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北京房山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京房山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含北京房山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题学业水平调研一Word版含解析docx、北京房山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题学业水平调研一Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was eight, I wanted a ty and needed $10 t buy it. But, as usual, I was brke. I decided t ask my 11-year-ld sister, Kathleen, fr a lan. She agreed t ___1___ me the mney, but added, “I will charge yu 10 percent cmpund interest every mnth until yu pay me back.”
“Cmpund interest — what’s that?” I asked.
“Well, interest is the ___2___ mney brrwers have t pay back n a lan,” she explained. “Cmpund interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the lnger yu take t pay back the lan.”
“Sure. I get it,” I said. Thugh truthfully, I was getting ___3___.
Kathleen lent me the mney, and I ___4___ the ty. My birthday came a mnth later, and my mm gave me $10. That was just the amunt I needed t buy anther ty. I ___5___ paying my sister fr a mnth. After anther mnth, I frgt abut the lan.
Several mnths later, n Christmas mrning, my sister and I each fund a $20 bill in ur stckings. I was just putting it int my pcket when Kathleen stpped me.
“Srry, that’s mine. I’m ___6___ n yur debt.”
“Huh?” Then I remembered the lan. “Hey! Hw can it be that much? I nly brrwed $10.
“True,” she said, “but ___7___ has been cmpunding fr eight mnths. Nw yu we me $21.43.”
I refused t ___8___ that a $10 lan culd mre than duble s quickly. Much t my ___9___, my sister gt her pencil and tablet and shwed me exactly hw it all added up. This time, I gt the basic idea f cmpund interest. I _____10_____ the hard way that brrwing mney can be “duble truble” in n time. My sister successfully taught me hw t use and manage my mney.
1. A. handB. lendC. giveD. pay
2. A. limitedB. exactC. extraD. same
3. A. satisfiedB. cnfusedC. frightenedD. encuraged
4. A. sldB. madeC. fixedD. bught
5. A. put ffB. tk upC. ended upD. started ff
6. A. relyingB. fcusingC. carryingD. cllecting
7. A. interestB. cstC. taxD. salary
8. A. annunceB. prmiseC. prveD. believe
9. A. annyanceB. regretC. reliefD. delight
10. A. questinedB. explainedC. learnedD. explred
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Little Prince ____11____ (tell) us the imprtance f lking beneath the surface f things t uncver their real meanings. I like it because it is simple, and yet it really made me think a lt ____12____ life and death, lve and respnsibility, friendship and lneliness. One f the mst memrable characters in the bk is a rse, ____13____ the little prince fell in lve with.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I hurried t the stre, I saw that the bks were already being packed int ____14____ (bx). I had a lng chat with Casey, the stre’s elderly wner. Sighing ____15____ (deep), he tld me hw it was becming difficult t run an independent bkstre. Mre and mre custmers ____16____ (attract) by chain stres and nline discunts. I tried t think f sme wrds f sympathy, ____17____ I had t admit that the Rainbw Bkstre culdn’t stay in business much lnger.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
It’s a tragic stry that ____18____ (begin) in 1810 when humans arrived n Macquarie Island. In their ships they unknwingly brught rats and mice. These small animals quickly tk ver the island ____19____ (eat) the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds. Cats were brught t the island ____20____ (cntrl) the rats and mice. Unfrtunately, the cats subsequently develped an appetite fr the birds, t.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If yu’re an English learner r an English speaker lking t widen yur vcabulary, a gd dictinary app is a must.
Merriam-Webster
Merriam-Webster is a well-knwn and highly trusted dictinary. The app prvides quality definitins, audi prnunciatins and usage examples. It even lets yu search fr wrds by speaking them! This feature is perfect when yu hear a wrd yu dn’t understand but aren’t sure hw it’s written.
Oxfrd Dictinary f English
The Oxfrd Dictinary f English app is a cmprehensive and reliable resurce fr English language reference. The app prvides clear and cncise definitins, alng with audi prnunciatins and example sentences. Yu can als access synnyms, antnyms and wrd rigins. Additinally, the app ffers ffline functinality, allwing yu t access the dictinary even withut an internet cnnectin.
