还剩19页未读，
继续阅读
2022-2023学年北京市房山区高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）
展开
这是一份2022-2023学年北京市房山区高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
房山区2022-2023学年度第一学期诊断性评价
高二英语
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At about 11 p.m., Janet got off the train, went into her car and started driving home. She was so familiar with the route that she almost___1___automatically: turned left to the Station Road, then another left onto Montauk Highway, and then — bang! When Janet’s car had just crossed the railroad tracks, it hit another vehicle and was___2___back onto the tracks. Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up, she was___3___in the vehicle.
As it happened, Andrew was just about to go to sleep when he heard a sharp noise and saw the accident not far outside his bedroom window. As a retired___4___, Andrew, who was 69, fetched a flashlight and rushed out without___5___.
Arriving at the spot, Andrew looked around and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks. And then he heard the bell ring, which signaled a train’s arrival.
The train was running toward them at a speed of some 105 kilometers per hour. The driver’s ___7___cannot be opened due to the collision, so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door. He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to___9___as soon as possible. Several seconds later, the train crashed into the vehicle.
“Last night,” said Gregory, Chief of the Department in South Country Ambulance, “the_____10_____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , not in a fire truck.”
1. A. drove B. walked C. rode D. hiked
2. A. brought B. went C. pushed D. moved
3. A. engaged B. stuck C. absorbed D. spotted
4. A. doctor B. driver C. firefighter D. engineer
5. A. patience B. doubt C. exception D. hesitation
6. A. predicted B. realized C. observed D. discovered
7. A. window B. door C. belt D. handle
8. A. aside B. down C. on D. up
9. A. safety B. security C. station D. shelter
10. A. reporter B. police C. hero D. soldier
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了珍妮特的车在穿越火车铁轨时与另一辆车相撞，造成她的车被甩回了铁轨上并且她也被卡在车里，危急时刻69岁的退休消防员安德鲁勇敢地解救她的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对这条路线非常熟悉以至于她可以自动驾驶：向左到达车站路然后左转上蒙托克公路，然后——“砰”的一声。A. drove驾驶；B. walked走路；C. rode骑；D. hiked远足。根据前文“At about 11 p.m., Janet got off the train, went into her car and started driving home.”可知，珍妮特下了火车准备开车回家，由于她对道路很熟悉几乎可以达到自动驾驶的程度，此处drove为原词复现。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当珍妮特的车刚穿过铁轨时，它撞上了另一辆车并且又被推回到铁轨上。A. brought带来；B. went去；C. pushed推；D. moved移动。根据后文“Arriving at the spot, Andrew looked around and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks.”可知，安德鲁在到达事发地点时看见珍妮特的汽车横跨在铁轨上，推断出事故发生时珍妮特的车又被推到了铁轨上, push back意为“推回”，符合题意。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她受伤了但是被撞车和弹起的安全气囊冲击后，她被卡在了车里。A. engaged从事；B. stuck卡住；C. absorbed吸收；D. spotted看见。根据前文“Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up”可知，珍妮特受伤了而且被撞车和打开的安全气囊冲击，推断出她被卡在车里出不去。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休的消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. doctor医生；B. driver司机；C. firefighter消防员；D. engineer工程师。根据后文“the____10____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , not in a fire truck.”可知，安德鲁是穿着睡衣救人的而不是坐着消防车，推断出他在退休之前是一名消防员。故选C项.
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. patience耐心；B. doubt怀疑；C. exception例外；D. hesitation犹豫。根据前文“rushed out”和后文“arrived in pajamas”可知，安德鲁在看见事故后是穿着睡衣冲出去的，推断出他是毫不犹豫去现场救人的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达了事发现场地点，安德鲁环顾四周发现珍妮特的车正横跨在铁轨上。A. predicted预测；B. realized意识到；C. observed遵守；D. discovered发现。根据前文“looked around”可知，安德鲁环顾四周，车子横跨在铁轨上应该是他发现的事实。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机的门由于碰撞不能打开，所以安德鲁快速的跑到了另一边设法打开了门。A. window窗户；B. door门；C. belt腰带；D. handle把手。根据后文“so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door”可知，安德鲁快速跑向另一边并设法打开门，推断出驾驶室的门打不开了。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. aside在旁边；B. down向下；C. on在上面；D. up向上。根据前文“the airbags that popped up”可知，安全气囊打开了，根据常识可知安德鲁要救出珍妮特需要先把安全气囊放到一边，put aside意为“放到一边”，符合题意。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. safety安全场所；B. security保护措施；C. station车站；D. shelter住所。根据前文“The train was running toward them at a speed of some 105 kilometers per hour.”可知，火车马上就要开过来了，推断出安德鲁把珍妮特从车里救出来后为了躲避火车的撞击把她送到了安全的地方。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐着消防车。A. Reporter记者；B. police警察；C. hero英雄；D. soldier士兵。根据前文“He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to___9___as soon as possible.”可知，安德鲁救出了车祸中的珍妮特，所以推断出他是一名英雄。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Stephen Curry was thought by many people to be unsuitable for a career in professional basketball. However,____11____(select) for the NBA in 2009, he joined the Golden State Warriors and performed____12____everyone’s expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts. In 2015, Stephen____13____(win) his first NBA championship, and he led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975.
【答案】11. selected
12. beyond 13. won
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了斯蒂芬·库里被许多人认为不适合从事职业篮球生涯。然而，他用精准的投篮和不断的努力超出了所有人的预期。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。非谓语动词select的逻辑主语是Stephen，两者之间是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词表被动，作状语。故填selected。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。however表示转折，别人认为他不适合打职业篮球，他超出所有人预期，介词超出是beyond，故填beyond。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬赢得了他的第一个NBA总冠军，他带领勇士队获得了自1975年以来的第一个总冠军。主语Stephen后缺少谓语，根据时间状语in 2015，可知，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填won。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
People in Paris love the view of the city’s old____14____(building), especially Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris (巴黎圣母院).____15____the top of the 850-year-old church and two-thirds of the roof were destroyed by a fire on April 16. Parisians were so shocked and gathered around the giant church,____16____(pray) for the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames.
【答案】14. buildings
15. But 16. praying
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴黎圣母院发生火灾的故事。
【14题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：巴黎人喜欢这座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。此处是名词所有格，即“名词+of+名词”，表示“……的……”，所以此处应用名词，且不止一个建筑，用可数名词building的复数形式表泛指。故填buildings。
【15题详解】
考查连词。句意：但这座有850年历史的教堂顶部和三分之二的屋顶在4月16日被大火摧毁。与上文形成转折关系，用并列连词but，首字母大写。故填But。
16题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，聚集在这座巨大的教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。空前已有谓语，该空与空前谓语无连词连接，动词pray用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Parisians与动词pray是主谓关系，pray用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填praying。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the____17____(long) bridge built over permafrost in the world. A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, some of____18____stop to eat grass at their leisure. Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway____19____(allow) the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat. Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem totally unaware____20____we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
【答案】17. longest
18. which 19. to allow
20. that
【解析】
【导语】本文属于记叙文。描述了在清水河大桥飞驰而过时看到的情景。
【17题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是壮观的清水河大桥，这是世界上最长的建在永久冻土上的桥。根据冠词“the”及名词“bridge”可知，此处需要形容词最高级作定语修饰名词。故填longest。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一群藏羚羊正在桥下活动，一些停下来悠闲地吃草。分析题干可知，此处是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词是“Tibetan antelopes ”，指物，关系代词用which，作介词“of”的宾语。故填which。
【19题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：铁路下面已经修了33条通道，让动物们在自然栖息地安全自由地活动。句中已有谓语动词“have been built”，所以此处需要非谓语动词形式，分析句意可知，此处是作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to allow。
【20题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正在以每小时100多公里的速度飞驰而过。根据“They seem totally unaware”可知空处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，故用无任何意义，只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Would you like to make contributions to your community?
