北京市第五十中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份北京市第五十中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4，共20页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分为试题、答题卡两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生须知
1．本试卷分为试题、答题卡两部分。满分 100 分。考试时间 90 分钟。
2．认真填写所在班级、姓名、学号，并将条形码贴在指定位置。
3．请用 2B 铅笔填涂机读卡，用黑色签字笔在答题卡上按要求作答。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 完形填空(每小题 1.5 分，共 10 小题，共计 15 分。)
阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
A mther and her fur yung children were asleep when a fire erupted in the hme.
Ramn Pasbrg was ___1___ hme when he smelled smke and saw flames (火焰) cming frm a windw. Pasbrg decided t ___2___ the driveway, where he saw a yung girl and tw bys leaving the huse. They tld Pasbrg that their mther and 4-year-ld little brther were still inside — and withut ___3___ he entered the huse. Pasbrg culd nt see anything inside because f heavy smkes, s he crawled (爬行) n his hands and knees n the flr several feet int the kitchen befre he fund the small child. He immediately ___4___ the by arund the waist, picked him up and carried him, utside.
With a temperature belw zer, Pasbrg quickly put all fur children in is truck t keep them ___5___ befre entering the burning hme a secnd time, this time crawling thrugh the kitchen ___6___ int the huse in search f the children's missing mther. Mments later, Pasbrg fund the wman lying n the flr, badly burned and struggling t breathe. After dragging her utside, he nticed that she was ___7___ and n lnger breathing, s he began perfrming lifesaving measures until she suddenly tk a deep breath. Pasbrg then drve the family t the end f the driveway near the highway and awaited the ___8___ f emergency first respnders.
The family were tuched by the ___9___ and selflessness Pasbrg displayed. The her's willingness t ___10___his wn life t rescue this family was the difference between life and death fr this yung mther and her child.
1. A. stayingB. mvingC. walkingD. driving
2. A. pull intB. run intC. break intD. lk int
3. A. questinB. hesitatinC. permissinD. expectatin
4. A. tuchedB. surrundedC. grabbedD. shk
5. A. warmB. calmC. cleanD. awake
6. A. lwerB. clserC. higherD. deeper
7 A. discuragedB. unrespnsiveC. impatientD. unpleasant
8. A. entryB. returnC. arrivalD. guide
9. A. lyaltyB. curageC. genersityD. humbleness
10. A. riskB. sustainC. adjustD. save
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了帕斯博格在回家的路上遇到火灾，毫不犹豫地进入火海并成功救出一家人的事迹。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉蒙·帕斯博格开车回家时闻到了烟味，看到一家房子窗外有火焰。A. staying停留；B. mving移动；C. walking散步；D. driving驾驶。根据第三段的“Pasbrg then drve the family t the end f the driveway.（帕斯伯格随后开车将一家人送到了车道的尽头。）”可知，帕斯伯格是在驾车回家的路上遇到了这起火灾。故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：帕斯博格决定把车驶入一旁的私家车道停下，在那里他看到一个小女孩和两个男孩离开了房子。A. pull int停车；B. run int遇见；C. break int强行进入； D. lk int调查。 根据后文的“he entered the huse（他进了屋）”可知，帕斯伯格将车停好准备接下来的救人。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉帕斯伯格，他们的母亲和 4 岁的弟弟还在里面，然后他毫不犹豫地进入了屋内。A. questin问题；B. hesitatin犹豫不决；C. permissin允许；D. expectatin期望。 根据后文的“Pasbrg culd nt see anything inside because f heavy smkes.（帕斯博格因为浓烟而看不到里面的任何东西。）”可知，情况紧急，在知道屋内有人被困后他第一时间进入了屋内救人，withut hesitatin：毫不犹豫。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他立即搂住少年的腰，将他抱起来，往外走。A. tuched接触； B. surrunded 包围；C. grabbed抓住；D. shk摇摆。 发现男孩后他要救孩子出去，grab sb. arund the waist：抓住某人的腰部。故选C项。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：温度低于零下，帕斯博格迅速将四个孩子全部送进卡车取暖，然后第二次进入着火的家，这次他是从厨房爬到屋子更深处，寻找孩子们失踪的母亲。A. warm温暖的；B. calm平静的；C. clean干净的；D. awake清醒的。 根据“With a temperature belw zer（温度低于零下）”可知，户外很冷，帕斯博格将四个孩子送进卡车取暖。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：温度低于零下，帕斯博格迅速将四个孩子全部送进卡车取暖，然后第二次进入着火的家，这次他是从厨房爬到屋子更深处，寻找孩子们失踪的母亲。A. lwer更低地； B. clser更近地； C. higher更高地；D. deeper更深地。 根据上一题的分析可知，帕斯博格第一轮救人没有发现孩子们的母亲，因此帕斯博格第二轮救人就要更加深入屋内。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：将她拖到外面后，他发现她已经没有反应，没有呼吸了，于是他开始采取救生措施，直到她突然深吸了一口气。A. discuraged泄气的；B. unrespnsive无反应的；C. impatient 没有耐心的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。 根据“n lnger breathing（不再呼吸）”可知，这位母亲暂时没有了反应。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕斯博格随后开车将一家人送到靠近高速公路的车道尽头，在那里等待急救人员的到来。A. entry进入；B. return返回；C. arrival到达；D. guide导游。 根据“ emergency first respnders（急救人员）”可知，帕斯博格救出一家人后开车将他们送到高速公路的车道尽头是为了“等待”急救人员的到来。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：家人被帕斯博格所表现出的勇气和无私所感动。A. lyalty忠诚；B. curage勇气；C. genersity慷慨；D. humbleness谦逊。由第3题的分析可知，帕斯博格毫不犹豫地进入火海去救他人，看得出他很勇敢和无私。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位英雄愿意冒着生命危险拯救这个家庭，这对这个年轻的母亲和她的孩子来说是生死攸关的大事。A. risk冒险；B. sustain维持，支撑；C. adjust调整；D. save挽救。由上一题的分析可知，帕斯博格勇敢地进入火海救人，这是冒着生命危险的。故选A项。