Vcabulary.cm
The Vcabulary.cm dictinary app is excellent fr English learners because it has very easy-t-understand definitins. The site says it’s “as if yur favrite teacher were explaining it t yu.” Each definitin has explanatins f what the wrd means and als when and hw yu wuld use it. It even turns learning int a game by letting yu earn pints!
FluentU
FluentU takes real-wrld vides and turns them int persnalized language learning lessns. It uses a natural apprach that helps yu ease int the English language and culture ver time. Yu’ll learn English as it’s spken in real life. The best part is that FluentU keeps track f the vcabulary that yu’re learning and gives yu extra practice with difficult wrds. It even reminds yu when it’s time t review!
21. Merriam-Webster app can help English learners ________.
A. find right wrds t speak perfect English
B. search fr a wrd even withut an internet cnnectin
C. learn difficult wrds by practicing mre and reviewing
D. lk fr a wrd when they are unsure abut its spelling
22. Which dictinary app prves English learners with simple definitins and interesting learning?
A. Merriam-Webster.B. Oxfrd Dictinary f English.
C. Vcabulary.cm.D. FluentU.
23. What’s the main purpse f this passage?
A. T recmmend useful dictinary apps.
B. T give suggestins n English learning.
C T ffer advice n hw t use a dictinary app.
D. T intrduce the surces f English vcabulary.
B
When I was little, my dad wuld let me sit beside him the prch while he painted. He wuld tell me hw the cw by itself is just a cw, and the meadw by itself is just grass and flwers, and the sun peeking thrugh the trees is just a beam f light, but put them all tgether and yu’ve gt magic.
I understd what he was saying, but I never felt what he was saying until ne day when I was up in the sycamre tree t rescue a kite stuck in the branches. It was a lng way up, but I thught I’d give it a sht. I started climbing. Then I lked dwn. And suddenly I gt dizzy and weak. I was miles ff the grund! But the kite was still beynd my reach. I caught my breath and frced myself t cncentrate n the kite as I climbed up.
When I had the kite free, I needed a minute t rest. That’s when the fear f being up s high began t lift, and in its place came the mst amazing feeling that I was flying. Just saring abve the earth, sailing amng the cluds.
Then I gt t ntice hw wnderful the breeze smelled. It seemed like sunshine and wild grass and rain! I culdn’t stp breathing it in, filling my lungs again and again with the sweetest smell I’d ever knwn.
I never gt ver the view. I kept thinking f what it felt like t be up s high in that tree. I wanted t see it, t feel it, again. And again.
It wasn’t lng befre I wasn’t afraid f being up s high and fund the spt that became my spt. I culd sit there fr hurs, just lking ut at the wrld. Sunsets were amazing. Sme days they’d be purple and pink, sme days they’d be a blazing range, setting fire t cluds acrss the hrizn.
It was n a day like that when my father’s ntin (观念) mved frm my head t my heart. The view frm my sycamre was mre than rftps and cluds and wind and clrs cmbined.
24. Why did the authr climb up the sycamre tree?
A. T practice climbing skills.B. T get a trapped kite.
C. T prve her curage.D. T play in the tree.
25. The authr’s climbing experience was ________.
A. well-planned and interestingB. adventurus but rewarding
C. cmpetitive and imaginativeD. unusual but painful
26. The authr liked being up high in the tree because ________.
A she culd enjy mre than gd views
B. her father encuraged her t d s
C. it culd help her t cncentrate
D. the tree had the sweetest smell
27. What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. The whle is greater than the sum f its parts.
B. Beautiful things dn’t ask fr attentin.
C. Psitive actin leads t happiness.
D. Practice makes perfect.
C
Making use f the wind, the water r, fr mre than half f all plant species, animals, plants disperse (散播) seeds far and wide. Frugivres — animals such as gibbns that feed n the fleshy fruits f plants — eat and then excrete (排泄) seeds away frm the riginal tree. The African savanna elephant can carry seeds up t a recrd-breaking distance f 65 kilmetres. This ability t shift gegraphical ranges will be crucial t plants when it cmes t surviving climate change. Hwever, just like all gibbn species, the African savanna elephant is endangered, its ppulatin dwn by 60 percent ver the past 50 years.
