上海高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空（下）（原题版）

这是一份上海高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空（下）（原题版），共15页。
目录
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 题型综述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解题攻略3
\l "_Tc148898653" 题型01 句内层次题3
\l "_Tc148898654" 题型02 句组层次题4
\l "_Tc148898655" 题型03 语篇层次题6
\l "_Tc148898655" 高考练场9
\l "_Tc148898657" 变式演练16
题型介绍
上海高考英语完形填空体裁议论文、说明文为主，夹叙夹议文次之，文章选材颇具哲理性，可读性较强。在语言结构方面，长难句较多，逻辑思辨能力强，理解难度较大，在选项词性上以实词为主，其中动词、名词会占半壁江山，虚词几乎不会考查，特别注重对文章上下文语境的理解把握。考点设置上，句内层次题(答案由设空所在句子决定，多凭句子本身可知答案)和句组层次题(答案由设空临近句子决定，需前后寻找信息或暗示)所占比重较大，语篇层次题(答案中整篇文章的内涵决定，需统揽全局)考查难度较大。主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。偶尔会有过渡词、介词短语、动词短语、连词等。
命题类型
句内层次题：主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词在具体语境中的运用。
句组理解题：要求考生根据上下文的语境来选择最合适的词汇，理解作者的观点和态度。
语篇推理题：考查考生对文章逻辑关系的理解，需要根据文章的叙述和议论部分进行推理。
解题思路
关注首句，领会大意：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或背景信息，帮助考生快速把握文章的大意。
注重语境，理清行文逻辑：夹叙夹议文的记叙和议论部分交错出现，考生需要通过上下文的语境来理解作者的观点和态度。
找准标志词，弄清结构：注意文章中的衔接词，如对比、强调、让步、举例等，这些词可以帮助考生理解文章的结构和发展脉络。
先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时间。
复读再核查：在填完所有空格后，通读全文，确保所选答案使文章意思通顺、前后连贯。
题型01 句内层次题

句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。
重视首句，把握文章主题。
分析结构，抓住作者观点态度。
3. 利用上下文，关注过渡词，理清逻辑关系。
（2025·上海浦东新区一模）
Brwse thrugh any scial-media feed, and befre lng a cute vide will appear. The supply f these (21)_________ clips, shrt parts f vides, is huge. On ne scial media platfrm there are 65 millin vides tagged(贴标签) #cute. The demand is mre (22)_________: thse vides have been viewed mre than 625 billin times.
21.A. liveB. casualC. adrableD. interactive
22.A. substantialB. urgentC. reasnableD. practical
（2025·上海虹口一模）
Manufacturing is a ne-way business. Raw materials g int a factry and finished prducts cme ut. Once thse gds are ____21____, prducers usually wash their hands f them. Certainly they d nt wrry that mst f the prducts are eventually burnt r buried in landfill, which ____22____ the planet. In nly 50 years, the wrld’s cnsumptin f raw materials has nearly becme fur times as big, t mre than 100 billin tns, but nly less than 9% f this is reused, resulting in a ____23____ f materials.
21. A. acceptedB. designedC. sldD. stred
22. A. rulesB. savesC. healsD. pllutes
23. A. analysisB. availabilityC. wasteD. variety
题型02 句组层次题

句组层次题：解题线索分布在上句，下句和本句之中。谨记“上看一句下看一句中间看一句（瞻前顾后）”，并根据逻辑意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、词汇复现、逻辑关系、背景常识等方法瞻前顾后、耐心作答。
（2025·上海嘉定一模）
Rvelli als emphasizes that learning shuld never be limited by rules r expectatins. Instead, it shuld be a creative, ____33____ jurney. He encurages readers t ask big questins, fllw their interests, and take time t reflect n what they learn. By ding s, he believes we can ____34____ a deeper understanding f urselves and the wrld arund us.
In There Are Places in the Wrld Where Rules Are Less Imprtant Than Kindness, Rvelli ffers a heartfelt reminder that learning isn’t just abut facts r ____35____ — it’s abut curisity, wnder, and the jy f discvering new pssibilities.
