北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

这是一份北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分, 共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I still remember that night many years ag. I was a yung adult at the time, and my thughts were ften cluded by dubts and fears abut my future. I ___1___t g ut fr a drive. It was a beautiful evening. But suddenly, my night turned int a ___2___ with a head-n crash.
I was ___3___ t hspital. I remember waiting in the hspital rm, my parents beside me. The dctr walked in and said “Yu’ll prbably have a (an)___4___ time walking, let alne be able t dance, r be invlved with sprts.”
Basketball was my favurite sprt and being n the schl team meant everything t me. I cried uncntrllably ___5___ the very wrst fr my future. My parents tk ver. “Thank yu fr yur advice,” they said ___6___, “Our daughter will be up and walking again sn.”
With determinatin and supprt f my family, I began the lng and ___7___rad t recvery. I had t learn hw t walk again.
During lng days sitting immbile, I started self-reflecting. I examined my life’s chices and where my life was heading. I had made a habit f ___8___ future events that had nt happened yet. My negative thughts created bad md.
What began as a nightmare (噩梦) gave me time t learn abut persnal change. With time, nt nly did I ___9___ and play basketball again, I learned t change the way I think. I learned t replace dubts and fear with hpe.
Every ____10____ is an pprtunity fr grwth. If we’re pen t change, ur jurneys can ffer paths with new views n life.
1. A. refusedB. hpedC. preparedD. decided
2. A. disasterB. lessnC. successD. mistake
3. A. calledB. rushedC. advisedD. allwed
4. A. fantasticB. bringC. difficultD. energetic
5. A. prvingB. nticingC. imaginingD. shwing
6. A. calmlyB. secretlyC. prudlyD. excitedly
7. A. lnelyB. smthC. pleasingD. challenging
8. A. wrrying abutB. dreaming fC. planning frD. learning abut
9. A. singB. danceC. driveD. swim
10. A. taskB. turnC. warnD. praise
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的一次车祸使自己改变了消极的思维方式，这使得作者成长。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定开车出去兜风。A. refused拒绝；B. hped希望；C. prepared准备；D. decided决定。根据上文“I was a yung adult at the time, and my thughts were ften cluded by dubts and fears abut my future.”可知，作者决定开车出去兜风。故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但突然之间，我的夜晚变成了一场灾难，迎面撞车了。A. disaster灾难；B. lessn课程；C. success成功； D. mistake错误。根据下文“a head-n crash”可知，迎面撞车了，所以是一场灾难。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被紧急送往医院。A. called呼叫；B. rushed冲，奔；C. advised建议；D. allwed允许。根据上文“But suddenly, my night turned int a ___2___ with a head-n crash.”可知，作者发生了车祸，所以被紧急送往医院。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生走进来说:“你可能连走路都很困难，更不用说跳舞或参加体育运动了”。A. fantastic极好的；B. bring令人厌烦的；C. difficult困难的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文可知，作者出了车祸。再根据下文“let alne be able t dance, r be invlved with sprts.”可知，作者走路很困难。故选C项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不由自主地哭了起来，想象着我未来最坏的打算。A. prving证明；B. nticing注意；C. imagining现象；D. shwing展示。根据上文“my thughts were ften cluded by dubts and fears abut my future.”可知，作者想象着未来最坏的打算。故选C项。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你的建议，”他们平静地说，“我们的女儿很快就会起来走路了”。A. calmly冷静地；B. secretly秘密地；C. prudly自豪地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据上文“Thank yu fr yur advice”可知，父母平静地说。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了决心和家人的支持，我开始了漫长而充满挑战的康复之路。A. lnely孤独的；B. smth光滑的；C. pleasing令人愉快的；D. challenging富于挑战性的。根据上文“the lng”以及常识可知，康复之路充满挑战。故选D项。
【8题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我已经养成了为尚未发生的事情担心的习惯。A. wrrying abut担忧；B. dreaming f梦想；C. planning fr为…计划；D. learning abut了解。根据上文“my thughts were ften cluded by dubts and fears abut my future.”以及下文“My negative thughts created bad md.”可知，作者养成了为尚未发生的事情担心的习惯。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不仅再次跳舞和打篮球，我还学会了改变我的思维方式。A. sing唱歌；B. dance跳舞；C. drive开车；D. swim游泳。 根据上文“let alne be able t dance”可知，作者恢复的不错，能够再次跳舞。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一次转折都是一次成长的机会。A. task 任务；B. turn转向，转折；C. warn警告；D. praise赞扬。根据上文“I learned t change the way I think. I learned t replace dubts and fear with hpe.”可知，每一次转折都是一次成长的机会。故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The “water ftprint” is a way t shw hw much fresh water a certain activity r prcess uses. Grwing crps ___11___ (need) a lt f water, s the water ftprint f fd is big. And animal prducts, like meat, milk and ___12___(egg), use even mre water. The fd we eat makes up the biggest part f ur persnal water ftprint. That’s ____13____ it’s imprtant nt t waste fd. When we thrw away fd, we’re nt nly wasting the fd itself, but als the water it tk t make it.
