初中英语人教版（2024）八年级上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Section B巩固练习

这是一份初中英语人教版（2024）八年级上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Section B巩固练习，文件包含Unit1重点语法精讲精练讲义解析版docx、Unit1重点语法精讲精练讲义原题版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
. 不定代词（指代不明确的人或物）
smething
详解① 用于肯定句，表“某事/物” ② 用于疑问句时，期待肯定回答（如建议、邀请）
特殊用法/易错点修饰语（形容词/不定式）必须后置 例：smething t eat（吃的东西）
例句（结合单元内容）- I bught smething special fr my friend in Yunnan.（我在云南给朋友买了特别的东西。） - Wuld yu like smething t drink?（你想喝点什么吗？）
anything
用法详解① 用于否定句/疑问句，表“任何事/物” ② 用于肯定句，表“任何事物”（强调范围）
特殊用法/易错点否定句中 = nt smething 例：I didn’t d anything interesting = I did nthing interesting.
例句（结合单元内容）- Did yu find anything strange in the ld twn?（你在老镇发现奇怪的东西了吗？） - Yu can ask me anything abut the trip.（你可以问我关于这次旅行的任何事。）
nthing用法详解表“没有任何事/物”，= nt anything
特殊用法/易错点作主语时谓语动词用单数 例：Nthing is impssible if yu try.- She said nthing but smiled.（她什么也没说，只是微笑。）
例句（结合单元内容） - I had nthing t d, s I read a bk.（我无事可做，所以读了一本书。）
smene/smebdy
用法详解① 肯定句中表“某人” ② 疑问句中表“有人”（期待存在）
特殊用法/易错点对应否定形式：n ne/nbdy- Smene called yu when yu were ut.（你出去时有人打电话给你。）
例句（结合单元内容）- Is there smebdy in the rm?（房间里有人吗？）
anyne/anybdy
用法详解① 否定/疑问句中表“任何人” ② 肯定句中表“任何人”（强调“无论谁”）
特殊用法/易错点常用于否定句：nt anyne = n ne
例句（结合单元内容）- Did yu meet anyne famus at the festival?（你在节日上遇到名人了吗？） - Anyne can jin the game.（任何人都可以参加游戏。）
everyne/everybdy
用法详解表“每个人/所有人”，谓语动词用单数
特殊用法/易错点强调整体，不与f连用（every ne可接f）
例句（结合单元内容）- Everyne lved the perfrmance at the festival.（所有人都喜欢节日上的表演。） - Everybdy shuld prtect the envirnment.（每个人都应该保护环境。）
②. 不定副词（指代不明确的地点）
③. 修饰语位置规则
核心规则：不定代词/副词的修饰语（形容词、不定式短语、介词短语）必须后置。
形容词后置：smething special（特别的事）、anyne bred（感到无聊的人）
不定式短语后置：nthing t wrry abut（没什么可担心的）、smewhere t relax（放松的地方）
介词短语后置：smene frm Russia（来自俄罗斯的人）、anything in the bx（盒子里的任何东西）
错误对比：
正确：I have smething imprtant t tell yu.（√）
错误：I have imprtant smething t tell yu.（×）
—________ came t see yu just nw. Where have yu been?
—Srry, I have been t the library. Wh can it be?
A．SmebdyB．AnybdyC．EverybdyD．Nbdy
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——刚才有人来找你。你去哪儿了？——抱歉，我去图书馆了。会是谁呢？
考查不定代词辨析。Smebdy某人，用于肯定句；Anybdy任何人，常用于疑问句或否定句；Everybdy每个人；Nbdy没有人。根据“ t see yu just nw. Where have yu been?”可知，此处表示刚才有人来找你了。故选A。
—Did ________ g with yu t the 7th China-Suth Asia Exp (南博会) in Kunming?
—Yes. I went there with my parents.
A．smewhereB．anyneC．smethingD．anything
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——有人和你一起去参加在昆明举行的第七届中国南亚博览会吗？——是的。我和父母一起去的。
考查复合不定代词。smewhere某地；anyne任何人；smething某事；anything任何事。根据“Did ... g with yu t the 7th China-Suth Asia Exp (南博会) in Kunming?”可知，此处询问是否有人陪伴，应用anyne。故选B。
We are sure we will win the basketball match and ________ can beat us.
A．everybdyB．smebdyC．anybdyD．nbdy
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们确信我们会赢得这场篮球比赛，没有人能打败我们。
考查不定代词辨析。everybdy每个人；smebdy某人；anybdy任何人；nbdy没人。根据“We are sure we will win the basketball match”可知，这里表示确信会赢得比赛，即没人可以打败我们。故选D。
—Mum, I have ______ imprtant t tell yu.
—What’s wrng?
A．nthing B．anything C．smething D．everything
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我有重要的事情要告诉你。——怎么了？
考查复合不定代词。nthing什么都没有；anything任何事情，常用于否定句或疑问句中；smething一些事情，常用于肯定句中及表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中；everything一切。根据分析句子“Mum, I (重要的) t tell yu.”可知，该句是肯定句，此处应该指的是“我”有重要的事情要告诉你。故选C。
The stry f Yu Gng tells us that ______ is impssible (不可能的) if we never give up.