Researchers in Denmark and the USA have published a new study int hw the lss f seed-dispersing animals culd affect the resilience (恢复力) f frests and ther natural ecsystems. They fund that, histrically, the decline f seed-dispersing animals has had the greatest influence n plants acrss the temperate (温带的) regins f Nrth and Suth America, Eurpe and suthern Australia. “Our temperate ecsystems have lst a lt f the natural seed-dispersal functin that they wuld have had,” explains Evan Fricke, lead authr f the study, referring t large mammals that were nce widespread in these regins.
Nevertheless, the pr cnservatin status f many seed-dispersing trpical animals puts plants in regins such as Sutheast Asia and Madagascar mst at risk tday. Withut the preservatin f such animals, glbal seed dispersal culd decline by a further 15 percent. “The direct implicatin f this decline is that many plant species will be unable t keep pace with a changing climate,” says Fricke. “That means the ptential lss nt nly f plant bidiversity but f the ecsystem functins that thse plants prvide.”
As wildlife is lst, plants can n lnger adapt and survive and frests becme less sustainable, which reduces the amunt f carbn they can stre. They als lse their ability t supprt wildlife. Whle ecsystems are disrupted. The cnclusin, Fricke says, is clear: we must cnserve currently endangered species and restre the ppulatins f imprtant seed dispersers. “Independent f climate change, rewilding has the ptential t benefit ur ecsystems, but in a changing climate, it has the added benefit f increasing the climate resilience f thse ecsystems,” he says.
28. The authr mentins the African savanna elephant in Paragraph 1 t ________.
A. prvide a slutinB. predict the ending
C. express an pininD. highlight the prblem
29. As fr seed-dispersing animals, which wuld the authr agree with?
A. They are vital and endangered.
B. They are being well cnserved.
C. They are unrelated t whle ecsystems.
D. They are widespread acrss the temperate regins.
30. What des Fricke cnclude frm the study?
A. Seed-dispersing animals play an imprtant rle in preventing climate change.
B. The lss f seed-dispersing animals has hardly affected temperate regins.
C. Rewilding can prmte the climate resilience f ur ecsystems.
D. Plants disperse seeds by way f animals excreting them.
D
A persn culd be frgiven fr believing 20 years ag that the Internet wuld sn revlutinise academic publishing, because it became pssible fr publishers t spread schlarly wrk at the click f a buttn — much cheaper than the traditinal subscriptin-based (订阅) mdel. Recgnising the pprtunity, many schlars and librarians started t advcate a new, pen access mdel, in which articles are made freely available nline t anyne. The result wuld be a true nline public library f science.
Hwever, mre than tw decades later, the mvement has made little prgress, and the traditinal subscriptin-based mdel remains entrenched.
Frtunately, things are changing. A big she drpped when the University f Califrnia (UC) Libraries, n f the biggest library systems, declined t renew its cntract with Elsevier, a leading scientific publisher. Elsevier wanted the libraries t pay tw fees: ne fr its package f licensed jurnals and the ther fr the use f Elsevier’s pen access mdel. UC Libraries wanted the licensed jurnals fee t cver the pen access fee; they als wanted pen access t all UC researches published in Elsevier jurnals. When the tw sides culdn’t cme t terms, the libraries walked away.
Actually, the pen access revlutin is mre likely t be led by research funding agencies, wh can use their purse pwer t prmte pen access. A team f funders, Calitin S, insisted that any research they fund shuld be published in a jurnal that makes all f its articles freely and immediately available t the public, which is called Plan S.
Nw that sme librarians and funders are flexing their muscles, what shuld academics d? The wrst respnse wuld be t cmplain that Plan S deprives (剥夺) them f academic freedm. Sme thughtful academics might wrry that a shift t pen access wuld affect their prmtin. After all, subscriptin jurnals are mre familiar and mre prestigius (有威望的) in the current system. Hwever, if enugh academics supprt pen access, the system culd reach a tipping pint beynd which subscriptins n lnger signal prestige. Reaching that pint wuld take cnsiderable time and effrts, but it is pssible.
When the jurnal system started in 1665, it was kind f a frm f pen access. Jurnals allwed academics t learn penly frm ne anther. It was nly in the 1900s that the jurnal system became thrughly cmmditized (商品化). Nw is the time t bring it back t its rts.
31 What des the underlined wrd “entrenched” in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A. Unppular.B. Unfixed.C. Unchanged.D. Unknwn.