【答案】11. needs
12. eggs 13. why
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。“水足迹”是一种显示某种活动或过程使用了多少淡水的方法。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：种植作物需要大量的水，所以食物的水足迹很大。本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。动名词作主语谓语用单数。故填needs。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：动物产品，如肉、牛奶和鸡蛋，使用更多的水。egg为可数名词，表示多个鸡蛋，用复数形式作宾语。故填eggs。
【13题详解】
考查连接词。句意：这就是为什么不浪费食物很重要。空处为表语从句，表示“为什么”，用连接副词why。故填why。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing Opera is ne f China’s natinal treasures, which cmbines acting, talking, singing, music, dancing and acrbatics tgether. It ___14___ (begin) in the late 18th century. There are fur rles Beijing Opera perfrmers can play: sheng, dan, jing, chu. Each rle has its wn singing and acting styles. Perfrmers ften sing with very high vices. This is ___15___ Beijing Opera was usually perfrmed ___16___ pen-air stages in the early days. In rder t be heard ver the crwds, the music had t be lud and perfrmers had t sing in very high vices.
【答案】14. began
15 because
16. n
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国瑰宝之一——京剧。
【14题详解】
考查时态。句意：它始于18世纪末。这是考查谓语动词，It(Beijing Opera)与begin为主动关系，再由in the late 18th century可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填began。
【15题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这是因为早期京剧通常在露天舞台上表演。这里考查表语从句，本句话解释了前句Perfrmers ften sing with very high vices(表演者经常用很高的声音唱歌)，所以这里应用because引导，强调原因。故填because。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是因为早期京剧通常在露天舞台上表演。这里考查n stage表“在舞台上”，为固定搭配。故填n。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Sunflwers series stands as a true masterpiece. It was painted by Vincent van Ggh ___17___lived in the 19th century. The wrks celebrate life, nature and beauty ___18___ (find) in the mst rdinary bjects. The sunflwers spread warmth and jy, ___19___ invites us t tuch life’s pleasure, nature’s beauty and art’s pwer. The series is a timeless artwrk, ___20___ (inspire) peple with its beauty in rdinary mments.
【答案】17. wh##that
18 fund 19. which
20. inspiring
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了梵高的著名画作《向日葵》。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这幅画是梵高在19世纪画的。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为Vincent van Ggh，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh或者that。故填wh或that。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品颂扬了在最普通的物体中发现的生命、自然和美。空处为非谓语动词，life, nature and beauty与find为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填fund。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：向日葵散发着温暖和喜悦，邀请我们去感受生活的愉悦、自然的美丽和艺术的力量。此处是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的句子，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：这个系列是一件永恒的艺术品，在平凡的时刻用它的美激励着人们。此处是非谓语动词，与上文为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填inspiring。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Creative teens with a passin fr strytelling may just find their calling in the exciting wrld f film. There are plenty f pprtunities in this industry, frm prducing t editing t directing t technical wrk. Curius abut whether film-making is the path fr yu? Thrugh these prgrams designed fr high schl students, yu can find ut.
Summer Arts Institute
This free fur-week prgram fr students in grades 10 thrugh 12 is nt t be missed. Participants (参与者) can majr in several creative fields, including film. Students selected fr the prgram wrk with prfessinal artists t build skills and gain hands-n experience. The prgram ends with an exhibitin f participants’ wrk.
Cinematic Arts Prgram
The ldest film schl encurages high schl students t learn abut the wrld f filmmaking, screenwriting, cmputer animatin, r the film/televisin business thrugh these six-week summer sessins. Students take real cllege-level curses.
Teen Filmmaking Camps
In summer film camps, students will write, sht, direct and edit their wn films. In this prgram designed fr teens with little t n film experience, students receive in-class instructin and take part in n-set prductin, learning all abut the exciting wrld f strytelling thrugh film. The prgram ends with a screening f the participants’ wrks.
Museum f Media Teen Cuncil
The MM Teen Cuncil is a tw-mnth jb develpment prgram fr teens interested in the media arts wh want a lk at hw gd films are brn and hw a media museum wrks. Participants help the museum shape its prgram fferings. They can build leadership skills and teamwrk. They als get real-wrld prject management experience by rganizing events like the museum’s Film Festival.