Members of Love Zone are creative and responsible, making them perfectly ready to help handle various problems through volunteering.
If you want to make a difference in your community, or be a part of something bigger than yourself, then this is the place to start. Here are a few organizations of Love Zone with volunteer opportunities for teens!
Habitat for Humanity
Everyone deserves to have a place they call home. By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity, you can play a role in building up your community. Their Habitat Youth Programs accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40.
Meals on Wheels
For those teens who just got their licenses, here’s a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile. 200 million meals have been delivered so far. You can connect with your local provider to get involved. Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly.
Key Club
As the oldest service program for high school students, the Key Club has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering. Because clubs are student-led, you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do. Chances are, there’s already a chapter in your school, but if not, you can try taking the lead in one.
Best Buddies
Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people. Join a school chapter (or start your own) to use friendship as a tool to improve the sense of belonging in your community.
And don’t worry. Even if you can’t volunteer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available! If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization, please click at www.Love Zone.org.
21. What is required for joining Meals on Wheels?
A. A driver’s license. B. A nurse’s license.
C. A teacher certificate. D. An architect certificate.
22. To help people with developmental disabilities, you can join .
A. Habitat for Humanity B. Meals on Wheels
C. Key Club D. Best Buddies
23. The author writes this passage to .
A. get more people to contribute to society
B. teach teens to be creative and responsible
C. raise public awareness of community affairs
D. instruct teens in ways to earn volunteer hours
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为应用文。作者通过介绍Love Zone组织和它提供的几个志愿者活动项目，号召更多的年轻人去做志愿者。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由Meals on Wheels中的“For those teens who just got their licenses, here’s a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile. 200 million meals have been delivered so far. (对于那些刚刚拿到驾照的青少年来说，这里有一个志愿者的机会，这将使驾驶变得值得。到目前为止，已经提供了2亿份餐食)”和“Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly. (Meals on Wheels旨在满足老年人的营养和社会需求)”可知，有驾照的青少年可以加入志愿者Meals on Wheels给老人送饭。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由Best Buddies中的“Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people. (与Best Buddies一起做志愿者，帮助有智力和发育障碍的人，你可以让他们与其他人取得联系)”可知，为了帮助有发育障碍的人，你可以加入Best Buddies。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，作者介绍了Love Zone组织和它的志愿者活动，最后一段中的“Even if you can’t volunteer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available! If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization, please click at www.Love Zone.org. (即使你不能亲自做志愿者，也有很多在线志愿者的机会！如果你想了解更多关于加入一个有价值的志愿者组织的信息，请点击www.LoveZone.org)”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了号召更多的人去做志愿者。故选A项。
B
Born in 1928, Eugenio Monti, was the best young Italian skier of his generation. He became known as the Flying Redhead and won several national titles, but in 1951 an accident called an end to his skiing career. It was then that he switched to bobsleigh. In 1954 he won his first Italian championship and started to dominate the sport in Italy and be a force internationally for more than a decade. However, Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.
At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck, Austria, Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions, which made them favourites in the two-man event. Monti was desperate to add Olympic golds to his medal collection because he was 36 years old then and had already suffered serious problems with his knees, arguably running out of time to achieve his Olympic dreams. But they were in heated competition with the British team of Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon.
After two runs on the first day, the British led the field. On day two, however, a faulty axle (车轴) on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal, if it weren’t for Monti offering to lend them the bolt (螺栓) from his sled. The British pair went on to record the fastest time on that final run and won gold by just 0.12 seconds, while Monti and Siorpaes claimed the bronze.
Four days later in the four-man event, Monti’s selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team’s sled was damaged. Monti sent the Italian team’s mechanics to repair it, with the consequence that the Canadian team won gold, with Monti having to settle for another bronze.
Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games. And four years later, at the age of 40, at the 1968 Games in Grenoble, Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.
24. What can be learned about Eugenio Monti from the passage?
A. He completely failed in achieving medals at the 1964 Winter Games.
B. He had achieved national and international golds in skiing before 1951.
C. He helped Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon twice in Innsbruck, Austria.
D. He was awarded the first Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship.
25. What does the underlined word “favourties” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Sportsmen who have a strong fan base.
B. Competitors who are expected to win.
C. Athletes who receive better treatments.
D. Players who are liked better by people.
26. What can best describe Eugenio Monti according to the passage?
A. Generous and selfless.
B. Curious and adaptable.
C. Responsible and courageous.
D. Persevering and hardworking.
27. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Eugenio Monti—the Flying Redhead
B. Eugenio Monti—An Olympic Legend
C. Eugenio Monti—A Real Bobsleigh Champion
D. Eugenio Monti—An Athlete with Sportsmanship
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了出生于1928年的意大利最优秀的年轻滑雪者尤金尼奥·蒙蒂以及在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的事迹。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.(然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的运动员。)”可知，他被授予第一个顾拜旦体育精神奖章。故选D。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck, Austria, Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions, which made them favourites in the two-man event. (在1964年奥地利因斯布鲁克奥运会上，蒙蒂和他的搭档塞尔吉奥·西奥帕斯是卫冕世界冠军，这使他们成为两人项目的favourites)”可知，因为他们是卫冕世界冠军，所以成为两人项目最有希望获胜的，由此可知，划线单词“favourites”与B项“预计将获胜的竞争对手”意思一样。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“On day two, however, a faulty axle (车轴) on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal, if it weren’t for Monti offering to lend them the bolt (螺栓) from his sled. (然而，第二天，如果不是蒙蒂愿意把雪橇上的螺栓借给他们，雪橇上的轴有故障肯定会导致他们撤退。)”说明蒙蒂很慷慨；以及第四段“Four days later in the four-man event, Monti’s selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team’s sled was damaged.(四天后，在四人滑雪比赛中，当加拿大队雪橇的后轴受损时，蒙蒂对其他对手的无私再次显现出来。蒙蒂派意大利队的机械师去修理，结果加拿大队赢得了金牌，蒙蒂只得再拿一枚铜牌。)”可知，蒙蒂非常的无私。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.(然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的运动员。)”以及最后一段“Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games. And four years later, at the age of 40, at the 1968 Games in Grenoble, Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.(1964年冬季奥运会后，蒙蒂被授予顾拜旦体育精神奖章。四年后，在1968年格勒诺布尔奥运会上，40岁的蒙蒂终于实现了他成为奥运冠军的梦想。)”可知，尤金尼奥·蒙蒂虽然因为2次帮助雪橇出故障的对手而错失奥运金牌，但是展现了体育精神，是真正的雪橇冠军。故“Eugenio Monti -真正的雪橇冠军”适合做标题。故选C。
C
As I read about Sarah Loh’s journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League (AFL) last week, I was encouraged by the resilience (坚韧) she showed to become a leader in her sport, but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.