A．smethingB．nthingC．anythingD．everything
【答案】B
【详解】句意：愚公的故事告诉我们，如果我们永不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。
考查不定代词用法。smething某件事；nthing没有什么；anything任何事情；everything每件事。根据“ impssible (不可能的) if we never give up.”可知，永不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。故选B。
6）verything ______ fine with us in the first three days but later smething went wrng.
A．isB．areC．wasD．were
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在前三天我们一切都很顺利，但后来出了点问题。
考查主谓一致和时态。is是，一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；are是，一般现在时的复数形式；was是，一般过去时的第三人称单数形式；were是，一般过去时的复数形式。根据“but later smething went wrng”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，又因为“everything”是不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。故选C。
7）We all tried Beijing fermented mung bean juice (豆汁), but nt ________ liked it.
A．smebdyB．anybdyC．everybdyD．nbdy
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们都尝试过北京豆汁，但不是每个人都喜欢它。
考查不定代词辨析。smebdy某人；anybdy任何人；everybdy每个人；nbdy没有人。根据“but nt…liked it”可知，此处指不是每个人都喜欢豆汁，应用everybdy“每个人”。故选C。
8）—Where are yu ging fr yur hliday?
—I’m ging ________ because it’s t cld here.
A．smewhere warmB．everywhere warm
C．warm smewhereD．warm everywhere
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你打算去哪里度假？——我要去一个暖和的地方，因为这里太冷了。
考查地点副词以及定语后置。smewhere某地；everywhere所有地方。根据“I’m ging...”可知要去一个暖和的地方，用smewhere，形容词修饰smewhere用进行后置。故选A。
9）There isn’t ________ in tday’s newspaper. I want t watch TV instead.
A．anything newB．new anythingC．smething newD．new smething
【答案】A
【详解】句意：今天的报纸上没有什么新消息。让我们看电视吧。
考查不定代词及形容词后置。smething用于肯定句；anything用于否定句或疑问句；本句是否定句，应用anything，排除C/D选项；形容词修饰不定代词，位于其后，故选A。
10）—Did yu g ________ last weekend?
—Yes. I als met ________ there.
A．smewhere; smene friendlyB．anywhere; friendly smene
C．smewhere; anyne friendlyD．anywhere; smene friendly
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你上周去过任何地方了吗？——是的，我还在那里遇到了一个友好的人。
考查复合不定代词的用法。smewhere某个地方，常用于肯定句中；anywhere任何地方，常用于否定和疑问句中。smene某人，常用于肯定句中；anyne任何人，常用于否定和疑问句中；friendly友好的。因第一句为一般疑问句，故应用anywhere；形容词修饰复合不定代词时置其后，且第二句为肯定句，故用smene friendly。故选D。
二、感叹句
用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或hw引导，具体
用法如下表：
what引导
（1）What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!
What a kind girl ( she is )! （她是）一个多么善良的女孩啊！
（2）What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!
What beautiful flwers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！
What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气！
Hw 引导
Hw + 主语 + 谓语!
Hw time flies! 时间飞逝！
Hw + 形容词/副词（+主语 + 谓语）!
Hw brave ( the her is )!（这个英雄）真勇敢！
Hw slwly he walks! 他走得多慢啊!
Hw + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!
Hw clever ( a by he is )! （他是）一个多么聪明的男孩啊！
【即学即用】
( ) 1. _______ fast the by ran!
A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
( )2. _______ well yu sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. Hw, hw B. What, what
C. Hw, what D. What, hw
( )3. ________ delicius sup it is! I’d like sme mre.
A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
( )4. _______ fls they were! They believed what the man said.
A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
( )5. _______ flish by he is! He believed what the man said.
A. Hw B. What C. What an D. What a
答案：A A CAD
三、一般过去时复习
一、写出下列动词的过去式
1. g ___________ 2. enjy ___________3. feel ___________4. get ___________
5. visit ___________6. take ___________7. break ___________8. find ___________
9. study ___________10. eat ___________11. play ___________12. stp ___________
13. begin ___________14. write ___________15. frget ___________16. hike ___________
17. stand ___________18. climb ___________19. run ___________20. swim ___________
21. leave ___________22. is/am ___________23. are ___________
【答案】
1.went 2.enjyed 3.felt 4.gt 5.visited 6.tk 7.brke8.fund
9.studied 10.ate 11.played 12.stpped 13.began14.wrte15.frgt 16.hiked
17.std18.climbed 19.ran 20.swam 21.left 22.was 23.were
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Bnnie and Jenny ___________（g）t the library yesterday.
