2024-2025学年山东省聊城市多校高三上学期期末诊断检测英语试题(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2024-2025学年山东省聊城市多校高三上学期期末诊断检测英语试题(含详细答案解析)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，任务型读写，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
The New Yrk Times released its list f the 10 Best Bks f 2024, which includes bth fictin and nn-fictin titles that have left a prfund impact n readers and critics alike.
All Furs by Miranda July
July’s secnd nvel shwcases her unique narrative talent, telling the stry f a wman wh disrupts her life. The nvel is described as bld, gentle, humrus, and surprising, fllwing a middle-aged wman n a sl rad trip wh unexpectedly engages in an intimate relatinship with a lcal man.
Gd Material by Dlly Aldertn
Aldertn, a British writer and jurnalist knwn fr her clumns in The Sunday Times and Vgue, pens this nvel abut a 35-year-ld Lndn stand-up cmedian grappling with a recent breakup while mst f his friends seem t be pairing ff. The nvel is warm, witty, and painfully real, ffering a fresh take n rmantic cmedy and featuring unexpected plt twists that delve int themes f independence, adventure, and chsing ne’s wn path in life.
James by Percival Everett
Everett, a literary icn and a Pulitzer Prize finalist, reimagines Mark Twain’s The Adventures f Huckleberry Finn frm the perspective f the enslaved man, Jim (nw called James) , wh accmpanies Huck dwn the Mississippi River. The nvel is praised fr its deep cmment f racism and slavery, as well as its new interpretatin f the character f Jim, wh emerges as a dignity-filled, altruistic, and wise individual.
Martyr! by Kaveh Akbar
Akbar’s debut nvel tells the stry f Cyrus Shams, an Iranian-American pet in recvery frm drug addictin, wh embarks n a jurney t uncver family secrets. Set in a fictinal Midwestern twn, the nvel is a celebratin f hw we find meaning in faith, art, self, and thers. It features inventive beauty, vivid characters, and surprising plt twists.
1.What d Gd Material and Martyr! have in cmmn?
A. They are set in Lndn.
B. They feature appealing plt twists.
C. They are written by British authrs.
D. They are centered the theme f rmance.
2.Which bk mentins racial discriminatin?
A. All Furs.B. Gd Material.C. James.D. Martyr!.
3.What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T persuade.B. T criticize.C. T advertise.D. T intrduce.
B
Brn int a farming family in Chngqing, Wang Minglng was always ne f the shrtest and skinniest kids in his class. At age 13, Wang was diagnsed with ankylsing spndylitis (AS) (强直性脊柱炎) and was tld he might spend the rest f his life in a wheelchair. Hwever, after years f preparatins, he became the first persn in the wrld with the disease t scale the wrld’s tallest peak Munt Qmlangma, demnstrating the pwer f passin, curage and perseverance.
Actually, within a few mnths f being diagnsed, Wang Minglng fell int a deep depressin and became discuraged due t cntinuus pain and desperatin, until he watched the mvie Frrest Gump at schl and was inspired. “I wanted t run like Gump and I wanted a fulfilling life as well,” he recalled. Mtivated by the mvie, Wang jined the schl’s athletic team and started running every mrning despite the pain. After fur years, t his surprise, he grew much strnger and ran faster than mst f his teammates. At the same time, he perfrmed well in his study and became a cmputer science majr at Chngqing University.
But his disease never left him. In 2021, a medical check fund that his spine was abut t break. The dctr tld him that ne fall culd make him a paraplegic (瘫痪病人), and suggested surgery. The surgery was a success. After sme rest, he fund himself much strnger and physically mre prepared t realize his dream f scaling the highest muntain in the wrld.
As his inflexible spine severely limits his head and upper bdy mvements, his jurney was mre dangerus than fr ther climbers. “I was s clse t death at least three times, I thught I might die up there (n the muntain), ” he said. “The disease and pain can nly make me lve the wrld a lt mre,” he said. “I want t spread the passin fr life t mre peple arund me.”
4.What inspired Wang Minglng t scale the highest muntain in the wrld?
A. The visin f living a fulfilling life.
B. The determinatin t defeat his disease.
C. The intentin f encuraging yung peple.
D. The preference fr experiencing adventures.
5.What d we knw abut Wang Minglng?
A. He has always been psitive abut his disease.
B. His spine made the climbing mre challenging.
C. He jined a cmputer science club in university.
D. He is the first man t scale the peak Munt Qmlangm.
6.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Wang?
A. Brave and intelligent.B. Ambitius and tlerant.
C. Perseverant and ptimistic.D. Strng-willed and patient.
7.What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Rses given, fragrance in hand.
B. Actin speaks luder than wrds.
C. Tw heads are better than ne head.
D. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C
The Ocean Cleanup Prject is a nn-prfit rganizatin dedicated t ridding the wrld’s ceans f plastic waste. Funded in 2013 by a Dutch teenager, Byan Slat, the prject aims t deply systems that can efficiently cllect and remve plastic pllutin frm the ceans.
The prblem f cean plastic pllutin is vast and grwing. Every year, millins f tns f plastic enter the ceans, harming marine life and disrupting ecsystems. The Ocean Cleanup Prject believes that the current methds f cleaning up plastic waste, such as using ships and nets, are nt effective enugh. Instead, they have develped a new system called the Ocean Cleanup Array.