32. What is the main cause f the failed negtiatin between UC Libraries and Elsevier?
A. The number f published researches.
B. The charge fr pen access mdel.
C. The duratin f the cntract.
D. The way f payment.
33. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Academics think pen access mdel will help them get prmted.
B. Publishers are willing t abandn the subscriptin mdel gradually.
C. Establishing a true nline public library f science requires jint effrts.
D. Open access mdel will sn take the place f subscriptin-based mdel.
34. What is the authr’s attitude twards the pen access mdel?
A. Disapprving.B. Indifferent.C. Dubtful.D. Supprtive.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emjis are everywhere. They ffer effective and fun ways t interact with thers. Used well, they can becme an engaging and creative additin t cmmunicatin. ____35____
One well-chsen emji can replace many wrds f text ____36____ Or a thumbs-up emji might save yu frm writing ut yur agreement t smething in full.
____37____ And when yu can’t hear smene’s tne f vice r read their bdy language, an image can be particularly helpful fr understanding their meaning.
Emjis are clear, clrful, and designed t cnvey a single message memrably — which has been shwn t increase interest and engagement. They stand ut amng text, especially when the recipient is wrking quickly r n the mve.
Many emjis mean the same thing t everyne, everywhere. ____38____ Fr example, a smiling face emji will let anyne knw that yu’re happy, whatever language yu speak!
Emjis can help yu t shw yur human side, making yu seem friendlier and mre apprachable. What’s mre, the brain reacts t images f faces, and t real faces, in a very similar way.
Alngside all the ptential benefits f emjis that we’ve listed abve, there are als dangers yu’ll need t guard against. ____39____ Fr example, a red-faced character culd be angry, r embarrassed. Like any language, yu need t “speak Emji” with care. If nt, yu run the risk f creating cnfusin, cnveying the wrng impressin, r even causing serius ffense.
A. Here are sme f the reasns why emjis are s ppular.
B. Many emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
C. An emji is ften easier and quicker t understand than a written explanatin.
D. S they can break thrugh language barriers, and prmte easy cmmunicatin.
E. Fr example, yu culd select an emji f a huse t set yur status as “wrking frm hme.”
F. A prly chsen emji can cause prblems, because sme f the images are nt universally understd.
G. Fr example, the crssed fingers emji means gd luck in sme places, but it’s seen as an implite sign in thers.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Skyscrapers (摩天大楼) are the ultimate symbl f urban life. By 2050, almst 80 percent f the earth’s ppulatin culd live in cities. The human ppulatin culd increase t 9.1 billin peple yet the amunt f land available fr farming will be the same. Hw t meet the increasing fd needs f ur planet culd be a big prblem.
Vertical farms, where urban farmers culd grw crps in envirnmentally friendly skyscrapers, culd be the slutin. In spite f cncerns ver high csts, experts want t make these urban farms a reality and use these skyscrapers t grw crps. They believe that we can increase fd prductin by changing ur thinking frm ut t up.
Vertical farms wuld have many advantages, experts say. The fd wuld be grwn with minimal effects n the envirnment. Unlike traditinal farming, vertical farming wuld nt frce animals ut f their habitats by taking ver large areas f land, nr wuld it pllute the air with the use f heavy farming equipment. Thse farms wuld als reduce the cst and negative effects f transprting fd ver lng distances. These have been well recgnized.
Grwing prsperity has led t many peple demanding that all fds are available all year rund. Indr farming culd prduce crps cnstantly and crps wuld nt suffer frm weather-related prblems like drught r flding. In additin, the use f agricultural chemicals fr cntrlling insects wuld be minimal.
Experts agree that new farming practices are needed t supprt the planet’s need fr mre and mre fd at affrdable csts, bth t the farmer and t the cnsumer. Vertical farms may be a small-scale answer, but the best ideas culd be yet t cme.
40. Accrding t this passage, what culd be a big prblem?
_______________________________________________________________
41. What wuld be the advantages f vertical farming?
_______________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Vertical farms culd meet peple’s demand fr available fd all year rund, because it culd prduce crps cnstantly and crps wuld nt be affected by any prblems.