2. There ________（be）n need fr us t d what he asked.
3. My father always ___________（drive）t wrk.
4. They ___________（read）the newspaper in the living rm just nw.
5. The Greens ___________（be）excited abut visiting the Great Wall last night.
6. Gary ___________（study）Chinese well many years ag.
7. We will have a picnic if we ___________（get）up early.
8. Dn’t ___________（take）away the bxes, I have t use them later.
9. My mm ___________（ck）the steamed chicken sup last night.
10. Tm ___________（climb）up t the tp f Munt Huangshan,the scenery was s wnderful.
【答案】
1.went 2.was 3.drives 4.read 5.were 6.studied 7.get 8.take 9.cked 10.climbed
三、单项选择。
—I visited a museum last weekend. Hw abut yu?
—I ________ apples n the farm.
A．pickB．pickedC．am pickingD．will pick
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我上周末参观了一个博物馆。你呢？——我在农场摘了苹果。
考查动词时态。根据“I visited a museum last weekend. Hw abut yu?”可知，此处询问过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故选B。
Tm ften ________ t schl by bike, but he ________ a bus t schl this mrning.
A．ges；takesB．went；tkC．went；takesD．ges；tk
【答案】D
【详解】句意：汤姆经常骑自行车去上学，但今天早上他乘公共汽车去上学。
考查动词时态。根据“ften”可知，空一处时态为一般现在时，主语是三单，动词用三单ges；根据“this mrning”可知，空二处时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式tk。故选D。
─Where ________ my new clthes? I can’t find them.
─I ________ them in yur bedrm this afternn.
A．are; seeB．are; sawC．were; sawD．were; see
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我的新衣服在哪？我找不到它们了。——我今天下午在你的卧室看到它们了。
考查一般过去时。根据后面的“my new clthes? I can’t find them”可知，时态是一般现在时，用are，排除C和D，由后面的“this afternn”可知，第二个空是一般过去时，排除A，故选B。
As sn as he gt hme, he ________ his backpack n the flr and ________ dwn n the sfa.
A．will lay, lieB．lied, laidC．laid, layD．laid, lied
【答案】C
【详解】句意“他一到家，他就将书包放在地板上并躺在沙发上”。
lie译为撒谎时，过去式与过去分词分别为lied和lied；当lie译为“躺”时，过去式与过去分词为lay和lain；lay译为“放置”时，过去式与过去分词分别为laid, laid。根据空前gt hme可知，用一般过去时，排除A；第一空处译为“放”，用laid，第二空处译为“躺”，用lay，故选C。
—Tm didn’t jin in the AI prject discussin with us.
—Althugh he ________ t jin us befre, he had t have a rest because f his illness.
A．prmisesB．prmisedC．is prmisingD．will prmise
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——Tm没有和我们一起参加人工智能项目的讨论。——尽管他之前答应过要加入我们，但因为生病他不得不休息。
考查动词的时态。根据“Tm didn’t jin...”及空后的“befre”可知，此处指Tm之前答应了和我们一起参加讨论，应用一般过去时。故选B。
【即学即练】
单项选择。
Did yu see ________ just nw?
A．smething specialB．strange special
C．anything specialD．special anything
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你刚才看到什么特别的东西了吗？
考查复合不定代词的用法。根据固定用法，形容词修饰复合不定代词的时候，需要把形容词放在它们的后面，可以排除D选项；又根据anything一般用于否定句或者疑问句中，smething用于肯定句中，结合此句是一般疑问句，所以此处填anything special，表示“你刚才看到什么特别的东西了吗？”。故选C。
—Wuld yu like ________ t eat, Sally?
—N, thanks. I’m full nw.
A．else anythingB．nthing else
C．smething elseD．else smething
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Sally，你还想吃点别的吗？——不，谢谢。我现在饱了。
考查复合不定代词以及形容词的位置。anything任何事物；nthing没什么；smething某物。形容词else修饰不定代词时，要放在其后，排除A和D选项。此句是表示请求的疑问句，应用smething，故选C。
Sam used t _________ games fr fun, but nw he wants t d _________.
A．play; smething differentB．playing; smething different
C．play; different smethingD．playing: different smething
【答案】A
【详解】句意：Sam过去玩游戏是为了好玩，但现在他想做些不同的事情。
考查动词短语及不定代词的用法。used t d sth.“过去常常做某事”；短语play games“玩游戏”；第一空用used t d sth.，排除BD；smething“某些事情”，是不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词要后置，smething different“一些不同的东西”，排除B，故选A。
________ she learn ________ when she was in Beijing last year?
A．Did; anythingB．Did; smething
C．Des; anythingD．Des; smething
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她去年在北京时学到了什么吗？
考查助动词和不定代词。anything任何事物，常用在否定句或疑问句中；smething某事物，常用在肯定句或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。根据时间状语“last year”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，助动词用did；本句是疑问句，所以用anything，故选A。
—What did yu d during the past winter hliday?
—I ______ with my parents and all f us had great fun.
