北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 含解析

这是一份北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Bb was a bit f a cuch ptat, but he had a great sense f humr and lved t make his family and friends laugh.
One day Bb ___1___ he wasn’t getting any yunger s he decided t jin a health club t get in shape and ___2___ his family and friends.
Bb arrived at the health club with a big smile n his face, ready t shw everyne what he was made f. He ___3___ fr a membership, and then headed t the weight rm.
Bb walked ver t the weight bench and attempted t lift the bar. T his surprise, he culdn’t even lift it! It was s ___4___ that it didn’t budge an inch.
Feeling ___5___, Bb lked arund t see if anyne was watching him. ___6___, his family and friends had all decided t cme t the health club that day t cheer him n. Bb’s wife, children, and friends were all gathered arund the weight bench, watching him ___7___ t lift the bar. His wife smiled and said, “I thught yu said yu were in shape!”
Bb lked at her and replied, “I AM in shape! Rund is a shape, right?”
Everyne burst ut laughing, and Bb’s embarrassment quickly turned int a ___8___. He cntinued t wrk ut at the health club, but he never tk himself t seriusly. He knew the mst imprtant thing was t have fun and enjy the prcess f getting healthier.
In the end, Bb did get in shape, and his family and friends were prud f him, but they were even pruder f his ability t make them ___9___ and bring jy int their lives, even during his mst ___10___ mments.
1. A. admittedB. realized.C. imaginedD. predicted
2. A. ignreB. cmfrtC. annyD. impress
3. A. made upB. lked upC. signed upD. stayed up
4. A. heavyB. smthC. hugeD. cld
5. A. astnishedB. embarrassedC. depressedD. cnfused
6. A. FinallyB. SuddenlyC. UnfrtunatelyD. Usually
7. A. struggleB. pretendC. fferD. hesitate
8. A. trapB. burdenC. magicD. jke
9. A. frgetB. argueC. laughD. panic
10. A. pleasantB. awkwardC. urgentD. lucky
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了宅男鲍勃决定去健身房健身，结果未能举起杠铃，还被亲友们围观，鲍勃用他的幽默缓解了尴尬，最终恢复了身材，亲友们也为他自豪。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，鲍勃意识到他不再年轻了，所以他决定加入一个健身俱乐部来保持身材，给他的家人和朋友留下深刻的印象。A. admitted承认；B. realized意识到；C. imagined想象；D. predicted预测。根据句中“he wasn’t getting any yunger s he decided t jin a health club t get in shape”和常识可知，鲍勃决定去健身，应该是因为他意识到自己不再年轻了，需要锻炼健身来保持身材。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，鲍勃意识到他不再年轻了，所以他决定加入一个健身俱乐部来保持身材，给他的家人和朋友留下深刻的印象。A. ignre忽视；B. cmfrt安慰；C. anny使恼怒；D. impress使印象深刻。根据下文“his family and friends had all decided t cme t the health club that day t cheer him n.”（他的家人和朋友都已决定在那天来健身俱乐部为他加油。）和他的妻子说的话“I thught yu said yu were in shape!”（我记得你说自己身材很好！）可知，作者决定去健身房健身，应该是通知了家人和朋友，想让他们看到自己健身的效果，让他们印象深刻。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他注册了会员，然后去了举重室。A. made up补偿；B. lked up查阅；C. signed up报名参加、注册；D. stayed up熬夜。根据前文“Bb arrived at the health club”（鲍勃来到了健身俱乐部）和句中的“membership”可知，鲍勃来到了一家健身俱乐部，注册为会员后，前往举重室开始健身。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它这么重，一动也不动。A. heavy重的；B. smth光滑的；C. huge巨大的；D. cld冷的。根据前文“he culdn’t even lift it”（他甚至举不起来）和本句中“it didn’t budge an inch”可知，鲍勃一点都举不动这个杠铃，可见它非常重。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感到很尴尬，鲍勃环顾四周，看看是否有人在看着他。A. astnished十分震惊的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. depressed抑郁的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据下文“and Bb’s embarrassment quickly turned int a 8 .”（鲍勃的尴尬很快转变成了一个笑话）可知，鲍勃没能举动杠铃，所以看看周围是否有人在看他，可见他当时感到很尴尬。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他的家人和朋友都已决定在那天来健身俱乐部为他加油。A. Finally终于、最终；B. Suddenly突然；C. Unfrtunately不幸地；D. Usually通常。根据前文“Feeling 5 , Bb lked arund t see if anyne was watching him.”（感到很尴尬，鲍勃环顾四周，看看是否有人在看着他。）可知，鲍勃没举起杠铃，感到很尴尬，不希望有人在看他，结果他的家人和朋友那天都来了，所以对它来说是很不幸的。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃的妻子、孩子和朋友们都围在举重台周围，看着他奋力举杠铃。A. struggle努力、奋力；B. pretend假装；C. ffer提供；ffer t d主动提出做某事；D. hesitate犹豫。根据前文“his family and friends had all decided t cme t the health club that day t cheer him n.”