21. Which prgram ffers cllege-level curses?
A. Summer Arts Institute.
B. Cinematic Arts Prgram.
C. Teen Filmmaking Camps.
D. Museum f Media Teen Cuncil.
22. What will students f the MM Teen Cuncil get?
A. A film directed by themselves.
B. A free six-week summer camp.
C. Chances f wrking with artists.
D. Prject management experience.
23. What is the shared gal f the fur prgrams?
A. T seek lcal partners.
B. T carry ut summer camps.
C. T find ut creative high schlers.
D. T help teens knw abut filmmaking.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍一些为高中生设计与电影制作有关的项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由Cinematic Arts Prgram中“Students take real cllege-level curses.(学生们学习真正的大学水平的课程。)”可知，在Cinematic Arts Prgram中可以学习大学水平课程。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由Museum f Media Teen Cuncil中“The MM Teen Cuncil is a tw-mnth jb develpment prgram fr teens interested in the media arts wh want a lk at hw gd films are brn and hw a media museum wrks. Participants help the museum shape its prgram fferings. They can build leadership skills and teamwrk. They als get real-wrld prject management experience by rganizing events like the museum’s Film Festival.(MM Teen Cuncil是一个为期两个月的职业发展计划，面向对媒体艺术感兴趣的青少年，他们希望了解好电影是如何诞生的，以及媒体博物馆是如何运作的。参与者帮助博物馆制定计划。他们可以培养领导能力和团队合作。他们还可以通过组织博物馆电影节等活动获得现实世界的项目管理经验。)”可知，MM Teen Cuncil 的学生获得项目管理经验。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Creative teens with a passin fr strytelling may just find their calling in the exciting wrld f film. There are plenty f pprtunities in this industry, frm prducing t editing t directing t technical wrk. Curius abut whether film-making is the path fr yu? Thrugh these prgrams designed fr high schl students, yu can find ut.(对讲故事充满热情的富有创造力的青少年可能会在激动人心的电影世界中找到自己的职业。这个行业有很多机会，从制作到剪辑，从导演到技术工作。想知道电影制作是否适合你吗？通过这些为高中生设计的课程，你可以找到答案。)”以及下文介绍的项目可知，下面四个项目都能帮助青少年了解电影制作。故选D项。
B
In his little huse, Jase was writing a letter t Santa weeks befre Christmas. “Dear Santa, Culd yu give me superpwers this year? Then I can be a superher and save lives. I can be a firefighter! Please realise my wish!”
Weeks later, it was finally Christmas. When he ran dwn the stairs, he saw lts f parcels under a tall Christmas tree in the living rm. He stpped dead befre the tree, lking fr his present.
“A fire truck!” he shuted ludly. “Santa gave me superpwers! I’ll becme a firefighter!” Jase had learned at schl that firefighters were true heres wh saved peple frm danger. S the little by wished t be a firefighter. He was s happy that he spent the whle day driving his ty truck. That evening, he culdn’t sleep. He tk his truck dwn t the living rm and drve it arund.
Suddenly, he felt smething strange. When he turned arund, he saw smke frm the Christmas tree. His parents had frgtten t put ut sme candles, which had caught the tree’s back and the curtains n fire. The fire was spreading fast. “Mm! Dad! There’s a fire in ur huse!” he shuted as he rushed upstairs and wke up his sisters. Milly wke up and ran dwnstairs with him, but Rsie was asleep, s he carried her in his arms. He then put his sisters in the truck and rushed t his parents’ rm.
“What’s wrng, Jase?” his mm asked. “Wait, what’s that smke?”
“There’s a fire!” Jase shuted.
The cuple tk the kids and rushed ut f the huse. They called 911, and firefighters arrived n the scene. Because the space was small, the whle huse was in flames (火焰) in n time.
One f the firefighters patted Jase’s shulder and said, “Gd jb!” Jase smiled and said, “Thank yu, sir. Nt all heres wear capes (斗篷)! I will becme a real superher like yu smeday.”
And tday, Jase has helped several families frm such events, and he’s indeed a superher, a firefighter.
24. What did Jase want fr Christmas gift?
A. A new cape.
B. A ty truck.
C. Superpwers.
D. Gifts frm firefighters.
25. What actin did Jase take upn seeing the fire?
A. He called 911.
B. He ran ut f the huse.
C. He tried t put ut the fire.
D. He managed t save his families.
26. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Jase?
A. Calm and brave.
B. Curius and humrus.
C. Kind and hard-wrking.
D. Hnest and quick-thinking.
27. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. N pains, n gains.
B. Practice makes perfect.
C Heres cme in all shapes and sizes.
