高考英语二轮专题-动词时态语态1（现在时）（知识清单）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮专题-动词时态语态1（现在时）（知识清单）（学生版），共12页。学案主要包含了10等内容，欢迎下载使用。

01 一般现在时典型用法
一般现在时是英语中最基础的时态之一，主要用于表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，以及客观事实、真理等。
1. 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如 always总是、usually通常、ften经常、smetimes有时、every week每周。
She brushes her teeth every mrning.
她每天早上刷牙。
My father reads newspapers after dinner usually.
我爸爸通常晚饭后看报纸。
2. 一般现在时表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然规律。
The earth ges arund the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难见真情。
3.在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。
If it rains tmrrw, we will stay at hme.
如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
She wn’t g t bed until her brther cmes back.
直到哥哥回来，她才会睡觉。
4. 一般现在时表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）时刻表且有明确时间状语。
Flight CA185 takes ff every Friday at 10:15 frm Guangzhu Baiyun Airprt.
CA185 航班每周五 10:15 从广州白云机场起飞。
The train leaves Beijing at 9:30 a.m. and arrives in Shanghai at 7:00 p.m.
这列火车上午 9:30 离开北京，晚上 7:00 抵达上海。
5. 一般现在时用于文章标题、图片说明、影评、剧评及场景解说等场合。
The her pens the dr and enters the rm quietly.
主角打开门，悄悄走进房间。
Messi runs with the ball, passes it t his teammate, and the teammate scres!
梅西带球奔跑，传给队友，队友进球了！
6. 以here/there开头引导的倒装句用一般现在时，表示正在发生的动作/状态。
Here cmes the bus! Let’s hurry.
公交车来了！咱们快点。
Lk! There flies a bird acrss the sky.
看！一只鸟正从天上飞过。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．On Mnday mrnings, it usually (take) me an hur t drive t wrk althugh the actual distance is nly 20 miles.
2．As a ratinal persn, f curse, ne always (have) a reasn t act n the strength f sme reasns.
3．With mre knwledge (cme) a deeper, mre wnderful mystery.
4．It will be a lng time befre he (recver) frm his present trubles.
5．What (puzzle) Lily’s friends is why she always has s many crazy ideas.
02 现在进行时典型用法
1.现在进行时可以表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，有标志性词汇nw, currently, lk, listen等。
She is cking dinner at the mment.
她此刻正在做晚饭。
Lk! The children are playing ftball in the park.
看！孩子们正在公园里踢足球。
2.现在进行时可用来描述当前一段时间内正在进行，但说话瞬间未必正在进行的动作。这类用法常与表示 “一段持续时间” 的状语连用。标志性词汇有these days , this week等。
My father is wrking n a new prject this mnth.
我爸爸这个月在做一个新项目。
He is nt playing vide games these days. He’s busy with exams.
这些天他没在玩电子游戏，他在忙着考试。
3. leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可表示将来发生的动作。
My parents are cming t visit next weekend.
我父母下周末要来拜访。
We are meeting ur clients at the ffice tmrrw.
我们明天要在办公室见客户。
4. 频度副词如 always, frever, cntinually, cnstantly 与现在进行时连用时，通过重复的动作传递强烈的感情色彩，如赞扬、喜爱、抱怨、不满、不耐烦等。
He is always lsing his keys. It’s s annying!
他总是弄丢钥匙，太烦人了！
The car is cntinually breaking dwn—we need t buy a new ne.
这辆车老是出故障，我们得买辆新的了。
5.易错提醒：always, cnstantly等频度副词即可与一般现在时连用，有能与现在进行时连用，注意把握含义。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The teacher tgether with the students (discuss) Reading Skills nw, which (publish) in America last year.
2．Caring fr the envirnment is becming mre and mre imprtant, because the earth’s natural resurces __________(run) ut.
3．There is my mther’s picture. Lk! My mther_________ (ck). She ften cks delicius meals fr my family.
4．We’re taking the train, leaving the day befre the Octber hliday begins. We (arrive) at 9:30 a. m. and will start sightseeing right away, s I hpe we sleep well n the train!