33. A. shrtB. affrdableC. safeD. persnal
34. A. unlckB. cmplicateC. cmplementD. expse
35. A. mtivatinsB. interestsC. resultsD. questins
（2025·上海长宁一模）
Sme cuntries try t mtivate dctrs t wrk in rural areas, ffering slightly higher salaries r ther benefits t thse willing t ______33______ utside cities. They may als reward hspitals based n effectiveness in helping patients, ______34______ paying hspitals based n the number f prcedures they perfrm. This culd reduce csts fr patients.
33. A. relaxB. practiceC. specializeD. vlunteer
34. A. as ppsed tB. as well asC. regardless fD. prir t
题型03 语篇层次题

语篇层次题：解题线索分布在某一段或几段相隔，甚至全篇，距离较远，更需瞻前顾后，谨记“文中无废句，句中无闲词”，并根据逻辑意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、词汇复现、逻辑关系、背景常识等方法瞻前顾后、合理推断、耐心作答。
（2025·上海闵行一模）
Effective mnitring f endangered species is key t their survival. Studying the 21 , range, and habits f wild animals is essential t ensure their habitat remains free frm develpment and illegal hunters. Traditinal methds f mnitring wild animals, especially large nes, include radi-tagging（无线电标记）. T d this, individual animals must at first be captured s that cllars can be 22 .
They culd effectively create a true picture f individual rhins' activities withut the use f any invasive （侵入的） techniques. Cnsequently, the team were interested t knw whether the trackers' knwledge culd be effectively 29 a cmputerized technique fr mnitring animal mvement.
If that is dne repeatedly, cnservatinists can draw up a 32 f all, r at least a significant prprtin f the individuals within the ppulatin. After that, cnservatinists can use it t identify an animal and its mvements by its print.
21. A. flexibility B. diet C. mvement D. behavir
（2025·上海宝山一模）
At times we all wish that we knew what ther peple were thinking. __21__ , peple's facial expressins, mvements and psture (姿势) can cmmunicate a lt abut what is ging n in their minds. Understanding these messages hidden in peple's language can require a lt f skill, but Je Navarr's bk What EVERY BODY is Saying can help __22__ that ability.
Small changes in bdy language can help yu recgnize if smene is __23__. Even when peple dn't lie directly, they smetimes try t hide their feelings. Whether yu are __24__ with peple in business r in yur persnal life, recgnizing these feelings can help yu lk ut fr their interests and yur wn.
Accrding t Navarr, establishing a baseline fr hw a persn behaves is imprtant t avid __25__ their bdy language. Mst facial expressins and gestures can mean several different things, s __26__ when peple use certain expressins. Recgnizing this baseline can help yu understand whether expressins and gestures indicate a(n) __27__ t smething yu said r nt. Fr example, rubbing ne's eyes may be a sign f __28__ with a tpic. But if the persn has been rubbing their eyes __29__, they might just be tired.
Prximity (接近，亲近) t ther peple is als part f bdy language. Peple stand clser t peple they like r feel cmfrtable with than t strangers r peple they dn't like. And psture als __34__. Sitting r standing up straight can shw that smene feels cnfident, while sitting with crssed arms indicates that they feel __35__ r uncmfrtable.
Bdy language can cmmunicate a lt abut peple's thughts and feelings, and thus, help yu relate t them.
22. A. prvideB. develpC. discverD. aruse
24. A. cperatingB. negtiatingC. investigatingD. interacting
25. A. misguidingB. misinterpretingC. mistrustingD. mismanaging
34. A. adjustsB. fllwsC. mvesD. matters
2022年1月春考
Artificially sweetened diet drinks make n difference t weight gain and shuld nt be seen as healthier than their sugar-laden cunterparts, accrding t a team f experts, A review f research evidence cncludes there is nthing t supprt claims that sugar free versins f ppular sft drinks can help (4l) _______besity and related diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Industry spnsred studies reprting"favurable"assciatins between diet drinks and weight lss may be biased, it claims.
