高考英语二轮专题-七选五--逻辑关系（知识清单）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮专题-七选五--逻辑关系（知识清单）（教师版），共48页。学案主要包含了知能解读01，知能解读02，知能解读03，知能解读04，知能解读05，重难点突破01，重难点突破02，重难点突破03等内容，欢迎下载使用。

01七选五五年高考考情统计
◆代表有标题句 ●代表有半截句
02七选五五年高考考情解读
1.题型概述
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。其中有两项是多余干扰项。
2.选材特点
选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
3.命题特点
从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。全国卷偶尔出现半截句。
03七选五逻辑关系考点分类
04阅读理解七选五解题方略
1.通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。
注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句。因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。
2.详读段落，在短时间内找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。
文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据文章写作主题展开，对文章主题进行不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为解题做好铺垫。
3.定位选项，明确各备选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。
根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时要尤其注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意设空处上下段的写作内容，以及设空处上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选选项放入设空处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境，能否承接前后的写作线索，使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
4.通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点关注逻辑关系和关联结构。
在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理，各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
5.排除多余选项，确定排除理由，从而最终确定答案。
我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。要特别注意，除非有充分的理由否定之前的选择，否则不要仓促更改。只要前两步投入了精力，动了脑筋，第一印象往往可信度很高。
05七选五满分突破思维导图
01总分关系
1.设空特点：“总”指总体概括，“分”指的是内容的具体展开
2.技巧运用：识别文章结构，判断文章是“总分”，还是“分总”，还是“总分总”。
跟踪训练1 (2022新课标II卷第36题) 总分结构
Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
36 When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. 37(B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.) Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn’t wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect….
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin….
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空属于段首句。同时，兼顾后续两个段落发现与首段所在逻辑存在总分关系。
第二步：寻找关键信息。全文是总分结构，根据第一段中的“three simple techniques”及第三、四段第一句可知，第二段第一句是三个技巧中的第一个。由空后的内容可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写。D项“首先，学习不间断写作的技巧”概括了本段的主要内容，其中First f all又与上下文相衔接，可作为主题句。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是D。
跟踪训练2 (2018全国I卷第38题) 总分关系
…
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. 37(While all f them are useful), they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
38 . They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. …
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. …
A. While all f them are useful
B. Whatever yu’re lking fr
C. If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D. Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E. It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F. S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G. Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空属于段首句。同时，兼顾后续两个段落发现与37空所在逻辑存在总分关系。
第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于首，注意到本句提到三种花色需要作出决定。上一段结尾提到三种选择: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes。接下来分别一一介绍。且该段中作者提到小物品如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣，以及其他好处。由此可知，本段介绍的是small clr chices。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是D。
02 例证关系
1.设空特点：形象思维（例子、类比等）和抽象思维（观点）的关系。
2.技巧运用：弄清楚是先例子后观点还是先观点后例子。注意fr example/instance, such as, like等表示举例子的词语。
跟踪训练1 (2020·浙江·高考真题) 显性例证关系
Let's take a minute t think abut the water we use. The human bdy is 60% water and we need t drink lts f water t be healthy. When we are thirsty we just g t the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
36 Fr example, farmers, wh prduce the fd we eat, use water t make the plants grw. When we turn n a light r switch n a TV r a cmputer we use energy and we need water t prduce this energy.
A．We use water indirectly t.
B．Every system in ur bdy depends n water t functin.
C．It is t inspire peple t learn mre abut water-related prblems
D．If children walk many hurs a day t get water，they can't g t schl.
E．Did yu knw that arund 750 millin peple d nt have clean water t drink？
F．In 1993 the United Natins decided that March 22nd is the Wrld Day fr Water.
G．In this way，they knw hw it feels t walk a lng distance carrying heavy bttles.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空属于段首句。同时，空格后面出现fr example标志性词汇。
第二步：寻找关键信息。根据下文Fr example, farmers, wh prduce the fd we eat, use water t make the plants grw. When we turn n a light r switch n a TV r a cmputer we use energy and we need water t prduce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合上下文语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是A。
跟踪训练2（2023新课标I卷第39题）隐形例证关系
Persnal Frgiveness
Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯错) is human. 36 (D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.) Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths.” 37 Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。根据空前内容“In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。注意选项和文本同义转换：put the heading=list, persnal strengths= characteristics yu like abut yurself. 选项B “Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
03 并列关系
1.设空特点：所选选项与空前句子或空后句子是逻辑上的并列关系
2.技巧运用：寻找表示并列的连接词，如：and, first, secnd, in the first place, in the secnd place…等标志性词语。
跟踪训练1（2023全国乙卷第36题）
Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. 36 , but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
A. All plants are different
B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful
C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs
D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best
F. Changing the pt f yur plant frm time t time will als help
G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键词but。
第二步：寻找关键信息。空前句说室内植物有好处，空后句也在说室内植物的好处。根据句意可知选项B中的Nt nly与下文中的but构成nt nly ... but (als) ... “不仅……而且……”结构，表示并列关系。再结合B项句意“它们不仅看起来很漂亮”可知，B项能够衔接下文，符合语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
跟踪训练2（2022新课标I卷第37题）并列关系
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. 37 Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键词r。
第二步：寻找关键信息。根据前文“First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以设空处与空后一句之间是并列关系，设空处也应是一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释。D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗”符合上下文语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是D。
04 递进关系
1.设空特点：后面的句子是对前面所述内容的进一步解释说明，即行文中后句对前句是一种顺承的逻辑关系。2.技巧运用：设空处前后两句之间如果是层层递进关系，则设空处很可能是个表示递进的句子。
跟踪训练1（2023浙江1月卷第37题）并列关系
Use a travel agent. Cnsider turning yur travel plan ver t a travel agent and letting him duble-check all the details, make suggestins, and then handle the actual reservatins. A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. 37 Then yu wn’t have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals.
A. Train trips aren’t fr impatient types.
B. Yu’ll have views frm bth sides f the train.
C. The temperature n rail cars is ften hard t cntrl.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer mnths.
E. Yu might have t wait lnger than 24 hurs t catch the next ne.
F. Chances are the cst will be a lt less than the cst f ne bedrm.
G. He may als bk yu in a sleeping car that’s right next t the diner.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键词then。
第二步：寻找关键信息。根据空后句中的Then可知，空处句子和后句是递进关系。(2)而且根据空后句“你就不需要为了吃饭一天三次穿过数节移动的车厢了”可知，中间应该填代理人可以帮你做的事情并且和火车上吃饭有关。再结合G项句意“他也许可以帮你预定在餐车旁边的卧铺”可知，G项能够衔接上下文，比上文找到打折的票关系更进一步，符合语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。
01 转折关系
1.设空特点：所选选项与空前句子或空后句子是逻辑上的转折关系。
2.技巧运用：寻找表示转折的连接词，如：but, hwever, nevertheless, thugh, yet, therwise等标志性词语。
跟踪训练1(2025浙江1月卷第38题)
●Dn’t use ten wrds when ne will d.
Even the mst engaged and cmmitted audience will eventually get bred. Keeping yur message simple and clear will make it easier fr peple t understand. 38 Hwever, they’re hearing it fr the first time. Keep it simple.
A. Be patient.
B. Get the audience invlved.
C. The best messages are ften simple.
D. Speak directly t what matters t them.
E. Yu may be surprised by what yur listeners ffer.
F. It will als give them a handy recrd t refer back t.
G. As the speaker, yu already knw what yu’re ging t say.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键词Hwever。
第二步：寻找关键信息。根据小标题可知，本段围绕沟通内容要简洁展开。根据空白处后可知，这里是将讲话者和听众进行对比，讲话者已经知道内容，而听众是第一次听，所以要简单明了。G 项“作为讲话者，你已经知道自己要说什么”，与下文逻辑连贯。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。
跟踪训练2 (2024新课标I卷第39题)
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it’s nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. 39 Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.
A. I dn’t ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn’t want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn’t always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键词Hwever。
第二步：寻找关键信息。下文“Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I dn’t ften use this dictinary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是A。
跟踪训练2 (2024新课标I卷第40题)
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
_ 40 , but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键词but。
第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是F。
02 因果关系
1.设空特点：所选选项与空前句子或空后句子是逻辑上的因果关系
2.技巧运用：寻找表示因果关系的连接词，如：s, therefre, thus, hence, cnsequently, as a result…等标志性词语, 要弄清楚是前因后果还是前果后因。
跟踪训练1（2023全国甲卷第39题）
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大块) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. 40(G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.) The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键词As a result。
第二步：寻找关键信息。根据空处后提示词“As a result”可知，空处与下文形成因果关系。根据空后句“As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space.”可以找出导致这种结果的原因。再结合F项句意“许多新手作者没有留出足够的修改空间”可知，这里指出了新手作者的常见错误做法，是空后句的因。因此F项承上启下，符合语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是F。
跟踪训练2（2025全国一卷第38题）
Murphy gets up at a quarter t five and drives thirty minutes every day t get t wrk n time. 38 “I d s because I like t make cffee fr the students. I knw they need it in the mrning,” Murphy said. Being a mther and wife has helped her becme the wman she is. She believes she is here t serve.
