北京市房山区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 含解析

这是一份北京市房山区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 含解析，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分, 共15分)， A， in 13等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共10页，共100分。时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节, 30分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
N ne is brn a winner. Peple make themselves int winners by their wn effrts.
Many years ag, I tk the head ___1___ jb at a schl in Baxley, Gergia. It was a small schl with a weak ftball prgram.
It was a traditin fr the schl’s ld team t ___2___ against the new team at the end f spring practice. The ld team had n cach, and they didn’t even prepare fr the game. Being the cach f the new team, I was excited because I knew we were ging t ___3___, but t my disappintment we were defeated. Thinking hard abut this bad situatin, I came t realize that my team members were ___4___ me. I had t change my attitude abut their ability and ptential.
I started helping them build a little ___5___. Mst imprtantly, I began t treat them like winners. That summer, when the ther teams enjyed their vacatins, we met every day and ___6___ passing and kicking the ftball.
Six mnths after suffering ur defeat n the spring practice field, we wn ur first game and ur secnd, and cntinued t ___7___. Finally, my bys beat the best team in Gergia, giving me a sudden feeling f great ___8___!
Frm the experience I learned a lt abut hw the attitude f the leader can affect the members f a team. Instead f seeing my bys as lsers, I pushed and ___9___ them. I helped them t see themselves ____10____, and they built themselves int winners.
1. A. peratingB. editingC. cnsultingD. caching
2 A. playB. guardC. prtectD. infrm
3. A. fightB. attendC. winD. act
4. A. reacting tB. lking frC. depending nD. caring abut
5. A. prideB. cultureC. frtuneD. relatinship
6. A. riskedB. missedC. cnsideredD. practised
7. A. relaxB. imprveC. expandD. defend
8. A. sadnessB. excitementC. curisityD. fear
9. A. encuragedB. bservedC. testedD. impressed
10. A. hnestlyB. individuallyC. calmlyD. differently
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在一所足球项目很弱的学校担任教练，一开始遭遇了失败，后来通过改变对队员的态度，不断鼓励队员，最终取得了成功。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年前，我在乔治亚州巴克斯利的一所学校担任主教练。A. perating操作；B. editing编辑；C. cnsulting咨询；D. caching教练。根据下文“Being the cach f the new team,”可知，作者在学校担任的是教练。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校的老队在春季训练结束时与新队比赛是一项传统。A. play玩；比赛；B. guard守卫；C. prtect保护；D. infrm通知。根据“Being the cach f the new team, I was excited because I knew we were ging t ___3___,”可知，此处表示学校新老球队举行传统的比赛对抗。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为新球队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令我失望的是，我们被击败了。A. fight打架；B. attend参加；C. win赢；D. act行动。根据“but t my disappintment we were defeated.”可知，作者以为所带的新球队会赢。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：仔细思考这种糟糕的情况，我开始意识到我的团队成员都依赖我。A. reacting t对……作出反应；B. lking fr寻找；C. depending n依靠；D. caring abut关心。根据“I had t change my attitude abut their ability and ptential.”可知，作者发现队员们对他很依赖。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始帮助他们建立自豪感。A. pride自豪；B. culture文化；C. frtune财富；D. relatinship关系。根据“Mst imprtantly, I began t treat them like winners.”可知，作者要帮助队员们建立自豪感。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那年夏天，当其他球队都在度假时，我们每天都见面，练习传球和踢球。A. risked冒险；B. missed错过；C. cnsidered考虑；D. practised练习。根据“passing and kicking the ftball.”可知，作者带领球员利用假期练习传球和踢球。故选D。
7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在春季训练场上遭受失败的六个月后，我们赢得了第一场比赛和第二场比赛，并继续提高。A. relax放松；B. imprve提高；C. expand扩张；D. defend防御。根据“Finally, my bys beat the best team in Gergia, giving me a sudden feeling f great ___8___!”可知，作者所带领的球队在不断地提高。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的孩子们打败了乔治亚州最好的球队，这让我突然感到非常兴奋！A. sadness悲伤；B. excitement兴奋；C. curisity好奇心；D. fear害怕。根据“Finally, my bys beat the best team in Gergia,”可知，打败了乔治亚州最好的球队，作者很兴奋。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有把我的孩子们看作失败者，而是督促和鼓励他们。A. encuraged鼓励；B. bserved观察；C. tested测试；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据“Instead f seeing my bys as lsers,”可知，作者没有把队员们视为失败者，而是鼓励他们。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己，他们把自己打造成了赢家。A. hnestly诚实地；B. individually个别地；C. calmly冷静地；D. differently不同地。根据“Instead f seeing my bys as lsers, I pushed and ___9___ them.”可知，作者鼓励队员们，帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Flrentijn Hfman is a Dutch artist, whse large sculptures are n display all ver the wrld. One way fr him t find inspiratin is turning t his children’s ___11___ (ty). These bjects have given him ideas fr his animal sculptures, such as the famus Rubber Duck created by him ___12___ 2007. A mre recent wrk f his is the huge Flating Fish, ___13___ was set amng the beautiful landscape f Wuzhen West Scenic Zne.