第二节 语法填空(每小题 1.5 分，共 10 小题，共计 15 分。)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Invented ____11____ early twentieth-century America by Richard Drew, Sctch tape can be used t fix almst anything. Hwever, there is mre t this fix-it-all than just that. Sticky yet easily remved, Sctch tape was designed fr use in painting cars—t mask ff areas that shuld nt ____12____ (paint). The tape sn fund ther uses. During the 1930s, peple didn’t have much mney, s they culdn’t thrw away damaged things; they had t repair them. Drew’s painting tape became a ppular, mney-saving fix fr everything frm trn clthing t brken eggs. Since then, peple ____13____ (find) all srts f creative ways t use the sticky tape.
【答案】11. in 12. be painted
13. have fund
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了透明胶带的发明和运用史。
【11题详解】
考查介词。句意：在20世纪早期的美国，理查德·德鲁发明了透明胶带，它可以用来固定几乎任何东西。语法填空题中无提示词的情况下，通常填介词、冠词、连词和代词。结合句意可知介词in与early twentieth-century America构成地点状语，表示“在20世纪早期的美国”。故填in。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：透明胶带是为汽车喷漆而设计的，用它来遮盖不应该涂漆的地方。分析句子结构可知that为定语从句修饰先行词areas。再分析定语从句结构可知paint是从句中谓语动词，且和主语that即areas之间有被动关系，所以应该使用被动语态, 又因前有情态动词shuld，因而应用be painted。故填be painted。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，人们找到了各种有创意的使用胶带的方法。分析句子结构可知find在句中作谓语动词，同时句中有常与现在完成时态连用的Since时间状语，所以应使用现在完成时态，又因peple作主语时谓语动词常用复数，所以应用have fund。故填have fund。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Learner’s dictinaries, all in English, are specially designed t help students. ____14____ cnfuses students is hw they can be easy t use. Well, the definitins are simpler than the wrds they describe—they use high-frequency wrds. Students can als get grammatical and usage guidance, ppsites, ther expressins ____15____ (use) the wrd and lts f examples. S yu can see that the dictinary helps t increase yur wrd pwer, and imprve nt nly yur reading and listening, but als yur writing and speaking. There may als be a wide range f ____16____ (picture) t help yu understand.
【答案】14. What
15. using 16. pictures
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。所有的英语学习词典都是专门为帮助学生而设计的，文章对这些词典的使用方法进行了介绍。
【14题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：让学生们困惑的是如何使它们易于使用。主语从句“cnfuses students”中缺少主语，且是指事物，所以应用what。故填what。
【15题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：学生也可以得到语法和用法指导，反义词，其他表达使用的单词和大量的例子。动词use和逻辑主语ther expressins构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。
【16题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：也可能有各种各样的图片来帮助你理解。a range f后应用可数名词复数。故填pictures。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Emma was n her way hme when she heard a sudden scream. Lking arund, she saw a little by n the sidewalk gasping(急喘) fr air, his ___17___(frighten) mther begging fr help. Emma rushed t the by, ___18___ face had turned purple. “What’s wrng?” “A candy! In his thrat!” It was lucky that Emma had learned hw ___19___(perfrm) the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法) at schl. She acted quickly. Sn, the by cughed up a piece f candy and began breathing again. He ___20___(save) in time.
【答案】17. frightened
18. whse 19. t perfrm
20. was saved
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Emma在回家路上，救助被糖果卡住喉咙的小男孩的故事。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：环顾四周，她看到一个小男孩在人行道上喘着气，他惊恐的母亲请求帮助。空处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词 mther，因为修饰空后指人的名词mther，所以空处需用ed形容词frightened“惊恐的”。故填frightened。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Emma奔向男孩，男孩的脸已经变紫了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是by，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词face，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whse引导非限制性定语从句。故填whse。
【19题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：幸运的是，Emma在学校学会了如何使用海姆利克急救法。分析句子结构可知，空处需用疑问词hw接动词不定式作动词learned的宾语。故填t perfrm。
【20题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：他及时得救了。根据前一句谓语动词began 可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，因为小男孩是被Emma救，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were dne，主语是第三人称单数he，所以空处be动词需用was。故填was saved。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节 (每小题 2 分，共 14 小题，共计 28 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Immersive Van Ggh
Frm the creatrs f the blckbuster shw in Paris seen by ver tw millin visitrs and still wwing crwds in Trnt, the west cast premiere (首场) f the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit will bring the art f Vincent t life in Ls Angeles.