A. The cafe clses at 9 pm every day.
B. She has tw children aged eight and fur.
C. Smetimes she arrives early t serve the students early.
D. After finishing an rder, she calls ut the name n the cup.
E. Nt nly des this cafe serve up drinks, it als serves up smiles.
F. Ging t the cafe starts her day ff gd and gets her ready fr class.
G. She has served here fr 17 years and can’t imagine wrking anywhere else.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到空格后面有个关键句I d s because…。
第二步：寻找关键信息。根据上文“Murphy gets up at a quarter t five and drives thirty minutes every day t get t wrk n time. (墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“I d s because I like t make cffee fr the students. (我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Smetimes she arrives early t serve the students early. (有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrives early”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“serve the students early”呼应“like t make cffee fr the students”，展现其敬业精神。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是C。
05 解释关系
1.设空特点：提出观点，然后对该观点解释说明。
2.技巧运用：设空处是提出的观点还是对观点的进一步解释说明。
跟踪训练1（2021全国乙卷第38题）
▪Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. 38 Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. Welcme t the club; we’ve all been there. I lve taking n challenges. I nce tk up a challenge t create a painting every day fr a mnth and pst the wrks nline.
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
C. Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
E. Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times.
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get ut f yur cmfrt zne. (走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是A。
跟踪训练2 (2021新课标I卷第40题)
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency (效率). Yu can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crwded. 40 When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly — s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。注意到后面关键信息When d these peple wrk?
第二步：寻找关键信息。空前一句提到“法国咖啡厅总是很拥挤”，设空处是对上文的进一步解释说明；空后一句通过设问“这些人什么时候工作呢”也暗示这里的顾客并不都是游客，也有很多当地人。，A项中custmer符合咖啡馆的情境设定，A项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客。”承上启下，符合题意。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是A。
01 阅读七选五满分口诀
（一）
词汇复现用且防；逻辑显隐前后句；
标题标点善利用；首段尾句多旨意。
时刻不忘系统观；见林见树思虑全。
（二）
上下看，找复现。标点符号，结构对照。
固定句式要记牢，速定答案错不了。
遇代词，向前看，人对人，物对物，单对单；复对复。
（三）
通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题；
再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑；
代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词；
段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。
（四）
先定框架再填缝，先看选项划关键，再读原文找题眼；段落首尾多主题，中间逻辑靠串联。
复现替换是信号，原词同义多复现，代词指代要敏感；数字量词看前后，逻辑连词定方向。
空处定位有规律，段首主题引下文，段中衔接靠过渡；段尾总结或承转，问号常考设问句。
避开陷阱保准确，新题跑题要排除，原词陷阱看整体；逻辑断层必错误，代入通读验连贯。
（五）
英语题型七选五，结构内容弄清楚。
总分说明题材多，逻辑粘性是突破。
位置分为首中尾，标题扣掉算白给。
标题首尾先扫过，结构要义先把握。
词汇复现找线索，同近反义要灵活。
名词代词前后顾，看好单复辨人物。
逻辑关系多又多，一时半会不好说。
并列转折和因果，递进解释也挺多。
语篇标题结构清，解题途径好确定。
七选五逻辑关系综合能力提升
真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维
01（2025北京卷）
What is adulthd? Scieties all ver the wrld view the cncept f an adult as self-supprting and self-directed, because it identifies a pint in the life cycle.
As Alice Black pints ut, tday’s parents’ fear f letting kids d mre husewrk has added t their inability t feel cmpetent and, thus, cnfident in themselves. Psychlgist Rbert Turner wrte abut this in his bk, The Life Cycle, mentining a stage when kids learn self-directin and mastery. 35
But Turner’s ther cycles are just as imprtant. 36 If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, r denied, yu feel incapable f accessing yur states f self, cntrlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts tgether the fabric f yur inner wrld.
Turner wisely said that “ding well” psychlgically is being able t rll with the flw f emtins, manage them, cmmunicate clearly and well with thers, and master varius skills. This requires an internal lcus (核心) f cntrl, which implies self-cntrl f yur thughts, feelings, and actins. 37 Yu’re self-directed and nt reliant n the wrld t tell yu wh yu are. And yu knw wh yu are within all this.
S, being an adult isn’t just hlding a jb. Being an adult is abut having a rted sense f self while being capable f identifying and managing yur emtins and actins. 38 We are a scial species, s this is imprtant.
While raising an adult is a parent’s jb, it’s als ur respnsibility as a sciety t ensure that we supprt schls that nurture (培养) emtinal and identity develpment. 39
A. It’s als ur jb t supprt adults wh need help repairing incmplete life cycles.
B. They talk abut smene’s inability t supprt themselves thrugh wrk.
C. It’s being able t shw understanding when cmmunicating with thers.
D. In ther wrds, yu’re playing the game f life — life isn’t playing yu.
E. They teach emtinal awareness and management as well as identity.
F. Yu feel like an 18-year ld, especially when playing 80s music.
G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense f insecurity.
【答案】35. G36. E37. D38. C39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。
35.由上文“As Alice Black pints ut, tday’s parents’ fear f letting kids d mre husewrk has added t their inability t feel cmpetent and, thus, cnfident in themselves. Psychlgist Rbert Turner wrte abut this in his bk, The Life Cycle, mentining a stage when kids learn self-directin and mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Rbert Turner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense f insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。
36.由上文“But Turner’s ther cycles are just as imprtant. (但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, r denied, yu feel incapable f accessing yur states f self, cntrlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts tgether the fabric f yur inner wrld. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“They teach emtinal awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
37.由上文“Turner wisely said that “ding well” psychlgically is being able t rll with the flw f emtins, manage them, cmmunicate clearly and well with thers, and master varius skills. This requires an internal lcus (核心) f cntrl, which implies self-cntrl f yur thughts, feelings, and actins. (Turner明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“In ther wrds, yu’re playing the game f life — life isn’t playing yu. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。
38.由上文“S, being an adult isn’t just hlding a jb. Being an adult is abut having a rted sense f self while being capable f identifying and managing yur emtins and actins. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“It’s being able t shw understanding when cmmunicating with thers. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。
39.由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s jb, it’s als ur respnsibility as a sciety t ensure that we supprt schls that nurture (培养) emtinal and identity develpment. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“It’s als ur jb t supprt adults wh need help repairing incmplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。
02（2024北京卷）
If yu want t develp maximum credibility (可信性), is it better t be a hedgehg (刺猬) r a fx? Accrding t Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehg knws ne thing very well, and the fx knws a lt f things.
Is there a clear advantage f ne style ver the ther? Hedgehg thinkers tend t answer yes. 35 And they are usually very credible in ding s. Accrding t Jim Hart, the “hedgehg cncept” is ne f the factrs that lead cmpanies t greatness. They fcus n ne thing and d it really well. They figure ut what they are gd at. 36 The hedgehg cncept makes perfect sense fr cmpanies.
37 Philip Tate has studied the track recrds f thse flks n the Sunday talk shws wh make predictins abut what will happen. He has fund that hedgehgs are nt nly wrng mre ften than fxes, but that they are less likely t recgnise r admit that they are wrng when events d nt match their predictins.
The advantage that. fxes have is that they are mre likely t seek ut new infrmatin frm a brader range f surces, and are cmfrtable with uncertainty and new infrmatin. 38 They try t include it in their viewpint rather than t exclude it frm their thinking. They als have a clearer estimatin f what they knw and dn’t knw.
S, which is better? The questin can be answered in a fxy hedgehg style. 39 The chice between being a hedgehg r a fx is a false trade-ff. The mst effective way t g thrugh life is t try t be that rare mixture knwn as fxy hedgehg.
A. In ther wrds, there are clear advantages fr each.
B. They are mre likely t remember peple’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage f clarity and cnfidence.