Loh had to deal with many of the same questions women in sports often face, such as: “How can a woman coach or lead when she has never played sports?” But as an Asian woman, Loh also faced questions with an added layer of racism: “What would a multicultural woman know about football?”
A recent Victoria University survey of 221 diverse women made up of current and former coaches, managers and board members found that half of the respondents were unhappy with their leadership roles and that many aspiring leaders believed their gender and background were barriers.
Women from different backgrounds, races, religions, classes and sexual orientations can sometimes experience multiple layers of injustice depending on the context. In order to address these inequalities, there are practical steps sporting organizations can take to create welcoming and inclusive environments for women in sports at every level.
In recent years, national sporting organizations across Australia have shown an increasing commitment to and engagement in the promotion of gender equality and respect to prevent violence against all women. Recognizing their own profile and influence, they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality, including through education and awareness-raising programs such as Carlton Respects.
Sports have an influence way beyond the field, court or green on which they’re played, and they provide an opportunity to set and maintain positive community standards.
While resilience is a great strength to possess as a leader, women of color, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women or those from refugee and migrant backgrounds shouldn’t be required to wear such a thick set of armor (防御) to simply work in sports. Surely respect, equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for.
28. What can we learn about Sarah Loh from the text?
A She faced unfair treatment as a player in the AFL.
B. She is the first Chinese chief executive in the AFL.
C. Her sports achievements made her a leader in the AFL.
D. Her road to success was hard due to her gender and race.
29. Which measure has been taken to solve the problem of gender inequality?
A. Strengthening females resilience by training.
B. Establishing more female sporting organizations.
C. Raising public awareness of violence against women.
D. Offering more opportunities for women to take sports.
30. The author writes this passage to .
A. recognize the value of female leaders
B. call for equality and respect for females
C. encourage more females to take sports
D. present the difficulties female leaders face
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官Sarah Loh遭遇的不公平对待为例，就该如何消除对女性的性别歧视，尊重她们，提了一些已经实施的和可以实施的措施。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As I read about Sarah Loh’s journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League (AFL) last week, I was encouraged by the resilience (坚韧) she showed to become a leader in her sport, but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there. (上周，当我读到Sarah Loh成为澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官的历程时，我因她成为这项运动的领导者表现出的坚韧而感到备受鼓舞，但同时也对她在这里所面临的不公平待遇感到失望)”可知，Sarah Loh遭受了不公平的对待。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Recognizing their own profile and influence, they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality, including through education and awareness-raising programs such as Carlton Respects. (认识到自己的形象和影响力，这些组织已采取积极措施，解决暴力和不平等的驱动因素，包括通过教育和提高认识项目，如Carlton Respects)”可知，为了解决性别不平等的问题和暴力问题，这些机构通过一些教育和提高认识项目提升公众对妇女暴力这一问题的意识。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Surely respect, equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for. (当然，对所有人的尊重，平等和安全要求并不过分)”可推知，本文以女性领袖Sarah Loh遭受的不公平的对待为例，旨在呼吁关注包含女性在内的所有人的尊重，平等和安全。故选B项。
D
Corals are comeback creatures. As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30,000 years, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times. But now, due to human activities, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change, a rise in global temperatures of 1.5℃ could cause coral reefs to decline 70-90%. The planet is about 1℃ hotter than in the 19th century and its seas are becoming warmer, stormier and more acidic (酸性的). This is already affecting relations between corals and the single-celled algae (海藻), which give them their color. When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white. This “bleaching” is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s. Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.
If corals go, divers and marine biologists are not the only people who will miss them. Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor, but support a quarter of the planet’s fish diversity. The fish that reefs shelter are especially valuable to their poorest human neighbors, many of whom depend on them as a source of protein. Roughly an eighth of the world’s population lives within 100 km of a reef. Corals also protect 150,000 km of shoreline in more than 100 countries and territories from the oceans buffeting (肆虐), as well as generating billions of dollars in tourism revenue.
Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive. They need protection from local sources of harm. Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms, building sites and blast fishing. Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.
Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs. Locals who fear for their livelihoods could be given work as rangers with the job of looking after the reserves. Visitors to marine parks can be required to pay a special tax, like what has been done in the Caribbean.
Many reefs that have been damaged could benefit from restoration. Coral’s biodiversity offers hope, because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions. Corals of the western Pacific, for example, can withstand higher temperatures than the same species in the eastern Pacific, which proves a way forward to encourage corals to grow in new spots.
31. According to the passage, what may happen to coral reefs when waters become warm?
A. Floating away. B. Changing forms.
C. Turning white. D. Becoming acidic.
32. According to Paragraph 4, the governments should .
A. ban people from fishing in the coral reef areas
B. reduce the number of visitors to the marine parks
C. call on volunteers to look after the marine reserves
D. carry out stricter rules on industries around the coast
33. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
A. Corals have experienced death and revival for five times.
B. Reefs play an important part in protecting the fish diversity.
C. Coral systems suffer from agriculture, tourism and fishing.
D. The growth of coral has nothing to do with the condition.
34. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To attach more importance to coral reefs protection.
B. To present the significance of coral reefs to the world.
C. To expose the influence of climate change on coral reefs.
D. To appeal to governments for quick action to save coral reefs.
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了珊瑚礁面临的复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white. (当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类就会漂走，让珊瑚礁变成一片幽灵般的白色)”可知，当海水变暖之后，珊瑚会变成白色，故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing. (政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并投入更多的精力来执行禁止过度捕捞的规定)”可知，政府应该对沿海地区的工业实行更严格的规定。故选D项
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times. (澳大利亚大堡礁的面积大致相当于意大利，但它曾5次死亡并复活)”可知，澳大利亚大堡礁曾经历过5次死亡并复活，并不是说所有的珊瑚礁，选项A错误；根据第三段中“Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor, but support a quarter of the planet’s fish diversity. (珊瑚礁只占海床的百分之一，却支撑着地球上四分之一的鱼类多样性)”可知，珊瑚礁对于鱼类的多样性的保护方面有着重要的作用，选项B与文意相符；倒数第三段中“Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms, building sites and blast fishing. Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing. (它们的生态系统遭受农场、建筑工地和爆破捕鱼的威胁。各国政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规定)”可知，珊瑚礁受到农业、工业和过度捕捞的影响，选项C错误；最后一段中“Coral’s biodiversity offers hope, because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions.(珊瑚的生物多样性带来了希望，因为相同的珊瑚在不同的条件下会有不同的生长)”说明珊瑚礁的生长会受到条件的影响，选项D错误。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章，根据第一段最后一句“But now, due to human activity, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.(但现在，由于人类的活动，珊瑚面临着迄今为止最复杂的环境条件)”引出本文的话题，文章接着描述了珊瑚礁面临的复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议。由此推知，文章的主要目的是想提高人们对珊瑚礁的保护意识。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Find Your Muse Through Creative Pursuits
Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”?____35____Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse asthe source of their creativity or genius. The following tips can help you to find your muse.