【答案】11. tys
12. in 13. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰艺术家Flrentijn Hfman从孩子的玩具中获得灵感，并创作了许多大型雕塑，其中包括著名的橡皮鸭和巨大的漂浮鱼。
【11题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他从孩子们的玩具中寻找灵感。空格处前有形容词性物主代词his，空格处应用名词形式；且根据空格前的are可知，应用复数形式。故填tys。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些物品给了他创作动物雕塑的灵感，比如他在2007年创作的著名的橡皮鸭。表示“在某一年”应用介词in。故填in。
【13题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他最近的一幅作品是巨幅的《浮鱼》，这幅画是在乌镇西风景区的美景中创作的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the huge flating Fish，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
B
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
During Darwin’s time, peple believed that all species ___14___ (appear) n Earth at the same time, and had nt changed since. ___15___ Darwin began t think differently. He nticed that sme species f animals were very similar t each ther. Maybe animals evlved as they adapted t ___16___ (they) changing envirnments? It was just an idea. But it was enugh ___17___ (inspire) Darwin t lk fr mre evidence.
【答案】14. had appeared
15. But##Yet
16. their 17. t inspire
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了达尔文时代，人们认为物种同时出现且不变，达尔文观点不同，他认为动物为适应环境而进化，这激励他寻找更多证据。
【14题详解】
考查时态。句意：在达尔文那个时代，人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现在地球上的，而且从那以后就没有变化过。分析句子可知，动词appear发生在过去动作believed之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填 had appeared。
【15题详解】
考查连词。句意：但是达尔文开始有不同的想法。根据前文During Darwin’s time, peple believed that all species ___1___ n Earth at the same time, and had nt changed since.”和后文“Darwin began t think differently.”可知，此处表示转折关系。故填 But/Yet。
【16题详解】
考查代词。句意：也许动物在适应不断变化的环境时进化了？分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词envirnments。故填 their。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但这足以激励达尔文寻找更多的证据。“enugh t d sth”为固定搭配，意为“足够做某事”。故填 t inspire。
C
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
___18___ (sit) back in my seat, I can’t quite believe that I’m abut t travel alng the railway that many freign experts claimed was “impssible”. The train ___19___ (race) alng steadily since it left Xining. All this time, the sng “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. The wrds “railways like massive dragns are winding amng the muntains” seem ___20___ (particular) vivid as I travel acrss the “rf f the wrld”.
【答案】18. Sitting
19. has been racing##has raced
20. particularly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者坐在火车上，穿越“世界屋脊”，心情很激动。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在座位上，我简直不敢相信我即将沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能”的铁路旅行。分析句子可知，这里为非谓语动词在句中作状语，动词sit和主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填Sitting。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：自从离开西宁以来，火车一直稳定地飞驰着。根据“since it left Xining”可知，此处应用现在完成时；也可以用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，并且可能还要继续下去。主语 The train 是第三人称单数，助动词用 has。故填has been racing/has raced。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意：当我穿越“世界屋脊”时，“铁路像巨龙一样在山间蜿蜒”这句话显得格外生动。修饰形容词vivid，应用副词形式。故填particularly。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 38分)
第一节 (共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Due t its status as the lngest-running capital in ancient China, Xi’an has had a deep impact n the life and culture f the cuntry. If yu are planning a tur f Xi’an, yu’ll want t hit all the fllwing highlights.