D. But there can be a dwnside t cncentratin n ne big thing.
E. Hwever, hedgehgs remain pen t thers’ reactins and inputs.
F. When smething is cntradictry t their view, they dn’t treat it as exceptinal.
G. They cme dwn squarely n ne side r the ther and fully supprt their psitin.
【答案】35. G 36. C 37. D 38. F 39. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有“刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式的两类人对于个人和企业建立信誉度的优劣势。
35.根据上文“Hedgehg thinkers tend t answer yes.(拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案，G项中They 指代上文中的Hedgehg，G项“他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场”说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确的立场，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
36.根据上文“They fcus n ne thing and d it really well. They figure ut what they are gd at. (他们专注于一件事并把它做得很好。他们知道自己擅长什么)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备优点，他们可以专注于一件事并知道自己擅长什么。C项“因此，他们的优势是（头脑）清楚和自信”进一步说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
37.根据下文“He has fund that hedgehgs are nt nly wrng mre ften than fxes, but that they are less likely t recgnise r admit that they are wrng when events d nt match their predictins. (他发现，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人不仅比拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情与他们的预测不相符时他们不太可能意识到，也不太可能承认自己错了)”可知，此处介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的缺点。D项“但是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面”引出下文，介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备缺点，符合语境。故选D。
38.根据上文“The advantage that fxes have is that they are mre likely t seek ut new infrmatin frm a brader range f surces, and are cmfrtable with uncertainty and new infrmatin. (“狐狸”型思维方式的人的优势在于，他们更有可能从更广泛的来源中寻找新信息，并且对不确定性和新信息感到舒适)”和下文“They try t include it in their viewpint rather than t exclude it frm their thinking. (他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不是将其排除在自己的思维之外)”可知，此处介绍拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人处理事情的方式。F项“当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
39.根据上文“The questin can be answered in a fxy hedgehg style. (这个问题可以用“像狐狸的刺猬”风格来回答)”和下文“The chice between being a hedgehg r a fx is a false trade-ff. (成为拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人还是拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人的选择是一种错误的权衡)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人和拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人各有优势。A项“换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考
03（25-26高三上·安徽·阶段练习）
Successful team cllabratin is essential fr achieving cmplex gals. It invlves mre than just wrking alngside thers; it requires intentinal strategies t use cllective strengths. Then hw can a team cllabrate effectively?
1
Every team member needs a shared understanding f the prject’s bjectives and their specific respnsibilities. This prevents misunderstandings and ensures accuntability. Ambiguity in rles ften leads t repeated effrts, verlked tasks, and frustratin. Clearly utlining expectatins frm the utset sets the stage fr prductive wrk.
Fster pen and respectful cmmunicatin.
Create an envirnment where team members feel safe t share ideas, ask questins, and vice cncerns withut fear f judgment. 2 Actively listening t understand different viewpints, rather than just waiting t speak, is crucial fr building trust and finding the best slutins.
Address cnflicts cnstructively.
3 New cnflicts as pprtunities t explre different perspectives and imprve utcmes. The gal shuld be t understand the rt cause and find a mutually acceptable reslutin. Fcusing n the issue at hand, nt persnal attacks, and seeking cmmn grund helps the team mve frward psitively.
Make the mst f diverse strengths.
Recgnize that each member brings unique skills, experiences, and perspectives t the table. 4 Assigning tasks based n individual strengths nt nly imprves efficiency but als increases engagement and satisfactin.
Establish regular check-ins and feedback lps.
Dn’t wait until the prject deadline t assess prgress. Schedule frequent, brief meetings t discuss updates, radblcks, and next steps. Cnstructive feedback, bth n the wrk and the prcess, shuld be encuraged. 5
A．Define clear gals and rles.
B．Encurage brainstrming sessins.
C．Effective cmmunicatin is the crnerstne f any strng team dynamic.
D．A team that cmmunicates prly will inevitably struggle with crdinatin.
E．Disagreements are unavidable in teamwrk, but they dn’t have t be destructive.
F．Intentinally discuss and map ut these differences t maximize the team’s ptential.
G．This allws the team t adapt quickly and ensure everyne remains aligned with the verall gal.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出团队有效协作对实现复杂目标至关重要，介绍了四条策略：明确目标与职责、促进开放尊重沟通、建设性处理冲突、善用成员多样优势，还提及定期沟通反馈。
1．根据后文“Every team member needs a shared understanding f the prject’s bjectives and their specific respnsibilities. This prevents misunderstandings and ensures accuntability. Ambiguity in rles ften leads t repeated effrts, verlked tasks, and frustratin. Clearly utlining expectatins frm the utset sets the stage fr prductive wrk.(每个团队成员都需要对项目的目标以及各自的具体职责达成共识。这可以避免误解，并确保责任明确。角色职责的模糊不清往往会导致重复工作、遗漏任务以及产生不满情绪。从一开始就清晰地明确期望，能够为高效的工作奠定基础)”可知，后文详细讨论了角色模糊会导致重复劳动、任务遗漏等问题，强调从开始就明确期望。选项A“明确设定目标和职责”作为小标题完美引入该部分。故选A。
2．根据上文“Create an envirnment where team members feel safe t share ideas, ask questins, and vice cncerns withut fear f judgment.(营造一种氛围，让团队成员能够放心地分享想法、提出问题和表达担忧，同时不必担心受到批评)”以及后文“Actively listening t understand different viewpints, rather than just waiting t speak, is crucial fr building trust and finding the best slutins.(积极倾听以理解不同的观点，而非仅仅等待发言，这对于建立信任以及找到最佳解决方案至关重要)”可知，本句是在强调沟通的作用。故C项“有效的沟通是任何强大团队协作体系的基础”最符合语境。故选C。
3．根据后文“New cnflicts as pprtunities t explre different perspectives and imprve utcmes. The gal shuld be t understand the rt cause and find a mutually acceptable reslutin. Fcusing n the issue at hand, nt persnal attacks, and seeking cmmn grund helps the team mve frward psitively.(新的冲突其实也是探索不同观点、改善结果的机会。我们的目标应当是找出根本原因，并找到一个双方都能接受的解决方案。专注于当前的问题，而非进行人身攻击，同时寻求共识，这有助于团队朝着积极的方向前进)”可知，本句直接引入冲突的正面处理方式，承认分歧的存在但强调其建设性，与后文的“机会”和“共同解决”一致。选项E“团队中分歧不可避免，但不一定是破坏性的”作为主题句，有效衔接标题“Address cnflicts cnstructively”(建设性处理冲突)。故选E。
4．根据前文“Recgnize that each member brings unique skills, experiences, and perspectives t the table.(要认识到每位成员都具备独特的技能、丰富的经验和独特的见解)”以及后文“Assigning tasks based n individual strengths nt nly imprves efficiency but als increases engagement and satisfactin.(根据个人优势分配任务不仅能提高效率，还能增强参与度和满意度)”可知，本句是前文的自然延伸，解释了如何将“差异”转化为行动，从而引出后文的“任务分配”。选项F的“differences”指代前文的“unique skills”，逻辑连贯。选项F“有意地探讨并规划这些差异，以最大限度地发挥团队的潜力。”符合语境。故选F。
5．根据前文“Cnstructive feedback, bth n the wrk and the prcess, shuld be encuraged.(应当鼓励对工作内容以及工作过程都给予建设性的反馈)”可知，本句解释定期反馈的好处，代词“This”指代前文的“feedback lps”(反馈循环)，并总结该策略的价值。选项G“这使得团队能快速调整，确保每个人与整体目标保持一致”作为段落结论句，强化了反馈的重要性。故选G。
04（25-26高三上·广东·开学考试）
Nt lng after new cllege students have chsen the right cllege, they are asked t declare an academic majr. Faced with such an imprtant decisin, what shuld a cllege student d? 1 Hwever, rest assured that yu can use the fllwing strategies t select the right majr and sustain yur mtivatin when the ging gets tugh.
Creating a career plan is ne f the ways that students can bst their chances f success in their chsen majrs. When making the plan, yu shuld reflect n yur beliefs abut wrk, yur interest in varius academic subjects and yur abilities. 2 Then, identify a specific career and utline the steps that yu will have t take that will help prepare yu fr that career.
It is als imprtant t d yur research abut the jb that yu are interested in pursuing, as well as any related jbs. Sme cllege students drp ut f their selected majrs because they have becme bred with the academic area they have chsen. 3 T avid these srts f utcmes, ask yurself which aspects f the jb yu culd see yurself enjying, as well as the parts f the jb that yu think yu might dislike. It will save yu a gd deal f time and energy by initially chsing a majr that is in line with yur interests and abilities.
4 It may cme as a surprise when yu are presented with difficult material during yur first term at cllege. Students wh were at the tp f their class may be particularly shcked when they receive their first lw grade n an exam. Yu shuld nt assume, hwever, that yu have made the wrng chice f academic majr simply because yu perfrmed prly n ne test. 5
With the right mindset and strategies, yu can turn yur majr int a fulfilling path tward yur future career.
A．It's easy t give in t fear, hesitatin, r wrry.
B．Even with thrugh preparatin, yu wuld still face challenges.
C．Actually, fr sme cllege students, this decisin is easy t make.
D．Use yur reflectins t guide yu as yu search fr desirable careers.
E．Hld n t the cnfidence that guided yu t select yur majr in the first place.
F．Or they may find themselves mre attracted t a different academic majr altgether.
