2025-2026学年上海市同济第一附中高二（上）期中英语试卷-自定义类型

这是一份2025-2026学年上海市同济第一附中高二（上）期中英语试卷-自定义类型，共13页。试卷主要包含了选词填空-短文，阅读理解，阅读六选四，完形填空，语法填空，句子翻译，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.
One principle f taxatin，called the benefit principle（受益原则），states that peple shuld pay taxes based n the benefits they receive frm gvernment services.This principle tries t make public gds similar t (1) gds.It seems reasnable that a persn wh ften ges t the mvies pays mre in (2) fr mvie tickets than a persn wh rarely ges.And (3) a persn wh gets great benefit frm a public gd shuld pay mre fr it than a persn wh gets little benefit.
The gasline tax，fr instance，is smetimes (4) under the benefits principle.In sme states，revenues（收益） frm the gasline tax are used t build and (5) rads.Because thse wh buy gasline are the same peple wh use the rads，the gasline tax might be viewed as a (6) way t pay this gvernment service.
The benefits principle can als be used t (7) that wealthy citizens shuld pay higher taxes than prer nes，simply because the wealthy benefit mre frm public services.Cnsider，fr example，the benefits f plice prtectin frm theft.Citizens with much t prtect get greater benefit frm the plice than thse with less t prtect.Therefre，accrding t the benefits principle，the wealthy shuld (8) mre than the pr t the cst f maintaining the plice (9) .The same argument can be used fr many ther public services，such as fire prtectin，natinal (10) ，and the curt system.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
二、阅读理解：本大题共11小题，共22分。
A
At first glance Esther Okade seems like a nrmal 10-year-ld.She lves dressing up as Elsa frm"Frzen"，playing with Barbie dlls and ging t the park r shpping.But what makes the British-Nigerian yungster stand ut is the fact that she's als a university student.
Esther，frm Walsall，an industrial twn in the UK's West Midlands regin，is ne f the cuntry's yungest cllege freshmen.The talented 10-year-ld enrlled at the Open University in January and is already tp f the class，having recently scred 100% in an exam.
"It's s interesting and super easy，"she laughs."My mum taught me in a nice way."She adds："I want t finish the curse in tw years.Then I'm ging t d my PhD in financial maths when I'm 13.I want t have my wn bank by the time I'm 15 because I like numbers and I like peple and banking is a great way t help peple."
And in case peple think her parents have pushed her int starting university early，Esther disagrees."I actually wanted t start when I was seven.But my mum didn't agree."After three years f begging，Mther Efe finally agreed t explre the idea.
Esther has always jumped ahead f her peers.Her mther nticed her daughter's gift fr figures shrtly after she began hmeschling her at the age f three.Initially，Esther's parents had enrlled her in a private schl but after a few shrt weeks，the usually-energetic yungster refused t g back t that schl because the teachers didn't let her talk in class.In the UK，educatin is nt cmpulsry until five，s Efe started t d little things at hme by teaching basic number skills but Esther was miles ahead.By fur，her natural talent fr maths had seen the eager student mve n t algebra （代数学） and quadratic equatins （二次方程式）.
And Esther isn't the nly maths miracle in the family.Her yunger brther Isaiah，6，will sn be sitting his first A-level exam in June.
2.Which f the fllwing makes Esther Okade different frm her nrmal peers？ ______
A. She is the yungest cllege student in the UK.
B. She ges t university at a much earlier age.
C. She ften gets full marks in maths exams.
D. She lves acting as a university student.
3.Frm the passage we can learn that ______ .
A. Esther thinks her parents expect t much f her
B. Esther cannt adapt herself well t cllege life
C. Esther asked t g t university even earlier
D. Esther dislikes being taught at hme
4.What might be a main factr that has led t Esther's being a maths genius？ ______
A. The gene frm her family.B. Her curse in the university.
C. The criticism frm her teachers.D. Her mther's hmeschling.
5.Esther can be described as a girl wh ______ .
A. is ambitius and has a clear gal
B. is creative and lves explring the unknwn
C. is rebellius but ready t help thers
D. is energetic but reluctant t challenge herself.
B
Fr years, the Empire State Building in New Yrk was recgnized as the tallest building in the wrld, but in recent decades, many much higher structures have been built. Read n t learn mre abut fur f the tallest skyscrapers existing tday.