Terractta Army
Discvered near Lintng, Xi’an, the army f Terractta Warrirs was cnstructed by China’s First Emperr Qinshihuang f the Qin Dynasty. It is a cllectin f thusands f life-size terractta sldiers, hrses and charits in battle frmatin, shwing the emperr’s armies in full splendr.
Xi’an City Wall
Xi’an City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang, the first Emperr f the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system. Nw it is ne f the ldest and best-preserved Chinese city walls. The wall is nw a landmark, dividing the city int inner and uter areas. When yu take a walk r cycle n the massive wall, yu can enjy a gd view f the city, the mat and the watchtwers.
Giant Wild Gse Pagda
The Giant Wild Gse Pagda was built in the Tang Dynasty fr the study f Buddhist scriptures. One f the main functins f the pagda was t stre sutras and figurines brught t China frm India by the famus mnk and traveler Xuan Zang, wh stayed here fr 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.
Shaanxi Histry Museum
The Shaanxi Histry Museum is hme t ver 370,000 precius relics unearthed in Shaanxi ver the years. Its cllectins range frm brnze wares t pttery figures, gld and silverwares and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs. Amng its precius cllectins, 18 pieces have been listed as natinal treasures.
21. What will yu see when yu visit Terractta Army?
A. Terractta sldiers and hrses.B. Bks translated by Xuan Zang.
C. A gd view f Xi’an.D. Terractta pts fr plants.
22. Which attractin will yu chse if yu are interested in natinal treasures?
A. Giant Wild Gse Pagda.B. Shaanxi Histry Museum.
C. Terractta Army.D. Xi’an City Wall.
23. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A travel guidebk.B. A science magazine.C. A research paper.D. A news reprt.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了西安的四个主要景点：秦始皇兵马俑、西安城墙、大雁塔和陕西历史博物馆。这些景点都是中国历史和文化的重要组成部分，展示了西安作为中国古代首都的悠久历史和丰富文化。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Discvered near Lintng, Xi’an, the army f Terractta Warrirs was cnstructed by China’s First Emperr Qinshihuang f the Qin Dynasty. It is a cllectin f thusands f life-size terractta sldiers, hrses and charits in battle frmatin, shwing the emperr’s armies in full splendr. (兵马俑是在西安临潼附近发现的，由中国的秦始皇建造。它汇集了数千个真人大小的陶俑士兵、战马和战车，展示了皇帝军队的辉煌。)”可知，在参观秦始皇兵马俑时，我们会看到兵马俑。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The Shaanxi Histry Museum is hme t ver 370,000 precius relics unearthed in Shaanxi ver the years. Its cllectins range frm brnze wares t pttery figures, gld and silverwares and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs. Amng its precius cllectins, 18 pieces have been listed as natinal treasures.(陕西历史博物馆收藏了陕西多年来出土的37万多件珍贵文物。其藏品包括青铜器、陶俑、金银器以及唐代墓葬壁画。在这些珍贵藏品中，有18件被列为国家级文物。)”可知，如果对国家文物感兴趣，可以去参观陕西历史博物馆。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Due t its status as the lngest-running capital in ancient China, Xi’an has had a deep impact n the life and culture f the cuntry. If yu are planning a tur f Xi’an, yu’ll want t hit all the fllwing highlights.(西安作为中国古代历史最悠久的都城，对中国的生活和文化产生了深远的影响。如果你正在计划西安之旅，你会想达到以下所有的亮点。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了西安的景点，这是旅行指南常涉及的内容。故选A。
B
Abut five weeks ag, I nticed the skin f ur pet lizard (蜥蜴) was grwing dusty. It wrried me. I reprted the strange surface n the skin f the lizard t my husband and children the next mrning. Secnds later, ur lizard emerged frm its tank with its ld skin flwing behind it.