G．Therefre, we shuld read relevant bks n ur chsen majr befre starting cllege.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．F 4．B 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要为大学生如何选择合适的专业并在面对困难时保持动力提供策略，包括制定职业规划、研究感兴趣的工作以及正确面对困难等。
1．根据上文“Faced with such an imprtant decisin, what shuld a cllege student d?(面对如此重要的决定，大学生应该怎么做？)” 以及 “Hwever, rest assured that yu can use the fllwing strategies t select the right majr and sustain yur mtivatin when the ging gets tugh.(然而，请放心，你可以使用以下策略来选择合适的专业，并在遇到困难时保持动力)” 可知，面对选专业的重要决定，学生容易有不好的情绪，与后文形成转折。A选项 “人们很容易陷入恐惧、犹豫或担忧之中” 符合语境，故选A。
2．根据上文 “When making the plan, yu shuld reflect n yur beliefs abut wrk, yur interest in varius academic subjects and yur abilities.(制定计划时，你应该反思自己对工作的信念、对各种学术科目的兴趣以及自己的能力)” 可知，此处应说明这些反思的作用，D选项 “在你寻找理想职业时，用你的反思来指导你” 符合语境，故选D。
3．根据上文 “Sme cllege students drp ut f their selected majrs because they have becme bred with the academic area they have chsen.(一些大学生退出他们所选的专业，因为他们对自己选择的学术领域感到厌烦)” 可知，此处应继续阐述学生在专业选择上出现的问题，F选项 “或者他们可能会发现自己完全被另一个不同的专业所吸引” 符合语境，故选F。
4．根据下文“It may cme as a surprise when yu are presented with difficult material during yur first term at cllege.(当你在大学第一学期遇到困难的学习内容时，可能会感到惊讶)” 可知，即使做好准备也会面临挑战，B选项 “即使有充分的准备，你仍然会面临挑战” 符合语境，引出后文关于大学学习中面临困难的内容，故选B。
5．根据上文“Yu shuld nt assume, hwever, that yu have made the wrng chice f academic majr simply because yu perfrmed prly n ne test.(然而，你不应该仅仅因为一次考试成绩不好就认为自己选错了专业)” 可知，此处应说明面对这种情况应有的态度，E选项 “坚持最初引导你选择专业的那份自信” 符合语境，要保持自信，故选E。
05（2025·广东·模拟预测）
Tm Brwn’s hands mve fast, tying lse shelaces (鞋带) as the mrning bell rings. Tm wrks at a small table utside Central High’s frnt dr. An ld bx sits next t him. 1 “Hurry up, kid—dn’t be late fr class,” he smiles, giving back a pair f shes t a first-year student, wh says a quick “thanks” and runs inside.
At 6:00 a.m., Tm is there, carrying the table frm the strage rm. 2 He’s always wearing a faded blue jacket with signs frm years f different jbs—fixing cars, putting up walls and rfs, and nw this. “These kids are in such a rush that they dn’t see their shelaces are brken until it’s t late,” he laughs, remembering hw he started 12 years ag. He saw a girl crying because her shelace brke befre a big P.E. test. 3
Lily Smith, a senir, cmes by twice a week. “My little sister’s shelaces always get brken, and Mr. Brwn fixes them in tw minutes,” she says, adjusting her bag. “He remembers everyne’s name. It’s like having a grandpa at schl.” Tm never asks fr mney, but students leave him candy, r drawings. 4 His wife died five years ag, and his grwn kids live in ther states. “Being here keeps me feeling yung,” he says, wiping a dirty she.
5 But just ask any student r teacher—Tm is ften the first persn they see when they walk in each day. “Quit? N way,” he says happily, waving t a grup f 10th graders. “These shes wn’t fix themselves.”
A．He is well-knwn in the schl.
B．Tm isn’t n the schl staff list.
C．He thinks that this is the best kind f pay.
D．Tm has frmed the habit f seeing students ff at the dr.
E．N matter whether it rains r shines, the 68-year-ld cmes.
F．He gt dwn n his knees and fixed it with a lace frm his wn she.
G．Inside it are extra laces, cleaning clths, and even little packs f tissues.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了68岁的汤姆·布朗每天在学校门口为学生免费修鞋，风雨无阻。12年前，他因帮助一个考试前鞋带断裂的女孩儿而开始这项善举。汤姆用行动传递着温暖与善意。
1．根据上文“An ld bx sits next t him.( 他旁边放着一个旧盒子。)”提到一个旧盒子在他旁边，G选项“Inside it are extra laces, cleaning clths, and even little packs f tissues.( 里面有额外的鞋带、清洁布，甚至小包的纸巾。)”是对盒子里物品的描述，符合逻辑。故选G项。
2．根据上文“At 6:00 a.m., Tm is there, carrying the table frm the strage rm.( 早上6点，汤姆到了那里，从储藏室搬出桌子。)”提到汤姆为工作做好准备。E选项“N matter whether it rains r shines, the 68-year-ld cmes.( 无论下雨还是晴天，这位 68 岁的老人都会来。)”进一步强调他来的决心和坚持，与前文衔接紧密。故选E项。
3．根据上文“He saw a girl crying because her shelace brke befre a big P.E. test.( 他看到一个女孩因为在一场大型体育考试前鞋带断了而哭泣。)”提到一个女孩因为在一场重要的体育考试前鞋带断了而哭泣。F 选项“He gt dwn n his knees and fixed it with a lace frm his wn she.”（他跪下来，用自己鞋子上的鞋带把它修好了）是他对女孩鞋带断了这件事的处理方式，符合语境。故选F项。
4．根据上文“Tm never asks fr mney, but students leave him candy, r drawings.( 汤姆从不要钱，但学生们给他糖果或画。)”提到汤姆从不要钱，学生们给他一些糖果或者画作为回报。C 选项“He thinks that this is the best kind f pay.( 他认为这是最好的报酬。)”是他对学生给予的这些东西的看法，逻辑合理。故选C项。
5．根据下文“But just ask any student r teacher—Tm is ften the first persn they see when they walk in each day.( 但只要问问任何一个学生或老师 —— 汤姆经常是他们每天走进学校时看到的第一个人。)”提到汤姆经常是他们每天走进学校时看到的第一个人。B 选项“Tm isn’t n the schl staff list.( 汤姆不在学校员工名单上。)”与后面形成转折关系，说明虽然他不是学校员工，但大家都能看到他。故选B项。
06（25-26高三上·广东湛江·阶段练习）
The Unexpected Key t Bsting Our Prductivity
Smetimes we may wnder if we were a machine, we’d never let things fall thrugh the cracks, and we wuldn’t frget things. 1 It gets in the way f ur prductivity because it makes us blind t the rts f ur actual prblems.
S what is underneath ur prductivity prblems? 2 Our prductivity depends n ur feelings, nt new tls. Understanding hw ur feelings affect us can pen up freedm t make prgress and finally imprve ur prductivity. S hw?
3 That means recgnizing and wrking with ur emtins. But usually n matter what the issue is, we easily ignre it and hpe that it ges away rather than t admit smething is wrng. What we frget is that ur emtins have great impacts n ur actins. The mst prductive peple need t have regular practices t maintain that awareness.
Once we are aware f the prblem, the next step is bserving. Thugh difficult, bserving withut judgment cunts mst. Fr example, when ur inbx (收件箱) is messy, we just see it with little judgment. 4 Avid feeling anxius, as it prevents us frm addressing the rt issue.
Finally, try t address ur emtins. It is the mst effective way t help us be prductive daily. A ne-tuch email strategy r checking the email twice a day may d a bit, but nne f these really slve the prblem cmpletely. Actually we are able t use ur wn desire that we can’t let peple dwn t help us get thrugh ur inbx. 5
A．ignre ur emtins.
B．Awareness is the first step.
C．Identify what causes the mess.
D．We are nt machines but emtinal beings.
E．But the idea f being a machine is actually a trap.
F．One day, we’ll find that we’ve finished handling all in it.