There have been cncerns that diet drinks, knwn as artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), might lead peple t cnsume mre calries by(42) ________sweet flavur taste buds. The new study fund that evidence (43) _________the healthiness f ASBs was incnclusive with randmized cntrlled trials (RCTs) prducing mixed results. Senr investigatr Prfessr Christpher Millett said: "A cmmn perceptin, which may be influenced by industry marketing, is that because ‘diet’ drinks have n sugar, they must be healthier and aid weight lss when used as a(n)(44)fr full sugar versins Hwever, we fund n slid evidence t supprt this
The researchers pinted ut that research supprted by fd r beverage cmpanies was mre likely t find n evidence f links between sugary drink (45) _________ and besity than nn-industry spnsred research. Similarly, ASB industry-spnsred research was "mre likely t reprt favurable results and (46) ________ regarding ASB effects n weight cntrl”
In many cases. researchers had failed t disclse (47) __________f interest relating t links with the fd industry. it was claimed. Cauthr Dr Marin Carlina Brges said: “The lack f slid evidence n the health effects f ASBs and the ptential influence f bias frm industry funded studies shuld be taken seriusly when discussing whether ASBs are (48) __________ alternatives t SSBs ( sugar-sweetened beverages)."
Leading British nutritinist Prfessr Susan Jebb said despite the mixed evidence, there was n reasn t believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened (49)________ did any harm She said , “Fr peple seeking t manage their weight , tap water is (50)__________the best drink t chse , fr health and the envirnment , but far many peple wh are used t drinking sugary drinks, this will be l hard a change t (51)_________. Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the ( 52 )__________ directin t cut calries." Dietitian Prfessr Tm Sanders, was als critical f the research, calling it “an pinin piece rather than a ( n )(53)___________review f the evidence”. He ( 54)____________ “The cnclusin that reduced sugar r sugar-free drinks shuld nt be prmted r seen as part f a healthy diet seems unwarranted and likely t add t public (55 )_____________.”
A. relieve B. ppse C. prevent D. bther
A. inserting B. stimulating C.enhancing D.securing
A. resulting frmB. referring t C.depending nD. relating t
A. SubstituteB.prpsalC.suspectD.implicatin
A. EfficiencyB.cnsumptinC.distributinD.mdernizatin
A. appintmentsB.instructinsC.perfrmancesD.cnclusins
47. A. threatsB. matters C. cnflictsD.appeals
48. A. adequateB.essentialC.availableD. deliberate
49. A initiativesB.alternatives C.bjectivesD.representatives
50. A. withut questinB. beynd descriptin
C. arund the crnerD. in cnsequence
51. A. settleB. rute C. mendD. make
A. wrngB. rightC. prperD. ppsite
53. A. demcraticB. autmaticC. systematicD. dramatic
54. A. transferredB. ranged C. accessedD. added
55. A. fascinatin B. ambitinC.cnfusinD. Islatin
2021年1月春考
The misery f my bike cmmute in Calgary, Alberta,is the river valley hill. It's nt particularly steep,but at abut a mile lng,I rarely climbed up withut arriving with sweat. Studies have shwn the prspect f arriving at wrk sweaty is ne f the biggest (41)______ t getting wuld-be bike cmmuters ut f their cars. That's especially true in a city like Ls Angeles,where(42)__ may face lng rutes , hills r ht streets with a lack f shade.
"Pedelec",r pedal electric-assisted bikes like the ne I rde,can end that wrry. They lk and act like traditinal bicycles,but their mtrs make pedaling much easier when required. Smetimes called the mst energy-efficient mtrized mde f transprtatin ever built, they're als incredibly green. The biggest barrier may be the utdated attitude that sees bikes nly as a recreatinal athletic pprtunity rather than a practical (43)____ ptin.
At a time when cities acrss Nrth America are struggling t cmbat crippling traffic and reduce climate emissins,e-bikes have the(44) ______ t ease the bth prblems. And yet ridership has yet t truly(45)____.Abut 152,000 e-bikes were sld last year in the U.S.,a figure that wuld be mre than 5 millin if Americans used them at the same rate as western Eurpeans.