A．g smewhere interesting
B．went smewhere interesting
C．went interesting smewhere
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你在过去的寒假里做了什么？——我和父母一起去了一个有趣的地方，我们都玩得很开心。
考查时态和定语后置。根据“What did yu...”可知句子用一般过去时，排除A；interesting修饰复合不定副词时，应后置，排除C。故选B。
二、完成句子。
1. 冬天人们喜欢去海南度假。
Peple like t _______ _____ ______ in Hainan in winter.
2. 我打算明天去看望我的祖父母。
I am ging t ________ ________ ________ tmrrw.
3. 你们去年去夏令营了吗？
Did yu ________ ________ ________ ________ last year?
4. 这两位女士都对古建筑感兴趣。
Bth f the wmen are interested in ________ ________.
5. 上周六，我们在农场喂鸡和摘草莓。
We fed chickens and ________ ____________ n the farm last Saturday
6. 每一次你都会学到一些新的东西。
Each time yu will learn ________ ________..
【答案】1. g n a hliday 2. visit my grandparents 3. g t summer camp 4. ancient buildings 5. picked strawberries 6. smething new
三、短文填空。
A.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的不定代词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
This vacatin I did 1 very special. I visited a friend n her farm with my sisters. It’s nly 3 kilmeters frm my hme t the farm, s we 2 (g) there by bike. It was my first time t g there, s I was interested in 3 n the farm. In the mrning, we 4 (ride) a hrse and milked a cw. It was s much fun. In the afternn, we 5 (pick) sme strawberries. In the evening, there was 6 much t d but enjy the full mn. Still n 7 felt bred. It was a really wnderful day! 8 had a great time. What abut yu? Did yu d 9 fun this vacatin? Did yu g with 10 ?
【答案】
1．smething 2．went 3．everything 4．rde 5．picked 6．nthing 7．ne 8．Everyne/Everybdy 9．anything 10．anyne/anybdy
【导语】本文主要讲述了假期作者去农场拜访朋友，描述了在农场做的事。
1．句意：这个假期我做了一件很特别的事。根据下一句“I visited a friend n her farm with my sisters.”可知，我和姐姐们一起去农场拜访了一个朋友，可见这是一件很特别的事。smething “某事”符合语境。故填smething。
2．句意：从我家到农场只有3公里，所以我们骑自行车去了那里。根据前一句“I visited a friend n her farm with my sisters.”可知，时态为一般过去时。动词用过去式。g的过去式为went。故填went。
3．句意：这是我第一次去那里，所以我对农场里的一切都很感兴趣。根据“It was my first time t g there”可知，这是我第一次去农场那里，所以应该对农场的一切感兴趣。everything“所有事物”符合语境。故填everything。
4．句意：早上，我们骑马挤牛奶。根据“milked a cw”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。ride的过去式为rde。故填rde。
5．句意：下午，我们摘了一些草莓。本文讲述在农场做的事，所以时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。pick的过去式为picked。故填picked。
6．句意：晚上，除了欣赏满月，没有什么可做的。nthing much t d but d sth.意为“除了做某事没什么可做”。本句是指，除了欣赏满月没什么可做。故填nthing。
7．句意：仍然没有人感到无聊。根据下一句“It was a really wnderful day!”可知，这真是美妙的一天！所以没有人感到无聊。n ne意为“没有人”。故填ne。
8．句意：每个人都玩得很开心。根据前一句“It was a really wnderful day!”可知，这真是美妙的一天！所以可以推测，每个人过得很愉快。表达“每个人”用单词everyne 或everybdy。故填Everyne/Everybdy。
9．句意：这个假期你做了什么有趣的事吗？根据“Did yu d…fun this vacatin?”可知，本句是一般疑问句，意为“这个假期你做了有趣的……吗？”在疑问句中anything“任何事物，任何事情”符合语境。故填anything。
10．句意：你和谁一起去了吗？根据“Did yu g with…”可知，是在问是否和某人一起去的。anyne“任何人”符合语境。故填anyne/anybdy。
B.阅读下面短文，在文章空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
D yu knw Pleasure f Farmhuse (农家乐)? It’s a new way fr hlidays in China. Nw, mre and mre peple are 1 (interest) in it, especially yung peple. Every weekend, quite 2 few peple drive t the cuntryside. The farmers there are 3 (friend) and ask them t their farms, even hmes. Many peple help the farmers wrk n the farms, such 4 fishing, watering the crps (谷物) r 5 (pick) fruit. Here yu can d many 6 (wnder) things. Yu can enjy the beautiful view f cuntryside 7 the nice air. Yu can even taste lts f healthy vegetables and fruit. Of them, tmates and strawberries are the 8 (gd) there. 9 (kid) can pick fruit by themselves, t.
Last week, my family 10 (decide) t take me t a Pleasure f Farmhuse. We all had a great time there. One farmer said t us, “Welcme children t ur farms. We will shw yu where the fd cmes frm.”