Listen to music.
Songs, and music in general, can help you relax.____36____Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.
Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.
You may not have any concrete ideas, but simply writing something down can help generate creative thoughts. Consider it a form of brainstorming. Remember that you can always start over or revise previous thoughts before you finish a final draft. Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts.____37____It is best if you do this type of writing by hand, because it will connect you more fully to the writing process.
____38____
Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books. Each story was probably inspired from the author’s own exploration of other books or tales and things that happened to or around him in his daily lives.
Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.
____39____Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.
A. People find inspiration in all sorts of creative activities.
B. Read a lot of different stories to find creative inspiration.
C. Try free writing or journaling for 15 minutes every day.
D. Inspiration is something that comes easily for some people, but is a struggle for others.
E. The lyrics and the melodies you listen to can lighten thoughts that might weigh you down.
F. Have fun and encounter your artistic side without worrying about finding innovative ideas.
G. You can express yourself artistically without producing a professional drawing every time.
【答案】35 D 36. E 37. C 38. B 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何通过创造性的追求找到你的灵感的方法。
【35题详解】
结合前文“Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”?”（你有没有听过一句名言“天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水。”？）可知，天才的实现要有灵感和努力。后文“Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius. ”（一些艺术家、作家、诗人、音乐家，甚至科学家都把灵感视为他们创造力或天赋的源泉。）说明一些著名人物把灵感视为他们的创造力或天赋的源泉。所以空处应改承接前文，讲述灵感的获得是因人而异的。选项D.“灵感对某些人来说很容易获得，但对另一些人来说却是一种挣扎。”切题，故选D。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Songs, and music in general, can help you relax.”（一般来说，歌曲和音乐可以帮助你放松。）提到了歌曲和音乐的帮助作用。下文“Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.”（音乐，尤其是歌词，也可以把你带到一个特定的时间或地点，为你提供点子，帮助激发你自己的创造力。）特别提出音乐中歌词同样有着帮助作用。因而空处应承接前文，讲述在音乐中其它部分一样也有帮助。选项E.“你听到的歌词和旋律可以减轻让你颓丧的思想。”说明歌词和旋律一样有帮助意义，切题，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据本段标题“Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.”（想到什么就写什么，激发你的创造力。）前文“Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts.”（写作本身可以帮助你产生想法。）提到了通过写作可以激发创造力和灵感。因而空处应承接前文，讲述要给自己时间来写作。选项C.“尝试每天15分钟的自由写作或日记。”说明了每天要有自由写作时间，切题，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books.”（即使你写作时坚持一种风格，你也可以从不同类型的书籍中借用更小的概念、最新的趋势、个性喜好、风景观点等等。）说明通过阅读也可以激发你的创造力和灵感。因而作为段落标题句，应给说明通过阅读可以来寻找灵感的。选项B.“阅读许多不同的故事来寻找创造性的灵感。”切题，故选B。
【39题详解】
段落标题“Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.”（试着涂鸦或者画画来放松和激发你的创造力。）可知，涂鸦或者画画可以实现放松，同时激发你的创造力。后文“Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.”（相反，尝试自发的活动，如涂鸦或抽象绘画，作为一种创造性的方式，没有创造成品艺术所带来的压力。）可知，涂鸦等自由的绘画方式是一种创造性的方式，但不会带来压力。因此空处应讲述相对涂鸦而言，你不必通过专业的画来寻求自己的创造力。选项G.“你可以艺术地表达自己，而不用每次都画一幅专业的画。”切题，故选G。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep.
However, whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic（新陈代谢的）health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval（间隔）sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect people’s metabolisms.
Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.
He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day — but only if we choose to keep doing it.”
40. What inspired Professor Schrauwen to consider the role of exercise timing in metabolic health?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
41. What did Schrauwen’s new study figure out?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide whether the following statement is true or false and explain why.
Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
43. As for exercising, what do you think is the most important? Why? (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts.
41. For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon.
42. False, becuase professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research using a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment rather than using newly-collected data.
43. I think that morning exercise is the best time for me because I am pretty busy in the afternoon andI wake up early in the morning. I have fewer things to do at that time and have enough time to exercise.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了锻炼时间对新陈代谢的影响。不同的人群应该选择适合自己的锻炼时间。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段最后一句“Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect people’s metabolisms. ”（看到了高强度锻炼的不同影响，他想知道是否锻炼时间也可能会影响人们的新陈代谢。）可知，Professor Schrauwen看到了之前研究中高强度锻炼的影响后决定去考虑锻炼时间在新陈代谢中的作用。故答案为Seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. ”（他说：“这项研究确实表明，对于代谢紊乱的人来说，下午锻炼可能比之前做同样的锻炼更有益。”）可知，对有些人来说，下午锻炼比较好。故答案为For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. ”（顺带提一下，他和同事们在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。）可知，Professor Schrauwen和同事们做实验使用的数据是之前收集的，而不是新收集的。故“Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data.”（Professor Schrauwen和同事们使用新收集的数据实施实验。）是错误的。故答案为False, because professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research using a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment rather than using newly-collected data。
【43题详解】
开放性题目。问你认为锻炼中最重要的是什么并解释原因。故答案为I think that morning exercise is the best time for me because I am pretty busy in the afternoon andI wake up early in the morning. I have fewer things to do at that time and have enough time to exercise.或者I think that persistence is the most important thing in workout because exercising is very exhausting. Without persistence, it is easy to give up and it is also hard to make a difference in the short term。
第二节 作文（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会要组织主题为“和谐地球”绘画作品展览。请你代表学生会用英文给外籍教师史密斯先生写一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加此次展览的开幕式。内容包括：
1.开幕式的时间、地点和流程；
2.展览的主题和展期；
3.展览的作品及其特点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
词汇：展览 exhibition 和谐地球 Earth in Harmony
Dear Mr Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Student Union
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of “Earth in Harmony” ,which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon, from 2 pm to 5 pm.
Our ceremony will consist of three procedures—our headmaster’s announcement of the beginning, a speech to introduce the show and students’ performances to celebrate. The exhibition will last for a whole week. You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting. They are all related to the harmony relationship between human and nature.
Hope you are willing to join!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Student Union
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇邀请信。要求考生以学生会主席李华的身份给外籍教师史密斯先生写一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加主题为“和谐地球”绘画作品展的开幕式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→take part in
展览：exhibition→show
由…组成：consist of→be made from
各种各样的：various→a variety of
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The exhibition will last for a whole week. You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting.