（他的家人和朋友都已决定在那天来健身俱乐部为他加油。）和本句可知，鲍勃的家人和朋友都来健身俱乐部为他加油，此时都围在举重台周围，应该是看他健身的样子，看他努力地举杠铃。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大家都哄堂大笑，鲍勃的尴尬很快转变成了一个笑话。A. trap陷阱；B. burden负担；C. magic魔法；D. jke笑话。根据前文“Bb lked at her and replied, “I AM in shape! Rund is a shape, right?””（鲍勃看着她回答说:“我身材很好!圆是一种身材，对吧?”）可知，鲍勃用自己的幽默，像说笑话一样回答了妻子，令人们哄堂大笑，从而化解了尴尬，此时尴尬已经转变成了鲍勃讲的一个笑话。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们更自豪的是，即使在他最尴尬的时刻，他也能让他们开怀大笑，给他们的生活带来快乐。A. frget忘记；B. argue争论；C. laugh大笑；D. panic恐慌。根据第一段“Bb was a bit f a cuch ptat, but he had a great sense f humr and lved t make his family and friends laugh.”（鲍勃是个宅男，但他很有幽默感，喜欢逗家人和朋友笑。）和前文“Everyne burst ut laughing”（大家都哄堂大笑）及本句中“bring jy int their lives”可知，鲍勃很有幽默感，具有让人开怀大笑，给人带来快乐的能力。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们更自豪的是，即使在他最尴尬的时刻，他也能让他们开怀大笑，给他们的生活带来快乐。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. urgent急迫的；D. lucky幸运的。根据前文“Everyne burst ut laughing, and Bb’s embarrassment quickly turned int a 8 .”（大家都哄堂大笑，鲍勃的尴尬很快转变成了一个笑话。）和文章内容可知，鲍勃没有举起杠铃，被亲友们看到而感到尴尬，但他以自己的幽默、开玩笑般的话语，就使人们开怀大笑，化解了这份尴尬。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mst students d an IQ test early in their schl life. Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is ___11___ determines hw well they are ging t d in life. When they see ther students ding better than them, they usually believe that thse students have a ___12___ (high) IQ and that there is nthing they can d t change their situatin. Hwever, new research int EQ suggests that success is nt ___13___ (simple) the result f a high IQ.
【答案】11. what
12. higher 13. simply
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讨论IQ测试在学生生活中的常见现象，引出关于EQ（情商）的新研究，并指出成功不仅仅取决于智商。
11题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：即使他们从未看到自己的结果，他们也觉得自己的智商决定了他们在生活中会做得多好。本空引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指物，用what引导。故填what。
【12题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：当他们看到其他学生比他们做得更好时，他们通常认为那些学生有更高的智商，而他们对此无能为力。根据句中“When they see ther students ding better than them”可知，设空处应填high的比较级higher“更高的”，作前置定语，修饰IQ。故填higher。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，对情商的新研究表明，成功不仅仅是高智商的结果。本空应填simple的副词形式simply表示“仅仅，只不过”，作状语。故填simply。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
___14___ (face) with the prblems f envirnment pllutin and verdevelpment, peple have set up sme natinal parks ___15___ (prtect) bth natural features and wildlife. A gd example f this is the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park in the suth f Qinghai Prvince. It is hme t many species f plants, alng with rare animals. In mst areas f the reserve, any permitted develpment ___16___ (mnitr) clsely.
【答案】14. Faced
15. t prtect
16. is mnitred
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。面对环境污染和过度开发问题，人们设立了国家公园保护自然和野生动物，三江源国家公园是一个很好的例子，在其中任何允许的开发都受到严密监控。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：面对环境污染和过度开发问题的出现，人们建立了一些国家公园来保护自然景观和野生动物。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词have set up，因此这里使用非谓语动词，且be faced with是固定短语，逻辑主语peple与face with之间是被动关系，因此使用过去分词作伴随状语，谓语句首首字母需大写。故填Faced。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：面对环境污染和过度开发问题的出现，人们建立了一些国家公园来保护自然景观和野生动物。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词have set up，因此这里使用非谓语动词，且表示目的性，意为“建立了一些国家公园来保护自然景观和野生动物”，因此使用动词不定式做目的状语。故填t prtect。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在保护区的大部分地区，任何允许的开发都受到严密监控。根据前句可知，本句使用一般现在时，且主语是any permitted develpment为单数形式，且与mnitr之间是被动关系，因此使用被动语态。故填is mnitred。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Many peple wh grw up in small twns find themselves cunting the ___17___ (day) until they get t escape their rts and plant new nes in bigger, “better” places. And that’s fine. But they say it’s imprtant t remember where yu cme frm. When ___18___ (think) abut that, I can’t help having an verwhelming feeling f gratitude fr my rt. Up t nw, being frm a small twn ___19___ (teach) me s many imprtant lessns, ___20___ I will carry with me fr the rest f my life.