Immersive art is nt just a technical way t represent vide and audi in huge spaces. The wrd immersive indicates a deep cmmitment f intentins which cnnect images and sunds in a way that the audience is able t experience a different way f the art.
True t its name, this exhibitin transfrms the icnic (偶像的) paintings f Vincent van Ggh int mving, wall-filling prjectins. “Immersive Van Ggh” prmises half-a-millin cubic feet f prjectins that pull frm sme f the pst-impressinist’s mst recgnizable pieces, including The Bedrm, Sunflwers and, yes, The Starry Night.
Yu will experience art like never befre—lse yurself in entrancing, mving images that highlight brushstrkes, detail, and clr—truly illuminating (照亮) the mind f the genius.
LOCATION
The Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit is lcated at a secret place situated in the heart f Ls Angeles. T be annunced befre the exhibit pens, existing ticket hlders will receive an email with the place name and lcatin nce it is made public.
TICKET PRICES
Tickets are available nline at
GIFT SHOP
Stp by ur Exhibit Gift Shp t take the magic f Van Ggh hme with yu! Frm clthing and jewelry t hme décr, children’s bks, and s much mre, yu will find unique and thughtful suvenirs at the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit. Als be sure t check ut at ur nline stre!
Experience the rganic landscapes f Van Ggh’s imaginatin, and jurney thrugh his brilliance and madness in a cmpletely new and unfrgettable way.
21. Accrding t the passage, the Immersive Van Ggh Exhibit ________.
A. presents Van Ggh’s art in a mdern way
B. begins a jurney t Van Ggh’s hmetwn
C. displays Van Ggh’s paintings n mving walls
D. designs prjects n Van Ggh’s learning experience
22. Frm where can peple find infrmatin abut the exact lcatin f the exhibit?
A. An email.B. A website.
C. The ticket ffice.D. The gift shp.
23. Hw much shuld a cuple with a 5-year-ld child wh wuld like t wn a Van Ggh cushin at least pay fr the visit?
A. $109.98.B. $154.98.
C. $159.98.D. $199.98.
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了这场沉浸式梵高作品展在西海岸的首映式将在洛杉矶让梵高的艺术重现人间。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Immersive art is nt just a technical way t represent vide and audi in huge spaces. The wrd immersive indicates a deep cmmitment f intentins which cnnect images and sunds in a way that the audience is able t experience a different way f the art.(沉浸式艺术不仅仅是在巨大空间中表现视频和音频的技术方法。沉浸式这个词表明了一种深刻的意图，通过将图像和声音连接起来，让观众能够体验到一种不同的艺术方式)”以及第三段“True t its name, this exhibitin transfrms the icnic paintings f Vincent van Ggh int mving, wall-filling prjectins. “Immersive Van Ggh” prmises half-a-millin cubic feet f prjectins that pull frm sme f the pst-impressinist’s mst recgnizable pieces, including The Bedrm, Sunflwers and, yes, The Starry Night.(正如它的名字一样，这次展览将文森特·梵高的标志性画作变成了移动的、充满墙壁的投影。Immersive Van Ggh承诺将使用50万立方英尺的投影，呈现出印象派最著名的作品，包括《卧室》《向日葵》，没错，还有《星夜》)”可知，沉浸式艺术是一种将图像和声音连接起来的新型艺术形式。本次梵高绘画展演就是要通过沉浸式艺术展现。由此推知，本次展演将通过一种新的方式呈现。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“T be annunced befre the exhibit pens, existing ticket hlders will receive an email with the place name and lcatin nce it is made public.(在展览开始前宣布，一旦公开，现有的门票持有者将收到一封附有地点和地点的电子邮件)”可知，想要得到本次展演的确切地点，只能通过电子邮件。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干“a cuple with a 5-year-ld child wh wuld like t wn a Van Ggh cushin (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)”可知，一共有两个成人，一个五岁的小孩，并且想要梵高坐垫。再结合“Ages 6—16 (children 5 and under d nt require a ticket)”可知，五岁以下的小孩不需要门票。再根据题干中“wn a Van Ggh cushin”可知，想要得到一份Van Ggh cushin必须其中一人购买VIP TICKETS，即需要$99.99。另一个人只需要购买BASIC TICKETS(基本门票)，即需要$54.99。所以a cuple with a 5-year-ld child wh wuld like t wn a Van Ggh cushin (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)至少需要$154.98。故选B。
B
Nick Trrance, a junir in high schl, suffers frm muscular dystrphy (肌肉萎缩 症), and attends schl in a specialized wheelchair. The muscle disease prevents him frm accmplishing many everyday tasks, such as carrying his bks and putting things away in his lcker (储物柜). S he had a fellw student assigned t help him. But Amy Smith, the schl’s ccupatinal therapist (治疗师), thught that being able t d smething simple like pening his lcker n his wn wuld be empwering.