The Ocean Cleanup Array is a flating barrier that uses the cean’s currents t cllect plastic waste. The barrier is made up f a series f intercnnected flats and bms that create a V-shaped structure. This structure allws the cean currents t push plastic waste twards the center f the barrier, where it is then cllected and remved. The system is designed t be self-sustaining and can perate cntinuusly fr years withut the need fr human interventin.
One f the key challenges facing the Ocean Cleanup Prject is funding. The rganizatin relies n dnatins and grants t supprt their research and develpment effrts. In additin t funding, it als faces challenges related t the deplyment and maintenance f their systems. The ceans are vast and remte, making it difficult t mnitr and maintain the systems nce they are deplyed.
Despite these challenges, the Ocean Cleanup Prject has made significant prgress in their missin t rid the wrld’s ceans f plastic waste. They have successfully deplyed their systems in several lcatins arund the wrld and have cllected thusands f tns f plastic waste. Their effrts have been recgnized by the internatinal cmmunity, and they have received numerus awards and acclades fr their innvative apprach t slving the prblem f cean plastic pllutin. They were presented with Champins f the Earth Award, the United Natin’s highest envirnmental hnr.
The Ocean Cleanup Prject is a shining example f the pwer f innvatin and dedicatin t slving glbal envirnmental prblems. By develping new and effective methds fr cleaning up plastic waste frm the ceans, they are helping t prtect marine life and preserve the health f ur planet fr future generatins.
8.What is the main gal f the Ocean Cleanup Prject?
A. T prtect endangered marine species.
B. T educate the public abut cean pllutin.
C. T address the issue f marine plastic pllutin.
D. T research new systems fr marine applicatins.
9.What’s the main idea f paragraph 3?
A. Hw des the Ocean Cleanup Array wrk.
B. Why is the Ocean Cleanup Array develped.
C. What’s the shape f the Ocean Cleanup Array.
D. What’s the advantage f the Ocean Cleanup Array.
10.What’s the purpse f mentining “Champins f the Earth Award”?
A. T shw it is famus.B. T give an example.
C. T prve its prgress.D. T list ne f awards.
11.What can we learn frm the text?
A. The prject runs nly depending n dnatins.
B. The prject has emplyed their systems glbally.
C. The prject has little impact n the cean and peple.
D. The prject stands ut in terms f innvatin and devtin.
D
Peple whse jbs are highly sedentary (久坐不动的) — an estimated 80% f the mdern wrkfrce — experience a much higher risk f insmnia (失眠) symptms, accrding t a new study led by University f Suth Flrida psychlgist Claire Smith.
“The way we are designing wrk pses serius, lng-term threats t healthy sleep,” Smith said. “Healthy sleep invlves mre than just getting yur eight hurs. It’s als falling asleep easily, sleeping thrugh the night and having a cnsistent sleep schedule. Cmpanies shuld be aware f the specific sleep risks f their wrkfrce t imprve detectin and interventin.”
The research, based n data frm the natinal Midlife in the United States study, identified three sleep health categries amng wrkers ver a 10-year perid: gd sleepers, catch-up sleepers and insmnia-like sleepers.
The study fund that sedentary wrk is strngly linked t the insmnia sleeper categry, characterized by symptms such as difficulty falling asleep, interrupted sleep and frequent daytime tiredness. Meanwhile, emplyees with nntraditinal schedules, such as wrking night shifts, were mre likely t fall int the catch-up sleeper grup.
Smith said the research suggests that mving yur bdy during the wrkday and limiting after-hurs wrk may nt just help yu sleep well that night but prtect against nging sleep prblems a decade later.
The study als shws that wrkers wh fall int a pattern f pr sleep due t their jb design, such as lng hurs f sedentary wrk r erratic schedules, may end up stuck in such unhealthy patterns fr years. Fr example, 90% f insmnia-like sleepers saw their symptms persist 10 years later.
“This is particularly imprtant fr bth emplyers and emplyees, since research shws that pr sleep health is knwn t impact prductivity, well-being and verall health,” said Smith, wh led the prject in cllabratin with an interdisciplinary team f experts in psychlgy, psychiatry, aging and medicine.
She added that the findings suggest redesigning jbs with sleep health in mind culd be key t imprving wrker well-being and underscre the need fr wrkplace interventins that cnsider sleep health as a dynamic, multifaceted issue, rather than a ne-size-fits-all prblem.
12.What des the study fcus n?
A. The imprtance f getting enugh sleep.
B. Tips fr imprving sleep quality fr wrkers.
C. The link between sedentary wrk and sleep prblems.
D. Research n the sleep patterns f middle-aged peple.
13.Wh are mst likely t experience insmnia-like symptms?
A. Thse wh wrk at night.
B. Thse wh frequently wrk vertime.
C. Thse wh wrk with flexible schedules.
D. Thse wh have a cnsistent sleep schedule.
14.What des the underlined wrd “erratic” mean in paragraph 6?
A. Fixed.B. Stable.C. Irregular.D. Well-rganized.
15.What des Smith suggest emplyers and emplyees shuld d?