_______________________________________________________________
43. In additin t vertical farms, what else d yu think can help slve the fd shrtage? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim遇到了时间管理方面的问题，特发来邮件向你求助，请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 给出建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was eight, I wanted a ty and needed $10 t buy it. But, as usual, I was brke. I decided t ask my 11-year-ld sister, Kathleen, fr a lan. She agreed t ___1___ me the mney, but added, “I will charge yu 10 percent cmpund interest every mnth until yu pay me back.”
“Cmpund interest — what’s that?” I asked.
“Well, interest is the ___2___ mney brrwers have t pay back n a lan,” she explained. “Cmpund interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the lnger yu take t pay back the lan.”
“Sure. I get it,” I said. Thugh truthfully, I was getting ___3___.
Kathleen lent me the mney, and I ___4___ the ty. My birthday came a mnth later, and my mm gave me $10. That was just the amunt I needed t buy anther ty. I ___5___ paying my sister fr a mnth. After anther mnth, I frgt abut the lan.
Several mnths later, n Christmas mrning, my sister and I each fund a $20 bill in ur stckings. I was just putting it int my pcket when Kathleen stpped me.
“Srry, that’s mine. I’m ___6___ n yur debt.”
“Huh?” Then I remembered the lan. “Hey! Hw can it be that much? I nly brrwed $10.
“True,” she said, “but ___7___ has been cmpunding fr eight mnths. Nw yu we me $21.43.”
I refused t ___8___ that a $10 lan culd mre than duble s quickly. Much t my ___9___, my sister gt her pencil and tablet and shwed me exactly hw it all added up. This time, I gt the basic idea f cmpund interest. I _____10_____ the hard way that brrwing mney can be “duble truble” in n time. My sister successfully taught me hw t use and manage my mney.
1. A. handB. lendC. giveD. pay
2. A. limitedB. exactC. extraD. same
3. A. satisfiedB. cnfusedC. frightenedD. encuraged
4. A. sldB. madeC. fixedD. bught
5. A. put ffB. tk upC. ended upD. started ff
6. A. relyingB. fcusingC. carryingD. cllecting
7. A. interestB. cstC. taxD. salary
8. A. annunceB. prmiseC. prveD. believe
9. A. annyanceB. regretC. reliefD. delight
10. A. questinedB. explainedC. learnedD. explred
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Little Prince ____11____ (tell) us the imprtance f lking beneath the surface f things t uncver their real meanings. I like it because it is simple, and yet it really made me think a lt ____12____ life and death, lve and respnsibility, friendship and lneliness. One f the mst memrable characters in the bk is a rse, ____13____ the little prince fell in lve with.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I hurried t the stre, I saw that the bks were already being packed int ____14____ (bx). I had a lng chat with Casey, the stre’s elderly wner. Sighing ____15____ (deep), he tld me hw it was becming difficult t run an independent bkstre. Mre and mre custmers ____16____ (attract) by chain stres and nline discunts. I tried t think f sme wrds f sympathy, ____17____ I had t admit that the Rainbw Bkstre culdn’t stay in business much lnger.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
It’s a tragic stry that ____18____ (begin) in 1810 when humans arrived n Macquarie Island. In their ships they unknwingly brught rats and mice. These small animals quickly tk ver the island ____19____ (eat) the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds. Cats were brught t the island ____20____ (cntrl) the rats and mice. Unfrtunately, the cats subsequently develped an appetite fr the birds, t.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If yu’re an English learner r an English speaker lking t widen yur vcabulary, a gd dictinary app is a must.
Merriam-Webster
Merriam-Webster is a well-knwn and highly trusted dictinary. The app prvides quality definitins, audi prnunciatins and usage examples. It even lets yu search fr wrds by speaking them! This feature is perfect when yu hear a wrd yu dn’t understand but aren’t sure hw it’s written.
Oxfrd Dictinary f English
The Oxfrd Dictinary f English app is a cmprehensive and reliable resurce fr English language reference. The app prvides clear and cncise definitins, alng with audi prnunciatins and example sentences. Yu can als access synnyms, antnyms and wrd rigins. Additinally, the app ffers ffline functinality, allwing yu t access the dictinary even withut an internet cnnectin.
Vcabulary.cm
The Vcabulary.cm dictinary app is excellent fr English learners because it has very easy-t-understand definitins. The site says it’s “as if yur favrite teacher were explaining it t yu.” Each definitin has explanatins f what the wrd means and als when and hw yu wuld use it. It even turns learning int a game by letting yu earn pints!