Amy initially thught they wuld be able t buy a device t help. But searching nline turned up nthing that culd meet their needs—everything needed a keycde r sme ther physical actin, things her disabled student culdn’t d. After the utside search fr a methd came up shrt, she lked within the schl itself fr an answer. Amy turned t the schl’s rbtics instructr.
The instructr, in turn, suggested that tw f his mst capable students take n the prject: Micah Stuhldreher and Wyatt Smrcka. They tk first place in a natinal rbtics cmpetitin, s they were a natural chice t tackle the lcker dr prblem with a rbtics slutin. Micah and Wyatt wasted n time getting dwn t wrk and fr an hur each schl day, the bys brainstrmed, built, and rebuilt varius versins f the device until they landed n the perfect slutin ne year later.
Like in any device develpment, it tk a lt f trial and errr fr Micah and Wyatt t make smething that wuld wrk fr their target audience. Fr example, they initially built a lcker-pening buttn, but Nick wasn’t strng enugh t push it, s they replaced it with a sensr.
Nw, between classes Nick steers (驾驶,控制) his electric wheelchair t his lcker and waves his hand ver a sensr n the arm f the wheelchair. A few secnds later, the lcker dr swings pen. Anther wave clses the dr. Nick can make it with ease—it may be a small thing, but it gives him a sense f independence.
24. Why did Amy Smith want a device?
A. T help treat a muscle disease.
B. T inspire a rbtics inventin.
C. T encurage cperatin at schl.
D. T increase her student’s cnfidence.
25. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. Nick can pen and clse the lcker withut sitting in his wheelchair nw.
B. The brilliant bys wasted n time and tackled the prblem immediately.
C. Amy helped Nick by buying a device which can pen the lcker.
D. The success f the device came thrugh numerus failures.
26. With a sensr in his wheelchair, Nick can ______.
A. mve arund easilyB. put his things away
C. pen and clse his lckerD. cntinue his schling
27. Accrding t the passage, which wrds can best describe Micah and Wyatt?
A. Caring and passinate.B. Talented and ambitius.
C. Sensitive and insightful.D. Humble and warmhearted.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Nick Trrance，一位患有肌肉萎缩症的高中生，如何通过学校机器人团队的帮助，获得了一种能够让他独立打开储物柜的装置，从而增强了他的自信心。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Nick Trrance, a junir in high schl, suffers frm muscular dystrphy (肌肉萎缩 症), and attends schl in a specialized wheelchair. The muscle disease prevents him frm accmplishing many everyday tasks, such as carrying his bks and putting things away in his lcker (储物柜). S he had a fellw student assigned t help him. But Amy Smith, the schl’s ccupatinal therapist (治疗师), thught that being able t d smething simple like pening his lcker n his wn wuld be empwering.(尼克·托伦斯（Nick Trrance）是一名高三学生，患有肌肉萎缩症，并坐在专门的轮椅上上学。肌肉疾病使他无法完成许多日常任务，比如拿书和把东西放进储物柜里。所以他找了一个同学来帮他。但学校的职业治疗师艾米·史密斯认为，能够自己做一些简单的事情，比如打开储物柜，会给他带来力量。)”和第二段的句子“Amy initially thught they wuld be able t buy a device t help. But searching nline turned up nthing that culd meet their needs—everything needed a keycde r sme ther physical actin, things her disabled student culdn’t d.(艾米起初以为他们可以买个设备来帮忙。但在网上搜索却找不到任何能满足他们需求的东西——所有东西都需要一个键码或一些其他的物理动作，而她的残疾学生却做不到。)”可知，Amy Smith想要一个装置是为了增强Nick的自信心。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Like in any device develpment, it tk a lt f trial and errr fr Micah and Wyatt t make smething that wuld wrk fr their target audience.(就像在任何设备开发中一样，Micah和Wyatt也经历了许多尝试和错误，才创造出适合目标用户的内容。)”可知，这个装置的成功是通过多次失败后取得的。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nw, between classes Nick steers (驾驶,控制) his electric wheelchair t his lcker and waves his hand ver a sensr n the arm f the wheelchair. A few secnds later, the lcker dr swings pen. Anther wave clses the dr. Nick can make it with ease—it may be a small thing, but it gives him a sense f independence.(现在，在课间休息的时候，尼克把他的电动轮椅推到他的储物柜前，用手在轮椅扶手上的传感器上挥了挥手。几秒钟后，储物柜的门打开了。另一个挥手就关上了门。尼克可以轻松地做到这一点——这可能是一件小事，但这给了他一种独立的感觉。)”可知，Nick可以通过轮椅上的传感器轻松地打开和关闭储物柜。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The instructr, in turn, suggested that tw f his mst capable students take n the prject: Micah Stuhldreher and Wyatt Smrcka. They tk first place in a natinal rbtics cmpetitin, s they were a natural chice t tackle the lcker dr prblem with a rbtics slutin. Micah and Wyatt wasted n time getting dwn t wrk and fr an hur each schl day, the bys brainstrmed, built, and rebuilt varius versins f the device until they landed n the perfect slutin ne year later.(反过来，老师建议他的两个最有能力的学生：Micah Stuhldreher和Wyatt smrka来承担这个项目。他们在全国机器人比赛中获得了第一名，所以用机器人解决储物柜门问题是很自然的选择。迈卡和怀亚特立即投入工作，每个上学日花一个小时，头脑风暴，制作，重建各种版本的设备，直到一年后他们找到了完美的解决方案。)”和第四段“Like in any device develpment, it tk a lt f trial and errr fr Micah and Wyatt t make smething that wuld wrk fr their target audience. Fr example, they initially built a lcker-pening buttn, but Nick wasn’t strng enugh t push it, s they replaced it with a sensr.(就像在任何设备开发中一样，Micah和Wyatt也经历了许多尝试和错误，才创造出适合目标用户的内容。例如，他们最初做了一个储物柜打开按钮，但尼克不够强壮，无法按下它，所以他们用传感器代替了它。)”可知，Micah和Wyatt是富有同情心和热情的。故选A项。
C
D yu find getting up in the mrning s difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanatin. He has prved that everyne has a daily energy cycle.