A. Treat sleep health as a ne-size-fits-all issue.
B. Ignre sleep prblems as they are nt serius
C. Cnsider sleep health when redesigning jbs.
D. Fcus n prductivity rather than sleep quality.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms. Start f Winter, the 19th slar term and the first fr winter, usually falls n Nvember 7-8. Here are three things abut Start f Winter.
Wrshiping ancestrs
16 . The emperr wuld fast fr three days befre its arrival and then lead fficials t the suburban regins. They wuld perfrm big rituals t welcme the arrival f Winter Gd. Incense was burned and sacrifices were ffered t ancestrs. They wuld als hnr heres wh sacrificed themselves fr the natin, and pray fr prtectin fr their spirit.
17
T stay warm in the winter cld, peple usually cnsume fds with rich prteins arund Start f Winter, particularly chicken, duck, fish and meat. Old Fire Sup is a true delicacy in the suthern regin f China. It is a slw-cked sup that is simmered fr hurs with varius herbs, meats and vegetables. But peple in Nrthern China have a traditin f eating dumplings. 18 .
Making winter wine
As winter begins, nature prepares its best cnditins fr the brew f yellw wine in Shaxing, which has a histry f 2,500 years and is cnsidered ne f the mst famus varieties f Chinese wine. Traditinally, it is warmed t entertain guests, t drive away the winter chills and t warm the sul. 19 . Water is usually clearer arund this time while the lw temperature restricts the grwth f germs.
20 . These custms nt nly add warmth t the cld seasn but pass dwn the ancient wisdm.
A．Eating dumplings
B．Nurishing the winter
C．Start f Winter used t be a big day in China
D．Start f Winter is rich in traditins and cultural meanings
E．Just as the name indicates, it declares the beginning f winter
F．And muttn pt is als in huge demand in many regins arund Start f Winter
G．There are tw main cntributrs t the sweet flavr during the brewing prcess
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共22.5分。
Fr sme, running a business frm a cllege drm seems 21 , but nt fr Humphrey. Since last winter, she’s been making, selling, and distributing her wn drm-made kmbucha (康普茶). What started ut fr 22 benefits has nw becme a part-time jb.
Struggling with health issues, Humphrey 23 disliked kmbucha but ended up 24 anther taste after trying it fr a secnd time. Then she grew t lve it. With the empty bttles 25 , s did the bill. Finding it cstly t buy, she 26 t make it herself. Sn enugh, she bught a kmbucha-making kit and learned the 27 frm the shpkeeper, wh had sme experience in the practice. After making her first attempt, her sisters sn became 28 t the drink and encuraged her t start selling it.
Originally, Humphrey was 29 t put up advertisements fr her business, wrrying that administratin wuld have a prblem with it. 30 , the anxiety was unnecessary. She made quality and safety f the prduct her 31 . She tasted every batch, and wuld never sell smething which she didn’t taste first. As wrd spread, her business grew 32 her initial expectatins.
She liked the creative aspect f it, bth frm the business half and the actual prduct-making half. It’s 33 harder t run the business than t make the drink. It can be hard t 34 if yu’re a full-time student wh als handles a part-time jb, 35 Humphrey likes the challenge.
21.A. uniqueB. challengingC. cstlyD. familiar
22.A. fundB. attentinC. healthD. emtin
23.A. cnsequentlyB. initiallyC. accrdinglyD. accidentally
24.A. waitingB. eatingC. bitingD. acquiring
25.A. piled upB. pulled upC. picked upD. brke up
26.A. determinedB. calledC. appliedD. recmmended
27.A. stringsB. threadsC. rpesD. pipes
28.A. devtedB. addictedC. blessedD. fnd
29.A. reluctantB. tlerantC. willingD. hesitant
30.A. In factB. As usualC. Once againD. In return
31.A. ppularityB. minrityC. prirityD. majrity
32.A. withinB. insideC. utsideD. beynd
33.A. graduallyB. definitelyC. simplyD. nrmally
34.A. balanceB. testC. persuadeD. predict
35.A. thughB. andC. sD. yet
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.On Feb. 30, 2024, China cmpleted the cnstructin f the wrld’s lngest expressway tunnel thrugh snw-cvered muntains in the Xinjiang Uygur autnmus regin, 36 (mark) a significant milestne in its infrastructure develpment.
Once peratinal, the 22. 13-kilmeter Tianshan Shengli Tunnel will reduce the travel time thrugh the Tianshan Muntains — ne f the lngest muntain 37 (range) in the wrld — frm three hurs t abut 20 minutes.
It will significantly bst cnnectivity between nrthern and suthern Xinjiang and help the regin, 38 is a cre area n the Silk Rad Ecnmic Belt, further pen up t Eurasian cuntries, the reginal gvernment said.
The tunneling wrk started in April 2020. The cnstructin team had t vercme many difficulties and 39 (cntinuus) innvate t beat challenges such as an average cnstructin elevatin f ver 3, 000 meters 40 cmplicated gelgical cnditins.
Yang Dngdng, a member f the cnstructin team, said they successfully 41 (deal) with many incidents, including wall cllapses and gushing water. “I feel very emtinal 42 (see) the tunneling wrk is finally ver. It’s like seeing my child being brn,” he said.
