牛津译林版 (2020)Unit 1 Nature in the balanceReading课文内容ppt课件

这是一份牛津译林版 (2020)Unit 1 Nature in the balanceReading课文内容ppt课件
Unit 1 The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasureLanguage points Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.欢迎来到这片丛林，这是一片生机盎然、处处可闻动物声响的绿色海洋。这便是亚马孙雨林。作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡方面发挥着至关重要的作用。‌‌1. Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.(L1-L2)欢迎来到亚马逊森林，这是一片绿色的海洋。 a sea of: a large amount of sth. 大片的，成片的 e.g. He looked down and saw a sea of smiling faces. 他往下看，看到一张张笑脸。(be) alive with: be full of or covered with 充满，到处是(活的或动的东西) e.g. The pond was alive with frogs. 池塘里都是青蛙。 The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.亚马孙雨林横跨南美洲大陆的八个国家，包括巴西和秘鲁，以及一块法国的海外领地。其面积约为600万平方公里，超过中国国土面积的一半。 The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the YangtzeRiver. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.雨林得名于亚马孙河，该河长约6400公里，比长江长约100公里。这条河流从高山流向海洋，沿途滋养了多种不同的生态系统，赋予了这片区域地球上最丰富的生物多样性：全世界十分之一的已知物种都可以在此找到。‌2. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.(L2-L3)作为世界上最大的雨林, 它在保护地球生态系统平衡方面扮演了重要的作用。play a role in doing sth 在……方面扮演了重要的角色e.g. Hard work plays a significant role in achieving success.努力在获得成功方面扮演了重要的角色。3. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.(L5-L7) 亚马孙雨林面积约六百万平方千米，是中国国土面积的一半以上。 ......roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze river. 大体上比长江还长一百千米。 倍数的表达方法： A be + 倍数+the height/weight/length/size...of B The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的体积是月球的49倍。 This classroom is three times the width of that one. 这间教室是那间教室的三倍宽。② A be +倍数+as +adj/adv+as B The table is four times as long as that one . 这张桌子是那张的四倍长。③ A be +倍数 adj/adv比较级+than B A比B....几倍 China is 96 times larger than Korea. 中国比韩国大96倍。 4. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length — roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.(L7-L9) 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河, 亚马孙河长接近6400千米, 比长江还长约100千米。此句是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行项和非限制性定语从句之间用逗号隔开。Prep. + relative pronouns (which/whom/whom)The woman__________ you spoke is a teacher.The city __________ he lives is far away.This is Mr Green, _________ factory my father used to work.to whomin whichin whose5. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.（L10-L11）这些生态系统给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的生物多样性：世界上十个已知物种中就有一个可以在这里找到。biodiversity n. 生物多样性bio- : 生物的；与生物相关的e.g. biochemist 生(物)化学家 biophysics 生物物理学 bioengineering 生物工程 Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. 在人类已知的 39 万种植物中，有超过 4 万种能在亚马孙地区找到。这种高大古老的巴西坚果树结出的坚果可供人类食用，而这些玉莲的叶片大到能让人躺在上面。雨林的不同层次孕育着种类繁多、令人惊叹的野生生物。 Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above theground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. 最底层是地下交错的根系，往上是阴暗林地上堆积的落叶层，再上一层生长着叶片硕大的低矮植物，接着是高耸入云的古老硬木树，最顶端则是高出地面数十米的参天树冠。雨林的每一个层次都形成了独属自己的小世界，成为各类生物的栖息之所。6. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.(L14-L15) 雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。variety n. (同一事物的)不同种类, 多种式样 a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的 [U] n.变化; 多样性; 多变性 e.g. We all need variety in our diet.【链接】vary v. 使某事物有变化, 改变某事物；相异, 不同, 有别vary in ... 在……方面不同vary with 随着……而变化vary from … to …/vary between ... and ...由……到……情况不等various adj. 各种各样的, 不同的【语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。1) 这些花的颜色和大小都不相同，但它们都很漂亮。 The flowers ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ but all of them are beautiful.2) 这家宾馆每个房间的费用由20美元到30美元不等。 The charge for a room in this hotel ________ ________ $20 ________ $30.vary in colour and size varies betweenand7. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(L16)之上是黑暗森林地面上的大量落叶。介词短语above that放句首，句子用完全倒装。这样可以保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密。e.g. Among these people _______ (be) his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。ismass n. 团, 块, 堆 大量; 许多 (常指混乱的)一群; 一堆【搭配】 a mass of / masses of 大量，许多 the mass of … ……中的大多数 the masses 群众 mass adj. 大批的, 广泛的 e.g. mass unemployment 大批失业 mass production 批量生产8. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.(L19-L20) 雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，是各种生物的家园。 living adj. 活着的；活的 e.g. the finest living pianist 当世的最杰出的钢琴家 在使用的; 在实施的 e.g. living languages 现用语言n. 生计; 谋生; 收入e.g. What do you do for a living? 你靠什么谋生？ 生活方式e.g. everyday living 日常生活 lively/alive/livealive adj. 