5．The water supply has been cut ff nw because the wrkers (repair) ne f the main pipes.
01 现在完成时典型用法
1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have knwn him since we were children.
我从小就认识他。
S far, they have wn three games.
到目前为止，他们赢了三场比赛。
2.现在完成时常见副词标志：recently/lately最近already已经。
We have already visited that museum twice.
我们已经去过那个博物馆两次了。
They haven’t cntacted me recently.他们最近没联系过我。
3.现在完成时常见短语标志：s far/up t nw/up till nw/d date到目前为止；fr 20 years二十年；since 2023自从2023年以来；in/ver the past five weeks在过去五周内。
T date, the prject has cst mre than we expected.
到目前为止，这个项目的花费超出了我们的预期。
Over the past five weeks, she has read 10 bks.
在过去五周内，她读了 10 本书。
4.现在完成时常见句型标志：It is the first time that….; It has been….since ….; the +最高级+名词+that从句。
It is the first time that she has eaten Sichuan htpt.
这是她第一次吃四川火锅。
It has been a mnth since she mved t New Yrk.
自从她搬到纽约已经一个月了。
That is the wrst strm that we have experienced in years.
那是我们多年来经历过的最严重的暴风雨。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．During the last three decades, the number f peple participating in physical fitness prgrams __________ (increase) sharply.
2．In recent years, many big cities (give) up the custm f lighting firecrackers n the Spring Festival t avid air pllutin.
3．It’s the first time that the mst active vlcan in the wrld, Mauna La in Hawaii, (erupt) in almst 40 years.
4．Since 1984, dzens f cuntries and regins frm all ver the wrld (jin) in the festival.
5．Over the past few years, mre and mre middle-class families (attach) great imprtance t a high quality educatin.
01 现在完成进行时典型用法
1.现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和fr，since引导的时间状语连用。
She has lived in Lndn fr 5 years.
她在伦敦住了 5 年，强调 “住” 的状态持续到现在，可能继续住。
She has been living in Lndn fr 5 years.
她在伦敦住了 5 年，强调 “一直在住” 的过程，更突出持续性。
2. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．This rganic farm (prduce) fine Italian live il since 1917. It will prvide mre high-quality live il in the future.
2．Chinese researchers (experiment) with hydrpnics since the 1970s and will cntinue t d s.
3．Mary (wrk) really hard n her bk fr three days and thinks she will have finished it by Friday.
4．We (grw) a lt f vegetables in the garden since last spring, which prvides fresh prduce fr ur family.
5．China’s high-speed railways (grw) frm 9,000 t 25,000 kilmetres ver the past few years.
利用“四看”巧解动词时态语态题
一看时间状语, 按图索骥，对号入座。
例题 1：We ______ (have) a meeting every Mnday mrning.
时间状语 “every Mnday mrning”表示 “经常性动作”→ 一般现在时。
答案：have
例题 2：By the end f last term, we ______ (learn) 3000 English wrds.
时间状语 “by the end f last term”（到上学期末）表示 “过去的过去”→ 过去完成时。
答案：had learned
二看整个固定句型, 依据其特定用法作答。
在动词时态语态题中，许多固定句型有其特定的时态搭配规则，掌握这些 “固定句型的特定用法” 能快速锁定答案。
例题 1：It is the third time that she ______ (win) the prize.
主句为 “it is”→ 从句用现在完成时。
答案：has wn
例题 2：It was the first time that we ______ (travel) abrad.
主句为 “it was”→ 从句用过去完成时。
答案：had traveled
例题 3：N sner ______ (she finish) the reprt than the bss asked fr it.
否定词 “n sner” 位于句首，主句倒装；动作“finish”在“asked”之前→过去完成时倒装。
答案：had she finished
三看主从句时态照应, 依据其用法作答。
1. 主句谓语动词是现在或将来时，从句谓语动词可以用任何需要的时态。
I'll tell yu what I will be ding at 8 'clck tmrrw. 我会告诉你明天8点我将在做什么。
2. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语动词需用相应的过去时态。
She tld me that she was watching TV at 8 'clck last night. 她告诉我她昨晚8点在看电视。
3. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句表示客观真理时其时态不用改变。
Our physics teacher said that light travels faster than sund. 我们的物理老师说光比声音传播得快。
四看特定语境照应, 依据其用法作答。
语法填空科技类多用一般现在时，故事经历类多用一般过去时。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．In the past few years, nline learning (becme) a significant part f the university and cllege experience.