Cui Jingchuan, president f China Cmmunicatins Cnstructin Xinjiang Transprtatin Investment and Develpment C, said that all f the machinery 43 (use) t tackle the unprecedented challenges was dmestically develped.
The reginal gvernment said 44 new tunnel will bst the flw and cmmunicatin f peple between nrthern and suthern Xinjiang, allwing 45 mre career and develpment pprtunities.
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五、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。
37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Fr the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same schl-he as an administratr and I as a student. Our relatinship, in and ut f schl, has been a wild, unpredictable ride.
When I was yunger, all that my dad said was dctrine (信条) and anything did I, naturally, cpied. I was his little shadw, imitating his every mve. We played games tgether, and stayed up late reading bedtime stries. They were sme f the best times. I culd cunt n my dad taking me t schl, running int him regularly during the day and riding hme with him every afternn.
As the years ticked by, I hit my pre-teen years. Things started t shift. Suddenly, my dad wasn’t the cl guy I nce thught he was. He wre his scks t high, listened t hrrible cuntry music and laughed t ludly in frnt f my friends. Hw hrrible it was! He became the surce f all my teenage embarrassment. Hwever, the disasters that ccurred in schl were even wrse. The wrst ne happened in seventh grade. Our class was having a New Year party, and there he was, dressed up as Dnald Duck. With a guitar in hand, he sang the mst ridiculus sng. Just kill me! I just wanted the grund t pen up and swallw me whle. S I ran away as fast as my legs culd carry me.
This struggle cntinued well int high schl. But then, smething unexpected happened. It was arund the time f my 10th-grade physics prject. The assignment was t cnstruct a wden bridge that had the best strength-t-weight rati (比率) . All the students and physics teachers participated. And guess what? My dad, the nly administratr, decided t jin in. Instantly, that familiar feeling f embarrassment washed ver me, and as usual, I fled the scene.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But hurs later, my friends ran up t me, their eyes shining with excitement.
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That evening, I gathered all my curage and walked t dad.
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六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
38.假定你是李华，上周你校组织了一次以“绿色生活，从我做起”为主题的环保活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Green Living, Start with Me
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答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。《纽约时报》发布了2024年十大最佳书籍榜单，文章简要介绍了其中四本书的作者、内容和特点。
1. 细节理解题。由Gd Material by Dlly Aldertn中“The nvel is warm, witty, and painfully real, ffering a fresh take n rmantic cmedy and featuring unexpected plt twists that delve int themes f independence, adventure, and chsing ne’s wn path in life.(这部小说温暖、诙谐、痛苦而真实，为浪漫喜剧提供了一种新的视角，并以意想不到的情节转折为特色，深入探讨了独立、冒险和选择自己的人生道路等主题)”和Martyr! by Kaveh Akbar中“It features inventive beauty, vivid characters, and surprising plt twists.(它具有创造性的美、生动的人物和令人惊讶的情节转折)”可知，Gd Material和Martyr!的共同之处在于它们以引人入胜的情节转折为特色。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。由James by Percival Everett中“The nvel is praised fr its deep cmment f racism and slavery, as well as its new interpretatin f the character f Jim, wh emerges as a dignity-filled, altruistic, and wise individual.(这部小说因其对种族主义和奴隶制的深刻评论以及对吉姆角色的新诠释而受到称赞，吉姆是一个充满尊严、无私和智慧的人)”可知，James提到了种族歧视。故选C项。
3. 推理判断题。由第一段“The New Yrk Times released its list f the 10 Best Bks f 2024, which includes bth fictin and nn-fictin titles that have left a prfund impact n readers and critics alike.(《纽约时报》发布了2024年十大最佳书籍榜单，其中包括对读者和评论家都产生了深远影响的小说和非小说类书籍)”和下文对四本书的介绍可知，文章简要介绍了四本书的作者、内容和特点，属于信息性文本，目的是“介绍书籍”。故选D项。
4~7.【答案】A、B、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有强直性脊柱炎的王明龙凭借坚定意志克服疾病和极端困难实现攀登世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的目标的励志故事。