I didn’t think abut it much until a mrning last week when I kncked my favrite teapt ff the table. It burst int hundreds f pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wndered why we had been breaking s many things ver the mnths.
The damage started three mnths ag. It was my husband’s birthday. He had just lst his jb. The uncertainty was starting t wear n us, s I wanted t d smething special.
“Let’s make a cake fr Dad!” I cried.
My kids screamed with jy. We baked, iced and sprinkled fr mst f the day. Candles n the cake! Ballns n the walls! Flwers n the table!
Tw hurs befre my husband came back hme frm anther jb interview, my daughter climbed up t grab a glass vase frm a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces f glass were everywhere. She sbbed ludly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding fr his birthday.
Three days ag, the light in ur living rm suddenly went ut. After several frustrating hurs f unsuccessful attempts t fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jrdan dcumentary (纪录片) series The Last Dance.
The pignancy (酸楚) f Jrdan retiring frm his belved basketball t play baseball and what had pushed him t make such a tugh decisin tk me by surprise. As I watched him take ff his basketball unifrm and replace it with a baseball unifrm, I saw him leaving behind what n lnger served him, just as ur lizard had. Neither f them chse the mment that had transfrmed them. But they had t live with wh they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have t learn t leave the past behind.
Humans d nt shed skin as easily as ther animals. The beginning f change is upsetting. The prcess is tiring. Damage changes us befre we are ready. I see ur lizard, raw and nearly new.
Jrdan said that n matter hw it ends, it starts with hpe. With ur tender, hpeful skin, that is where we begin.
24. What can we learn abut the pet lizard frm Paragraph 1?
A. It went missing.B. Its tank grew dirty.C. It gt a skin disease.D. Its ld skin came ff.
25. Why did the authr’s husband have banana pudding fr his birthday?
A. The birthday cake feel frm the shelf.B. The birthday cake was damaged.
C. The authr made gd puddings.D. Pudding was his favrite dessert.
26. The underlined part “leaving behind what n lnger served him” in Paragraph 8 mst prbably means ________.
A. falling behind the tp playersB. lking back n the past
C. giving up a bad habitD. putting the past behind
27. What des the authr mst likely want t tell us?
A. Lve f family helps us survive great hardships.
B. It’s nt the end f the wrld if we break things.
C. We shuld mve n n matter what happens.
D. Past experiences shuld be treasured.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过身边的一些事，以及观看乔丹纪录片《最后一舞》，终于意识到我们应该学会放下过去，从希望开始继续前行。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Abut five weeks ag, I nticed the skin f ur pet lizard (蜥蜴) was grwing dusty. It wrried me. I reprted the strange surface n the skin f the lizard t my husband and children the next mrning. Secnds later, ur lizard emerged frm its tank with its ld skin flwing behind it.(大约五周前，我注意到我们宠物蜥蜴的皮肤上积满了灰尘。这让我很担心。第二天早上，我向丈夫和孩子们报告了蜥蜴皮肤上的奇怪表面。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从它的水箱里出来，它的旧皮肤在后面流动。)”可知，作者观察到宠物蜥蜴皮肤不对劲，后来才发现它蜕皮了。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Tw hurs befre my husband came back hme frm anther jb interview, my daughter climbed up t grab a glass vase frm a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces f glass were everywhere. She sbbed ludly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding fr his birthday.(在我丈夫参加完另一个工作面试回家的前两个小时，我女儿爬到高高的架子上拿了一个玻璃花瓶。它掉了下来，摔在蛋糕旁边。玻璃碎片到处都是。我把蛋糕扔掉时，她大声抽泣起来。我丈夫过生日时吃了香蕉布丁。)”可知，作者的丈夫在生日的时候吃香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕被毁了。故选B。
26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Neither f them chse the mment that had transfrmed them. But they had t live with wh they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have t learn t leave the past behind.(他们两人都没有选择改变他们的那个时刻。但在一切都变了之后，他们不得不接受原来的自己。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后。)”可知，划线词组指的是将过去抛在脑后。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第八段“I realized that we have t learn t leave the past behind.(我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后。)”、倒数第二段“Humans d nt shed skin as easily as ther animals. The beginning f change is upsetting. The prcess is tiring. (人类不像其他动物那样容易蜕皮。改变的开始令人不安。这个过程很累人。伤害在我们准备好之前就改变了我们。)”以及最后一段“Jrdan said that n matter hw it ends, it starts with hpe. With ur tender, hpeful skin, that is where we begin.(乔丹说，无论结局如何，都要从希望开始。我们的皮肤柔嫩而充满希望，这就是我们开始的地方。)”可知，文章作者意识我们必须学会放下过去，继续前进，也就是是无论发生什么事情，我们都应该带着希望继续前进。故选C。
C
As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.