【答案】17. days
18 thinking
19. has taught
20. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过个人经历和感受，讨论了出身小城镇对自己人生的积极影响，表达了对家乡根源的感激之情。
【17题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：许多在小镇长大的人发现自己在数着日子，直到他们能够摆脱自己的根，然后在更大、“更好”的地方扎根。他们数着离开的日子，不止一天，本空用day的复数形式days，作cunting的宾语。故填days。
【18题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：每当想到这一点，我不禁对我的根有一种压倒性的感激之情。当when引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语“I”一致，主语I与谓语动词think之间为主谓关系，此从句可省略为“when+现在分词”结构作状语。故填thinking。
【19题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，来自一个小镇已经教会了我很多重要的教训，这些教训我将终生携带。teach“教”。由时间状语Up t nw“到目前为止”可知，强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，本句时态用现在完成时，主语being frm a small twn动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has taught。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是lessns，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作carry的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
United Natins Internatinal Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) wrks in the wrld’s tughest places t reach the mst disadvantaged children and teenagers. Acrss mre than 190 cuntries, we d whatever it takes t help children survive and grw.
Start yur career with UNICEF Internship (实习) Prgramme and becme a champin fr every child!
What we ffer
Our Internship Prgramme ffers students and recent graduates the pprtunity t gain direct wrk experience.
● Time: Internships can be full-time r part-time, lasting between six mnths t ne year.
● Salary: Yu will get paid mnthly by UNICEF nce yur internship starts.
● Fees we cver: One-way ticket and visa csts.
Requirements
Yur prfile culd be a gd fit if it meets the fllwing requirements:
● Being a cllege student nw, r having graduated frm cllege within the past tw years.
● Being fluent in ne f UNICEF’s wrking languages: English, French r Chinese.
● Strng cmmunicatin skills.
● Ability t wrk cllabratively in a multicultural envirnment.
● Outstanding academic perfrmance.
● Flexibility t adapt t new envirnments and wrk under pressure.
● Previus vlunteer r wrk experience in a related field is an advantage but nt required.
● N immediate relatives (eg. parents, sister, brther) wrking with UNICEF.
Hw t apply
Yu can find pprtunities n ur career page. Once yu find a psitin f interest, click n the buttn “Apply Nw” and prceed n the website.
21. What can UNICEF prvide if ne is selected?
A. A return ticket.B. Visa dcuments.
C. A language curse.D. Mnthly paid salary.
22. Accrding t the passage, applicants are required t ________.
A. have related wrk experienceB. wn multicultural backgrunds
C. speak English and French fluentlyD. adjust t new envirnments flexibly
23. In which sectin f a website might yu find this passage?
A. Jb-hunting.B. Prblem-slving.
C. Skill-building.D. Decisin-making.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了联合国儿童基金会的一份实习工作，包括工作待遇、申请要求和申请方式。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据What we ffer中第二点“Salary: Yu will get paid mnthly by UNICEF nce yur internship starts.(薪水：实习开始后，联合国儿童基金会将按月发放工资)”可知，如果申请人被选中，联合国儿童基金会可以提供月薪。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Requirements中第六点“Flexibility t adapt t new envirnments and wrk under pressure.(能灵活适应新环境和在压力下工作)”可知，申请人需要灵活适应新的环境。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Start yur career with UNICEF Internship (实习) Prgramme and becme a champin fr every child!(从联合国儿童基金会实习计划开始你的职业生涯，成为每个孩子的冠军)”可知，文章主要是介绍联合国儿童基金会的一份实习工作，与职业发展相关。因此，文章应该出自网站的求职部分。故选A项。
B
James Gailey has already retired. At 80 years ld, he was enjying time in the Nrth Texas cmmunity f Callisburg. It’s a small twn, with a ppulatin f abut 300 peple. The lcal schl district has tw campuses, and supprts ver 1,100 students in the rural area.
Althugh Gailey had n intentin f returning t the wrkfrce, he had n chice when his mnthly rent was raised by $400. Since he culdn’t affrd that cst, “Mr. James,” as the students call him, went back t the lcal schl and restarted wrking as a schl janitr.
Three students decided that they culd d smething abut this situatin. Greysn Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusk created a GFundMe web page and shared his stry n TikTk. “N 80-year-ld shuld have t wrk because they have t,” said Tidwell, “It shuld be because they want t d it. It bthered us that he had t have a place t wrk t keep his huse.”
When the students started the campaign, their gal was t get Mr. James sme extra mney t help with his rent issues. The page was disabled nly tw weeks later, raising an impressive $270,000. “It’s amazing,” said Jasn Hper, the principal f Callisburg High Schl. “The need was met because f three kind kids—f all ur students wh ffered help.” Many f the dnatins t the GFundMe page are frm students and staff at Callisburg, with mst f them nly $5 r $10 each.
“It is crazy t see smething like that. We knew peple wuld have wanted t help,” said Yusk, “We didn’t knw it wuld blw up.”