拓展句：The exhibition will last for a whole week ,when you can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of “Harmony Earth” ,which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon, from 2 pm to 5 pm. (运用了it作形式主语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting. (运用了介词短语from ...to作后置定语)
房山区2022-2023学年度第一学期诊断性评价
高二英语
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At about 11 p.m., Janet got off the train, went into her car and started driving home. She was so familiar with the route that she almost___1___automatically: turned left to the Station Road, then another left onto Montauk Highway, and then — bang! When Janet’s car had just crossed the railroad tracks, it hit another vehicle and was___2___back onto the tracks. Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up, she was___3___in the vehicle.
As it happened, Andrew was just about to go to sleep when he heard a sharp noise and saw the accident not far outside his bedroom window. As a retired___4___, Andrew, who was 69, fetched a flashlight and rushed out without___5___.
Arriving at the spot, Andrew looked around and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks. And then he heard the bell ring, which signaled a train’s arrival.
The train was running toward them at a speed of some 105 kilometers per hour. The driver’s ___7___cannot be opened due to the collision, so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door. He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to___9___as soon as possible. Several seconds later, the train crashed into the vehicle.
“Last night,” said Gregory, Chief of the Department in South Country Ambulance, “the_____10_____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , not in a fire truck.”
1. A. drove B. walked C. rode D. hiked
2. A. brought B. went C. pushed D. moved
3. A. engaged B. stuck C. absorbed D. spotted
4. A. doctor B. driver C. firefighter D. engineer
5. A. patience B. doubt C. exception D. hesitation
6. A. predicted B. realized C. observed D. discovered
7. A. window B. door C. belt D. handle
8. A. aside B. down C. on D. up
9. A. safety B. security C. station D. shelter
10. A. reporter B. police C. hero D. soldier
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了珍妮特的车在穿越火车铁轨时与另一辆车相撞，造成她的车被甩回了铁轨上并且她也被卡在车里，危急时刻69岁的退休消防员安德鲁勇敢地解救她的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对这条路线非常熟悉以至于她可以自动驾驶：向左到达车站路然后左转上蒙托克公路，然后——“砰”的一声。A. drove驾驶；B. walked走路；C. rode骑；D. hiked远足。根据前文“At about 11 p.m., Janet got off the train, went into her car and started driving home.”可知，珍妮特下了火车准备开车回家，由于她对道路很熟悉几乎可以达到自动驾驶的程度，此处drove为原词复现。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当珍妮特的车刚穿过铁轨时，它撞上了另一辆车并且又被推回到铁轨上。A. brought带来；B. went去；C. pushed推；D. moved移动。根据后文“Arriving at the spot, Andrew looked around and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks.”可知，安德鲁在到达事发地点时看见珍妮特的汽车横跨在铁轨上，推断出事故发生时珍妮特的车又被推到了铁轨上, push back意为“推回”，符合题意。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她受伤了但是被撞车和弹起的安全气囊冲击后，她被卡在了车里。A. engaged从事；B. stuck卡住；C. absorbed吸收；D. spotted看见。根据前文“Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up”可知，珍妮特受伤了而且被撞车和打开的安全气囊冲击，推断出她被卡在车里出不去。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休的消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. doctor医生；B. driver司机；C. firefighter消防员；D. engineer工程师。根据后文“the____10____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , not in a fire truck.”可知，安德鲁是穿着睡衣救人的而不是坐着消防车，推断出他在退休之前是一名消防员。故选C项.
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. patience耐心；B. doubt怀疑；C. exception例外；D. hesitation犹豫。根据前文“rushed out”和后文“arrived in pajamas”可知，安德鲁在看见事故后是穿着睡衣冲出去的，推断出他是毫不犹豫去现场救人的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达了事发现场地点，安德鲁环顾四周发现珍妮特的车正横跨在铁轨上。A. predicted预测；B. realized意识到；C. observed遵守；D. discovered发现。根据前文“looked around”可知，安德鲁环顾四周，车子横跨在铁轨上应该是他发现的事实。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机的门由于碰撞不能打开，所以安德鲁快速的跑到了另一边设法打开了门。A. window窗户；B. door门；C. belt腰带；D. handle把手。根据后文“so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door”可知，安德鲁快速跑向另一边并设法打开门，推断出驾驶室的门打不开了。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. aside在旁边；B. down向下；C. on在上面；D. up向上。根据前文“the airbags that popped up”可知，安全气囊打开了，根据常识可知安德鲁要救出珍妮特需要先把安全气囊放到一边，put aside意为“放到一边”，符合题意。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. safety安全场所；B. security保护措施；C. station车站；D. shelter住所。根据前文“The train was running toward them at a speed of some 105 kilometers per hour.”可知，火车马上就要开过来了，推断出安德鲁把珍妮特从车里救出来后为了躲避火车的撞击把她送到了安全的地方。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐着消防车。A. Reporter记者；B. police警察；C. hero英雄；D. soldier士兵。根据前文“He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to___9___as soon as possible.”可知，安德鲁救出了车祸中的珍妮特，所以推断出他是一名英雄。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Stephen Curry was thought by many people to be unsuitable for a career in professional basketball. However,____11____(select) for the NBA in 2009, he joined the Golden State Warriors and performed____12____everyone’s expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts. In 2015, Stephen____13____(win) his first NBA championship, and he led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975.
【答案】11. selected
12. beyond 13. won
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了斯蒂芬·库里被许多人认为不适合从事职业篮球生涯。然而，他用精准的投篮和不断的努力超出了所有人的预期。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。非谓语动词select的逻辑主语是Stephen，两者之间是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词表被动，作状语。故填selected。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。however表示转折，别人认为他不适合打职业篮球，他超出所有人预期，介词超出是beyond，故填beyond。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬赢得了他的第一个NBA总冠军，他带领勇士队获得了自1975年以来的第一个总冠军。主语Stephen后缺少谓语，根据时间状语in 2015，可知，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填won。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
People in Paris love the view of the city’s old____14____(building), especially Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris (巴黎圣母院).____15____the top of the 850-year-old church and two-thirds of the roof were destroyed by a fire on April 16. Parisians were so shocked and gathered around the giant church,____16____(pray) for the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames.
【答案】14. buildings
15. But 16. praying
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴黎圣母院发生火灾的故事。
【14题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：巴黎人喜欢这座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。此处是名词所有格，即“名词+of+名词”，表示“……的……”，所以此处应用名词，且不止一个建筑，用可数名词building的复数形式表泛指。故填buildings。
【15题详解】
考查连词。句意：但这座有850年历史的教堂顶部和三分之二的屋顶在4月16日被大火摧毁。与上文形成转折关系，用并列连词but，首字母大写。故填But。
16题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，聚集在这座巨大的教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。空前已有谓语，该空与空前谓语无连词连接，动词pray用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Parisians与动词pray是主谓关系，pray用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填praying。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the____17____(long) bridge built over permafrost in the world. A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, some of____18____stop to eat grass at their leisure. Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway____19____(allow) the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat. Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem totally unaware____20____we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
【答案】17. longest
18. which 19. to allow
20. that
【解析】
【导语】本文属于记叙文。描述了在清水河大桥飞驰而过时看到的情景。
【17题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是壮观的清水河大桥，这是世界上最长的建在永久冻土上的桥。根据冠词“the”及名词“bridge”可知，此处需要形容词最高级作定语修饰名词。故填longest。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一群藏羚羊正在桥下活动，一些停下来悠闲地吃草。分析题干可知，此处是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词是“Tibetan antelopes ”，指物，关系代词用which，作介词“of”的宾语。故填which。
【19题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：铁路下面已经修了33条通道，让动物们在自然栖息地安全自由地活动。句中已有谓语动词“have been built”，所以此处需要非谓语动词形式，分析句意可知，此处是作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to allow。
【20题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正在以每小时100多公里的速度飞驰而过。根据“They seem totally unaware”可知空处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，故用无任何意义，只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Would you like to make contributions to your community?