● Buri Khalifa
Buri Khalifa in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, is currently the tallest building in the wrld. The twer is part f a new develpment built n a man-made lake. Burj Khalifa has a distinctive shape s that the windws lk ut nt the Persian Gulf. A 304-rm htel ccupies the lwer flrs and there is an bservatin deck n the 124th flr. The tp flr is hme t a private VIP club, clsed t anyne except members.
● Shanghai Wrld Financial Centre
This skyscraper has the highest bservatin deck in the wrld, althugh the building itself is n lnger the tallest. Cnstructin stpped between 1998 and 2003 because f the Asian financial crisis, but it was eventually finished in 2008. The mst distinctive feature in its design is the gemetric pening at the tp f the twer.
● Internatinal Cmmerce Centre
This skyscraper in Hng Kng stands n tp f Kwln Statin, which gave its name t the riginal prpsal fr the building. The twer is nt as high as in earlier plans because f regulatins that prevented buildings frm being taller than the surrunding muntains. A five-star htel ccupies the upper fifteen flrs f the building. There is an bservatin deck n the 100th flr and a number f five-star restaurants n the 101st flr.
● Petrnas Twer
These twers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are the tallest twin buildings in the wrld. They were built n the site f the city's hrse-racing tracking and an exclusive shpping centre is lcated at the base. The twers are cnnected by a sky bridge n the 41st and 42nd flrs, which is the highest tw-strey bridge in the wrld. It is pen t the public, but nly a limited number f free tickets are given ut each day, and visitrs are allwed n mre than ten minutes n the bridge.
6.In which tw buildings can yu bk a rm ？ ______
A. Buri Khalifa and Shanghai Wrld Financial Centre.
B. Internatinal Cmmerce Centre and Petrnas Twers.
C. Burj Khalifa and Internatinal Cmmerce Centre.
D. Petrnas Twers and Burj Khalifa.
7.______ is/are shrter than it/they was/were designed t be.
A. Burj KhalifaB. Shanghai Wrld Financial Centre
C. Petrnas TwersD. Internatinal Cmmerce Centre
8.Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is true ？ ______
A. Shanghai Wrld Financial Centre tk lnger t cmplete than planned.
B. Visitrs have t pay t stay n the tw-strey bridge in Petrnas Twers.
C. Internatinal Cmmerce Centre is named after its investr.
D. The tp flr f Buri Khalifa is accessible t everyne.
C
Given the buzz it's created，there's a gd chance yu've heard abut ChatGPT.It's an interactive chatbt pwered by machine learning.The technlgy has basically devured the entire Internet，reading the cllective wrks f humanity and learning patterns in language that it can recreate.All yu have t d is give it a prmpt （提示），and ChatGPT can d an endless array f things：write a stry in a particular style，answer a questin，explain a cncept，cmpse an email—write a cllege essay-and it will spit ut cherent，seemingly human—written text in secnds.The technlgy is bth awesme and terrifying.
22-year-ld Edward Tian is wrking feverishly n a new app t cmbat misuse f ChatGPT.
Over the last cuple years，Tian has been studying an AI system called GPT-3，a predecessr t ChatGPT that was less user-friendly and largely inaccessible t the general public because it was behind a paywall.As part f his studies this fall semester，Tian researched hw t detect text written by the AI system while wrking at Princetn's Natural Language Prcessing Lab.
Then，as the semester was cming t a clse，OpenAI，the cmpany behind GPT-3 and ther AI tls，released ChatGPT t the public fr free.Fr the millins f peple arund the wrld wh have used it since，interacting with the technlgy has been like getting a peek int the future；a future that nt t lng ag wuld have seemed like science fictin.
Fr many users f the new technlgy，wnderment quickly turned t alarm.Hw-many jbs will this kill？Will this empwer nefarius （恶意的） actrs and further crrupt ur public discurse （公共话语）？Hw will this disrupt ur educatin system？What is the pint f learning t write essays at schl when AI-which is expected t get expnentially better in the near future-can d that fr us？
Tian had an idea.What if he applied what he had learned at schl ver the last cuple years t help the public identify whether smething has been written by a machine？
Tian already had the knw-hw and even the sftware n his laptp t create such a prgram.Irnically，this sftware，called GitHub C-Pilt，is pwered by GPT-3.With its assistance，Tian was able t create a new app within three days.It's a testament t the pwer f this technlgy t make us mre prductive.