【答案】
1．interested 2．a 3．friendly 4．as 5．picking 6．wnderful 7．and 8．best 9．Kids 10．decided
【导语】本文主要介绍了农家乐这种新的旅行方式。
1．句意：现在，越来越多的人对它感兴趣，尤其是年轻人。be interested in...表示“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。
2．句意：每个周末，非常多的人开车去乡下。quite a few表示“相当多”，修饰名词复数，固定搭配。故填a。
3．句意：那里的农场主很友好邀请他们到农场，甚至家里。根据“The farmers there are...(friend)”可知，农场主很友好，空处需形容词friendly“友好的”作表语。故填friendly。
4．句意：许多人帮助农民在农场工作，例如捕鱼、浇灌农作物或采摘水果。such as表示“比如”，固定短语。故填as。
5．句意：许多人帮助农民在农场工作，例如捕鱼、浇灌农作物或采摘水果。such as后可跟动名词，故填picking。
6．句意：在这里你可以做很多精彩的事情。根据“things”可知，空处需形容词来修饰名词things，wnder“想知道”的形容词为wnderful，意为“精彩的”。故填wnderful。
7．句意：你可以享受乡村的美景和清新的空气。根据空前后关系可知，空处表并列，需连词and。故填and。
8．句意：它们中，那的西红柿和草莓事最好的。根据“ Of them,”可知，空处含比较意味，需最高级，gd的最高级为best。故填best。
9．句意：孩子们也能自己摘水果。根据“ themselves”可知，空处需名词复数形式。故填Kids。
10．句意：上周，我家人决定带我去了一家农家乐。根据“Last week”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填decided。
四、完形填空。
A
Here was my trip t Western China. Last summer, my family and I 1 Western China. We went t Xinjiang, a beautiful place with muntains, deserts, and lakes.
Our trip 2 frm Tianchi Lake. The water was 3 and blue, and the muntains arund it were cvered with snw. We tk many 4 and had a picnic by the lake.
The next day, we went t the Flaming Muntains. The 5 was very ht. Our guide tld us stries abut the Mnkey King frm the famus Chinese bk, Jurney t the West.
We als 6 camels in the desert. It was my first time riding a camel, and it was really fun.
Befre we left, we tried many famus 7 in Xinjiang. Everything was 8 ! I really liked thse dishes!
This trip was 9 . I learned a lt abut the culture and nature f Western China. And we all
10 ! I hpe t visit Xinjiang again smeday!
1．A．visitedB．leftC．agreedD．saved
2．A．imprvedB．startedC．threwD．taught
3．A．dirtyB．primaryC．scialD．clean
4．A．silkB．picturesC．bridgesD．frms
5．A．flatB．instrumentC．weatherD．bell
6．A．rdeB．bughtC．happenedD．drew
7．A．surveysB．stnesC．twersD．dishes
8．A．deliciusB．mainC．terribleD．pssible
9．A．lnelyB．amazingC．suddenD．sad
10．A．walked acrssB．cared abutC．had funD．wrked hard
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文主要讲了去年夏天作者和家人去中国西部的新疆旅行，从天池开始，去了火焰山，在沙漠骑骆驼，品尝了许多美味菜肴，这次旅行很棒，大家都玩得开心且作者对中国西部的文化和自然有了很多了解，希望日后能再去新疆。
1．句意：去年夏天，我和我的家人参观了中国西部。
visited参观；left离开；agreed同意；saved拯救。根据“Here was my trip t Western China.”可知是去中国西部旅行，故选A。
2．句意：我们的旅行从天池开始。
imprved提高；started开始；threw扔；taught教。根据“frm Tianchi Lake”可知是说旅行从天池开始，短语start frm“从……开始”，故选B。
3．句意：水又干净又蓝，周围的山上覆盖着雪。
dirty脏的；primary主要的；scial社会的；clean干净的。根据“The water was … and blue, and the muntains arund it were cvered with snw”可知，描述的是天池好的方面的特点，故选D。
4．句意：我们拍了很多照片并且在湖边野餐。
silk丝绸；pictures照片；bridges桥；frms表格。根据“tk many”可知，在景点游玩会拍很多照片，故选B。
5．句意：天气非常热。
flat公寓；instrument乐器；weather天气；bell铃。根据“was very ht”可知，说的是天气热，故选C。
6．句意：我们也在沙漠里骑骆驼。
rde骑；bught买；happened发生；drew画。根据“camels in the desert”以及“It was my first time riding a camel”可知，在沙漠里骑骆驼，故选A。
7．句意：在我们离开之前，我们品尝了新疆很多著名的菜肴。
surveys调查；stnes石头；twers塔；dishes菜肴。根据“I really liked thse dishes!”可知是品尝了很多菜肴，故选D。
8．句意：一切都很美味！
delicius美味的；main主要的；terrible糟糕的；pssible可能的。根据“I really liked thse dishes!”可知这些菜肴是美味的，所以才会喜欢，故选A。
9．句意：这次旅行太棒了。
lnely孤独的；amazing令人惊叹的，极好的；sudden突然的；sad悲伤的。根据“I learned a lt abut the culture and nature f Western China.”可知，这次旅行是很棒的，故选B。
10．句意：并且我们都玩得很开心！
walked acrss走过；cared abut关心；had fun玩得开心；wrked hard努力工作。根据“I learned a lt abut the culture and nature f Western China.”可知，是玩得很开心，故选C。
B
I went t summer camp with my classmates last year.