The research team fcused n a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves.”
Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a “nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. These include encuntering wildlife, walking alng the edge f water, and fllwing an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break.
“We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.
28. In writing Paragraph 1, the authr aims t ________.
A. give an exampleB. intrduce a tpicC. reach a cnclusinD. make a cmparisn
29. Why did the researchers cde participant submissins int categries?
A. T find patterns in the visitrs’ summaries.B. T cmpare different types f park-gers.
C. T explain why the park attracts turists.D. T cllect data frm the park.
30. What shuld we d befre we can interact with nature accrding t Kahn?
A. Create a new language.B. Develp cmmunicatin skills.
C. Cnserve the Earth.D. Educate peple.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，城市地区的野生环境对人类的福祉极其重要。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.(随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对野生的地方是不寻常的。)”以及第二段内容“Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.(过去的研究发现，自然对人类的健康有益，但一项新的研究表明，城市地区的野生环境对人类的福祉极其重要。)”可知，作者写第一段的目的是为了引出本文主题，即城市地区的野生环境对人类的福祉极其重要。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves.”(然后，研究人员检查了这些提交的信息，将体验分成不同的类别。例如，一个参与者的“我们坐在沙滩上听了一会儿海浪”的经历被分配到“坐在沙滩上”和“听海浪”的类别。)”以及文章第四段“After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs.(在对所有提交的内容进行编码后，有六个类别被认为对访问者最重要。)”可知，研究人员将这些提交的内容进行编码，将经历分为不同的类别。因此，研究人员将参与者提交的内容编码为类别是为了在游客的总结中找到模式。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.(“我们正试图创造一种语言，帮助将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，”该研究的资深作者Peter Kahn说。)”可知，我们在与自然互动之前应该保护环境。故选C。
D
Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind t be bth functinal and beautiful. Why, then, is art still s widely cnsidered t be “the easy subject” at schl, insignificant t wider sciety, a waste f time and effrt?
Art can cnnect culture with cmmercial (商业的) prducts in a way that nt many ther things can; art generates mney and hlds significant emtinal and cultural value within cmmunities. When peple attend a cncert, they are paying fr music, sure, maybe even htel rms, meals, and transprt, but they als gain an incredible experience, a unique atmsphere and a memry that will g thrugh the rest f their lives. Peple dn’t just want material things anymre, they want t experience life—the arts are a perfect crssver (交迭) between culture and cmmerce.
Furthermre, the arts can bring cmmunities tgether, reducing lneliness and making peple feel safer. Scial relatinships are created amng individuals when they share their arts experiences thrugh reflectin and discussin, and their expressin f cmmn values thrugh artwrks in hnur f events significant t a natin’s experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty psitive impact n physical and psychlgical health. It is fund that peple wh frequent cultural places r participate in artistic events are mre likely t gain gd health cmpared t thse wh d nt; mre engagement with the arts is linked t a higher level f peple’s well-being. The Ryal Sciety f Public Health discvered that music and art, when used in hspitals, help t imprve the cnditins f patients by reducing stress, anxiety and bld pressure.