On January 2nd，Tian released his app GPTZer.It basically uses ChatGPT against itself，checking whether "there's zer invlvement r a lt f invlvement" f the AI system in creating a given text.
When Tian went t bed that night，he didn't expect much fr his app.When he wke up，his phne had blwn up.He saw cuntless texts and DMs frm jurnalists，principals，teachers，yu name it，frm places as far away as France and Switzerland.His app，which is hsted by a free platfrm，became s ppular it crashed.Excited by the ppularity and purpse f his app，the hsting platfrm has since granted Tian the resurces needed t scale the app's services t a mass audience.
9.Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut GPT-3？ ______
A. It's designed and researched by Edward Tian in Princetn University
B. Nt many rdinary peple have used it because it is nt free.
C. It is in the same AI system series as ChatGPT and GPTZer.
D. It used t be less user-friendly than ChatGPT but has utdne it nw.
10.Wnderment at ChatGPT quickly turned t alarm because many users have the fllwing cncerns ver ChatGPT EXCEPT ______ .
A. AI may replace human beings in the future when it cmes t writing essays.
B. Actrs may turn bad r even evil if the new technlgy is adpted in acting.
C. The educatin system may be badly impacted by the misuse f the new technlgy.
D. Many peple may be ut f emplyment because f the new technlgy.
11.Principals and teachers may get interested in Edward Tian's new app prbably because ______ .
A. the app is hsted by a free platfrm which is very ppular.
B. they knw many jurnalists are als very interested in it.
C. they are eager t share the resurces Edward Tian is granted.
D. they are wrried abut the pssibility f students cheating in writing.
12.Which f the fllwing expressins can best describe the principle behind GPTZer？ ______
A. Harm set，harm get.
B. Birds f a feather flck tgether.
C. Fight a man with his wn weapn.
D. Great minds think alike.
三、阅读六选四：本大题共4小题，共8分。
A.There are s many kinds f weddings in the United States.
B Fllwing the prmises，the cuple exchange rings.
C.All the Americans hld their weddings in the church.
D.The bride and grm run t the car under a shwer f rice thrwn by the wedding guests.
E.American peple always play tricks n the"just married" cuples.
F.When everything is ready，then cmes the mst exciting mment.
(13)They are church weddings with a great deal f music，weddings n muntaintps with guests wh are withut shes and s n.But many weddings，n matter where r hw they are perfrmed include certain traditinal custms.
Befre a cuple is married，they becme engaged.And then invitatins are sent t thse wh live near by，their clse friends and their relatives wh live faraway.(14)The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes.The wedding ceremny enters the church while the wedding march is played.The bride carrying a buquet enters last with her father wh will give her away.The grm enters the church frm a side dr.When the wedding party is gathered by the altar（圣坛），the bride and grm exchange vws.It is traditinal t use the wrds：
"T have and t hld frm this day frward，fr better fr wrse，fr richer fr prer，in sickness and in health，t lve and t cherish，till death d us part."(15)Wearing the wedding ring n the furth finger f the left hand is an ld custm.
After the ceremny there is ften a party，called a"receptin"which gives the wedding guests an pprtunity t cngratulate the newlyweds.
The car in which the cuple leaves the church is decrated with ballns streamers and shaving cream.The wrds "Just Married" are painted n the trunk r back windw. (16) When the cuple drives away frm the church，friends ften chase them in cars hnking and drawing attentin t them.And then the cuple g n their hney mn.
13.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
14.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
15.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Why d mst peple chse t stay with their current emplyer？The(17) usually depends n their age，life circumstances，and persnal mtivatins.A recent pll n ur website asked the same questin.
The(18) reasn fr staying n the jb was the nature f wrk and jb satisfactin.Cming in a clse secnd was flexible schedule and wrk-life balance.Next was wrk envirnment and crprate culture，fllwed by advancement pprtunity and persnal grwth.Salary and benefits were the least imprtant.