At the time f researching and writing this stry, Mr. James said that he was ready t return t retirement. “It’s what we’re abut,” Hper said, “We’re a small twn. We’re family. We dn’t always agree, but we lve and help ur wn.”
24. James Gailey returned t wrk mainly because f ________.
A. his difficulty in paying his rentB. his bredm f the retiring life
C. his desire t cntinue his careerD. his ambitin t imprve himself
25. What did the three kids d fr James Gailey?
A. Finding him a jb at campusB. Giving him supprt fr wrk.
C. Raising mney n the website.D. Turning t the schl principle.
26. Hw did Yusk feel after the campaign ?
A. Dubtful.B. Astnished.C. Regretful.D. Cnfused.
27. What can we learn frm the stry?
A. It’s never t late t learn.B. A gd turn deserves anther.
C. Chance favrs the prepared mind.D. A small act can make a difference.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】文章的体裁为记叙文。通过讲述老人詹姆斯·盖利因无法支付房租而不得不重返工作岗位的故事，揭示了三名学生发起的筹款活动给他带来的帮助以及小善举所能带来的影响。文章通过这一真实事件展现了爱与帮助的力量，强调了小事可以产生积极的影响。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Althugh Gailey had n intentin f returning t the wrkfrce, he had n chice when his mnthly rent was raised by $400. Since he culdn’t affrd that cst, “Mr. James,” as the students call him, went back t the lcal schl and restarted wrking as a schl janitr. (尽管盖利没有打算重新投入工作，但当他的每月房租涨价了400美元时，他别无选择。因为他支付不起这笔费用，“詹姆斯先生”就回到当地学校重新开始做学校清洁工。)”可知，他的月租金提高了400美元，他无法承担。因为他无法支付房租，别无选择，盖利重返工作。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Greysn Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusk created a GFundMe web page and shared his stry n TikTk. (格雷森·瑟曼、班纳·提德威尔和玛蒂·尤斯科创建了一个GFundMe网页，并在TikTk上分享了他的故事。) ”和第四段“When the students started the campaign, their gal was t get Mr. James sme extra mney t help with his rent issues. (当学生开始这项运动时，他们的目标是为盖利筹集一些额外的钱以帮助解决他的租金问题。) ”表明格雷森·瑟曼、班纳·蒂德威尔和玛蒂·尤斯科创建了一个GFundMe网页，并在TikTk上分享了他的故事，在网站上为詹姆斯·盖利筹集资金帮助解决他的房租问题。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It is crazy t see smething like that. We knew peple wuld have wanted t help,” said Yusk, “We didn’t knw it wuld blw up.” (“看到这样的事情真是太疯狂了。我们知道人们会想要帮助，”尤斯科说，“我们没想到会爆炸般的发展。”) ”表明募捐活动的效果超出预期，让尤斯科感到惊讶。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr. James said that he was ready t return t retirement. (詹姆斯先生表示他准备重新退休。)”表明三名学生发起筹款活动的小举动对詹姆斯先生的生活产生了重大影响，年迈的詹姆斯先生不需要工作了，可以过上退休生活。说明即使是小小的善举也能产生积极影响。故选D项。
C
Kim fund the prspect f learning a new language discuraging, especially as an adult. She saw spending dzens r hurs a year n lessns with nly slw prgress n a new skill as ut f reach. This was undubtedly nw Kim felt abut her decades’ lng ambitin t learn Spanish. That all changed, hwever, when a ppular language-learning app presented a mre attractive apprach: cmplete ne lessn—just six r seven minutes lng—every day in rder t eventually becme bilingual (双语的). This adds up t abut 40 hurs f study each year, but it is presented as a bite-size daily gal. Actually, this can be applied t almst any ambitius target. But hw effective is it?
Fr ur study, we partnered with CTL, a nnprfit rganizatin that prvides free crisis cnsultatin. All CTL vlunteers are asked t cmplete 200 hurs f crisis cnsultatin within a year. We were curius if breaking dwn this gal culd make it mre apprachable and increase actual wrking hurs.
We randmly assigned mre than 9,000 CTL vlunteers t receive e-mails fr three mnths. One grup was encuraged t hit the 200-hur mark with n actual gal breakdwn. Tw ther grups, hwever, were given clear subgals: we encuraged ne t vlunteer fr fur hurs every week and the ther t vlunteer fr eight hurs every tw weeks. Then we tracked hw much time each grup spent vlunteering during ur study.
Bth grups wh were encuraged t fcus n a smaller subgal vlunteered 7 t 8 percent mre than their peers wh were merely encuraged t hit their big gal. We als fund suggestive evidence that the mre flexible “eight hurs every tw weeks” framing led t mre lasting benefits ver time. Althugh vlunteering declined each week during the study acrss all participants, this decline was slwer in the “eight hurs every tw weeks” cnditin. It suggests that making mdest gals flexible might encurage lng-term perseverance.
If s, after ne year, becming bilingual is at last within reach fr Kim.