During the hurs when yu labur thrugh yur wrk, yu may say that yu’re “ht”. That’s true. The time f day when yu feel mst energetic is when yur cycle f bdy temperature is at its peak. Fr sme peple that peak cmes during the frenn. Fr thers it cmes in the afternn r evening. N ne has discvered why this is s, but it leads t such familiar mnlgues (自言自语) as “Get up, Jhn! Yu’ll be late fr wrk again!” The pssible explanatin t the truble is that Jhn is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member f the family has.
Yu can’t change yur energy cycle, but yu can make yur life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe yu’re sleepy in the evening but feel yu must stay up late anyway. Cunteract (打乱) yur cycle t sme extent by habitually staying up later than yu want t. If yur energy is lw in the mrning but yu have an imprtant jb t d early in the day, rise befre yur usual hur. This wn’t change yur cycle, but yu’ll get up steam (精力) and wrk better at yur lw pint.
Get ff t a slw start which saves yur energy. Get up with a yawn (哈欠) and stretch. Sit n the edge f the bed a minute befre putting yur feet n the flr. Avid the trublesme search fr clean clthes by laying them ut the night befre. Whenever pssible, d rutine wrk in the afternn and save tasks requiring mre energy fr yur sharper hurs.
28. Which f the fllwing causes family quarrels?
A. Familiar mnlgues.
B. Nt knwing each ther’s energy cycle.
C. A change in a family member’s energy cycle.
D. Attempts t cntrl the energy f ther family members
29. If yu want t wrk better at yur lw pint in the mrning, yu shuld _________.
A. change yur energy cycleB. vercme yur laziness
C. g t bed earlierD. get up early than usual
30. Yu are advised t rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _________.
A. help t keep yur energy fr the day’s wrk
B. help yu t cntrl yur temper early in the day
C. enable yu t get yur energy n yur rutine wrk
D. keep yur energy cycle under cntrl all day
31. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Change Yur HabitsB. Save Yur Energy
C. Daily Energy CycleD. Temperature-and-Energy Peak
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有些人每天早起时很困难，是因为每个人都有自己独特的日常能量循环，所以每个人的习惯也不一样。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member f the family has.(当丈夫和妻子意识到这些能量循环的含义，以及每个家庭成员所处的周期时，许多家庭争吵就结束了)”可知，不知道彼此的能量循环会引起家庭争吵。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If yur energy is lw in the mrning but yu have an imprtant jb t d early in the day, rise befre yur usual hur.(如果你早上精力不足，但一大早又有重要的工作要做，那就比平时早起)”可知，如果你想在早晨情绪低落的时候工作得更好，你应该比平时早起。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Get ff t a slw start which saves yur energy. Get up with a yawn (哈欠) and stretch.(慢慢开始，这样可以节省你的精力。打个哈欠起床，伸伸懒腰)”可知，作者建议早上起来先悠闲地打个哈欠，伸个懒腰的原因是为白天的工作储蓄能量。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“D yu find getting up in the mrning s difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanatin. He has prved that everyne has a daily energy cycle.(你是否觉得早上起床很困难，甚至很痛苦？这可能被称为懒惰，但克莱特曼博士有一个新的解释。他证明了每个人每天都有一个能量循环)”可知，文章介绍了有些人每天早起时很困难，是因为每个人都有自己独特的日常能量循环，所以每个人的习惯也不一样。由此可知，C选项“每日能量循环”最符合文章标题。故选C。
D
Everyne lks frward t prgress, whether in ne’s persnal life r in the general sciety. Prgress indicates a persn’s ability t change the way he is living at the mment. Prgress must lead a better way f ding things. All these, hwever, remains true nly in s far as peple want t accept technlgy and mve frward by finding new and mre efficient ways f ding things.