Is it(19) that salary cmes in last n this list？Nt really.Salary and benefits d nt usually make it int the tp three reasns fr jb satisfactin n such surveys.Mst peple knw they culd earn mre mney elsewhere，but it's nt enugh t get them t(20)a jb they like.
Advancement desn't rank at the tp f the list，either.That's prbably because s many peple think that mving up can make life n the jb mre(21).The nly thing ne gets(22)is mre mney.
S what(23) jb satisfactin？One typical answer is "I like t be challenged".Peple wh say this like t wrk tward(24).They like new(25) assignments s that they can test their skills and creativity.
Anther typical answer is"I like t feel I'm making a(26)".Many peple get a sense f cmmunity when they are wrking with a grup f c-wrkers tward a（n）(27) gal.It is very imprtant fr them t have clse，friendly relatinships with c-wrkers，and they will d better when thers (28)their effrts.
Finally，there are thse wh say "I get(29)frm a jb well dne".Such peple lve the technical wrk they d；they feel(30)the results f their effrts.
These peple have high standards f quality and wrk best when they have cntrl ver a prject.They will try harder when thers knw abut the wrk they have dne.
Basically，the main reasn why peple wrk is t earn mney，but it is nt mney that gives them satisfactin.(31)emplyees smething mre，and yu are likely t get mre frm them.
17.A. questinB. answerC. resultD. survey
18.A. tpB. actualC. gdD. pssible
19.A. impssibleB. imprperC. unclearD. unusual
20.A. leaveB. findC. maintainD. lse
21.A. excitingB. rewardingC. unpleasantD. uncmpetitive
22.A. fr sureB. in returnC. by himselfD. after all
23.A. launchesB. createsC. preventsD. expresses
24.A. hlidaysB. wagesC. changesD. gals
25.A. utstandingB. challengingC. puzzlingD. tempting
26.A. prmiseB. frtuneC. cntributinD. respnse
27.A. idealB. cmmnC. familiarD. ambitius
28.A. gainB. spareC. appreciateD. evaluate
29.A. prmtinB. pressureC. knwledgeD. satisfactin
30.A. prud fB. curius abutC. wrried abutD. interested in
31.A. OfferB. RewardC. PrmiseD. Teach
五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
32.Pumee Bntm lives in nrthern Thailand，but he tunes his televisin t the Chinese weather frecast.A big strm in suthern China (1) （mean）a big release f water frm the Chinese dams upstream（上游）-and，in turn，a gd chance that his village will be flded.The Chinese gvernment is suppsed (2) （warn） dwnstream cuntries， (3) in Bntm's experience，that warning tends t arrive t late r nt at all.
Bntm is the leader f Ban Pak Ing，a village n the west bank f the Mekng（湄公河）.Twenty years ag，like many f his neighbrs，Bntm caught fish fr a living.But as China cmpleted ne，then tw，and then seven dams upstream，the few hundred residents f Ban Pak Ing saw the Mekng change.The sudden rise and fall in water levels interfere with fish migratin and spawning（洄游和产卵）. (4) the village has prtected lcal spawning grunds，there are n lnger enugh fish t g arund.
In recent years Bntm and many thers here (5) （ sell） their fishing bats and switched t farming crn，tbacc，and beans.It's a risky living，and nt the ne they knw best-and this life is (6) （challenge） because f the frequent flding.
Ban Pak Ing may be a visin f the future fr many Mekng villages.Five mre dams are (7) cnstructin in China.Dwnstream，in Las and Cambdia（老挝和柬埔寨），11 majr dams are either prpsed r already being built.By disturbing fish migratin and spawning，the new dams (8) （ expect） t threaten the fd supply f an estimated 60 millin peple，mst f (9) live in villages much like Ban Pak Ing.The electric pwer (10) （ generate）by the lwer Mekng dams is mainly fr bming urban centers in Thailand and Vietnam.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、句子翻译：本大题共4小题，共15分。
33.你怎么能向我推荐奢侈品的品牌呢？（recmmend）
______
34.网红们常常与公司签署合同，在社交媒体上推广公司产品。（prmte）
______
35.小米推出了一款以照相功能为特色的新型智能手机，正在特价销售。（feature）
______
36.尽管面临重重困难，这位科学家依然致力于她的研究，并最终取得了突破，这让她所有的同事都惊叹不已。（despite）
______
七、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共35分。
37.Directins：Read the fllwing passage.Summarize the main idea and the main pint（s） f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds.Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
British are having less children
With the average number f children in a British family falling under an average f 2.0，cmpared with the traditinal 2.4 children，the ppulatin f the UK has been falling fr quite a few years.