28. The authr mentins Kim in the first paragraph mainly t ________.
A. make a predictinB. intrduce a tpic
C. present an assumptinD. evaluate an argument
29. Why did the authr and his team cperate with CLT?
A. T calculate the prfits f the rganizatin.
B. T increase the actual hurs f vluntary wrk.
C. T evaluate the effectiveness f a gal-setting strategy.
D. T imprve the wrking skills f vlunteers in cnsultatin.
30. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Analysis f the study.B. Prcess f the study.
C. Findings f the study.D. Significance f the study.
31. What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. Making a fixed gal helps lnger perseverance.
B. Setting a bigger gal drives peple t achieve mre.
C. Sticking t an ambitius gal cntributes t success.
D. Breaking dwn a bigger gal leads t better results.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个流行的语言学习应用程序通过把学习目标分解成小目标，来完成最后的学习任务。研究表明，将适度的目标变得灵活可能会鼓励长期的毅力。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Kim fund the prspect f learning a new language discuraging, especially as an adult. She saw spending dzens r hurs a year n lessns with nly slw prgress n a new skill as ut f reach. This was undubtedly nw Kim felt abut her decades’ lng ambitin t learn Spanish. That all changed, hwever, when a ppular language-learning app presented a mre attractive apprach: cmplete ne lessn—just six r seven minutes lng—every day in rder t eventually becme bilingual (双语的).( Kim发现学习一门新语言的前景令人沮丧，尤其是作为一个成年人。她认为，一年花几十个或几个小时上一门新技能的课，而在这门新技能上只有缓慢的进步是遥不可及的。这无疑是金现在对她几十年来学习西班牙语的夙愿的感受。然而，这一切都改变了，当一个流行的语言学习应用程序提出了一个更有吸引力的方法：为了最终成为双语，每天完成一节课——只要六到七分钟)”可知，作者在第一段提到Kim主要是为了引入话题。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Fr ur study, we partnered with CTL, a nnprfit rganizatin that prvides free crisis cnsultatin. All CTL vlunteers are asked t cmplete 200 hurs f crisis cnsultatin within a year. We were curius if breaking dwn this gal culd make it mre apprachable and increase actual wrking hurs.(在我们的研究中，我们与CTL合作，这是一个提供免费危机咨询的非营利组织。所有CTL志愿者都被要求在一年内完成200小时的危机咨询。我们很好奇，打破这个目标是否能让它更容易实现，并增加实际工作时间)”可知，作者和他的团队与CLT合作是为了评估目标设定策略的有效性。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“We randmly assigned mre than 9,000 CTL vlunteers t receive e-mails fr three mnths. One grup was encuraged t hit the 200-hur mark with n actual gal breakdwn. Tw ther grups, hwever, were given clear subgals: we encuraged ne t vlunteer fr fur hurs every week and the ther t vlunteer fr eight hurs every tw weeks. Then we tracked hw much time each grup spent vlunteering during ur study.(我们随机分配了9000多名CTL志愿者，在三个月内接收电子邮件。其中一组被鼓励在没有实际目标分解的情况下达到200小时的目标。然而，另外两组被赋予了明确的子目标：我们鼓励一组每周做4小时的志愿者，另一组每两周做8小时的志愿者。然后我们追踪了每一组在研究期间做志愿者的时间)”可知，第三段的主要内容是研究过程。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Bth grups wh were encuraged t fcus n a smaller subgal vlunteered 7 t 8 percent mre than their peers wh were merely encuraged t hit their big gal. We als fund suggestive evidence that the mre flexible “eight hurs every tw weeks” framing led t mre lasting benefits ver time. Althugh vlunteering declined each week during the study acrss all participants, this decline was slwer in the “eight hurs every tw weeks” cnditin. It suggests that making mdest gals flexible might encurage lng-term perseverance.(两组被鼓励专注于小目标的志愿者比那些只被鼓励实现大目标的同龄人多出7%到8%。我们还发现，随着时间的推移，更灵活的“每两周八小时”框架能带来更持久的好处。尽管在研究期间，所有参与者的志愿活动每周都在减少，但在“每两周8小时”的情况下，这种下降速度较慢。研究表明，将适度的目标变得灵活可能会鼓励长期的毅力)”可知，作者想告诉我们把更大的目标分解会带来更好的结果。故选D。
D
Our planet has just seen its httest mnth n recrd, with many places n fire r flded. The likelihd f extreme weather keeps increasing—and peple are nticing. Hwever, nt everyne ntices r feels this threat t the same extent.
Based n a representative sample f 1,071 survey respndents frm acrss the UK, we fund that peple in rural areas shwed higher degrees f place attachment than peple living in cities, as we expected. Hwever, we were surprised t see that the perceived threat f climate change in: mst rural lcatins was lwer. We had nt expected that utcme, s we started t dig a little deeper fr pssible reasns.
Rural peple may be mre resilient t change. Rural peple may experience climate change like everyne else, but they may have better ways f cping with it than city residents because f their clser relatinship with nature. This may have taught them t be mre flexible in hw they deal with change. After all, nature changes a lt and that culd make them less wrried abut the majr changes happening arund them.