Early in the mrning, we met at the bus statin. After saying gdbye t ur parents, we 1 the bus.
It 2 us mre than tw hurs t arrive at the campgrund (露营地). We gt ff the buses 3 . Laughing and shuting, we jumped and ran all ver the place. It was the first time fr us t be away frm ur parents. Sme f us started t 4 ur family. Hwever, 5 the night party and dances began, the hmesickness (想家) was gne.
The next day, everybdy rushed t the 6 class. At first, my friends and I wrked hard, but the bat wuldn’t 7 us and kept ging rund and rund. Then the teacher taught us 8 t wrk tgether. After trying many times, we did much better.
Swimming class was my favrite. It was abut the httest time f a day and the best time t stay in the cl water. The swimming teacher was a fun man, and during the class he ften made us laugh happily and feel 9 .
During the week I learned a lt f new things and 10 many new friends. I als learned hw t take care f myself.
1．A．gt nB．gt ffC．gt upD．gt int
2．A．usedB．spentC．tkD．paid
3．A．slwlyB．quietlyC．happilyD．sadly
4．A．callB．missC．thinkD．dislike
5．A．befreB．whenC．ifD．because
6．A．swimmingB．ckingC．campingD．bating
7．A．listenB．lk frC．getD．run away
8．A．whatB．whyC．hwD．when
9．A．bredB．wellC．tiredD．relaxed
10．A．knewB．hurtC．lstD．made
【答案】【导语】本文主要介绍了作者去年的一次夏令营经历。
1．句意：跟父母道别后，我们上了公共汽车。
gt n上车；gt ff下车；gt up起床；gt int进入。根据下文“We gt ff the buses”可知，此处指上车。故选A。
2．句意：我们花了两个多小时才到达营地。
used使用；spent花费；tk花费；paid付款。it takes/tk sb. time t d sth.“做某事需要花费某人时间”，固定句式。故选C。
3．句意：我们愉快地下了公共汽车。
slwly慢慢地；quietly安静地；happily愉快地；sadly悲伤地。根据下文“Laughing and shuting”可知，此处指愉快地。故选C。
4．句意：我们中的一些人开始想念我们的家人。
call呼叫；miss想念；think思考；dislike不喜欢。根据下文“the hmesickness (想家) was gne”可知，此处指想念家人。故选B。
5．句意：然而，当晚会和舞会开始时，想家之情消失了。
befre在……以前；when当……时；if如果；because因为。根据语境可知，主从句动作同时发生，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
6．句意：第二天，大家都冲向划船课。
swimming游泳；cking烹饪；camping露营；bating划船。根据下文“At first, my friends and I wrked hard, but the bat…”可知，此处指划船课。故选D。
7．句意：起初，我和朋友们努力工作，但船不听我们的，不停地转来转去。
listen听；lk fr寻找；get得到；run away逃跑。根据“kept ging rund and rund”可知，此处指船不听我们的。故选A。
8．句意：然后老师教我们如何一起工作。
what什么；why为什么；hw如何；when什么时候。根据下文“After trying many times, we did much better.”可知，此处指方法。故选C。
9．句意：游泳老师是一个有趣的人，上课时他经常让我们开心地笑，感到放松。
bred无聊的；well健康的；tired疲惫的；relaxed放松的。根据“he ften made us laugh happily”可知，此处指感到放松。故选D。
10．句意：在这一周里，我学到了很多新东西，交了很多新朋友。
knew了解；hurt伤害；lst失去；made制造。根据语境可知，此处指收获，make friends“交朋友”，固定词组。故选D。
五、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
A
Standing at the ft f the big muntains, I knw that real adventure (冒险) ften starts with beautiful things in the nature. Everyne has their wn favrite place, and I als want t find mine.
Last mnth I went t a beautiful muntain with great expectatin. Alng the way, I was s excited that I culdn’t wait t watch the fantastic view (风景). Hwever, when I arrived there, I fund there were s many peple and the nisy sunds made me very sad. I expected t feel the beauty f nature in a quiet place, but nw it was much t nisy.
But I didn’t give up and went n climbing the muntain. As I walked n, there were fewer peple and the view became mre and mre beautiful. When I reached anther place called Munt Greenview, I saw a place full f green plants and clrful flwers. The sense f peace was grwing up frm the bttm f my heart at that mment. Then I started climbing. I culdn’t wait t see mre. The view frm the tp made me feel like I was in Alice’s Wnderland.
After enjying the view fr a while, I decided t g n my jurney and headed fr a quiet lake. Alng the way, I was s happy that I even sang a sng. The water there was s clear that I culd even see the beautiful stnes in the lake. Ducks swam slwly and quietly. I rested n the grass and enjyed the nice mment.