Why aren't British peple having as many children as they used t？Well，there are many reasns.One f them is that British peple are nw having their children at a much lder age than previusly，meaning they have fewer years in which they can have children.Mst yung peple tday want a well-paid jb，s they ften g t university after high schl after years f study at university，they then need a few years f wrk experience befre they can get the jb they want.S it's nt until they are abut 30 years ld that they can start t think abut settling dwn and having children.
Anther reasn is that it is relatively expensive t bring up a child in the UK.Usually bth parents need t wrk t pay fr their hme and living expenses.They need t pay smene t lk after their child during the day，which is expensive.
In additin，prblems in the glbal ecnmy ften affect British families.Fr example，when times are tugh and there is an ecnmic dwnturn，it becmes difficult t find a jb r keep the existing ne.This kind f uncertainty discurages peple frm having larger families.
S what is Britain ding t try and save British families？First f all，the gvernment is trying t make it cheaper t have children.Fr example，there have been increases in mney families can gain frm the state each mnth.Als，there is an increasing amunt f mney fr nursery schls，s that parents dn't need t pay s much fr childcare.In additin，there are nw laws allwing parents t take mre time ff wrk s that they can lk after their children themselves rather than having t pay thers t d it.
_____
38.Directins：Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高二学生吴磊。在学校里，你经常看到一些同学非常忙碌。他们不仅要在学业上全力以赴，还积极投身于各种各样的课外活动，如社团、竞赛和学生会工作。这种忙碌在带来充实感的同时，也常常使他们感到压力倍增。请你针对这一现象向校报投稿，你的投稿须包括：
（1）简要描述这一现象；
（2）你认为如何才能平衡好学业与课外活动之间的关系？请谈谈你的观点。
1.【答案】【小题1】H
【小题2】I
【小题3】G
【小题4】E
【小题5】K
【小题6】D
【小题7】B
【小题8】A
【小题9】J
【小题10】F
2~5.【答案】B、C、A、A
6~8.【答案】C、D、A
9~12.【答案】B、B、D、C
13~16.【答案】A、F、B、D
17~31.【答案】B、A、D、A、C、B、B、D、B、C、B、C、D、A、A
32.【答案】【小题1】means
【小题2】t warn
【小题3】but
【小题4】Althugh/Thugh
【小题5】have sld
【小题6】challenging
【小题7】under
【小题8】are expected
【小题9】whm
【小题10】generated
33.【答案】Hw can yu recmmend luxury brands t me？
34.【答案】Internet celebrities ften sign cntracts with cmpanies t prmte the cmpanies' prducts n scial media.
35.【答案】The latest smartphne launched by Xiami，featuring a high-perfrmance camera，is currently available at a discunt.
36.【答案】Despite facing numerus difficulties，the scientist remained cmmitted t her research and eventually made a breakthrugh，which astnished all her clleagues.
37.【答案】 British peple are having fewer children than befre.The delayed child-bearing age，the high cst f raising a child and the unstable ecnmic situatin all cntribute t the ppulatin decline.The gvernment has taken measures such as increasing the subsidies fr children and reducing parents' wrking hurs t encurage peple t have mre children.
38.【答案】Balance Studies and Activities Wisely At ur schl，senir tw students are always busy.Between classes，many scribble hmewrk while they eat，and after schl，sme rush t club practices while thers head t cmpetitin training.This busyness brings fulfillment but als great pressure.
T balance well，first clarify pririties—chse activities matching yur gals.Secnd，make a simple schedule where yu fix specific time fr daily studies and set clear slts fr extracurricular activities like clubs.Third，rest when tired—shrt breaks bst efficiency.Let's find ur balance t make high schl life fulfilling and relaxed!A.cntribute；B.argue；C.prvided；D.fair；E.justified；F.defense；
G.similarly；H.private；I.ttal；J.frce；K.maintain