Peple in rural areas may nt be as aware f climate change as peple in cities. Lking mre clsely, the effect is mstly dwn t educatin rather than whether peple live in rural areas r nt. Research shws that general levels f climate awareness in the UK are quite high. But this des nt necessarily crrespnd t readiness fr actin r behaviural change. It is well dcumented, thugh, that rural inhabitants tend t have mre cnservative views, which culd affect the way climate change is interpreted. Cnservative views are ften assciated with less cncern abut the climate.
Peple in rural areas may nt experience climate change in the same wav as peple in cities. This is because rural areas have higher levels f green space than urban areas. Fr example, yu will feel the heat less when yu are surrunded by trees.
S, althugh we were surprised that the higher degree f place attachment in peple living rurally did nt necessarily lead t a higher perceptin f climate change threat, we can see there are gd reasns fr that.
32. What des the wrd “resilient” underlined in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Easy t adapt.B. Ready t illustrate.
C. Difficult t ntice.D. Willing t challenge.
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Cnservative views in rural areas lwer the perceptin f climate change.
B. Strng rural place attachment results in higher climate change awareness.
C. Well-educated peple are mre likely t take actins fr climate change.
D. Rural peple pay mre attentin t climate change than city residents.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Wh are t blame fr climate change?
B. Hw d peple perceive climate change?
C. Why is climate change perceived differently?
D. What can peple d t cpe with climate change?
【答案】32. A 33. A 34. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了农村地区的人们相比于城市居民来说对气候变化的感知度较低，并分析了其中的原因。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Rural peple may experience climate change like everyne else, but they may have better ways f cping with it than city residents because f their clser relatinship with nature.(农村人可能会像其他人一样经历气候变化，但他们可能比城市居民有更好的应对方式，因为他们与自然的关系更密切。)”可知，农村人可能更能适应气候变化，所以推断划线词的意思是“容易适应”。故选A项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It is well dcumented, thugh, that rural inhabitants tend t have mre cnservative views, which culd affect the way climate change is interpreted. Cnservative views are ften assciated with less cncern abut the climate.(然而，有充分的证据表明，农村居民往往有更保守的观点，这可能会影响对气候变化的解释。保守的观点往往与不太关心气候联系在一起。)”可推知，农村地区的保守观点降低了人们对气候变化的感知度。故选A项。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容，结合第二段中“Hwever, we were surprised t see that the perceived threat f climate change in: mst rural lcatins was lwer.(然而，我们惊讶地发现，大多数农村地区对气候变化威胁的感知程度较低)”可知，文章主要介绍了农村地区的人们相比于城市居民来说对气候变化的感知度较低，并分析了其中的原因，所以C选项“为什么人们对气候变化的看法不同？”适合用作文章标题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we carefully select ur utfits each day, we may nt always realize the influence ur clthing chices have n ur md, behavir, and even hw thers understand us.
___35___ Studies have shwn that dressing well can significantly affect hw we feel abut urselves and ur abilities. When we wear utfits that make us feel cnfident and cmfrtable, we are mre likely t make a psitive impressin n thers.
Our clthing chices are like a persnal canvas (画布). ___36___ Whether it’s a vintage-inspired dress r a bld graphic tee, ur clthes becme a reflectin f wh we are. Fashin is a pwerful tl that helps us cmmunicate with the wrld and frm cnnectins with like-minded individuals.
Have yu ever nticed hw wearing a particular utfit can change yur md?
___37___ Fr instance, bright clrs and cheerful patterns can uplift ur spirits and bring a sense f happiness. ___38___ The link between clrs and emtins plays a vital rle in shaping ur utlk n the day.
Clthes we wear can als influence ur behavir and cgnitive prcesses. Fr example, wearing frmal business suit might signal the brain that it’s time t fcus and be prductive, while mre relaxed clthing might encurage a mre casual apprach. ___39___
S, the next time yu dress up, remember the huge influence yur utfit can have, and embrace the pprtunity t express yurself thrugh the art f fashin.