FluentU
FluentU takes real-wrld vides and turns them int persnalized language learning lessns. It uses a natural apprach that helps yu ease int the English language and culture ver time. Yu’ll learn English as it’s spken in real life. The best part is that FluentU keeps track f the vcabulary that yu’re learning and gives yu extra practice with difficult wrds. It even reminds yu when it’s time t review!
21. Merriam-Webster app can help English learners ________.
A. find right wrds t speak perfect English
B. search fr a wrd even withut an internet cnnectin
C. learn difficult wrds by practicing mre and reviewing
D. lk fr a wrd when they are unsure abut its spelling
22. Which dictinary app prves English learners with simple definitins and interesting learning?
A. Merriam-Webster.B. Oxfrd Dictinary f English.
C. Vcabulary.cm.D. FluentU.
23. What’s the main purpse f this passage?
A. T recmmend useful dictinary apps.
B. T give suggestins n English learning.
C T ffer advice n hw t use a dictinary app.
D. T intrduce the surces f English vcabulary.
B
When I was little, my dad wuld let me sit beside him the prch while he painted. He wuld tell me hw the cw by itself is just a cw, and the meadw by itself is just grass and flwers, and the sun peeking thrugh the trees is just a beam f light, but put them all tgether and yu’ve gt magic.
I understd what he was saying, but I never felt what he was saying until ne day when I was up in the sycamre tree t rescue a kite stuck in the branches. It was a lng way up, but I thught I’d give it a sht. I started climbing. Then I lked dwn. And suddenly I gt dizzy and weak. I was miles ff the grund! But the kite was still beynd my reach. I caught my breath and frced myself t cncentrate n the kite as I climbed up.
When I had the kite free, I needed a minute t rest. That’s when the fear f being up s high began t lift, and in its place came the mst amazing feeling that I was flying. Just saring abve the earth, sailing amng the cluds.
Then I gt t ntice hw wnderful the breeze smelled. It seemed like sunshine and wild grass and rain! I culdn’t stp breathing it in, filling my lungs again and again with the sweetest smell I’d ever knwn.
I never gt ver the view. I kept thinking f what it felt like t be up s high in that tree. I wanted t see it, t feel it, again. And again.
It wasn’t lng befre I wasn’t afraid f being up s high and fund the spt that became my spt. I culd sit there fr hurs, just lking ut at the wrld. Sunsets were amazing. Sme days they’d be purple and pink, sme days they’d be a blazing range, setting fire t cluds acrss the hrizn.
It was n a day like that when my father’s ntin (观念) mved frm my head t my heart. The view frm my sycamre was mre than rftps and cluds and wind and clrs cmbined.
24. Why did the authr climb up the sycamre tree?
A. T practice climbing skills.B. T get a trapped kite.
C. T prve her curage.D. T play in the tree.
25. The authr’s climbing experience was ________.
A. well-planned and interestingB. adventurus but rewarding
C. cmpetitive and imaginativeD. unusual but painful
26. The authr liked being up high in the tree because ________.
A she culd enjy mre than gd views
B. her father encuraged her t d s
C. it culd help her t cncentrate
D. the tree had the sweetest smell
27. What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. The whle is greater than the sum f its parts.
B. Beautiful things dn’t ask fr attentin.
C. Psitive actin leads t happiness.
D. Practice makes perfect.
C
Making use f the wind, the water r, fr mre than half f all plant species, animals, plants disperse (散播) seeds far and wide. Frugivres — animals such as gibbns that feed n the fleshy fruits f plants — eat and then excrete (排泄) seeds away frm the riginal tree. The African savanna elephant can carry seeds up t a recrd-breaking distance f 65 kilmetres. This ability t shift gegraphical ranges will be crucial t plants when it cmes t surviving climate change. Hwever, just like all gibbn species, the African savanna elephant is endangered, its ppulatin dwn by 60 percent ver the past 50 years.