Members of Love Zone are creative and responsible, making them perfectly ready to help handle various problems through volunteering.
If you want to make a difference in your community, or be a part of something bigger than yourself, then this is the place to start. Here are a few organizations of Love Zone with volunteer opportunities for teens!
Habitat for Humanity
Everyone deserves to have a place they call home. By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity, you can play a role in building up your community. Their Habitat Youth Programs accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40.
Meals on Wheels
For those teens who just got their licenses, here’s a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile. 200 million meals have been delivered so far. You can connect with your local provider to get involved. Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly.
Key Club
As the oldest service program for high school students, the Key Club has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering. Because clubs are student-led, you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do. Chances are, there’s already a chapter in your school, but if not, you can try taking the lead in one.
Best Buddies
Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people. Join a school chapter (or start your own) to use friendship as a tool to improve the sense of belonging in your community.
And don’t worry. Even if you can’t volunteer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available! If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization, please click at www.Love Zone.org.
21. What is required for joining Meals on Wheels?
A. A driver’s license. B. A nurse’s license.
C. A teacher certificate. D. An architect certificate.
22. To help people with developmental disabilities, you can join .
A. Habitat for Humanity B. Meals on Wheels
C. Key Club D. Best Buddies
23. The author writes this passage to .
A. get more people to contribute to society
B. teach teens to be creative and responsible
C. raise public awareness of community affairs
D. instruct teens in ways to earn volunteer hours
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为应用文。作者通过介绍Love Zone组织和它提供的几个志愿者活动项目，号召更多的年轻人去做志愿者。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由Meals on Wheels中的“For those teens who just got their licenses, here’s a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile. 200 million meals have been delivered so far. (对于那些刚刚拿到驾照的青少年来说，这里有一个志愿者的机会，这将使驾驶变得值得。到目前为止，已经提供了2亿份餐食)”和“Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly. (Meals on Wheels旨在满足老年人的营养和社会需求)”可知，有驾照的青少年可以加入志愿者Meals on Wheels给老人送饭。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由Best Buddies中的“Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people. (与Best Buddies一起做志愿者，帮助有智力和发育障碍的人，你可以让他们与其他人取得联系)”可知，为了帮助有发育障碍的人，你可以加入Best Buddies。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，作者介绍了Love Zone组织和它的志愿者活动，最后一段中的“Even if you can’t volunteer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available! If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization, please click at www.Love Zone.org. (即使你不能亲自做志愿者，也有很多在线志愿者的机会！如果你想了解更多关于加入一个有价值的志愿者组织的信息，请点击www.LoveZone.org)”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了号召更多的人去做志愿者。故选A项。
B
Born in 1928, Eugenio Monti, was the best young Italian skier of his generation. He became known as the Flying Redhead and won several national titles, but in 1951 an accident called an end to his skiing career. It was then that he switched to bobsleigh. In 1954 he won his first Italian championship and started to dominate the sport in Italy and be a force internationally for more than a decade. However, Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.
At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck, Austria, Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions, which made them favourites in the two-man event. Monti was desperate to add Olympic golds to his medal collection because he was 36 years old then and had already suffered serious problems with his knees, arguably running out of time to achieve his Olympic dreams. But they were in heated competition with the British team of Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon.
After two runs on the first day, the British led the field. On day two, however, a faulty axle (车轴) on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal, if it weren’t for Monti offering to lend them the bolt (螺栓) from his sled. The British pair went on to record the fastest time on that final run and won gold by just 0.12 seconds, while Monti and Siorpaes claimed the bronze.
Four days later in the four-man event, Monti’s selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team’s sled was damaged. Monti sent the Italian team’s mechanics to repair it, with the consequence that the Canadian team won gold, with Monti having to settle for another bronze.
Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games. And four years later, at the age of 40, at the 1968 Games in Grenoble, Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.
24. What can be learned about Eugenio Monti from the passage?
A. He completely failed in achieving medals at the 1964 Winter Games.
B. He had achieved national and international golds in skiing before 1951.
C. He helped Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon twice in Innsbruck, Austria.
D. He was awarded the first Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship.
25. What does the underlined word “favourties” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Sportsmen who have a strong fan base.
B. Competitors who are expected to win.
C. Athletes who receive better treatments.
D. Players who are liked better by people.
26. What can best describe Eugenio Monti according to the passage?
A. Generous and selfless.
B. Curious and adaptable.
C. Responsible and courageous.
D. Persevering and hardworking.
27. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Eugenio Monti—the Flying Redhead
B. Eugenio Monti—An Olympic Legend
C. Eugenio Monti—A Real Bobsleigh Champion
D. Eugenio Monti—An Athlete with Sportsmanship
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了出生于1928年的意大利最优秀的年轻滑雪者尤金尼奥·蒙蒂以及在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的事迹。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.(然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的运动员。)”可知，他被授予第一个顾拜旦体育精神奖章。故选D。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck, Austria, Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions, which made them favourites in the two-man event. (在1964年奥地利因斯布鲁克奥运会上，蒙蒂和他的搭档塞尔吉奥·西奥帕斯是卫冕世界冠军，这使他们成为两人项目的favourites)”可知，因为他们是卫冕世界冠军，所以成为两人项目最有希望获胜的，由此可知，划线单词“favourites”与B项“预计将获胜的竞争对手”意思一样。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“On day two, however, a faulty axle (车轴) on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal, if it weren’t for Monti offering to lend them the bolt (螺栓) from his sled. (然而，第二天，如果不是蒙蒂愿意把雪橇上的螺栓借给他们，雪橇上的轴有故障肯定会导致他们撤退。)”说明蒙蒂很慷慨；以及第四段“Four days later in the four-man event, Monti’s selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team’s sled was damaged.(四天后，在四人滑雪比赛中，当加拿大队雪橇的后轴受损时，蒙蒂对其他对手的无私再次显现出来。蒙蒂派意大利队的机械师去修理，结果加拿大队赢得了金牌，蒙蒂只得再拿一枚铜牌。)”可知，蒙蒂非常的无私。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.(然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的运动员。)”以及最后一段“Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games. And four years later, at the age of 40, at the 1968 Games in Grenoble, Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.(1964年冬季奥运会后，蒙蒂被授予顾拜旦体育精神奖章。四年后，在1968年格勒诺布尔奥运会上，40岁的蒙蒂终于实现了他成为奥运冠军的梦想。)”可知，尤金尼奥·蒙蒂虽然因为2次帮助雪橇出故障的对手而错失奥运金牌，但是展现了体育精神，是真正的雪橇冠军。故“Eugenio Monti -真正的雪橇冠军”适合做标题。故选C。
C
As I read about Sarah Loh’s journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League (AFL) last week, I was encouraged by the resilience (坚韧) she showed to become a leader in her sport, but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.