G．Smetimes, wrking like a machine is effective and useful.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出“把自己当机器能提升效率”是误区，效率问题根源在于忽视情绪，提出通过“察觉情绪、客观观察、处理情绪”三步，借助情绪助力日常效率提升。
1．根据上文“Smetimes we may wnder if we were a machine, we’d never let things fall thrugh the cracks, and we wuldn’t frget things.(有时我们会想，如果我们是机器的话，就不会让任何事情遗漏掉，也不会忘记任何事情)”以及后文“It gets in the way f ur prductivity because it makes us blind t the rts f ur actual prblems.(这会妨碍我们的工作效率，因为它使我们无法看清实际问题的根源)”可知，前文提出“若我们是机器，就不会遗漏、忘记事情”的想法，后文转折指出“这会阻碍效率，让我们忽视实际问题根源”。本句承接前文“机器”的假设，同时引出后文的负面效果，故E选项“但把自己当成机器的想法实际上是一个陷阱”符合语境，故选E。
2．根据上文“S what is underneath ur prductivity prblems?(那么，造成我们生产力低下的根本原因是什么呢？)”以及后文“Our prductivity depends n ur feelings, nt new tls. Understanding hw ur feelings affect us can pen up freedm t make prgress and finally imprve ur prductivity. S hw?(我们的工作效率取决于我们的感受，而非新的工具。了解我们的感受如何影响我们，能够让我们获得自由，从而推动进步并最终提高我们的工作效率。那么，这是怎么回事呢？)”可知，问题询问生产力问题的根源，后文强调情感而非工具的作用。故D选项“我们并非机器，而是充满情感的生命体”点明核心原因，符合语境，故选D。
3．根据后文“That means recgnizing and wrking with ur emtins. But usually n matter what the issue is, we easily ignre it and hpe that it ges away rather than t admit smething is wrng. What we frget is that ur emtins have great impacts n ur actins. The mst prductive peple need t have regular practices t maintain that awareness.(这意味着要正视并处理我们的情绪。但通常情况下，无论问题是什么，我们都会轻易地忽视它，希望它自行消失，而不是承认存在问题。我们所忽略的是，我们的情绪会对我们的行为产生重大影响。最高效的人需要有规律地进行练习来保持这种意识)”可知，后文提到“这意味着识别并处理情绪”“高效的人需要定期练习以保持这种意识”，“this”指代前文的“第一步”。本句作为段落主旨，引出“识别情绪” 的具体做法，符合“如何通过情绪提升效率”的行文逻辑。故B选项“意识是第一步”符合语境，故选B。
4．根据上文“Once we are aware f the prblem, the next step is bserving. Thugh difficult, bserving withut judgment cunts mst. Fr example, when ur inbx (收件箱) is messy, we just see it with little judgment.(一旦我们意识到问题所在，接下来的步骤就是观察。尽管这很困难，但不带评判地进行观察最为重要。例如，当我们的收件箱杂乱无章时，我们只是几乎不加评判地观察它)”以及后文“Avid feeling anxius, as it prevents us frm addressing the rt issue.(避免产生焦虑情绪，因为这种情绪会妨碍我们解决根本问题)”可知，前文举例“收件箱混乱时，不带评判地观察”，后文强调“避免焦虑，以免忽视根源”。本句承接“观察混乱”的动作，指向“解决根源”的下一步，与“不焦虑、抓根源”的建议呼应，故C选项“找出造成混乱的原因”符合语境，故选C。
5．根据上文“Finally, try t address ur emtins. It is the mst effective way t help us be prductive daily. A ne-tuch email strategy r checking the email twice a day may d a bit, but nne f these really slve the prblem cmpletely. Actually we are able t use ur wn desire that we can’t let peple dwn t help us get thrugh ur inbx.(最后，试着去处理我们的情绪。这是帮助我们每天保持高效工作的最有效方法。一键式邮件策略或每天查看两次邮件可能会有一点效果，但这些都不能完全解决问题。实际上，我们可以通过自己不想让他人失望的这种内在动力来帮助自己处理好收件箱里的邮件)”可知，前文提到“利用‘不想让别人失望’的意愿来处理收件箱”，本句是对这一方法效果的正面预期，承接前文 “解决情绪问题以提升效率” 的核心，故F选项“有一天，我们会发现我们已经处理完了其中的一切”符合语境，故选F。
07（25-26高三上·黑龙江·开学考试）
Fr decades, street art faces debates, mixed with illegal graffiti (涂鸦) despite its artistic advantages. 1 Tday street art, usually replaced with “public art”, is defined as art n uter surfaces dne with permissin by the cmmunity. 2
Street art is smetimes a frm f activism that stimulates the imaginatin. 3 Bringing these images f the art int the classrm and spaces with teens engages them and encurages relevant cnversatins. Cnversatin flws easily frm admiring images, visiting sites, r participating in the creatin f public art.
There is value in analyzing street art in yur lcal cmmunity t build cmmunity cnnectins. Befre sharing a piece, briefly research the artist and the name and lcatin f the wrk — r research tgether with teens. 4 This prmtes diversity in the arts, expses yung peple t varius prfessinal artists.
Street art remains a pwerful medium fr strytelling and scial change. As it cntinues t evlve, its cre missin is still t demcratize (使大众化) art and transfrm urban landscapes int canvases (画布) fr cllective expressin. 5
A．Street art challenges us t see the wrld differently.
B．These questins can be cpied with any piece f art.
C．This art frm has undergne a remarkable transfrmatin.
D．It is ften seen n walls f buildings and bridges in urban settings.
E．Many artists create bld pieces t draw attentin t ecnmic issues.
F．Yunger generatins travel t sites f utdr wrk t engage with the art.
G．Then try selecting artists f diverse backgrunds whse wrks highlight varius styles.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出，街头艺术曾因常与非法涂鸦相混淆而存在争议；如今，它大多被赋予“公共艺术”的定位并获得创作许可。此外，文章还提到，街头艺术不仅可作为行动主义的表达形式、助力社区情感联结，更是传递叙事、推动社会变革的重要媒介，其核心使命在于实现艺术的大众化。
1．根据上文“Fr decades, street art faces debates, mixed with illegal graffiti (涂鸦) despite its artistic advantages.(数十年来，街头艺术一直饱受争议，尽管它具有艺术价值，但其中也夹杂着非法涂鸦的行为)”以及后文“Tday street art, usually replaced with “public art”, is defined as art n uter surfaces dne with permissin by the cmmunity.(如今，通常被称为“公共艺术”的街头艺术，是指在得到社区许可的情况下，在建筑物外表面创作的各类艺术作品)”可知，前文提及“街头艺术数十年来面临争议，常与非法涂鸦混淆”，后文转折指出“如今街头艺术常被‘公共艺术’替代，定义为经社区许可的户外艺术”，体现街头艺术的“转变”。故C选项“这种艺术形式经历了显著的变化”符合语境，故选C。
2．根据上文“Tday street art, usually replaced with “public art”, is defined as art n uter surfaces dne with permissin by the cmmunity.(如今，通常被称为“公共艺术”的街头艺术，是指在得到社区许可的情况下，在建筑物外表面创作的各类艺术作品)”可知，前文定义“公共艺术是经许可的户外表面艺术”，本句补充说明公共艺术的常见载体，符合“户外艺术”的定义延伸，故D选项“它常常出现在城市环境中的建筑物和桥梁的墙壁上”符合语境，故选D。
3．根据上文“Street art is smetimes a frm f activism that stimulates the imaginatin.(街头艺术有时是一种激发想象力的行动主义形式。)”可知，前文提到“街头艺术有时是激发想象力的行动主义形式”，本句是对“行动主义形式” 的具体举例，说明街头艺术如何通过创作反映社会议题，支撑前文观点，故F选项“年轻一代会前往这些户外艺术作品的所在地，亲身感受并参与到艺术之中。”符合语境，故选F。
4．根据上文“There is value in analyzing street art in yur lcal cmmunity t build cmmunity cnnectins. Befre sharing a piece, briefly research the artist and the name and lcatin f the wrk — r research tgether with teens.(对所在社区的街头艺术进行分析具有重要的意义，有助于建立社区间的联系。在分享某幅作品之前，先简要了解一下艺术家以及该作品的名称和所在位置——或者可以与青少年一起进行研究)”以及后文“This prmtes diversity in the arts, expses yung peple t varius prfessinal artists.(这促进了艺术领域的多样性，让年轻人有机会接触到各类专业艺术家)”可知，前文建议“研究艺术家及作品信息，或与青少年一起研究”，后文提及“这能促进艺术多样性，让年轻人接触不同专业艺术家”，G选项承上启下，“背景多样”对应后文“多样性”，故G选项“然后尝试挑选来自不同背景的艺术家，他们的作品能展现出各种不同的风格”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据上文“Street art remains a pwerful medium fr strytelling and scial change. As it cntinues t evlve, its cre missin is still t demcratize (使大众化) art and transfrm urban landscapes int canvases (画布) fr cllective expressin.(街头艺术依然是讲述故事和推动社会变革的一种强有力的形式。随着其不断发展，其核心使命依然在于使艺术大众化，并将城市景观转变为集体表达的画布)”可知，前文总结“街头艺术是叙事和社会变革的有力媒介，核心使命是让艺术大众化、将城市景观变为集体表达的画布”，本句是对街头艺术价值的升华，呼应其“转变城市景观、促进集体表达”的作用，故A选项“街头艺术促使我们以不同的视角去看待这个世界”符合语境，故选A。
08（25-26高三上·北京丰台·开学考试）
Emtins interfere with ur decisin-making, r at least that is the thinking: emtinal peple seem t d irratinal things. A persn full f anger might cmmit a crime f passin. A man in lve may d things that cmprmise his well-being. Surely, this is evidence against emtin’s ratinality (理性). 1 Emtins are nt nly cmpatible (相容的) with ratinality, they can als help us make better chices.
Baba Shiv, prfessr f marketing at Stanfrd University, writes that “if emtins were irrelevant, we wuld have evlved very differently”. Since we have emtins, we must wnder why and hw they help us, instead f trying t eliminate them. 2
The truth is that emtins and reasn are nt in cnflict. Emtins are ratinal. They invlve judgements. Fr example, being angry invlves judging that a wrngding has ccurred. That is a ratinal activity. Emtins als cntribute t ur understanding. 3 But emtins als give us a reasn t act. Fear, fr example, gives us a reasn t escape a situatin. Anticipatin f regret prvides a reasn t avid excessive risk-taking.