Hwever, at the back f the minds f many peple, especially thse wh miss the “gd ld days”, efficiency cmes with a price. When cmmunicatin becmes efficient, peple are able t cnduct ne anther n matter where they are and at whatever time they wish t. The click f a buttn allws peple miles apart t talk r t see each ther withut even leaving their hmes. With the cmmunicatin gadgets(小器具), such as mbile phnes and iPads, peple ften d nt take the effrt t visit ne anther persnally. A persnal visit carries with the additinal feature f having t be in the persn’s presence fr as lng as the visit lasts. We cannt unnecessarily excuse urselves r turn the ther persn ff.
With efficiency als cmes mass prductin. Such is the nature f factries and the success f industrializatin tday. Factries have imprved efficiency. Unskillful tasks are left t machines and prducts are better made and prduced with greater accuracy than any human hand culd ever have dne. Hwever, with the imprvements in efficiency als cmes the lss f the persnal tuch when making these prducts. Fr example, many handcrafts(手工艺品) are nw prduced in a factry.
Althugh this means that supply is better able t increase demand, nw that the
supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass prductin lwers the quality f the handicraft and it is difficult t find unique designs n each item.
Nevertheless, we must nt cmmit the mistake f analyzing prgress nly frm ne pint f view. In fact, prgress has allwed traditin t keep up. It is nly with prgress and the inventin f new technlgy that many ld prducts can be brught back t their ld state. New technlgy is required fr ld prducts t stay ld.
It is peple’s attitude twards prgress that causes the type f influence that technlgy has n sciety. Technlgy is flexible. There is n fixed way f making use f it. Everything depends n peple’s attitude. The wrst effects f prgress will fall n thse wh are unable t rethink their attitudes and views f sciety. When we accept prgress and adapt it t suit ur needs, a new “past” is created.
32. Accrding t Paragraph 1 prgress can benefit peple when they are willing t _______.
A. live a better lifeB. lk fr better methds
C. change ways f livingD. accept technlgy and advance steadily
33. The authr explains “efficiency cmes with a price” by _______.
A. describing a prcessB. using examples
C. fllwing time rderD. making classificatin
34. What can be cncluded frm the last paragraph?
A. Prgress can suit the needs f daily life.
B. Peple review the past with great regret.
C. Peple’s attitude decides the use f technlgy.
D. Technlgy shuld be intrduced in a fixed way.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进步对个人生活和社会的影响，特别是效率提升带来的便利与代价，同时指出人们对进步的态度决定了技术对社会的影响方式。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“All these, hwever, remain true nly in s far as peple want t accept technlgy and mve frward by finding new and mre efficient ways f ding things.” (然而，只有在人们愿意接受技术，并通过寻找新的、更有效的做事方式来前进的情况下，所有这些都是正确的)”可知，当人们愿意接受技术并稳步前进时，进步才会使人们受益。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“When cmmunicatin becmes efficient, peple are able t cntact ne anther n matter where they are and at whatever time they wish t. The click f a buttn allws peple miles apart t talk r t see each ther withut even leaving their hmes. With the cmmunicatin gadgets, such as mbile phnes and ipads, peple ften d nt take the effrt t visit ne anther persnally. (当沟通变得高效时，人们可以随时随地联系对方。只需点击一个按钮，相隔数英里人们就可以交谈或见面，甚至不需要离开他们的家。有了诸如移动电话和ipad这样的通讯工具，人们往往不愿意亲自去拜访彼此)”可判断出，作者通过举例说明了“效率是有代价的”。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is peple’s attitude twards prgress that causes the type f influence that technlgy has n sciety. Technlgy is flexible. There is n fixed way f making use f it. Everything depends n peple’s attitude. (正是人们对进步的态度导致了技术对社会的影响。技术是灵活的。没有固定的方法来使用它。一切都取决于人的态度)”可知，人们的态度决定了技术的使用。故选C。
第二节 (每小题 2 分，共 5 小题，共计 10 分)
根据短文内容， 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Family traditins are things that families d tgether n a regular basis. ___35___ They can be repeated daily, weekly, mnthly r nce a year. It is imprtant fr families t bserve their traditins even as their children get lder. Here are reasns t bserve families traditins:
Family traditins create gd feelings and special mments t remember. They are fun things t d. ___36___ These are the memries that will last a lifetime.
___37___ Being a part f a family is mre than living in the same hme r having the same last name. It is abut relatinships and family bnds. Since family traditins are smething yu d tgether, they strengthen the bnds yu have between each ther creating a strnger sense f belnging t the family.
Family traditins help teens a lt when they are trying t figure ut wh they are, which jb teenagers ften d. A family encurages a teen t be a part f it and its traditins prvide a strng fundatin fr teens t stand n. ___38___
___39___ Every day teens face sme very difficult issues. Knwing that they are secure and have a family t turn t is a pwerful tl t use against negative peer pressure, drug use influences, etc.