A. Clthing can give rise t varius emtinal respnses.
B. Crrect clthes cnveys that yu are interested in the jb.
C. On the ther hand, wearing darker might create a feeling f seriusness.
D. Thus the right utfit can give us cnfidence needed t cnquer the day ahead.
E. It allws us t express ur beliefs, interests, and emtins withut saying a single wrd.
F. Chsing the right fr specific ccasins can, therefre, enhance ur perfrmance and efficiency.
G. The phrase “dress fr success” hlds true when it cmes t the impact f clthes n self-cnfidence.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. A 38. C 39. F
【解析】
【导语】本文属于说明文，主要讨论了服装选择对个人情绪、行为以及他人印象的影响。
【35题详解】
由上文“As we carefully select ur utfits each day, we may nt always realize the influence ur clthing chices have n ur md, behavir, and even hw thers understand us. (当我们每天仔细挑选服装时，我们可能并不总是意识到我们的服装选择对我们的情绪、行为甚至别人如何理解我们的影响。)”和下文的“Studies have shwn that dressing well can significantly affect hw we feel abut urselves and ur abilities. When we wear utfits that make us feel cnfident and cmfrtable, we are mre likely t make a psitive impressin n thers. (研究表明，穿着得体可以显著影响我们对自己和能力的感觉。当我们穿着让我们感到自信和舒适的服装时，我们更有可能给别人留下积极的印象。)”可知，我们的着装选择对自我感觉和能力的影响可知，这里需要一个总结性的话语来概括这种正面影响，尤其是关于自信方面。因此，G选项“The phrase “dress fr success” hlds true when it cmes t the impact f clthes n self-cnfidence.(“穿着成功”这一说法在衣服对自信心的影响方面是千真万确的）能承上启下，强调了正确着装对于提升自信的作用。故选G。
【36题详解】
根据下文的“Whether it’s a vintage-inspired dress r a bld graphic tee, ur clthes becme a reflectin f wh we are. Fashin is a pwerful tl that helps us cmmunicate with the wrld and frm cnnectins with like-minded individuals. (无论是复古风格的连衣裙还是大胆的图案t恤，我们的衣服都能反映出我们是谁。时尚是一个强大的工具，它帮助我们与世界交流，并与志同道合的人建立联系。)”可知，下文讨论的是衣物作为个人表达的媒介，需要一个句子说明服装如何无声地传达个人的内在。E选项“It allws us t express ur beliefs, interests, and emtins withut saying a single wrd. (它使我们无需说一句话就能表达我们的信念、兴趣和情感。)”能引起下文，强调了服装是一种非言语的表达方式。故选E。
【37题详解】
由下文的“Fr instance, bright clrs and cheerful patterns can uplift ur spirits and bring a sense f happiness. (例如，明亮的颜色和欢快的图案可以提升我们的精神，带来一种幸福感。)”可知，此处需要一个句子引出服装与情绪之间的关系，特别是服装如何能够改变我们的心情。A选项“Clthing can give rise t varius emtinal respnses. (服装可以引发各种情绪反应。)”能引起下文，直接指出了服装与情绪反应之间的关联。故选A。
【38题详解】
由上文的“Fr instance, bright clrs and cheerful patterns can uplift ur spirits and bring a sense f happiness. (例如，明亮的颜色和欢快的图案可以提升我们的精神，带来一种幸福感。)”可知，上文提到了明亮颜色和欢快图案对提升心情的作用，接下来应该继续讨论颜色对情绪的具体影响。C选项“On the ther hand, wearing darker might create a feeling f seriusness. (另一方面，穿深色可能会产生一种严肃感。)”与前文形成对比，补充说明了不同色彩对情绪的不同影响。故选C。
【39题详解】
由上文的“Clthes we wear can als influence ur behavir and cgnitive prcesses. Fr example, wearing frmal business suit might signal the brain that it’s time t fcus and be prductive, while mre relaxed clthing might encurage a mre casual apprach. (我们穿的衣服也会影响我们的行为和认知过程。例如，穿正式的商务套装可能会向大脑发出信号，告诉你是时候集中精力工作了，而更轻松的衣服可能会鼓励你更随意。)”可知，此处需要一个句子总结服装如何影响我们的行为和认知过程，并且与上文中的“正式商务装”和“休闲装”的例子相呼应。F选项“Chsing the right fr specific ccasins can, therefre, enhance ur perfrmance and efficiency. (因此，为特定场合选择合适的着装可以提高我们的表现和效率。)”强调了恰当着装对提升个人效能的重要性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The legendary hrrr authr H. P. Lvecraft wrte that “the ldest and strngest emtin f mankind is fear, and the ldest and strngest kind f fear is fear f the unknwn.”
Uncertainty causes peple t see threats everywhere they lk, and at the same time it makes them likely t react emtinally. Even minr perids f unpredictability can cause significant negative effects. Research n traffic jam, fr example, has fund that the lack f cntrl drivers feel sends stress and anger levels thrugh the rf. Uncertain bus, train, and plane delays are als majr surces f uncertainty-triggered distress. One study fund that giving peple up-t-the-minute wait times was an effective way t limit anxiety and frustratin. Even if the wait fr a bus turned ut t be lng, remving the element f uncertainty made cmmuters feel better.
Different peple respnd t uncertainty in different ways. Unfrtunately, many are unhelpful cping strategies.
Peple wh struggle with uncertainty ften respnd t it by wrrying. They als tend t think that wrrying will smehw help them prepare fr what’s t cme. This is false. The mre peple engage in wrrying, the less they feel cnfident in their ability t slve a prblem and the wrse their slutins tend t be.
Trying t seek ut new and helpful infrmatin can als backfire. BMC Public Health fund that peple can nly prcess and make sense f a limited infrmatin, and that cnsuming t much new infrmatin can lead t cnfusin and increased uncertainty.
Still, hw t remve the effects f uncertainty is fd fr thught.