Emtins can als help with decisin-making. Accrding t Shiv, the emtinal brain makes lightning-fast assessments based n past experiences, perceptins f the situatin, and ther factrs that supprt ur instincts. This enables efficient chices.
4 Can we d anything t prevent ur emtins frm negatively impacting ur decisin-making: Se believes s, suggesting ways t reduce the unwanted effects f emtins n ur decisin-making. Fr example, if sadness makes us make pr decisins with ur mney by being reckless (鲁莽的) abut spending, we might replace it with gratitude. This feeling might help us make a better, mre mderate decisin.
Humans have reasn and emtins. 5 It als prevents us frm using ur emtins t help us make better decisins. Frtunately, we can chse differently.
A．Nevertheless, any situatin can still g wrng.
B．But this line f thinking culdn’t be mre wrng.
C．Discunting ne fr the sake f the ther denies ur humanity.
D．One answer is that emtins aid in ratinality and decisin-making.
E．Fr example, emtins can change decisins by generating reactins in thers.
F．They mtivate us t inquire abut ur wn beliefs and help us t perceive the wrld differently.
G．It’s why we shuld warn peple abut emtins, tell them t calm dwn befre making decisins.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章先反驳“情绪干扰决策、缺乏理性”的观点，指出情绪与理性相容且助决策，还引学者观点说明其作用，提及应对情绪负面影响的方法，强调不应否定情绪或理性。
1．根据上文“Emtins interfere with ur decisin-making, r at least that is the thinking: emtinal peple seem t d irratinal things. A persn full f anger might cmmit a crime f passin. A man in lve may d things that cmprmise his well-being. Surely, this is evidence against emtin’s ratinality (理性). (情绪会干扰我们的决策过程，至少这是人们的一种看法：情绪化的人往往会做出一些不理智的行为。一个满心愤怒的人可能会因一时冲动而犯罪。一个陷入爱河的人可能会做出损害自身利益的事情。显然，这证明了情绪并非完全具有理性)”以及下文“Emtins are nt nly cmpatible (相容的) with ratinality, they can als help us make better chices. (情绪不仅与理性相兼容，而且还能帮助我们做出更明智的选择)”可知，上文提出“情绪干扰决策、缺乏理性”的传统观点，下文转折指出“情绪与理性相容，还能帮我们做更好选择”。本句与上文构成转折，指出这一思维方式的错误。故B选项“但这种思维方式完全错误”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
2．根据上文“Baba Shiv, prfessr f marketing at Stanfrd University, writes that “if emtins were irrelevant, we wuld have evlved very differently”. Since we have emtins, we must wnder why and hw they help us, instead f trying t eliminate them. (斯坦福大学市场营销学教授巴巴·希夫写道：“如果情感无关紧要，那么我们的进化过程将会大不相同。”既然我们拥有情感，我们就应该思考其存在的原因以及它如何帮助我们，而不能一味地试图消除它们)”可知，上文提出“既然人类有情绪，应探究其为何及如何帮助我们”，本句直接回应上文的“为何帮助”，为情绪的作用提供解释。故D选项“一种答案是，情绪有助于理性思考和决策”符合语境，故选D。
3．根据上文“The truth is that emtins and reasn are nt in cnflict. Emtins are ratinal. They invlve judgements. Fr example, being angry invlves judging that a wrngding has ccurred. That is a ratinal activity. Emtins als cntribute t ur understanding. (事实是，情感与理性并非相互冲突。情感是理性的。它们包含着判断。例如，生气就涉及对某种不当行为发生的判断。这是一种理性的行为。情感也有助于我们理解事物)”以及下文“But emtins als give us a reasn t act. Fear, fr example, gives us a reasn t escape a situatin. Anticipatin f regret prvides a reasn t avid excessive risk-taking. (但情绪也促使我们采取行动。例如，恐惧会让我们有理由逃离某种状况。对后悔的预期则会促使我们避免过度冒险)”可知，上文强调“情绪有助于理解”，下文以“但情绪也给我们行动的理由”转折，说明情绪的另一作用。本句承接“有助于理解”，具体阐述情绪对认知理解的作用，故F选项“它们促使我们探究自己的信念，并帮助我们以不同的方式看待世界”直接举例论证情绪对认知的积极作用，与上文形成例证关系，符合语境，故选F。
4．根据下文“Can we d anything t prevent ur emtins frm negatively impacting ur decisin-making: Se believes s, suggesting ways t reduce the unwanted effects f emtins n ur decisin-making. Fr example, if sadness makes us make pr decisins with ur mney by being reckless (鲁莽的) abut spending, we might replace it with gratitude. This feeling might help us make a better, mre mderate decisin. (我们能否采取措施来避免情绪对我们的决策产生负面影响呢？塞奥认为可以，他还提出了减少情绪对决策产生不良影响的方法。例如，如果悲伤让我们在花钱方面做出错误的决定，是因为我们在消费时过于冲动，那么我们或许可以用感恩来取代这种情绪。这种感觉可能会帮助我们做出更明智、更适度的决策)”可知，上文论述“情绪能帮助决策”，下文转而提问“如何防止情绪对决策产生负面影响”，体现从“情绪的积极作用”到 “应对情绪消极影响”的过渡。本句引出情绪可能带来的问题，为下文的应对方法做铺垫，故A选项“不过，任何情况仍有可能出错”承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
5．根据上文“Humans have reasn and emtins. (人类既有理性，也有情感)”以及下文“It als prevents us frm using ur emtins t help us make better decisins. Frtunately, we can chse differently. (这还使得我们无法凭借自身的情感来帮助自己做出更明智的决定。幸运的是，我们能够做出不同的选择)”可知，上文指出“人类既有理性也有情绪”，下文“也阻止我们利用情绪帮我们做更好决策” 中的“也”提示上文应提及一种否定情绪或理性的行为。故C选项“因为为了一个而舍弃另一个，就等于否定了我们的人性”直接呼应上下文，符合语境，故选C。
09（25-26高三上·内蒙古·开学考试）
When a persn is authentic, it means that they act in ways that genuinely shw hw they feel. They d this rather than putting n different faces arund different peple, r tailring their persnality based n cntext. 1 T be authentic, yu need t accept yurself fr wh yu are, and treat thers with respect. Authentic peple display a cnsistent set f values, and dn’t change their behaviur frm ne cnversatin t the next.
Accept yurself fr wh yu are. Accepting yurself ften requires a mental attitude adjustment. Try t be slwer t criticize yurself r see yurself as inferir t (次于) thers. Fcus n accepting and appreciating wh yu are as a unique individual. 2
Put time int persnal grwth. There is a great deal f authenticity t be fund in grwing yurself and pursuing interests that fulfill yu as a persn. 3 In cntrast, inauthentic peple ften neglect the things that interest them in favr f pursuing whatever they believe t be ppular r scially required f them.
4 Authentic peple are in tuch with their mral cmpass and their persnal set f beliefs. This includes religius beliefs, mral beliefs, and beliefs f any ther kind. These beliefs shuld be evident in yur daily behaviurs. Many peple unthinkingly adpt a partner’s, parent’s r friend’s beliefs withut figuring ut if the beliefs are right fr them.
Express yur thughts and feelings. 5 Authentic peple are cmfrtable speaking their mind and cmmunicating when they have a prblem r are appreciative f smething. If yu feel prhibited t speak yur mind, r realize that yu frequently nly say what yu think thse arund yu expect t hear, yu’re likely behaving inauthentically.
A．Ask peple fr help when yu need it.
B．Act n yur persnal beliefs and values.
C．Talk abut yur pinin when it matters t yu.
D．This can be dne thrugh classes, vlunteering r hbbies.
E．This will lead t authentic behaviurs in line with yur persnality.
F．If yu dn’t have a fear f rejectin, it will be easier t maintain a relatinship.