A. Family traditins ffer teens a sense f security.
B. Family traditins help parents infrm their children f the family’s values.
C. It’s very imprtant when they’re searching fr and defining (定义) their sense f self.
D. Family traditins give every member f the family a strng sense f belnging.
E. Enjying them tgether as a family will create psitive emtins in each member.
F. Old family traditins are imprtant but easily frgtten in tday’s sciety.
G. These things can be enjyable activities r a certain fd that a family likes.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. D 38. C 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么年轻人要遵守家庭传统。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Family traditins are things that families d tgether n a regular basis. (家庭传统是家人定期一起做的事情)”和下文“They can be repeated daily, weekly, mnthly r nce a year. (它们可以每天、每周、每月或每年重复一次)”可知，空处应该是具体描写在家庭聚会可以做的事情，G选项“These things can be enjyable activities r a certain fd that a family likes.(这些东西可以是令人愉快的活动，也可以是一家人喜欢的某种食物)”符合文意，承上启下，故选G。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Family traditins create gd feelings and special mments t remember. They are fun things t d. (家庭传统创造美好的感觉，并且制造可以记住的特殊时刻。它们是有趣的事情)”可知，此处描写了家庭传统给人带来积极的影响，即营造美好感觉，制造特殊时刻，这些是有趣的事情，结合下文“These are the memries that will last a lifetime. (这些记忆将会持续一生)”可以推断出，空处应该是描写这些有趣的事情会给人们带来的具体好处，E选项“Enjying them tgether as a family will create psitive emtins in each member.(作为一个家庭一起享受它们，会给每个成员带来积极的情绪)”符合文意，承接上文，其中them代指上文提到的fun things，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据下文“Being a part f a family is mre than living in the same hme r having the same last name. It is abut relatinships and family bnds. Since family traditins are smething yu d tgether, they strengthen the bnds yu have between each ther creating a strnger sense f belnging t the family.(成为一个家庭的一员不仅仅是住在同一个家里或者有同样的姓。它是关于人际关系和家庭联系的。 因为家庭传统是你们一起做某件事情，它们加强了你们之间的联系，创造了一种更强烈的家庭归属感)”可知，此处主要描写了家庭传统使家人之间的关系更加紧密，给人们一种强烈的归属感，所以可以推断出，空处应该是引起下文，对下文内容进行概括，即家庭传统会让人们有强烈的归属感，D选项“Family traditins give every member f the family a strng sense f belnging.(家庭传统让每个家庭成员都有强烈的归属感)”符合文意，概括出了本段内容，是本段的中心句，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据上文“A family encurages a teen t be a part f it and its traditins prvide a strng fundatin fr teens t stand n.(家庭鼓励一个青少年参与其中，它的传统为青少年站立提供了坚实的基础)”可知，此处描写了家庭对青少年的帮助，所以可以推断出，空处应该是描写这种帮助的具体意义是什么，C选项“It’s very imprtant when they’re searching fr and defining (定义) their sense f self.(当他们寻找和定义自我的时候，这是非常重要的)”符合文意，承接上文，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Every day teens face sme very difficult issues. Knwing that they are secure and have a family t turn t is a pwerful tl t use against negative peer pressure, drug use influences, etc.(青少年每天都要面对一些非常困难的问题。知道他们自己是安全的，有一个家庭可以依靠，这就是一个强大的工具，可以用来对抗来自同龄人的负面压力，毒品使用的影响，等等)”可知，虽然青少年每天都面临困难，但是有家庭的依靠，他们知道自己是安全的，由此可以推断出，空处应该是描写家庭能给青少年提供安全感，A选项“Family traditins ffer teens a sense f security.(家庭传统给青少年一种安全感)”符合文意，是本段的中心句，故选A。
(请将答案填写在答题卡上的指定位置!)
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节 阅读表达(第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
D yu think yu’re a gd listener? Chances are yu d. But studies shw that mst peple seriusly verestimate their ability t listen. The truth is we are generally nt gd at listening, and ur listening cmprehensin declines as we age.
Why aren’t we gd at listening? One reasn cncerns the speed at which we think. The adult brain can prcess up t arund 400 wrds per minute. This means during a cnversatin an average persn thinks mre than three times faster than he speaks. Therefre, we can easily think abut smething else while smene is talking t us, allwing ur mind t wander r get sidetracked. Thinking abut hw yu will reply while smene is still talking is ne f the mst cmmn barriers t effective listening.
Anther factr that cntributes t ur pr listening is ur ever-decreasing attentin span (持续时间). Accrding t study cnducted by Micrsft, in 2000—arund the time the mbile revlutin began—the average human attentin span was 12 secnds; by 2013, it had fallen t 8 secnds! Our mbile devices prvide cnstant distractins, which can be very destructive t listening. Test results have shwn that being interrupted by a cell phne lwers listening cmprehensin by 20 percent.
Interruptins and distractins can cause a dramatic decline in listening ability—but they dn’t have t. Mre and mre peple nw realize that listening is a skill that can be develped thrugh practice. Learning t bserve a speaker’s bdy language and emtins, fr example, can imprve ur active listening. Even the simple act f nte-taking r making eye cntact can help us stay fcused while listening.
The rewards f effective listening are many. Research suggests that peple wh are gd listeners make better leaders. And a recent study indicates that emplyees wh dn’t believe their bsses are listening t them are less likely t ffer helpful suggestins and new ideas. As Dr. Ralph Nichls nce said, “The mst basic f all human needs is the need t understand and be understd. The best way t understand peple is t listen t them.”
40. Accrding t Paragraph 2, why is it easy fr us t get distracted during a cnversatin?
41. What has caused the decrease f ur attentin span?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The decline f listening ability caused by distractins is sharp, and it is hard t be prevented.
