it’s unplanned, always pays ff.