Loh had to deal with many of the same questions women in sports often face, such as: “How can a woman coach or lead when she has never played sports?” But as an Asian woman, Loh also faced questions with an added layer of racism: “What would a multicultural woman know about football?”
A recent Victoria University survey of 221 diverse women made up of current and former coaches, managers and board members found that half of the respondents were unhappy with their leadership roles and that many aspiring leaders believed their gender and background were barriers.
Women from different backgrounds, races, religions, classes and sexual orientations can sometimes experience multiple layers of injustice depending on the context. In order to address these inequalities, there are practical steps sporting organizations can take to create welcoming and inclusive environments for women in sports at every level.
In recent years, national sporting organizations across Australia have shown an increasing commitment to and engagement in the promotion of gender equality and respect to prevent violence against all women. Recognizing their own profile and influence, they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality, including through education and awareness-raising programs such as Carlton Respects.
Sports have an influence way beyond the field, court or green on which they’re played, and they provide an opportunity to set and maintain positive community standards.
While resilience is a great strength to possess as a leader, women of color, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women or those from refugee and migrant backgrounds shouldn’t be required to wear such a thick set of armor (防御) to simply work in sports. Surely respect, equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for.
28. What can we learn about Sarah Loh from the text?
A She faced unfair treatment as a player in the AFL.
B. She is the first Chinese chief executive in the AFL.
C. Her sports achievements made her a leader in the AFL.
D. Her road to success was hard due to her gender and race.
29. Which measure has been taken to solve the problem of gender inequality?
A. Strengthening females resilience by training.
B. Establishing more female sporting organizations.
C. Raising public awareness of violence against women.
D. Offering more opportunities for women to take sports.
30. The author writes this passage to .
A. recognize the value of female leaders
B. call for equality and respect for females
C. encourage more females to take sports
D. present the difficulties female leaders face
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官Sarah Loh遭遇的不公平对待为例，就该如何消除对女性的性别歧视，尊重她们，提了一些已经实施的和可以实施的措施。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As I read about Sarah Loh’s journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League (AFL) last week, I was encouraged by the resilience (坚韧) she showed to become a leader in her sport, but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there. (上周，当我读到Sarah Loh成为澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官的历程时，我因她成为这项运动的领导者表现出的坚韧而感到备受鼓舞，但同时也对她在这里所面临的不公平待遇感到失望)”可知，Sarah Loh遭受了不公平的对待。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Recognizing their own profile and influence, they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality, including through education and awareness-raising programs such as Carlton Respects. (认识到自己的形象和影响力，这些组织已采取积极措施，解决暴力和不平等的驱动因素，包括通过教育和提高认识项目，如Carlton Respects)”可知，为了解决性别不平等的问题和暴力问题，这些机构通过一些教育和提高认识项目提升公众对妇女暴力这一问题的意识。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Surely respect, equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for. (当然，对所有人的尊重，平等和安全要求并不过分)”可推知，本文以女性领袖Sarah Loh遭受的不公平的对待为例，旨在呼吁关注包含女性在内的所有人的尊重，平等和安全。故选B项。
D
Corals are comeback creatures. As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30,000 years, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times. But now, due to human activities, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change, a rise in global temperatures of 1.5℃ could cause coral reefs to decline 70-90%. The planet is about 1℃ hotter than in the 19th century and its seas are becoming warmer, stormier and more acidic (酸性的). This is already affecting relations between corals and the single-celled algae (海藻), which give them their color. When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white. This “bleaching” is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s. Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.
If corals go, divers and marine biologists are not the only people who will miss them. Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor, but support a quarter of the planet’s fish diversity. The fish that reefs shelter are especially valuable to their poorest human neighbors, many of whom depend on them as a source of protein. Roughly an eighth of the world’s population lives within 100 km of a reef. Corals also protect 150,000 km of shoreline in more than 100 countries and territories from the oceans buffeting (肆虐), as well as generating billions of dollars in tourism revenue.
Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive. They need protection from local sources of harm. Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms, building sites and blast fishing. Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.
Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs. Locals who fear for their livelihoods could be given work as rangers with the job of looking after the reserves. Visitors to marine parks can be required to pay a special tax, like what has been done in the Caribbean.
Many reefs that have been damaged could benefit from restoration. Coral’s biodiversity offers hope, because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions. Corals of the western Pacific, for example, can withstand higher temperatures than the same species in the eastern Pacific, which proves a way forward to encourage corals to grow in new spots.
31. According to the passage, what may happen to coral reefs when waters become warm?
A. Floating away. B. Changing forms.
C. Turning white. D. Becoming acidic.
32. According to Paragraph 4, the governments should .
A. ban people from fishing in the coral reef areas
B. reduce the number of visitors to the marine parks
C. call on volunteers to look after the marine reserves
D. carry out stricter rules on industries around the coast
33. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
A. Corals have experienced death and revival for five times.
B. Reefs play an important part in protecting the fish diversity.
C. Coral systems suffer from agriculture, tourism and fishing.
D. The growth of coral has nothing to do with the condition.
34. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To attach more importance to coral reefs protection.
B. To present the significance of coral reefs to the world.
C. To expose the influence of climate change on coral reefs.
D. To appeal to governments for quick action to save coral reefs.
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了珊瑚礁面临的复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white. (当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类就会漂走，让珊瑚礁变成一片幽灵般的白色)”可知，当海水变暖之后，珊瑚会变成白色，故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing. (政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并投入更多的精力来执行禁止过度捕捞的规定)”可知，政府应该对沿海地区的工业实行更严格的规定。故选D项
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times. (澳大利亚大堡礁的面积大致相当于意大利，但它曾5次死亡并复活)”可知，澳大利亚大堡礁曾经历过5次死亡并复活，并不是说所有的珊瑚礁，选项A错误；根据第三段中“Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor, but support a quarter of the planet’s fish diversity. (珊瑚礁只占海床的百分之一，却支撑着地球上四分之一的鱼类多样性)”可知，珊瑚礁对于鱼类的多样性的保护方面有着重要的作用，选项B与文意相符；倒数第三段中“Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms, building sites and blast fishing. Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing. (它们的生态系统遭受农场、建筑工地和爆破捕鱼的威胁。各国政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规定)”可知，珊瑚礁受到农业、工业和过度捕捞的影响，选项C错误；最后一段中“Coral’s biodiversity offers hope, because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions.(珊瑚的生物多样性带来了希望，因为相同的珊瑚在不同的条件下会有不同的生长)”说明珊瑚礁的生长会受到条件的影响，选项D错误。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章，根据第一段最后一句“But now, due to human activity, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.(但现在，由于人类的活动，珊瑚面临着迄今为止最复杂的环境条件)”引出本文的话题，文章接着描述了珊瑚礁面临的复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议。由此推知，文章的主要目的是想提高人们对珊瑚礁的保护意识。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Find Your Muse Through Creative Pursuits
Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”?____35____Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse asthe source of their creativity or genius. The following tips can help you to find your muse.