43. Please intrduce the rewards that effective listening brings t yu.
【答案】40. Because during a cnversatin an average persn thinks mre than three times faster than he speaks and he may think abut hw t reply.
41. Our mbile devices
42. The decline f listening ability caused by distractins is sharp, and it is hard t be prevented.
Because Mre and mre peple nw realize that listening is a skill that can be develped thrugh practice.
43. 参考答案:First f all, gd listeners make better leaders.Secndly,listening mre allws us t understand thers’views, take their strengths and understand their lgical thinking. In additin, being a listener is gd fr us t deal with individual prblems and imprve ur persnal qualities!
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述我们通常不擅长倾听，随着年龄的增长，我们的倾听理解能力会下降，并分析我们不擅长倾听的原因。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段“One reasn cncerns the speed at which we think. The adult brain can prcess up t arund 400 wrds per minute. This means during a cnversatin an average persn thinks mre than three times faster than he speaks. Therefre, we can easily think abut smething else while smene is talking t us, allwing ur mind t wander r get sidetracked.(一个原因与我们思考的速度有关。成年人的大脑每分钟可以处理大约400个单词。这意味着在谈话中，一个普通人的思考速度是他说话速度的三倍以上。因此，当有人和我们说话时，我们可以很容易地想到其他事情，让我们的思想四处游荡或偏离方向。)”和“Thinking abut hw yu will reply while smene is still talking is ne f the mst cmmn barriers t effective listening.(当别人还在说话时思考你会如何回答是有效倾听最常见的障碍之一。)”可知，是因为我们思考的速度比我们说话的速度快很多和思考你会如何回答，导致我们会分心。故答案为Because during a cnversatin an average persn thinks mre than three times faster than he speaks and he may think abut hw t reply.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第三段“Accrding t study cnducted by Micrsft, in 2000—arund the time the mbile revlutin began—the average human attentin span was 12 secnds; by 2013, it had fallen t 8 secnds! Our mbile devices prvide cnstant distractins, which can be very destructive t listening. (根据微软研究，2000年移动革命开始前后，人类的平均注意力跨度为12秒；到2013年，它已经下降到8秒！我们的移动设备会不断分散注意力，这会对听力造成很大破坏。)”可知，我们的移动设备会让我们降低注意力时长。故答案为Our mbile devices.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。由文章倒数第二段“Interruptins and distractins can cause a dramatic decline in listening ability—but they dn't have t. Mre and mre peple nw realize that listening is a skill that can be develped thrugh practice. Learning t bserve a speaker’s bdy language and emtins, fr example, can imprve ur active listening. Even the simple act f nte-taking r making eye cntact can help us stay fcused while listening.(干扰和分心可能会导致听力能力急剧下降，但并非必须如此。越来越多的人现在意识到倾听是一种可以通过练习来改善的技能。例如，学习观察说话者的肢体语言和情绪可以提高我们的积极听力。即使是简单的记笔记或眼神交流也能帮助我们在听的时候保持专注。)”可知，听力能力下降是可以防范的，我们可以练习来改善听力技能。因此原句中的“ it is hard t be prevented.”是错误的，故答案为The decline f listening ability caused by distractins is sharp, and it is hard t be prevented.Because Mre and mre peple nw realize that listening is a skill that can be develped thrugh practice.
【43题详解】
开放题。根据最后一段“The rewards f effective listening are many. Research suggests that peple wh are gd listeners make better leaders. (有效倾听的回报是多方面的。研究表明，善于倾听的人会成为更好的领导者。)”,同时开放性题目考生言之有理即可。参考答案为：First f all, gd listeners make better leaders.Secndly,listening mre allws us t understand thers’views, take their strengths and understand their lgical thinking. In additin, being a listener is gd fr us t deal with individual prblems and imprve ur persnal qualities!
第二节 书面表达 (共 1 小题，20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。学校于今年4月组织了为期一周的“数学周”系列活动，请你用英文给英国笔友Jim写一封邮件，介绍该活动。
内容包括：
1. 时间、地点等信息；
2. 活动内容。
注意： 1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m writing t tell yu abut ur schl’s “Math Week” held this April. It lasted fr a week and tk place in ur schl.
During the week, we had varius activities. There was a math cmpetitin where students shwed their prblem-slving skills. We als attended lectures given by famus math prfessrs. Mrever, an exhibitin f math mdels and puzzles was set up, which attracted a lt f students.
I really enjyed this event. It nt nly made math mre interesting but als imprved ur math skills.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高二学生李华的身份，给英国笔友Jim写一封邮件，介绍学校于今年4月组织的为期一周的“数学周”系列活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
举办：hld → hst
各种各样的：varius → a variety f/all kinds f
参加：attend → participate in
提高：imprve → enhance
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We als attended lectures given by famus math prfessrs.
拓展句：We als attended lectures which was given by famus math prfessrs.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There was a math cmpetitin where students shwed their prblem-slving skills.(运用了where引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Mrever, an exhibitin f math mdels and puzzles was set up, which attracted a lt f students.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
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