1. 推理判断题。由第二段中“Actually, within a few mnths f being diagnsed, Wang Minglng fell int a deep depressin and became discuraged due t cntinuus pain and desperatin, until he watched the mvie Frrest Gump at schl and was inspired.(事实上，在确诊后的几个月内，王明龙就陷入了深深的抑郁，并因持续的痛苦和绝望而气馁，直到他在学校看了电影《阿甘正传》才受到启发。他回忆道：“我想像阿甘一样跑步，也想过充实的生活。”)”可知，王明龙因观看电影《阿甘正传》受到启发，渴望像阿甘一样奔跑并拥有充实的人生。因此，促使王明龙攀登世界最高峰的是“对充实生活的向往”。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。由最后一段中“As his inflexible spine severely limits his head and upper bdy mvements, his jurney was mre dangerus than fr ther climbers.(由于他僵硬的脊椎严重限制了他的头部和上身运动，他的旅程比其他登山者更危险)”可知，王明龙的脊椎问题使攀登更具挑战性。故选B项。
3. 推理判断题。由第二段中“Mtivated by the mvie, Wang jined the schl’s athletic team and started running every mrning despite the pain. (受这部电影的启发，王明龙加入了学校的运动队，尽管很痛苦，但每天早上都开始跑步)”，第三段中“The surgery was a success. After sme rest, he fund himself much strnger and physically mre prepared t realize his dream f scaling the highest muntain in the wrld.(手术很成功。经过一段时间的休息，他发现自己变得更加强壮，身体也更加准备好实现攀登世界最高峰的梦想)”和最后一段中““The disease and pain can nly make me lve the wrld a lt mre,” he said.(他说：“疾病和痛苦只会让我更加爱这个世界。”)”可知，王明龙在疾病折磨下坚持锻炼、手术后仍追求目标，且表示“疾病和痛苦让我更热爱世界”，体现了“坚持不懈和乐观”。故选C项。
4. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了患有强直性脊柱炎的王明龙凭借坚定意志克服疾病和极端困难实现攀登世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的目标的励志故事，对应“有志者事竟成”。故选D项。
8~11.【答案】C、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“海洋清理项目”(The Ocean Cleanup Prjec)，这是一个致力于清除海洋塑料污染的非营利组织。文章详细描述了该项目的目标、技术手段、面临的挑战以及取得的成就。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Ocean Cleanup Prject is a nn-prfit rganizatin dedicated t ridding the wrld’s ceans f plastic waste.(海洋清理项目是一个致力于清除世界海洋塑料污染的非营利组织。)”可知，该项目的主要目标是解决海洋塑料污染问题。故选C项。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The Ocean Cleanup Array is a flating barrier that uses the cean’s currents t cllect plastic waste.(海洋清理阵列是一种利用洋流收集塑料垃圾的浮动屏障。)”以及后续对系统工作原理的描述可知，本段主要介绍了海洋清理阵列的工作原理。故选A项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第五段“Their effrts have been recgnized by the internatinal cmmunity, and they have received numerus awards and acclades fr their innvative apprach t slving the prblem f cean plastic pllutin. They were presented with Champins f the Earth Award, the United Natin’s highest envirnmental hnr.(他们的努力得到了国际社会的认可，并因其创新解决海洋塑料污染问题的方法获得了众多奖项和荣誉。他们被授予‘地球卫士奖’，这是联合国最高的环境荣誉。)”可知，提到“地球卫士奖”是为了证明该项目取得的进展和成就。故选C项。
4. ．推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“The Ocean Cleanup Prject is a shining example f the pwer f innvatin and dedicatin t slving glbal envirnmental prblems.(海洋清理项目是创新和奉献精神解决全球环境问题的典范。)”可知，该项目在创新和奉献方面表现突出。故选D项。
12~15.【答案】C、B、C、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了久坐不动的工作与睡眠问题之间的联系，并呼吁重视职场中的睡眠健康问题。
1. 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Peple whse jbs are highly sedentary — an estimated 80% f the mdern wrkfrce — experience a much higher risk f insmnia symptms, accrding t a new study led by University f Suth Flrida psychlgist Claire Smith. (根据南佛罗里达大学心理学家克莱尔・史密斯牵头的一项新研究，那些工作时久坐不动的人——据估计占现代劳动力的 80%——出现失眠症状的风险要高得多。 )”可知，这项研究重点关注的是久坐不动的工作与失眠症状之间的联系。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Meanwhile, emplyees with nntraditinal schedules, such as wrking night shifts, were mre likely t fall int the catch-up sleeper grup. (与此同时，工作时间不规律（如值夜班）的员工更有可能属于补觉者这一群体。)”和第五段“Smith said the research suggests that mving yur bdy during the wrkday and limiting after-hurs wrk may nt just help yu sleep well that night but prtect against nging sleep prblems a decade later. (史密斯表示，这项研究表明，在工作日活动一下身体，以及限制下班后的工作，可能不仅有助于你当晚睡个好觉，还能在十年后预防持续存在的睡眠问题。)”可知，经常加班的人最有可能出现类似失眠的症状。故选B。
3. 词句猜测题。由文章第六段中“The study als shws that wrkers wh fall int a pattern f pr sleep due t their jb design, such as lng hurs f sedentary wrk r erratic schedules, may end up stuck in such unhealthy patterns fr years. (研究还显示，那些由于工作设计（比如长时间久坐不动或erratic工作时间安排）而陷入睡眠不佳模式的员工，可能会在数年时间里一直困在这种不健康的模式中。)”可知，此处指由于工作设计而陷入不良睡眠模式的工人，除了长时间久坐工作外，还有“不规律的日程安排”也会导致不健康的睡眠模式，故erratic的意思是“不规律的”与Irregular“不规律的”意思相符。故选C。
4. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“She added that the findings suggest redesigning jbs with sleep health in mind culd be key t imprving wrker well-being and underscre the need fr wrkplace interventins that cnsider sleep health as a dynamic, multifaceted issue, rather than a ne-size-fits-all prblem. (她补充说，这些研究结果表明，在重新设计工作时考虑到睡眠健康，可能是提升员工幸福感的关键，并且强调了工作场所干预措施的必要性，即要将睡眠健康视为一个动态的、多方面的问题，而不是采用一刀切的方式来处理。)”可知，史密斯建议雇主和雇员在重新设计工作时要考虑睡眠健康。故选C。
16~20.【答案】C、B、F、G、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了立冬这一节气的传统习俗和文化意义。
1. 由下文“The emperr wuld fast fr three days befre its arrival and then lead fficials t the suburban regins. They wuld perfrm big rituals t welcme the arrival f Winter Gd. Incense was burned and sacrifices were ffered t ancestrs. They wuld als hnr heres wh sacrificed themselves fr the natin, and pray fr prtectin fr their spirit. (皇帝会在立冬到来前斋戒三天，然后率领官员前往城郊地区。他们会举行盛大的仪式来迎接冬神的降临。人们焚香祭祖，同时也会缅怀那些为国家献身的英雄，并祈求神灵护佑他们的英灵。)”可知，下文描述了中国古代对立冬这一天的重视，本空应强调立冬这一天过去在中国是很重要的，会举行各种重大仪式。C选项“Start f Winter used t be a big day in China (立冬过去在中国是一个重要的日子)”能够概括这一段的内容，引出下文关于立冬重要活动的描述，符合语境。故选C。
2. 此空为小标题；由下文“T stay warm in the winter cld, peple usually cnsume fds with rich prteins arund Start f Winter, particularly chicken, duck, fish and meat. (为了在冬天的寒冷中保暖，人们通常在立冬前后食用富含蛋白质的食物，尤其是鸡肉、鸭肉、鱼肉和肉类。)”可知，这一段主要讲的是立冬时节人们的饮食，本空应强调通过饮食来滋养身体，抵御寒冷。B选项“Nurishing the winter(冬季滋补)”能够准确概括这一段的主旨，符合语境。故选B。
3. 由上文“T stay warm in the winter cld, peple usually cnsume fds with rich prteins arund Start f Winter, particularly chicken, duck, fish and meat. Old Fire Sup is a true delicacy in the suthern regin f China. It is a slw-cked sup that is simmered fr hurs with varius herbs, meats and vegetables. But peple in Nrthern China have a traditin f eating dumplings. (为了在冬日的严寒中保持温暖，人们通常会在立冬时节食用富含蛋白质的食物，尤其是鸡肉、鸭肉、鱼肉和肉类。老火靓汤是中国南方地区的一道真正的美味佳肴。这是一种慢炖的汤品，会用各种中药材、肉类和蔬菜慢火炖煮数小时。而在中国北方，人们则有吃饺子的传统。)”可知，上文讲的是立冬时节人们的饮食，最后列举立冬时北方人吃饺子的传统，本空应对上文进行补充，列举其它饮食习惯。F选项“And muttn pt is als in huge demand in many regins arund Start f Winter (而且在立冬前后，羊肉火锅在很多地区也很受欢迎)”进一步补充了立冬时其他的饮食传统，与上文关于饮食的内容相呼应，符合语境。故选F。
4. 由上文“As winter begins, nature prepares its best cnditins fr the brew f yellw wine in Shaxing, which has a histry f 2, 500 years and is cnsidered ne f the mst famus varieties f Chinese wine. Traditinally, it is warmed t entertain guests, t drive away the winter chills and t warm the sul. (随着冬季的到来，大自然为绍兴黄酒的酿造提供了绝佳的条件。绍兴黄酒有着 2500 年的历史，被认为是中国最著名的酒类品种之一。按照传统，人们会将绍兴黄酒温热后用来款待客人，以此驱走冬日的寒意，温暖心灵。)”及下文“Water is usually clearer arund this time while the lw temperature restricts the grwth f germs. (这段时间水通常更清澈，而低温限制了细菌的生长。)”可知，上文提到传统上加热黄酒用来招待客人，以驱散冬天的寒冷，温暖心灵，下文提到这段时间水通常更清澈且低温限制了细菌的生长，由此推知，本句应强调立冬满足酿造黄酒的条件，有适当的水和温度，G选项“There are tw main cntributrs t the sweet flavr during the brewing prcess (在酿造过程中，有两个主要因素决定了甜味)”讲述了黄酒的酿造条件，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
5. 由下文“These custms nt nly add warmth t the cld seasn but pass dwn the ancient wisdm. (这些习俗不仅为寒冷的季节增添了温暖，而且传承了古人的智慧。)”可知，下文提到的these custms指的是立冬时节的习俗，由此可知，本句应说明立冬这一节气富含传统和文化意义，D选项“Start f Winter is rich in traditins and cultural meanings (立冬富含传统和文化意义)”点明本段主题，且句中traditins and cultural meanings与下文These custms及ancient wisdm相呼应，符合题意。故选D。
21~35.【答案】B、C、B、D、A、A、C、B、D、A、C、D、B、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Humphrey从为了健康开始自制康普茶，到现在将制作和销售康普茶发展成了一项兼职工作。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对一些人来说，在大学宿舍里做生意似乎很有挑战性，但对Humphrey来说不是。A. unique独特的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. cstly昂贵的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Fr sme, running a business frm a cllege drm”及下文“if yu’re a full-time student wh als handles a part-time jb, ____15____ Humphrey likes the challenge.”可知，在大学宿舍创业对一些人来说应是有挑战性的。故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始是为了健康益处，现在变成了一份兼职工作。A. fund资金；B. attentin注意力；C. health健康；D. emtin情感。根据下文“Struggling with health issues”可知，一开始是为了健康益处。故选C。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：与健康问题作斗争的Humphrey最初不喜欢康普茶，但在第二次尝试后，最终获得了另一种味道。A. cnsequently因此；B. initially最初；C. accrdingly相应地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据下文“disliked kmbucha but ended up ___4___ anther taste after trying it fr a secnd time. Then she grew t lve it.”可知，她最初不喜欢康普茶，后来喜欢上了这种茶。故选B。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与健康问题作斗争的Humphrey最初不喜欢康普茶，但在第二次尝试后，最终获得了另一种味道。A. waiting等待；B. eating吃；C. biting咬；D. acquiring获得。根据下文“after trying it fr a secnd time”可知，此处指又尝了一次，获得了另一种味道。故选D。
5. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：空瓶子堆积如山，账单也堆积如山。A. piled up堆积；B. pulled up停车；C. picked up捡起；D. brke up破裂。根据上文“With the empty bttles”可知，此处指空瓶子堆积起来。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现这东西太贵了，就决定自己做。A. determined决定；B. called打电话；C. applied申请；D. recmmended推荐。根据上文“Finding it cstly t buy”及下文“t make it herself.”可知，因为太贵了，所以她决定自己制作。determine t d sth.“决定做某事”。故选A。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，她买了一套康普茶制作工具，并从店主那里学了诀窍，店主在这方面有一些经验。A. strings细绳；B. threads线；C. rpes诀窍；D. pipes管道。根据下文“frm the shpkeeper, wh had sme experience in the practice.”可知，她从店主那里学习了制作诀窍。故选C。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她第一次尝试之后，她的姐妹们很快就对这种饮料上瘾了，并鼓励她开始出售它。A. devted忠诚的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. blessed神圣的；D. fnd喜欢的。根据下文“encuraged her t start selling it.”可知，她的姐妹们鼓励她出售，说明她们很喜欢她制作的茶，对她的茶上瘾了。becme addicted t“对……上瘾”。故选B。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，Humphrey对为她的生意做广告犹豫不决，担心管理部门有意见。A. reluctant不情愿的；B. tlerant宽容的；C. willing愿意的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据下文“wrrying that administratin wuld have a prblem with it.”可知，她担心管理部门有意见，所以起初对为她的生意做广告犹豫不决。故选D。
10. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，这种焦虑是不必要的。A. In fact事实上；B. As usual像往常一样；C. Once again再一次；D. In return作为回报。根据下文“the anxiety was unnecessary. She made quality and safety f the prduct her ___11___ . She tasted every batch, and wuld never sell smething which she didn’t taste first.”可知，她确保自己的产品质量和安全，因此，实际上她的担心是不必要的。故选A。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把产品的质量和安全放在首位。A. ppularity流行；B. minrity少数；C. pririty优先事项；D. majrity大多数。根据上文“She tasted every batch, and wuld never sell smething which she didn’t taste first.”可知，她把产品质量和安全放在首位。故选C。
12. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着消息的传播，她的生意超出了她最初的预期。A. within在……之内；B. inside在……里面；C. utside在……外面；D. beynd超出。根据上文“As wrd spread, her business grew”及下文“her initial expectatins”可知，她的生意超出了她最初的预期，beynd expectatins“超出预期”。故选D。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：经营生意肯定比制作饮料更难。A. gradually逐渐地；B. definitely肯定地；C. simply简单地；D. nrmally正常地。根据下文“harder t run the business than t make the drink.”及常识可知，经营生意肯定比制作饮料更难。故选B。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一名全职学生，同时还要做一份兼职工作，这可能很难平衡，但Humphrey喜欢这种挑战。A. balance平衡；B. test测试；C. persuade说服；D. predict预测。根据下文“if yu’re a full-time student wh als handles a part-time jb”可知，此处指平衡学业和兼职工作之间的关系。故选A。
15. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一名全职学生，同时还要做一份兼职工作，这可能很难平衡，但Humphrey喜欢这种挑战。A. thugh尽管；B. and和；C. s所以；D. yet但是。根据上文“It can be hard t ___14___ if yu’re a full-time student wh als handles a part-time jb”及下文“Humphrey likes the challenge.”可知，前面说难平衡，后面说喜欢挑战，前后是转折关系，应用yet。故选D。
36.【答案】【小题1】
marking
【小题2】
ranges
【小题3】
which
【小题4】
cntinuusly
【小题5】
and
【小题6】
had dealt
【小题7】
t see
【小题8】
used
【小题9】
the
【小题10】
fr
【解析】1.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国建成世界最长穿山高速隧道，意义重大。
考查非谓语动词。句意：2024年2月30日，中国完成了世界上最长的穿越新疆维吾尔自治区雪山的高速公路隧道建设，标志着中国基础设施建设的一个重要里程碑。本句已有谓语动词cmpleted，空处需填非谓语动词，且逻辑主语China与mark“标志”构成主动关系，故用现在分词，作状语。故填marking。
2. 考查名词的数。句意：天山胜利隧道全长22.13公里，一旦投入使用，将使穿越天山山脉——世界上最长的山脉之一——的行程时间从3小时缩短到约20分钟。muntain range“山脉”，为可数名词，ne f后接名词复数形式，本空用复数ranges，符合题意。故填ranges。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：地区政府表示，这将极大地促进新疆南北部的连通性，并帮助该地区（丝绸之路经济带核心区）进一步向欧亚国家开放。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为regin，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
4. 考查副词。句意：施工队伍不得不克服许多困难，不断创新，以克服平均海拔3000米以上和地质条件复杂等挑战。空处修饰动词innvate，需用副词cntinuusly“不断地”，作状语。故填cntinuusly。