D. Everything cmes t thse wh wait.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了小男孩Jase在圣诞节期望得到超能力，成为一名消防员的故事。在圣诞节那天，他发现家里的圣诞树着火，他及时唤醒家人并帮助他们逃出火场，最后他的英勇行为得到了消防员的赞扬。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Dear Santa, Culd yu give me superpwers this year? Then I can be a superher and save lives. I can be a firefighter! Please realise my wish!”（亲爱的圣诞老人，你能给我超能力吗？这样我就可以成为一个超级英雄，拯救生命。我可以成为一名消防员！请实现我的愿望！）可知，Jase希望得到的圣诞礼物是超能力。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Mm! Dad! There’s a fire in ur huse!” he shuted as he rushed upstairs and wke up his sisters. Milly wke up and ran dwnstairs with him, but Rsie was asleep, s he carried her in his arms. He then put his sisters in the truck and rushed t his parents’ rm.（妈妈！爸爸！我们家着火了！”他边喊边冲上楼去叫醒他的姐姐们。Milly醒来和他一起跑下楼，但Rsie还在睡觉，所以他把她抱在怀里。然后他把姐姐们放在卡车上，冲到父母的房间。）可知，Jase在看到火后，他设法救出了他的家人。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Mm! Dad! There’s a fire in ur huse!” he shuted as he rushed upstairs and wke up his sisters. Milly wke up and ran dwnstairs with him, but Rsie was asleep, s he carried her in his arms. He then put his sisters in the truck and rushed t his parents’ rm.（妈妈！爸爸！我们家着火了！”他边喊边冲上楼去叫醒他的姐姐们。Milly醒来和他一起跑下楼，但Rsie还在睡觉，所以他把她抱在怀里。然后他把姐姐们放在卡车上，冲到父母的房间。）以及根据最后一段“And tday, Jase has helped several families frm such events, and he’s indeed a superher, a firefighter.”（今天，杰斯已经帮助了几个家庭，他确实是一个超级英雄，一名消防员。）可知，Jase在看到火后，他冷静地唤醒了家人，并设法将他们带出了火场，这表明他是一个冷静和勇敢的人。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Gd jb!” Jase smiled and said, “Thank yu, sir. Nt all heres wear capes (斗篷)! I will becme a real superher like yu smeday.” And tday, Jase has helped several families frm such events, and he’s indeed a superher, a firefighter.（‘做得好！’Jase笑着说，‘谢谢你，先生。并非所有的英雄都穿斗篷！我有一天会成为像你一样的真正的超级英雄。’而今天，Jase已经帮助了几个家庭从这样的事件中脱险，他确实是一个超级英雄，一个消防员。）可知，英雄可以有各种各样的形象。故选C。
C
Sme envirnmentalists claim that attempts t create a recycling ecnmy fr plastics are sure t fail, but the arguments can be nt true.
In 1980, Disney Wrld in Orland. Flrida, started t wrk n a new way t generate pwer fr the theme park, cutting its use f il, the price f which had increased. The Slid Waste Energy Cnversin Plant tk rubbish, including plastic, and used a methd called pyrlysis (热解) t turn it int burnable gases. It pened in 1982, but clsed a year later, as the cst f running it went up.
Tday envirnmentalists are mentining the Disney stry t damage the reputatin f a set f new technlgies, well knwn as advanced recycling, which take plastic waste and turn it back int brand new plastic.
Their argument is false. The failure f Disney’s plant had mre t d with a later fall in il prices than technlgical r envirnmental prblems. Pyrlysis has imprved a lt since the 1980s. And in any case, Disney’s plant was designed t prduce fuel, which isn’t classed as advanced recycling.
As we reprt “the incredible new tech that can recycle all plastics frever”, advanced recycling is a game changer that culd help t slve the glbal plastics crisis. It has the pssibility t take millins f tnnes f thrwn-away plastic, mst f which ends up in landfill r the envirnment, and turn it back int a clean, fresh versin by breaking it dwn t its mlecular cnstituents (分子成分). The gal is a recycling ecnmy. In this case, there is n lnger any need t make “virgin” plastic frm il.
It isn’t a magic recipe. There are prblems arund such plants generating txic (有毒的) waste, their energy use and the cntinuatin f traditinal plastics ahead f newer, greener alternatives (替代物). Envirnmentalists are right t argue that we wuld be better ff gradually getting rid f plastics altgether. But practical cnsideratins mean they aren’t ging away any time sn, and mst advanced recycling technlgies are better fr the envirnment than the alternatives.
There is a serius discussin t be had arund advanced recycling, nt least whether it shuld be factred int an upcming glbal agreement n plastic pllutin. Let’s just make sure it is based n the facts, nt Disney stries.
28. As fr refusing the new tech with the Disney stry, the authr is .
A. wrriedB. disapprving
C. uncertainD. uncncerned
29. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Plastics wuld be sn stpped using.
B. Plants with new tech dn’t prduce txic waste.
C. The new tech features recycling all plastics.
D. Disney’s plant turned plastic waste int new plastic.
30. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T argue fr advanced recycling.