Children wh are invlved with the arts make greater achievements in their educatin: thse engaged with drama have greater literary ability while thers taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference fr the arts have a greater chance f finding emplyment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential fr child develpment; encuraging children t express themselves in cnstructive ways culd help t frm healthy emtinal respnses in later life.
Vital t human life, art is celebrated and used by natins acrss the wrld fr varius purpses. Life withut art wuld be bring and dead still, fr art is a part f what makes us human.
31. As fr art prducts, which wuld the authr agree with?
A. Mst peple buy them fr cllectin.
B. Their prices may climb up as time passes.
C. They differ frm many ther cmmercial prducts.
D. They have cultural values rather than cmmercial values.
32. Kids wh engage with the arts tend t ________.
A. be mre respnsible adults when they grw up
B. be mre cnfident in exhibiting their learning skills
C. have mre pprtunities t d creative jbs in the future
D. have better learning perfrmance and emtinal develpment
33. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Art prducts are mre expensive.
B. The arts can make peple feel lnelier.
C. Artistic activities can imprve peple’s health.
D. The arts can help peple becme mre beautiful.
34. What is the best title fr this passage?
A Art Is Beneficial fr PatientsB. Art Wastes Time and Effrt
C. Art Can Prevent Heart DiseaseD. Art Is Imprtant t Humankind
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从艺术与文化、商业的交融、社区凝聚力、身心健康以及教育成就等方面，全面阐述了艺术的重要性和积极影响。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Art can cnnect culture with cmmercial (商业的) prducts in a way that nt many ther things can; art generates mney and hlds significant emtinal and cultural value within cmmunities.(艺术可以把文化和商业产品联系起来，这是其他很多东西做不到的。艺术能赚钱，并在社区中拥有重要的情感和文化价值。)”以及“Peple dn’t just want material things anymre, they want t experience life—the arts are a perfect crssver (交迭) between culture and cmmerce.(人们不再只是想要物质上的东西，他们想要体验生活——艺术是文化和商业之间的完美交迭。)”可知，作者认为艺术作品和其他商业产品不一样，艺术作品将文化和产品联系在一起，使文化和商业之间的完美交迭。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Children wh are invlved with the arts make greater achievements in their educatin: thse engaged with drama have greater literary ability while thers taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. (参与艺术的孩子在他们的教育中取得更大的成就:那些参与戏剧的孩子有更大的文学能力，而其他参加音乐实践的孩子在数学和语言方面表现出更大的技能。)”以及“Participating in the arts is essential fr child develpment; encuraging children t express themselves in cnstructive ways culd help t frm healthy emtinal respnses in later life.(参与艺术活动对儿童发展至关重要;鼓励孩子以建设性的方式表达自己可以帮助他们在以后的生活中形成健康的情绪反应。)”可知，参与艺术的孩子未来会在学业上有更好的表现，并且拥有健康的情绪反应。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The arts clearly have a pretty psitive impact n physical and psychlgical health. It is fund that peple wh frequent cultural places r participate in artistic events are mre likely t gain gd health cmpared t thse wh d nt; mre engagement with the arts is linked t a higher level f peple’s well-being. (艺术显然对身心健康有相当积极的影响。研究发现，经常去文化场所或参加艺术活动的人比不这样做的人更有可能获得良好的健康；更多地参与艺术与人们的更高水平的福祉有关。)”可知，艺术对人们的身心健康有着积极的影响，也就是说艺术可以改善人们的健康。故选C。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind t be bth functinal and beautiful. Why, then, is art still s widely cnsidered t be “the easy subject” at schl, insignificant t wider sciety, a waste f time and effrt?(艺术无处不在。任何公共空间都是由艺术头脑精心设计的，既实用又美观。那么，为什么艺术仍然被广泛认为是学校里的“轻松科目”，对更广泛的社会来说无足轻重，是浪费时间和精力呢？)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要从艺术与文化、商业的交融、社区凝聚力、身心健康以及教育成就等方面，全面阐述了艺术的重要性和积极影响。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There is ne answer. ___35___
In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right at ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks we can learn t imprve patience.