40. Accrding t H. P. Lvecraft, what is the ldest and strngest fear?
__________________________________________________________
41. Why can up-t-the-minute wait times limit anxiety?
__________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Peple wh wrry mre will feel less cnfident in prblem-slving, while their slutins tend t be better.
__________________________________________________________
43. What uncertainty wrries yu mst and hw d yu deal with it? (In abut 40 wrds)
__________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Fear f the unknwn/uncertainty.
41. Because up-t-the-minute wait times can remve the element f uncertainty.
42. Peple wh wrry mre will feel less cnfident in prblem-slving, while their slutins tend t be better.
43. What uncertainty wrries me mst is jb security. T deal with it, I can enhance my skills, build a strng prfessinal netwrk, and maintain a psitive mindset, fcusing n what I can cntrl rather than wrrying abut what I cannt.
【解析】
【导语】本文体裁属于说明文，主要阐述了不确定性对人类情绪的影响，引用了H. P. Lvecraft的观点来引入话题，并通过实例和研究结果讨论了不确定性如何引发人们的恐惧、焦虑和压力，以及人们应对不确定性的不同方式及其效果。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第一段“The legendary hrrr authr H. P. Lvecraft wrte that “the ldest and strngest emtin f mankind is fear, and the ldest and strngest kind f fear is fear f the unknwn.” (传奇恐怖作家H. P. Lvecraft特写道：“人类最古老、最强烈的情感是恐惧，而最古老、最强烈的恐惧是对未知的恐惧。”)”可知，根据H. P. Lvecraft的说法，最古老、最强烈的恐惧是对未知/不确定性的恐惧。故答案为：Fear f the unknwn/uncertainty.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段中的“One study fund that giving peple up-t-the-minute wait times was an effective way t limit anxiety and frustratin. Even if the wait fr a bus turned ut t be lng, remving the element f uncertainty made cmmuters feel better. (一项研究发现，给人们准确的等待时间是一种有效的方法，可以减少焦虑和沮丧。即使等公共汽车的时间很长，消除不确定因素也会让通勤者感觉更好。)”可知，因为长达一分钟的等待时间可以消除不确定性因素，所以可以限制焦虑。故答案为：Because up-t-the-minute wait times can remve the element f uncertainty.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“The mre peple engage in wrrying, the less they feel cnfident in their ability t slve a prblem and the wrse their slutins tend t be. (人们越是担心，他们对自己解决问题的能力就越不自信，他们的解决方案也就越糟糕。)”可知，担心得越多的人会对解决问题缺乏信心，而他们的解决方案往往会越糟糕。故答案为：Peple wh wrry mre will feel less cnfident in prblem-slving, while their slutins tend t be better. Because the mre peple engage in wrrying, the less they feel cnfident in their ability t slve a prblem and the wrse their slutins tend t be.
【43题详解】
开放性问题。不确定性让我最担心的是工作保障。为了应对它，我可以提高自己的技能，建立一个强大的专业网络，并保持积极的心态，专注于我能控制的事情，而不是担心我不能控制的事情。故答案为：What uncertainty wrries me mst is jb security. T deal with it, I can enhance my skills, build a strng prfessinal netwrk, and maintain a psitive mindset, fcusing n what I can cntrl rather than wrrying abut what I cannt.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。近期打算参加你校举办的“职业生涯规划(Career Planning)”主题活动。请给你校英国交换生Jim写一封英文邮件邀请他一起参加。邮件的内容包括：
1. 介绍活动的内容(时间、地点、安排等)；
2. 说明你打算参加的原因；
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m excited t invite yu t jin in ur “Career Planning” event t be held at ur schl next week. It will take place in the auditrium n Friday afternn, with a series f talks by industry experts and interactive sessins aimed at guiding us in ur future career chices.
As a senir student, I’m particularly interested in this event as it ffers a great pprtunity t learn mre abut ptential career paths. I believe it will be equally beneficial t yu as an exchange student.
Are yu interested in it? I’d lve t have yu by my side. Please let me knw yur plan.
Lking frward t yur reply
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇邀请信，邀请Jim一起参加职业生涯规划活动，介绍活动的内容(时间、地点、安排等)，说明打算参加的原因，询问对方的意向。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
旨在：aimed at→designed fr
对……感兴趣：be interested in→have interest in
机会：pprtunity→chance
对……有益：be beneficial t→be gd fr
2. 句式拓展
简单句改为复合句
原句：I’m excited t invite yu t jin in ur “Career Planning” event t be held at ur schl next week.
拓展句：I’m excited t invite yu t jin in ur “Career Planning” event, which will be held at ur schl next week.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It will take place in the auditrium n Friday afternn, with a series f talks by industry experts and interactive sessins aimed at guiding us in ur future career chices.(使用了过去分词短语作后置定语、动名词短语作宾语)
【高分句型2】As a senir student, I’m particularly interested in this event as it ffers a great pprtunity t learn mre abut ptential career paths. (使用了as引导原因状语从句、不定式作后置定语)