B. T stress benefits f reducing plastics.
C. T present failure f recycling ecnmy.
D. T discuss the prblems f reusing waste.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章的主旨是支持先进塑料回收技术并强调其在解决全球塑料危机方面的重要性。作者指出先进塑料回收技术有可能将大量被丢弃的塑料废物转化为全新、清洁的塑料，并探讨了这一技术的环境益处。文章还提及了对环境的影响和未来发展方向，最终呼吁基于事实进行关于先进塑料回收技术的讨论。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Tday, envirnmentalists are mentining the Disney stry t damage the reputatin f a set f new technlgies, well knwn as advanced recycling, which take plastic waste and turn it back int brand new plastic.( 今天，环保人士提到迪士尼的故事，试图败坏一套出名的先进回收的新技术的声誉，该技术将塑料废物转化为全新的塑料)” 和第四段中“Their argument is false.( 他们的论点是错误的)”可推知，文章中提到环保主义者引用迪士尼故事来破坏新技术的声誉，作者指出这种论点是错误的，表明作者对拒绝新技术是持不赞同的态度。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“As we reprt “the incredible new tech that can recycle all plastics frever”, advanced recycling is a game changer that culd help t slve the glbal plastics crisis. It has the pssibility t take millins f tnnes f thrwn-away plastic, mst f which ends up in landfill r the envirnment, and turn it back int a clean, fresh versin(正如我们报道的“可以永远循环利用所有塑料的令人难以置信的新技术”，先进回收是一个能够有助于解决全球塑料危机的游戏变革。它有可能将数百万吨被丢弃的塑料，其中大部分最终被填埋或污染环境，转化为干净、全新的塑料版本) ”可知，本文章中提到新技术有可能将数百万吨被丢弃的塑料废物转化为全新的、干净的版本，这意味着新技术可以回收所有的塑料。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文并结合第四段中“As we reprt “the incredible new tech that can recycle all plastics frever”, advanced recycling is a game changer that culd help t slve the glbal plastics crisis. It has the pssibility t take millins f tnnes f thrwn-away plastic, mst f which ends up in landfill r the envirnment, and turn it back int a clean, fresh versin by breaking it dwn t its mlecular cnstituents (分子成分). The gal is a recycling ecnmy. In this case, there is n lnger any need t make “virgin” plastic frm il.(正如我们报道的“不可思议的新技术，可以永远回收所有塑料”，先进的回收是一个游戏规则改变者，可以帮助解决全球塑料危机。它有可能将数百万吨的废弃塑料(其中大部分最终被填埋或丢弃在环境中)分解成分子成分，将其转化为干净、新鲜的塑料。目标是循环经济。在这种情况下，不再需要从石油中制造“原始”塑料)”可知，文章主要论证先进回收技术有望解决全球塑料危机，并探讨了先进回收技术的重要性和环境益处，因此文章主张采用先进回收技术。故选A项。
D
What Is A Sand Battery?
Generally, when ne pictures a battery, ne imagines the lithium battery (锂电池) in varius high-tech frms. Yet in 2022, Plar Night Energy launched the wrld’s first cmmercial sand battery, capable f string 500-600℃ in heat energy fr mnths.
With the envirnmental cncern f mining fr lithium batteries, investrs and cmpanies are lking fr alternatives, and sand batteries are ne f them. The cncept fr a sand battery is simple: string large amunts f heat in sand r sand-like materials fr later use. The advantage f sand is its ability t stre large amunts f heat in a small vlume, its large quantity, and its lw cst.
Sand batteries serve as strage fr spare wind and slar pwer and extra energy when demand is lw. They can prvide heated water as well as heated air t hmes and industries that wuld therwise use fssil fuels. The heat can als be changed back t electricity using a steam turbine (蒸气涡轮).
This technique dates back centuries. Ancient Egyptian hmes were made f sand mixed with mud and straw that wuld keep the heat f the ht desert sun and then release it slwly during the cl nights. Many native Americans used mud t build huses fr the same reasn. They wuld als stre heat frm campfires in rcks wrapped (包裹) in leather skin and use these rcks fr heating their beds at night. This ancient wisdm can nw be applied t mdern slutins thrugh sand batteries.
Nw, Plar Night Energy, wrking with the heating cmpany Lvisan Lämpð, will launch a sand battery 10 times the size and capable f string up t100megawatts hur f heat. This battery will eliminate the need fr il-based energy fr the entire twn f Prnainen, Finland, and keep 160 tnnes f carbn dixide ut f the atmsphere annually. Accrding t the Washingtn Pst, mre than $900 millin has been invested in clean strage technlgies in the past three years, a number that is expected t reach $3 trillin by 2040. This mney is being directed twards varius small cmpanies that are investigating natural batteries.