___36___. Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre psitive. ___37___ “Shwing thankfulness can develp self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience. We’ll take it!
Yu shuld make yurself wait. Immediate gratificatin (满足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practise. Start with small tasks. ___38___ Wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu’ll sn find that the mre patience yu practise, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
It is imprtant t accept the uncmfrtable. S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate (容忍), and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. ___39___ Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable.” Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient.
A. Yu’d better find the causes.
B. Yu’d better practise gratitude.
C. All this adds up t a state f relaxatin.
D. It can als help us practise mre patience.
E. Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend.
F. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience.
G. But we need t becme cmfrtable with the uncmfrtable t develp a little mre patience.
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. D 38. E 39. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们练习耐心。
【35题详解】
根据上文内容“Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There is ne answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个。)”以及下文“Hwever, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff.(然而，研究表明，如果我们练习耐心，我们的情况会好得多。)”可知，空处应该提到耐心。选项F“They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience.(在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心。)”既承接上文，回答了上文的问题；同时也引出本文的主题。故选F。
【36题详解】
根据空后的“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre psitive.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更积极。)”可知，空处指的是练习耐心的第一个技巧是感恩。选项B“Yu’d better practise gratitude.(你最好学会感恩。)”与下文内容一致，指的是我们要学会感恩。故选B。
【37题详解】
根据下文内容““Shwing thankfulness can develp self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience.(加利福尼亚大学的研究人员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”一个简单的感恩练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。)”可知，感激练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。选项D“It can als help us practise mre patience.(它也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。)”与下文内容一致，指的是感恩练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据空前内容“And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practise. Start with small tasks.(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习。从小任务开始。)”可知，作者认为学会等待的方法就是练习，从小任务开始练习。选项E“Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend.(把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末看。)”与上文内容一致，指的是从小任务开始练习等待。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate (容忍), and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances.(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能忍受的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们就会对环境失去耐心。)”可知，我们一旦不舒适就会对环境失去耐心。而空后“Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable.”(你应该学会对自己说：“这只是不舒服，不是无法忍受。”)”可知，我们需要接受不舒服。选项G“But we need t becme cmfrtable with the uncmfrtable t develp a little mre patience.(但是我们需要适应不舒服的环境，这样才能发展得更好。)”承上启下，承接上文的不舒服环境，同时引出下文我们要学会接受不舒服的环境。故选G。
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节, 32分)
第一节 (共4小题; 第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分
阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Many f us wrk tirelessly twards ur gals. We may spend ur lives dreaming f the day we are admitted t ur ideal university, publish ur first bk r purchase ur first hme. Hwever, mre ften than nt, when we achieve these things, it desn’t feel quite as expected. In fact, the achievement f the gals feels anti-climactic, r a bit f a letdwn.
“An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-prduct f a milestne achievement. Usually, the mre significant the milestne, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vra, psychtherapist and funder f CYP Well-being. “The jurney t achieving a milestne can be exciting and all-cnsuming. Therefre, when this disappears vernight, we can ften feel lst and cnfused.”
If yu find yurself wrking tward smething big that yu suspect may feel like a bit f a letdwn, there are steps yu can take t manage and even prevent the feeling f anti-climax.
First, enjy the jurney. Yu’d better slw dwn a little and cme t realize that jy cmes frm the ding, nt the cmpleting. S instead f rushing fr it t be dne, take a mment t enjy the ding.
Secnd, fresee the cmedwn. If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, schedule an activity t lk frward t sn after the event has finished. Cnsider planning sme time with friends and family, r attending a cncert r even a cking class. This can act as a reminder that ther aspects f life can be just as fulfilling.
Third, nrmalize the experience. The key is t nrmalize feelings f lw md, cnfusin, and self-dubt arund anti-climaxes, which are smething many peple underg. Cnnecting with thers may als be beneficial. It can help t engage with friends and influencers nline wh share similar experiences t feel less islated (孤立的) with yur wn emtins.