Many f the barriers t e-bike (46) ______in Nrth America are legislative. Patchwrk rules treat e-bikes mre like mpeds than traditinal pedal bikes in sme jurisdictins,meaning they are(47)_frm bike lanes and frm barding public transprtatin.
Few places n the cntinent,(48) ______, are better pised t break thrugh barriers than Califrnia. Legislatin was apprved last year t encurage e-bike use,by legally differentiating the cycles frm mpeds. In an attempt t head ff wrries abut turbcharged machines flying dwn sidewalks and bike lanes at unsafe speeds,the law classifies bikes int different tiers t (49)___ lwer-speed e-bikes,which tp ut at 20 mph,frm faster-mving"speed pedelecs",which are restricted frm prtected bike paths.
Amid these legislative (50)____, e-bikes have becme mre accessible t cnsumer. Finding them in bike shps isn't as(51)____ as it nce was,and their cst has fallen as the price f lithium-in batteries has drpped.Tday,a decent e-bike,while still (52)___, is cmparable in price t a high-end muntain bike. After years f (53)________ver mixing pedal and mtr pwer, cycling advcacy rganizatins als are finally thrwing their supprt behind e-bikes. Dave Snyder, the executive directr f the Califrnia Bicycle Calitin, (54)_______ the state's new legislatin based partly n the(55)_______that e-bikes help ut thse wh"just can't ride as far r as fast as they need t".
B.prcesses C.barriers D.cmplements
42. A.ridersB.builders C.custmersD.vlunteers
B. cmmunicatin C.facilities D.transprtatin
B.ptential C.temprary D.majr
44.A. make f B.carry n C.bring up D.take ff
B.adptin C.adjustment D.justificatin
B.alerted C.banned D.authrized
B.unless C.meanwhile D.anyway
B.cmbine C.separate D.satisfy
B.benefits C.limits D.damages
B.critical C.sensatinal D.difficult
B.distinctive C.sensitive D.intensive
B.cncern C.pwer D.scale
B.flded C.referred D.gifted
B.address C.amunt D.advcate
（四）
（2025年嘉定一模）
Carl Rvelli’s bk, There Are Places in the Wrld Where Rules Are Less Imprtant Than Kindness, ffers a refreshing perspective n learning, urging readers t pursue curisity and explratin withut wrrying abut practical utcmes. Fr Rvelli, ___21___ isn’t just a means t an end — it’s a way f experiencing the wrld, asking meaningful questins, and cnnecting with thers.
The bk celebrates the jy f learning fr its wn sake, reminding readers that knwledge desn’t need t be tied t a specific ___22___ t be valuable. In tday’s fast-paced wrld, peple ften view educatin as a tl fr ___23___ — getting gd grades, securing a jb, r achieving material gals. Rvelli ___24___ this mindset, shwing that true learning is abut much mre than these practical bjectives. It’s abut bradening yur mind, explring new ideas, and finding ___25___ in the prcess.
Rvelli draws n fascinating stries frm science, histry, and everyday life t make his pint. ___26___ , he reflects n the revlutinary thinkers f the Renaissance (文艺复兴时期) wh dared t questin the belief that Earth was the center f the universe. These individuals weren’t ___27___ by prfit r fame; they were mtivated by pure curisity and a desire t understand the wrld. Their discveries didn’t just change science — they ___28___ hw peple viewed their place in the universe. Rvelli uses these examples t shw that the act f learning itself can be ___29___ , inspiring new ways f thinking and seeing the wrld.
Anther key theme in the bk is the cnnectin between learning and wnder. Rvelli believes that curisity is ne f humanity’s greatest ____30____ , and he invites readers t cultivate it by explring tpics that aruse their interest. Whether it’s physics, art, philsphy, r even everyday experiences, the prcess f discvering smething ____31____ can be deeply rewarding. He argues that this sense f wnder is what makes learning wrthwhile — nt the ____32____ it might bring.
Rvelli als emphasizes that learning shuld never be limited by rules r expectatins. Instead, it shuld be a creative, ____33____ jurney. He encurages readers t ask big questins, fllw their interests, and take time t reflect n what they learn. By ding s, he believes we can ____34____ a deeper understanding f urselves and the wrld arund us.