There are challenges t vercme befre this technlgy can be adpted widely. It remains t be seen whether natural batteries can be a steady surce f energy. Furthermre, because it’s an emerging industry, natural battery prjects will need t be built frm scratch, meaning nly develped cuntries can affrd t use them. Despite this, sand and ther natural battery slutins are an exciting step frward twards a green future.
31. The idea f sand batteries is ________.
A. t prcess fssil fuels fr industriesB. t change slar energy int electricity
C. t stre energy in special materials as heatD. t generate wind energy when it is necessary
32. What is the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A. The advantages f sand batteries.B. The inspiratin f sand batteries.
C. The applicatin f sand batteries.D. The develpment f sand batteries.
33. What des the wrd “eliminate” underlined in Paragraph 5 mst prbably mean?
A. Meet.B. Remve.C. Create.D. Ignre.
34. What can we learn abut sand batteries?
A. They are a high-tech frm f lithium battery.
B. They can be widely used acrss the wrld sn.
C. They are a steady surce f energy fr a green future.
D. They can prvide heat and pwer fr hmes r industries.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是沙电池、其原理以及优势等情况。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The cncept fr a sand battery is simple: string large amunts f heat in sand r sand-like materials fr later use.(沙电池的概念很简单：将大量热量储存在沙子或类似沙子的材料中以备后用)”可知，沙电池的理念是将能量以热量的形式储存在特殊材料中。故选C。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“This technique dates back centuries. Ancient Egyptian hmes were made f sand mixed with mud and straw that wuld keep the heat f the ht desert sun and then release it slwly during the cl nights. Many native Americans used mud t build huses fr the same reasn. They wuld als stre heat frm campfires in rcks wrapped (包裹) in leather skin and use these rcks fr heating their beds at night. This ancient wisdm can nw be applied t mdern slutins thrugh sand batteries.(这种技术可以追溯到几个世纪以前。古埃及人的房子是用沙子、泥土和稻草混合而成的，这样可以抵挡沙漠里炙热的太阳，然后在凉爽的夜晚慢慢释放热量。出于同样的原因，许多印第安人用泥土盖房子。他们还将篝火的热量储存在包裹在皮革中的岩石中，并在晚上使用这些岩石为他们的床加热。这种古老的智慧现在可以通过沙电池应用于现代解决方案)”可知，第四段的主旨是沙子电池的灵感。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“Nw, Plar Night Energy, wrking with the heating cmpany Lvisan Lämpð, will launch a sand battery 10 times the size and capable f string up t100megawatts hur f heat.(现在，极地之夜能源公司与供暖公司Lvisan Lämpð合作，将推出一种沙子电池，其尺寸是原来的10倍，能够储存高达100兆瓦时的热量)”以及划线词后文“the need fr il-based energy fr the entire twn f Prnainen, Finland, and keep 160 tnnes f carbn dixide ut f the atmsphere annually”可知，建立巨大的沙子电池是为了去除芬兰Prnainen镇对石油能源的需求，并每年减少160吨二氧化碳的排放。故划线词意思是“去除”。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They can prvide heated water as well as heated air t hmes and industries that wuld therwise use fssil fuels.(它们可以为家庭和工业提供热水和加热空气，否则这些家庭和工业将使用化石燃料)”可知，沙电池可以为家庭或工业提供热量和电力。故选D。
第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2分,共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With the rise f language apps, learning a new language is perhaps mre ppular than ever. There is n dubt that language learning apps have benefits as a supplement (补充) t frmal educatin. ___35___ Here are sme underrated ways t learn a new language.
One f the mst cmmn advice fr language learners is t cnsume films and shws in the language they are learning. In fact, they dn’t help a new learner t fllw. ___36___ The cartns are ften made up f basic phrases and wrds that ne wuld learn at a primary level. Plus, cartns usually cme with clearer and slwer prnunciatin, which will help learners adapt t understanding withut subtitles.
___37___ There is anther chice: listening t pdcasts and sngs in the language yu are trying t master. Nt nly can yu pick up idims, but yu can als explre varius tpics t enlarge yur vcabulary and understand differences within varius cntexts. Being expsed t the rhythm f native speakers will als help yur learning, and yu can achieve all f this while develping a fndness fr the culture.
When practising speaking, ne runs the risk f making mistakes r embarrassing neself when attempting t practise in public r with a native speaker. S, instead, start small. Speak t yur pet r an inanimate bject arund the huse. ___38___ The gal is t get used t sunding the letters. prducing the accent and getting the wrds ut.