G．Persnal authenticity is the daily expressin f yur cre beliefs and persnality.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了什么是个人真实性以及如何做到真实，包括接受自我、投入个人成长、依据个人信念和价值观行事以及表达自己的想法和感受等方面。
1．上文“When a persn is authentic, it means that they act in ways that genuinely shw hw they feel. They d this rather than putting n different faces arund different peple, r tailring their persnality based n cntext. (当一个人很真实，这意味着他们的行为能真实地反映内心感受。他们不会在不同的人面前换上不同的面孔，或是根据情境调整自己的个性)”解释了什么是真实，G选项“Persnal authenticity is the daily expressin f yur cre beliefs and persnality.(个人真实性是你核心信念和个性的日常表达)”进一步阐述了个人真实性的含义，是对上文的进一步说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
2．上文“Accepting yurself ften requires a mental attitude adjustment. Try t be slwer t criticize yurself r see yurself as inferir t (次于) thers. Fcus n accepting and appreciating wh yu are as a unique individual.(接受自己通常需要调整心态。尽量减少对自己的批评，或者认为自己不如别人。专注于接受和欣赏你作为一个独特个体的身份)”建议要接受自己，调整心态，减少对自己的批评，欣赏自己作为独特个体的身份，E选项“This will lead t authentic behaviurs in line with yur persnality.(这将导致符合你个性的真实行为)”承接上文，说明接受自己、调整心态后带来的结果，即会有符合自己个性的真实行为，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
3．上文“There is a great deal f authenticity t be fund in grwing yurself and pursuing interests that fulfill yu as a persn.(在自我成长和追求让你成为一个完整的人的兴趣中，你会发现很多真实性)”建议要投入个人成长，追求能让自己成为一个完整的人的兴趣，D选项“This can be dne thrugh classes, vlunteering r hbbies.(这可以通过上课、做志愿者或培养爱好来实现)”承接上文，说明实现自我成长和追求兴趣的具体途径，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
4．下文“Authentic peple are in tuch with their mral cmpass and their persnal set f beliefs. This includes religius beliefs, mral beliefs, and beliefs f any ther kind. These beliefs shuld be evident in yur daily behaviurs.(真实的人与他们的道德指南针和个人信仰体系保持联系。这包括宗教信仰、道德信仰和任何其他类型的信仰。这些信念应该体现在你的日常行为中)”建议要依据个人信念和价值观行事，B选项“Act n yur persnal beliefs and values.(依据你的个人信念和价值观行事)”概括本段内容，是段首主题句。故选B项。
5．上文“Express yur thughts and feelings.(表达你的想法和感受)”建议要表达自己的想法和感受，C选项“Talk abut yur pinin when it matters t yu.(当事情对你很重要时，谈谈你的看法)”承接上文，进一步说明在什么情况下要表达自己的看法，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
10（25-26高三上·云南·阶段练习）
Hw t Tell If Yur Phne Is Tapped
Have yu ever wrried that smene might be listening t yur phne calls r mnitring yur phne activity? If s, yu’re nt alne. With the develpment f technlgy, phne tapping is n lnger just a mvie plt. 1 . Here’s hw t tell if yur phne is tapped and what t d abut it.
Hw t Knw If Yur Phne Is Tapped
If yu suspect yur phne is being mnitred, there are several signs t watch ut fr. Let’s start by learning hw t recgnize the warning signs f a tapped phne.
First, yur mbile data usage might rise unexpectedly. Tapping sftware ften sends recrdings and lgs t the persn spying n yu, which uses up a lt f data. 2 .
Secnd, yu might start seeing an unusual number f pp-ups and ads, even when yu’re nt brwsing the web. 8 . S dn’t ignre them if they appear suddenly.
Third, check yur phne fr apps yu dn’t remember installing. Many tracking apps use inncent-sunding names t avid being nticed.
What t D If Yur Phne Is Tapped
If yu ntice any f the abve signs, dn’t panic. 4 .
One effective step is t reset yur phne t its factry settings. This will remve mst spyware installed by hackers r stalkers.
Anther imprtant mve is t cntact the plice. If yu have clear evidence f tapping, the plice can use special equipment t check yur phne. 5 . They can als guide yu n further actins t prtect yur privacy.
A．It’s imprtant t check yur data usage regularly
B．Pp-ups and ads are the mst cmmn sign f a tapped phne
C．All unusual phne activity must be caused by tapping sftware
D．Knwing hw t spt the signs and take actin can prtect yur privacy
E．Furthermre, they’ll need slid evidence t take yur cncerns seriusly
F．These ads are mre than just annying — they might be a sign f truble
G．Nw that yu knw hw t spt a tapped phne, let’s lk at what yu can d next
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．G 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何判断手机是否被监听，列出数据用量异常、弹窗广告增多、有陌生应用等迹象，还给出恢复出厂设置、联系警方等应对措施，以保护隐私。
1．由上文“With the develpment f technlgy, phne tapping is n lnger just a mvie plt. (随着科技的发展，电话窃听不再仅仅是电影情节)”可知，电话窃听在现实中存在，下文“Here’s hw t tell if yur phne is tapped and what t d abut it. (以下是如何判断你的电话是否被窃听以及该怎么做)”说明要介绍应对电话窃听的方法，D选项“Knwing hw t spt the signs and take actin can prtect yur privacy (知道如何发现迹象并采取行动可以保护你的隐私)”承上启下，既承接上文电话窃听存在的话题，又引出下文介绍判断和应对方法的内容，符合语境。故选D。
2．由上文“First, yur mbile data usage might rise unexpectedly. Tapping sftware ften sends recrdings and lgs t the persn spying n yu, which uses up a lt f data. (首先，你的移动数据使用量可能会意外上升。窃听软件经常将录音和日志发送给监视你的人，这会消耗大量数据)”可知，本段主要围绕手机数据使用量上升这一可能表明电话被窃听的迹象展开，A选项“It’s imprtant t check yur data usage regularly (定期检查你的数据使用量很重要)”与本段话题紧密相关，强调了针对这一迹象应采取的行动，符合语境。故选A。
3．由上文“Secnd, yu might start seeing an unusual number f pp-ups and ads, even when yu’re nt brwsing the web. (其次，即使你没有在浏览网页，你也可能会开始看到大量不寻常的弹出窗口和广告)”可知，本段在介绍电话被窃听的另一个迹象，即出现大量不寻常的弹出窗口和广告，F选项“These ads are mre than just annying — they might be a sign f truble (这些广告不仅仅是烦人——它们可能是麻烦的迹象)”进一步说明了这些广告的性质，强调其可能是电话被窃听的信号，与上文话题紧密相连，符合语境。故选F。
4．由上文“If yu ntice any f the abve signs, dn’t panic. (如果你注意到上述任何迹象，不要惊慌)”可知，上文说发现迹象不要惊慌，下文“One effective step is t reset yur phne t its factry settings. (一个有效的步骤是将手机恢复到出厂设置)”以及“Anther imprtant mve is t cntact the plice. (另一个重要的举措是联系警方)”介绍了发现迹象后可以采取的行动，G选项“Nw that yu knw hw t spt a tapped phne, let’s lk at what yu can d next (既然你知道如何发现被窃听的电话，让我们看看接下来你能做什么)”承上启下，由发现迹象过渡到介绍应对措施，符合语境。故选G。
5．由上文“Anther imprtant mve is t cntact the plice. If yu have clear evidence f tapping, the plice can use special equipment t check yur phne. (另一个重要的举措是联系警方。如果你有明确的窃听证据，警方可以使用特殊设备检查你的手机)”可知，本段在介绍联系警方这一应对措施，E选项“Furthermre, they’ll need slid evidence t take yur cncerns seriusly (此外，他们需要确凿的证据来认真对待你的担忧)”进一步说明了联系警方时需要注意的事项，即要有确凿证据，与上文话题紧密相关，符合语境。故选E。
11（25-26高三上·湖南怀化·开学考试）
Each year, the number f accidental drwnings rises sharply in summer. We are dedicated t reducing drwnings and raising awareness abut the preventable issue. Here are five layers f prtectin t prevent drwnings. 1
Fur-sided fences, self-clsing gates, safety alarms and pl cvers are the best t prtect unrestricted access f children and even f adults int a bdy f water, whether it be a pl r a pnd. Mdern wearable technlgy further enhances safety. If a persn ges underwater with it, there’s a device that can be sunded ff.
Supervise (监督) swimmers and water activities
The secnd layer is t appint a supervisr r a water watcher whenever children are in, near, r arund the water, even when there’s a lifeguard in place. 2 . S, that’s nt being n a cell phne, nt being engaged in cnversatin, nt ding husehld chres while kids are in the water, because drwning is fast and silent.
Learn hw t swim
Anther key t preventing drwnings is t learn hw t swim—plain and simple. Chse brightly clred swimsuits t be easily sptted. Everyne is suppsed t learn t swim. It’s abut building water-smart skills: flating n yur back, treading water, making it t the edge, and shuting fr help if yu need t. 3 .
Use life jackets
In additin, we urge the use f life jackets that are sized apprpriately fr use in, near r arund bdies f water and while bating. 4 . Adults need t teach yung children abut hw life jackets wrk and why it’s imprtant t wear ne and what can happen if ne isn’t wrn.
Prepare fr emergencies
5 . Knw hw t recgnize smene wh’s in truble and then what t d in that case, call fr help and reach r thrw smething that flats t them.