Researchers in Denmark and the USA have published a new study int hw the lss f seed-dispersing animals culd affect the resilience (恢复力) f frests and ther natural ecsystems. They fund that, histrically, the decline f seed-dispersing animals has had the greatest influence n plants acrss the temperate (温带的) regins f Nrth and Suth America, Eurpe and suthern Australia. “Our temperate ecsystems have lst a lt f the natural seed-dispersal functin that they wuld have had,” explains Evan Fricke, lead authr f the study, referring t large mammals that were nce widespread in these regins.
Nevertheless, the pr cnservatin status f many seed-dispersing trpical animals puts plants in regins such as Sutheast Asia and Madagascar mst at risk tday. Withut the preservatin f such animals, glbal seed dispersal culd decline by a further 15 percent. “The direct implicatin f this decline is that many plant species will be unable t keep pace with a changing climate,” says Fricke. “That means the ptential lss nt nly f plant bidiversity but f the ecsystem functins that thse plants prvide.”
As wildlife is lst, plants can n lnger adapt and survive and frests becme less sustainable, which reduces the amunt f carbn they can stre. They als lse their ability t supprt wildlife. Whle ecsystems are disrupted. The cnclusin, Fricke says, is clear: we must cnserve currently endangered species and restre the ppulatins f imprtant seed dispersers. “Independent f climate change, rewilding has the ptential t benefit ur ecsystems, but in a changing climate, it has the added benefit f increasing the climate resilience f thse ecsystems,” he says.
28. The authr mentins the African savanna elephant in Paragraph 1 t ________.
A. prvide a slutinB. predict the ending
C. express an pininD. highlight the prblem
29. As fr seed-dispersing animals, which wuld the authr agree with?
A. They are vital and endangered.
B. They are being well cnserved.
C. They are unrelated t whle ecsystems.
D. They are widespread acrss the temperate regins.
30. What des Fricke cnclude frm the study?
A. Seed-dispersing animals play an imprtant rle in preventing climate change.
B. The lss f seed-dispersing animals has hardly affected temperate regins.
C. Rewilding can prmte the climate resilience f ur ecsystems.
D. Plants disperse seeds by way f animals excreting them.
D
A persn culd be frgiven fr believing 20 years ag that the Internet wuld sn revlutinise academic publishing, because it became pssible fr publishers t spread schlarly wrk at the click f a buttn — much cheaper than the traditinal subscriptin-based (订阅) mdel. Recgnising the pprtunity, many schlars and librarians started t advcate a new, pen access mdel, in which articles are made freely available nline t anyne. The result wuld be a true nline public library f science.
Hwever, mre than tw decades later, the mvement has made little prgress, and the traditinal subscriptin-based mdel remains entrenched.
Frtunately, things are changing. A big she drpped when the University f Califrnia (UC) Libraries, n f the biggest library systems, declined t renew its cntract with Elsevier, a leading scientific publisher. Elsevier wanted the libraries t pay tw fees: ne fr its package f licensed jurnals and the ther fr the use f Elsevier’s pen access mdel. UC Libraries wanted the licensed jurnals fee t cver the pen access fee; they als wanted pen access t all UC researches published in Elsevier jurnals. When the tw sides culdn’t cme t terms, the libraries walked away.
Actually, the pen access revlutin is mre likely t be led by research funding agencies, wh can use their purse pwer t prmte pen access. A team f funders, Calitin S, insisted that any research they fund shuld be published in a jurnal that makes all f its articles freely and immediately available t the public, which is called Plan S.
Nw that sme librarians and funders are flexing their muscles, what shuld academics d? The wrst respnse wuld be t cmplain that Plan S deprives (剥夺) them f academic freedm. Sme thughtful academics might wrry that a shift t pen access wuld affect their prmtin. After all, subscriptin jurnals are mre familiar and mre prestigius (有威望的) in the current system. Hwever, if enugh academics supprt pen access, the system culd reach a tipping pint beynd which subscriptins n lnger signal prestige. Reaching that pint wuld take cnsiderable time and effrts, but it is pssible.
When the jurnal system started in 1665, it was kind f a frm f pen access. Jurnals allwed academics t learn penly frm ne anther. It was nly in the 1900s that the jurnal system became thrughly cmmditized (商品化). Nw is the time t bring it back t its rts.
31 What des the underlined wrd “entrenched” in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A. Unppular.B. Unfixed.C. Unchanged.D. Unknwn.