Listen to music.
Songs, and music in general, can help you relax.____36____Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.
Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.
You may not have any concrete ideas, but simply writing something down can help generate creative thoughts. Consider it a form of brainstorming. Remember that you can always start over or revise previous thoughts before you finish a final draft. Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts.____37____It is best if you do this type of writing by hand, because it will connect you more fully to the writing process.
____38____
Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books. Each story was probably inspired from the author’s own exploration of other books or tales and things that happened to or around him in his daily lives.
Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.
____39____Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.
A. People find inspiration in all sorts of creative activities.
B. Read a lot of different stories to find creative inspiration.
C. Try free writing or journaling for 15 minutes every day.
D. Inspiration is something that comes easily for some people, but is a struggle for others.
E. The lyrics and the melodies you listen to can lighten thoughts that might weigh you down.
F. Have fun and encounter your artistic side without worrying about finding innovative ideas.
G. You can express yourself artistically without producing a professional drawing every time.
【答案】35 D 36. E 37. C 38. B 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何通过创造性的追求找到你的灵感的方法。
【35题详解】
结合前文“Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”?”（你有没有听过一句名言“天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水。”？）可知，天才的实现要有灵感和努力。后文“Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius. ”（一些艺术家、作家、诗人、音乐家，甚至科学家都把灵感视为他们创造力或天赋的源泉。）说明一些著名人物把灵感视为他们的创造力或天赋的源泉。所以空处应改承接前文，讲述灵感的获得是因人而异的。选项D.“灵感对某些人来说很容易获得，但对另一些人来说却是一种挣扎。”切题，故选D。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Songs, and music in general, can help you relax.”（一般来说，歌曲和音乐可以帮助你放松。）提到了歌曲和音乐的帮助作用。下文“Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.”（音乐，尤其是歌词，也可以把你带到一个特定的时间或地点，为你提供点子，帮助激发你自己的创造力。）特别提出音乐中歌词同样有着帮助作用。因而空处应承接前文，讲述在音乐中其它部分一样也有帮助。选项E.“你听到的歌词和旋律可以减轻让你颓丧的思想。”说明歌词和旋律一样有帮助意义，切题，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据本段标题“Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.”（想到什么就写什么，激发你的创造力。）前文“Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts.”（写作本身可以帮助你产生想法。）提到了通过写作可以激发创造力和灵感。因而空处应承接前文，讲述要给自己时间来写作。选项C.“尝试每天15分钟的自由写作或日记。”说明了每天要有自由写作时间，切题，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books.”（即使你写作时坚持一种风格，你也可以从不同类型的书籍中借用更小的概念、最新的趋势、个性喜好、风景观点等等。）说明通过阅读也可以激发你的创造力和灵感。因而作为段落标题句，应给说明通过阅读可以来寻找灵感的。选项B.“阅读许多不同的故事来寻找创造性的灵感。”切题，故选B。
【39题详解】
段落标题“Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.”（试着涂鸦或者画画来放松和激发你的创造力。）可知，涂鸦或者画画可以实现放松，同时激发你的创造力。后文“Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.”（相反，尝试自发的活动，如涂鸦或抽象绘画，作为一种创造性的方式，没有创造成品艺术所带来的压力。）可知，涂鸦等自由的绘画方式是一种创造性的方式，但不会带来压力。因此空处应讲述相对涂鸦而言，你不必通过专业的画来寻求自己的创造力。选项G.“你可以艺术地表达自己，而不用每次都画一幅专业的画。”切题，故选G。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep.
However, whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic（新陈代谢的）health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval（间隔）sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect people’s metabolisms.
Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.
He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day — but only if we choose to keep doing it.”
40. What inspired Professor Schrauwen to consider the role of exercise timing in metabolic health?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
41. What did Schrauwen’s new study figure out?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide whether the following statement is true or false and explain why.
Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
43. As for exercising, what do you think is the most important? Why? (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts.
41. For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon.
42. False, becuase professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research using a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment rather than using newly-collected data.
43. I think that morning exercise is the best time for me because I am pretty busy in the afternoon andI wake up early in the morning. I have fewer things to do at that time and have enough time to exercise.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了锻炼时间对新陈代谢的影响。不同的人群应该选择适合自己的锻炼时间。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段最后一句“Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect people’s metabolisms. ”（看到了高强度锻炼的不同影响，他想知道是否锻炼时间也可能会影响人们的新陈代谢。）可知，Professor Schrauwen看到了之前研究中高强度锻炼的影响后决定去考虑锻炼时间在新陈代谢中的作用。故答案为Seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. ”（他说：“这项研究确实表明，对于代谢紊乱的人来说，下午锻炼可能比之前做同样的锻炼更有益。”）可知，对有些人来说，下午锻炼比较好。故答案为For some people, it is better to work out in the afternoon。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. ”（顺带提一下，他和同事们在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。）可知，Professor Schrauwen和同事们做实验使用的数据是之前收集的，而不是新收集的。故“Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data.”（Professor Schrauwen和同事们使用新收集的数据实施实验。）是错误的。故答案为False, because professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research using a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment rather than using newly-collected data。
【43题详解】
开放性题目。问你认为锻炼中最重要的是什么并解释原因。故答案为I think that morning exercise is the best time for me because I am pretty busy in the afternoon andI wake up early in the morning. I have fewer things to do at that time and have enough time to exercise.或者I think that persistence is the most important thing in workout because exercising is very exhausting. Without persistence, it is easy to give up and it is also hard to make a difference in the short term。
第二节 作文（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会要组织主题为“和谐地球”绘画作品展览。请你代表学生会用英文给外籍教师史密斯先生写一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加此次展览的开幕式。内容包括：
1.开幕式的时间、地点和流程；
2.展览的主题和展期；
3.展览的作品及其特点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
词汇：展览 exhibition 和谐地球 Earth in Harmony
Dear Mr Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Student Union
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of “Earth in Harmony” ,which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon, from 2 pm to 5 pm.
Our ceremony will consist of three procedures—our headmaster’s announcement of the beginning, a speech to introduce the show and students’ performances to celebrate. The exhibition will last for a whole week. You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting. They are all related to the harmony relationship between human and nature.
Hope you are willing to join!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Student Union
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇邀请信。要求考生以学生会主席李华的身份给外籍教师史密斯先生写一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加主题为“和谐地球”绘画作品展的开幕式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→take part in
展览：exhibition→show
由…组成：consist of→be made from
各种各样的：various→a variety of
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The exhibition will last for a whole week. You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting.
拓展句：The exhibition will last for a whole week ,when you can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of “Harmony Earth” ,which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon, from 2 pm to 5 pm. (运用了it作形式主语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting. (运用了介词短语from ...to作后置定语)
相关试卷
北京市房山区2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份北京市房山区2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京市房山区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试卷（Word版附解析）： 这是一份北京市房山区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷含解析： 这是一份2022-2023学年北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