A．Prmte accessibility
B．Use barriers and alarms
C．Such basic cmpetence can save lives
D．We advcate fully fcused supervisin
E．It keeps yu abve the surface and helps yu flat
F．If yu’re nt trained t rescue, dn’t ffer t supervise smene
G．We suggest learning t perfrm first aid and keeping rescue equipment in hand
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏季意外溺水事件频发，旨在减少溺水事故并提高人们对这一可预防问题的认识，进而提出了预防溺水的五层保护措施。
1．下文“Fur-sided fences, self-clsing gates, safety alarms and pl cvers are the best t prtect unrestricted access f children and even f adults int a bdy f water, whether it be a pl r a pnd. (四面栅栏、自动关闭的大门、安全警报器和泳池盖是防止儿童甚至成人无限制进入水域（无论是泳池还是池塘）的最佳选择)”提到了栅栏、大门、警报器等防护设施，这些都属于屏障和警报装置，B选项“使用屏障和警报器”能够概括该段内容，适合作为本段的主旨句。故选B。
2．上文“The secnd layer is t appint a supervisr r a water watcher whenever children are in, near, r arund the water, even when there’s a lifeguard in place. (第二层保护是，每当有孩子在水中、水边或周围时，即使有救生员在场，也要指定一名监督员或水上观察员)”强调了监督的重要性，下文“S, that’s nt being n a cell phne, nt being engaged in cnversatin, nt ding husehld chres while kids are in the water, because drwning is fast and silent. (所以，当孩子们在水里时，不要玩手机，不要参与交谈，不要做家务，因为溺水发生得又快又无声)”则具体说明监督时不能做的事情，突出监督需要专注，D选项“我们倡导全神贯注的监督”承接上文，引出下文对专注监督的具体要求，符合语境。故选D。
3．上文“It’s abut building water-smart skills: flating n yur back, treading water, making it t the edge, and shuting fr help if yu need t. (这是关于培养水上智慧技能：仰漂、踩水、游到岸边，以及在需要时呼救)”介绍了一些基本的水上技能，空处应说明这些技能的作用，C选项“这种基本能力可以拯救生命”符合语境，其中“Such basic cmpetence”指代上文提到的那些水上技能。故选C。
4．上文“In additin, we urge the use f life jackets that are sized apprpriately fr use in, near r arund bdies f water and while bating. (此外，我们强烈建议使用尺寸合适的救生衣，用于水中、水边或水域周围以及划船时)”提到了救生衣，空处应解释救生衣的作用，E选项“它能让你浮在水面上，帮助你漂浮”说明了救生衣的功能，符合语境。故选E。
5．本段主旨是“Prepare fr emergencies (为紧急情况做准备)”，下文“Knw hw t recgnize smene wh’s in truble and then what t d in that case, call fr help and reach r thrw smething that flats t them. (知道如何识别遇到麻烦的人，然后在这种情况下该怎么做，呼救并伸手或扔一些漂浮的东西给他们)”讲述了在紧急情况下的应对方法，G选项“我们建议学习急救并准备好救援设备”符合本段主题，是为紧急情况做准备的具体体现，引出下文的应对措施。故选G。
12（25-26高三上·广东·开学考试）
Research presented suggests that peple wh eat slwly are less likely than speed-eaters t becme verweight r t develp metablic syndrme (代谢综合征), which invlves a variety f cnditins assciated with strke, heart disease and diabetes. 1
In 2008, Japanese researchers, led by Hirshima University cardilgist Dr Takayuki Yamaji, hired ver 1,000 healthy Japanese adults. 2 At the same time, the researchers tracked these adults’ health fr the next five years.
Eighty-fur peple were diagnsed with metablic syndrme during thse five years, with a clear cnnectin between eating speed and develpment f the disease. The incidence rate was 11.6% amng fast eaters, 6.5% amng nrmal eaters and just 2.3% amng slw eaters. 3 Mrever, they had mre chance t suffer frm higher bld sugar.
4 In reality, a lt f research has shwn that eating fast is assciated with weight gain and ther health issues. “Yu prbably d eat mre because yu are eating s quickly. Yu really dn’t have any idea f what yu’ve eaten,” says American Heart Assciatin spkespersn Dr Nieca Gldberg. “When yu eat slwly, yu are much mre aware f yur eating. Yu are chewing yur fd prperly and yu’re als slwing dwn digestin.”
Gldberg says that it shuld take at least 30 minutes t eat a meal. 5 Gldberg suggests eating with a friend, cutting yur fd int smaller pieces, chewing mre, taking deep breaths and setting yur frk dwn between bites.
A．Ding s als helps yu feel full.
B．Thse results aren’t all that surprising.
C．Eat in a situatin where it’s beneficial t eating.
D．The speedy eaters were als mre likely t weigh mre.
E．This shws that when it cmes t eating, slw and steady wins the race.
F．S, if yu tend t eat fast, yu’ll likely need t train yurself t slw dwn.
G．They asked the adults t characterize their eating speed — slw, nrmal r fast.
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．D 4．B 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究表明慢食更健康，快食易导致超重和代谢综合征等问题，并给出慢食建议。
1．根据上文“Research presented suggests that peple wh eat slwly are less likely than speed-eaters t becme verweight r t develp metablic syndrme (代谢综合征), which invlves a variety f cnditins assciated with strke, heart disease and diabetes.(相关研究显示，进食缓慢的人比进食速度快的人更不容易发胖，也不容易患上代谢综合征。代谢综合征是一种综合病症，包括多种与中风、心脏病和糖尿病相关的病症)”可知，研究表明吃得慢的人比吃得快的人更不容易超重或患代谢综合征，空处应总结这一研究结论，E项“这表明在饮食方面，慢而稳者胜”承接上文研究结果，概括了“吃得慢更健康”的核心观点，符合语境。故选E。
2．根据上文“In 2008, Japanese researchers, led by Hirshima University cardilgist Dr Takayuki Yamaji, hired ver 1,000 healthy Japanese adults.(2008年，由广岛大学心脏病专家Takayuki Yamaji博士领导的日本研究人员招募了超过1000名健康的日本成年人)”以及下文“At the same time, the researchers tracked these adults’ health fr the next five years.(与此同时，研究人员对这些成年人的健康状况进行了为期五年的跟踪调查)”可知，上文提到2008年日本研究人员招募了1000多名健康成年人，下文说明研究人员对这些人的健康进行了五年追踪，空处应补充研究过程中对这些成年人的具体操作，G项“他们要求这些成人描述自己的饮食速度——慢、正常或快”符合研究逻辑，既呼应了“招募受试者”的前提，又为后续“追踪健康与进食速度的关系”铺垫，衔接自然。故选G。
3．根据上文“Eighty-fur peple were diagnsed with metablic syndrme during thse five years, with a clear cnnectin between eating speed and develpment f the disease. The incidence rate was 11.6% amng fast eaters, 6.5% amng nrmal eaters and just 2.3% amng slw eaters.(在这五年期间，有84人被诊断出患有代谢综合征，饮食速度与该疾病的发展之间存在明显的关联。快速进食者患病率高达11.6%，正常进食者为6.5%，而慢食者仅为2.3%)”以及下文“Mrever, they had mre chance t suffer frm higher bld sugar.(此外，他们更有可能出现血糖升高的情况)”可知，上文指出五年间84人被诊断出代谢综合征，且进食速度与患病概率相关，空处应进一步说明快食者的其他健康问题。D项“快食者也更有可能体重更重”与上文的患病概率数据形成递进，补充了快食的另一个负面影响，且与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选D。
4．根据下文“In reality, a lt f research has shwn that eating fast is assciated with weight gain and ther health issues. “Yu prbably d eat mre because yu are eating s quickly. Yu really dn’t have any idea f what yu’ve eaten,” says American Heart Assciatin spkespersn Dr Nieca Gldberg. “When yu eat slwly, yu are much mre aware f yur eating. Yu are chewing yur fd prperly and yu’re als slwing dwn digestin.”(实际上，大量研究已经表明，进食过快与体重增加以及其他健康问题有关。美国心脏协会发言人Nieca Gldberg博士表示：“你可能会吃得更多，因为你是这么快地进食的。你根本不知道自己吃了什么。”“当你进食缓慢时，你会更加清楚自己的饮食情况。你会充分咀嚼食物，而且消化过程也会随之减缓。”)”可知，空处为总起句，B项中Thse results指代上文的各项研究结果，B项“以上这些结果并不完全那么令人惊讶”起到过渡作用，既认可了上文日本研究结果的合理性，又引出下文，使上下文逻辑连贯。故选B。
5．根据上文“Gldberg says that it shuld take at least 30 minutes t eat a meal.(Gldberg表示，一顿饭至少应该花30分钟)”及下文“Gldberg suggests eating with a friend, cutting yur fd int smaller pieces, chewing mre, taking deep breaths and setting yur frk dwn between bites.(Gldberg建议与朋友一起用餐，将食物切成小块，多咀嚼，深呼吸，并在每吃一口后将叉子放下)”可知，上文提到Gldberg认为一顿饭至少需要30分钟，下文给出了放慢进食速度的具体建议，空处应承上启下，提出针对快食者的建议。F项“所以，如果你倾向于吃得快，你可能需要训练自己放慢速度”既呼应了上文“需要30分钟吃饭”的观点，又为下文的具体建议做了铺垫，符合语境。故选F。
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