32. What is the main cause f the failed negtiatin between UC Libraries and Elsevier?
A. The number f published researches.
B. The charge fr pen access mdel.
C. The duratin f the cntract.
D. The way f payment.
33. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Academics think pen access mdel will help them get prmted.
B. Publishers are willing t abandn the subscriptin mdel gradually.
C. Establishing a true nline public library f science requires jint effrts.
D. Open access mdel will sn take the place f subscriptin-based mdel.
34. What is the authr’s attitude twards the pen access mdel?
A. Disapprving.B. Indifferent.C. Dubtful.D. Supprtive.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emjis are everywhere. They ffer effective and fun ways t interact with thers. Used well, they can becme an engaging and creative additin t cmmunicatin. ____35____
One well-chsen emji can replace many wrds f text ____36____ Or a thumbs-up emji might save yu frm writing ut yur agreement t smething in full.
____37____ And when yu can’t hear smene’s tne f vice r read their bdy language, an image can be particularly helpful fr understanding their meaning.
Emjis are clear, clrful, and designed t cnvey a single message memrably — which has been shwn t increase interest and engagement. They stand ut amng text, especially when the recipient is wrking quickly r n the mve.
Many emjis mean the same thing t everyne, everywhere. ____38____ Fr example, a smiling face emji will let anyne knw that yu’re happy, whatever language yu speak!
Emjis can help yu t shw yur human side, making yu seem friendlier and mre apprachable. What’s mre, the brain reacts t images f faces, and t real faces, in a very similar way.
Alngside all the ptential benefits f emjis that we’ve listed abve, there are als dangers yu’ll need t guard against. ____39____ Fr example, a red-faced character culd be angry, r embarrassed. Like any language, yu need t “speak Emji” with care. If nt, yu run the risk f creating cnfusin, cnveying the wrng impressin, r even causing serius ffense.
A. Here are sme f the reasns why emjis are s ppular.
B. Many emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
C. An emji is ften easier and quicker t understand than a written explanatin.
D. S they can break thrugh language barriers, and prmte easy cmmunicatin.
E. Fr example, yu culd select an emji f a huse t set yur status as “wrking frm hme.”
F. A prly chsen emji can cause prblems, because sme f the images are nt universally understd.
G. Fr example, the crssed fingers emji means gd luck in sme places, but it’s seen as an implite sign in thers.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Skyscrapers (摩天大楼) are the ultimate symbl f urban life. By 2050, almst 80 percent f the earth’s ppulatin culd live in cities. The human ppulatin culd increase t 9.1 billin peple yet the amunt f land available fr farming will be the same. Hw t meet the increasing fd needs f ur planet culd be a big prblem.
Vertical farms, where urban farmers culd grw crps in envirnmentally friendly skyscrapers, culd be the slutin. In spite f cncerns ver high csts, experts want t make these urban farms a reality and use these skyscrapers t grw crps. They believe that we can increase fd prductin by changing ur thinking frm ut t up.
Vertical farms wuld have many advantages, experts say. The fd wuld be grwn with minimal effects n the envirnment. Unlike traditinal farming, vertical farming wuld nt frce animals ut f their habitats by taking ver large areas f land, nr wuld it pllute the air with the use f heavy farming equipment. Thse farms wuld als reduce the cst and negative effects f transprting fd ver lng distances. These have been well recgnized.
Grwing prsperity has led t many peple demanding that all fds are available all year rund. Indr farming culd prduce crps cnstantly and crps wuld nt suffer frm weather-related prblems like drught r flding. In additin, the use f agricultural chemicals fr cntrlling insects wuld be minimal.
Experts agree that new farming practices are needed t supprt the planet’s need fr mre and mre fd at affrdable csts, bth t the farmer and t the cnsumer. Vertical farms may be a small-scale answer, but the best ideas culd be yet t cme.
40. Accrding t this passage, what culd be a big prblem?
_______________________________________________________________
41. What wuld be the advantages f vertical farming?
_______________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Vertical farms culd meet peple’s demand fr available fd all year rund, because it culd prduce crps cnstantly and crps wuld nt be affected by any prblems.
_______________________________________________________________
43. In additin t vertical farms, what else d yu think can help slve the fd shrtage? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim遇到了时间管理方面的问题，特发来邮件向你求助，请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 给出建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
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