This trip shws me that we can find beautiful things in places we dn’t think f. Smetimes, lking fr a great place is as gd as getting t that place. S stp waiting and get mving t enjy the beautiful view as sn as pssible.
1．Which was the first place the writer visited?
A．A place filled with nisy peple.B．Munt Greenview.
C．The tp f the muntain.D．A quiet lake.
2．What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．The view was s peaceful that the writer wanted t sleep.
B．The view was s amazing that the writer felt it like a dream.
C．The view was s cmmn that the writer felt nthing special.
D．The view was s terrible that the writer wanted t leave.
3．Which shws the changes f the writer’s feelings best in the passage?
A．B．C．D．
4．What can we learn frm the writer’s trip?
A．Muntains are always the best place t find beautiful things.
B．Singing sngs can make the jurney mre enjyable.
C．Peple can find beautiful things in unexpected places.
D．Getting t a great place is mre imprtant than lking fr it.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者上个月去一座美丽的山探险的经历。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hwever, when I arrived there, I fund there were s many peple and the nisy sunds made me very sad.”可知，作者到达的第一个地方是挤满了嘈杂人群的地方，故选A。
2．句意理解题。根据画线句上文“When I reached anther place called Munt Greenview, I saw a place full f green plants and clrful flwers. The sense f peace was grwing up frm the bttm f my heart at that mment.”可知，当作者到达一个叫Greenview山的地方时，他看到了一个充满绿色植物和五彩斑斓的花朵的地方，那时，他内心深处的宁静感油然而生。再根据画线句“Then I started climbing. I culdn’t wait t see mre. The view frm the tp made me feel like I was in Alice’s Wnderland.”可知，然后作者开始爬山，迫不及待地想看更多。山顶的景色让作者感觉自己仿佛置身于爱丽丝的仙境。由此可知，画线句意思是“景色如此迷人，作者感觉它就像一场梦”。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I was s excited that I culdn’t wait t watch the fantastic view. Hwever, when I arrived there, I fund there were s many peple and the nisy sunds made me very sad.”可知，作者一开始很兴奋，但到达后发现人太多而很伤心；根据第三段中“The sense f peace was grwing up frm the bttm f my heart at that mment. Then I started climbing, I culdn't wait t see mre.”可知，景色越来越美，作者内心开始平静，然后迫不及待想要看到更多；根据第四段中“After enjying the view fr a while, I decided t g n my jurney and headed fr a quiet lake. Alng the way, I was s happy that I even sang a sng.”可知，作者欣赏完景色后，前往安静的湖，一路上很开心，甚至唱起了歌。C选项中，从兴奋，到伤心，再到很开心，很符合作者情感的变化。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This trip shws me that we can find beautiful things in places we dn’t think f.”可知，这次旅行告诉作者，我们可以在我们想不到的地方发现美好的事物。由此可知，我们可以从作者的旅行中学到“人们可以在意想不到的地方发现美好的事物”。故选C。
B
Many yung peple all ver the wrld lve t travel and see the wrld. Have yu heard f backpackers? They are nrmally yung peple wh travel cheaply with just ne rucksack (背包) and cmfrtable walking bts.
Sme peple prefer adventure turs. Brave peple may try bungee jumping frm the bridge verlking the Victria Falls in Africa with nly a rpe arund their legs. Sme enjy the challenge f rck climbing in the Alps in Switzerland. Others may g skiing in the Rcky Muntains in the USA．
Have yu ever heard f ecturism (生态旅游)? Ecturists cme clse t nature but are very careful nt t damage (损害) the natural beauty r living things in the area. Hw can this be pssible? Let’s read an interview with sme peple. They have just enjyed a “swimming with dlphins” tur. Interviewer: What was the mst exciting part f yur hliday?
Sharn: I felt excited when I heard the sund f wild dlphins cming clse t me in the water and then swimming directly under me. I will never frget the experience.
Xavier: There were tw dlphins belw us swimming dwnwards. One stpped and lked back at me as if t say “What are thse strange beings?” Fantastic!
Interviewer: Did yu feel that yur hliday helped lcal peple t keep their beautiful envirnment?
Jane: Nw the htel and the whale and dlphin watching cmpanies emply (雇用) lcal peple. They used t hunt thse whales and dlphins, but nw they can make mney frm turism and dn't have t kill them. Nt many bats are used at the same time, s these animals aren’t bthered (打扰). The bat cmpanies als wrk t educate the lcal schls abut the imprtance f prtecting these wnderful animals.
Helen: I am glad they are nt killing the whales and dlphins any mre, but the cars and bats use fuel (燃料). This culd cause pllutin and make the sea less clean.
1．Hw d backpackers travel?

2．What d ecturists d accrding t the passage?

3．Hw did Sharn feel when she heard the sund f wild dlphins cming clse t her?

4．Wh has stpped killing the whales and dlphins accrding t the passage?