40. Based n what Rachel Vra says, what can an anti-climax be?
________________________________________________
41. What steps can yu take t manage the feeling f anti-climax?
________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, avid planning sme time with friends and family.
________________________________________________
43. Suppse yu have just been admitted t yur dream university. What will yu d t deal with the anti-climax? (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________
【答案】40. An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-prduct f a milestne achievement.
41. First, enjy the jurney. Secnd, fresee the cmedwn. Third, nrmalize the experience.
42. If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, avid planning sme time with friends and family.
If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, cnsider planning sme time with friends and family.
43. First, I will treat myself t 2-week turs in China with my friends and family. Then I will take driving lessns t learn a new skill. Alternatively, I will vlunteer at my lcal nursing hme and give back t the cmmunity.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论了人们在实现目标后可能会经历的“反高潮”现象，并给出了应对这一现象的建议。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段““An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-prduct f a milestne achievement. Usually, the mre significant the milestne, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vra, psychtherapist and funder f CYP Well-being.(“反高潮可能是里程碑式成就的意外副产品。通常，里程碑越重要，反高潮就越严重，”心理治疗师、CYP wellness的创始人Rachel Vra说。)”可知，Rachel Vra认为反高潮可能是里程碑式成就的意外副产品。故答案为An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-prduct f a milestne achievement。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“First, enjy the jurney.(首先，享受旅程。)”、第五段“Secnd, fresee the cmedwn. (第二，预见衰退。)”以及第六段“Third, nrmalize the experience. (第三，使经历正常化。)”可知，我们可以采取三项措施才管理这种反高潮的感觉。故答案为First, enjy the jurney. Secnd, fresee the cmedwn. Third, nrmalize the experience。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, schedule an activity t lk frward t sn after the event has finished. Cnsider planning sme time with friends and family, r attending a cncert r even a cking class.(如果你意识到一个潜在的反高潮即将到来，在活动结束后安排一个期待的活动。考虑计划一些与朋友和家人在一起的时间，或者参加一场音乐会，甚至是烹饪课。)”可知，文章作者认为如果意识到一个反高潮即将到来，可以考虑计划和朋友以及家人待在一起的活动。由此可知，原句If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, avid planning sme time with friends and family.中的“avid”是错误的，应该改成“cnsider”。故答案为If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, avid planning sme time with friends and family.→If yu are aware f a ptential upcming anti-climax, cnsider planning sme time with friends and family.
【43题详解】
开放题。要求考生谈谈如果自己被梦寐以求的大学录取会怎么处理这种反高潮，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为First, I will treat myself t 2-week turs in China with my friends and family. Then I will take driving lessns t learn a new skill. Alternatively, I will vlunteer at my lcal nursing hme and give back t the cmmunity。
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim非常热爱体育运动。他在网上观看了中国的体育赛事，发邮件询问你最钦佩的体育人物。请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 人物介绍；
2. 人物对你的影响。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
Hw’s everything?
Glad t knw that we have a shared interest in sprts and sprtspeple.
The sprtspersn I admire mst is Quan Hngchan. She started diving at the age f seven and shwed cnsiderable talent fr diving. Nevertheless, it seems that talent alne isn’t enugh t guarantee success. She trained fr abut seven hurs every day. Her hard wrk paid ff, and she finally wn the wmen’s 10m platfrm gld medal at the Tky 2020 Olympic Games.
The lessn I learned frm Quan Hngchan is that hard wrk is the key t success. I’m determined t study harder and carry frward the spirit f the Olympics: faster, higher and strnger.
Wh is yur favrite sprtspersn? Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的信件。要求考生向英国好友Jim写信，向其介绍自己最钦佩的体育人物。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→ happy
然而：nevertheless → hwever
最终：finally → eventually
下定决心：be determined t→ make up ne’s mind t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：She started diving at the age f seven and shwed cnsiderable talent fr diving.
拓展句：She started diving at the age f seven, fr which she shwed cnsiderable talent.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The sprtspersn I admire mst is Quan Hngchan.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句）
【高分句型2】The lessn I learned frm Quan Hngchan is that hard wrk is the key t success.（运用了省略关系代词定语从句和that引导的表语从句）