5. 考查连词。句意同上。结合句意，an average cnstructin elevatin f ver 3, 000 meters与cmplicated gelgical cnditins为并列关系，都作介词such as的宾语，故用连词and连接。故填and。
6. 考查动词时态。句意：施工队成员杨东东说，他们成功处理了多起事故，包括墙体倒塌和涌水。said后为宾语从句，本空为从句地谓语，deal with“处理”发生在said之前，所以此处使用过去完成时。故填had dealt。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：看到隧道工程终于完工，我很激动。句子已有谓语动词feel，空处需填非谓语动词，feel/be emtinal t d sth.“对做某事感到激动的”，本空用不定式t see。故填t see。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国交通建设新疆交通运输投资有限公司总裁崔景川表示，所有用于应对前所未有的挑战的机械设备都是国内研发的。that引导的宾语从句已有谓语动词said，空处需填非谓语动词，作后置定语，machinery与use“使用”构成被动关系，故用过去分词，作定语。故填used。
9. 考查冠词。句意：新疆自治区政府表示，新隧道将促进新疆北部和南部之间的人员流动和交流，为更多的职业和发展机会创造条件。tunnel为可数名词，此处表示前文已经提到过的隧道，故用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
10. 考查介词。句意同上。此处为固定短语allw fr意为“使……成为可能，为……提供机会”符合题意，所以此处使用介词fr。故填fr。
37.【答案】But hurs later, my friends ran up t me, their eyes shining with excitement. They culdn't wait t tell me hw my dad's bridge was the talk f the schl. S unique was his design that it had everyne amazed. It nt nly withstd the weight test effrtlessly but als lked incredibly elegant. I was dumbfunded, my initial shck gradually turning int a sense f pride that I culdn't cntain. The image f my embarrassing dad started t fade, replaced by ne f a creative and capable man.
That evening, I gathered all my curage and walked t dad. Standing befre him, I said sincerely, "Dad, I heard abut yur amazing achievement in the physics prject. I'm truly prud f yu. " His eyes widened in surprise, and then a warm smile spread acrss his face. He pulled me int a hug, saying, "Sn, yur wrds mean everything t me. " At that mment, I felt a strng bnd rekindling between us. Frm then n, I began t see my dad in a new light, appreciating his uniqueness and lving him mre deeply than ever.
【解析】【文章大意】本文以人物为线索展开。过去十年，作者和身为学校管理人员的父亲在同一所学校。小时候作者视父亲为偶像，形影不离。青春期时，父亲的言行让作者尴尬，学校里的事更让作者难堪。高中时，父亲参加项目又让作者想逃避。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“但几个小时后，我的朋友们跑过来，他们的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。”可知，第一段可以描写朋友们对父亲的创作的作品的评价和作者的感受。
②由第二段句首内容“那天晚上，我鼓起勇气走向爸爸。”可知，第二段可以描写父子二人交流的过程和二人的感受、作者的变化。
2.续写线索：朋友们跑过来——对父亲的称赞——自豪——走向爸爸——二人关系增进—变化
3.词汇激活
行为类
①变成：turn int/becme
②抑制：cntain/cntrl
③开始：begin/start
情绪类
①吃惊的：amazed/surprised
②令人难以置信的优雅：incredibly elegant/unbelievably elegant
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was dumbfunded, my initial shck gradually turning int a sense f pride that I culdn’t cntain. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】The image f my embarrassing dad started t fade, replaced by ne f a creative and capable man. (运用了非谓语动词t fade作宾语、过去分词replaced作状语)
38.【答案】Green Living, Start with Me
Last week, ur schl rganized an envirnmental prtectin activity themed “Green Living, Start with Me”. The activity aimed t raise students’ awareness f envirnmental prtectin and encurage them t take actin.
During the activity, students attended a lecture n envirnmental prtectin knwledge and participated in a pster - making cmpetitin. They als tk part in a campus clean - up, picking up litter and srting waste.
The activity received an enthusiastic respnse. Students said they learned a lt and were determined t live a greener life, making cntributins t envirnmental prtectin.
【解析】【思路点拨】
【文章大意】本篇书面表达要求考生对于上周你校组织了一次以“绿色生活，从我做起”为主题的环保活动写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在做某事：aimed t d→ was intended t d
参加：participated in → tk part in
增强，提升：raise→ enhance
决定做某事：were determined t→ decided t d
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The activity received an enthusiastic respnse.
拓展句：The activity received an enthusiastic respnse, which fully arused the enthusiasm f the students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last week, ur schl rganized an envirnmental prtectin activity themed “Green Living, Start with Me”.（运用了非谓语动词中的过去分词作后置定语修饰activity）
【高分句型2】Students said they learned a lt and were determined t live a greener life, making cntributins t envirnmental prtectin.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句以及现在分词作状语）
【亮点词汇】
略
【高分句型】
略
【结构布局】
略