Anther creative methd t put yur writing skills t test is t keep a pen pal. Ideally, find smene wh is nt nly fluent in the language yu are learning, but wh is als learning a language yu are fluent in. Thrugh the exchange f letters, yu nt nly get t practise yur writing skills but can als prvide feedback t each ther. ___39___
A. Tell them abut yur day r describe hw yu feel.
B. If watching cartns is nt yur cup f tea, fear nt.
C. Plus, everyne gets a friend thrugh a freign stamp.
D. S can freign speakers gain fluency within weeks r mnths?
E. Understanding f the films and shws depends heavily n subtitles.
F. Instead, a step dwn the ladder wuld be t watch children’s cartns.
G. But it is unrealistic t expect master y f a new tngue simply thrugh their use.
【答案】35. G 36. F 37. B 38. A 39. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习一门新语言的方法。
【35题详解】
根据上文“There is n dubt that language learning apps have benefits as a supplement (补充) t frmal educatin.”（毫无疑问，语言学习应用程序作为正规教育的补充是有好处的）以及下文“Here are sme underrated ways t learn a new language.”（这里有一些被低估的学习一门新语言的方法。）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且承接下文说明仅仅靠语言应用程序是不足够的。故G选项“但是，仅仅通过使用它们来掌握一门新语言是不现实的”切题。故选G项。
【36题详解】
根据上文“One f the mst cmmn advice fr language learners is t cnsume films and shws in the language they are learning. In fact, they dn’t help a new learner t fllw.”（对于语言学习者来说，最常见的建议之一是观看他们正在学习的语言的电影和节目。事实上，它们并不能帮助初学习者跟上所学内容）以及下文“The cartns are ften made up f basic phrases and wrds that ne wuld learn at a primary level. Plus, cartns usually cme with clearer and slwer prnunciatin, which will help learners adapt t understanding withut subtitles.”（这些卡通片通常是由初级水平的基本短语和单词组成的。此外，动画片通常有更清晰、更慢的发音，这将有助于学习者适应没有字幕的理解。）可知，选项承接上文，在电影和电视节目帮助不了初学者的情况下，推荐一种更简单的看的方式——看卡通片；故F选项“相反，可以退一步看看儿童卡通片。”符合语境。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上一段中“The cartns are ften made up f basic phrases and wrds that ne wuld learn at a primary level. Plus, cartns usually cme with clearer and slwer prnunciatin, which will help learners adapt t understanding withut subtitles.”（这些漫画通常是由初级水平的基本短语和单词组成的。此外，动画片通常有更清晰、更慢的发音，这将有助于学习者适应没有字幕的理解。）推荐通过看动画片来学习语言；由下文“There is anther chice: listening t pdcasts and sngs in the language yu are trying t master.”（还有另一种选择:听你想要掌握的语言的播客和歌曲。）可知，本段介绍了除了另外一种选择：听也是一种提高语言的方法。故B选项“如果你不喜欢看动画片，不要害怕”承上承上启下，符合语境，选项中“watching cartns”与上一段中“cartns”相呼应。故选B项。
【38题详解】
上文“Speak t yur pet r an inanimate bject arund the huse.”（和你的宠物或房子周围的无生命的物体说话。）建议跟宠物或房子周围的无生命的物体说话；A选项“告诉他们你的一天或描述你的感受”承接上文，阐述可以说的内容，符合语境，选项中“them”指代上文中“pet r an inanimate bject arund the huse”。故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Thrugh the exchange f letters, yu nt nly get t practise yur writing skills but can als prvide feedback t each ther.”（通过交换信件，你不仅可以练习你的写作技巧，还可以相互提供反馈）可知，选项承接上文继续说明交换邮件的益处。故C选项“另外，每个人都可以通过外国邮票交到朋友”切题。故选C项。
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Artificial intelligence is making its way int classrms, creating a future where educatin is mre persnalized and dynamic. AI’s ability t custmize (订制) learning and prvide immediate feedback culd change hw students learn. making educatin mre effective and engaging.
Schls glbally are starting t see the benefits f Al. Learning platfrms with AI can nw tailr lessns t each student’s pace and style f learning, increasing engagement and understanding. Dream Bx Learning, an A1-pwered math platfrm, has already shwed hw such technlgy can imprve students’ abilities in prblem slving.
Hwever there’s an bvius cncern cming up alngside these advancements—the AI divide r the grwing gap between thse wh use AI tls and thse wh d nt. A 2023 reprt by the Educatinal Data Trust fund that wealthier schl districts are three times mre likely t have used Al-pwered learning platfrms cmpared t the under-resurced nes.
The cnversatin arund AI in educatin isn’t just abut technlgy; it’s abut fairness and pprtunity. This culd impact nt nly their academic perfrmance but als their future cllege admissins and jb prspects, suggests a2021 study by Gergetwn University which fund that AI skills are becming increasingly sught after by emplyers.
Addressing the AI divide requires a jint effrt. Plicymakers have the pwer t level the field by supprting AI accessibility in all schls. Educatrs must train their students t use AI as a tl.