In There Are Places in the Wrld Where Rules Are Less Imprtant Than Kindness, Rvelli ffers a heartfelt reminder that learning isn’t just abut facts r ____35____ — it’s abut curisity, wnder, and the jy f discvering new pssibilities.
21. A. kindnessB. thinkingC. learningD. practice
22. A. preferenceB. purpseC. prblemD. cnditin
23. A. cmmunicatinB. successC. cperatinD. survival
24. A. challengesB. maintainC. presentsD. extends
25 A. meaningB. slutinC. cnflictD. distinctin
26. A. What’s mreB. Fr exampleC. As a resultD. On the cntrary
27. A. rejectedB. pursuedC. bservedD. driven
28. A. shiftedB. revealedC. understdD. nticed
29. A. mderateB. apprpriateC. expensiveD. transfrmative
30. A. cnnectinsB. traditinsC. strengthsD. innvatins
31. A. similarB. funnyC. newD. dark
32. A. grwthB. gradesC. uncertaintyD. wisdm
33. A. shrtB. affrdableC. safeD. persnal
34. A. unlckB. cmplicateC. cmplementD. expse
35. A. mtivatinsB. interestsC. resultsD. questins
（五）
（2025年虹口一模）
Manufacturing is a ne-way business. Raw materials g int a factry and finished prducts cme ut. Once thse gds are ____21____, prducers usually wash their hands f them. Certainly they d nt wrry that mst f the prducts are eventually burnt r buried in landfill, which ____22____ the planet. In nly 50 years, the wrld’s cnsumptin f raw materials has nearly becme fur times as big, t mre than 100 billin tns, but nly less than 9% f this is reused, resulting in a ____23____ f materials.
Industry des talk abut sustainability and recycling, but much f that is ____24____ intended t imprve brand images. Yet even a cmpany’s prfits can ____25____ being envirnmentally friendly. This is especially s in the case f “gigafactries”, s called because their utput f batteries fr electric vehicles (EVs) is measured in gigawatt hurs (GWh).
Every carmaking cuntry wants gigafactries. Batteries are the cstliest part f an EV, s making them is ____26____ . But they cntain materials that are pricey and can be hard t btain. Supply chains are lng and cmplicated, and buyers risk their reputatin ____27____ by their suppliers’ pr envirnmental and labur standards. ____28____ materials makes sense.
Being ____29____, mst gigafactries are designed with recycling in mind frm the start. The result is a _____30_____ prductin prcess. The idea is that nce _____31_____ reach the ends f their lives, they shuld g back t a factry, where their cmpnents can be recvered and put int new batteries.
Gigafactries are nt yet mdels f the circular ecnmy, but they are laying the fundatins. Nrthvlt, a battery-maker, aims by 2030 t prduce 150GWh f batteries — enugh t pwer sme 2 millin EVs. By then, arund half its raw materials shuld cme frm recycling ld batteries. Nrthvlt is nt _____32_____. Using renewable pwer and ther measures, CATL — the wrld’s biggest prducer f EV batteries — thinks it shuld eventually be pssible t reduce the carbn ftprint f a battery twards zer.
Culd ther industries d smething similar? Fast fashin is widely knwn as a(n) _____33_____ business. It is estimated that the recycling rate fr little-wrn clthing and ftwear is just 13%. A big part f the reasn is the use f mixed fibres, which are hard t recycle. Clthing cmpanies culd, like gigafactries, re-engineer their prcesses t use fibres that are easier t handle. Cnsumer electrnics is anther such _____34_____ that creates piles f waste, despite the fact that electrnic circuits cntaining precius materials such as gld and silver, and electric mtrs being made frm rare earth metals. _____35_____ culd yet be made in the urban mining f last year’s cellphnes and yesterday’s bluses.