活着的 常作表语、后置定语或补语 His grandparents are still alive. （表语） Who is the greatest poet alive? （后置定语） In the end, two brave soldiers caught the enemy general alive.（宾补）lively adj. 活泼的, 活跃的, 生动的 作定语或表语 They fell into a lively discussion of the question. Her story about her life in Africa was lively and interesting.live v. 居住；过……的生活 adj. 活的 与dead相对, 一般只作定语 adj. & adv. 现场直播，现场表演e.g. The couple are living a peaceful life in the countryside.This is a live tiger. Don’t get too close to it.The club has live music most nights.If the match is broadcast live on CCTV 5, we needn’t go to the stadium. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain. 超过 1300 种鸟类与 400 余种哺乳动物隐匿在这片丛林的植被之中，美洲豹便是其中之一。它有着黄褐色的皮毛，点缀着黑色斑纹。尽管仍有数量可观的美洲豹在此繁衍生息，它们也只是这片雨林食物链中的一环。 They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.美洲豹的猎物至少有 87 种，蛙类也在其中。而这些蛙类又以取食枝叶与果实的昆虫为食。当一只美洲豹离世后，成群的微生物会将其躯体分解，让养分重归大地。9. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain.(L23-L24) 尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存, 但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。 survive v. 生存; 存活, 继续存在 e.g. Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 幸存; 幸免于难; 艰难度过 e.g. The company managed to survive the crisis.v. 比……活(或存在)的时间长e.g. She survived her husband by six years.10. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. (L26-L27) 相应地, 这些青蛙以昆虫为食, 而昆虫则吃树叶和水果。 in turn: 相应地, 转而, 反过来 e.g. Increased production will, in turn, lead to increased profits. e.g. The children called out their names in turn. 依次【拓展】 in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着 take turns to do sth./ (in) doing sth. 轮流做某事 It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 e.g. It will be in Tom’s turn to be on duty tomorrow. We take turns making/to make dinner. It's your turn to clean the blackboard. by turns 交替; 轮流 (多指两个人或两个行为之间的交 替进行)【语境应用】完成句子。 1) It’s my turn _________ (deliver) a speech in public. 2) They took care of their sick father ______ turns. 3) Thus they have, ________________ (接着), become the most important animals on the planet. 4) People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this ____________ (反过来) creates more problems.to deliverbyin their turnin turn11. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.(L27-L29)当一只美洲豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助它分解身体，并将营养物质返回土壤。1. break down: 使(分解)为; 使(变化)成e.g. Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach. 糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。2.(机器或车辆)故障; 坏掉e.g. The telephone system has broken down.3.失败e.g. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.4.被搞垮; 跨掉e.g. Her health broke down under the pressure of work.5.破坏, 消除(尤指某种感情或态度)e.g. break down sb.’s shyness 驱除某人的胆怯 The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the "lungs ofthe planet". Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. 亚马孙雨林通过固碳作用为地球孕育生机，还制造出了地球超过 20% 的氧气，因此它常被称作 “地球之肺”。此外，亚马孙雨林还是一座物种宝库，这里的物种可被开发为食物或药用资源。 Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet"?然而，这些无可替代的动植物正面临一个重大威胁 —— 人类。在过去 50 年间，受农业耕种、畜牧业养殖等人类活动影响，约 17% 的雨林已消失不见。随着人类活动的影响不断加剧，濒临灭绝的物种名录越来越长，一个问题摆在了我们面前：我们真的能承受破坏这颗 “地球之肺” 的后果吗？12. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”?(L35-L38)随着人类活动的影响不断增加， 濒危物种的名单越来越长， 这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？【句子结构分析】 as引导时间状语从句。从句中and连接两个并列句。impact n. 作用, 影响 have an impact on sb./sth 对……有影响e.g. the environmental impact of tourism 撞击, 冲撞e.g. The impact of the blow knocked Jack off balance.v. 有影响, 有作用;冲击impact on/upon 对……产生影响e.g. Her father's death impacted greatly on her childhood years.damage n.(常与to连用) (有形的) 损害, 破坏, 损失e.g. The accident did a lot of damage to the car. (常与to连用)损害; 伤害e.g. The damage to the bank is extremely serious. (常用复数形式)(法院判定的)损害赔偿金e.g. He was ordered to pay $1,500 damages to the person he had hurt. v. 损害,伤害,毁坏,破坏e.g. Many buildings were badly damaged by the fire. Smoking seriously damages your health. be home to... (Title)a wide range of (Title)judge from (Title)a huge sea of (L1)(be) alive with (L1)play a ... role in (L2)in length/width (L8)be made up of (L17)living things (L20)a ... number of (L23)是……的家园/所在地各种各样的从……判断大量的，大片的充满；到处都是在……中起到……作用长度/宽度(是……)有……组成生物许多，大量11.feed on (L24)12.in turn (L26)13.an army of (L27)14.break down (L28)15.breathe life into (L30)16.be used for (L33)17.due to (L35)18.in danger of extinction(L36)19.be left with (L37)20.afford to do (L37)以……为食相应的；转而一群；一批使分解(为……)给……带来起色/注入活力被用来……因为；由于有灭绝的危险被留下…负担得起做……Thank you!