5．What d yu think f the “swimming with dlphins” tur? Why? (请自拟一句话作答)

【答案】1．They travel cheaply with just ne rucksack and cmfrtable walking bts. 2．They cme clse t nature but are very careful nt t damage the natural beauty r living things in the area. 3．She felt very excited. 4．The lcal peple. 5．The tur is fantastic because it helps imprve the envirnment. （答案合理即可）
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的旅行方式，文章通过采访游客，向人们宣传既要亲近大自然，又不破坏生态环境的生态旅游。
1．根据“They are nrmally yung peple wh travel cheaply with just ne rucksack (背包) and cmfrtable walking bts.”可知，背包客通常是年轻人，他们出行的方式是只背着一个背包，穿着舒适的步行靴，且花费较少地去旅行。故填They travel cheaply with just ne rucksack and cmfrtable walking bts.
2．根据“Ecturists cme clse t nature but are very careful nt t damage (损害) the natural beauty r living things in the area.”可知，生态旅游者亲近自然的同时非常小心不破坏该地区的自然美景和生物。故填They cme clse t nature but are very careful nt t damage the natural beauty r living things in the area.
3．根据Sharn的回答“I felt excited when I heard the sund f wild dlphins cming clse t me in the water and then swimming directly under me.”可知，当她听到野生海豚靠近的声音时，她的感受是兴奋的。故填She felt very excited.
4．根据Jane的回答“Nw the htel and the whale and dlphin watching cmpanies emply (雇用) lcal peple. They used t hunt thse whales and dlphins, but nw they can make mney frm turism and dn’t have t kill them.”可知，过去当地的人们捕杀鲸鱼和海豚，现在因为可以从旅游业赚钱，所以不再捕杀了。这里的“they”指代的就是当地的人们，故填The lcal peple.
5．本题是开放性试题，答案言之有理即可。参考答案：The tur is fantastic because it helps imprve the envirnment.
不定副词
用法对比
典型语境
例句（结合单元内容）
smewhere
肯定句中表“某处”，指不确定的地方
旅行、建议场景
- We want t g smewhere warm fr winter.（我们想去温暖的地方过冬。） - I saw a beautiful rainbw smewhere in the sky.（我在天空某处看到了美丽的彩虹。）
anywhere
① 否定/疑问句中表“任何地方” ② 肯定句中表“随便哪个地方”（强调“无论何处”）
询问地点、否定回答
- Did yu g anywhere interesting during the summer?（夏天你去了有趣的地方吗？） - I can’t find my passprt anywhere.（我哪儿也找不到我的护照。）
nwhere
表“无处”，强调“没有任何地方”
否定场景
- The lst hiker fund nwhere t stay.（迷路的徒步者找不到地方停留。） - There was nwhere t sit in the crwded bus.（拥挤的公交车上无处可坐。）
everywhere
表“到处”，强调“所有地方”
描述范围
- We lked everywhere but culdn’t find the key.（我们到处找，但没找到钥匙。） - Turists are everywhere in the ld twn.（老镇里到处都是游客。）
一般过去时
定义
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 。
时间标志词
yesterday（昨天）；last night/week/mnth/year（昨晚 / 上周 / 上月 / 去年 ）；（如 tw days ag 两天前 ）；in + 过去年份（如 in 2020 ）；just nw（刚才）；the ther day（前几天 ） 等 。
谓语动词构成形式
be 动词：主语是 I/he/she/it 时，用 was ；主语是 yu/we/they 时，用 were
实义动词：过去式（规则变化和不规则变化 ）
规则动词过去式变化规则
一般情况：直接加 - ed ，如 wrk - wrked ；
以不发音 e 结尾：加 - d ，如 live - lived ；
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾：变 y 为 i ，再加 - ed ，如 study - studied ；
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写末尾辅音字母，再加 - ed ，如 stp - stpped 。
不规则动词过去式示例
g - went ；d - did ；have - had ；eat - ate ；see - saw 等（需特殊记忆 ）
肯定句结构
be 动词：主语 + was/were + 表语（名词 / 形容词 / 介词短语等 ） ，如 I was at hme yesterday.（我昨天在家 ）
实义动词：主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语 + 其他 ，如 He played ftball last week.（他上周踢足球了 ）
否定句结构
be 动词：主语 + wasn't/weren't + 表语 ，如 She wasn't happy yesterday.（她昨天不开心 ）
实义动词：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他 ，如 They didn't g t schl last Mnday.（他们上周一没去上学 ）
一般疑问句结构
be 动词：Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ？肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：N, 主语 + wasn't/weren't. 如 Were yu at schl yesterday? Yes, I was. / N, I wasn't.
实义动词：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他 ？肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：N, 主语 + didn't. 如 Did she clean the rm? Yes, she did. / N, she didn't.
特殊疑问句结构
对主语提问：特殊疑问词 + 动词过去式 + 其他 ？如 Wh played basketball yesterday?（昨天谁打篮球了 ？）
对其他成分提问：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 ？如 Where did yu g last Sunday?（你上周日去哪里了 ？）