21. A. acceptedB. designedC. sldD. stred
22. A. rulesB. savesC. healsD. pllutes
23. A. analysisB. availabilityC. wasteD. variety
24. A. green-washingB. cst-cuttingC. risk-takingD. trend-setting
25. A. add tB. benefit frmC. center arundD. invest in
26. A. innvativeB. affrdableC. prfitableD. inefficient
27. A. being defendedB. being hurtC. being spreadD. being verlked
28. A. ReusingB. RestringC. ReplacingD. Recharging
29. A. bigB. newC. richD. rare
30. A. fullB. primaryC. dmesticD. circular
31. A. batteriesB. factriesC. vehiclesD. suppliers
32. A. alneB. easyC. safeD. fair
33. A. dynamicB. unsustainableC. inacceptableD. cmpetitive
34. A. gigafactryB. businessC. cmpanyD. manufacturer
35. A. ExceptinsB. CmplaintsC. DiscveriesD. Frtunes
（六）
（2025年长宁一模）
Health care is a necessity fr everyne, but nt everyne has equal access t it. Peple in rural cmmunities in particular face barriers t medical care that d nt affect peple in cities. This is true bth in develped cuntries and in the develpments and nnprfit rganizatins are wrking t address the ____21____.
One barrier t rural health care is ____22____. Rural cmmunities are ____23____ far frm ppulatin centers, which means mst small twns d nt have large hspitals, s rural peple need t travel lng distances t see dctrs. Rural areas als usually lack public transprtatin, which wrsens the prblem.
Even if there is a hspital in a rural cmmunity, dctrs ften prefer t live in larger cities, s finding ____24____ can be challenging. Rural hspitals especially tend t lack specialists. Since each specialist nly sees a small prtin f the ttal number f patients, many hspitals ____25____ that they d nt have enugh patients wh need the specialist t emply ne. ____26____, the patients wh d need the specialist are frced t travel lng distances r g withut necessary treatment. In additin, in many cuntries, peple in rural areas are mre likely t live in pverty and struggle t pay fr health care than urban residents.
A variety f develpments may help ____27____ sme f these prblems. One significant ne is telehealth—using technlgy such as vide cnferences t allw patients t speak with dctrs in ____28____. Using telehealth, dctrs cannt run tests r examine patients up clse. The technlgy, ____29____, can be useful fr mental health care, fllw-up appintments after surgery and the mnitring f enduring health issues.
Smetimes if patients cannt travel t a clinic, the clinic will g t them. ______30______ health clinics are used in sme areas t reach peple wh have truble ging t see a dctr. These traveling health units are ften ______31______ than hspitals as well because they d nt pay fr as many facilities.
Small rural hspitals that lack financial resurces smetimes cnsider ______32______ larger netwrks that have access t better technlgy. These larger netwrks can als help rural hspitals bring n bard new staff.
Sme cuntries try t mtivate dctrs t wrk in rural areas, ffering slightly higher salaries r ther benefits t thse willing t ______33______ utside cities. They may als reward hspitals based n effectiveness in helping patients, ______34______ paying hspitals based n the number f prcedures they perfrm. This culd reduce csts fr patients.
While the prblem f rural healthcare is ______35______, these initiatives may help prvide necessary treatment fr peple utside majr cities.
21. A. affectinB. medicatinC. inequalityD. necessity
22. A. pvertyB. envirnmentC. administratinD. transprtatin
23. A. by chanceB. by definitinC. by cntrastD. by necessity
24. A. ptential patientsB. public serviceC. medical staffD. reputable experts
25. A. cncludeB. predictC. demandD. prpse
26. A. SubsequentlyB. HweverC. MeanwhileD. Cnsequently
27. A. sustainB. lessenC. detectD. indicate
28. A. depressed areasB. mnitred centresC. ther lcatinsD. brder regins
29. A. mreverB. therwiseC. therefreD. nevertheless
30. A. MdernB. MbileC. MechanicalD. Multiple
31. A. cheaperB. less crwdedC. fancierD. mre endurable
32. A. transitining tB. cmpeting againstC. partnering withD. investing in
33. A. relaxB. practiceC. specializeD. vlunteer
34. A. as ppsed tB. as well asC. regardless fD. prir t
35. A. slvableB. urgentC. criticalD. cmplex