2．I (intend) t call n yu, but was prevented frm ding s.
3．Hardly the plice received the emergency call when they rushed t the scene.
4．It is the first time that I (participate) in the vluntary activity themed Traditinal Chinese Culture.
5．He is the nly ne f the students wh (be) a winner f schlarship fr three years.
动词时态语态(1)综合能力提升
一、单项填空（高考真题）
1. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ persnalities (reveal) during the game, and ne’s weaknesses are expsed t the ppnent,” she adds.
2.（2025浙江1月卷）The cncept (be) certainly nt new – men have been renting gd suits fr decades – but fr female shppers, it is just taking ff.
3.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse (walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr the first time.
4.（2025北京卷）Sme chices are quick, while thers take mre thught. Usually, better utcmes ________ (achieve) thrugh a thrugh understanding f strategies like risk tlerance.
5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).
6.（2023北京卷）Up t nw, China __________ (establish) a number f prtected areas with mangrves.
7.（2022北京卷）The use f thse plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The wrld wn’t survive if this situatin cntinues.
8.（2021北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number f extreme weather events ver the past 20 years, caused largely by rising glbal temperatures, accrding t a new reprt frm the United Natins.
9.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Ca _________ (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa’s highest muntain.
10.（2022北京卷）The use f thse plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The wrld wn’t survive if this situatin cntinues.
二、现在时态与语法填空
（24-25高一下·江苏·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hidden amng 1 (twer) trees in Shuiku village, Xu Dan’s hmestay attracts an uninterrupted flw f urban residents seeking calmness and traditin.
At the main curtyard f her rural huse in Changxing cunty f Huzhu city in East China’s Zhejiang prvince, lies a peaceful pl s clear 2 it lks like a mirrr f the sky, 3 a small wden bat gently drifting. Arched stne bridges span the water t link scattered curtyards and winding paths that meander thrugh small artificial muntains, each rck carefully 4 (place) t ech the harmny f classic Chinese gardens.
Tea artisans in flwing rbes perfrm age-ld rituals — steeping, puring, and presenting the tea with graceful mvements. Guests 5 (welcme) nt nly with warmth but als a ceremnial tea treat: three flavrs, each filled with special meaning. “The sweet tea, crafted frm 6 (fragrance) guihua blssms and delicate mandarin slices, symblizes an abundant and jyful life. The salty tea is a mix f smked beans, dried carrts, sesame seeds, range peel, and crushed tea leaves that 7 (hnr) the hard wrk f harvest and the earthy 8 (rich).” Xu says as she warmly welcmes guests in late April.
Finally, the plain tea, simple and pure, lingers with 9 fresh aftertaste that reminds peple f the essence f true friendship — like plain tea, friendship shuld be hnest and genuine, cherished deeply fr 10 it is, she explains.
现在完成进行时
现在完成时
示例
表示动作的重复
一般不表示重复性
Have yu been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？
Have yu met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗？
含有感情色彩
一般是平铺直叙
I have been waiting fr yu fr tw hurs. 我一直等了你两个小时。（表示不满）
I have waited fr yu fr tw hurs. 我等了你两个小时。（说明事实）
强调事情的过程
强调事情结果
Wh has been eating the ranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些）
Wh has eaten the ranges? 谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩）
时间状语类型
对应时态
示例标志词
经常性、习惯性动作
一般现在时
ften, usually, every day
过去某一具体时间
一般过去时
yesterday, last week, in 2020
将来某一时间
一般将来时
tmrrw, next mnth, in + 将来时间
过去某时正在进行
过去进行时
at 8 last night, when + 过去时
从过去持续到现在
现在完成时
since + 时间点，fr + 时间段，recently
过去的过去
过去完成时
by + 过去时间，befre + 过去时