AI in educatin is a duble-edged swrd, with the prmise f changed learning cming alngside the risk f deepening divides. As we embrace AI’s ptential, we must als ensure it serves as a tl fr, nt exclusin, paving the way fr a future where every student has the pprtunity t succeed.
40. What future will AI create in educatin?
______________________________________________
41. What is Al divide?
______________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The AI divide in educatin is related t technlgy and it culdn’t impact fairness and pprtunity.
______________________________________________
43. Explain hw yu will use AI technlgy as a tl in yur learning. (In abut40 wrds)
______________________________________________
【答案】40. It will create a future where educatin is mre persnalized and dynamic.
41. The grwing gap between thse wh have access t AI tls and thse wh d nt.
42. The AI divide in educatin is related t technlgy and it culdn’t impact fairness and pprtunity.
Accrding t the passage, the AI divide in educatin isn’t just abut technlgy but als abut fairness and pprtunity. This culd impact nt nly their academic perfrmance but als their future cllege admissins and jb prspects.
43. Use artificial intelligence as a finding tl t get mre resurces. I can als use it t write papers.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。教育领域的人工智能是一把双刃剑，在改变学习方式的同时，也有加深鸿沟的风险。当我们拥抱人工智能的潜力时，我们还必须确保它成为一种工具，而不是排斥，为每个学生都有机会成功的未来铺平道路。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第一段“Artificial intelligence is making its way int classrms, creating a future where educatin is mre persnalized and dynamic.”（人工智能正在进入课堂，创造一个教育更加个性化和动态的未来。）可知，人工智能将创造一个教育更加个性化和动态的未来。故回答为：It will create a future where educatin is mre persnalized and dynamic.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第三段“Hwever, there’s an bvius cncern cming up alngside these advancements—the AI divide r the grwing gap between thse wh use AI tls and thse wh d nt.”（然而，伴随着这些进步而来的是一个明显的担忧——人工智能鸿沟，或者说使用人工智能工具的人和不使用人工智能工具的人之间的差距越来越大）可知，人工智能鸿沟指的是能够使用人工智能工具的人和无法使用人工智能工具的人之间的差距越来越大。故回答为：The grwing gap between thse wh have access t AI tls and thse wh d nt.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第四段“The cnversatin arund AI in educatin isn’t just abut technlgy; it’s abut fairness and pprtunity. This culd impact nt nly their academic perfrmance but als their future cllege admissins and jb prspects”（ 围绕人工智能在教育领域的讨论不仅仅是关于技术;这关乎公平和机会。这不仅会影响他们的学习成绩，还会影响他们未来的大学录取和就业前景）可知，it culdn’t impact fairness and pprtunity错误。故回答为：The AI divide in educatin is related t technlgy and it culdn’t impact fairness and pprtunity.Accrding t the passage, the AI divide in educatin isn’t just abut technlgy but als abut fairness and pprtunity. This culd impact nt nly their academic perfrmance but als their future cllege admissins and jb prspects.
【43题详解】
考查开放性试题。解释你将如何在学习中使用人工智能技术作为工具？利用人工智能作为查找工具，获取更多的资源。还以可以用它来写论文。故回答为：Use artificial intelligence as a finding tl t get mre resurces. I can als use it t write papers.
第二节
44. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim得知你们学校正在开展绿色低碳(green and lw-carbn) 学校创建行动, 发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.介绍开展的具体行动；
2.你的收获。
注意: 1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw’s everything? Knwing yu’re interested in ur schl’s green and lw-carbn event, I’m writing t share sme details with yu.
Our schl has taken a series f actins t reduce carbn ftprint. We’ve enlarged the green space by grwing mre plants, thus imprving campus air quality. Als, we’ve intrduced envirnmental educatin int class meetings t encurage students t actively practise ec-friendly behavirs in daily life, such as water saving and waste srting.
Thrugh the event, I’ve learned hw t d my part fr the envirnment. It has made me interested in green jbs.
I’m curius t knw if yur schl has any similar prgrams. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生的英国好友 Jim得知你们学校正在开展绿色低碳(green and lw-carbn) 学校创建行动, 发来邮件询问相关信息。请考生给他回复邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：imprve→prmte
鼓励：encurage→mtivate
积极地：actively→psitively
扩大：enlarge→expand
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：Knwing yu’re interested in ur schl’s green and lw-carbn event, I’m writing t share sme details with yu.
拓展句：Because I knw yu’re interested in ur schl’s green and lw-carbn event, I’m writing t share sme details with yu.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m curius t knw if yur schl has any similar prgrams.（运用了if引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 In additin, after schl n Friday afternn, ur class went t the nearby park t pick up rubbish and srt it accrdingly.（运用了不定式作目的状语）